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7Nr. 23 G Februarie 2008

Astzi, se vorbete tot mai mult, n litera-tura economic de specialitate, dar i n medii-le de afaceri, despre responsabilitatea moralpe care trebuie s i-o asume companiile fa deorganizaiile, comunitile sau grupurile impli-cate sau numai afectate de deciziile lor. De ase-menea, se insist tot mai mult asupra investiii-lor sociale pe care trebuie s le fac firmele, carspuns la cerinele materiale sau de mediu totmai mari ale comunitilor din care fac parte in care i desfoar activitatea. Ca urmare,cerinele crescnde ale publicului genereaz oimplicare crescnd a eticii n afaceri.

Etica n afaceri nu se reduce numai la arespecta legea, nefiind o opiune determinatstrict de lege. Ea nseamn a introduce n deci-ziile de zi cu zi, dar i n strategiile de manage-

ment pe termen mediu i lung i a altor norme,deocamdat opionale, dect cele impuse delege. Aceasta pentru c pur i simplu este maiprofitabil un comportament moral al firmei.

Etica n afaceri presupune un set de instru-mente de decizie utile n stabilirea strategieicompaniei, n rezolvarea conflictelor dintre gru-purile ce interacioneaz ntr-o afacere: angajaii angajatori, manageri i acionari, companie icomunitate local etc. Cu alte cuvinte, ea presu-pune buna gestionare, mult umanizat, a rapor-turilor cu ceilali. Mai mult dect a rezolva sau prentmpina nite conflicte, etica n afaceripresupune gsirea unui echilibru ntre interese-le acionarilor i interesele grupurilor afectate

sau implicate, de la parteneri pn la consuma-tori i societate n ansamblu.

Etica n domeniul economic, este cu attmai important cu ct puterea i influena firme-lor private asupra societii este tot mai mare, iarpoliticile imorale, frecvent ntlnite n mediu deafaceri, pot provoca imense prejudicii indivizilor,comunitilor i mediului.

Creterea interesului pentru etica n afacerimai este determinat i de ali factori precum:

G militantismul diferitelor grupuri i cate-gorii destakeholders (cele mai importante fiindsalariaii, consumatorii i comunitile locale),afectate direct sau indirect de activitatea firmelor

comerciale;G activismul i implicarea grupurilor din ce

n ce mai numeroase deshareholders (acionarii

The moral responsibility that companiesshould have in relation to people, communitiesand other organizations which are involvedwith or only affected by their decision isincreasingly the object of debate by businessscholars, as well as by business people. Suchdebates insistently bring to the publics atten-tion the investment that companies shouldmake as an answer to raising social and envi-ronment requirements. Consequently the public put pressure on companies to behaveethically and to adopt social responsibilitystandards.

Business ethics does not mean only therespect of the law. Actually it is not imposed assuch by any law. It means to observe in day-by-day decision making as well as in formulating

the long and medium term strategies a set ofethical norms, simply because it is more profi-table under current market constraints.

Business ethics requires a set of instru-ments useful in making strategic choices and inmanaging conflicts between various stakehol-ders: employers vs. employees; shareholdersvs. managers; company vs. local community,and so on. But business ethics should not focuson conflict prevention and resolution, it shouldbetter focus on harmonizing at a high satisfac-tion level the interests of various stakeholders,from business partners to consumers and thesociety in general.

Nowadays the influence of private compa-nies on the society is very high. Immoral beha-vior, which, unfortunately, is frequent amongcompanies, may bring immense prejudice toindividuals, communities and environment.Thus, in economy, ethics should play an impor-tant role in promoting progress and welfare.

The raise of interest about ethics in busi-ness is also determined by the following factors:

G different group militantism and stake-holders (the most important being the salarieds,customers and local communities) direct orindirect affected by the activity of commercial

enterprise;G activism of shareholders, who, by prac-

ticing responsible investment favor companies

THE ETHICAL DIMENSION OF BUSINESS

(Dimensiunea etic n afaceri)

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