192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

download 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

of 19

Transcript of 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    1/19

    UNIVERSITATEA „TRANSILVANIA”, BRASOV

    FACULTATEA DE DREPT

    ISTORIA STATULUI SI DREPTULUI ROMANESC

    EVOLUTIA CONSTITUTIONALA

    A

    ROMANIEI

    ( 1866 - 1991)

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    2/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    A!o* &!+%! El%# TONU

    A%l I, # 6

      B#&ov

    - ./1/ -

    C"%&*

    I0 I%!o+$000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    II0 Co%&!"!!"# +"%1866 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    2

    III0 Co%&!"!!"# + l#19.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    6

    IV0 Co%&!"!!"# + l#19800000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    00000000000000000000000

    3

    V0 Co%&!"!!""l "% "'l !o!#l"!#$o'%"&!0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    1/

    VI0 Co%&!"!!"# +"%199100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    11

    VII0

    Co%$l4"" 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    15

    B"l"o#700000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

    12

    .

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    3/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    „S-a crezut multa vreme in puterea nelimitata a legilor si a reformelor politice.

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    4/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    S-a crezut ca este de ajuns sa se voteze o constitutie, ca o tara sa devina un stat

    constitutional si sa apra moravuri constutionale. Experienta aceasta s-a dovedit insa,

    dezastruasa.” 

    D"'"!" &!" ( Stiinta naturii )

    I0  I%!o+$

    D&!"%l Eo", '#" #l& #l $l" 'o+%, # :o&! +!'"%#! + l!# %!

    #7'## +!"lo &" l"!#!"lo "%+"v"+#l, %! $o%&!"!"# %#!"%"lo &"

    # &!#!lo %#!"o%#l v%#! + "+"l + l#l"!#!, l"!"'"!#!, ;&!"!" &"

    +!#! &o$"#l#, "%!$#!, # $' o$l#'# „D$l##!"# +!"lo o'l" &"

    $!#!#%l"”+"% .6 #&! 1389 „"!## %&o$o!"# o'l" &%!

    &"%l $#4 #l llo l"$ &" #l $o!"" v%lo0” I'l"%"#

    #$&!o +4"+#! # "%$l& "% % o$& "%+l%#!, $# % &-# +l#!

    %":o' &" #&%"$0

    Rvol!"# :#%$4#, +$l#%!# "% 1389 # "%##! o %o# o$# "% "&!o"#

    o#%# %"vl#0 A$#&!# # "$, o'ov#%+ o $o%$!""%+"v"+#l"&!# $o%:o'# $#"# "%+"v"+l &! &$ol, "# &o$"!#!#, "'#" &" !#%&:o'#" :%+#'%!#l, $# # ;#lo%#! &" '#$#! 74"o%o'"#

    &" &!$!"l $"v"l"4#!"" 'o+%0 A&!:l, "% F#%!#, +# &!##!"#

    'o%#>"$#, &%! l#o#! $>#!l +"% 1815 &" 18/, $# "%!o+$ &"&!'l

    #l#'%!# "% lo$l $l" 'o%#>"$, "% !"' $ "% Bl"#, Co%&!"!!"# +"% 181

    $o"%$"+ $ "%&!### %" 'o%#>"" o"" $# '# # o$l#'#""

    "%+%+%!" #$&!" !#"0 P"%! #l! $o%&!"!!"" o% l#o#! "%

    $o%+"!""l

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    5/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    I%$!"l v"!"" $o%&!"!!"o%#l o'#%&!" o! 7 #&"! "%!-% o"$! +

    $o%&!"!!" #"&!o+'o$#!"$# + l# 18/., "%&"#! + "+"l vol!"" :#%$4#,

    "% $# o""'# '"$# & o%%!# %! o l"$# #"&!o$#!"$#, "% $#

    "# "% Rl#'%!l O#%"$ % #!"$ol $# #!# %"# lo,

    7"%+$# %! " # 'l! '#" $o'o+ #%

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    6/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    l# :l $# &" #l! %#!"%" o%, # #v! $# o$# :%+#'%!#l#

    l#o## %" $o%&!"!!"" o"", $# !#%&%# "% v"#!# &o$"#l# &" ol"!"$#

    #!#! !#+"!""l v#loo#& #$'l#! +-# l%l v'"", $#! &" "%$"""l

    'o+% &" +'o$#!"$ #l &"&!'lo #l#'%!# = +'o$#!"$ +

    $o%+$ &" o#%"4# # &!#!l" &" &o$"!#!""0 P"%$"""l &" "+"l$o%&!"!!"o%#l "%&$"& "% Po$l#'#!"# + l# I&l#4, $# #!&!# "%!## !#"lo

    o'#% "% #%+l %#!"%"lo $"v"l"4#! #l Eo", vo 7 &"%!!"4#! "%!-%

    o"$! + $o%&!"!!", #l$#!"! + M">#"l @o#l%"$#%, o"$! $

    "%$oo#4#, +oo!"v#, &""!l o'#%&$ &" o#%, "% '#!"

    $o%&!"!!"o%#l#0

    D#!o"!# %o "';#" "%!% &" %:#vo#"l, vol!"# + l# 1858 +"%

    !#"l o'#% % # &"! !#%&%# "% v"#!# ol"!"$# &" + &!#! #$&! "+" &"

    "%$""" $o%&!"!!"o%#l, !#"l o'#% 7"%+ %vo"! #$$! >o!##"l

    '#"lo !" o% $o%$!"4#! & :o'# Co%v%!"" + l# P#"& +"%

    18280 P #4# Co%v%!"" + l# P#"&, $# 4"%!#, + :#!, o $o%&!"!!"

    v%"!# +"% #:##, & !#%&% %! "'# +#!# "% #$!"$# %o#&!#

    $o%&!"!!"o%#l# "%$""l &##!"" !"lo, l '#%+ 7

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    7/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    186, "'%# $ $ol#o#!o"" " $" '#" #o"#!" l#o#& % o"$!

    o" + :o'# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # T#"lo Ro'#%, $# # :o&! +#$!#! "%

    &""!l Co%&!"!!"" F#%$4 + l# 182.0 A$&! o"$! v"4# &o"# &%&""l#

    # #!"!""lo +o'%"!ol" &" "%&!"!"# %" &"&!' "$#'#l, "%

    $o%&!"!"# %" „$o o%+#!o” &%#!, #l$#!"! #!#! +"% ''" ++!, $#! &" +"% ''" %'"!" &o%#l + $#! +o'%0

    S!#!!l +4vol!#!o #l Co%v%!"" +"% 1828, $%o&$! & %'l + „S!#!!l

    l" C4#” # :o&! $o%&"+#! + 'l!" #!o" $# 7"%+ „P"'# Co%&!"!!" #

    Ro'#%""”, +&" "%$# +"% #'l #$&! &!#!! &l"%"# $o%!"%"!#!# &"

    l"!"'"!#!# Co%v%!"" + l# P#"&, $# #'#%# l# :%+#'%!#l# #

    Ro'#%""0 A$&! #$! # :o&! #o#! &" l"!"'#!, "'%# $ l# l$!o#l#,

    "% '#" 18650 A "%!#! "% v"o# "% "%" 1865, +# $ Al0 I0 C4# # "'"!

    #$o+l +"% #!# Co'"&"" #'#+o"lo !"lo ##%!0 S!#!!l

    +7%&!, %! "'# +#!# "%$""l #!o%o'"" l"&l#!"v # P"%$"#!lo

    U%"!, +o#$ #$!l l '"!# P"%$"#!lo 'o+"7$ l"l $# "v&$

    #+'"%"&!#!"# lo "% "%!"o, :## %"$" o "%!v%!" +"% #:##0 S "'"l

    S!#!!l" l" C4#, & vo "%"!"# o &" + :o' l"&l#!"v &"

     ;&+"$!"o%#l, "%! $#* l# %! o#%"4## ;+$#!o#&$# ( "l"

    1865), o'l## Co+l" $"v"l o'#% ( +$'" 1862 ) &" Co+l" +

    o$+# $"v"l#, l#o## Co+l" %#l &" + o$+# %#l#0 A$&!

    #$! l"&l#!"v # #v! $# & "%$"#l# Co+l %#olo%"#% +"% 18/5 &"

    o$+# $"v"l# lv!"#%#, +# # :o&! #+#!#! &$"7$l" &""!#l"!#!""

    o'#%&!" &" !#+"!""lo %o#&!0

    II0 Co%&!"!!"# +"% 1866

    C4# #+"$# "% :#" 18660 L# 1 "l" 1866 "%!# "% v"o# %o#

    Co%&!"!!"0 P"% #$#&!# Co%&!"!!" Ro'#%"# +v"% 'o%#>" +"!##, "#

    !o% &! #+& C#ol L+ov"$ + o>%4oll% = S"'#"%%0 A$&! #$! #

    $##!#! :o'# %" #$! "%! 'o%#> &" 4%!#%!# %#!"o%#l#0 Co%&!"!!"#

    +"% 1866 # #v! $# 'o+l Co%&!"!!"# l"#%# +"% 181, %# +"%! $l '#"

    l"#l +"% #$l 'o'%! "% Eo#0

    Co%&!"!!"# +"% 1866 # "'#!"!# "% 8 !"!l" &" #v# 1 + #!"$ol0 S

    "%!'"# "%$""l separatiei puterilor in stat , !# l"&l#!"v# #

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    8/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    R:"!o l# +!"l o'#%"lo, "% !"!ll II „ D!"l o'#%"lo”, #$#&!#

    v+# &" ##%!# $l '#" "'o!#%! &" :%+#'%!#l l"!#!", $' # 7*

    l"!#!# $o%&!""%!", &", # "%v#!#'#%!l", # #&o$""" &" "%!%""lo,

    +&7"%!#%+, !o!o+#!# "v"l""l &" !"!l"l + %ol! &!#"% ("%$", #:,

    #o%)0 E# ##%!#! "%v"ol#"l"!#!# +o'"$"l"l", &$!l $o&o%+%!","%!4"$#%+-& #l"$## %$!"%"" $ 'o#!# &" $o%7&$## #v""0

    Co%&!"!!"# + l# 1866 # +o"! 4olv &" ol'# $!#!%"", "%

    "%!o+$# %" #!"$ol &$"#l "% $# & '%!"o%# $# +o# „&!#"%"" +

    "!" $&!"%” !# o!"% "'#'#%!%"#, &$ol # :o&! + #-" !$" &"

    v", l!"'"" 4%!#%+ o '"%o"!#! +&!l + %'o# "% P"%$"#!

    &" + # #&"# #&!## "+%!"!#!"" %#!"o%#l0

    Co%&!"!!"# o$l#'# "%$""l ""+"!#!"" $o%&!"!!"o%#l, "% &%&l $# #$&!

    #$! :%+#'%!#l % !# 7 'o+"7$#! "% l o+"%##, &" %'#" "%

    $#'l + v"4", "% $o%:o'"!#! $ :o'#l"!#!"l &!#"l"!0 P%! #$&!

    'o!"v # # #v! o +#"l"!#! '#, #'#%#%+ "% v"o# 23 + #%",

    'o+"7$# $ "-# :o&! #+& l!"o %&$>"'#%+ = " &%!"#l "%:#!"#0

    E&! &!"! :#!l $# #$#&!# $o%&!"!!" # '"!l + # 7 #+& %! "'#

    +#!#, "% "&!o"# v"!"" %o#&! &!#!#l, $##$!l indivizibil #l &!#!l" o'#%,

    $# + l# #$# +#!# v# !# %'l o7$"#l + Ro'#%"#, #$#&!# "% $o%+"!""l

    "% $# !## %o#&!# & #&# "%$# & &4#%"!#!# I'"l" O!o'#%,

    $#"# "" l#!# "%$# !"! &" +"% $# :#$# #! %o'"%#l0 I%&$""%+

    :o%!"&"$"l "%$""l &v#%"!#!"" %#!"o%#l &" %&$"7$#%+ "% %"$"%

    #!"$ol l#!"# + &4#%"!#! :#!# + Po#!#, Co%&!"!!"# +"% 1866 #

    4%!#! :o'# ol"!"$o = ;"+"$# + '#%":&!# # "%+%+%!" Ro'#%""

    "% l#%l l#!""lo "%!%#!"o%#l0 P"% #$&! #$! :%+#'%!#l, Ro'#%"#

    #l"4#4# o #+v##!# +&$>"+ $ $##$! l"#l, 7"%+ "'l &!#!

    $o%&!"!!"o%#l #l Eo" + S+ = E&!, "% $o%+"!""l "% $#, Bl#"# % &

    %#&$& "%$#, S"# $o%&!"!"# % '"$ &!#! v#l, 'o%#>"# >#&"$# !#"#

    "% '# :#'#%!#"lo +"% 1858 & "' #&ol!"&!, "# R&"# !$# +o#

    & "%&!"!!"" 'o+%, %"$"+$' & $o%&!"!!"o%#l"&'0

    III0 Co%&!"!!"# + l# 19.

    A%#l"4#!# "% &$!"v# "&!o"$o = ol"!"$#, Co%&!"!!"# + l# 19., $# "$#, +#

    "%!'"#!# "'l +'o$#!"$ #l#'%!# = $o%&!"!!"o%#l0

    Co%&!"!!"# +"% 19. '%!"% "% '# #! &!$!# Co%&!"!!"" +"% 1866,

    l#%+ &" #+#%$"%+ o &" + "%$""" $# # $o%:"! $##$!l +

    'o+%"!#!, $' &" o&""l"!#!# #l# + +'o$#!"4# # &!#!l" &"

    &o$"!#!"" o'#%&!" "%!l"$0 I% #$&! &%&, & "'"l #$&!" $o%&!"!!"","%$"""l 4%!#!"v"!#!"", &##!"" !"lo, l#l"!#!"" &" l"!"'"!#!""

    8

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    9/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    l"lo, $# &" $l "v"%+ &"&!'l l$!"v &" #l "'l" o"!#!"" # :o&!

    'l! '#" %#%! l":#! $o'##!"v $ $l $"%& "% #&4#'#%!l +"%

    18660 P"% '#, Co%&!"!!"# +"% 19. # $o%&!"!"! % :#$!o %!

    +'o$#!"4## &o$"!#!"" o'#%&!"0

    Co%!"%!l $o%&!"!!"" $"%+# 18 + #!"$ol, & +o&" + $# +"%

    1866 $# #v# 1.8 + #!"$ol0 A :o&! "%lo$"! 'o+"7$#! "%!#l ./

    + #!"$ol, 7"%+ "%$l4 3 #!"$ol %o" + #&'%# # :o&! :o'l#!

    # "'"! #+#o&" .2 + #!"$ol, "% !"' + 36 + #!"$ol #l v$>""

    Co%&!"!!"" # #'#& %&$>"'#!0 Co%&!"!!"# +"% 19. $"%+#, "% $l 8

    !"!l" #l l, &$"!"" :"!o# l# l'%!l $o%&!"!!"v #l &!#!l",

    o#%"4## &" :%$!"o%## &"&!'l" l$!o#l, o#%"4## &o$"#l#, #'#!#,

    7%#%$"##, #+'"%"&!#!"v#, !$0 E# "%!o+$# o &" + "%$""" +'o$#!"$,

    $' # 7* +$l##!" +!"lo &" l"!#!"lo o'#%"lo, :## +o&" +

    o""%# !%"$#, l"'# l"", #l"!#!# $!#!%"lo "% :#!# l"",

    ##%!## o"!#!"" + o"$ %#!#, "%$""l vo!l" %"vl, #l,

    +"$!, ol"#!o &" &$!, "%$""l l#l"!#!""0

     To! "% Co%&!"!!"# +"% 19. #v' '#" "% +7%"!  principiul legalitatii si

    suprematiei Constitutiei , $#$", "% #!"$oll 1/ & $"4# „ %'#" C!# +

    C#!" "% &$!"%" %"! # +!l + # ;+$# $o%&!"!!"o%#l"!#!# l"lo &"

    # +$l## "%#l"$#"l #$l# $# &%! $o%!# Co%&!"!!""”, "% !"' $ "%

    $# +"% 1866, %'#" !# l""!o# # $>'#!# "%!!4

    Co%&!"!!"#0 P"% '#, "% 19., %o'# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# +!"% lo$l &',

    # 7"%+ &"o## !!o l"lo o+"%#0

    I% #$#&!# Co%&!"!!" #v' '#" "% :o'l#!  principiul suveranitatii

    nationale, "% "'l #%+, "% +$l### &!#!l" o'#% $# &!#! %#!"o%#l,

    %"!# &" "%+"v"4""l #l $#" !"!o" &! "%#l"%#"l "% "%!+"$!"# $olo%"4#""

    !"!o"l" %#!"o%#l $ ol#!"" " !%"$ &!#"% "% +$l##!"# $#

    !# ol"!"$# ##!"% %#!"%"", +# $# % o

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    10/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    A!o"!#!# &" &!""l 'o%#>"", +v%"! +;# 'l'# # Ro'#%""

    "%!"!, #7'#! "% +o'%""l "lo C#ol I &" F+"%#%+, $##!# o #

    lov"!# "% #$!l + %%!# # l" C#ol l# $#l"!#!# + "%! 'o&!%"!o #l

    $oo#%"0 A$&! %o #$! + %%!# +"% +$'" 19.2, '#%+ &"# $lo

    +&$>"& "% 1918 &" 1919, # 4+%$"%#! "%$""l &$$&"%"" !o%l" "% l"%"$oo#!o# +"$!# "% o+"%l + "'o%"!# ##!#&$#, "%&$"& "%

    #!"$oll 33 "% Co%&!"!!", #$$%!#%+ #l!## %o!"%"lo $# :o'#

    #l!#+#!# "lo%l + &&!"% # 'o%#>"" $o%&!"!!"o%#l0 o$l +-#

    %%!##, $#"$""l %" "%! 'o&!%"!o +$# "'l"$"! &" l#

    $o'o'"!# #$!l" :%+#'%!#l0 R%%!#%+ l# !o#! %7$""l

    Co%&!"!!"o%#l, C#ol, ##! "% #$l 'o'%! "% I!#l"#, & ol"# % & '#"

    "%!o#$# "% !## !"' + 1/ #%", &" #!%$" %'#" $ $o%&"'!#'#%!l

    &v#%l"0

    L# 1 +$'v", Co%&"l" + Coo#%#, #+%#! l# S"%#"#, "l o$l#'# M">#"

    "%! 'o&!%"!o0 S& l# vo!, #$!l %%!#"" l" C#ol l# +!"l + "%!

    'o&!%"!o # "%!%"! +"% !o!#ll + .5 + vo!#%!", .1 + "l #l %! &"

    "l % $o%!#0

    I% "#%#" 19.6, "'+"#! +# "%v&!"!# l" M">#", $ !o#! :o'l

    $o%&!"!!"o%#l &" l#l, $# "%! 'o&!%"!o, l F+"%#%+, $# '# #

    &"!#!"" %o $#!, # #+##! % $o+"$"l l# !&!#'%!l !"%! "% &$! #%#

    l# 'o#!# , "% $# l# 'o&!%" l" M">#" !o#! %"l $#

    ##!"%&# #%# #!%$" l" C#ol0 A$&! #$! #v# '%"# + # "%!#"

    &$$&"%# l" M">#", $o%7'#%+ "%$# o+#!#, $>&!"%# "%$>" "% +ol

    C#ol0

    L# 12 %o"'" 19.3, l F+"%#%+, 'o#0 T"' + !" #%", +"% 19.3,

    #%# "% 19/, Ro'#%"# # :o&! $o%+ + R%!#, $#! !"' l M">#" #

    "%$# '"%o0

    C#ol, "%, "% 19.6, +$"+ & "%!o#$# "% !##0 v%l # :o&! & "%

    &"!#!"# + # #l "%! +o# #l!%#!"v* o" '%!"% "%!#%""l"!#!# #$!l"

    +"% 5 "#%#" 19.6, C#ol !"%+ ##&#&$# "'+"#! !##, o" #%l#4#

    #$l #$! &" % C#ol "% !o#! +!"l $ "" +$ +"% $#l"!#!# l" +

    &$$&o #l !o%l", &"-l o$l#'# 0

    I% #$l 'o'%! ''"" R%!" "&" +# +'"&"#, l# :l :#$ &" v%l

    M#%", + #"$" !"l $o%&!"!!"o%#l "" v"% A+%#"" N#!"o%#l, $# "l

    o$l#'# "%!l C#ol0

    Rv%"# "% !## # "%!l" C#ol &" $## !o% % # :o&! 4l!#!l

    #$!"%"" +"$! # #!"+lo &" o#'%"lo ol"!"$", $" '## lo"$# #

    '#%":&!#"" +"&%&"%"lo +"%! #$&! #!"+, # $&!"" !%&"%"" &"

    $o%:4"" ol"!"$0 D !o#! #$&!# # o7!#! $ #"l"!#! C#ol, "%!-%

    'o'%! >o!##!o #l v"!"" Ro'#%"" "%!l"$0 Mo+l "% $# &-# & $##!$"4" +"%#&!"$ l# 8 "%" 19/ # "%&'%#! o lov"!# +#!# $o%&!"!!"" &"

    1/

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    11/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    "'l"$"! +'o$#!"" o'#%&!", ##!# + l# 1866 &" #%# #&!#4" "% o$&

    vol!"v0

    A!##%+ = &" %"" +"% o#'%"" ol"!"$" "'o!#%!", $o$>!#%+ '#%%!

    +"% $l"& $ +#!#, 'o%#>l &&! $4 "% ;l o #!o%#, #l$#!"!# #+&# +"% o#'%" v%"!" +"% +"v& #!"+, $#

    o## !o! '#" "%!%& "+# o"%!#"" & % "' + #!o"!#! &o%#l#

    # l"0 I% #$#&!# "o#+#, Co%&!#%!"% A%!o"#% +v"% &o#%# +

    "%$+ # 'o%#>l" &" $l $# "l "'"% $l '#" 'l! #$&!# & o

    'o%#>" #!o"!##0

    Co%&!"!!"# +"% 198 # :o&! #!"!# "% &$!, "% $#+l %" $o'"!! +

    o#'%" ol"!"$" #o"#!" l" C#ol #l II-l#* I&!#! M"$&$, Co%&!#%!"%

    A%!o"#%, A'#%+ C#l"%&$, >0 T#!##&$, M0 C#%$"o$ov, l

    +&'%#%+ $# „'"%"&! #l $o+"7$#""” I&!#! M"$&$0

    Co%&!"!!"# +"% 198 % '#" #&!# #o# %"'"$ +"% v$>"l "%&!"!!""

    +'o$#!"$ "%!o+& "% Co%&!"!!""l +"% 1866 &" 19.0 E# "%&'%# #

    #$!l" :%+#'%!#l # Co%&!"!!"0 Lov"!# + &!#! # !o! '#" v"+%!#,+o#$ l %

    #v# +!l + # #o# o l o+"%##, $ #!#! '#" 'l! o l

    :%+#'%!#l#0

    No# Co%&!"!!" $o%!"%# 1// + #!"$ol, & +o&" + $l 18 #l

    Co%&!"!!"" + l# 19., #v# !o! 8 !"!l", $ #$l#&" +%'"",

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    12/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    R"'l #l#'%!# = +'o$#! "%&"!"! "% Co%&!"!!"# +"% 19., &!

    "%lo$"! $ "'l 4%!#!"v &"'l, "% $# '"%"&!"" &%! %'"!"

    + , :## $o%&l!## #$o+l #l#'%!l"0

    Co%&!"!!"# C#l"&!# $%o#&! &"

    +$"4", +"";# + 'o%#>0

    S '#" #+$ "'o!#%! "%&!#" #l +!"lo &" l"!#!"lo

    $!#!%&!", "% &o"# +#!o""lo &" ol"#!""lo "% +:#vo##+!"lo &" "% "%&!"!"# &#v>"" &" $o%!oll" '#" !%"$

    #&# #$!"v"!#!"lo &" $o'o!#'%!l" "%+"v"4"lo, +4vol!##

    "'l" v%!"v0

    D #&'%#, #$#&" $o%&!"!!", "%!4"$# o!l + #' l# "%!%""l

    l"$ "%!o+$# +# $ 'o#!# %! #!%!#!o"" l# v"#!# :#'"l""

    #l &" # +'%"!#"lo ol"!"$" v+# "+# $!#!%"" o'#% %!

    $" $# & #l#!# %o $oo#!"" '"l"!# &!#"%0 I" '#" #$o+# l"

    !# +l"%# + # o'l# +$! $ ! + l, &" "" +#+# "# !#!#! ol"!"$ $ #l! &!#!0

    Po$#! +

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    13/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    P!# ;+$#!o#&$# # o#%"4#!# "% #l&" 'o+, 7"%+ '%!"%! "%$"""l

    o"$!"v"!#!"" &" #l"!#!"" ;&!"!"", "%#'ov""l"!#!"" ;+$#!o"lo, %#'&!$l

    l" "% #+'"%"&!## ;&!"!"", "%!+"$!"# $#"" %o $o'"&"" !"%#l

    l"0 D"% #$#&!# $#4#, l!# '#%%!# +"%! &"

    #+# + F" # +&$>"& $#l# #4"lo, #:"l"lo &" #&"%#!lo ol"!"$

    $#%+ o ##&!" "%! Coo#%# &" !##0

    R:o'l "'& "% Co%&!"!!"# +"% 198 &-# o+& $ '# #"+"!#!,

    #&!:l $# # :o&! "%$>"#! l# 12 "l" 1990 O "'# '#&#, l#!# l# /

    '#!" 198, &!#"l# "%7"%!## Co%&"l"l" + Coo#%#, o#% '#%%! &"

    &o%#l #l l",

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    14/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    I%! 195/ = 1955 &!#!l o'#% % # #v! Co%&!"!!"0 L# . #&!, 1955,

    +# "%l#!## "'l" + +"$!#!# # '#ll" Io% A%!o%&$, # :o&!

    "% v"o# Co%&!"!!"# +"% 19.0

    V0  Co%&!"!!""l "% "'l !o!#l"!# $o'%"&!

    Ao+## ol'" $o%&!"!!"o%#l, + $#! P#!"+l Co'%"&!, +#

    $$"# !"" ol"!"$, #;!# l# "%!l# 'o+#l"!#!"lo "% $# &-#

    $o%&!"!"! &" +v#&"! "%&!"!!""l %ol" "' !o!#l"!#, $" &" l# +&$":##

    vol!"" &"%&"o#& &" $o%!#+"$!o"" # #$&!"# & o !'o## &" :'#

    l"#l"4#, '#!# #o" + #%l## !!#!# # "%$"#llo &!$!"

    $o%o'"$, ol"!"$o = ;"+"$ &" $l!#l $# &-# $l#+"! „&o$"#l"&'l "%

    l"!#!”, $ „:#!# '#%#”0 D #l!:l, !o#! "'"l $o'%"&!, "%$#%+

    $ $l &ov"!"$, # '#%":&!#! o o$# %! l#o## &" o'l##

    $o%&!"!!""lo, $o%&"+#%+-l $# 7"%+ „"+## "'l" !#"&!, "'# $o%&!"!!" # :o&! #+o!#!# "% 196,

    v%"'%! $# # '#$#! &:#&"!l "o#+" vol!"o%#, +# % &" #l

    l#o#"lo $o%&!"!!"o%#l0 A$#&!# % # +7%"!"v#0 S!#!l +"% Eo#

    $o%&!"# &o$"#l"&'l +# 'o+ll &ov"!"$0 I# +"v&l !# #l

    $o%&!""" &o$"#l"&'l" "% #$&! !#" !"# $o%$#! ;"+"$ "% #$!

    :%+#'%!#l $# $!# „l#l"4##” #$&!" o$&0

    I% "o#+# !o!#l"!#"&'l", "% Ro'#%"#, # :o&! l#o#! !" $o%&!"!!"" ( "%

    1958, 192. &" 1962), $# '#" v"#"l# "% v"#!# &o$"!#!"" o'#%&!" 7"%+ $# +"%

    1962, $# # #'#& "% v"o# % &:! + &$ol, #%# l# v%"'%!l +"%

    1989, $# # & $##! "'l" $o'%"&!0 Co%&!"!!""l "o#+" &o$"#l"&!

    #v# '%"# + # +ov+" „l#l"!#!#” &" „l"!"'"!#!#”"'l" ol"!"$ +"%

    Ro'#%"#, #l& "% '# %o &$!"%" l$!o#l l# $# # #!"$"#!

    '#;o"!#!# $!#!%"lo !#""0 P%! #$&! 'o!"v, &$!#%+ ##%! l"l

    +'o$#!"" &" l#l"!#!"", "'l ol"!"$ $o'%"&! # &#l"$"!#!, !o!o+#!#

    „l"!"'"!#!#” #$&!o#, 4%!#%+ = l $# "%!%"%+ #+4"%# "%+"v"4"lo

    :#!# + v#lo"l &" %o'l &o$"#l"&'l", $# $ "-# '"& -&" #l"44

    &$o"l o&0 A$&! &o#! + „l"!"'"!#!” # :o&! "%&o!"! + #ll

    '#%%! #l "'l" l# % &! + v#lo" &" %o' $ol$!"v"&!, $'

    #!"#, #!"+l, %#!"%#, o"!#!# &o$"#l"&!#, '%$# &" "%o## !o!#l# #$lo "%+"v"+#l ( l"!#!#, o"!#!#, +'%"!#!#, $o'!%!# !$0)0

    A%#l"4# lo #!&!# :#!l $#, +"%$olo + "':$!"%"l + !>%"$# l"&l#!"v# &"

    + $o%!#+"$!""l "%! !'%"" !"l"4#!", #$&! $o%&!"!!"" # &#&ol"$"!#!

    socialul &" # %l";#! "%+"v"+#ll, "+%!"7$#%+ "% 'o+ +l"#! &o$"!#!# $

    &!#!l &" #!""%+ = " #$&!"# oll + "%&!'%! l#l + "'% #

    +"$!#!"" &" +o'"%#!"" #!"+l" $o'%"&!0 Co%&!"+#! $# 4%!#%+

    vointa clasei muncitoare si,ulterior, a poporului, ridicata la rangul de lege

    fundamentala de organizare a societatii si statului, $o%&!"!!""l &o$"#l"&! #

    4%!#!, !o!o+#!#, "%$"#ll '";lo$ + :#" # '"%!"lo &o$"#l"&! "%

    !o#! +o'%""l v"!"" &o$"#l, "%* #l"$## o+"%"" %o'#!"v &o$"#l"&! &"$o%$## oll" $o%+$#!o #l #!"+l" $o'%"&! o'ov## &"

    15

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    15/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    o!;## "% '";lo#$ &$"#l # o"!#!"" &o$"#l"&! + &!#! &"

    $oo#!"&! "'##

    &" v#lo"lo &o$"#l"&! + '%$# &" v"#!#, "% %":o'"4## &" &!#%+#+"4##

    $o%+"!lo &" #$!"%"lo "%+"v"4"lo $%!#l"&' $o%o'"$, ol"!"$ &"

    #+'"%"&!#!"v '#%"l## "%+"v"4"lo "% "%!'+"l !o""lo, "+olo"" &"'#&& = '+"" $o'%"&!, +l#! + !"l"4## '$#%"&'lo "%!'"#!

    "%!"'"+#, +&$#;#, :o!# &" :"$#0

    A+"$#%+ + l# !#+"!""l +'o$#!"" #l#'%!#, $o%&!"!!""l &o$"#l"&! #

    4%!#! :o'# ;"+"$# + &o+o%# # &o$"!#!"" vo"%!" %" &"%

    :o! ol"!"$ 4%!#!# + #!"+l $o'%"&!, "+"$#%+ l# #% + "%$""

    $o%&!"!!"o%#l 'o%ooll #&ol! #l +$"4"" %" &"% #!"+ ol"!"$ &" :#$#%+

    +"% #$!"$# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# % "!#l #l '#%":&!#"lo +"$!#!o"#l #l

    v%#%!"lo $o'%"&!"0 El # :o&! l"&"! "% 7%#l + o#%"$"!#!, :$!"v"!#!

    &" l"!"'"!#!, %!#%+ #l"4# o #l# &" #+v##!# "%&!"!!"o%#l"4#

    #!"o%#l# &" $o%!ol#!# # o$&lo + &$>"'# &o$"#l#, %#%+ :o' +

    "'o"l"&' &" $o%&v#!o"&' &o$"#l &" ol"!"$, lo$## "%"!"#!"vlo "%+"v"+#l

    &" % %"vl &$#4! #l #&"#!""lo &o$"#l &" "%+"v"+#l "% &o$"!#!#

    o'#%#&$#0

    VI0 Co%&!"!!"# +"% 1991

    P"o#+# +"$!#!"" $o'%"&! & "%$>" "% Ro'#%"# l# .. +$'" 1989, "%

    '# vol!"" +$l#%! l# T"'"&o## ( 16 = ./ +$'" 1989),

    $o%!"%#!# &" +v#&"!# l# B$&!", o+#!# $ :# $ll" +"$!#!o"#l &"

    l## !"" + $#! :o!l +'o$#!"$0 A$&! 'o'%! 4"%!#

    "%$!l "%&!##"" +'o$#!"" &" "%&!"!!""lo +'o$#!"$ +# #o# o

     ;'#!#! + &$ol + "' !o!#l"!# "% Ro'#%"# &" &!#"l"# +!"lo &"

    l"!#!"lo :%+#'%!#l #l $!#!%"lo, "%o#! #%# #!%$" + "'l

    $o'%"&!0

    Rvol!"# +"% 1989 # '#$#!, !o!o+#!#, +4"%!## v$>"lo &!$!"

    ol"!"$, ;"+"$ &" $o%o'"$ &o$"#l"&!, +o'"%#! + $%!#l"&',

    #!o"!#"&', "o$#!" &" "'o"l"&' &" "%$!l $o%&!"!""" %o :o'

    +'o$#!"$, "%!'"#! l#l"!#!, ;&!"!" &" +!#! &o$"#l#, $#

    &!"'l4 "%+"v"+l &" "%"!"#!"v# #!"$l## &" ##%!l

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    16/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    P"'l #$! "%&!"!!"o%#l #l %o"" !" # :o&! $o'%"$#!l Co%&"l"l" FSN +"% ..

    +$'" 19890 I%o!#%!# $o'%"$#!l" 4"+# +"% :#!l $#, +&" +#$!#!

    &" l#o#! "% $o%+"!""

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    17/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    %'# '"%"' + #l#!o" 4%!" l# %, "% '#, R:%+'l '#

    # 7 +$l##! v#l#"l, "%+":%! + %'#l #l#!o"lo, &"%l l$ $#

    $o%!#, # %'#l vo!"lo

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    18/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    &$"!"" :"!o# l# $o%&!"!"# &" :%$!"o%## #!"+lo &"

    :o'#!"%"lo ol"!"$, $#

  • 8/18/2019 192386933 Evolutia Constitutionala a Romaniei

    19/19

    Evol!"# $o%&!"!!"o%#l# # Ro'#%""

    $o'%"&!, "# "% $# +"% 1962, $# o$l#'# Ro'#%"# $# „l"$#

    &o$"#l"&!#”, & $!#

     G%$>"# o$&l" + $ol$!"v"4# # #"$l!"" H" + +"&! #

    o"!J"" "v#! G% $o%o'"0 E# $"4#!

    H" :#!l $ P#!"+l Co'%"&! Ro'K% $o%&!"!"# :oJ# ol"!"$ $o%+$!o# #

     G%!"" &o$"!J"0 A$#&!# Co%&!"!!" # #'#& "% v"o# #%# "% 1989, $#%+,

    "% '# Rvol!"", # :o&! l"$>"+#!# +"$!#!# $o'%"&!# "% Ro'#%"#0

    L# &:#&"!l '"l%"l" !$!, $#%+ l'# #"!l" o#%, l"#!# +

    $o%&!#%"l !o!#l"!# "'& + "'" %+'o$#!"$, '# '#"

    + '#" "%$! & +'o$#!"4#, Ro'#%"# % !# :#$

    19