Agricultura Ecologica - I Toncea

8/13/2019 Agricultura Ecologica - I Toncea

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Agricultura ecologic o surs sigur de

Hran Vie

Ion TONCEA

Institutul Naional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare AgricolFunduleaCentrul Agroecologic de Cercetare, Inovare i Tr ansferTehnologic

N. Titulescu 1, 915200 Fundulea/CalarasiROMANIATel: 00 40 213 15 08 05;Tel/Fax: 00 40 242 64 20 44E-mail : [email protected], [email protected]


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Cum definim:

1. Agricultura ecologic:este tiina sau arta administrrii sau

inerii sub control a vieuitoarelor

agricole i a mediului lor de via,

n folosul naturii i omenirii.


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Cum definim:

2. Hrana vie:

orice produs agricol sau natural, proasptsau conservat prin metode naturale, care

este consumat instinctual, crud sau puin

prelucrat, de ctre om, animale i plante


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Quality and Safety of Organic Products

FIBL Dossier /May 2006

PHYSIOLOGICAL NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FOOD

DESIRABLE UNDESIRABLE

Primary nutr ients: carbohydrates,

protein and fats

Pesti cedes residues

Vitamins Ni trate content

M inerals Heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu) content

Plant secondary metabol i tes (e.g.antioxidants)

Mycotoxins

Dry matter, dietary f ibre Drug residues

Pathogeni c organisms and parasites

Allergens


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Product-oriented comparison of different

productions systems

Ki rsten Brandt, Lorna Lck, Chri stoph Schmidt, Chr is Seal and

Carlo Leifer t, Newcastle Un iversity

Bioacademy 2006Lednice/Czech Republ ic

ORGANIC CONVENIONAL

Dry weight % minerals Protein

Vitamin C% NitrateEssential aminoacids Synthetic pesticides

Natural pesticides


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Nutritional value of organic fruits and

vegetables

Organic vegetables have often a higher content in someminerals (Fe, Mg) and vitamins (Vit.C);

Organic fruits and vegetables have a higher content inpolyphenols;

Organic fruits and vegetables have in most cases

a higher antioxidant activity;

The cultivar may have a greater impact

than the agricultural techniques;

Source:Claude Aubert/ FrancePartnership in Organic Farming and Food Quali ty14-15 September, 2006 Sofi a/Bulgaria
http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lacourgerie.com/potimaron%25202.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lacourgerie.com/serv03.htm&h=637&w=600&sz=22&tbnid=on0R3_ZgzNaKFM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=127&hl=fr&start=82&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpotimarron%26start%3D80%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN


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Polyphenols in organic and conventionalpeaches

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Polyphenol content

Organic

Conventional

Polyphenols(mg EGA/100gDM)

Source : Fauriel J. et al, 2005EGA = Equivalent Gallic Acid


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Antioxydant activity of applepeel and flesh

0

2

4

68

10

12

14

16

18

20

Peel Flesh

Organic

Conventional

Integrated

Source : Peck G.M., 2004


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Nutritional value : what differences in

other types of food? Grain : a little less proteinsin organic products

but of better quality;

Animal fat: more polyinsaturatedfattyacid in organic products;

Milk, cheese and meat : more Omega 3 and

CLA (Conjugated Linolenic Acid) fatty acidsinorganic products

Wine : more resveratrol in organic wine
http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.passeportsante.net/DocumentsProteus/images/lait_nu-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.passeportsante.net/fr/Nutrition/EncyclopedieAliments/Fiche.aspx%3Fdoc%3Dlait_nu&h=225&w=165&sz=4&tbnid=NGYzuGcDHIV_WM:&tbnh=102&tbnw=74&hl=fr&start=3&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dlait%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://w3.inra.fr/var/inra/htmlarea/1561/ble_farandole.jpg&imgrefurl=http://w3.inra.fr/la_science_et_vous/dossiers_scientifiques/biodiversite/questions_de_recherche/ressources_genetiques_et_selection/le_centre_de_ressources_genetiques_cereales_a_pailles&h=294&w=194&sz=13&tbnid=y4yHqaFTQtKspM:&tbnh=111&tbnw=73&hl=fr&start=4&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%25C3%25A9pi%2Bde%2Bbl%25C3%25A9%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN


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Mycotoxins in organic and conventional food

Number of

comparative

studies concluding

to :

Grain, flour, bread Milk

Lessmycotoxins inorganic products

More mycotoxins in

organic food ONo significative

difference O

Source : Aubert C., 2003


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Twice as much Omega 3 in

organic milk

Omga 3

(mg/g fat)

Source : Louis Bolk Institute, 2005


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Pesticide residues in grapes

(26 samples analysed in Germany by the magazine Test) No residue : 1 sample (organic grapes, Italie)

One pesticide : 5 samples (Spain, Egypt)

Two pesticides : 4 samples (Spain, Italy)

Three pesticides :7 samples (Spain, Italy, Argentine)

Four pesticides : 4 samples (Italy, Chile, South Africa)

Five pesticides : 3 samples (Spain, Argentine) Six pesticides : 1 sample (Italy)

Eight pesticides : 1 sample (Spain)

Source : Test magazine, Germany
http://images.google.fr/imgres?imgurl=http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/webb/BOT410/Angiosperm/Grapes-300.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/webb/BOT410/Angiosperm/fruits2.htm&h=320&w=300&sz=92&tbnid=QBdyzM47mCpnyM:&tbnh=113&tbnw=105&hl=fr&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgrapes%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dfr%26lr%3D


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Malathion metabolites in 3 to 11 years old childrens urine

according to the type of food consumed(conventional or organic)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Conv food(days 1-3)

Org food (days4-7)

Conv food(days 8-15)

Malathion metabolites in

urine

Source : Lu, 2005

g/litre


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Impact of organic and conventional food onanimal health

Better health with

organic food

(12 studies)

No difference

(8 studies)

Better health with

conventional food

(1 study)

Source : Fibl, Switzerland


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ANIMALS PREFER ORGANIC FOOD

0102030405060708090

100

Rabbits Hens Rats (1992)

ConventionalfoodOrganic food

Percentageof foodeaten

Sources : Edelmller(1984), Plochberger (1989), Plochberger/Velimirov (1992)
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When the last tree will be cut,The last river poisoned,

The last fish caught,

Then you will find outThat money cannot be eaten

Cree proverb(Canadian Indians)


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Agricultura Ecologica - I Toncea

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