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CURS 2 LESSON 2 [les()n tu:]

1. FONETICA EXERCITII (PHONETICS EXERCISES) [fnetiks - eksrsaizis]

# Cititi urmatoarele cuvinte conform pronuntiei alfabetului englezesc (Spell the

following words) [spel flwi wrds]

what, engineer, foreigner, afternoon, intelligent, teacher, to study, training,nationality, name, surname, cassette recorder

# Cititi urmatoarele nume proprii, conform alfabetului englezesc (Spell the followingproper names) [spel flwi proprneims]:

White, McDonald, Johnson, McCloud, Leo Jones, Richard Alexander, MichaelSwan, Catherine Walter, Val Mercer, Eric Linsell, Steve Hall, Sally Palmer Smith, Neil

Howe.

2. VERBUL TO BE = A FI (THE VERB TO BE) [ vrb tu: bi:]

Interogativul (The Interrogative) [i introgtiv]In limba engleza interogativul (intrebarea) se formeaza prin inversarea ordinii de la

afirmativ. Daca afirmativul il formam prin Subiect (substantiv/ pronume) + verb, lainterogativ vom avea Verb + Subiect

Am I..? [em I..] = Sunt eu?Are you? [a

rju:] = Esti tu..?

Is he? [iz hi:] = Este el?Is she..? [iz I:] = Este ea.?

Is it? [iz it.] = Este el/ea.?Are we? [arwi:.] = Suntem noi..?

Are you..? [arju:..] = Sunteti voi?

Are they..? [arei.] = Sunt ei/ele..?

* Negativul (The Negative) [ negtiv]

In limba engleza negativul se formeaza prin adaugarea particulei not (nu), la forma

de afirmativ a verbului.

I am not[ai em not] = Eu nu sunt

You are not[ju: a

r

not] = Tu nu estiHe is not[hi: iz not] = El nu este

She is not[I: iz not] = Ea nu esteIt is not[it iz not] = El/ea nu este

We are not[wi: arnot] = Noi nu suntem

You are not[ju: arnot] = Voi nu sunteti

They are not[ei arnot] = Ei/ele nu sunt

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* Interogativul negativ (The Interrogative Negative) [i introgtiv - negtiv]

In limba engleza, interogativul negativ (intrebarea negativa) se formeaza prinadaugarea particulei not formei de interogativ (Vb + Subiect):

Am I not..? [em I not] =Nu sunt eu?Are you not.? [a

rju: not] = Nu esti tu.?

Is he not.? [iz hi: not] = Nu e el..?Is she not..? [iz I: not] = Nu e ea.?Is it not..? [iz it not] = Nu e el/ea..?

Are we not.? [arwi: not] = Nu suntem noi..?

Are you not.? [arju: not] = Nu sunteti voi.?

Are they not.? [arei not] = Nu sunt ei/ele.?

# Exercitii:

Alcatuiti propozitii folosind cuvintele urmatoare, conform modelului (Make up

sentences using the following prompts, according to the model) [meikp sent()nsiz ju:zie

flwi prompts, kor

di tu e mod()l]:

wrong/right [ro / rait] = gresit/corect; busy/available [bizi / veilb()l] =ocupat/disponibil; interested/bored [intrstid / bo:rd] = interesat/plictisit; pretty/ugly [priti /gli] = frumos/urat; new/old [nju: / uld] = nou / vechi; ill/healthy [il/ heli] = bolnav/sanatos

Model: I..(not) wrong.

I am notwrong.

I am right.

1. He .(not) busy. .

2. We.(not) interested. .3. They(not) pretty. .4. You.(not) new.

5. She..(not) ill. .

3. VERBUL TO BE FORMELE CONTRASE(THE VERB TO BE SHORT FORMS)

[ vrb tu: bi: - ort forms]

Afirmative Negative Interrogative-Negative

Im [aim] Im not [aim not] --------

Youre [ju:r] Youre not/ you arent [ar nt] Arent you?

Hes [hi:z] Hes not / he isnt [iznt] Isnt he?Shes [I:z] Shes not / she isnt Isnt she.?Its [its] its not / it isnt Isnt it..?

Were [wi:()r] Were not / we arent Arent we..?Youre [ju:

r] Youre not/ you arent [ar nt] Arent you?

Theyre [ei()r] Theyre not / They arent Arent they..?

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# Exercitii:

Utilizati formele contrase ale verbului to be conform modelului. Traduceti apoifiecare intrebare. (Practise the short forms of the verb to be according to the model. Then

translate each question. [prktis ort forms of vrb tu: bi: kordi tu e mod()l]

Model: They are not friends, are they?

They arent friends, are they? (Nu sunt prieteni, nu-I asa?)

She is a Romanian, is she not?

Shes a Romanian, isnt she? (Este romanca, nu-I asa?)

1. My children are not nasty, are they?.

2. Mr Caren is a translator, is he not?..

3. We are late this afternoon, are we not?..

4.

I am not a boring person, am I/..

5. He is not an actor, is he?.

6. They are hard-working students, are they not?..

Alegeti forma verbala corespunzatoare ( Choose the right form of the verb) [t u:z rait fo

rm of vrb]:

Model: We am/is/are all students at the Hyperion University.

We are all students at the Hyperion University.

1. Harry am / is / are a smart boy.2. The day after tomorrow am / is / are Saturday.3. They am/ is / are my best friends.4. Am / Is / Are I a good student?5. Is / Are / Am we late?6. You is / am/ are absent minded.

Completati spatiile libere cu pronumele corespunzator formei verbului to be. ( Insert

the personal pronoun corresponding to the form of the verb to be) [ insrt prsn()lprunun korispondi tu form of vrb tu: bi:].

Model: ..is not American English, is British English.

Itis not American English, itis British English.

1. are in their room.2. am not at the office now.3. .is my boy-friend.4. .arent an engineer, are a banker.5. .is a letter.6. .am a Romanian. ..am not a Spaniard.

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Completati spatiile libere cu formele corespunzatoare ale verbului to be. (Fill in the

blanks with the suitable forms of the verb to be) [fil in blks wi su:tb()l forms of vrb tu: bi:]

1. We.students at the Hyperion University.2. I.a hard-working type of person.3. They..not my enemies, they..my friends.4. She..a very good typist.5. You..in the seminar room right now.6. My girl-friend..a good dancer.

Scrieti formele verbale contrase corespunzatoare exemplelor de mai jos (Change the

long verbal forms into short ones) [teind lo vrbl forms intu ort wns]

Model: He is not my colleague.

Hes not / He isntmy colleague.

They are my colleagues.Theyre my colleagues.

1. She is my friend..

2. Are you not an assistant to the General Manager?

3. They are not interpreters, they are translators..

4. I am always early, I am never late for school..

5.

It is a new college, it is not an old one..6. Are they not your teachers?

.

Transformati urmatoarele propozitii la forma interogativa (Make these sentences

interrogative) [meiki:z sent()nsiz introgtiv]:

Model: He is a hard-working student.

Is he a hard-working student?

1.

They both are famous doctors.

2. The colour of my pen is blue..

3. I am always at home after 8 p.m.

4. She is present..

5. You are at the office before 9 a.m..

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6. We arent guilty...

Dati raspunsuri scurte intrebarilor de mai jos si apoi scrieti traducerea lor (Give short

answers to the following questions and translate them into Romanian) [giv ort ansrs tu flwi kwest()ns nd trnsleit em intu rumeinin]:

Model: Are all the students present? Yes, they are.(Sunt toti studentii prezenti?) (da)

Is the teacher nervous? No, she is not.(Profesoara este emotionata?) (nu)

1. Is Betty a good student? Yes, ..2. Are you at home now? No,

3. Are you a French citizen? No,

4. Is this your English book? Yes,

5. Is Mrs Sarbu your new neighbour? Yes,

6. Are you at home in the afternoon? No, ..

3.ARTICOLUL NEHOTARAT (THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE) [i indefinit artic()l]

In limba engleza articolul nehotarat este a[] sau an [n] se foloseste in fatasubstantivelor sau adjectivelor la singular. A preceda substantivele sau adjectivele care incepcu o consoana:

Ex: a student [ stju:d()nt] = un elev/studentA teacher [ ti:tr] = un/o profesor/profesoara

Conform atat acestui Curs de Engleza Generala cat si manualului pentru examenulTeofl, partea de gramatica, articolul nehotarat a = un/o se foloseste in fata cuvintelor careincep cu sunet consonantic. Sunetul consonantic este definit ca: U [ju:] este considerat

vocala in scris, dar consoana in vorbire. In cuvinte ca use [ju:z] utilizare, universal

[ju:nivrs()l] universal, usual [ju:ul] de obicei, este considerat sunetul Y si deciconsoana. Va fi deci precedat de a. Un alt exemplu este litera H, considerata consoana in

scris, dar sunet vocalic in cuvinte ca hour [aur] ora, sau honor [onr] premiu, onoare.Nu insa si in cuvinte ca history [histri] istorie, si horror [horr] groaza, unde sunetulh este pronuntat ca atare. Acestea din urma vor fi precedate de articolul nehotarat a.

Forma an preceda substantivele sau adjectivele care incep cu o vocala sau un sunet

vocalic.

Ex: an economist [n ikonmist] = un economistAn intensive course [n intensiv k:s] = un curs intensivAn egg [n eg] = un ou

# Exercitii:

Care este forma corecta a articolului nehotarat pentru urmatoarele substantive? (What

is the right form of the indefinite article for the following nouns? [wt iz rait fo:rm ofiindefinit a

rtic()l fr flwi nauns]

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..brother [brr] (frate), .economy [ikonmi] (economie), ..record [rekrd](inregistrare), .Eskimo [eskimu] (locuitori din N. Canadei, Alaska, Gruenlanda si E.Siberiei), .picture [piktr] (desen, tablou, pictura), ..dance [da:ns] (dans),..Australian [ostreilin], ..language [lgwid] (limba, limbaj), .issue [isju:] (editie,subiect de dezbatere), .problem [problm] (problema), ..business [biznis] (afacere),.English [ingli] (englezesc), .newspaper [nju:speipr] (ziar), .youth [ju:] (tinerete),.student [stju:d()nt], ..village [vilid] (sat), .Italian [itljn], ..story [st:ri]

(poveste), .family [fmili] (familie), .leaf [li:f] (frunza), ..way [wei] (drum, fel)

4.NUMERALUL VARSTA (THE NUMERAL THE AGE) [ nju:mrl i eid]

In limba engleza, varsta se poate exprima intr-un mod mai elegant si modern utilizand

numeralul cardinal corespunzator zecilor, la plural, insotit de una dintre urmatoarele trei

diviziuni: early - [rli] (devreme), mid (mijloc, jumatate), si late [leit] (tarziu)

Ex: Am 32 de ani =I am 32 / I am in the early-thirties (early-30ies).

El are 48 de ani. =He is 48 / He is in his late-forties (late-40ies).

# Exercitii:

Exprimati varsta urmatoarelor persoane conform modelului (Express the relative ageof the following people, using early-., mid- orlate - :)

Model: Angela: Im 25. Angela is in her mid-twenties.George: Im 39. George is in his late-thirties.

1. Dan: Im 29. 2. Grandmother: Im 71. .

3. My boy-friend: Im 24. .

4. Father: Im 42. ..5. Mother: Im 38. ..6. Grandfather: Im 76. ..

5. TARI SI OAMENI - COUNTRIES AND PEOPLE(kntriz nd pi:pl]

Country People Inhabitant Adjective

Denmark the Danes a Dane Danish[denma

rk] [ deinz] [ dein] [deini]

(Danemarca) (Danezi) ( un danez) (danez)

Finland the Finns a Finn Finnish[finlnd] [ fins] [ fin] [fini](Finlanda) (finlandezi) (un finlandez) (finlandez)

The Netherlands the Dutch a Dutchman Dutch

[ nelnds] [ dt] [ dtmn] [dt](Olanda) (olandezi) (un olandez) (olandez)

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Norway the Norwegians a Norwegian Norwegian

[norwei] [ norwi:d()nz] [ norwi:d()n] [norwi:d()n]

(Norvegia) (norvegieni) (un norvegian) (norvegian)

Peru the Peruvians a Peruvian Peruvian

[pru:] [ pru:vinz] [ pru:vin] [pru:vin](Peru) (peruani) (un peruan) (peruan)

Poland the Poles a Pole Polish

[pulnd] [ pulz] [ pul] [puli](Polonia) (polonezi) (un polonez) (polonez)

Spain the Spaniards a Spaniard Spanish

[spein] [ spnjrds] [ spnjrd] [spni](Spania) (spanioli) (un spaniol) (spaniol(esc)

Sweden the Swedes a Swede Swedish

[swi:d()n] [ swi:ds] [ swi:d] [swi:di]

(Suedia) (suedezi) (un suedez) (suedez)

Switzerland the Swiss a Swiss Swiss[switslnd] [ swis] [ swis] [swis](Elvetia) (elvetieni) (un elevetian) (elvetian)

Turkey the Turks a Turk Turkish

[trki] [ trk] [ trk] [trki](Turcia) (turci) (un turc) (turcesc)

# Exercitii:

Vorbiti: imaginati-va ca sunteti un patron ce intervieveaza un candidat in vedereaangajarii. Dvs trebui sa-I puneti 4 intrebari in legatura cu cunostintele sale geografice,

utilizand informatia de mai sus. [Speak: imagine that you are the employer interviewing a job

applier. You need to ask him 4 questions about his geographical knowledge, using theinformation above]:

Model: Name the country of a Dane.Name the people of Norway.

Name the adjective for Poland.

Name the inhabitants of Spain.

Traduceti in engleza (Translate into English):

1. Dumneavoastra sunteti la birou sau acasa?2. Daca sunteti la birou, puteti sa ma sunati la interior 18, peste 10 minute.3. Sora mea are 13 ani. Ea este minora.4. Adultii au varsta peste 18 ani.5. Cifra 13 poarta ghinion.6. Noi suntem 15 studenti in aceasta grupa.7. Tatal meu are 53 de ani. Si mama are 52 de ani.

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8. Sunt casatorit si am 2 copii.9. John este casatorit. El are treizeci si ceva de ani.10.Mary este divortata. Ea are aproape patruzeci de ani.11.El se afla la birou.12.Ei nu sunt ingineri. Eu sunt bancheri.13.Ea este profesoara noastra de limba engleza.14.Cati ani are?15.Profesoara de engleza are cam 30 de ani.1. Sunteti de serviciu astazi?2. Colega mea este o mare iubitoare de animale.3. Maine dupa-amiaza nu sunt acasa.4. Sunteti cetateni britanici?5. Toti prietenii mei sunt romani.6. Nu sunt sigur de rezultatul eforturilor mele.7. Daca suntem atenti in clasa, ne este usor sa rezolvam exercitiile acasa.8. Nu sunteti la scoala?9. Profesorii nostri sunt foarte exigenti.10.

Imi pare rau, am intarziat.

Teoria si exemplele pentru acest curs au fost luate din Olea Ciuciuc, Eugenia Tanasescu, CURS DE ENGLEZA

GENERALA, Teora, 2005, si din volumul de gramatica pentru Teofl. Pentru transcrierea fonetica s-a utilizat THEOXFORD ENCYCLOPEDIC ENGLISH DICTIONARY.