Curs PPT Iubirea 2015 psicho
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Transcript of Curs PPT Iubirea 2015 psicho
Definitii ☺
� Atitudine: predispozitia de a gandi, simti si a ne
comporta in maniera pozitiva fata de alta persoana(Hendrick & Hendrick, 1986)
� Emotie: emotie singulara sau relatie sociala care implica
o serie de emotii? (Lazarus, 1991)
AtasamentulJohn Bowlby (1969/1982): sistem
comportamental innascut, activat de
pericole, care duce la formarea unor
relatii de atasament cu persoane familiare care ofera
confort si protectieconfort si protectie
� Mentinerea proximitatii (cautarea ei si distres la separare)
� “Safe haven”
� “Secure base”
Modele de lucru interne (internal working models)
Atasamentul Mary Ainsworth: stiluri de atasament.
Ex. Ainsworth et al., 1978:
� Securizant (safe) – 60%
� Anxios/ambivalent – 15%
� Anxios/evitant – 25%
� Dezorganizat/dezorientat (Main & Solomon, 1990) –parinti cu tulburari mentale, parinti abuzivi
� Schimbare posibila? Bowlby:
- capacitatea de a reflecta asupra propriilor modele de lucru
- relatii care “corecteaza”
Atasamentul la adultTransferul atasamentului (Hazen & Shaver, 1994)
Parinte Peer
Nou-nascut proximitatesafe havensecure basesecure base
Copilarie timpurie safe haven proximitatesafe base
Copilarie tarzie secure base proximitateAdolescenta timpurie safe haven
Adult proximitatesafe haven secure base
Atasamentul la adult
Legatura de cuplu prototipica (Hazan & Shaver, 1994)
� Atasament
� Grija
� Componenta sexualaComponenta sexuala
Faza initiala (atractie) – mentinerea proximitatii
Relatie stabila – mentinerea proximitatii & safe haven
Angajament pe termen lung – mentinerea proximitatii, safe
haven, secure base
Atasamentul si iubirea romantica
� Prevalenta stilurilor de atasament este aproximativ
aceeasi in perioada adulta ca in copilarie
Ex. Hazan & Shaver (1987)Ex. Hazan & Shaver (1987)
N = 620, chestionar in ziar: 56% securizant; 25% evitant;
19% ambivalent;
N = 108 studenti: 56% securizant, 23 evitant;
20% ambivalent
Abordarea psihometrica
Teoria triarhica (Sternberg, 1988)
Componente ale iubirii:
1. Intimitate
Pasiune2. Pasiune
3. Decizie/Angajament
Abordarea psihometrica
Tipuri/stiluri de iubire (Lee, 1973; Hendrick &
Hendrick, 1986: Love attitude scale; LAS)
LAS
� EROS: My partner and I were attracted to each other � EROS: My partner and I were attracted to each other
immediately after we first met
� LUDUS: I try to keep my partner a little uncertain
about my commitment to him/her
� STORGE (PARTENERIAT): It is hard for me to say
exactly when our friendship turned into love.
Tipuri/stiluri de iubire
� PRAGMA: In choosing my partner, I believe it was
best to love someone with a similar background
� MANIA: When my partner does not pay attention to
me, I feel sick all overme, I feel sick all over
� AGAPE: I would rather suffer myself than let my
partner suffer
Abirdarea neuropsihologicaHelen Fisher (2004, 2006) – trei sisteme cerebrale implicate in
iubire: dorinta sexuala, atractie, atasament
� Semnificatie speciala
� Concentrare
� Posesie/Motivatie
� Obsesie – ganduri intruzive
� Craving (tanjire)
Reactii la respingere:
� Protest
� Resemnare/disperare,
Iubirea si stare de bine
� Hendrick & Hendrick (2000): N = 348 studenti
- persoanele indragostite –semnificativ mai fericite
- persoanele aflate intr-o relatie – semnificativ mai fericite
- corelatii pozitive intre fericire si:
(1) iubire pasionala (0.33)
(2) iubire de tip companionate (0.13)
(3) satisfactia in relatie (0.35)
Relatiile romantice in adolescenta
� Joiner & Udry (2000); N = 8181 adolescenti; studiulongitudinal – niveluri mai mari de depresie la cei care se angajau in relatii romantice comparativ cu cei care nu
Predictori ai “succesului”� Gotman et al.(1998) Predicting marital happiness and stability from
newlywed interactions, N= 130 cupluri recent casatorite:
1. Anger as a distructive emotion
2. The “four” horsemen: critica, defensivitate, resentimente(contempt), areactivitate (stonewalling)
3. Negative reciprocity and power (respingerea influentei femeii)
4. How conflict begins (female-demand/male-withdraw)
5. Active listening
6. De-escalation
7. Positive affect
8. Balance (5 interactiuni + la 1 negativa in cuplurile stabile vs. 0.8 la 1 in cuplurile cu probleme)
9. Physiological soothing of the male