Participativism

68
DE LA MODELELE DE PARTICIPATIVISM ALE ANILOR 1970 LA FORME DE COMUNICARE LA SFÂRŞITUL SECOLULUI XX ÎN ARHITECTURĂ ŞI URBANISM Maria Bostenaru

description

translation of the presentation of participative architecture

Transcript of Participativism

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DE LA MODELELE DE PARTICIPATIVISM ALE ANILOR 1970LA FORME DE COMUNICARE LA SFÂRŞITUL SECOLULUI XX ÎN ARHITECTURĂ ŞI URBANISM

Maria Bostenaru

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Formarea conceptului

Comunicare Informare Participare Coordonare Cooperare

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AKTIVEBETROFFENE

PASSIVEÖFFENTLICHKEIT

EXPERTEN

PLANUNGSMANAGEMENT

PROZESSPLANUNGPLANUNGSMARKETING

PROBLEM

Kommunikationzwischen Planern,

Fachleuten und Politikern

Information und MotivationVerhandeln und Erarbeiten

von Lösungen bzw.Interessenausgleich

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Proiectarea strategică

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Proiectarea strategică

a. b. c.

d. e. f.

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Prima generaţie de participativism

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Anii 1960

Imaginea proiectării Critica funcţionalismului Abordări participative

Studii de caz Situaţia de plecare Concept Abordare participativă Efecte Astăzi

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A pattern language

Christopher Alexander

“In a society which emphasizes teaching, children and students – and adults – become passive and unable to think or act for themselves. Creative, active individuals can only grow up in a society which emphasizes learning instead of teaching.”

from “(18) Network of learning” in Alexander et al. (1977)

INPUT

X = Condition

variables

THEN

Z = Answer space

IF

goal

practice

THUS

behaviourY = Statement

“Arrange these departments in space, according to the prescription of OFFICE CONNECTIONS (82) and BUILDING COMPLEX THROUGHFARE (101), and make the fronts of the services visible as a FAMILY OF ENTRANCES (102), wherever the services are in any way connected to the practical life of the community, mix them with ad-hoc groups created by the citizens or users NECKLACE OF COMMUNITY PROJECTS (45); arrange the inside space of the department according to FLEXIBLE OFFICE SPACE (146); and provide rooms, where people can team up in two’s and three’s – SMALL WORK GROUPS (148) .... “

from “(81) Small services without red tape” in Alexander et al. (1977)

“... LOCAL TOWN HALL(44) calls for small centers of local government at the heart of every community. This pattern embellishes the local town hall and other public institutions like it – UNIVERSITY AS A MARKETPLACE (43) and HEALTH CENTER (47) – with a ground for community action.”

from “(45) Necklace of community project” in Alexander et al. (1977)

OUTPUT

variables

* * *

Therefore:

END IF

Cybernetic model Example quotes

“Arrange the work in every workgroup, industry, and office in such way that work and learning go forward hand in hand. Treat every piece of work as an opportunity for learning. To this end, organize work around a tradition of masters and apprentices: and support this form of social organization with a division of the workspace into spatial clusters – one for each master and his apprentices – where they can work and meet together.”

from “(83) Master and apprentices” in Alexander et al.(1977)

* * *

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14Identifiable

neighbourhood

15Neighbourhood

boundary18

Networkof learning

157Home

workshop

43University

as amarketplace 83

Master andapprentices

37Housecluster

36Degrees of publicness

45Necklace ofcommunity

project

41Work

community

80Self-governing

workshopsand offices

148Small

work groups

81Small services

withoutred tape

152Half-private

office

183Workspaceenclosure

205StructureFollows

social spaces

212Columns

at thecorners

206Effectivestructure

207Good

materials

211Thickeningouter walls

217Perimeter

beams

218Wall

membranes

248Soft tile

and brick

249Ornament

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Byker (Newcastle)

Ralph Erskine

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Anii 1970

Participarea de ofertă

Mai multă democraţie Arhitectura autonomă

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Metoda SAR

Ottokar Uhl: Wohnen morgen, Hollabrunn

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Ottokar Uhl: Wohnen morgen, Hollabrunn

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Metoda SAR

Ottokar Uhl: Wohnen morgen, Hollabrunn

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Metoda SAR

Ottokar Uhl: Wohnen morgen, Hollabrunn

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Standort

Größe des Bauvorhabens

Planungsinstanz

Planungsmethodik

Primärstruktur

Einbaupacket

Folgeeinrichtungen

Wohnungsausstattung

Umbau

Professionelle Planer

Nutzer

Planungsentscheidungen Planungsinstanzen

Bauträger

Umbau

Erweiterung

Elimination Bauträger (neu)

Nutzer (gewechselt)

Time (ranking scale)

Sozialsystem(Nominalskala)

Zeit (Intervalskala)

para-professionelles

professionelles

(Laien)

laic

professionelles

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Kramm et Strigl - Wiesbaden

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Kramm et Strigl - Wiesbaden

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Kramm et Strigl - Wiesbaden

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A doua generaţie a participativismului

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Anii 1980

Proiectare strategică Private-Public-Partnerships Parteneriate locale

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MISSION ZIELE

UNTERZIELEMASSNAHMEN-PAKETE

AKTIONS-PLAN

operativeMöglichkeiten

Akteure Modell-projekt

DIAGNOSE

PROBLEME

POTENTIALE

control

- Kommunikationsmittel

- Umsetzungsmittel

- Umsetzungspläne

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Parteneriat localÎnverzirea curţilor

Zürich

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B.R.O.T. Viena, Ottokar Uhl

Forme alternative de locuire: ajutorul vecinilor

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B.R.O.T. Viena, Ottokar Uhl

Forme alternative de locuire: ajutorul vecinilor

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Ottokar Uhl

Wohnen mit Kindern

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Ottokar Uhl

Wohnen mit Kindern

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Ottokar Uhl

Biserică Karlsruhe-Neureut

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Ottokar Uhl

Biserică Karlsruhe-Neureut

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Stabilizarea şi îmbunătăţirea cartierelor dezavantajate prin reţele de cooperare

Bremen Osterholz-Tenever

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Bucureşti

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Anii 1990

Stadtforum Noua semnificaţie a spaţiului liber/public

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Brandeburger Tor

Stadtforum Berlin

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Bundestag

Stadtforum Berlin

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Bundestag

Stadtforum Berlin

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Holocaust Mahnmal

Stadtforum Berlin

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Est-Vest

Stadtforum Berlin

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GrünGürtel Frankfurt

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GrünGürtel Frankfurt

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GrünGürtel Frankfurt

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Genova

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Genova

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Londra

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Noi forme de comunicare

De la ofertă la activare Destandardizare De la proces la problemă De la participare punctuală la strategie

de comunicare

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O interdependenţă

Comunicare-Participare

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EingriffsverwaltungInformation und Anhörung der Verfahrensbeteiligten. Verfahrensrechtsschutz

Technische Dimension

LeistungsverwaltungInformation der breiten Öffentlichkeit. Erörterungen

Organisatorische DimensionSoziale Dimension

Planende VerwaltungAufsuchende und aktivierende Beteiligung

Technische Soziale Dimension

Organisatorische

Partner. Urban Manager

Kooperation

SozialeOrganisatorische

ÖkonomischeTechnischeDimension

Rolle der öffentlichen Verwaltung

Partner. Urban Manager

Planende Verwaltung

Leistungsverwaltung

Eingriffsverwaltung

Beteiligung Kooperation Gemeinsame

Problembearbeitung

Aufsuchende, aktivierende Beteiligung

Information der breiten Öffentlichkeit Erörterungen

Information und Anhörung der Verfahrensbeteiligten

Nutzen von Eigenaktivitäten und

Synergieeffekten

Motivieren, Mobilisieren endo-gener Potentiale, Demokratisieren

Effektivierung von Planung und Umsetzung Demokratisierung der Planung

Verfahrensrechtsschutz

(a) (b)

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Planungs-schritte

alsSchichten

Information

Koordination

Kooperation

S.A.R.Methode

strategischePlanung

PPPempirische

Ansätze

Induktion

+Deduktion

=Regression

Daten-set

Hypothese

Hypotheseund abgeleiteten

Hypothesen

Aussagen

EinzelfälleKnow-how

Hypothese

planendeVerwaltung

Partnerurban

Manager

Eingriffs-verwaltung

Leistungs-verwaltung

Partizipation

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Integrarea strategiilor comunicative

Studiu de caz: IBA Emscher Park

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Zona Ruhr

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Perspectivă

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Atena

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Bucureşti

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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HaDiKo

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(Architekt) Denkmalpflege Bautechnik (Ingenieur)

(Nutzer) Mieter Baukosten (Bauherr)

Erhaltung desOriginalzustandes

Anpassung amheutigen

Stand der Technik

hohesWohnwert

Wirtschaftlichkeit

Erhaltungs-arbeiten

Wieder-aufbau-arbeiten

completionErgänzungs-arbeiten

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Rezumat

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Concluzii