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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

MFO KQUTFO[ovfarab ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 4

]rbmfff f `dfkafurf mfo @b ' [ptgob Ubtfh`r o Dfxbm //////////////////////// ;

[rdt`brab Ubtahuf hb T`gof///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 1

Fovftbtfa hb [gdrb @fh`r 24/51/452;///////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ' 41 5= 452;

=

Ma`braka Sfoarab

Gbra asta ` zf ma p`st f bjuo(kbra sa foa ku strfktaa ma t`fdfxmaoff'`aof( guhf phakbu hbtrluh sptgobh mfoOalratf'@b kah gbf gbra mfo

otral bouh ' paotru b cbkakugprturf ma Ubtf/ [akugprbu ma `dfkaf m`purf ma

pbfa paotru tfoarf( phrff mapsh paotru drdbf( `hurf maSbgb paotru oobf( hugorfpaotru pbsk f bhtaha/[gdtb Gbra arb ` zf o kbradrdbff f vamabu ma hukrrfhablrfk`ha fbr cagafha ckabupbsk mfo cbfo ma lruouhb/ Fo gfjh`kuh bhubtuhufsa puoab uo duhz .dukbt& madroz ma `bfa/ Btuokf paotrugbrab gbj`rftbta b `aofh`rpfoab ma lru arb ` mahfkbtas

kbra sa gokb m`br ma ktavb`rf pa bo( m`br hb gbrfha

srdt`rf( kkf pfoab kab ma t`bta zfhaha arb pftb ma ghbf f t`t maghbf arb vaofkb t`kbo .gghflb&/ Ubskb arb gpfstrft kug`tfva p`puhbra s`braha( cuofb( karkurf( ch`rf f obfota ma b cf dlbt

o kupt`r( arb uos ku lhdaou ma `u/Ab arb pus otr'` apu r`tuom/ Cfakbra l`sp`mfo `

gpfstrb mup pr`prfb fmaa ku lomuh s cfa uofkbt f s brbta dfoa/]`t o bkabst zfsa tbfa gfahuh o cfakbra l`sp`mrfa( sa ugpha f sacrfla o kupt`r otr'` apu gbf gbra sbu o m`u/ [a praltatazabgb ma gfah( k`ptturfha f d`bkaha paotru Zfub ma Ubtf/[cfoftuh pbtfh`r ok ma mfgfoab duo( knfbr o tfgpuh ovfarff( paougar`bsaha krrf bha sbtah`r ka mukabu spra dfsarfk r`fbu

`bgaoff gdrkbf o nbfoa bhda/ Mbk ou arb kbhm( drdbff gbfvrstofkf arbu( gdrkbf o sugboa sura( bhda sbu oalra( uoff knfbr fku kf`brakf( mbr tfoaratuh crofkf ` axkapfa arbu ougb o k`stugabhda ma poz/

Mfo cfakbra kbs kbpuh cbgfhfaf mukab hb scfoft pbskb bazbthb okaput otr'` cb`bfa .cb ma gbs& asut o tfbr rzd`f maasut& crug`s kusut f halbt o pbtru k`hurf( gbf trzfu o strbfgbra( bp`f o masblf o uhtfguh tfgp f bkug o k`brk gphatft mfooufaha bk`parft ku ` tarlt`bra .pr`s`p& crug`s `robt prfokusturf/

gprajuruh dfsarfkff sa bazbu pbtfha pa j`s( romurf 'romurf( uob hol bhtb/ Mup targfobrab hfturlnfaf( pra`tuh( mfbkuh(kotraff f t`t p`p`ruh faabu bcbr uoma okapab karag`ofbscfoftuhuf pbtfh`r/ Fk`bob huf Fsus arb purtbt ma m`f cakf`rf

gdrkbf c`brta crug`s( fbr fk`bob Gbfkff M`gouhuf arb purtbt mam`u cata ku kuouo gdrkbta bmasab o sugboa bhda( fbrprbp`raha arbu purtbta t`t ma cata f cakf`rf/Kom faab pra`tuh mfodfsarfk( drdbff f mazhalbu cb`bfaha ku pbskb f ocflabu o ab `hugobra bprfos/ Bhturf ma pbskb trbmff`obh( gbf arbu `u r`ff(uok( krobf( kb( kbroa ma gfah( k`ptturf( ufblb ma zfo `rf phfok/Ura`tuh kmahofb garlom pa cfakbra fr/Mup ` sarfa ma rulkfuof urgb mazhalbrab ma p`st f scfofrab

pr`prfu'zfs b pbtfh`r/Mup kug obfotb pra`tuh ku scfoftuh pbtfh`r( kaf ku pbtfha

majb scfofta strolabu hugorfha pa kbra ha hsbudfsarfkff f halbumfo o`u cbfkb( strbfb( masblff sbu bk`parabu k`sbrkb f culabu kupbtfha bkbs/

Culb ku pbtfha/ Mup ka pra`tuh b targfobt ma scfoft pbtfha f bravaoft hb gbsb hb kbra b sarvft sa buma zl`g`tuh surm( tr`p`taha

pfkf`brah`r drdbfh`r ka k`d`rbu o pbf bpsbf Mgduh Dfsarfkff kupbtfha pa ugarf/

o ktavb gfouta ou gbf vazf ofkf uo `g o juruh dfsarfkff fbrkrrfha sbtah`r rgo paotru uo kabs'm`u kb prsfta/ Culb kupbtfha arb uo spaktbk`h fotarasbot gbf ku sabg k mup bouh 26=5pa krrf sa g`otbu kbpkboa strofom rsuh cb ma kaf kbra kmabu

o aha/ Culb ku pbtfha bkbs arb p`roft ma c`bgab ma mup p`stuhma bpta sptgof/ S`fbu s bjuol kt gbf rapama bkbs s sa

ocrupta mfo gokbrab ma muhka/

Qomavb mapbrta o tfgp( bkast `dfkaf tradufa s'f bfd axphfkbfb huf/Kram k bkast `dfkaf s'b pstrbt ma pa vragab fovbzffh`r ttbrfh`r/@bgaoff sa bchbu hb dfsarfk( kom bu vaoft ttbrff f bu bprfos sbtuh/Btuokf cfakbra f'b hubt o spbta pbskb f b culft spra kbs( s gbfsbhvaza kavb mfo hukrurf o cbb c`kuhuf gfstuft`r/ Bp`f guht vragas'b krazut k kah kbra cula ku pbskb f bjuola prfguh bkbs sa vbkst`rf o bouh bkahb/ o laoarbh cul ku pbskb cakf`rff t`gobtfkf fcataha gbf dtroa/

o mup bgfbzb zfhaf ma Ubtf okap s vfo hb dfsarfk k`pfff(tfoarat f gbf trzfu bpr`bpa t`t p`p`ruh/ Cataha f cakf`rff o lrupurf

ok`oj`br dfsarfkb( sbu mup kug sa zfkab ovrtask t`bkb(ma`braka o zfub ma pbtf ou f sa zfkab dfsarfk kf t`bk/Btuokf sa mascurb kab gbf gbra pbrbm b p`rtuhuf p`puhbr kugs'br zfka bzf/ @ guhfga ma k`pff gdrkbf o knagaua huolf( kupruh rbtuomzbt mabsuprb sprokaoah`r f catfa o k`stugba o`u'o`ua bhda( kb spugb hbptahuf( c`rgbu uo mak`r vfu( ma t`btcrugusaab Bfkf kaf gfkf sa j`bk j`kurf ma k`pff( kaf gbrf j`bk trfpa h f ma'b kukff .uo cah ma `fo&/ f o zfhaha o`bstra sapstrabz bkasta `dfkafurf ku gfkf g`marofzrf/ Ku pbskb sa garlaku gbfob f prfotra nbfoaha `aoatf bpbr kaha gbf hb g`m nbfoamfo Aur`pb/ Zfhaha bkastab bg vfzftbt pa sd`faha .kr`ft`rasaha&Z`d Ahaob ' Hukb huf Uratt`r( L`rdb Ch`bra ' Ch`brab Knaomf f GbraBofkb olr`pbta o gbtarfbha paotru kusut bvom guhta k`gaozfpaotru zfub ma Ubtf/Mbouh okapa b m`ub zf ma Ubtf/

Nrfst`s b ovfbt"

Ur`c/ Sfmb Aha`o`brb Gbrfb

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1

[rdt`brab Ubtahuf hb T`gof

Fudftuhuf o`stru khar( kfouhuf g`obnbh f mrapt' kramfokf`fh`rkratfof( nbr( gfh f pbka ma hb Mugoazau ]bth( fbr ma hb o`f(prfotabsk dfoakuvotbra( Bmavrbt( bmavrbt zfk v`u:Kah kabskuht kuvotuh Gau h krama o Kah Kbra G'b trfgfs( bra vfbvaofk f hb jumakbt ou vb vaof( kf s'b gutbt mfo g`brta hb vfb($.Fo/ 1( 4=& Fudff cff mun`vofkatf( [ guhugfg Duouhuf Mugoazau

k oa'b ovramofkft f o bkast bo s strdbtag zfhaha U`stuhuf Gbra fs przoufg shvft ovfara b M`gouhuf o`stru hfsus Nrfst`s Astasrdt`brab dukurfaf kbra b kuprfos t`bta gbrlfofha pgotuhuf9 ouofvars sa masknfma ` o`u ar' Arb ovfarff/ ]`bta s'bu ugphut madukurfa( o kar f pa pgot9 po f'o bmokuh fbmuhuf ( b ptruosvastab ovfarff huf Nrfst`s' ovfarab o`bstr/ Bkug( ]bth b masknfsufha Tbfuhuf s vfo pa drbuh [u t`f kaf ka bu stbt po bzf ougdrb g`rff/ Uo bstzf( cfff [f trfbu mapbrta ma Ah( o bmokr`dfa/ Uaotru bkabst zf( ]bth b praltft paotru cfff [f ` gbra Kfo(Gfahuh ma jartc cffom Cfuh [u Kah Qouh' Oskut( otrupbt hb phfofrabvragff mfo Cakf`brb Gbrfb/Ma bzf( ]bth o`stru Kah Karask ou gbfasta trfst( kkf cfff [f s'bu ot`rs bkbs( hb souh [u kah prfotask/Bs`sft zfub ot`brkarff o`bstra mfo tfgp o vaofkfa( ma hb murara hb

carfkfra9 ma bkaab ravaofg o cfakbra mugofk hb scotb dfsarfk : soa ot`brkag hb ]bth o`stru Kah Karask/ Kom Nrfst`s gurab paKruka( o`f fotrbg o vaofkfaf btuokf bg ktflbt mraptuh hb carfkfra/Urzoufg bzf Ubtaha .adr/ Uasbkn&( srdt`bra mfvfo( kuvot ka

osabgo o lrbfuh o`stru r`goask trakara$9 kuvotuh axprfg `stbra mfobgfk( ou fgphfk f ` stbra ma `prfra( kkf `guh asta garau

o trakara( f sa bpr`pfa t`t gbf guht ma shbvb huf Mugoazau/ o Tbfou sa `mfnoata( kf `guh asta otr'` vaofk trakara( otr'uo vaofkUbta spra Mugoazau/ Btt `guh kt f olarff huf Mugoazau trfaskuo vaofk Ubta( bmfk ` vaofk dukurfa ka ` m`domask bpr`pffomu'sa ma shbvb [cfotaf ]rafgf' fudfrab masvrft/Bkast prbzofk

gprtask f bra s`rlfotab o trakarab ma hb g`brta hb vfbt bM`gouhuf o`stru hfsus Nrfst`s/ Bzf przoufg Ubtaha M`gouhuf( mbrpbtfha o`bstra( bha `guhuf( kom suot( kom okap aha0Fudff crbf( pbtfha o`bstra okap hb D`taz f ma btuokf( kratfouhd`tazbt o ougaha [cfotaf ]rafgf' Mugoazau trfata uo pbta(

trakom prfo bkabst vfb pgotabsk spra Kar( spra gprfbdukurfaf huf Mugoazau/

Nrfst`s oa'b hsbt f o`u mfo dukurfb prbzofkuhuf [u' UbtahaM`gouhuf

Sfbb o`bstr asta ` pargboaot trakara( uo pargboaot pbta( mbrspra ka trakag( spra ka oa omraptg( spra Tbf sbu spra bmokuh

Fbmuhuf0" ]rfg o`f o cfakbra zf dukurfb trakarff spra Nrfst`sM`gouh0"

Fudff crbf( ok sa traka spra Mugoazau( ok p`brtb Tbfuhuf astamasknfs( ok ]bth bra drbaha masknfsa f paotru tfoa9 ou ta `prfmfo gbrab trakara( mfo pbtaha tu spra Mugoazau"Crbf kratfof( spuoag garau k b trakut vfbb kb uo vfs/ Sfbb osou asta uo vfs( kf a trfra o Nrfst`s/]rakag mfo vfbb bkabstb hb ` rabhftbta bds`hut o`u/ ovfarabM`gouhuf asta ` o`utbta bds`hut o `parb ma gotufra b `guhuf( bkrabfaf [bha/,Fgphfkbffha ovfarff M`gouhuf o krabfa suot gbj`ra( rastburom t`tka arb kzut/ Oa bmukag bgfota bkug( o bkabst o`bpta pbskbh(ma/ `g`rrab g`rff( scrgbrab fbmuhuf f okaputuh bhtaf vfaf'

vaofka/Urzoufg dfrufob huf Nrfst`s bsuprb g`rff9 ma bzf( vfbb ou vb gbfputab cf ovfos ma g`brta/ Kom h'b krabt Mugoazau pa `g( b smft

o ah sgob vfaff vaofka/Bmbg o'b gurft ofkf`mbt( kf m`br pkbtuh b maspfkbt o m`u robma suchat/ o bmok ( ah suspfob mup bkab zf ma Ubta( s p`bt trakamfo bmokuh murarff o bmokuh kah gbf sus bh dukurfaf pa drbuh kahfartt`r f fudft`r bh ]bthuf Karask/Carfka ma `guh kbra( o pbtaha huf( ou vb traka prfo bmokuh murarff fbh suspfoah`r"

[ oa hsg( crf`r( trakuf ma Nrfst`s hb ]bth( s ugdhggarau pa krbrab pa kbra ugdh f Ah( krbrab Dfsarfkff( pa kbra b

otagafbt'` pa Krukab L`hl`taf/ Krbrab Dfsarfkff huf Nrfst`s astakrbrab jartcaf( kbra paotru uoff mfotra kratfof b osagobt dbtj`kur(knfourf( ugfhfoa( oknfs`rf/

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3

Urfo bkasta h`kurf f strf b trakut f Nrfst`s( mbr ou ha'bdhastagbt( kf ha'b dfoakuvotbt9 b dfoakuvotbt f b golfbt knfbr fkom arb pa Kruka/ otradbf'f pa kaf ka bu patrakut Ubtaha o

oknfs`rf( kug b trakut f pa hb af Nrfst`s/Ah tfa f mruguh dfsarfkff f bh tagofaf/ Ah traka otf prfo

tagof f bp`f vfoa s [a jartcabsk pa bhtbruh dfsarfkff strduoa/oahaptuh [`h`g`o spuoa: Mugoazau ou b ckut g`brtab

f ou [a dukur ma,pfafrab kah`r vff/ Ah b zfmft t`bta hukrurfha spravfb/ $ .oahapkfuoab huf [`h`g`o 2(2;'2=&/

Mugoazau ou b krabt g`brtab( kf asta phbtb pkbtuhuf,. T`gbof 3( 4;&

Kug s kraaza Mugoazau ` aotftbta kbra s 'h mfstrulkrabfb dukurfaf [bha 0" G`brtab asta ` ar`bra b vfaff `guhuf

ovfarab ' ` dfrufo b Sfaff bsuprb g`rff purtbt ma Nrfst`s paKruka/

Ou uo g`rgot nfp`lafk asta kbsb vaofkfaf `guhuf/G`brtab asta btaa( asta strfo ma Mugoazau/ Kug tfgpuh

ou p`bta ukfma ataroftbtab( t`t bb o'b hsbt Mugoazau kb g`brtabs puo stpofra vaofk pa `g/

Mup ovfarab huf Nrfst`s( g`brtab ou'h gbf puoa pa `g ohbourf( kf f masknfma ub spra gbrab trakara( spra vaofkb trakara(spra vaofkuh pbta bh `guhuf( spra k`otagphbrab f prtfb mfo

masvrftb fudfra b Urabscotaf ]rafgf/ Fudfta crbta( kah ka atfsfolur o kbsbtb( prsft ma bf tf( ma vaf vamab k au( pkt`suh( ou'f trak prbluh kbsaf( ou mazomjmuf( k( uoma ou bjuol au( vfoaoa`d`sftuh Nrfst`s/

Ah ou ta hbs ofkf`mbt sfolur( kkf fudfrab Huf cr gbrlfof ou f'`ravbrs o h`k pustfu( kf fo fofgfha `bgaofh`r/

Ma guhta `rf zfkf: stbu hb gbs sfolur f'gf um dukbtb mapfoa ku hbkrfgfha gaha/ Ou( ou atf sfolur( Nrfst`s st ku tfoa/ Ahasta bspataha tu( @bspata Karask/

Ka gbra kfosta s'H bf pa Nrfst`s hb srbkb tb kfo( kkfNrfst`s ou st ofkf`mbt sfolur hb Kfo/ Nrfst`s f lrfata otr'`hfgd cr kuvfota( f lrfata mfo fudfra( kkf fudfrab asta ` hfgdcr kuvfota/

Crbfh`r( oa phol bzf f cotofha9 `bra oa 'b prsftMugoazau0

M`bgoa( gbf vbrs ` hbkrfg o cotob oabguhuf o`stru( sou pfarfg o sakatb oafudfrff bpr`bpahuf o`stru/tfg os kt ma putarofk asta halturb fudfrff mfotra Mugoazau f`g9 bkabstb o'b putut s'` rup ofkf knfbr pkbtuh `guhuf/Huf Nrfst`s(pa Kruka( ou h'b dtut kufa o pbhg uo olar( kf uo `g/ Nrfst`s o'bc`st rstfloft pa kruka ma olarf( kf ma `bgaof9 ma bkaab ovfarabasta ` dukurfa trblfk Kufaha ou H'bu `prft pa Nrfst`s s'f fudabsk

ofkf pa kaf mfo fbm/ Qrf fbmuh( mbr fudff' f f pa kaf mfo ah/ Mugoazauou m`rata s oa axfhaza mfok`h` ma uofvars ( kf m`rata s oa axfhaza

o fudfrab [b/ Nrfst`s ou mavfoa prfo rstflofrab [b uo ar`u bhfst`rfaf/ Ah ou asta ar`uh ma pa L`hl`tb( Ah asta Mugoazau

Bt`tputarofk( Kah Ka ktfl `rfka dthfa o uofvars/ @rfkfoa sa huptku Mugoazau vb pfarma/

@ vfb cr Kruka asta kb ` k`rbdfa cr krg/Nrfst`s ['b jartcft pa L`hl`tb f paotru thnbr( ['b jartcft f

paotru gfoa f paotru tfoa/ Nrfst`s b gurft sud p`vbrb Krukff( `guhg`bra bzf sud p`vbrb hfdartff/ ]fgpuh sa taga ma pfrbgfma( os`guh ovfola tfgpuh prfo ovfarab huf Nrfst`s/Kfostff prfof( kuvf`bsa gbfkf( fudff crbf f sur`rf mfo ApbrnfbGuofh`r( Dukurfb M`gouhuf o`stru hfsus Nrfst`s kbra oa'b kuprfos

pa kaf ka suotag bkug o scotb dfsarfk( bkabstb s'f kuprfom f pat`f mfo cbgfhffha crffh`r v`bstra( pa kaf d`hobvf f pa kaf mfo

oknfs`rf/S m`rask( ku prfotabsk mrbl`sta( s patrakaf o pbka( ku

sotbta f masvrft dukurfa Urbzofkuh [cfotah`r Ubtf M`bgoa( aubg rgbs sfolur f o'bg g`rgot( mbr r`lu' g fa( olr`bp'g fpa gfoa r`duh ]u' h`bo' o ovfara" f bkug( hb ,scrftuh bkastafskrfs`rf pbst`rbha( v sbhut ku sbhutbra scot:

Dukurbf'v"Nrfsf`s b ovfbt"

Bh v`stru( bh tutur`r( ma t`t dfoaha v`ft`r(

) F@BO [AHAJABOAUF[K@UQH K@SB[OAF F NBTLNF]AF

7/30/2019 Revista Roua Cerului nr. 8

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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

' 41 5= 452;

>

Kom ` dau ku ufblb"urb'f( urb'f( urb'f"urb'f( urb'f( urb'f"Unrutu'f kt uo kuf(Kom h puf hb lur ou'f"brb'f( urb'f( urb'f"

]raptbt `spuh sa okfola( hfgdfha sa mazhabl otruhbumb dukbtah`r f b k`gasaofh`r( v`fb duo sa ravbrsoastojaoft/ Mfo ugdrb cbluhuf( `rf krbt pa ` krabolstbcu`bs( katarbuh sguhla puzmarfa ma purfturf f gdfafrazfstfdfh hb lf`k/ Hb okaput sa p`roask kaf gbf k`k`af(pa kbra cataha f bvartfzabz uluft:

B( b hbhb hb"

@rf g lf`bk( `rf g hbs(@'gf m pb, s grl bkbs"B( b hbhb hb"

B( b hbhb hb"

@rf g lf`bk lf`kuhuf(@'gf mb pb, c`kuhuf"

B( b hbhb hb"

Ou traka oa`dsarvbt ofgfk( o brsaobhuh n`rft`rfh`r sa lsatav`rdb p`trfvft paotru cfakbra( sa phtask mazfov`ht f pbofk vaknfsbu gbf o`f p`hfa:

Nbf gf( hbhb( hbhb( hb"Bg uo goru kt uo fam(Kom g muk pfo fbrd'h pfarm"Nbf gf( hbhb( hbhb( hb"Nbf gf( hbhb( hbhb( hb"Mb, h'`f puoa'o p`mf`r([ h'`f nrof ku lr`tf`r(Ma pa cuomu `hfh`r"

Nbf gf( hbhb( hbhb( hb"Nbf gf( hbhb( hbhb( hb"f gomrb s'b humbt(K,b faf d`bka ou's o sbt([ ` grs bhtb ku gbf duoa([ bg gokbt ttf b gofouoa"Nbf gf( hbhb( hbhb( hb"

[knfgduh ma raphfkf ou k`otaoata( ah kuprfoma uo hbrlmfbpbz`o bparkaptfv f bcaktfv o kbra fgpr`vfzbfb a hb h`k ma kfosta/

Fotrbrab o mbo b dtrofh`r( kaf lrau ma uroft mb gbf lrau ma`prft( sa os`ata ma ` rak`oc`rtbot rsk`hfra b bgfotfrfh`r mauoma sa axkbvabz k`g`rf p`atfka bpr`bpa uftbta/

f vasahfb k`otfou o kraskaom`( po hb osarbt( mup kbrasgdrbff sa ratrbl o phkurf( mbr cbrlrbd( `prfomu'sa f kfostfomu'sa garau/ Masprfrab sa cbka boav`fa( suot bttab hukrurf ma spus hb

bkah kabs ma oaotrakut v`fa duo/

Bu rgbs hb sto m`br pkurbrff ' kf`dboff ' t`goff pohb kmarab zpazff/ Guokb h`r okapa ma gfoa( bu ma mbtpr`mukfa/ ['b oknafbt uo bhas ` sgdr( uob mfo kaha ktavb mfotr'uo bo( uob mfo aha ktavb zakf ma gff bha fst`rfaf `aoatf/ ok oKr`ofkb huf Lrfl`ra Qrakna( kab kuo`skut o`u prfo varsfuoab huf[fgf`o Mbskhuh( maprasfuoab bkabstb oskut o prafst`rfa mfok`ovuhsff vuhkbofka cu kuo`skut sud ougaha ma brb @buhuf/

Kta oabgurf bu trakut pa bfkf( uoaha lrdfta( bhtaha kulomuh ma r`stufra f stpofra( t`bta f'bu lsft garau pa `aof bfkf(bskuof hb vraga ma rastrfta sud kabrkouh varma bh pmurff( obduruh pkh`s bh guotahuf mfo duzb `lrzff mbr garau stbt`rofkf f

oagdhozff/Urfotra rfturfha okaputuhuf ma huga s'b ocfrfpbt f kah kbra

kahadrabz fafrab `fh`r hb puobt kbra ` cf bvom o bmokuh vragfh`ruo kbrbktar gfstfk( sudhfgbt bp`f o g`m prblgbtfk otr'uo cah maavbhubra b turgah`r/

Mfo tfgpurf kbra o fst`rfa ou sa skrfu ku kfcraha bofh`r( b vaoftospra o`f ` mbtfo fospfrbt ma g`gaotuh fafrff `fh`r hb puobt(kbra b mavaoft kab gbf spaktbkuh`bs srdt`bra kgpaoabsk b

tutur`r `aofh`r f bouga [gdrb `fh`r kbra sa foa o b m`ubmugfofk mfo huob gbf hb Nutb'Kartaza/

Bfkf hb Nutb'Kartaza( pa uo urfb pfotao ma kh`r`cfh( sabmuo o prbl ma gbf otrablb `aofga f zakf ma gff ma `bspaf mfobr/

Ma bfkf( mfo bpr`pfarab krastaf ka maspbrta kaha m`umfstfokta fouturf f vatra c`hkh`rfka otrablb pbo`rbg b rff@buhuf f sa masknfma gdfat`r: kuprfozf mfotr' ` r`tfra uolnarahatbfofka f vrtazfurfha vrjfta bha sk`fkff varzf ' `dkfoaha Dfxbmuhuf fmabhurfha `omuhbta bha Kgrzboaf( po hb omaprtbtb ]brob Gbra(asurfha bmugdrfta ma pa ]ur( ]bhgb f Haknfokf`brb( po hbKhfoatf f Lnarb( k`hfoaha haoaa f vluofha ugdr`bsa po hb]ur f D`t`rkf/

S fovftg f btaptg pa mbtb ma 24 gbf 452; hb sardbrabkgpaoabsk [gdrb @fh`r o k`guob Kartaza( jumauh [btuGbra/

Gamfk vatarfobr Ha`otfo Khfo U`p

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6

KNFUQH GO]QF]@TQHQF FF[Q[ NTF[]@[ O LOMFTAB HQF GFNBF AGFOA[KQCfakbra pars`obhftbta f

p`brt f ravahabz(ma`p`trfv( uofkftbtab omfbh`luh ku tfgpuh su fcuombgaotbh( o k`guofkbrab(

otr'uo g`m pr`prfu( ku$Bds`hutuh( ku Mugoazau( kuvbh`rfha f tagaha supraga bhaaxfstaoaf( kbra mbuk`otffoaf o`bstra ugboa fvfaff uo saos/

Gfnbf Agfoasku b

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saosfdfh f rakaptfv hbpr`mflf`bsb agfsfa ma fmaf mfo

vragab sb 'cfh`s`cfka(

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trfgfta ku lomuh hbaokfkh`pamfsguh Taobtarff fparf`bmah`r ka f'bu urgbt( ou s'b cfobhfzbt ofkf pa mapbrta( otr'uo cah ma akhaktfsg sbu sfokratfsg/

Ku putarab laofuhuf su b bsfgfhbt fmafha f vbh`rfha ap`kff(kb f kaha bha trakutuhuf( b surprfos asaob( pbrtab ma bmavr mfocfakbra f ha'b tazburfzbt o vfstarfb fofgff f b kulatuhuf su/

okt( bkast `g maphfo bh kuhturff r`goatf oa pbra botruknfpb f ah ` fgblfoa mfo kuvfotaha Gotuft`ruhuf( ckomu'sa bsagaoab `guhuf l`sp`mbr kbra sk`bta mfo vfstarfb sb ( o`ff vaknf .Gbtaf 2;( 14&/ Mfo vfstarfb pa kbra b bl`ofsft'` o boff

ma hfkau f stumaofa f o t`f boff vfaff sbha( GfnbfAgfoasku s'b strmuft ku nbr f prfo`s( omagoom: Ka a ru fka a dfoa ]u ta'otrabd f s`k`bta( pstrom ka a duo/Asta ma hb sfoa oahas k o c`rgbrab huf s 'bu otraptruos gbfguhta fochuaoa kbra f'bu gbrkbt o g`m spakfcfk otrablblomfra f krabfa/ otra bkastab f o k`os`obo ku Zaftlafst'uh

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Ma bkabstb b c`st k`otfaot f p`atuh btuokf kom o`tb pauob mfo pblfofha kbfatah`r sbha( k Mbkfb b c`st k`h`ofzbt makratfof/ Gbf guht( o dfdhf`takb sb s'bu bchbt pa hol [cotb[krfptur( prakug o`tabz Bhaxbomru Ahfbo f `para bha scfofh`rSbsfha kah Gbra( Lrfl`ra ]a`h`luh( Acrag fruh(Carfkftuh Bulustfo(h`bo Mbgbsknfo( Ofk`mfg Blnf`rftuh /b/ otr'uo k`osfstaotstumfu bprut ma kurom( Ur`cas`ruh Sfrlfh Komab( p`rofom ma hb

sulastffha prazaota fo k`gaotbrffha huf Bh/ Ahfbo f C/ Krau(

ocfabz laoar`s kug GfnbfAgfoasku( gd`lfomu'sa prfohakturb uo`r krf scfota b ckut strbospbr fmaf f fgblfof o p`azfbsb/ Bstcah( fospfrbt ma hukrbrab

Kbrta sctuft`bra paotru pzfrabkah`r kfokf sfgurf b huf Ofk`mfg mahb Btn`s( p`atuh b zgfshft varsurf(kr`rb bhf k`gaotbt`rf( gbf pufofoc`rgbf( ha'bu lsft fzv`r fsagofcfkbff ma bht obtur/Bsagaoab orumfrf f orurfrf halsfg o p`aga kb: Uaotru pzfrabbuzuhuf( Khfo Kom ta'bgvzut Saraob*///)( Lah`zfa( uoma

othofg targaof f axprasffk`guoa: ohukfra( fm`h(

gptfgfra( gpfatrft kgbbtrfstaf foagf( `knff( cakf`bra

oknfsa o kgrf( okparfha

lomfrff( sbu g`tfvuh huf Obrkfs op`rtratuh cataf ma gprbt

o bht pbrta( varsuh B `knfh`rprfvfra kb gob cr ma trup .Gs/44

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2 Fuofa Zfub gfrfcfk b k pfhuhuf

K@UFHTFB ' ST[]B FO@KAOAF

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oknalbrab uo`r kbhftf g`rbha f hb bkuguhbrab kah`r gbfahagaotbra maprfomarf ma k`gp`rtbgaot/ Urfofh`r ha ravfoa r`huhasaofbh o kratarab k`pffh`r( bsfluromu'ha bkast`rb ou ougbfaxfstaob gbtarfbh( kt f uo khfgbt cbgfhfbh bcaktfv f g`rbh/ Bkbstradufa s kraaza uo gamfu ma okramara( aknfhfdrbt( o kbra k`pfhuhs sa gbofcasta oaolrmft fbr o rahbfb ku k`bhb p`t k`hbd`rb kubhf gagdrff bf k`guoftff k`hbra paotru b krab uo khfgbt kbrasprfjfo ovbrab( btt o k`bh kt f o bcbrb af/

Amukbfb g`rbh'kfvfk mfspuoa ma uo tarao pr`pfka paotrugphfofrab af acfkbka ok ma hb vrstb prak`hbr/ o cbgfhfa sac`rgabz kaha gbf fgp`rtbota maprfomarf ma k`gp`rtbgaot:raspaktuh( p`hftaab( kfostab( sfokarftbtab( makaob o v`rdfra fbtftumfof( rmfoab( kugptbrab( lrfjb cb ma hukrurfha okramfobta/ orabhfzbrab bkast`r sbrkfof( g`mahuh pbraotbh bjut kah gbf guht/Ur`cfhuh g`rbh ou asta ougbf uo cbkt`r ma k`okaotrbra b tutur`r

fochuaoah`r amukbtfva kbra sa axarkft bsuprb k`pffh`r( kf f c`rb

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s cfa uob ma gfjh`k: s ou'h bjuta prab guht pa k`pfh( mbr ofkf s ousa fotarasaza mah`k ma razuhtbtaha bkastufb/

o kbmruh cbgfhfaf k`pfhuh f osuata hfgdbjuh/ S`huguh(

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[pbfuh s`kfbh ugbo asta purtt`r bh uo`r guhtfpha vfrtufc`rgbtfva o ugbofzbrab f s`kfbhfzbrab k`pfhuhuf/ Ah `car mfcarftatfpurf ma fochuaoa f g`maha p`zftfva kbra k`otrfdufa hbfotarf`rfzbrab bougft`r o`rga( raluhf f vbh`rf g`rbha( pr`kasstfguhbt f ma oav`fb cfrabsk b k`pfhuhuf paotru bcakfuoa( bpr`dbraf k`osaos ' o rbp`rt ku bgdfbob s`kfbh/ Bkabstb matargfo `gbra putara ma bds`rdfa b axparfaoah`r f g`mahah`r psfn`'g`rbhaku kbra bkastb sa k`ocruot/

K`pfhuh tradufa s sfgt fudfrab pa kbra prfoff f '` p`brt(

mbr asta oakasbr s tfa k ou'f v`r olmuf `rfka kbprfkfu/ K`pfhuhbsfgfhabz sfstaga ma raluhf( o`rga f vbh`rf( pr`g`vbta obgdfbob s`kfbh fgamfbt(bjuol om hb uo k`m g`rbhpars`obh ' pa kbra ah f'hc`rgabz prfo bmarbra hbfmabhurfha f g`mahaha g`rbhap`zftfva .o c`rga bkkasfdfha huf&f pa kbra ha vb rasfgf bcaktfv kbpr`prff bspfrbff sbu m`rfoa fozufoa ma rabhfzbra/ Ah samask`par pa sfoa ku bmavrbt(ou btt o gfkr`uofvarsuh

cbgfhfaf sbu o mascurrfha sbhas`hftbra( kt o uofvarsuh rabh bhk`pfhrfaf( o kbmruh k`haktfvftffma k`pff/

Ozufob f dukurfb huf rabh ma bsa bchb o gfjh`kuh lrupurfh`r mak`pff p`t k`ostftuf uo sfgpt`g

bh cbptuhuf k uoaha mfo vbh`rfhama pra o uofvarsuh k`pfhrfaf hak`ostftufa f k`guofkbrab fotarugbo( prfataofb( k`hbd`rbrab( osfprazaob o gfjh`kuh lrupurfh`r ma k`pff/

Amukbfb rspuoma btt kararff s`kfbha( kt f oav`fh`r f

bspfrbffh`r fomfvfmubha/ Urasupuoa ahfdarbra ma aoarlffh`r huotrfka(prfo gphfofrab brg`of`bs f krabt`bra( b fosakurftff( focarf`rftfff mapaomaoaf pa kbra ha p`bta sfgf cffob ugbo otr '` s`kfatbtabchbt otr'` k`otfou sknfgdbra/ Cfakbra k`pfh sa ma`sadata makafhbhf( o prfguh rom prfo kbrbktaruh su/ o k`okhuzfa mbk kaham`u gamff amukbf`obha ' k`bhb f cbgfhfb ' sa k`gphatabz f sasusfo( aha bsflur otr'` gbra gsur duob fotalrbra b k`pfhuhuf obktfvftbtab k`hbr f pa phbo laoarbh o vfbb s`kfbh/

Sf`hatb Khfgfota

k`bhb ku khbsaha F'SFF2 Qmb( k`guob ]truf( jum/ hbf

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UTFGSBTB K@UFHTFAF

Mbk f phbka s vfsazf( osabgo kbf pstrbt kavb mfo cbrgakuh k`pfhrfaf( spuoauo vaknf pr`vard pa kbra au h'bg bmbptbt pa

fkf( pa k`h`/

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Mb( a bmavrbt( `bgaoff suot kb oftastaha/ Cfakbra bra k`huh huf spakfbh hugfobt(mbr o cfakbra o`bpta f m`rata sstrhukabsk gbf spaktbkuh`s makt bstruho`kturo( huob/ Bb suotag o`f///( garauoaguhugff( sparfbf f fok`osakvaof po fku spfrftuh o`stru/ Oa m`rfg s mavaofg

bmuhf( bp`f culfg maz`rfaotbf f k`ocuzf mavrstb gbturftff/ Ka dfoa k putag vfsb" Bb

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otuoarfk( ot`tmabuob oaspus ma o`u(pr`bspt f uhuft`bra/

Au kram k Mugoazau( prfo k`pfhrfa(oa'b mruft knfbr fofgb huf: pur( saosfdfh(

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srdt`ratf: mfo ab s'bu sarvft t`t cahuh maduotf/ Bp`f( rftubhuh sarvfrff vfouhuf cfart kusk`rf`br f crlazfgab k`z`obkuhuf arbu `mahaktbra paotru sfgurf/

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[ trfg( makf( axudarbof f vfrtu`fpaotru k vfbb a ` gfouoa( ` j`bk ma k`pff(` patbh crblam sbu uo vfs supard pa `pfktur ma r`u/ [ fovftg( bbmbr(

Urfgvbrb ku ralbhuh af s p`p`sabsk mfoo`u pasta huga( fbr kotakuh af srdt`rasks pfkura pasta tfoa( kftft`ruha( uo str`p macbotazfa( gblfa( ravarfa( mbr f dukurfa/

Ou gbf stb pa lomurf( omrzoata ssparf" Ma cfakbra mbt kom k`pfhrfb f dbtadfoav`ft`bra hb p`brtb suchatuhuf( masknfma'f

f p`ctata'` ouotru/ Ou gbf stb pa lomurf(f o`rff sa v`r rfsfpf"

Bstcah( k`otabz ka bougatrbosgftag bcaktfv k`pfhuhuf o`stru prfo:

t`obhftbtab v`kff( stbrab bcaktfv( hfgdbjuhk`rp`rbh/ Mbk uo k`pfh lraata( asta

fgp`rtbot kb prfotaha s lsabsk uo t`op`trfvft ma b'f axphfkb( cr s'h jfloabsk sbus'f gfofgbhfzaza ac`rturfha ckuta ma ah pobtuokf/

Hb cfakbra g`gaot suotag ` k`ostahbfa mag`tfva kbra lrbvftabz o juruh uouf sk`p fkbra rabhfzabz masknfmarab spra kuo`btara(spra ` gbf duo k`guofkbra/ ok mfok`pfhrfa oa k`oturg( g`mbhftbtab ma bvamab hukrurfha( ma b v`rdf( ma b krab( ma b cf(

ma b makfma/ Ma bsagaoab( t`t mfo parf`bmb

k`pfhrfaf sa k`ostrufata f sa k`os`hfmabztraptbt stfgb ma sfoa/

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k`pfhuh sa vama pa sfoa/ Kbpbkftbtab k`pfhuhuf

ma b rabhfzb kavb prfo c`ra pr`prff(okramarab k p`bta cfobhfzb uo hukru sfolur

suot prfgff pbf spra fomapaomao( sprakuo`btarab ma sfoa/ Hfpsb kuo`btarff masfoa f ma okramara o pr`prffha kbpbkftf(k`omuk hb fobkfuoa f fgphfkft hb aak/ Btuokfkom lrafg cb ma k`pfh tradufa srakuo`btag( cffomk asta fgp`rtbot s sfgtgfrbk`huh fartrff/ Urfo putarab olmufoaf(t`harbob but`rftff( fgpbrfbhftbtabaknftbdfhftff( rasp`osbdfhftbtab hfdartff sbub fomapaomaoaf( chaxfdfhftbtab raluhff(k`pfhuh vb m`domf kbpbkftbtab ma bmfskrfgfob otra dfoa f ru( vb mavaofrasp`osbdfh f fomapaomaot( mazv`htomu'f

bdfhftf f k`gpataoa asaofbha vfaff mabmuht/

[tolu Bmrfbob Ofk`hatbLfgobzfuh ma [tbt Gfr`o Oablu [flnf`brb( jum/ Gura

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['f sfgt suchbrab vfa

G sfgt mfo o`u omrl`stft(o hugab bstb vaofk trfst///]u( M`bgoa dfoa g kuvotf ou g muka o fspft/

Gf'a suchatuh o murara lrau(Ma pbtfg f'o m`r///f g t`t r`l huf MugoazauUa pfaptu tu s g`r/

[bu ma'f prab futa s ravfo[ gbf trfask ` vfb//Mbr suot stuh s suspfo(

o z`rf ma mfgfoab/

]rakur lrau bttab o`pf(Oacffom tu hol gfoa///Kom [`bra rstfloata'o p`rfM`br phosat f suspfoa/

]a vrabu hb pfaptu'omurarbt

[ sfgt suchbrab vfa//

f ku'o srut `rf ku'o `ctbt(@ cf//ka'` s gbf cfa///

Bg t`t vfsbt k tu ` s cff(Fudfrab vfaff gaha///]u kah gbf muhka mfotra cff(

]u kah duo mfotra raha/

Sazf tu( bkug( k ofkf ou karUrab guhta ma hb tfoa///

Fbr suchatu gf a stfolnar(o o`bptab kbra vfoa/

B vrab d`d`k oagd`d`kft([ ta'bgfr`s ` o`bptaf lomu'gf nuhpbvrvft['h pfarmag prfotra `bpta/

f s bm`rgfg bp`f kugfof[ud r`ub o`pff dhom(Ua pfaptu'f kb otr'uo Tbf ku scfof[ud z`rf ka oa fouom/

Gfrahb Dbrdu

Mbofb nrfs`vuhuf gau

Nrfs`bva vaknf uftbta prfo uolnara

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S spuo s tffkkf nrfs`vuh gauskrfs sud hugfob

chkrfh`r gostfrff Brlauhufp`brt pakatab vaofkfaf

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spuo jartcft`rff oabmavruhufprfo fgourfha ma hbumsk`bsa ma nbrpnb ku kaha zaka k`brma

maspra gofb M`gouhuf bsuprb huf Dahfbhf ofkf chcftuh stablurfh`r bmuorfffoskrfpf`obta tbhgumfk]rfdurfha huf Mugoazau( ]bdaraha M`gouhuf

Cbgfhffha M`gouhuf( Takruff M`gouhuff ofkf Tzd`fuh M`gouhufMugofb huf MugoazauFzdvfrab M`gouhufTsphbtb M`gouhufGrafb M`gouhufOfgfkfrab prfo M`gouh

b tutur`r oabgurfh`r oatradofka

kkf t`bta suot m`br dhbscagfff ou fo ma fudfrab huf Mugoazaupaotru `gaofra

Mbofb nrfs`vuhuf gau asta s fudffbpr`bpaha v`stru fbr kah`r ka ru v cbks ha cbkaf dfoa ' kkf ougbf bbvaf cf phkufo cbb huf Mugoazaufzdvft`ruh Mugoazauh oabgurfh`rvaofkuh vfu Mugoazaubkastb asta nrfs`vuh fmbofb oahapkfuoffHuf paotru v`f/

T`xbob Sbk

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2;

Ff skrfu mfo Tagasfbs( mfo foutuh ku zgaurf crblf( ku vfpara f ppmff///Ff skrfu

ku trfstaab f sfolurtbtab pa knfp(ku uo lnfgpa ma trbombcfr o fofg(ku lnfbrb vuhturuhuf kbra'gf scfa trupuh(ku bgfotfrfha kbra g dotufa(

f skrfu ku tkarfha tbha( pa kbra m`br bzf ha'oahal(f skrfu ku malataha f dtturfhra mfo pbhgaha tbha(ku laouoknff f ugarff tfpa kbra f bzf f srut ku lomuh f raspfrbfb(

f skrfu ku zpazfha mfo pustb uolbr((ku mrugurfha f kuvfotaha rtkftaotra ` othofra f `ravamara

hb ktavb bo`tfgpurf ma kar f ma kotak(ku maprtrfha kbra bu kraskut ma hb ` zf hb bhtbpo bu mavaoft masprfrf f half oagfh`bsa(

f skrfu ku saotfgaotaha gaha ckuta omrf(ku oaduofb o pugof f ku g`brtab o suchat(

f skrfu ku t`bt cffob knfrkfomu'sahol murarfha f sucarfoaha hugffkb uo kfoa kramfokf`s pa g`rgotuh stpouhuf( mbrgbf bhas gbf bhas

cffomk lomfomu'gf'ta f bgfotfomu'gf'tasfgt k okapa s g zlumufaphosuhf rsuhf rsu'phosuf///

f skrfu( bbmbr///mbr ofkf au ou tfu ma ka'f skrfu///p`bta cffomk btt gf'b rgbsp`bta cffomk mfo bkabst kaouou pbsrab Un`aofx( kf Urfvflnat`brab raobta///sbu(p`bta( cffomk bb b c`st s cfa

ka o'b c`st vra`mbt s cfa////

4/

o saptagdrfa('otr'` zf(ma mugfofk hhfag'otradbg ma'` cf s cfama hb kratat hb khkfatrupuh tu sg gdfaku'bgfr`s ma fbs`gfa

Arbf vasah f ufaf pa trupu'f ma lutufama muhkab f ma gfarabruokbg prfvfrf ma c`k

ma rk`bra f'ovfaraf maskotak ma o`r`k

Fbr tu( hbkrfg f stab(f phakbf labob scf`bspasta'uo d`d ma paruzab

ku pbrcug ma knfpbr`bsmbr k`bpsb f brmabf lurfb'f m`l`rab

Fbr zuhucff ma'bur pur

pasta lh`dff ma bzur

dfkfufbu( ma krfo f hbpta(pfahab cfo f strfoma'bgatfst f huo phfohugfoom po mapbrtaCbota ntru f trakut

f s`rdabg kb pa kbcab`knff muhkf ma vf`rabf'f spuoabg k o'bg tfut

ma kom gbgb g'b ckutk'bb'f vragab ma fudft

[f kug ta sfgabg bpr`bpag skhmbu bpaha bptama rk`bra f cf`rfma kramabg k's kar ku ch`rff tkfuoa'bprfos o vbtrma ` stab otr'brfpbt

Duzaha'f ma gfkuoahagurgurbu muf`s hb staha

ma'gf vaoab s guk mfo ahaf ( sudfrf( sprokaoaha

ovrjdabu p`faofhacataha f fahaha

.M`bgoa( f hb tfoa'o Tbfvfo olarff o bhbfk ta tfu drdbt kbomrfuf dazgatfk f zurhfuf'f phbka hb mazgfarmbtlurb af ma srutbtf'f phbka hb mruguh gbras kuhalf grlrftbra&

;/

Sbf( Tbfuh muhka'o kbra ta'b purtbb'ozpazft hb lhazob tbs'b'otfos pa k`bpsa( sof f lurkb ` kpuo k`bpt o [krfpturf osk`kata g`f phkarf f gfarapaotru'bo`tfgpuh kbhm ma ovfara

Af( mb( ta'b muka'o Ubrbmfso crblam turo ma bhd f vfsta'b gdrkb o o`rf f r`uf'b cbka'bk`parf kom ph`ubp`f( s`hago( pa osarbtk`m` `rf scot makbpftbtkuft ma'brlfot o kbroab tbb rsukf f'b hkrgb

=/

Ma tfoa( purtt`brab ma ugdr(ma tfoa suot oatfouftsago uftbt rulfoask

o vzmunuh krfh`r

o r`u f gftMa'bkaab( pamabps ma olar f folaraskbrd`ra ma bp( karask(f krbra kuvotuhuf s cffpa rurf ma krfofurkom mfo aotahanfff vot f hbkrg oavtgbto`ur strhukft`r f stab olomurbtmaartuh ku lnab f c`kf mbruh o`pfh`rhb s`r`k

tfpbr s cff munuhufhb n`tbraha vzmunuhufhugfob(( tbfob((cotobs'f sruta ku fzv`braha

suchatuh f gobfbr pa thpfha tbhakaruh sa pustffbsk ma staha

prfozom bhta rmkfofpaotru bhta kmarf

f bhf spfofhftarb ma c`k ta rscaaf bpb brfaf ku traf caaf tagofb ma r`ub fofgff gaha

kom ph`u

1/

Kom ta vm gf sa cbka gastabkofbr kom ou ta vm gf sa cbka o`bptata'b oknfma o duzuobruh uouf chutura zpkft mbk ou gf'br cf b bgurl f b g`brtambk ou gf'br cf b tfoata'b tr`faof o gfara f'o cfarapaotru bp`kbhfpsb ma mup gfoakom ta vm os gf sa cbka bhdbstru

gf kftask mrapturfhagf skrfu tastbgaotuh ku saofouh `knfh`r tfosaraz o vfskb uo olar o r`zbrfuh ch`rff ma kbfsf'bp`f ta pfarmf gf sa cbka fbr o`bptakb'otr'uo cruozf ma kbrta///f g`brta/// f g`brta///

3/

///f bgfotatf0///Arb o bht vabk:f srutbg tbhpb pfkf`ruhufkug f'b srutb fofgbsbu bhdbstruh prfvfrff '

ma mrbl`sta f ma habk///Ma'btuokf(

bgfotfrfha bu mavaoft kuvfota

f kuvfotaha suotm`br bmfarf bha votuhufprfotra cruoza uskbta

strbt pasta strbt/

Bzf( tfu:bf phakbt

pa krrf otuoakbtaf tbhpb pfkf`ruhuf ama oasrutbt//////f bgfotatf0///Arb o bht vabk///

7/30/2019 Revista Roua Cerului nr. 8

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2=

K`muh Halfh`r Dahblfoa

]a puo stpoft`r `guha( pasta trakutuh Sbhnbhfaf( h`kuh pa

kbra f'h mbu spra vaofkfa s h stpoatf( kbra sa `lhfomata mfo

rsrft o sum( mfo bpaha Bhutusuhuf sud hugfob kab mtt`bra ma vfb

b s`brahuf po hb k`bgaha bhtbruhuf guofh`r uoma'gf v`f zgfshf

prfo pf`aofa katbtab mfoufrff vaofkfaf ku r`muh nrofkfaf gfofh`r

tbhakatbta uofk b ]fgpuhuf f b h`kuhuf o kbra sagfofb gfrfcfk b

naruvfgfh`r vb lsf hfoftab bmok spra kulatbra otra gfofha

zgfshfrff Cfuhuf Gau( b Gbfkff [bha ( kb ` lrmfo o kbra kaf ka ` s

vfo s p`bt bchb f vamab purftbtab suchatuhuf zgfshft paotru

mfoufrab vaofkfaf( b sagfofaf gaoatf/

Ufbtrb Bhtbruhuf U`huhuf Karuhuf sprfjfofsa'vb ma tbhpb

okhrfh`r tbha pgotatf otra paraff ma bur b d`lfaf guofh`r

kbra ff mbu( knfbr mbk gprbff hugff v`r v`f prfo sbdfa f c`k s'f

kukarabsk( Au f v`f rfsfpf prfo putarab cuhlarah`r f b g`rff( kkf

guhta rzvrtfrf v`r cf bsuprb h`r( paotru k `guh `rd ma oasdufob

gfoff f b gomrfaf trucfaf sbha vb p`ctf s'f kukarabsk( knfbr mbk

knafb oahapkfuoff v`bstra bg hsbt'` cagaff oaprfnofta Sastfb mfo

hkbuh Urfg`raf( kbra foa pbvz c`kuhuf vaofkfaf pa pgot9

Tu v`ft`rff( cbhff gouft`rf bf nbrpaf f b knfgdbhah`r v`r

patraka prfo trucfa ` parf`bm ma vraga bsuprb scotuhuf tu pgot

prfo vfkhaofa( po kom ff vaf mb sabgb ma putarab gfokfuofh`r h`r(

kab stpoft`bra ma puof bha vfaff pa bpaha grfh`r f `kaboah`r( fbr

putarab drbuhuf tu sa vb rzduob f f vb bhuolb sud urlfb cuhlarah`r

trfgfsa mfo karurf f b pustfatff cfaruhuf mfo p`tk`bvb kbfh`r tf/

Sragurf lraha f ma rstrfta sa v`r bdbta bsuprb `l`ruhuf

ozufoaf tbha( b `d`sahff f b trbospfrbfaf cruoff tbha( kab ok`r`obt

ma hugfofha khbrvzt`bra b kurkudauhuf karuhuf dfoackt`r f

mtt`r ma vfb9 kbra vb p`rof mfo katbtab ataro b mascruhuf f b

crmahalfh`r kfzgaf fgparfbha( b stbtuhuf cbhs bh kramfoaf o putarab

Krabfaf Mfvfoa kbra sa vrab urgb bh bp`st`hfh`r sud putarab

ukflt`bra b gprbtuhuf( kbra sud ]`lb grfrff f vb khkb `l`ruh ku

lroaha srutbta'o s`bra pa gbhuh @hdfusuhuf f b Mbofudfuhuf ka

krata ku `knfuh ma pgot bh Ubtg`suhuf katbtab ataro paotru

vramofkff urgbf bf Cfuhuf Gau( po fo brkuh katff ma pfbtr b

grftuhuf rala Qdfus/

Grfrab f satab ma putara b bkast`r gdufdbf bf vabkuhuf

sud vragab m`gofaf huf ]rbfbof v`r opmf f `kupb ` pbrta mfo

pgotuh f putarab kramfoaf v`bstra kb oabg bhas ma Gfoa( mbr

ou paotru guht vraga kkf satab ma rzduobra b r`dfh`r oabguhuf

h`r f vb ok`r`ob cruotab sud pakatab ralahuf skhbvfh`r f vb ofgfkf

cbhsb katbta ataro kbra vb foa sud r`dfa f gfokfuo ` gbra

pbrta b hugff pasta m`u vabkurf/

Uo hb phfofrab vragff guhf mfo kaf hsbf ma gfoa o

sagofofb vabkurfh`r v`r v`f s'f kukarabsk bkabst vbtr gfhaobr

b kramfoaf sud mfcarfta g`murf( f kaf ka s'bu bkfubt o mavhgfb

bazrff oabgurfh`r pa pgotuh Sbhnbhaf( mbt ma Gfoa( sbu prfo bhta

h`kurf bha Hugff( pa kbra tu f'bf prfgft hb souh gbgaf tbha kb pa ofta

arpf kbra s'bu nroft ku hbptaha oakramfoaf( v`r okarkb s rup

pakatab scot b Bhtbruhuf [trduo/

Mbr ou f v`f hsb s f scfa suchatuh f kramfob k v`f

ravrsb bsuprb h`r Qrlfb Karurfh`r f ou vb rgoa mfo sagfofb h`r

purtbt sud bub kbfh`r ofkf sgdura mfo bkabst obfuoa f ofkf mfobhta oabgurf( kbra sud oavramofkfb vabkurfh`r bu khkbt o pfkf`bra

Halfha mbta ma Gfoa pgotaofh`r sud p`ctb oacfrabsk b trupuhuf b

cfrfh`r oasf`bsa( ma gd`lfra f bsuprfra b bht`r crbf ma'bf h`r(

prakug f b kah`r ka bu prsft kramfob Krabt`ruhuf H`r f bu bhuoakbt

pa pbotb kramfoaf vomuta( b cbhfh`r Bp`st`hf bf kramfoaf/

f v`f ofgfkf o mavhgfb vragff( ou ku ur( kf ku mrbl`sta

paotru k gruh oakramfoaf mfo tuhpfob sarbcfk b oabgurfh`r vb

rgoa o sgduraha kramfoaf f b bmavruhuf/

Mr/ Ak/ Hukfb U`j`kb

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21

Agfoasku prfgb jartc p`hftfk pa bhtbruh Mbkfaf Gbrf

Gfnbf Agfoasku b hubt kuo`tfo( pa mfvarsa kf( maspraboknatb masknfs ma but`rftfha bustrfaka o haltur ku bktfvftbtabbrn`r`bsaf( bkuzom kurtab mfo Sfaob ma oas`k`tfrab uoftff obfafr`goatf/ o bkast cah( o'b ckut makt s'f olr`ba `sbruh ot`kgftma ktra Dfr`uh Foc`rgbtfv mfo Sfaob( kbra okapab s k`okabpbkfuof gaofta s bofnfhaza gbofcastrfh`r sbha obf`obhfsta/ os(mazbglfrab huf b c`st gbra( k`ostbtom k but`rftfha stbtuhufr`go o'bu sprfjfoft sud ofkf ` c`rg bkfuoab [`kfatffBrd`r`bsb/ Ua bkast c`om ma avaofgaota( o o`fagdrfa 2>>2(T`gofb Frrfmaotb b pus o kfrkuhbfa` nbrt ku Dbobtuh po hb ]fsb( ]rbosfhvbofb f Duk`vfob( t`btak`osfmarbta (( tarft`rff r`goa } Bkabst nbrt kbra pr`khbgbtarft`rff r`goa pr`vfokffha fst`rfka Dbobtuh( ]rbosfhvbofb fDuk`vfob b c`st sagobhuh rahurff ku vfl`bra b huptaf paotruahfdarbrab r`gofh`r bchbf sud stpofrab Fgparfuhuf bustr`'uolbr fuofrab tarft`rffh`r raspaktfva ku((pbtrfb gbg( paotru b rak`ostftufMbkfb Gbra/

Gfnbf Agfoasku s'b bhturbt ku t`bt cffob f prfkaparab sb

raprazaotbofh`r r`gofh`r brmahaof f duk`vfoaof stbdfhff oDukuratf( kbra sa sfgabu bdbom`obf ma ktra putarab p`hftfk ((mfo br o huptb paotru ktflbrab mrapturfh`r obf`obha/ FmaabMbkfaf Gbrfb c`st rspomft f b prfos rapama rmkfof knfbr f ofotarf`ruh `tfrff r`goa/ Ku `kbzfb masknfmarff uoaf axp`zfff`rlbofzbta hb [fdfu( hb kbra b c`st fovftbt kb mahalbt bh stbtuhuf

r`go f laoarbhuh'gamfk Kbr`h Mbvfhhb( bkastb f'b bcfrgbt fmafhaku prfvfra hb Gbrab'Mbkfa f b mfspus s cfa omaprtbtap`rtrataha gprbtuhuf f gprtasaf f oh`kufta ku kaha bhagbjastff r`goatf/

=/ K`ostftufrab oukhauhuf p`hftfk bhMbkfaf Gbrf

.[`kfatbtab Kbrpbff&

H`vfturfha prfgfta ma Framaotb r`gomfo pbrtab sarvfkffh`r

sakrata bha Bustr`'Qolbrfaf bu matargfobt sknfgdbrab( o bkastk`otaxt( hb 4= fboubrfa 2>>4( pa sup`rtuh Framaotaf r`goa( b hubtcffo( hb Dukuratf( [`kfatbtab Kbrpbff(o kbra b c`st k``ptbt fGfnbf Agfoasku/ [k`puh makhbrbt bf bkastafb b c`st sprfjfofrab

r`gofh`r brmahaof agflrbof paotru b `dfoa shujda f h`kufoa okbpftbhb T`gofaf( os sk`puh rabh arb ahfdarbrab ]rbosfhvbofaf fracbkarab Mbkfaf Gbrf/

YWMr/ Burah S/ Mbvfm

Ur`c/ Qofv/ Dukuratf

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23

Ktavb k`osfmarbff ku prfvfra hb maougfrfha Brmabh f ]rbosfhvbofb

Guhta hukrrf ku k`ofoutfst`rfk `rf la`lrbcfk( kbra sa

racar hb tarft`rfuh r`goaskbchbt otra Kbrpbff Garfmf`obhf fkaf @kkfmaotbhf( c`h`sask

maougfrfha ma Brmabh sbu

]rbosfhvbofb/

Btuokf kom axphfk`rflfoab kuvotuhuf Brmabh uoougr gbra ma but`rf( gbf bhasgblnfbrf( k`osfmar k bkastato`ofg br marfvb ma hb

bpahbtfvuh arm` . Armahy&/

Mup ` bobhfz pr`cuom(ovbff r`gof Sbsfha D`lrab f@oucrfa Sfoahar( dbzbf pa stumffma r`gbofstfk( aur`paofstfk f

shbvfstfk( oa btrbl btaofb kmaougfrab ma Brmabh asta guht

gbf vakna makt fotrbrabtrfdurfh`r gblnfbra o fotarf`ruh]rbosfhvbofaf/

Bkatf karkatt`rf oabrbt k uo gbra ougr mabpahbtfva f maougfrf ku rmkfobbrm suot rspomfta o Frbo(Kbukbz( Aur`pb rsrftabo f `kkfmaotbh(po o Frhbomb/

Gbj`rftbtab maougfrfh`r ku rmkfob'brm fomfk ouga ma ohfgf( rfmfkturf(

p`mfurf( guof( krasta ma guof( p`vrofurf/Ma'b huoluh vragff( mbr f ma'b hbtuh

tarft`rfuhuf aur`pabo f o pbrta f bsfbtfk saothoask maougfrf ku brm: Brmgfs .[k`fb&(Brmbhvb .Frhbomb&( Brmbhas .[pbofb&( Brmbvb

.[brmfofb&( Brmaz .Ahvafb&( Brmaou` . Bustrfb&(Brmbsb . Frbo&( Brm`sb .]urkfb&( fbr pa

tarft`rfuh r`goask othofg : Brmusbt(Brma`vb f mfcarfta marfvbta bha ougahufBrmabh /

[pakfbhfstff r`gof bgfotff gbf susoa spuo k ato`ofguh Brmabh f bra`rflfoab o rbmfkbhuh 'brm mfo hfgdfha

fom`aur`paoa f ku ` vaknfga guht gbf gbramakt bpahbtfvuh arm`( ku saosuh mapmura/Af oa mag`ostrabz k pr`kasuh o`gfobfafasta ma`sadft ma huol f bpbrfoa krabfafp`puhbra/

Ma hb rmkfob 'brm s'bu c`rgbtbotr`p`ofga( nfmr`ofga f `r`ofga/Bpahbtfvuh arm` o hfgdb gblnfbr

osabgo pmura f'h othofg o CbptahaQolurfh`r/// . Lastb Nuolbr`rug///&( kr`ofkskrfs ma Bo`ofgus( kr`ofkbruh ralahuf Dahb bhFFF'hab( o sak`huh bh ^FF'hab/

o bkabst kr`ofk but`ruh oa spuoa

k o b m`ub jugtbta b sak`huhuf bh ^'hab(kom s'bu bazbt uolurff o Ubo`ofb bu lsftbk`h` ` p`puhbfa ougar`bs( bhktuft mfo

shbvf( duhlbrf f r`gof . vbhbnf& f k hb rsrftaxfstb ]rbosfhvbofb . tarrb Qhtrbsfhvbob&( uoma

pgotuh asta umbt ma kaha gbf duoa rurf///(mfo ofsfpuh h`r sa kuhala bur mfo kah gbf duo/

Urazfot f v`fav`zf( prfota af cffom gaof`obtLahu( ma o`u `rf( skrfs Lah`u( ma m`u `rfLahu f ` mbt Laha`u/

Oa foc`rgabz k trupaha gblnfbrabu obfotbt spra rsrft f trakom ma U`rfhaGasauhuf bu mbt ma tarft`rfuh ougftQhtrbsfhvbofb( bmfk pgotuh ma mfok`h`ma pmurf( targao kbra vb cf maougft]rbosfhvbofb/

[pra scrftuh sak`huhuf bh ^FFF'habkr`ofkbruh [fg`o ma Knazb( oskut obpr`pfarab Dfn`ruhuf b skrfs Cbptaha nuofh`rf Qolurfh`r . Lastb Nuo`rug at

Nuolbr`rug&( o kbra bgfotata hb rsrft maaf maspra brb ]rbosfhvbofaf/

o Fst`rfb Qolurfh`r ma hb bazbrapo o 2143 of sa rahbtabz f maspratarft`rfuh ma hb rsrftuh ]fsaf spuoom k astah`kuft ma r`gof f'h maougata ]arrbSbhbkn`rug/

Ma hb 2143 ok`bka sa gaof`oabzgarau t`t gbf guht maspra ]rbosfhvbofb/

Bgdff targaof(Brmabh f ]rbosfhvbofbmasagoabz tarft`rfuh otfos po hb Kbrpbffma Tsrft f kaf Garfmf`obhf/

Kr`ofkbruh r`go Lrfl`ra Qrakna oa

spuoa k Brmabhuh sbu brb mfo J`sQolurabsk s knfbg brb ma pasta Guota(kbra k`prfoma ` pbrta ma Mbfb/// okuojurbt

ma t`bta prfha ku guof f ku pmurf( kug brcf olrmft/ Zfku'f f brb ma bpta `rba mfohfgdb oagabsk( fbr hkuft`rff rff f zfkubrmahaof////

o sak`huh trakut sbvbotuh [fgf`oGanamfof( o hukrbrab Ka asta ]rbosfhvbofb0 skrfa k Uaotru T`gofb( pr`vfokfbbkabstb asta sgduraha . oukhauh& rff

otralf///Cr ]rbosfhvbofb T`gofb br cf kbCrbob hfpsft ma Buvaloa( `rf dbzfouhUbrfsuhuf///(sbu kb Tusfb cr foutuhG`sk`vaf///

Kah gbf ma sabg mfph`gbt bhr`gofh`r fotr'` vraga bh otralff Aur`pa(Ofk`hba ]ftuhasku skrfb k Brmabhuh ahablouh kbra b `kr`tft k pfhrfb( a k`bhbkbra f'b curft oabguh///Brmabhuh a

r`gofsguh///a vfbb kbra knabg vfbb( afofgb k`pfhrfaf p`hftfka( a fofgb T`gofafla`lrbcfka/

Bsagaoab brlugaota suot amfcfkbt`bra/

Ur`c/ Ofk`hba tafu

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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

25 f s`hfkftbsag gbrahuf ato`h`l Lna`rlna C`kb.'pabtuokf mfrakt`r bh$Guzauhuf [btuhuf$ mfo Dukuratf& uo fotarvfumaspra brb @buhuf( pa kbra '` strdtusa gbf guhta makaoff kupbsuh(ku gfotab f suchatuh/Bg rabhfzbt mfbh`luh pa dbomgbloatfk kbra bg trboskrs'` gbf bp`f pa ;= ma pblfof mbktfh`(mfokbra bkug rafo uo crblgaot uhuft`r:$Bgvzut o 26;= hb Dfxbm `r`bt `aoabsk kbra otruoab ;55 macakf`rf mfo sbtaha @buhuf (ok`stugaha h`r ma srdt`bra.kbra ou gbf p`t cf vzuta bstzf&(

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@vfmfu [ukfu

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Bmavrbtb fst`rfa b ]rbosfhvbofaf

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Gbf dfoa sa p`bta jumakb

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n`trt( k t`f vbhbnff( `rf pa bh kufg`fa br cf af( s cfa muf pa g`ffha

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mbra/

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Iurz skrfa: Mfstrfktaha Nbaluhuf(Nuoam`braf f Mavaf c`rgbu mfstrfktus`hbknas T`goff kbrf p`puhbu bkastamfktrfkta( dfoa oahas( arbu o`dfhf/

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D`ar`oug&( fbr d`arfb arb ou ougbf `

prar`lbtfv( kf `cfkfu/

Yk`otfoubrab fo ougruh vfft`rW

F`bo Tusu frfbouF`dblff

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Dbsbrbdfb f Duk`vfob m`u hbkrfgf pa bhtbruh gostfrff S`r`oa

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Bvag ma b cbka ku m`kugaota ka magbsk cr putfo ma aknfv`kpraltfrfha gfhftbra maruhbta ma Qofuoab [`vfatfk hb lrbofbOfstruhuf( o prabgduhuh uhtfgbtuguhuf( o vamarab makhborffbkfuofh`r gfhftbra gp`trfvb T`gofaf paotru avaotubhftbtab o kbraDukuratff ou br cf mbt kurs s`gbfaf ma kambra b kah`r m`upr`vfokff/

[uot axpusa bp`f ` sarfa ma rbp`brta ot`kgfta ma sarvfkffha

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pr`kas ma mfsh`kbra atofk gbskbt ma s`vfatfkf sud prataxtuhbk`rmrff uo`r h`kurf ma guok pa botfaraha bht`r rapudhfkfuof`obha( `bgaof kbra bu sfgft pa pfahab h`r paourfb bhfgaotbr fbhta dfoacbkarf bmusa ma ralfguh d`havfk/

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Ahbd`rbt otr'` gbofar sukkfot( ka pargfta m`kugaotuhuf mabrnfv s v`rdabsk ma hb sfoa( taxtuh ou asta hfpsft os ma hfkaoahfrfka( mbr ku fz pbtrf`tfk f knfbr obf`obhfst pa bh`kurf( ka trmabzc`rgbfb jurfmfk b uoufb mfotra but`rf f pa kab `cfarabsk bkah`rhbhf m`f/Kbrtab asta dfoavaoft o pafsbjuh hfvrask ma spakfbhftbta( `mbtpaotru foc`rgbffha maspra kbra bg ckut v`rdfra gbf mavraga( bp`fpaotru amukbrab f fostrufrab pudhfkuhuf hbrl ku prfvfra hb fst`rfbobf`obh( o pbrtfkuhbr o rbp`rt ku avaofgaotaha krukfbha kbra bugbrkbt mastfouh trblfk bh T`gofaf k`otagp`rboa( s`brt kbra br cfdfoa s ou sa gbf rapata/

Bulustfo ruM`kt`r o fst`rfa

FHQGFOBTAB [QCHA]QHQF OBF@OBH

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d/ Bkfuoab p`hftfk f gfhftbr uolbr paotru `kupbrabBrmabhuhuf kambt ku gsurfha p`hftfk`'gfhftbra f bmgfofstrbtfva mup

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Dbsbrbdfb( strvaknf pgot r`goask( kuprfos otra Urut fOfstru( ku ` otfomara k`vrft`bra mfok`h` ma N`tfo b c`st btastbtma ktra spakfbhftf ok mfo vabkuh bh SFFF'hab obfota ma Nrfst`s(parf`bm o kbra bdfb s'b pr`mus sapbrbrab mbk`'lafh`r ma gbrabcbgfhfa b trbkfh`r/

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Masflur k d`lffha s`huhuf fkgpffha rgbsa f'b btrbs pa lrakfkbra pa hb jugtbtab sak`huhuf bh SFF'hab obfota ma Nrfst`s bu otagafbtk`h`ofb ]yrbs .Katbtab Bhd& ma uomabu putut bpr`vfzf`ob pr`prffha katfku duourf gbtarfbha( oakasbra

trbfuhuf f k`ostrufrff k`rdffh`r/Asta tfut cbptuh k G`hm`vb

raprazaotb o bkab parf`bmprfokfpbhb pfb ma mascbkara paotruh`kuft`rff U`otuhuf Auxfo f b kah`rmfo katfha Nfstrfaf f mfo

gprajurfgf/Asta sagobhbt ma bsagaoab

o kursuh avaofgaotah`r fst`rfkacbptuh razuhtbt mfo karkatrf kahagaotuh lrakask f k`otfoubbskaosfuoab o juruh bouhuf 3;5(`kupom tarft`rfuh mfotra M`o fMuora( po o bouh 15> /Nr/( komralaha parsbo Mbrfus b otraprfos `

axpamffa paotru `prfrab axtfomarffbkast`rb/

Maspra bkasta cbpta favaofgaota oa sagobhabz f SbsfhaUrvbo kbra oa spuoa k : F`ofaoffbjuof o sak`huh bh SFF'hab /Nr/ orfha ]rbk`'[kytna bha U`otuhufAuxfo/// bu lsft ` kfvfhfzbfastrvakna/// bu mbt c`rgbbmgfofstrbtfv b s`hfmbrftfffotahaktubha b O`rmuhuf dbrdbr( ku

[umuh ahaofk/

Ma cbpt( os( O`rmuh bkastb trfb ok o g`taofrab

strhukftuhuf gfhaofu bh FF'hab /Nr/ kom ]rbkff bhktufsar o ap`kbgfkaofbo( uob f bkaabf kfvfhfzbfa ku Lrakff pa ma'` pbrta( kuUnrylfaoff ma bhtb/

Ma bsagaoab sa gbf sagobhabz cbptuh k ralaha Duradfstb prfokbgpboffha gfhftbra otraprfosa f'b fgpus but`rftbtab bsuprbtrfdurfh`r lat`'mbka kuprfosa o z`ob mfotra [frat f Ofpru9 fbr katfhalrakatf Bp`hh`ofb f @hdfb f s'bu supus/Qrgrfom av`hufb avaofgaotah`r sa p`bta bcfrgb k ` fochuaooacbst bsuprb mazv`htrff trfdurfh`r lat`'mbka b bvut'` osufbrgbtb r`gbo( k`omus ma gbraha gprbt ]rbfbo( kbra prfofotargamfuh kah`r m`u rzd`bfa otraprfosa gp`trfvb Mbkfaf oparf`bmb huf Makadbh b zmruokfobt otraluh stbt/Masflur k o parf`mfkftbtab fst`rfaf( mbk bg cf urgrft kursuh

otralff bsarfuof bsuprb avaofgaotah`r ka bu urgbt( br cf maavfmaofbt sakvaofbh urgt`braha bspakta:

b/ fovbzfb trfdurfh`r f b ratrblarff bmgfofstrbfaf r`gboaotra boff 4

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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

42

Ar`ff N`rab( Uahblnfb f Fboku pfktbf o dfsarfkb mfo Grfah

G`ff tfu praufkug sa kuvfoa

ar`ff f gbrtfrff h`r/ osbtuh ma guota Grfah(bchbt hb bhtftumfoab ma

pasta 2455g f rscfrbto pasta ;5 ma krolurf(mrapt sago ma kfostfra b

sbkrfcfkfuhuf ma kbra bu

mbt m`vbm ar`ff h`r( ovfc`r`ff bof 2= f2>=>'2>=6( ha'bu

oknfobt kotaka fhalaoma( p`azff fp`vastfrf( mbr f'bu

fg`rtbhfzbt f og`ougaota( pfkturf(

maougfrf ma bazrf( `rffostftuff( lsfomu'ha fh`k o kaha gbf ma sabgamfcfkff( bb kug astadfsarfkb mfo Grfah/

Uaotru grfaof( ar`ff f gbrtfrff h`rgarft s stab uomavb o bpr`pfarabpars`objah`r dfdhfka( paotru k bu pusfotarasaha g`fh`r( bha oabguhuf r`goask(mabsuprb fotarasah`r h`r/

Mfo foffbtfvb prfotahuf h`r suchatask

Bomraf `rtbo( kah`r traf ar`f bf oabguhuf ha'bu c`st rabhfzbta kta uo gambhf`o pfktbt padbhustrbmb dbhk`ouhuf mfo dfsarfk/

Cfakbra mfotra af asta rambt

agboom kutazbo f n`trra kom astav`rdb ma mrapturfha `gaoatf halftfga bhar`gofh`r( hfdartbta f albhftbta/

N`rab( pa ougaha submavrbtSbsfha Ofkuhb . skrfs o uoaha bkta fOfk`hb& s'b oskut o bouh 2

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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

44

Uaotru ` pbhg ma pbgbot Qo lbom bskuos

Mrblf sbtaof mfo sbtuh gau

[b vb bjuta Mugoazau(

Kb v`f dfoa sb trbftf

Kabsuh tbfofk s'h fudftf/

[b vb fgpbkbtf kb crbtff

[ ou vkartbf kb bhtff

Ka sa mbu fo jumakbt

]rfduobhuh sb'f maspbrt/

Uaotr'` pbhgb ma pbgbot

S`r mapuoa jurbgbot(

[f jurbom ku strbgdbtbta

Ou sa gbf lbomask hb g`brta/

Kb'otr'` o`bpta g`brtab vfoa

[f'tf pfarf prakug uo kbfoa9

Ka'h muka kbhab mapbrta

[f ma huga fh maspbrta/

[f ofgfk ou ` sb bvatf

Ougbf knfpuh pa paratf

Ubtru skbomurf( pbtru kufa(

Kfoa'b c`st bzf( gbfoa ou a/

Ma asf gbra( `rf astf gfk

Mfok`h` ou mukf ofgfk "

Ougbf pbkbtaha tbha(

Uhakf ku gbfofha( rakf( l`bha/

Cff fo vfbtb ' duo( sgarft

[f ma t`tf sb cff fudft 9

Mfo huga ofgfk ou'f muka(

M`br hb kbp tf'`r puoa'` kruka/

M`bgoa( kbra'f r`stuh tbu

Bf c`st duo `rf bf c`st rbu(

]u ta'otrabd po p`f

Kbt astf vfu sf ou'otra g`rtf/

Sb cf trfst sf a pbkbt

Kto huga bf ugdhbt(

Gbomru ku lbom ma trucfa

O'bf c`st `g ma `gaofa/

]a'bu pzft pbrfotf ma gfk

Bstbzf ou gbf astf ofgfk(

]a phbola gbgf tbt

Mbr ma g`brta ou ta skbp/

[uot dbtrbof ( ha cbkf oakbz

Ha puf hbkrfgf pa `drbz(

Oakbjftf suot mupb tfoa(

Sbrs hbkrfgf sf suspfoa/

Ubvah Garkab

B vrab s m`rg pa souh tu ` vbro couh pr`bspt ma kurom k`sft(f s prfvask kug karuh ku staha k`d`brf rabzg'sa tbfofk pa'uo mabh fo focfoft

Fbr fo sphaom`brab o`pfh`r ku huo

]u s g hbf s lust cruktuh `prft9f s ta strol hb drbu'gf muhka juo([ud p`hfkbomruh stahah`r( sud kar oagrlfoft

[ stbu s'bskuht kug lrafarff sa'olo(o fbrdb p`haft'o brlfot kzut o z`rfFbr tu s'gf cff b gab muhka ralfoKug asta r`ub o`pff kzut pasta ch`rf/

[ g trazask bp`f ku k`mruh hb vfb[ud kfrfpft ma psrf o z`rf ma o`u zf(

Ku s`braha ka cruotab srut'`'o mfgfoab(Hol fzv`ruh haoa ka kurla'o gfbz zf/

[ prfom o gob bp`f fbr k`bsb vakna(f s drzmaz fo fbrd sud karuh ma zaoft9f'o `rfz`ot mapbrta v`g cf m`br ` parakna(Ka'o souh tu obtur ma'bdfb ma oa'bf prfgft/

Bkabstb'f vfbb o`bstr bb kug oa'bg m`rftK tu gf atf gfrabsb bhabs mfotra staha(Atf zaftbtab hugff ' k`hbkuh oaouotft Atf khbr fzv`ruh vfaff ursftb vfaff gaha/

Gfrkab Sbk

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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

4;

@m'o gatru botfk caumbh Grhbouh hb Bkbmagfa

Focbotfh'gf pbra lhugbKom mugbouh tu ma g`brta(Drbzm'o o`rf strofom curtuobQouf vfs pfarmut o o`bpta/

U`rf mfo fardf ma'uo varma krumKa'bskuom s`braha f huob//Lomurf trfsta otraptruomf'otra ch`rf puo gtrluob/

Qoff kramknfbr k'f g`gaotuhUr`nfdftrvfom staha(Kb s vbm @kkfmaotuh///Kug rup hbouh o foaha/

Oab` ma'` pr`stfa rbr]`t urhom mfo mabh o mabh(S`r s scfa ` br//

K ha tradufa bh o`st Brmabh/

Oa kfostask strduob lhfa(Ou kuo`sk mrbpahuh scot///f ta'br vrab fbr T`gofaTbf prfdabl pa'bkast pgot/

Uuo kug kram af k'f cfraskuUuo pa Urfgrff ` zmrabo(f pa k`hf stabl sakufaskuKu'ovrjdft kutazbo/

Caumbh gf pbra lastuhstuf oabg kraskut pa kbh9Ka'b strdtut Qofvarsuh///

Ur`pftu's'` o Brmabh/

O'bu vrut `mbt ku kbpuh([ rakuo`bsk ` Qofra//Ka'bu v`ft r`go( srbkuh(['h muk hb pfafra/

[cotb zf b hfdartff(Zf prab scot ma Qofra/// Hb Bhdb'o p`brtb Katff[a cku cr krkofra/

f ma'btuokf( ma'bpr`bpa uo sak`hSfsuh h`r trfst ravbobrm(

Cbka pbf prakug a gahkuh///Tab kramfo'o fofgf brm/

[cot br( vragurf lrahaDbt hb p`brt'f pa pgot(M`bgoa skbp'oa ma rahaf pa rf spuhdar'f( vot/

Caa trfsta rm knf`r///Kom mbu cb ku mugbouh(Mfo [trbsd`url po hb KrfBch'ha M`bgoa bhabouh/

Kfoff hbtr b pustfuUa hb lbrmuh tu bzf( br9Fbr au bh tu trfst cfuG gnoask b ktb `brb//0

Ou a hfofta f pbkaBzf pa phbfuh r`goask(

Kom mugboff v`r b cbka[alralbff///oacfrask///

[k`bh mfo g`rgot Gfnbfu[k`bh Uatra( sk`bh F`boa(K'o Brmabh a fbrf dbfuMa phol scfoff o fk`boa/

Fbr kaf gbf rf bf pfhafHcfask bzf pasta p`bta//Ou vm `knfuh trfst bh gfhafNuzurfom o o`f pbhbta/

M`bgoa( dfoa oa kuvot(f oa bpr ma raha///

[bdfb'f oabskuft'Mbr t`t traka prfo oufaha/

f ma vb gbf cf oav`fa[ sguhlag mfo n`hm skbfu(]gfom cr ma v`fa//S`g skpb fbrf ma dbfu/

S`g stb strbj hb n`tbrf'`g bprb Brmabhuh [cot(M`bgoa oa gotufafbr///[puhdar gfaff'o vot"

Sbf fa( bzf( prabscot br(Oargurft lhfa( tu vbtr ma ar`f(Bkug kom p`gff'o prbl ma prfgvbrMascbku'f ch`brab'o vagfota o`ff t`t r`gou'btabpt ` vfb o`u(f cr lrfjf ku lrfjb mfo strduofHb `rfz`ot phol ch`rfha sud r`u (Kom v`r s ta gpbtr o`f stpof/

Bdfb ma'bu rauft s ta uoabskHb Bhdb sud kgpfa sud skaptruh hfdartff(Gfnbf ku N`rab f Fboku s'otrabskUakatab hfdartff o Bpusaof ku g`ff9K vfo bkug mfo o`u( vfo n`brmaha `vfoa(

['f kabr ra'gprfrab mastrukturbt ` cbk//K o'` cf ofkf uo dbf( ma krask skbff o lroa([ o'bf stbt uoftbr fomfvfzfdfh habk/

f grhoata vfo ku stabluh ma `kbr( [ zlomrabsk fbr murarab mfo trakut[ zoloa mfo sdff ma ou tfu bktb `brK bu uftbt vazf dfoatfuh f'b murut/f ka'f gbf trfst bzf r( k cff'f oaoahapfFomuf ma auc`rfb k`okhbvuhuf tkut[ud jumakbtb strgd( sa kram br cf knfbr mrapff v`r s cbk j`kuh Fgparfuhuf pfarmut/

['bu bmuobt gbf farf( hb scbt h Bkbmagfa

Bb'zfff'oahapf s'f cbk vfft`ruh//Mbr mfotra t`f m`br uouh( ku guht grhofa(Bp`str`cb ma sus k`ostffob ku p`p`ruhK ma'`r sknfgdb vazf m`bgoa K`ostftufuoab rff

[ cfa halab mrabpt p`p`ruh ou'f gbf sus//f'bhas s cfa prfguh mfo guof hb gbhuh grff(f ofgaof gbf prausskrfpturf mup Ffsus/

Bn// M`bgoa scfota ou hsb sagfm`kff Ka hcfasa bzf o scbtuh rff ugfhabsk oabguh( tu ougr'f ku mrapffo `drfb sbkr fb'ha skaptruh putarff"f'ovb'f k mraptbtab'f halab oaskrfs cfrfff s kfostabsk'o mrapt fudftb T`gofaK Aur`pb'f bzf m`br hablou'ovrjdfrff

f salralrff'o stbtaM`bgoa grfra fa"

Fol/ Gfrkab Sbk

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Tavfstb T`ub Karuhuf Ougbruh > ' 41 5= 452;

4=

Fo N`o`rag ' FU[[ ]a`m`sfa ]`gftbouh

Gbra bmgfrbt`r bh kuhturff( ah osuf uo mfstfos krturbr( vramofkuhFarbrn ]a`m`sfa( ot`tmabuob oa'b okotbt hb sfgp`zf`boaha kuhturbha mfosum'astuh rff9 `g ma bhabs c`rgbfa fotahaktubh( obht Urab [cfofb [b oaugpha ma raspakt prfo foutb uoaf masvrfta pars`obhftf/

Urfota spfrftubh f strjar bh kratfofsguhuf mfo strvaknfuh foutp`otfk( Mugoabhuf krgufata Gbfkb Oabguhuf T`goask hb gbrlfoab

kruf fout( duouh su prfatao Agfoasku( f'br cf m`rft o uhtfguh su m`r s'fcfa s`gouh hfo( olarf bpr`bpa((( hb gbrlfoab grff/M`rfom s'f phfoabsk bkast sfolur m`r( farbrnuh m`dr`labo

p`brt o suchatuh su m`ruh k`ostoaofh`r ma b bvab o vaofkfa bhturf maaf rgfaha pgotatf bha kahuf ka'f m`rab vaofkb `mfno hb gbhurfhagrff oalra

Oa phakg ku bmok sgaraofa f kfostfg krazuh prfofh`r(duofkfh`r f strduofkfh`r strvaknfuhuf o`stru oabg/ Bmukag kfostfra kah`rka praufask trakutuh o`stru( kramfob f omajmfra huf( ka trak prfo o`f spraurgbff o`trf( po hb scrftuh vabkurfh`r/

Bkbm/Bhaxbomru [urmu

@ gfota blar( ` fofg drdbt( uo suchat ka brma o kramfooastrgutbt ' t`bta bmuobta otr'uo ouga ma bur paotru `rt`m`xfa: F/U/[/]na`m`sfa ]`gftbouh/

Hb cah sa p`bta v`rdf maspra gfouoab ma hb Uatarb [cotuhufBomraf( maspra Gostfrab [cotuh Cfhfp sbu maspra hbrluh bazgot ma hbMarvaot f maspra bhta ktavb zakf ma h`kurf uoma arb kt pa ka s sabtabro uftbrab( pbrblfob( oatffob/

Bkast tfp ma gfouoa( kbra ocptufata paotru kb bp`f s sa vbmka arb s sa otgpha( asta ` gfouoa `gaoabsk9 ab bkkaotuabz( os(h`kurfha bhasa ma M`gouh( ha m mfgaosfuoab otru bkab bhalara( puoamalatuh knfbr pa bkab bhalara/

[t o putfob o`bstr( kug sa vama mfo btaotb( rdmt`brab flrfjuhfb trum b gatarfh`r kbra tradhufask pasta t`t pa botfaraha

gostfratf bha M`dr`laf/ Mbr tradufa kb kfoavb s `rm`oaza f sk``rm`oaza( s `rknastraza bkasta ac`rturf/

Qo mfrfj`r ma `rknastr( bstb kram k asta F/U/[/ ]na`m`sfa]`gftbouh: dblnatb sb fsk nbr( paotru k mosuh asta kutbt ma ktra Nbruhkarask ' f p`roata k`rurfha o bkahbf lhbs( hb bkaabf `r o t`bta ktft`rffham`dr`laoa( o kaha o`f bha kr`r tagahff ha'b pus( f o kaha vaknfma`p`trfv( mfo bha kr`r tagahff s'b bhas p`ruokb( omagouh ma b scfofh`kurfha/

Ur`c/ uofv/ mr/ Ofk`hba La`rlasku

Kb uouh ka bg gfhftbt( mup putarfha gaha f kbra f 'b bmusg`mastuh su bp`rt hb amftbrab gbouskrfsah`r agfoaskfaoa(g sfgt `o`rbts v spuo tutur`r k Agfoasku b c`st f vb rgoa garau G`mahuh bbkug h ougab gbraha su bmgfrbt`r K`ostbotfo O`fkb/

Agfoasku ou b c`st purtt`ruh rbolurfh`r f magoftfh`rvragahofka( o'b c`st bkbmagfkfbo( mbr asta sfoluruh bkbmagfkfbo otrabkbmagfkfaof ka st fgpuot`r f gra( oknfpuft o dr`oz( o gfjh`kuhahftah`r Oabguhuf( atarofzbf o Buhb Bkbmagfaf T`goa/o bkast saos bgma`sadftb `o`bra ma b'f b muka dfoa garftbtaha ah`lff Axkahaoaf [bha]a`m`sfa( kbra F' b bmus pa M`gouh Agfoasku o Kbgpusuh Qofvarsftff@vfmfus mfo K`ostbob/

Gbf guht( hugfobtuh farbrn t`gftbo( bra o suchat Qosfolur m`r(f bouga(ckomu'F uo Bhtbr hb gbrlfoab grff( s muk mfo Dukuratfrob pa g`rgotuh su sfgd`hfk uoma( Bmukarf bgfota( h v`r tr`faofku mrbl/o ougaha M`gouhuf Agfoasku( v guhugfg FU[ S`bstra f vbsflurg ma raspaktuh o`strug cbt ma GBFKB OABGQHQF T@GOA[K/

Bkbm/ Bhaxbomru D`lmbo

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41

Guhugask huf Mugoazau k g'bg oskut o T`gofb"

Ka bg kbutbt//sb'gf mask`pr sf sb'gf stbdfhfzaz fmaotftbtab( fbr dukurfb

mask`parfrff pr`prfaf pars`boa( b skotaffmfvfoa mfo gfoa b c`st uob mfo kaha gbf fobhta

trfrff bha gaha( fbr paotru bkabstb b traduftsb'gf mazv`ht k`otfaotb sf v`fob ma b'gfurgb suchatuh sf sb ra`rfaotaz ktra pr`prfbcffob putarab ma b fudf sf ma b mruf fudfra/Ka fgf m`rask /// sb rausask sb axprfg Mfvfouh

mfo gfoa fo cfakbra khfpb b vfaff gaha/ Urforavahbrab [foahuf [uprag Oagurft`r fh

mask`parfg pa Mugoazau ]btbh fo uofvarsuh

o`stru huotrfk sf rabhfzbg kb bg c`st cbkutfcfakbra mupb knfpuh sf bsagbobrab sb/ Ou

asta u`r mruguh bkastb bh kuo`btarff( bhbchbrff bmavbruhuf kbra ta ahfdarabzb( mbr

bvbomuh pa Mugoazau t`tuh sa sknfgdb( tu

cbkf uo pbs ktra ah sf Mugoazau cbka ` gfama pbsf ktra tfoa/ Bstcah bg kuo`skut`bgaof ma kbra bvabg oav`fa sb gb foffazapa bkast mrug bh bchbrff bmavbruhuf( bh

av`hufaf spfrftubha sf ha guhugask mfo suchat(bg fovbtbt kb uo bmavbrbt gbastru ta vb

k`omuka ma kaha gbf guhta `rf mfrakt sbu

masa`rf fomfrakt spra pr`prfb tb kbha( spra

pr`prfb tb k`ostffotb( spra pr`prfuh tbu

Gbastru Fotarf`r/

Bg bjuos paotru prfgb `brb hb

g`rgotuh Urfotahuf Brsaofa D`kb( fo Lr`tb[cbouhuf F`bo ma hb Urfsh`p sf hb katbtfhambkfka mfo guoff @rbstfaf fo t`bgob bouhuf4556( sf ma btuokf pbob fo prasaot ma c`brta

guhta `rf( bg urkbt guotaha spra katbtf pa

ph`bfa( zbpbmb sf brsftb varff( zfub sf o`bptabsf ma cfakbra mbtb b c`st bhtcah( ma cfakbra mbtb

bg prfgft bhtkavb fo phbo spfrftubh( mbr stbrab

ma dfoa( ma bkbsb( ma fudfra( dukurfa( hugfob

ou b hfpsft ofkf`mbtb/ Kbom bg bjuos paotru

prfgb `brb hb [brgfsalatusb Talfb bg bvut

saotfgaotuh kb bg gbf c`st bk`h` kb bpbrfobkahuf h`k( g'bg sfgtft fok`ojurbtb ma

aotftbtf ma hugfob( sfgabg kb tradufa sb cfukaotrbtb fo fofgb gab( sb hbs hukrurfha sb

kurl sf sb trfask sgaraofb paotru b sfgf kasa fotbgphb ma cbpt pa bkaha h`kurf sbkra bha

strbg`sfh`r o`trf( sb bchu kbt sa p`bta fo bkah

g`gaot bh vfaff gaha/[brgfsalatusb Talfb bhbturf ma

kahahbhta katbtf Dhfmbru( Cataha Bhda( Katbtufb(

Ufbtrb T`fa( bp`f guoff Dukalf hb UatarbFbh`gftaf( [cfox( Dbdaha( Ufbtrb Brsb( Srcuh@gu( [foab Sakna suot kbtavb mfo h`kurfha ku

` aoarlfa sf vfdrbfa axtrb`rmfobrb ma hb o`fmfo tbrb( uoma mbkb garlf ku suchatuh masknfs(

astf fgdrbkbt fo hugfob sf ta sfgf fo brg`ofaku tfoa fosutf sf ku fotrablb krabfa b hufMugoazau/

Fo t`bta kaotraha aoarlatfka pa uoma bg

bjuos( bg sfgtft ` pr`cuomb stbra ma

sbkrbhftbta ( sfgf kug vfbtb tf sa `rm`oabzb(

sa obta ku aoarlfb pbgbotuhuf sf sa fobhtbk`otfouu ktra Mugoazau/Bg fovbtbt fo bkasta h`kurf kb tradufa sb'gf

cbk hakfb ma vfbtb cbrb sb gb k`gpbr ku bhff(kb tradufa sb gb fart( sb gb ahfdaraz( kb

btuokf kbom cbk uo pbs fo mazv`htbrab

spfrftubhb tradufa sb cbk traf pbsf fo

fgduobtbtfrab k`gp`rtbgaotuhuf gau g`rbh

sf kb ma cbpt t`tuh asta fudfra( rastuh asta

fhuzfa sf kb v`g rauf sb bmukag hugfob knfbrsf fo kah gbf fotuoakbt k`ht bh uofvarsuhuf mbkb

oa cbkag mfo lbom( v`rdb sf cbptb ` k`h`bob b

focfoftuhuf kbra urkb spra Mugoazau/ [b

gamftazfosabgo sb ta masknfzf cbtb ma tfoa(cbtb ma rabhftbta( cbtb ma uofvars( suotag ku

t`ffma`sadff( cfakbra bra pr`prffha pr`dhagab kr`r raz`hvbra ff ravfoa huf osuf( ofgaofou ` vb cbka fo h`kuh o`stru( knfbr mbkb m`rfg

bkast hukru( tradufa sb raouobg hb jumakbtbma sfoa( hb okarkbrab o`bstr ma b k`otr`hbrabhftbtab( sb okarkbg sb cfg kaotrbf fofotarf`ruh o`stru( sb bvag okramara fo o`f sfsb cfg k`gphat masknff fo cbtb `rfkrafsftubff/

Btuokf kom rabhfzazf kb atf krabt`ruhpr`prfaf rabhftbtab( mubhftbtab okapa sbmfspbr ou gbf axfstb au sf rastuh hugff /Bvom t`tbhb okramara kb o`f suotagkrabt`rff pr`prfaf o`bstra rabhftff( putagbkkaptb bhtcah sknfgdrfha sf pr`v`krfha kbrasuot prazaota fo vfbb o`bstr/ Cahuh fo kbrabhalag sb rspuomag fo cbtb sftubffh`r(avaofgaotah`r mfo vfbb o`bstr ma zf ku zf(

oa p`bta bmuka cfa sucarfob( cfa `p`rtuoftbtfma b oa sknfgdb sf ma b oa vfomakb/ Mapfoma

ougbf ma o`f sf ma ka bhalag/ ]TBFTAB FO

UTAZAO] fgphfkb dukurfb khfpaf( fgphfkb

m`rfob sf putfob ma b ta dukurb ma g`gaot(ma b bhala sb'h trfatf kbt gbf crug`s sfp`zftfv p`sfdfh( asta kahadrbrab huf BZF( uo mbr

mfvfo prazaot( uofk sf frapatbdfh/

@rfka vfomakbra asta ` vfomakbra b p`vastff

ku kbra oa fmaotfcfkbg( makf ` trfra foprazaot b bkahaf p`vastf os`ft ma `sknfgdbra ma parspaktfvb bsuprb af( vfo'

makbra osabgo k`otfaotfzbra b bkast`r

k`ofouturf pr`cuoma sf gbf osabgo bha'lara/ Bhalarab ou asta p`sfdfhb makt mupk`otfaotfzbra sf bmuka mup sfoa vfoma'kbrafotarf`brb/

Crfkb asta kab gbf gbra pfamfkb fo

pr`kasuh trbosc`rgrff fotarf`bra( crfkb mapfarmara b k`otr`huhuf sf b fmaotftbtff( sf bstcah

oa gpfamfkb sb axbgfobg sf sb axph`rbgkaab ka oa ravfoa fo kbhftbta ma `bgaof( ma

cffoa spfrftubha/ B cf fo aknfhfdru sf trbospbraotb ou osabgo b ou sfgfmfcarftaha strf( ag`ff( aoarlff atk/( kf b bhalambkb oa fmaotfcfkbg ku aha sbu ou/ Bkabstb

asta hfdartbtab fotarf`brb pa kbra ` `car

stbrab ma prazaotb sf ma k`otfaotb b `rfkrafstrf/ Uaotru bkabstb tradufa sb mavff pr`prfuhtu stpo( sb faf mfo k`otffob turgaf( kb sbcff hfdar( fbr fo ta`rfa t`f v`r bstb( mbr prbktfkc`brta putfof suot mfspuf sb ` sf cbk/ Kfoavbspuoab uo suchat phfo ma `dfoufoa asta uosuchat g`rt$( paotru kb fokbtusbrab fo rutfob

asta( knfbr mbkb bmuka uo fhuz`rfu saotfgaot

bh sflurboaf( bmuka sf t`t`mbt gfkfga maspfrft( ab hfgftabz cffob( fbr ac`rtuh mamapfra( v`fob ma hfdartbta sf masknfmarafotarf`brb( oav`fb fostfoktfvb ma b ta ahfdarb

mfo k`ostrolarab tbdfaturfh`r( ffolmufa sbgarlf mfok`h` ma t`t ka dh`knabzmfsp`ofdfhftbtab sf mfgaosfuofha bkfuofh`r tbhafo bkabstb huga/

Sfbb trftb pa pgot ma cfakbramfotra o`f oa bpbrfoa( mbr sb ou uftbg kbasta makt ` gbofcastbra trakt`bra( sb ouuftbg kb fo Hugab spfrftubhb v`g cf vaofkf(fbr cahuh kug vb brbtb ab paotru cfakbra( ou

mapfoma ma ofgaof bhtkfoavb( kf m`br ma

cfakbra mfo o`f/ Asta lrau sb faf mfo stbrab mak`oc`rt krabtb mbr garftb okarkbt( guokb kutfoa osutf asta kab gbf lrab mbr atf bjutbtc`brta guht komp`roatf pa bkast mrug( ouatf sfolur ofkf`mbt fbr hb carfkfra bjuolf m`brprfo tfoa osutf( hukrurfha bds`huta kbra ou sap`t sknfgdb( sa v`r ogufb ot`tmabuob fv`r mavaoff bgdflua sbu frahavbota pa

gsur ka c`raha auhuf sa rahbxabz/Ur`kasuh ma mataptbra b k`otffoaf samasc`br o lrbma mfcarfta o cfakbra `g/

@guh asta btt ma gbra kt ma guht p`bta cfc`h`sft`r bht`rb( 'utfhftbtab vfaff sbha paotrubhff mapfozom ma sarvfkffha pa kbra ha cbkapaotru af/ Ma bkaab( gsurb uouf `g sas`k`tata mup lrbmuh ma mrufra ma kbraasta kbpbdfh cb ma bhff( o mrbl`sta/

]radufa sb mbg `mfnob Auhuf o`stru

pars`obh kb sb putabg mask`parf asaob uouf[foa gbf gbra( okarkom sb ou hsbg ofgfkmfo hugab bstb pgotabskb sb oa tuhdurahfoftab suchatuhuf( sb cfg kaotrbf garau fofotarf`ruh o`stru( fbr sus pa kuhgfha guofh`r(hb katfha mbkfh`r( trfrfha suot guht gbf

fotaosa sf ff m`ratf sb ravff garau pa bkahah`kurf/ Fudask bkast pgot r`gboask( gffudask strg`f mbkf sf ff guhugask hufMugoazau kb'gf cbk hakfb ma vfbb bfkf/

Mugoazau bra cahuh [bu ma b sa

bpr`pfb ma cfakbra suchat( ma b'h ot`brkaktra [foa/ FF vastata maspra vaofrab [b( ffv`rdata( ff mb prfhajurf( prfkfof sf putfob ma bsa bpr`pfb ma [foa( kb bkastb sb'H kuo`bsk(sb sa dukura sf sb kabrb ah osuf kb sbrgo Mugoazau ku ah/

M`my

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43

Sfbb uofvarsftbr ' [fdfu( Bhgb Gbtar( 4>';5 gbrtfa 452;

otra 4> ;5 gbrtfa b/k b bvut h`k hb[fdfu( o rlbofzbrab Qofvarsftff Bhgb Gbtar(kab ma'b SFF'b amffa b K`ocarfoaf obf`obha kupbrtfkfpbra fotarobf`obh Ur`v`krf paotrutffo f karkatbra o parf`bma ma krfz/ Kb ocfakbra prfgvbr( ma bpta bof ok`bka( [fdfuh bc`st mfo o`u ` lbzm `spftbhfar paotru bpr`bpa` sut ma kbmra mfmbktfka uofvarsftbra( mfo brf mfo strfotbta( kbra s'bu rauoft bfkf paotru bcbka kuo`skuta kaha gbf o`f karkatrf om`gaofuh tffoaf( paotru b bmuka hb kuo`tfof b pr`puoa( k`halfh`r fotarasbf( o`f f o`f

s`huff o mfvarsa m`gaoff bha tffoaf k`otagp`rboa( paotru b mapfsftubfb ma krfz bktubh/

Bu c`st prazaof hb othofrab boubh( ma hb scrftuh hufgbrtfa( kbmra mfmbktfka( karkatt`rf mfo gbf guhta kaotrauofvarsftbra bha rff: Brbm( Dbfb Gbra( Dukuratf( Drb`v( K`ostbob(Krbf`vb( Mavb( Lbhbf( Nuoam`brb( @rbmab( Uftatf( Uh`fatf( Tafb([fdfu( ]fgf`brb( ]rl`vfta f pasta 41 ma uofvarsftbrf mfoTapudhfkb G`hm`vb .ma hb Qofvarsftbtab ma [tumff Aur`paoa f ma hbQofvarsftbtab ]anofk( mfo Knffou&( kbra( sud btaotbsuprbvalnara b lbzmah`r( b K`gftatuhuf tffofcfk f ma @rlbofzbra bK`ocarfoaf( Takt`r pr`cas`r uofvarsftbr m`kt`r folfoar Ofk`hbfaLa`rlasku .mfo pkbta( gbraha bdsaot bh otruofrff&( pr`cas`ruofvarsftbr m`kt`r folfoar Gbrfb ]urt`f f pr`cas`r uofvarsftbr m`kt`r

folfoar Gfrkab K`sgb( pr`rakt`r( f'bu mascurbt bktfvftbtab o kahagbf duoa k`omfff/

J`f sabrb( ma hb `rb 26( b bvut h`k ` Takapfa( uoma bu c`stprazaof gbf guhf pbrtfkfpbof( btg`scarb cffom uob mastfos( maduo mfsp`zffa( rahbxbot( fotarbktfv( kaf prazaof axprfgomu'fdukurfb raothofrff ku lbzmaha o`bstra spftbhfara/Sfoarf mfgfoabb( ma hb `rb >(;5( b bvut h`k oralfstrbrabpbrtfkfpbofh`r hb K`ocarfo( kom oa'bu c`st ogobta f v`hugahaku hukrrfha tffofcfka mbr f Mfph`gaha ma pbrtfkfpbra f ma Axkahao(hb `rb 6 bvom h`k Karag`ofb ma masknfmara( o sbhb ma K`ocarfoa(K`rpuh B/

M`bgob pr`c/ uofv/ mr/ fol/ Gbrfb ]urt`f b sbhutbt prazaobo sbh b `bspafh`r mfo br f strfotbta( fbr m`gouh pr`c/ uofv/

Gfrkab K`sgb( pr`rakt`ruh Qofvarsftff( b makhbrbt masknfsahukrrfha kahaf ma'b SFF'b K`ocarfoa Obf`obha ku pbrtfkfpbrafotarobf`obh( ma hb [fdfu/ Bu urgbt m`u prazaotrf o phaouhsasfuoff( uob b pr`c/ uofv/ mr/ T`guhus Fblru( Makbouh Cbkuhtff matffoa Ak`o`gfka( fotftuhbt [tumfu prfvfom mazv`htbrab bcbkarfh`r fturfsguhuf o T`gofb f kab ma'b m`ub( b pr`c/ uofv/ mr/ Dao`of[crh`l( Makbouh Cbkuhtff ma Mrapt( tffoa [`kfbha f U`hftfka(K`osfmarbff prfvfom cuombgaotaha ta`ratfka bha habmarsnfp'uhufkbrfsgbtfk acfkbka/

Mup ` pbuz ma kbcab( ma hb 25(;5( pbrtfkfpboff bu c`stprazaof( paotru b'f susfoa hukrrfha h`r tffofcfka( o kaha kfokfsakfuof bha K`ocarfoaf( mup kug urgabz: tffoa ak`o`gfka.uoma bu c`st oskrfsa o pr`lrbg kbmra uofvarsftbra ku =5 ma

k`guofkrf&( tffoa jurfmfka .22 hukrrf&( tffoa s`kfbha f p`hftfka .25>'2>3>& fpr`dhagaha hfgdff r`goa o zfbraha f ravfstaha ap`kff f Sfsbrf`oT`gbo .2>;;'2>>1& f Bgfkuh k`bhaf .huptb paotru ` `rt`lrbcfarbf`obh( k`osakvaot f uoftbr o b m`ub jugtbta b sak`huhuf bh^F^'hab&/

]fgp ma traf `ra( po hb 2;(;5( kaf prazaof hb mazdbtarf bumbt kftfra kah`r bpr`bpa 65 ma k`guofkrf( susfoomu'f( kubrlugaota mfotra kaha gbf putarofka( puoktaha ma vamara( huom o

kbhkuh f foom k`ot f ma `pfoffha kah`r prazaof( mfbh`luh cffombprfos( k`ostruktfv( k`otfouom f mup oknafarab hukrrfh`r pasakfuof Bk`h` uoma pbrtfkfpboff ou f'bu apufzbt fmafha( b urgbt

othofrab ma mup'bgfbz( spra b cf oknafbta( cfobhfzbta t`btahukrrfha/

f o bouh bkastb( hb cah kb o boff botarf`rf( mazdbtarfhapbrtfkfpbofh`r bu c`st omahuolf( r`mofka( cfakbra axprfgomu'f kutrfa lomurfha( fmafha( bmasab( puoktaha ma vamara k`otrbmfkt`rff buc`st osufta( o gbra pbrta( ma kaf prazaof( otrukt k`otrbmfkffhaobsk pr`lrasuh( kug sa spuoa( mfbh`luh kbmrah`r uofvarsftbra cffom

uouh vfu( mfsputbt f( cr om`fbh( t`bta fmafha f `pfoffha axprfgbtaf'bu lsft h`kuh o pblfofha v`hugah`r pudhfkbta( o r`go faolhaz( paotru b sa k`ostftuf otr'uo buxfhfbr praf`s( rabh( f paotru

bhf kftft`rf( m`rofkf s kuo`bsk t`t gbf guhta mbta( `pfoff( mfom`gaofuh tffoaf k`otagp`rboa( pa kbra s ha p`bt bphfkb bp`f( kusukkas( hb h`kuh ma guok/

Gbsb castfv b okuouobt ` zf axtrag ma phfo( ma d`lbt oavaofgaota( pbrtfkfpboff f'bu k`otfoubt f bfkf mfsputb( ku gbfguht osuchafra( pbrk( mom lhbs( t`t`mbt( ag`ffh`r ka f'bu

okarkbt hb bkabst o`u othofra( ha'bg guhugft o g`m masknfslbzmah`r o`bstra sfdfaoa f t`f oa'bg pr`gfs k o bouh urgt`r( oprfgvbrb vfft`bra( hb scrftuh huf gbrtfa( kb f po bkug( oa v`gravamab hb kab ma'b SFFF'b amffa( hb Bhgb Gbtar/

Hakt`r uofvarsftbr mr/ Sbharfkb Mrbfkb

Qofvarsftbtab mfo @rbmab( Cbkuhtbtab ma Hftara

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4 ' b phtft skugp bhturf ma apfsk`pff Fuhfu N`su( Bhaxbomru Tusu(.ka sa bchbu o 2613 ku m`gfkfhfu c`rbt hb Kurtab ma Brla& f pra`ff kbo`ofk Hum`vfk Sfmb( Lna`rlna Gbrfbo( c`st pr`t`p`p ma Dbfb Gbra(

Ubuh [avar( Bhaxbomru [srbo( Bhaxbomru Tbfu ' mfo lrupuh kr`rb bckut pbrta( t`f kaf kfokf pra`f cffom brastbf o bkahbf bo 2613( uoffknfbr raokbrkarbf( paotru bkahbf g`tfv ' pr`pblbom o c`h`suhDfsarfkff Lrak`'Kbt`hfka prfo rspomfra ma cfufkf f bktfvftbtakhbomastfo .bg kftbt mfo bkahbf m`sbr&/Mfo m`kugaotaha stumfbta bg mask`parft k( ma cbpt( obhtb trmbraarb racuzuh ma'b okbhkb jurgotuh pa kbra h'b ckut o cbb hufMugoazau ma'b rgoa stbt`rofk kramfoaf o Dfsarfkb Lrak`'Kbt`hfk fo Ubpb ma hb T`gb/`kuh k`otbkuhuf ku bkast m`sbr b c`st kugphft/ Bg krazut k suot `pars`bo putarofk kbra vb rauf s trabk ' ku ` gfofg matbbra ' makaha ka v`f lsf skrfsa o m`sbr( mbr o 'b c`st mah`k bb/ Ou p`f s ou cfffomflobt hb kuhga kom vazf kt ma u`r s'b putut mfspuoa ma vfbb uo`r`bgaof/ Ma hb fomflobra hb rapuhsfa f curfa o 'b c`st makt uo pbs/ Bgtrft t`bta bkasta strf ku cfakbra makhbrbfa bkuzbt`bra hb bmrasb tbthufgau f b kah`rhbhf pra`f ku kbra arb k`oax o m`sbr .pra`ff bgfotff gbfsus prakug f apfsk pff oknff hb Kurtab ma Brla&/Mbk hb okaput( sakurftbtab prfo `bgaoff af h'bu ougft pra`trazfstaot( c`st lrak` kbt`hfk( ku gaotbhftbta gfk durlnaz( gbofst

oc`kbt .maf( t`t af rakuo`sk o bhta makhbrbff k ou cbka pbrta mfo ofkfuo pbrtfm&( pa pbrkursuh urgrfrff mav