Razboi Rece Sau Pace Fierbinte

7/23/2019 Razboi Rece Sau Pace Fierbinte

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ACADEMIA FOR ELOR TERESTRE

NICOLAE BALCESCU

SIBIU

ELEMENTE DE ARTA MILITARA

RZBOI RECE SAU PACE FIERBINTE

REALIZAT DE :

SD.SG. LCTU IONU ALIN


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Introducere

Razboiul Rece (1947-1991)a fost o conf!nta" #"sc$%s&' non(%)%ta& *% )%(%tat&' ca" s+a #",-o)tat #!& a) Do%)"a R&,/o% Mon#%a) 0nt" #o!& 1!!% #" stat" ca" a-"a! %#"o)o1%% *%s%st"(" o)%t%c" #%a("ta) o!s". 2nt+!n 1! s" af)a! URSS*% a)%a3%% "%' c&oa )% s" (a% s!n"a*% Blocul orientl !u r"!"riten.C")&)a)t 1! c!%n#"a SUA *% a)%a3%% )o 'n!(%3% *%Blocul occi#entl !u $u!en%

La n%-") (%)%ta+o)%t%c a fost o conf!nta" 0nt" Not$ At)ant%c T"at4 O1an%,at%on5NATO' O1an%,a3%a Tatat!)!% At)ant%c!)!% #" No#6 *% 7act!) #" )a 8a*o-%a. La n%-") "cono(%c

a fost o conf!nta" 0nt" ca%ta)%s( *% soc%a)%s(.La n%-") %#"o)o1%co+o)%t%c' a fost oconf!nta" 0nt" #"(oca3%%)" )%/"a)" occ%#"nta)" 5a*a+n!(%ta 9)!(" )%/"&' 9soc%"tat"a#"sc$%s&6 *% "1%(!%)" co(!n%st" tota)%ta" 5a*a+n!(%ta 9soc%"tat"a 0nc$%s&6. 2nf!nta"a #%nt"c")" #o!& /)oc!% a fost numit Rzboiul Rece, deoarece nu s-a ajuns la confruntri directemilitare dintre surauteri .

D%n !nct!) #" -"#"" a) st!#%%)o stat"1%c"' n! s+a a!ns *% n! s" !t"a a!n1" )a !n&,/o% 9ca)#' )a o conf!nta" con-"n3%ona)&' #ato%t& fat!)!% c& a(/")" s!a!t"% s+a! #otatc! a(" ato(%c" *% n!c)"a"' c""a c" a c"at o s%t!a3%" stat"1%c& #" #"sc!aa" *% /)oca""c%oc&. 2n ca, conta' s+a f% a!ns )a o #%st!1"" "c%oc& tota)& *% )a o catastof& (on#%a)&.D%n !nct!) #" -"#"" a) s"-%c%%)o s"c"t"' a fost o conf!nta" 0nt" s"-%c%%)" occ%#"nta)" #"9%nt"))%1"nc" 5s%ona6 50n %(!) ;n# c")" a("%can"' CIA' NASA' #a *% c")" /%tan%c"'1"(an"' fanc","' %ta)%"n"' "tc.6 *% s"-%c%%)" #" o)%3%" o)%t%c& a)" "1%(!%)o tota)%ta"co(!n%st" 50n %(!) 0n#' t"n& a SUA *% a URSS 0nc& #%n ?@' c;n# s+afo)os%t "nt! %(a oa& t"("n!)' *% ;n& )a co)as!) Un%!n%% So-%"t%c" #%n ?@@?. D%n !nct #"

-"#"" a) (%)oac")o !t%)%,at"' R&,/o%!) R"c" a fost o )!t& 0n ca" s+a! !t%)%,at "s%!n"a"cono(%c&' a!to!) s")"ct%-' (an"-")" #%)o(at%c"' oa1an#a' asas%nat!)' o"a3%!n%)"(%)%ta" #" %nt"ns%tat" (%c& *% %(%n"nt!) &,/o% " sca& (a". R&,/o%!) R"c" s+a 0nc$"%at o#at&c! &/!*%"a "1%(!%)o co(!n%st" so-%"t%c" *% "1%(!)!% URSS.


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!ri"inile Razboiului Rece

!ri"inile Rzboiului Reces!nt 0n 1"n"a) cons%#"at" c& 0 % a! &c%n%)" 0n ")a %%)"

#%nt" Un%!n"a So-%"t%c& % a)%a %% Stat")" Un%t"'Ma"a B%tan%" % Fan a 0n "%oa#a 5?@+

?@6. Ac"st" "-"n%("nt" a! #!s )a R&,/o%!) R"c"'ca" a #!at aoa" !(&tat" #" s"co).

E-"n%("nt")" ant"%oa" c")!% #"+a) Do%)"a R&,/o% Mon#%a) % c$%a a R"-o)! %"% R!s" #%n

?@?' a! !s /a,")" t"ns%!n%)o 0na%nt" #" a) Do%)"a R&,/o% Mon#%a) 0nt" Un%!n"a So-%"t%c&'

&%)" occ%#"nta)" % Stat")" Un%t" a)" A("%c%%.

O s"%" #" "-"n%("nt" 0n t%(!) % #!& a) #o%)"a &,/o% (on#%a) a! ">ac"/at t"ns%!n%)"'%nc)!s%-act!) so-%"to+1"(an0n %(%% #o% an% a% &,/o%!)!%' #!c;n# )a %n-a,%%)" !)t"%oa"'

"c" %a 0nt;,%"%% %n-a,%"% an1)o+a("%can" 0n No(an#%a"nt! ")%/"a"a E!o"% oc!at" #"

1"(an%' s%%n!) "nt! Cata At)ant%c!)!%' #",aco#!) )a conf"%n ")" 0n t%(!) &,/o%!)!%

#"s" soata E!o"% #" Est' c"a"a #" cat" so-%"t%c% a B)oc!)!% &s&%t"ana stat")o

sat")%tso-%"t%c"' a)%a %% occ%#"nta)% a! "s%ns 7)an!) Mo1"nt$a!"nt! a s%%n% "const!c %a

%n#!st%"% 1"(an"' % a! %()"("ntat 7)an!) Mas$a)).
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alia%C8%9Bii_din_al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondialhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alia%C8%9Bii_din_al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondialhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statele_Unitehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statele_Unitehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Britaniehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Britaniehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C8%9Bahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C8%9Bahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1945https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Recehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Recehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondialhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83_din_1917https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83_din_1917https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83_din_1917https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americiihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pactul_Ribbentrop-Molotovhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziua_Zhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziua_Zhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carta_Atlanticuluihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_de_Esthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocul_r%C4%83s%C4%83riteanhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_satelithttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_satelithttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planul_Morgenthauhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planul_Morgenthauhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planul_Marshallhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planul_Marshallhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alia%C8%9Bii_din_al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondialhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statele_Unitehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_Britaniehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C8%9Bahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1945https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1947https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Recehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Mondialhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83_din_1917https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83_din_1917https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statele_Unite_ale_Americiihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pactul_Ribbentrop-Molotovhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziua_Zhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carta_Atlanticuluihttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_de_Esthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocul_r%C4%83s%C4%83riteanhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_satelithttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat_satelithttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planul_Morgenthauhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planul_Marshallhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83


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#nceuturile Rzboiului Rece

7&/!*%"a A>"% *% "!%,a"a E!o"% a! )&sat fa3& 0n fa3& " c"% #o% (a% 0n-%n1&to%: SUA *%URSS. An1)%a' c$%a #ac& a cont%/!%t "no( )a -%cto%"' "!%,at& #" " !(a &,/o%!)!% a #"-"n%t

con*t%"nt& c& t"/!%a s& 0nc"#%n3"," foat" a%# A("%c%%"sonsa/%)%t&3%)" sa)" (on#%a)". Fan3a's"c&t!%t& *% "a' a "f"at s&+*% consac" toat" fo3")" "const!c3%"% *% "%nsta!&%% conto)!)!% as!a%("%!)!% co)on%a) o%!. C$%na' #!& *at" an% #" &,/o% *% oc!a3%" aon",&' s" af)a " !nct!)#" a f% c!%ns& #" &,/o% c%-%). 7"nt! o -"(" s+a c",!t c& SUA *% URSS ot a!n1" )a !n aco#co(!n 0n c""a c" %-"*t" o1an%,a"a )!(%%.

D%n n"f"%c%"' #%s!t")" n! a! 0nt;,%at s& aa& *% ")" a! #"1"n"at 0nt+o )!n1& "%oa#& #"conf)%ct (ocn%t' c&"%a % s+a #at n!(")" #" =R&,/o% "c". Ac"st t"("n!) *%+a f&c!t aa%3%a 0nStat")" Un%t"' )a 0nc"!t!) )!% ?@' *% aa3%n" f%nan3%st!)!% B"na# Ba!c$. 7o!)a%,at #" ,%a%st!)a)t" L%(an' ") a fost ")!at c!;n# 0n ("#%%)" o)%t%c" "!o"n" *% a #"s"(nat aot!%)"conf)%ct!a)" #%nt" Est *% 8"st' aot!% (an%f"stat" %n ("to#" #" %nt%(%#a"' oa1an#&'c!c"%"a #" t""n%#"o)o1%c *% c!)t!a)' s!/-"s%!n"' &,/oa%" )oca)" "%f"%c".

L%(%t")" 9R&,/o%!)!% "c" -a%a,& 0n f!nc3%" #" %sto%c%. An#" Fonta%n"' #" ">"()!'c"#" c& a 0nc"!t %("#%at #!&"-o)!3%a /o)*"-%c& *% s+a 0nc$"%at o #at& c! c%,a ac$"t")o#%n ?@. 7"nt! c"a (a% (a" at" a %sto%c%)o' ") s+a #"c)an*at #!& a) Do%)"a R&,/o%Mon#%a)' a 0n"1%stat o fa,& t"ns%onat& 0nt" ?@ *% ?@H *% !na at"n!at& ;n& )a (%)oc!)an%)o J. R"%n1$"3a"a ")a3%%)o %nt"na3%ona)" #%n an%% ?@K+?@KJ %+a f&c!t " !n%% c"c"t&to%s& "%nto#!c& conc"t!) #" 9R&,/o% "c" 5s+a -o/%t #" as"("n"a #" 97ac"a c&)#!3&6 "nt!a caact"%,a "%oa#a c" a !(at %n-a,%"% so-%"t%c" 0n Af1$an%stan. O%ca" a f% -a%antaco"ct&' &/!*%"a /)oc!)!% "st%c *% #%sa%3%a URSS ca s!"!t"" a! !s' s" a"' ca&t

"nt! tot#"a!na &,/o%!)!% "c".

Et$e le R"&'oiului rece

$% &'estiunea "erman


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7%(")" )!n% #" #!& &,/o% a! c!nosc!t !)t%(")" (an%f"st&% a)" A)%an3"%' c!( a f% a#"a"a!3%n "nt!,%ast& a )!% Sta)%n )a cata ONU' s"(na"a tatat")o #" ac" 0nt" 0n-%n1&to% *% a)%a3%%G"(an%"% 5F%n)an#a' Ita)%a' Ro(;n%a' Un1a%a' B!)1a%a6' aco#!) #%n no%"(/%" ?@ 1aant;n#)%/"tat"a #" s!-o)a" a a-%oan")o 0n c!)oa")" a"%"n" c" )"a1& c")" t"% ,on" #" oc!a3%"occ%#"nta)" *% B")%n!)' *% oc"s!) #" )a Nn/"1 5no%"(/%" ?@ + octo(/%" ?@' !n#" a! ? #"

)%#"% na,%*t% a! fost !#"ca3% "nt! c%(" #" &,/o%6.Tot!*%' c$"st%!n"a 1"(an& a "sca)a#at #%f""n#")" #%nt" !*% *% occ%#"nta)%. La

7ots#a( 5%!)%" ?@6 f!s"s"& f%>at" font%"")" "st%c" 5)%n%a O#"+N"%ss"6 *% s" sta/%)%s" soatano%% G"(an%%. Ac"asta "a a#(%n%stat& #" !n cons%)%! %nt"a)%at *% #%-%,at& 0n ,on" #"oc!a3%" 5!s&' a("%can&' /%tan%c& *% fanc",&6' )a f") ca *% B")%n!)' s%t!at 0n ,ona so-%"t%c&.D"*% )a a)ta f!s"s"& sta/%)%t" con#%3%%)" #" o1an%,a" a G"(an%"%' "-"#"%)" n+a! (a% fost"s"ctat". URSS' a) c&"% t"%to%! a fost &-&*%t #" &,/o%' a 0n3")"s ca t"/!%a s& tansfo("G"(an%a 0nt+o 3a& ">c)!s%- a1%co)&' %ncaa/%)& s&+*% %a "-an*a. 2n ac"st s"ns' so-%"t%c%% a!#"(aat ac3%!n"a #" #"(onta" a !,%n")o s%t!at" 0n ,ona " ca" o conto)a!' "nt! a+*%

"const!% o%a sa "cono(%". S" #"os"/%" #" !*%' a("%can%% *% /%tan%c%% a! "n!n3at )ao)%t%ca #" #%st!1"" a %n#!st%"% *% #" #"na,%f%ca"' t"(;n#!+s" ca n! c!(-a fost!) R"%c$'s&&c%t' %-at #" ca#" *% n"(!)3!(%t #" soata sa' s& /asc!)"," s" co(!n%s(. 7"nt! Sta)%n'ac"ast& at%t!#%n" a fost #o-a#a &st!n&%% stat"1%"% %n%3%a)" *% o ">"s%" a #o%n3"% occ%#"nta)%)o #"a "const!% o G"(an%" !t"n%c&' a)%at& a %("%a)%s(!)!%. 7"1&t%n# ,ona &s&%t"an& "nt!%nsta!a"a !n!% "1%( co(!n%st' Sta)%n #"c)an*a' #" fat' 9#%a)o1!) s!,%)o.

La %!n%" ?@' s"c"ta!) #" stat a("%can Mas$a)) a o!s' 0n #%sc!s!) s&! #" )aa-a#' !n -ast )an #" as%st"n3& a("%can& "nt! "#"sa"a E!o"% 5ER7'uroeanRecoer* +ro"ram6. E) "s!!n"a )%-&% #" o#!s" c! t%t)! 1at!%t *% c"#%t" c! #o/;n,% foat"sc&,!t" f%nan3at" #" T",o"%a a("%can&. 2n contaat%#&' 3&%)" "!o"n" t"/!%a! s& s" conc"t","

"nt! a+*% #"f%n% )an!) #" "#"sa" *% a )!a (&s!%)" n"c"sa" "nt! a+*% as%1!a sta/%)%tat"a(on"#")o. A!to!) n! "a aco#at f%"c&"% 3&% 0n at"' c% !n!% o1an%s( 1!;n# /"n"f%c%a%% *%"at%,;n# c"#%t")" 0nt" ac"*t%a' Ac"st a!to "cono(%c #" "st" ?J JJJ (%)%oan" #" #o)a% + #%nt"ca" "st" !(&tat" 0(&3%t" 0nt" G"(an%a #" 8"st' Ita)%a' Fan3a *% Ma"a B%tan%" a fostacc"tat c! "nt!,%as( #" ? 3&%' ca" -o const%t!% OECE. D"*% of"ta s+a a#"sat' 0n "1a)& (&s!&' *%stat")o #%n E!o"% #" Est' %a 7o)on%a *% C"$os)o-ac%a a! fost 1ata s&+o acc"t"'


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O #at& c! c%,a B")%n!)!% *% 9)o-%t!a #" stat #" )a 7a1a 5ca" 0% a#!c"a )a !t""' 0ncon#%3%% #a(at%c"' " co(!n%*t%% ;n& at!nc% (%no%ta% 0n C"$os)o-ac%a6' occ%#"nta)%% a! #"c%s s&acc")""," "const%t!%"a' 0n ,ona ca" )" "-"n%s" )o' !n!% stat 1"(an !t"n%c "cono(%c *% o)%t%c'!n a#"-&at /aa 0n ca)"a co(!n%s(!)!%. 7%(a "ta& a oc"s!)!% ca" a #!s' 0n (a% ?@@' )ac"a"a R"!/)%c%% F"#"a)" a G"(an%"%' c! ca%ta)a *% 1!-"n!) )a Bonn' a fost "fo(a (on"ta&

o"at& #" an1)o+a("%can% 0n s"ctoa")" )o f!,%onat" 5/%+,ona6. 7" HJ (a% ?@@ a-"a s& s"oc)a(" *% R"!/)%ca D"(ocat%c& G"(an&' #" o/"#%"n3& co(!n%st&' c! ca%ta)a 0n B")%n!) #" Est.

% +actul $tlanticuluiLa a%)%" ?@@' )a as$%n1ton' "","ntan3%% a ? 3&% a! s"(nat act!) #"

const%t!%" a A)%an3"% at)ant%c": SUA' Cana#a' Ma"a B%tan%"' Fan3a' Ita)%a' B")1%a' O)an#a'L!>"(/!1' 7ot!1a)%a' No-"1%a' Dan"(aca' Is)an#a. La /a,a act!)!% a stat t"a(aocc%#"nta)%)o 0n fa3a a-ans&%% co(!n%st" 0n E!oa 5c"a"a


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&% Rzboiul din &oreea(19.-19/)R&,/o%!) #%n Co""a a fost !n!) #%n "-"n%("nt")" (ao" a)" &,/o%!)!% "c"' #ato%t& a#%ca)%,&%%o,%3%"% c")o #o!& /)oc!%. D!& c"' " ? octo(/%" ?@@' Mao Z"#on1 a oc)a(at R"!/)%ca7o!)a& C$%n",&' 0n-%n1;n# t!")" na3%ona)%st" a)" )!% Tc$an1 "#%3%ona !s s!/ "1%#a ONU 50n a/s"n3a#")"1at!)!% so-%"t%c' Cons%)%!) #" s"c!%tat" a con#a(nat a1"s%!n"a no#+co""an&6. D"*% %n%3%a) a!fost !*% 0n #%f%c!)tat"' a("%can%% ca" a! #"/acat 0n s"t"(/%" " coasta #" 8"st' aoa" #"Inc$on *%+a! "s%ns a#-"sa%% 0ns" No#' 0n #%"c3%a f)!-%!)!% a)o!' ca" (ac$"a,& font%"a c!C$%na. Mao a #"c%s' )a ;n#!) s&!' s& %nt"-%n& #%"ct 0n )!t&' t%(%3;n# )a S!# #" a)o! (a% (!)t"s!t" #" (%% #" -o)!nta%' ca" a! o/)%1at !n%t&3%)" ONU s& /at& 0n "ta1"". 2n ac") (o("nt s+aan1aat c")"/a #%s!t& 0nt" 1"n"a)!) MacAt$! 5ca" %nt"n3%ona s& fo)os"asc& a(a ato(%c& "nt!a+% fac" " c$%n",% s& #"a 0nao%6 *% "*"#%nt")" T!(an 5ca"' t"(;n#!+s" #" #"c)an*a"a !n!% A)

T"%)"a R&,/o% Mon#%a)' 0) -a 0n)oc!% " 1"n"a) #" )a co(an#&6.La sf;*%t!) an!)!% ?@?' font!) s+a sta/%)%,at 0n -"c%n&tat"a aa)")"% HK' %a tatat%-")" a! #!s0n %!)%" ?@H' #!& (oat"a )!% Sta)%n' )a a(%st%3%!) #" )a 7a( M!n o(.

0% &onflictele din !rientul ijlociuC"a"a !n!% stat "-"! 0n (a% ?@K a fost !nct!) c!)(%nant !n!% )!n1 oc"s %sto%c' on%t #" )asf;*%t!) s"co)!)!% VIV' c;n# 0nt+!n cont">t 0n ca" a! %nt"-"n%t at;t %#""a na3%ona)& c;t *%"s"c!3%%)" con#!s" 0n E!oa #" Est 0(ot%-a an!(%to co(!n%t&3% "-"%"*t% s+a const%t!%t (%*ca"as%on%st&. 5S%on' -"c$%!) n!(" a) fost"% c"t&3% a I"!sa)%(!)!%6 7%nc%a)!) an%(ato a) s%on%s(!)!% a fostsc%%to!) !n1! T$"o#o" ",).' %a sco!) s%on%s(!)!% a fost ac")a a fo(a !n c&(%n na3%ona) ca"

s& "1!"," 0n 7a)"st%na )"a1&n!) oo!)!% I!% Isa") "-"%% #%n0iasora% 2nc& #%n ?KK' sat" #"%on%"% a! fost c"at" 0n ac"ast& 3a& af)at& at!nc% s!/ conto) oto(an' %a' 0n ?@?' 1!-"n!) /%tan%cs+a an1aat %n #"c)aa3%a Ba)fo! 9s& #"!n& toat" "fot!%)" "nt! "a)%,a"a o%"ct!)!%s%on%st. D" a)tf")' /%tan%c%% a! o/3%n!t 0n ?@J !n (an#at #%n at"a Soc%"t&3%% Na3%!n%)oas!a 7a)"st%n"%' #a s+a! a&tat !3%n #%s!*% s&+*% 3%n& o(%s%!n"a f&c!t& )%#"%)o s%on%*t%')%(%t;n# %(%1a"a "-"%asc&.


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Tot!*%' 0nc";n# c! ?@' 1!-"n!) #" )a Lon#a' n"!t;n#!+s" o!n" sos%%% (as%-" a"-"%)o sc&a3% #%n 1"noc%#!) $%t)"%st 5JK JJJ #" "-"% 0n 7a)"st%na 0n ?@' #%nt+o o!)a3%"tota)& #" ? KJJ JJJ #" )oc!%to%6 a #"c%s s& s"s%,"," A#!na"a G"n"a)& a Na3%!n%)o Un%t". 2nno%"(/%" ?@' ONU a a#otat !n )an #" 0(&3%" a 7a)"st%n"%. Fost!) t"%to%! s!/(an#at /%tan%c !(a s& f%" 0n)oc!%t #" #o!& stat" )"1at" %nt+o !n%!n" "cono(%c&' !n!)

"-"!' c")&)a)t aa/' I"!sa)%(!) *% B"t$)""(!) fo(;n# o "nc)a-& c! stat!t %nt"na3%ona).7o%"ct!) a fost acc"tat #" "-"%' #a "s%ns #" a)"st%n%"n% *% #" 3&%)" aa/" ca" #o"a!c"a"a !n!% stat %n#""n#"nt !n%ta. 2n c%!#a ac"st"% oo,%3%%' Ma"a B%tan%" #"c%,;n# s&!n& ca&t (an#at!)!% s&!' a oc)a(at %n#""n#"n3a Isa")!)!%' %a SUA *% URSS a!"c!nosc!t+o %("#%at' )a ? (a% ?@K.

R"ac3%a %("#%at& a fost #"c)an*a"a &,/o%!) c! stat")" aa/" -"c%n" ca" a! "f!,at s&acc"t" fat!) 0()%n%t. Conf!nt&%)" a! #!at ;n& 0n f"/!a%" ?@@ *% s+a! t"(%nat c!-%cto%a (%c%% a(at" %sa")%"n" 5J JJJ #" co(/atan3%6. Isa")!) a o/3%n!t !n tas"! a)font%""% (a% a-antaos #"c;t c") #%n ?@ *% a #"-"n%t c") #"+a) @+ )"a stat a) Na3%!n%)o

Un%t". C! toat" ac"st"a' aa/%% a! "f!,at s& "c!noasc& stat!) "-"!' 0n t%( c" %sa")%"n%% n! a!acc"tat %nt"na3%ona)%,a"a I"!sa)%(!)!%' #"c%s& #" ONU. 2(&3%t 0nt" "% *% %o#an%"n% 5ca"a! an">at 7a)"st%na aa/&6' oa*!) sf;nt a fost oc)a(at ca%ta)a stat!)!% "-"!.

A1a-a"a conf)%ct!)!% %sa")%ano+aa/ a of"%t c")o #o!& (a% !t"% oca,%a #" s"%()%ca 0n o)%t%ca O%"nt!)!% M%)oc%!' %a !na #%nt" c")" (a% %(otant" o/)"(" aconst%t!%t+o 9Cana)!) S!",. 7" %!)%" ?@' co)on")!) Nass" 5c") ca" ")!as" !t""a 0n E1%t#o% an% (a% #"-"("' !(&%n# "a)%,a"a' 0n !!) 3&%% sa)"' a !n%t&3%% )!(%% aa/"6' a #"c%sna3%ona)%,a"a co(an%"% cana)!)!%' a% c&"% ac3%ona% "a! 0n (ao%tat" fanc",% *% "n1)",%. 2n"a)a/%)' ") a o/3%n!t #%n at"a so-%"t%c%)o !n a!to (%)%ta %(otant' ca *% o(%s%!n"a #" a f%nan3a)!c&%)" /aa!)!% #" )a Asso!an' #" " N%)' #"st%nat s& so"asc& "s!s")" "n"1"t%c" a)" 3&%% *% (a%

a)"s s& ">t%n#& !t"n%c %%1a3%%)". D%)o(a3%a


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C") #"+a) t"%)"a &,/o% %sa")%ano+aa/ 9R&,/o%!) c")o *as" ,%)" a %,/!cn%t 0n %!n%" ?@c;n# fo3")" #" ("n3%n"" a &c%% a)" Na3%!n%)o Un%t"' 9c&*t%)" a)/ast"' %nsta)at" 0n ,onacana)!)!% c! oca,%a c%,"% S!",!)!%' s+a! "tas )a c"""a )!% Nass". 7"oc!a3% s& !n& ca&tact%-%t&3%)o co(/atan3%)o a)"st%n%"n% ca" o"as"& #" " t"%to%!) E1%t!)!%' S%%"% *%Io#an%"%' #a *% s& st&!n1& /)oca#a " ca" Nass" a o1an%,at+o )a %"*%"a #%n 1o)f!) AQa/a'

%sa")%"n%% a! #"c)an*at " %!n%" !n &,/o% f!)1" 0(ot%-a a#-"sa%)o s&%. Ac"sta a #!at ,%)" *% s+a t"(%nat c! o -%cto%" tota)& a Isa")!)!% ca" a oc!at S%na%+!)' o at" a )ato!)!%s%%an' ,ona Go)an *% C%s%o#an%a' an">;n#' toto#at&' oa*!) I"!sa)%(.

% Rzboiul din 2ietnamD"c"n%!) ?@+?@ c!noa*t" 0nc"!t!) an1a&%% a("%can" 0n As%a #" S!#+Est.

Aco#!%)" #" )a G"n"-a "-"#"a! "!n%f%ca"a 8%"tna(!)!%' 0ns& ")" n! a! fost s"(nat" n%c%#" Stat")" Un%t"' n%c% #" -%"tna(",%% #%n s!#. D" o at" *% #" a)ta a aa)")"% #" ?' o!t!& #!a/%)& &"a a s" c"a 0nt" 8%"tna(!) #" No# co(!n%st' con#!s #" o+C$%+(%n$' *% 8%"tna(!) #" S!#' 0n ca" 0(&at!) Bao+Da% f!s"s" 0n#"&tat #" " ton!) s&!0nc& #%n ?@ #" %(!) s&! (%n%st! N1o D%n$+D%"(. S%%n%n#!+s" " /!1$",%a #%nSa%1on *% " cato)%c% 5c%ca !n (%)%on' #%nt" ca" (!)3% "f!1%a3% -"n%3% #%n No#6' ac"sta a"f!,at o1an%,a"a #" a)"1"% 1"n"a)" s!/ conto) %nt"na3%ona)' "-&,!t" %n aco#!%)"#%n %!)%" ?@' *% ca" o/a/%) a f% a#!s -%cto%a a#-"sa%)o s&%. U(a"a a fost tansfo(a"a"1%(!) s&! 0nt+o #%ctat!& (%)%ta& s%%n%t& #" a("%can%.

A)%c;n# 0n 8%"tna( 9t"o%a #o(%no!)!% 0n#&1%t& #" Fost" D!))"s 5con-"s%!n"a !n"% 3&% )aco(!n%s( ant"n"a,& %n conta(%na" stat")" -"c%n"6' as$%n1ton!) *%+a o!s s& s%%n" S!#+Est!)as%at%c' t%(%3;n#' 0n 8%"tna(!) #" S!#' 0nc";n# c! ?@' 9cons%)%"%% (%)%ta%' a(a("nt!) *% #o)a%.2n aa)") c! ac3%!n"a #" s!s3%n"" a "1%(!)!% D%"( #!s& #" a("%can%' 0n 8%"tna(!) #" S!# a a&!t

*% ",%st"n3a c)an#"st%n& 0n fa3a #%ctat!%% )!% D%"( *% a c)an!)!% s&!. Font!) Na3%ona) #" E)%/"a"5FNL6 %+a "1!at 0n ?@J " to3% oo,an3%% "1%(!)!% #%"(%st. Ac"*t%a' /ot",a3% 2ietcon"s5co(!n%*t% -%"tna(",%6 #" c&t" )%#"%% #" )a Sa%1on' "a! 0n (ao%tat" (a>%*t% ca" a! )!tat sa! n!0n ;n#!%)" 8%"t(%n$+!)!%' #a *% ("(/%% #%n c"c!%)" (%)%ta" ost%)" )!% D%"( *% ca" a! "!*%t s&sca" c! -%a3& #" t"oa"a %nsta!at&' /!#%*t% sa! )%/"a)%. 7"*"#%nt")" ' a fost (%ta)%at& #" -as")" #" at!)a" no#+-%"tna(",". I("#%at' s!cc"so!))!% t;n# c& ("n3%n""a&c%% *% s"c!%t&3%% 0n As%a #" S!#+Est "st" "s"n3%a)& "nt! %nt""s")" na3%ona)" *% "nt! ac"a


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)!(%%. 7"st" JJ JJJ #" %nfant"%*t% a("%can% a! )!tat a)&t!% #" (%c% cont%n1"nt" a)%at" *% #"aoa" KJJ JJJ #" s!#+-%"tna(",%. Bo(/a#a("nt")" s%st"(at%c"' #" o at" *% #" a)ta a aa)")"%? c! naa)(' #"fo)%ant"' /o(/" ant%+"sona)' /o(/" c! a"oso) a! f&c!t s!t" #" (%% #" -%ct%("f&& a "!*% s& #%st!1& -o%n3a #" ",%st"n3& a ano%+!)!%.

La 0nc"!t!) )!% ?@K' 0n t%( c" o at" a o%n%"% !/)%c" a("%can" (an%f"sta c! !t""

ost%)%tat"a sa fa3" &,/o%' !n atac 1"n"a) )ansat #" c&t" FNL 0(ot%-a oa*")o *% /a,")oa("%can" #%n S!# 59of"ns%-a #" T"t6 a (o#%f%cat soata &,/o%!)!%. Ea a #"(onstat 1!-"n!)!% #")a as$%n1ton c& o -%cto%" 0n 8%"tna( %()%ca an1aa("nt!) Stat")o Un%t" 0nt+!n &,/o% tota)' ca"costa (!)3% oa("n%' /an% *% "st%1%!.

Sos%"a )a !t"" a )!% R%c$a# N%>on 5?@@6 a a#!s sc$%(/a"a a#%ca)& a o)%t%c%% a("%can"0n As%a #" S!#+Est. No!) "*"#%nt" a an!n3at o "ta1"" o1"s%-& a fo3")o an1aat" 0n In#oc$%na.2n %!)%" ?@@' 0n #"c!s!) !n"% c&)&to%% 0n 7ac%f%c' ") 0*% ",!(a %#"%)" #"s" -%"tna(%,a"aconf)%ct!)!% *% o)%t%ca " ca" Stat")" Un%t" !(a s+o o(o-"," 0n As%a 0n !(&to%% t"("n%: a!tof%nanc%a *% (at"%a) aco#at f&& ","-" 9na3%!n%)o #on%c" s&+*% as!(" "sonsa/%)%tat"a #" a f!n%,aoa("n% "nt! a s" a&a ")" 0ns")".

D!& )!n1% *% #%f%c%)" n"1oc%"% 0nt" cons%)%"!) "*"#%nt")!% a("%can' "n4


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n urma Rzboiului Rece, Rusia a redus dramatic cheltuielile militare.Procesul de restructurare a economiei n fosta Uniune Sovietic a lsat

milioane de omeri.Reformele capitaliste au culminat ntr-o recesiune multmai sever dect cea de care SU! i "ermania au avut parte n timpulMariicrize economice.

Perioada de dup Rzboiul Rece a continuat s in#uen$eze afacerile dinlumea ntrea%.&up dizolvareaUniunii Sovietice, lumea de dup RzboiulRece este considerat, n %eneral, ca unipolar, cu Statele Unite sin%urasuperputere rmas.Rzboiul Rece a de'nit rolul politic al Statelor Unite nperioada postbelic (dup cel de-al &oilea Rzboi )ondial*, n lume. Pnn1989SU! avea alian$e militare cu + de $ri i men$inea sub arme unnumr de + militarin duzini de $ri, din care / n 0uropa (dou

treimi nGermania de Vest*i apro1imativ 2/, n !sia (nJaponiaiCoreeade Sud, n special*.

Rzboiul Rece a marcat, de asemenea, vrful pe timp de pace alcomple1ului militar-industrial (Statele Unite ale !mericii, cu deosebire* i o'nan$are militar pe scar lar% a cercetrilor tiin$i'ce.!ceste comple1e,dei ori%inile lor pot ' %site nc din secolul al 23-lea, au crescutconsiderabil n timpul Rzboiului Rece. 4omple1ele militar-industriale au unimpact mare asupra $rilor lor i a5ut la modelarea societ$ii, politicii irela$iilor interna$ionale.

4heltuielile militare ale SU! n anii Rzboiului Rece au fost estimate la6 bilioane de dolari, n timp ce aproape 2. de americani i-au pierdutvia$a nRzboiul din CoreeaiRzboiul din Vietnam.&ei este di'cil de estimatpierderea de vie$i omeneti n rndul solda$ilor sovietici, costul 'nanciarpentru Uniunea Sovietic, privit ca parte din produsul intern brut, a fost multmai mare dect cel suportat de Statele Unite ale !mericii.n plus, datoritluptei superputerilor, pe ln% pierderile de vie$i omeneti din rndulmilitarilor, n lume au mai murit i milioane de civili, mai ales nAsia deSud.4ele mai multe dintre rzboaie i subven$iile pentru con#icte locale s-auncheiat odat cu Rzboiul Rece7 rzboaiele interstatale, rzboaiele etnice,

rzboaiele revolu$ionare, precum i numrul refu%ia$ilor i al persoanelorstrmutate din cauza crizelor politice i militare au sczut brusc n anii dedup Rzboiul Rece.

4u toate acestea, urmele con#ictului Rzboiului Rece nu suntntotdeauna uor de ters, deoarece multe dintre tensiunile economice isociale care au fost e1ploatate pentru a alimenta continuarea RzboiuluiRece, n unele pr$i ale 8umii a 9reia, rmn acute.&efalcarea controlului de
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania_de_Vesthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japoniahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreea_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreea_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_din_Coreeahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_din_Vietnamhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germania_de_Vesthttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japoniahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreea_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coreea_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_din_Coreeahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_din_Vietnamhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_de_Sudhttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_de_Sud


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stat ntr-o serie de domenii anterior conduse de %uverne comuniste a produsnoi con#icte civile i etnice, n special, n fostau!oslavie.n 0uropa de 0st,sfritul Rzboiului Rece a inau%urat o er de cretere economic i decretere a numruluidemocra iilor liberale , n timp ce n alte pr$i ale lumii,cum sunt !f%anistanul i :ra;ul, independen$a a fost nso$it de eeculstatalit$ii.

iblio"rafie
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iugoslaviahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democra%C8%9Biei_liberal%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democra%C8%9Biei_liberal%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iugoslaviahttps://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democra%C8%9Biei_liberal%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1


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https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Recehttps://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Rece

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