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SISTEM UL POLITIC ROMNProfil instituional

CUPRINS

Cuvnt nainte 5Capitolul I

Puterea i libertatea n procesul configurriisistemului politic 9

Terminologie 9Diverse regimuri succesive 17Drama dictaturilor 29Prbuirea dictaturii totalitare comuniste 37Instituionalizarea regimului democraticpostcomunist 45

Capitolul II

Partidele politice i sistemul electoral 58

A. Partidele politice 58Causa movens" a regimurilor democratice 58Instituionalizarea pluripartidismului; dificultii evoluie postcomunist 60Sistemul de partide 70

B. Sistemul electoral 85Formula electoral i magnitudinea circumscripiei 87

Capitolul IIIElectoratul i selecia clasei politice 95

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354 ARISTIDE CIOAB

Capitolul IV

Parlamentul romn m angrenajul funcionalal sistemului democratic 107

Funcia de reprezentare politic democratic 113Funcia de nvestire i control asupra guvernului 119Funcia decizional-legislativ 123Funciile de recrutare (numire/validare) a unor autoritipublice i de validare/ratificare a deciziilor privindraporturile internaionale 133Funcia constituant 135

Capitolul V

Autoritile executive n angrenajul funcional

al sistemului democratic 137

A. Preedinia i asigurarea funcionalitiiautoritilor publice 139Bazele constituionale ale preediniei 139Dualitatea puterii executive i raporturile preedinteluicu guvernul 146Funciile exercitate la nivel sistemic 150Leadership-ul prezidenial i configurarea instituiei 156

B. Guvernul: Executivul responsabil de elaborareai nfptuirea politicii publice 160Bazele constituionale ale puterii i rolului

guvernului. 160Organizarea i funcionarea guvernului 165Cabinete i coaliii guvernamentale; congruenacu preedintele majoritar 167Raporturile dintre guvern i parlament 180

Capitolul VI

Statutul i funciile autoritii judectoreti 186Statutul puterii judectoreti n angrenajul structuralal sistemului politic 187

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SISTEMUL POLITIC ROMN 355

Organizarea judectoreasc n sistemul democraticposttotalitar 194

Independena puterii judectoreti 202Justiia i sistemul politic: intercondiionareadisfunciilor 208

Capitolul VII

Curtea constituional garantul supremaieiconstituiei n cadrul sistemului politic 213

Jurisdicia constituional n context

istoric-comparativ 214Statutul i modul de recrutare 218

Atribuiile Curii i modalitile controlului 221Protecia drepturilor i libertilor fundamentale 227Meninerea i adaptarea echilibrelor funcionalen cadrul regimului politic 238Supravegherea procedural a unor procesepolitico-lectorale i constituionale 246

Capitolul VIII

Administraia public: structuri i capacitate

funcional 250

Rolul i etapele dezvoltrii administraiei publice 251Structurile centrale ale administraiei publice 255Structurile locale ale administraiei publice 267Capaciti administrative i probleme funcionale 277

Capitolul IX

Structura tipologic a sistemului politic 284

Regim de aparen semiprezidenial" 287Funcionarea regimului; nevoia unui alt echilibrufuncional 290

Capitolul X

Incertitudinile legitimitii sistemului politicn perioada tranziiei postcomuniste 302

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Capitolul XIInfluena sistemelor electorale asupra funcionalitiiregimurilor democrate 314

Regim constituional, reprezentare politici sisteme electorale 317Sisteme electorale majoritare/pluralitarei funcionarea regimurilor 321Sisteme electorale proporionale i funcionarearegimurilor 325

Note 335

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TH E ROMANIAN POLITICAL SYSTEMInstitutional profile

CONTENTS

Foreword .-. 5Chapter IThe Power and the Freedom in the Process

of Configuration of the Political System 9

Terminology 9Different Succesive Regimes 17Dicta torsh ip ' Drama 29The Breakdown of Totalitarian Communist

Dictatorship 37The Institutionalization of Postcommunist

Democratic Regime 45

Chapter II

The Political Parties and the Electoral System 58

A. The Political Parties 58Causa moven s " of the Democratic Regimes 58The Institutionalization of the Mult ipart idism:the Problems and the Postcommunist Evolution 60

The Party System 70

B . The Electoral System 85Electoral Formula and the District Magnitude 87

Chapter IIIThe Electorate and the Selection of Ruling Class 95

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Chapter IV

The Romanian Parliament in the Functional Mahineryof the Democratic System 107

The Function of the Political DemocraticRepresentation 113The Function of the Investiture and Controlon the Government 119The Decisional-Legislative Function 123The Recruitment Function and the InternationalDecisions Ratification 133The Constituent Function 135

Chapter V

The Executive Authorities in the Functional Machinery

of the Democratic System 137

A. The Presidency and the Assurance of the Performancesof Public Authorities 139The Constitutional Bases of Presidency 139

The Dual Executive Power and the Relationsof the President with the Government 146The Systemic Functions 150The Presidential Leadership and the PresidencyConfiguration 156

B. The Government: the Responsive Executive in theElaboration and the Implementation of Public Policies... 160The Constitutional Bases of the Power and Roleof the Government 160The Organization and the Governmental Performances.. . . 165Cabinets and Governmental Coalitions; the Congruencewith the Majoritarian President 167The Relations between Government and Parliament 180

Chapter VI

The Status and the Functions of Judiciary Authorities.... 186The Judiciary Power Status in the Structural Machineryof the Political System 187

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SISTEMUL POLITIC ROMN 359

The Judiciary Organization in the PosttotalitarianPolitical System 194

The Judiciary Power's Independence 202The Judiciary and the Political System:the Interactive Disfunctions 208

Chapter VII

The Constitutional Court the Guarantor

of the Supremacy of Constitution in the Framework

of the Political System 213

The Constitutional Jurisdictionin the Historical-Comparative Context 214The Status and the Members' Recruitment 218The Court Attributes and the Control Formes 221The Fundamental Right and Liberties' Protection 227The Preservation and Adaptation of the FunctionalEquilibrium in the Political Regime 238The Procedural Supervision of the Electoraland Constitutional Processes 246

Chapter VIII

The Public Administration: Structures

and Functional Capacities 250

The Role and Development of the PublicAdministration 251The Central Structures of the Public Administration 255The Local Structures of the Public Administration 267

Administrative Capacities and Functional Problems 277

Chapter IX

The Typological Structure of the Political System 284

The Regime ofSemipresidential Appearence" 287The Regime's Performances; the Needfor a Different Functional Equilibrium 290

Chapter X

The Legitimacy Incertitudes of the Political Systemin the Postcommunist Period 302

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Chap ter XI

The Influence of the Electoral Systemson the Functionality of the Democratic Regimes 314Constitutional Regimes, Political Representation

and Electoral Systems 317Majoritarian/Pluralist Electoral Systemsand the Functioning of Political Regimes 321Proportional Electoral Systems

and Regimes' Performances 325Notes 335