Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 21-22
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3. Utilizarea verbului auxiliar "to do" in propozitii interogative negative: on the 2pt of October > [on D/a t"enti fa'st ov oktaubarJ -pe data de 21 octombrie - structura: - verbul "to be" la timpul corespunzator + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat women sheep mice if - Propozitia subordonata (verbulla Simple Present Tense) - Hotul a fost prins (de - va vizita prietenii daca va avea timp. halves tomatoes children He will visit his friends if he has time. - structura: Propozitia principala (verbulla Simple Future Tense) They don't want to go. We don't live there. Did they know? The thief was caught (by the police). Do you often visit them? books babies glasses 6. Scrierea citirea datelor 1. Comparatia adjectivelor: good better the best big bigger the biggest large larger the largest easy easier the easiest 5. Fraza conditionala tipul I 4. Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice 2. Pluralul substantivelor: RECAPITULARE
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Transcript of Engleza Pentru Incepatori - Lectia 21-22
3. Utilizarea verbului auxiliar "to do" in propozitii interogative ~i negative:
on the 2pt of October > [on D/a t"enti fa'st ov oktaubarJ -pe data de 21 octombrie
- structura: - verbul "to be" la timpul corespunzator + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat
women
sheep
mice
if - Propozitia subordonata(verbulla Simple Present Tense)
- Hotul a fost prins (de politi~ti).
- I~i va vizita prietenii daca va avea timp.
halves
tomatoes
children
He will visit his friends if he has time.
- structura:Propozitia principala
(verbulla Simple Future Tense)
They don't want to go.
We don't live there.
Did they know?
The thief was caught (by the police).
Do you often visit them?
books
babies
glasses
6. Scrierea ~i citirea datelor
1. Comparatia adjectivelor:
good better the best
big bigger the biggest
large larger the largest
easy easier the easiest
5. Fraza conditionala tipul I
4. Diateza pasiva - the Passive Voice
2. Pluralul substantivelor:
RECAPITULARE
2
Repetati din nou cuvintele, dar intr-o alta ordine:
" "PARTEA INTAI
invention > [inven~n] - inventie, descoperire
film > [film] - film
spy > [spai] - splOn
situation > [sitiuei~an] - situatie, stare
disease > [dizi:z] - boala, maladie
struggle > [stragl] - lupta, intrecere
gesture > [djest~ar] - gest
scene > [si:n] - scena, decor
person > [pa:rsn] - individ, persoana
task > [ta:sk] - sarcina, indatorire
difference > [difrans] - diferenta, deosebire
play > [plei] - joe, piesa
Ca de obicei, incepem ~i aceasta lectie cu cateva cuvinte noi.Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor in limba romana:
situation > [sitiuei~an] - situatie, stare
scene > [si:n] - scena, decor
film > [film] - film
difference > [difrans] - diferenta, deosebire
disease > [dizi:z] - boala, maladie
gesture > [djest~ar] - gest
person > [pa:rsn] - individ, persoana
invention > [inven~n] - inventie, descoperire
play > [plei] - joe, piesa
task > [ta:sk] - sarcina, indatorire
struggle > [stragl] - lupta, intrecere
spy > [spai] - splOn
LECTIA 21,
Sa folosim cuvintele noi in propozitii:
We are in a difficult situation. > ["1. a-' In a difikalt sltlUei~n] - Suntem intr-o situatie dificila.
- Sunt spioni in aceastatara.
- Ve~i deosebirea?
- Este un gest dragut.
- Este 0 sarcina grea.
- Este televizorulo inventie utila?
- Cine sunt aceste persoane?
- A fost 0 lupta lunga?
- Cine a scris aceasta piesa?
- Era un decor minunat.
- Ai vazut filmul acela?
- Este 0 boala periculoasa.
- This> invention is very useful.
- The >dlfkrences are not important.
- I don't know any of these >persons.
- Was he a >spy?
- This is the last >scene of the > fi 1m.
- Your >task is to write an essay.
- This >play is very short.
- There is no news of the > struggle.
- It was a strange> gesture.
- I don't know that >disease.
- Does he know their > sItuation?
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> [Uoz it a lon,gl stragl]
> [hu: a: r D/I:z pa:rsnz]
> [It IZ a ha:rd ta.sk]
> [D'is iz a nais dJest~ar]
> [DZear a r spaiz in DZiskantn]
> [1m: hEz ritn DZis plel]
> (IZ tellVljn a lU:sfalInven~n]
> [It IZ a demdjaras dJZi:z]
> [It "oz a blU.tlral si:n]
> [du IU: SI: D'a difrans]
El a fost spion?
El cunoa~te situatia lor?
Aceasta inventie este foarte utila.
Nu cunosc nici una din aceste persoane.
A fost un gest ciudat.
Diferentele nu sunt importante.
Aceasta este ultima scena a filmului.
Sarcina voastra este sa scrieti un eseu.
Was it a long struggle?
Aceasta piesa este foarte scurta.
Nu sunt ve~ti despre intrecere.
Nu cunosc boala aceea.
Do you see the difference?
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele noi:
Who are these persons?
Is television a usefulinvention?
Who has written this play?
There are spies in thiscountry.
Have you seen that film?
It is a hard task.
This is a dangerous disease.
It is a nice gesture.
It was a beautiful scene.
Dintre aceste verbe, to strike este neregulat. Invatati cele trei forme ale sale:
struck> [strak]
- Ve~tile sunt surprinziitoare.
- Munca este obositoare.
- Gestullui a fost ispititor.
- Aceasta munca este epuizantii.
- Deosebirea este frapantii.
.,- Aceasta boala este molipsitoare. -
> person
> play
> difference
> disease
> task
> struggle
> situation
> gesture
> spy
> scene
> mvention
> film
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struck> [stlak]
> [DZls dlzi:z IZ kEt~in(g)]
> [DZa difrans iz stralkin(g)]
> [DZa nlU:Z iz sapralzin(g)]
> [DZa "a.rk iz tamrm(g)]
> [DZls dJob IZ Igzo:stm(gl]
strike> [stral kJ
His gesture was inviting.
lupta, intrecere
to invite > [tu mvalt] - a invita
to surprise > [tu sapralz] - a surprinde, a uimi, a lua prinsurprindere
to tire > [tu tad] - a obosi
to strike > [tll str<\lk] - a lovi, a izbi, a frapa, a ~oca
to exhaust > [tu Igzo.st] - a epuiza, a istovi
Sa invatam verbele noi de la care am format participiul prezent:
The difference is striking.
sarcina
piesa
The work is tiring.
situatie
gest
The news is surprising.
inventie
boala
splOn
This job is exhausting.
De exemplu:
scena
Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:
This disease is catching.
persoana
film
Dacii la forma de infinitiv scurt (fiirii particula to a verbului) qdiiugiim terminafia -ing, obfinemparticipiul prezent, pe care-l putem folosi in propozifii ca adverb.
deosebire
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Va amintifi desigur de propozifia condifionala de tipul I despre care am discutat in lecfia anterioani.Conjuncfia ifpoatefi fnlocuita cu alte conjuncfii:
In exercitiul urmator completati spatiile din propozitii cu forma corespunzatoare a verbului sau cuparticipiul prezent:
- I~i vor epuiza in curiindeconomiile.
- Ceasul tocmai bate ora~apte.
- Munca indelungata rna obose~te
intotdeauna.
- L-am invitat deja pe Peter.
- Imi place sa te iau prinsurprindere.
- This long walk was >exhausting.
- His newest film >struck me.
- Is this difference >striklllg?
- We have already >cxhausted all our money.
- Your proposition sounds >invlting.
- You have >surpnscd me very much.
- It was a very >tinng day.
- His question was >surprising.
- Does this book >tlrc you?
- This >catching dIseaSe is dangerous.
- Who do you want to >invlte?
> ["I: hh O:!TCdl invaitidpi:ta'i
> [IYa klok 17 djast stralklll'C)sevnJ
> ll)l<:I"illg/O.,t D'<:{'
selvm(~)7 slI:nJ
> [al 1,lIk tu S,lpral7 iu:]
> llon'c) "a:'k o:l""iz131'l'.c ill t: ]
Este frapanta aceasta diferenta?
when > [lien] - ciind
as soon as >[Ez sll'n l:>j - indata ce
after > l a.fla'J - dupa, dupa aceea, dupa ce,ulterior
before >[blfo:'J - inainte, dinaintea
Propunerea ta e tentanta.
M-ai surprins foarte tare.
Aceasta lunga plimbare a fost epuizanta.
Aceasta boala molipsitoare este periculoasa.
Intrebarea lui a fost surprinzatoare.
Ultimul sau film m-a frapat.
Pe cine vrei sa inviti?
I like to surprise you.
We have already invitedPeter.
Ne-am cheltuit deja toti banii.
A fost 0 zi foarte obositoare.
Propozifia care incepe cu oricare dintre conjuncfiile de mai sus, se nume~te propozitiecircumstantiala de timp. Nu este nici 0 diferenfa intre structurapropozifiei condifionale de tipul I ~i
propozifia circumstanfiala de timp. Verbul din propozifia subordonata introdusa de aceste conjuncfiieste la timpul prezent simplu (Simple Present).
Te obose~te aceasta carte?
The clock is just strikingseven.
Long work alwaystires me.
lata cum se folosesc verbele noi in propozitii:
They will exhaust theirsavmgs soon.
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea in limbaromana:
Sa lnvatam eateva adjective noi. Unele dintre ele se formeaza din verbe. Cititi-le eu voce tare ~i fitiatenti la pronuntle:
- Discursullui a fost emotionant.
- Am auzit catevave~ti alarmante.
- Noi am vazut un meci captivant.
- Cand te vei aflain aceea~i situatierna vei intelege.
- Dupa ce termin cartea aceastao sa fac 0 plimbare.
- El va cumpara ma~ina deindata ce prime~te banii.
- Voi cina inainte sa merg la el.
> As soon as you read thIS book you wIlltell me something about It.
> Before we leave we wIll turn off the radio.
> I WIll clean the house after I workin the garden.
> When it starts to ram we WIll take the doghome.
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> [hlz spi.t~ uoz mu:vm(IP]
> [UI: so. an iksaitin(gJ mEt~]
> [al hEy ha:rd samala.rmm(g) ntu:z]
> [al ull hEy dina' blfo:'a' gau tu hIm]
> [a:ftar al filll~ DZIS buka' uII gau fd a Uo k]
> [Uen 1U. a.' 111 D"a selm
sitlUel~n 1U. uIIandarstEnd mI:]
His speech was moving.
We saw an exciting match.
I have heard somealarming news.
alarming > [ala. rmm(g)] - alarmant, ingrijorator
exciting > [Iksaltm(g)] - interesant, captivant
moving > [mu:vin(gJ] - emotionant
foreign > [form] - strain
useless > [LU:shs] - inutil, nefolositor
remarkable > [nma.rkabl] - remarcabil, deosebit
Voi face curatenie in casa dupa ee lucrezin gradina.
Inainte de-a pleca yom inchide radioul.
De indata ce cite~ti aceasta carte imi veispune ceva despre asta.
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
Cind incepe sa ploua yom duce caineleacasa.
De exemplu:
He will buy the car as soon as > llll. "II bal DZa ka. r Ez su:nas he gets the money. Ez hI. gets IYa malll]
When you are in the samesituation you willunderstand me.
After I finish this bookI will go for a walk.
I will have dinner beforeI go to him.
in textele anterioare am inlocuit uneori substantivele cu pronumele nehotartit one. Utilizareapronumelui nehotartit este obligatorie alaturi de adjective, iar ltinga adjectivele sunt deseori unarticol hotartit:
> [~i: iz a form spa!)
>[O'IS lZ a m:slis tu:l]
- Aceasta este 0 povesteremarcabila.
- Acesta este un instrument inutil.
- Ea este 0 spioana straina.
> foreIgn
> movmg
> remarkable
> alanmng
> useless
> eX':ltlOg
- The weather forecast is >alarming
- This book is >useless to me.
- Ai vazut vreodata unele mai ieftine?
- This scene is very >moving.
- Au doua ma~ini. EI 0 vrea pe cea mare.
- Imi plac acestea negre.
- Am doua scaune ro~ii ~i unul alb.
- The film was very >excltmg.
- 1 had a >remarkable dream.
- He has no >forelgn money.
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>[IY\s iz a rima:'kabl sto:ri]
Have you ever seen cheaper ones?
I like these black ones.
I have two red chairs and a white one.
Pronumele nehotartit one are ~i forma de plural:
They have two cars. He wants the big one.
remarcabil, deosebit
captivant
alarmant, ingrijorator
Aceasta carte imi este nefolositoare.
EI nu are bani straini.
Am avut un vis deosebit.
Aceasta scena este foarte emotionanta.
inutil, nefolositor
Filmul a fost foarte captivant.
Prognoza meteo este alarmanta.
strain, din alta tara
emotionant
Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele noi:
Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:
This is a remarkable story.
This is a useless tool.
She is a foreign spy.
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Completati propozitiile cu fonna corespunzatoare a pronumelui "one":
> [t0311Zn]
>[hidn]
chosen
hidden
- a alege, a selecta
- a dezamagi, a deceptiona
- a alanna, a speria
- a ascunde, a acoperi
- a se mi~ca, a se muta,
a (se) emotiona
- a provoca, a emotiona
- This car is a cheap >one.
- Of all these books I want to read only
the exciting >ones.
- I like dogs, but this isn't a nice> one.
- I have many clocks, but no modem> ones.
- He lost his watch and paid a lot of
money for a new> one.
- I haven't many magazines, I will send
these old >ones.
- Her last letter was a short >one.
- Do you also sell foreign> ones?
- I know that glasses are expensive. How much
have you paid for these new> ones?
> [t~allz]
> [11I(1J
> [tll ala 'ml
> [tll t~ll:Z]
> [tll b.lid]
> [tll I ksa/l]
> [tll dlsapoll1t]
>[tllmll\j
chose
hid
> [t011·z]
> [Iwd]
to alann
to excite
Doua dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata fonnele lor:
Unnariti folosirea verbelor in propozitii ~i exersati pronuntia:
to disappoint
choose
hide
Imi plac cainii, dar acesta nu este unul frumos.
Acum sa invatam cateva verbe noi:
Ultima ei scrisoare a fost scurta.
to move
to choose
Am multe ceasuri dar nici unul modem.
You have disappointed me. >llli. hE\ dls:tpointid ml:] - M-ai dezamagit.
to hide
Aveti de vanzare ~i unele straine?
We have moved to Bucharest. > I "I il f'\ I11LJ vel III huh,nest] - Ne-am mutat la Bucure~ti.
The film excited them. > [L)/a (Ii 111 Ii.;sa/tld Diem] - Filmul i-a emotionat.
Dintre toate cartile acestea vreau sa Ie citesc
doar pe cele captivante.
Aceasta ma~ina este ieftina.
El ~i-a pierdut ceasul ~i a platit 0 gramada
de bani pentru unul nou.
Nu am multe reviste, Ie voi trimite
pe acestea vechi.
~tiu ca ochelarii sunt scumpi. Cat ai platit
pentru ace~tia noi?
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- Au ales covorulcel mai mare.
- Unde ai ascuns aceea?
- Ma~inile Ie-au speriat peanimale.
- Ce carte ai ales?
tiring work
- She >disappointed her parents.
- The men didn't >move.
- It has always >alarmed us.
- I >chose the most expensive book.
- What has >exclted you?
- Have they >hidden everything?
> ["ea' hEy iu: hidn DZEt]
> [IYa ka:'z ala:'mdDZi Enimalz]
> ["at buk hEy iu: t~auzn]
> [DZei t~auz DZii la:'djastka:'pit]
Am ales cea mai scumpa carte.
Ea ~i-a deceptionat parintii.
Asta ne-a alarmat intotdeauna.
Situatia noastra este foarte dificila. > Our situation is 'very difficult.
Sa recapitulam prima parte a lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:
disappointed parents
Inainte sa vedem acest film, ne yom face datoria. > HerO! 10 we see tIllS film, we'll do our task.
Tocmai am primit cateva ve~ti surprinzlitoare. > [ have Just got some surprising news.
Ti-a placut piesa? > DId you like the play?
Where have you hidden that?
Completati propozitiile cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor nou invatate:
Au ascuns totul?
What book have you chosen?
Oamenii nu s-au mi~cat.
They chose the largestcarpet.
Ce te-a provocat?
The cars alarmedthe animals.
A fost eel mai interesant meei pe careI-am vazut vreodata.
Cand vrei sa te muti?
Chiar erezi ea este inutil?
S-a intamplat eeva deosebit?
Cartea lui eea mai noua m-a ~oeat.
Este vreo diferenta intre aeestedoua boli?
surprising news
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> It was the most excitmg matchI have ever seen.
> When do you want to move?
> Do you really think It IS useless?
> Has anything remarkable happened')
> HIs newest book struck me.
> Is there any difference between thesetwo diseases?
exciting match
Sa invatam cateva cuvinte referitoare la ma~ini:
LECTIA 21 - PARTEA A nOVA,
Repetati cuvintele intr-o aWi ordine:
- necaz, neplacere, griji,deranj
- indicator (de directie etc),aparat de masuralde control
- ma~ina de depanare-auto
- benzina, carburant
- benzina, carburant
- ulei
- litru
- ma~ina de depanare-auto
- motor
- camlOn
- baterie, acurnulator
- camlOn
- baterie, acumulator
- fdina
- motor
- mecanic
- necaz, neplacere, griji,deranj
- anvelopa, cauciuc
- mecanic
- indicator (de directie etc),aparat de masuralde control
- anvelopa, cauciuc
- litru
- ulei
- frana
> [breikdaun vEn]
> [taia']
> [oilJ
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tyre
engme > [endjin]
petrol > [petral]
litre > [li:tarJ
oil > [oil]
battery > [bEtari]
trouble > [trabl]
lorry > [Iori]
tyre > [taiar]
brake > [breikJ
mechanic > [mikEnik]
indicator > [indikeita']
breakdown van
trouble > [trabl]
petrol > [petral]
engme > [endjin]
breakdown van > [breikdaun vEn]
litre > [li:ta l]
lorry > [Iori]
battery > [bEtari]
brake > [hreik]
mechanic > [mikEnik]
indicator > [indikeitarJ
oil
B: Did the mechanic help you?
B: Did he also look at the brakes and the tyres?
- Da, erau in regula.
- S-a uitat ~i la frane ~i
la cauciucuri?
- Te-a ajutat mecanicul?
- Am cumparat doi litri de ulei ~i
el mi I-a schimbat.
- leri am avut probleme
cu camionul meu.
...:. S-a oprit brusc ~i 0 ma~ina
de depanare auto
I-a dus la un mecanic.
- Da, a facut totul foarte repede.
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> [did hI: o:lsau luk Et
DZa brelks End D'a talaTz]
> [les Dlel Ua:' 0:1 ralt]
> [nau al didnt D'a bEtari End - Nu. Acumulatorul ~i
D'I indlkeltaTz didnt ua:Tk] indicatoarele n-au functionat.
> [festa'del al hEd sam
trabl uiDZmal Ion]
> [ai bo:t tu: li:taTz avail
End hI: t~emdjd it for mi:]
> [ies hi: dId evnT'in(t')
veri fa:st]
> [dId Ill: hEv endJIn trabl O:T - Ai avut probleme cu motorul
lu: lit] petral] sau prea putina benzina?
> [it sadanli stopt End a
brelkdaun vEn tuk It
tu D'a ImkEmk]
> [dId DZa mlkEmk help iu:]
I bought two litres of oil
and he changed it for me.
No, I didn't. The battery and
the indicators didn't work.
Did he also look at
the brakes and the tyres?
Yes, they were all right.
Did you have engine trouble
or too little petrol?
Did the mechanic help you?
Yesterday I had some
trouble with my lorry.
Yes, he did everything
very fast.
lar acum sa traducem fiecare propozitie:
lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:
A: Yesterday I had some trouble with my lorry. It suddenly stopped and a breakdown van took it
to mechanic.
B: Did you have engine trouble or too little petrol?
A: Yes, he did everything very fast.
A: No, I didn't. The battery and the indicators didn't work.
A: Yes, they were all right. I bought two litres of oil and he changed it for me.
It suddenly stopped and a
breakdown van took it
to a mechanic.
Sa ne intoarcem la comparatia adjectivelor ~i adverbelor.
Ciind compariim substantive, superioritatea se exprimii prin forma de comparativ precedatii dearticolul hotiiriit the:
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- Dintre cele doua cladiri aceastaeste mai inalti?
- Dintre cele doua ma~ini aceastaeste mai ieftini.
> indicator
> engine
> 011
> battery
> lorry
> breakdown van
> trouble
> litre
> mechanic
> tyre
> brake
> petrol
- This >battery is out of order.
- >Petrol is expensive in this country.
- I don't know what the >trouble is.
-The mechanic fixed my (car) >brakes.
- How much is this >engine?
- Where can we park these >Iorries?
- Ten >Iitres, please.
- You need another kind of >oiL
- Use the >mdicators!
- She drives a >breakdown van.
- Is there a >mechamc to help me?
- You have two worn out >tyres.
> [DZis iz DZa t~i:par avDZa ttl" ka 'z]
> [IZ DZis DZa to:la' '1\
DZa tu: bildlll(g)z]Is this the taller ofthe two buildings?
This is the cheaper ofthe two cars.
indicator
motor
Traduceti cuvintele urmatoare in limba engleza:
Folose~te indicatoarele!
acumulator
Este aici un mecanic care sa rna ajute?
litru
depanare auto
Acest acumulator nu functioneaza.
Benzina este scumpa in aceasta tara.
cauciuc, pneu
Unde putem parca aceste camioane?
friina
necaz, neplacere
ulei
Ea conduce 0 ma~ina de depanare auto.
carburant
Ai nevoie de un alt fel de ulei.
camlon
mecanic
Cat costa acest motor?
Mecanicul mi-a reparat franele (de la ma~ina).
Zece litri, va rog.
Nu ~tiu care este problema.
Completati propozitiile urmatoare cu cuvintele noi:
Ai doua cauciucuri uzate.
14
Sa folosim cuvintele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:
- Ma~ina mergea dince in ce mai repede.
- Benzina e din ce in cemai scumpa.
- Ei au vorbit din ce in cemai tare.
> Th,:; is the more difficult questIOnof the two.
> They were talking loudhel and loudher.
> They are becoming ncher and ncher.
> He is the older of the t\\ a boys.
> [petIallz blkamin(g) rna:'End mar Ikspenslv]
> [DZakd:'mu:vdfasta'End fa:sta']
> [IYel to kt les Endles kUaiath]
Dintre cei doi baieti el este mai mare.
Ei devin din ce in ce mai bogati.
spare > [spear] - de rezerva, suplimentar, liber
left > [ldt] - stang, din stanga
rear > rna'] - spate, dos, din spate
economical > l J: kanOlTII kal] - economie(os); eeonom
reliable > [nla/abl] - dernn de incredere, sigur
front > [frant] - partea din fataJ(de) dinainte, fata
broken > [blaukn] - sfiiramat, spart, strieat
Ei au vorbit din ce in ce mai tare.
Dintre cele doua intrebari aceasta estemai dificila.
Acum iata cateva adjective noi. Cititi euvintele eu voce tare ~i retineti sernnificatia lor in limbaromana:
A: Can you see my new car?
B: No, which one is yours?
A: This one. It is the most reliable car in Europe.
B: Is it also economical?
A: Oh, yes. It doesn't use much petrol.
B: Did they give you a spare tyre?
A: Yes, they did. And they also gave me the front and rear lights.
B: But look, the left indicator is broken.
A: Oh, yes! I didn't see that.
Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:
Cre~terea sau descre~terea progresiva se exprima prin utilizarea repetata a gradului comparativ aladjectivului sau adverbului, legate prin conjunctia and:
Petrol is becoming moreand more expensive.
They talked less andless quietly.
The car moved fasterand faster.
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:
Acum vom traduce fiecare propozitie In parte. Cititi-le cu atentie ~i exersati pronuntia:
> [It IZ D/a maust nlaIabl ka: f- Este cea mai sigura m~ina
in lUafap] din Europa.
- A, da. Nu am observat asta.
- Dar prive~te, indicatorul din
stanga este spart.
- Ti-au dat cauciuc
de rezerva?
- Dh, da. ~i nu consuma
multa benzina.
- Nu, care este a ta?
- Aceasta.
- Este ~i economicoasa?
- Vezi ma~ina mea cea noua?
> cl'onornJcal
> left
> broken
> spare
- The >tront lights are out of order.
- Which is the most >economical car?
- The right >rear tyre is getting worse
and worse.
- Cars are becoming more and more >reliable.
- There is something in his >left eye.
- All the plates were >broken.
- Can you give me your > spare tyre?
15
> [bat luk DZa left indlkeltar
iz hriiuknJ
> [au It:S al didnt 51. D/Et]
> [Ies D/ei did End DZel o:lsau - Da. ~i mi-au dat
gelV ml: D'il frant End ~i farurile din fatariar lalts] ~i din spate.
> [iz It o:lsau l:kanomlkill]
> lallieS it daznt
flU mat~ petral]
> l did D/ci giv Ill.
a spea' tala']
> [D'is "an]
> l n:JLl Ult~ "an iz IO:'Z]
> [kEn ILl: si: mai t1lU: ka:']
sraramat
economicos
stang
(de) rezerva
Traduceti in limba engleza:
Farurile din fata nu functioneaza.
Cauciucul din spate din dreapta e din ce in ce
mai prost.
Care este cea mai economicoasa ma~ina?
Ma~inile devin din ce in ce mai sigure.
Toate farfuriile erau sparte.
Poti sa-mi dai cauciucul tau de rezerva?
Is it also economical?
Yes, they did. And they also
gave me the front and
rear lights.
But look, the left indicator
is broken.
Dh, yes! I didn't see that.
E ceva in ochiul lui stang.
Dh, yes. It doesn't
use much petrol.
Did they give you
a spare tyre?
No, which one is yours?
This one.
Can you see my new car?
It is the most reliable car
in Europe.
Ati vazut deja cum se folose~te verbul "to do" ca verb auxiliar la formarea propozitiilor interogative
~i negative.
In limba romana aceasta accentuare a verbului principal se reda prin cuvintele: intr-adeviir, trebuie,neapiirat etc. De exemplu:
overtaken> [auvartclkn]
- a repara, a indrepta
- a frana
- a accelera
- a ajunge din urma, a depa~i
- a umple, a ocupa (un post liber),a completa (un formular)
- a controla, a verifica
> front
> relIable
> rear
> Do help me!
- Vino ~i viziteaza-ma (insist)!
- Staijos (daca iti spun)!
- Pot sa-ti spun ca ellucreaza (intr-adevar).
- Asculta-ma!
> Do have dinner with us!
> He did read this book.
> She did learn a lot.
16
[tu fil ap]
[tu tgek]
[tu npcar]
[tu bretk]
[tu aksclarett]
[tu auvartctk]
overtook> [auvartuk]
Formele verbului "to overtake":
to repair
to brake
overtake> [auvartctk]
to accelerate
to overtake
to fill up
to check
EI a citit aceasta carte.
la masa cu noi!
I can tell you that he does work.
Do listen to me!
Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
lata cateva verbe noi:
Do come and visit me!
Ea a invatat mult.
Ajuta-ma!
Do sit down!
din spate
partea din fata
demn de incredere
In unele situafii verbul auxiliar to do se folose:;te :;i in propozifii afirmative pentru a accentua 0
afirmafie sau verbul principal. In aceste situafii verbul auxiliar va fi accentuat:
Neaparat vino ~i viziteaza-ma!
Trebuie sa stai jos!
Pot sa-ti spun ca el intr-adevar lucreaza!
Verbul to do sefolose~te ~i in urmiitoarele cazuri:
Sa ne intoarcem din nou 1a folosirea verbului "to do":
Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma corespunzatoare a verbelor recent Invatate:
- Ma~ina a aceelerat eu u~urinta.
- Ne-au depa~it aproape deBucure~ti.
- Ati controlat uleiul?
- Au reparat autobuzulIn graM.
- Ai franat la timp?
- Imi faceti plinul, va rog?
> to fill up
> to check
> to accelerate
> to brake
> to repair
> to overtake
- He is trying to >overtake her.
- The indicators have been >checked by me.
- His car is always >repalredby the same mechanic.
- Have you ever >braked on a slippery road?
- It >accelerates beautifully.
- Who has >filled it up?
17
> [~l: Ua:'ks Ez ha:'d Ez - Munce~te la fe1 de mu1tIll: du:] ca ~i tine.
> [DZel auva'tuk as nia'
bukarestJ
> [did iu: breik in t3lm]
> [lIIlIU: fit it ap pli:z]
> [hEv iu: t~ekt D'i oil]
> [DZei ripca'd D'a basIII a hari]
> [D'a ka:' akselareitld i:Zlli]
She works as hard asyou do.
a frana
a ump1e
a acce1era
Traduceti In limba engleza urmatoare1e verbe:
Ai franat vreodata pe un drum alunecos?
Accelereaza frumos.
a verifica
L Pentru a evita repetarea verbuluiprincipal alpropozifiei, cu excep!ia verbelor to be, to have~i a verbelor auxiliare modale.
a depa~i
Indieatoarele au fost verificate de catre mine.
Ellncearca sa 0 depa~easca.
Will you fill it up, please?
a repara
Have you checked the oil?
Did you brake in time?
lata verbele noi In propozitii. Cititi cu voce tare:
They repaired the busin a hurry.
Cine a Iacut plinul?
Ma~ina lui este reparata Intotdeaunade acela~i mecanic.
They overtook us nearBucharest.
The car accelerated easily.
Ultimul exercitiu allectiei sintetizeaza intregul material invatat. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:
2. Cu ajutorullui. ne putem referi la verbul menfionat anterior:
- Cine-l cunoa~te pe acest om?Eu (il cunosc).
- Scrie la fel de frumos
ca ~i tatallui.
- Le-am spus sa pIece in lini~te
~i a~a au facut.
- Ea i-a spus sa a~tepte
dar el nu a a~teptat.
- L-am rugat sa repare ma~ina
~i el a facut-o (a reparat-o).
> ThIS situatIOn IS an alarming one.
> He mo\ es more quietly than you do.
> H1S struggle ~as a useless one.
> I asked hun to go to the theatre With me
and he did so.
> lie sa~ lllany films but he only likedthe English ones.
> He talks as fast as you do.
> I VISited many foreIgn countries, but Denmarkwas the most beautiful one.
> My Job IS gettmg more and more tiring.
> ThiS inventIOn is exciting.
> ThiS task IS a difficult one.
> He asked us to say everything and we did so.
> The film was very disappomting for me.
> I asked hun to come early and he did so.
> 1bought as little as he did.
18
> [hu: nauz DZls mEn
aI du:}
> [~l: tauld hun tu Ueltbat he didnt}
> [Ui: tauld D'em tu li:vkUaiatli End DLei dId sau]
> [h I. ralts Ez blU. tJ taliEz hlz fa DZa f did}
> [al a·skt him tu ripea f
DZa ka: f End hi: did sau]
Who knows this man?I do.
She told him to waitbut he didn't.
We told them to leavequietly and they did so.
He writes as beautifully
as his father did.
I asked him to repairthe car and he did so.
L-am rugat sa vina cu mine la teatru
~i a venit.
Lupta lui a fast (una) inutila.
EI se mi~ca mai incet deciit tine.
Aceasta situatie este (una) ingrijoratoare.
EI a vazut multe tilme, dar i-au placutnumai cele engleze~ti.
Filmul a fost foarte dezamagitor pentru mine.
Am vizitat multe tari straine, dar Danemarcaa fost cea mai frumoasa.
Slujba mea devine din ce in ce mai obositoare.
Aceasta inventie este interesanta.
Aceasta sarcina este (una) dificila.
L-am rugat sa vina devreme ~i a~a a facut.
EI ne-a rugat sa spunem totul ~i a~a am facut.
El vorbe~te la fel de repede ca ~i tine.
Am cumparat la fel de putin ca ~i el.
Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:
19
Urmeaza exercitiul de pronuntie. Literele ingro~ate din cuvintele de pe 0 coloana desemneaza suneteidentice:
[al] [en] [Cl] [a:]
hide where play alarm
spy repair brake remarkable"-
tyre there day task
try pair say ask
> She overtakes as many cars as you do.
> Which is the older of the front lyres?
> J asked him to walt for the breakdown van
and he (IJd so.
> The engines are getting more and more
economical.
> This mechaJ1lc IS a Jeltable one.
> You have changed the front tyres, but what
about the rear ones"
Ea depa~e~te tot atat de multe ma~ini ca ~i tine.
L-am rugat sa a~tepte ma~ina de depanare auto~i a~a a mcut.
Acest mecanic este (unul) de incredere.
Motoarele devin din ce in ce maieconomicoase.
Care dintre cauciucurile din fata este mai vechi?
Ai schimbat cauciucurile din fata, dar caree situatia cu cele din spate?
Pronumele nehotarat one poate sa apara ~i la plural:
21.1. Participiul
- Dintre cele doua ma~ini aceastaeste mai ieftina.
- Aceasta munca este epuizanta.
- Diferenta este frapanta.
- Ai vazut vreodata unele mai ieftine?
- Imi plac acestea negre.
- Am doua scaune ro~ii ~i unul alb.
- Ei au doua ma~mi. El 0 vrea pe ceaalbastra.
- de indata ce
- cand
- dupa, dupa aceea, dupa ce, ulterior
- inainte, dinaintea, altadata
- El va cumpara ma~ina de indata, ce obtine banii.
- Voi cina inainte sa merg la el.
20
This is the cheaper of thetwo cars.
Have you ever seen cheaper ones?
I like these black ones.
I have two red chairs and a white one.
They have two cars. He wants theblue one.
In cazul unor comparatii sau repetitii, substantiveIe pot fi inlocuite in propozitie de pronumelenehotarat "one". Utilizarea lui este obligatorie alaturi de adjective ~i in multe cazuri adjectivuleste precedat de articolul hotarat:
Ea poate fi introdusa de unnatoarele conjunqii:
when
as soon as
21.4.1. In cazul comparatiei referitoare la accea~i trasatura a doua substantive, superioritatease exprima prin gradul comparativ precedat de articolul hotarat "the":
Verbul din propozitia introdusa de conjunqiile mentionate se afla la timpul prezent simplu(Simple Present):
This job is exhausting.
The difference is striking.
before
after
Daca la fonna de infinitiv scurt (Tara "to") a verbului adaugam tenninatia ,,-ing", obtinemparticipiul, care poate functiona ca adjectiv:
He will buy the car as soon ashe gets the money.
1 will have dinner before I go to him.
21.4. Comparatia adjectivelor ~i adverbelor:
21.3. One
21.2. Propozitia circumstantiala de timp are 0 structura identica cu cea a propozitiei conditionale detipul I.
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 21,
21
21.5.3. Cu ajutorul verbului "to do" ne putem referi la verhul folosit anterior In propozitie:
Urmarind exemplul de mai sus putem ohserva ca folosirea verhului "to do" poateaduce ~i informatii suplimentare.
- Vino ~i viziteaza-ma neaparat!
- L-am rugat sa repare ma~ina
~i el a Iacut-o.
- Munce~te la fel de mult ca ~i tine.
- Ma~ina mergea din ce In cemai repede.
- Benzina e din ce In cemai scumpa.
- Eu au vorbit din ce In ce mai aprins.
Petrol is becoming more andmore expensive.
The car moved faster andfaster.
She works as ~ard as you do.
Do come and visit me!
They talked less and less quietly.
I asked him to repair the carand he did so.
21.4.2. Cre~terea sau descre~terea progresiva se exprima prin repetarea formei decomparativ a adjectivului sau adverbului, cele doua forme fiind legate princonjunqia "and":
21.5.2. Verbul "to do" se folose~te pentru Inlocuirea verhului principal deja cunoscut, cuexceptia verbelor "to be, to have" ~i a verbelor auxiliare modale:
21.5.1. Verbul auxiliar "to do" se folosqte In propozitii afirmative pentru a accentua, asublinia 0 afirmatie sau pentru accentuarea verbului principal al propozitiei. Verbulauxiliar va fi accentuat In pronuntie:
21.5. Verbul auxiliar to do
It is getting more and more cloudy.
22
1. Which is the more exciting of these two films?
1. L-am rugat sa aleaga ~i el a Iacut-o.
4. Este sigura aceasta roata de rezerva?
3. El cii~tiga mai putin deciit ea.
2. Dati-mi, va rog, pe cea economicoasa.
5. Dupa ce termini de citit, vei repara biblioteca.
6. Ma viziteaza din ce in ce mai des.
2. The fast ones are very expensive.
6.
5. We smoke as little as they do.
4. Do invite her for dinner!
3. You will move as soon as your room is ready.
C. Corectati gre~elile din fiecare propozitie: %
1. This is a useles task. .~~-2%
2. I drink less than he do.8%
3. The red one are sweeter. 4%
4. After she will finish school she will be a teacher. 1% .J
5. Is the engine accelerating good? 2%
B,.. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 21
A. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba romiina:
23
Repetati cuvintele noi ~i intr-o alta ordine:
Sa lnvatam ciiteva cuvinte din domeniul bancar:
,.. ,..PARTEA INTAILECTIA 22,
withdrawal > [ lIiDzdro:al] - retragere, ridicare de bani
coin > [koin] -moneda
loan > [laun] - imprumut
account > [akaunt] - cont, factura, notade plata
deposit > l dipozit] - depozit, depunere(la banca)
instalment > [insto:lmant] - rata, plata In rate
rate of interest > rreit av intrist] - rata dobiinzii, doMnda
information > [infamei~n] - informatii
cheque > [t~ek] - cec
form > [fo:rm] - formular
balance > lbElans] - balanla, bilant, echilibru,sold
account > [akauntJ - cont, factura, notade plata
cheque > [t~ek] - cec
instalment > [ insto:lmant] - rata, plata in rate
loan > [Htlm] - imprumut
rate of interest > [reit av intrist] - rata dobiinzii, dobiinda
coin > [koinj - moneda
form > [fo:rm] - formular
information > [infamei~n] - informatii
balance > [bEUms] - balanla, bilanl, echilibru,sold
withdrawal > [UiDzdro:al] - retragere, ridicare de bani
deposit > [dipozit] - depozit, depunere(la banca)
I~ -
2% 8 % 0'0 10,7% 2/5
J% 9.7:A il ,0 9 % 2,~
4~ <A.J\.'~_1_,6_0/0 7,6_% 2/4
1~ • ~ 10 3,9 % 5,9% 2,1
Completati propozitiile cu cuvintele care lipsesc. Cititi textul cu voce tare:
- Ea face depuneri saptamanal.
- EI a ridicat bani.
- Ai nevoie de aceste formulare.
- Acceptati bani marunti (monede)?
- Este suficient de maresoldul meu?
- Rata dobfmzii este ridicata.
- Sunt informatii utile.
- Pot obtine aici un imprumut?
- Vreti bani sau un cec?
- Am un cont la 0 bancade incredere.
- What is this> form for?
- I will make a> withdrawal today.
- The> rate of interest is rising.
24
> [~I: melks ui:kh dipozits]
> [hI: meld a uIDzdro:al]
> [IZ mal bElans hai ina£]
> [iu: m:d DZI.Z fo:'mz]
> [du 1U: telk kotnz]
> [DZIs iz lU:sfal mfamei~n]
> [DZa relt ov intnst iz hat]
> [du IU: Uont mani0:' a t~ek]
> [1U: kEn pel in Insto:lmants] - Poti plati in rate.
> [al hEy an akaunt In anlalabl bEnk]
> [kEn ai get a loun hla']
Pentru ce este acest formular?
Azi voi ridica bani.
Rata dobanzii cre~te.
He made a withdrawal.
Is my balance high enough?
You need these forms.
She makes weekly deposits.
ThiE. is useful information.
You can pay in instalments.
Do you take coins?
lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Fiti atenti la pronuntie:
Can I get a loan here?
The rate of interest is high.
Do you want moneyor a cheque?
I have an account in areliable bank.
in limba englezii existii mai multe substantive care nu au plural; ele sunt urmate de un verb lapersoana a IIl-a singular. in limba romiinii unele se traduc la singular, altele la plural.
Urmariti substantivele de mai jos ~i retineti intelesullor:
El vrea sa schimbe aceste monede.
- proprietate, avere
- informatii
-bani
- ~tire, noutate, veste/~tiri,
noutati, ve~ti
-progres
- putere, forta, tarie
- venit, in special din impozit
-marfa
- afacere, treaba
- mobilier, mobila
> instalment
> balance
> form
> loan
> deposit
> withdrawal
> rate of interest
> cheque
> account
> coin
> information
- He wants to change these >coins.
- We need more >information.
- We need this >loan.
- This is the last >instalment.
- How long have you had an >account?
- I gave him a >cheque.
- This is my first >deposlt.
- Where is the >balance?
25
> [bizllls]
> [Ia:rnit~ar]
> [praugres]
> [stren(g)TS]
> [revamu:]
> [ma:rt~andaiz]
> [proparti]
> [infamel~n]
> [mam]
> [nlU.z]
money
news
information
lata ~i alte substantive:
merchandise
property
revenue
furniture
progress
strength
business
informatie
imprumut
De cat timp ai un cont?
I-am dat un cec.
Aceasta este prima mea depunere.
Unde este bilantul?
Avem nevoie de mai multe informatii.
Avem nevoie de acest imprumut.
Aceasta este ultima rata.
cec
Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza:
sold
retragere
formular
depunere
rata dobanzii
moneda
cont
rata
lata acum ciiteva verbe noi. Urmariti semnificatia lor in limba romiina:
- a chema, a striga, a denumi,a boteza
- a retrage, a lua inapoi, a scoate,a ridica bani
- a Invata, a afla
- a imprumuta, a lua cu imprumut
- a completa (un formular,chestionar... )
- a ridica 0 suma, a plati in numerar
- a depune
- a imprumuta, a da cu imprurnut
- Mobila a fost ieftina.
- Afacerile merg bine anul acesta.
- S-a progresat putin.
- They bought the >merchandlse at discount.
- We do a lot of>busmess with them.
- Has there been much >progress?
- Has he much >property?
- The >rcvenue has risen.
- Is this >furniture new?
- Has he enough >strength for this work?
26
>[tu film]
> [tu borauJ
>[tula'n]
> [tu ko 1]
> [tLl lend]
> [tll dlpOZIt]
> [tll UiD!dlO ]
> [tu kE~]
> [biznIS IZ gud O'lS ila']
> [DZei lost 0 1D/eiT propaTti] - ~i-au pierdut toata averea.
> [DZa revanlU: 1Z hal maf] - Impozitul este destul de ridicat.
> [DZIs ma.'t~andalz IZ redl] - Aceasta marta este gata.
> [ha:' stren(glp uoz Igzo:stic] - (Ea) era la capatul puterilor.
> [liti praugres uoz meld]
to deposit
to call (to)
to learn
to withdraw
to fill in
to borrow
Impozitul a crescut.
to lend
S-au tacut multe progrese?
Este destul de puternic pentru aceasta munca?
to cash
Facem 0 multime de afaceri cu ei.
Au cumparat marfa la pret redus.
Aceasta mobila este noua?
EI are avere mare?
Little progress was made.
Business is good this year.
Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc. Cititi propozitiile cu voce tare ~i fitiatenti la pronuntie:
Her strength was exhausted.
They lost all their property.
The revenue is high enough.
This merchandise is ready.
The furniture was cheap.
lata aceste substantive in propozitii:
Unele dintre aceste verbe sunt neregulate. lata fonnele lor:
fonna I forma a II-a fonna a III-a
lend > [ lend] lent > [lent] lent > [ lent]
withdraw > [\liD'dro:] withdrew > [\liDzdru.] withdrawn > [\lIDzdro:n]
learn > [la:'n] learnt > [la.lnt] learnt > [la:'nt]
- How much did he > lend you?
- Have you> cashed this cheque already?
- You haven't> filledit in yet.
- Fill in this fonn to > wlthdrawmoney, please.
- What did she> callto you?
- We have> borroweda lot ofmoney from him.
- Have you> karnlhow to repair it?
- Do you want to > deposltmuch?
27
Ai incasat deja acest cec?
Cu cat te-a imprumutat?
Completati, va rag, acest fonnular pentruridicarea banilor.
Noi am imprumutat multi bani de la el.
Ce ti-a strigat?
Ai invatat cum se repara asta?
Vrei sa depui multi bani?
Inca nu l-ai completat.
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza:
Sa folosim verbele invatate in propozitii:
She cashed the cheque. > [~i. kE~t DZa t~ek I - Ea a incasat cecul.
He has lent us the money. > [hI: hEz lent as IYa marJlj - El ne-a imprumutat banii.
~ We borrowed less last year. > [\II: boraud les la:st Ila'] - Noi am imprumutat mai putinanul trecut.
Have you filled in the fonn? > [hEy w: fild in {)fa fa.'m] - Ai completat fonnularul?
What did you learn yesterday? > ["at dId III la:'11 Icsta'dcI] - Ce-ai invatat ieri?
They withdrew all their > [DZel u1Dzdru: 0:1 Dzei' - ~i-au retras toti banii.money. mani]
How much have you > [hall mats h[v lU: - Cat ai depus?deposited? dipoZllld]
We called the cat Blinky. > [Ui: ko. ld D/a kEt blin(g)ki] - Am botezat-o Blinky pe pisica.
Ca orice substantiv gerunziul poate sti aparti in propozi(ie ca:
Acum sa ne intoarcem la problema verbelor terminate in ,,-ing".
- Fumatul este daunator (pentrudumneavoastra).
- Plimbarea in padure este placuta.
- A minca prea mult nu-ti face bine.
- Zborul este periculos?
- Poti sa inveti ceva fiicind (asta).
- Inaintea de a pleca el a scris 0 scrisoare scurtii.
> ApplyIng for a Job IS exhaustmg.
> We are thmkmg about firIng ten employees.
- Au vorbit despre faptul ca merg la cinema.
- Ce parere ai despre cumpirarea unui caine?
> WatchIng TV can be tIrIng.
> I don't Itke dusting the floors.
> to wIthdraw
>-to learn
> to cash
> to borrow
> to fill In
> to depOSIt
> to lend
> to call
They talked about going to the cinema.
What do you think about buying a dog?
Walking in the woods is nice.
Eating too much is not good for you.
28
Ne giindim sa concediem zece angajati.
Solicitarea unui loc de munca este epuizanta.
A te uita la TV poate fi obositor.
Before leaving he wrote a short letter.
You can learn something by doing it.
Is flying dangerous?
2. Duptiprepozi(ii:
Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:
1. Subiect:
Nu-mi place sa ~terg pe jos.
Smoking is bad for you.
Inainte de a analiza caracteristicile acestei forme verbale, iata cateva exemple. Cu ajutorullor putemobserva ca aceasta forma a verbului se traduce in limba romana printr-un substantiv sau un verb lainfinitiv.
Traduceti unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:
Aceastti 0 formti a verbului desemneazti substantivul format din verb. in propozi{ii ea are rolurispecijice substantivului dar i~iptistreazti ~i caracterul verbal, datorittifaptului cti cereprepozi{iile $icazurile specijiceformei de bazti a .verbului. in limba engleztiaceasttiformti a verbului cu termina(ia,,-ing" se nume~tegerund [dJerand].
a depune
ada imprumut (cuiva)
a lua imprumut (de la)
a invata
a completa (un formular)
a retrage, a ridica bani
a chema
a incasa, a schimba in bani (un cec)
Sa invatam ciiteva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor in limba romana:
Completati propozitiile in limba engleza:
Sa introducem cuvintele noi in propozitii:
- Ciind ai ridicat baniultima oara?
- Este riscant sa Ie dai banicu imprumut.
- Care este rata actualaa dobiinzii?
- Este sigur sa depui banila banca aceea?
- E~ti sigur ca soldul tau esteindeajuns de ridicat?
- Suntem gata sa platimin numerar.
- riscant, periculos
- anterior, prealabil, precedent
- pregatit, gata (de, sa)
- sigur, lipsit de pericol,in siguranta
- sigur, convins
- prezent, actual
- The >present balance is very low.
- Cheques are >safer than bills.
- Are you> sure you have an account here?
- This loan is very >risky.
- My >previous deposit was small.
- Are you > prepared to pay cash?
29
> [Uen Uoz io: f pri:viasuiDzdro:al]
> liz It selftu dlpozit maniUiD' DzEt bEnk]
> [Iendin<g) D'em maniiz riski]
> ["ot iz D'a prezant reitov intrist]
> [a: r IU: ~uaf D'Et io: f
bElans iz hai inaf]
> [Ui' a: r pripeard tu pei
in kE~]
> [pri:vJas]
> [prezant]
> [riski]
> [pripeard]
> [~uar]
> [seif]
Acest imprumut este foarte riscant.
E~ti pregatit sa pHite~ti in numerar?
Soldul actual este foarte scazut.
Cecurile sunt mai sigure deciit bancnotele.
E~ti sigur ca ai un cont aici?
Ultima mea depunere a fost mica.
risky
safe
previous
Lending them moneyis risky.
When was your previouswithdrawal?
present
Are you sure that yourbalance is high enough?
What is the present rateof interest?
Is it safe to deposit moneywith that bank?
sure
prepared
We are prepared to payin cash.
Forma de gerunziu sefolose!jte in urmatoarele cazuri:
Daca substantivul are semnificafie de plural atunci trebuie safie la plural:
])0 they lIke drinkll1g coffee?
This car IS worth buying.
It's no use takmg It now.
He has just stopped wrIting.
- nefolositor, rara rost, nu are rost
- (care) merita
- Nu are rost sa vorbim eu el.
- Cartea merita sa fie citita.
- Ei au incetat lucml dupa cateva ore.
- Ili place sa inoli? (Ili place inotul?)
- In acel accident ~i-au pierdut viata.
- Fiecare ~i-a condus ma~ina.
- Noi toti ne-am cumparat biletele proprii.
- Am a~teptat 0 ora ~i jumatate.
- Loeuiesc aici de trei ani.
- EI are zece ani.
> sure
> prepared
> nsky
> present
> safe
> previous
1. Dupii anumite verbe:
They stopped working after a few hours.
Do you like swimming?
30
Traduceli urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza:
Lor Ie place sa bea cafea?
Aceasta ma~ina merita sa fie cumparata.
Nu are rost sa iei asta acum.
EI tocmai s-a oprit din scris.
2. Cu urmiitoarele expresii:
it is no use
it is worth
It is no use talking to him.
The book is worth reading.
In that accident they lost their lives.
We all drove our own cars.
We all bought our own tickets.
We waited for one and a half hours.
They have lived here for three years.
He is ten years old.
sigur
pregatit, gata (de)
riscant
prezent
sigur, in siguranla
precedent
Sa ne intoarcem la pluralul substantivelor.
Traduceli cuvintele in limba engleza:
Daca substantivul este precedat de un numeral, altul dedit unu, atunci substantivul este la plural:
31
lar acum urmeaza exercitiul de pronuntie. Cuvintele de pe acee~i coloana au un sunet identic, desemnatde literele scrise ingro~at. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare:
In incheire sa recapitulam toate problemele gramaticale discutate. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitiiin limba engleza:
> You can do it by selling your property.
> He cashed the cheque oneand a half months ago.
> Making a: deposit is easy.
> This informatIOn is relJable.
> I don't like borrowing.
> I lIke to do business with him.
> How many people lost then lives'!
> Will you call my brother?
> You can pay the car in instalments.
> Are you sure that lending themmoney is risky?
> After filling m the forms we got the money.
> Do you know the present rate of mterest?
> I have had an account here for ten years.
> We all used our own bicycles.
[ E] [e] [a] [i: ]
cash lend trouble disease
bank cheque struggle previous
balance left cut scene
stamp twelve but seen
lamp engine sun been
~tii care este rata actuala a dobanzii?
Am avut un cont aici timp de zece ani.
Aceste inforrnatii sunt demne de incredere.
II vei suna pe fratele meu?
Dupa completarea formularelor am primit banii.
Imi place sa fac afaceri cu el.
Poti plati ma~ina in rate.
EI a incasat cecul in urrna cuo luna ~i jumatate.
Nu-mi place sa iau cu imprumut.
Cati oameni ~i-au pierdut viata?
Este u~or sa faci 0 depunere.
Noi toti am folosit bicicletele proprii.
Poti face asta vanzand proprietatea tao
E~ti sigur ca este riscant sa Ieimprumutam bani?
Barbara: Because sometimes there are many people there.
Barbara: The bank always want information, but that takes time, too.
> The last scene was a very remarkable one.
> We saw a movll1g play last mght.
> Not all rtlms are exciting.
> YOLI \\ a1ch mOle films than I cia.
> But 1 like the good ones.
> Some inventIOns are useless.
32
Peter, don't you think that we still have time for shopping?
I don't know. The streets are still full of traffic and you cannot drive very fast.
And something is wrong with the car. It didn't accelerate well when I was driving home.
And you don't know what the trouble is, so you have to ask a mechanic to checkeverything.
If the trouble is serious I have to call a breakdown van.
Peter, the mechanic just called and said that he had to put a new engine in our car, but isthat true?
I don't know. You know that some people are not reliable. They only want your money.
But we don't have enough money right now to pay for a new engine.
Then we have to borrow money, at a high rate of interest.
This shows how one bad thing can cause another.
Well, it is better not to worry too much.
People try to write very fast because they have little time.
But when you do the necessary things you leave the bank in a hurry.
Yes, many people want to make a withdrawal or a deposit.
I think so. Why do you ask that?
Dar mie imi plac cele bune.
Ultima scena a fost una remarcabi1a.
Nu toate filmele sunt interesante.
Tu te uiti la mai mu1te filme decat mine.
Seara trecuta noi am vazut 0 piesa emotionanta.
Cateva inventii sunt nefo10sitoare.
Peter:
Peter:
Mary:
Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Mary:
Peter:
Mary:
Mary:
John:
John:
Peter:
Barbara: And you must fill in forms before you can do something.
John:
Urmeaza un exercitiu de traducere In care vom recapitula materialu1 1ectii10r 21 ~i 22. Traducetipropozitiile In limba engleza:
Barbara: John, do you often have to go to the bank?
John:
LECTIA 22 - PARTEA A nOVA,
Cititi cu atentie urmatorul dialog. Silabele ~i cuvintele accentuate sunt evidentiate prin caracterespeciale:
L-am rugat pe mecanic sa verifice motorul~i el a lacut-o.
A~ putea sa-l depa~esc u~or.
Ma~inile straine devin din ce 'in ce mai ieftine.
Dintre cei doi baieti, el 'il 'intreaba pe celmai mare unde este banca.
EI nu ne-a putut dainformatiile necesare.
Ei au lacut plinul 'in graba.
Este un motor foarte economic.
E~ti sigur ca acumulatorul nu functioneaza?
Este mai sigur sa nu accelerezi prea mult.
Am vazut un politist prin geamul din spate.
Inainte sa repare frana, el a verificatindicatoarele.
Nu este greu sa schimbi un cauciuc.
EI a ales 0 ma~ina straina.
Noi Ie-am 'imprumutat ni~te ulei.
E~ti gata sa ajuti un spion?
Situatia este 'inca alarmanta?
Poti face asta 'inainte de a incasa cecul?
Camioanele trebuie sa aiba frane foarte bune.
Ei pot face asta lara toategesturile acestea.
Vezi diferenta?
Nu are rost sa te ascunzi.
Merita sa cumparam un acumulator nou?
A devenit din ce 'in ce mai riscant.
Am rugat-o sa ridice bani ~i ea a Iacut-o.
Am vrut sa cumparam 0 ma~ina ~i am ales-o
pe cea economica.
Dintre cele doua, cea ieftina estecea mai sigura.
33
> l asked the mechal1lc to check the engineand he did so.
> I could overtake hIm easily.
> Foreign cars are gettmg cheaper and cheaper.
> He IS asking the 01 der of the two boys
'" here the bank is.
> He could not give usthe necessary mformation.
> They filled up the car m a hurry.
> It is a very economIcal engme.
> Are you sure the battery is out of order?
> It is safer not to accelerate too fast.
> I sa\, a policeman through the rear window.
> Before repainng the brake, he checkedthe indicators.
> Changmg a tyre is not dit1icult.
> He has chosen a foreign car.
> \Ve have lent them some OIl.
> Are you prcpared to help a spy?
> Is the situatIon stIlI alarming?
> Can you do this before cashing the cheque?
> Lorries must have very good brakes.
> Thcy can do It without makingall these gcstures.
> Can you see what the difference is?
> It's no use hiding.
> It is worth buying a new battery?
> It was getting riskier and riskier.
> I asked her to withdraw money and she did so.
> We wanted to buy a car and we chosethe economical onc.
> The cheaper of the two is the morereliable one.
34
> Yau can sell your property.
> Four people lost their lIves.
> We must choose between withdraWIng moneyand borrowlllg it.
> This IS the last Instalment, but when werethe prevIOus ones')
> She gave up smoking last week.
> It IS Important to have a spare tyre.
> Do check the OIl!
Ea s-a lasat de fumat saptamana trecuta.
Iti poti vinde proprietatea.
Patru oameni ~i-au pierdut viata.
Este important sa avem 0 roata de rezerva.
"Changing a tyre is not difficult."
Trebuie sa alegem i'ntre a scoate bani~i a-i i'mprumuta.
Aceasta este ultima rata, dar cand au fostcele anterioare?
Controleaza neaparat ~i uleiul!
22.2.1. Ca orice substantiv la fel ~i gerunziul apare in propozitie ca :
22.2. Gerunziul (substantive formate din verbe cu terminatia ,,-ing")
Daca substantivul are semnificatie de plural atunci trebuie sa primeasca ~i forma de plural:
- ~i-au pierdut viata in acel accident.
- EI are zece ani.
- Am a~teptat 0 ora ~i jumatate.
- Locuiesc aici de trei ani.
- merita sa (00')
- Cartea merita citita.
- nu are rost
- Nu are rost sa vorbim cu el.
- Au vorbit despre plecarea laBucure~ti.
- Au incetat sa lucreze dupacateva ore.
- afacere, treaba, treburi
- mobilier, mobila
- Plimbarea in padure este placuta.
35
I. Subiect al propozitiei:
it is worth
2. Cu urmatoarele expresii:
it is no use
It is no use talking to him.
The book is worth reading.
2. Dupa prepozitii:
Walking in the woods is nice.
They talked about going toBucharest.
In that accident they lost their lives.
We waited for one and a half hours.
They have lived here for three years.
He is ten years old.
22.2.2. Forma de gerunziu 0 folosim:
I. Dupa anumite verbe:
They stopped working after afew hours.
furniture
business
22.3. Daca substantivul este precedat de un numeral "mai mare decat unu", atunci substantivulapare la plural:
22.1. in limba engleza exista mai multe substantive care nu au forma de plural ~i alaturi de careverbul se folose~te la persoana a Ill-a singular. in limba romana unele sunt traduse prin formede singular, altele prin forme de plural:
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 22,
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 22
A. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:
I. My previous job was filling in forms.
2. It's no use withdrawing all that money.
3. When did you make your last withdrawal?
4. I think borrowing money is risky.
5. Are you sure there is enough revenue?
6. It is better to ask for information before depositing money.
B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:
I. Noi toti ne-am completat formularele.
2. Rata dobiinzii cre~te rapid.
3. E~ti gata sa-mi schimbi acest cec in bani?
4. In aceasta situatie poti sa dai bani cu imprumut.
5. Ei au retras multi bani din acest cont.
6. Imi place sa-mi verific des bilantul.
c. Corectati gre~elile din urmatoarele propozitii:
1. I want more informations.
2. Why have you lended them those books?
3. Is there many progress?
4. It is safer without to borrow.
5. Who withdrawed it?
36
Lista verbelor neregulate din lecpile 21 ~i 22
forma I forma a II-a forma a III-a
choose > [t~u:z] chose > [t~auz] chosen > [t~auzn]
hide > [hald] hid > [hid] hidden > [hidn]
learn > [Ia.ln] learnt > [la:fnt] learnt > [la:fnt]
lend > [lend] lent > [lent] lent > [lent]
strike > [stralk] struck > [strak] struck > [strak]
withdraw > [U1Dzdro:] withdrew > [UiDzdru'] withdrawn > [UiDzdro:n]
37
VOCABITLARUL LECTIILOR 21 SI 22, ,
to accelerate > [tu akselarelt] - a accelera
account > [akaunt] - cont
to alarm > [tu ala.'m] - a alarrna
as soon as > [Ez su:n Ez] - de indata ce
balance > [bElans] - balanta, bilant, echilibru, sold
battery > [bEtan] - baterie, acumulator
to borrow > [tu borau] - a imprumuta, a lua imprumut
brake > [brelk] - frana
to brake > [tu brelk] - a frana
breakdown van > [brelkdaun yEn] - ma~ina de depanare auto
broken > [braukn] - sfiiramat, spart, stricat
business > [biznis] - afacere, treaba
to call (to) > [tuko:l] - a chema, a striga, a denumi,a boteza
to cash > [tu kE~] - a incasa, a schimba un cec in bani,a plati in numerar
catching > [kEt~lll(g)] - molipsitor, contagios
to check > [tu t~ek] - a controla, a verifica
cheque > [t~ek] - cec (bancar)
to choose > [tu t~u:z] - a alege, a selecta
coin > [korn] - moneda, bani
deposit > [dlpozit] - depozit, depunere, bani pu~i
la banca
to deposit > [tu dlpOZlt] - a depune, a depozita
difference > [difrans] - diferenta, deosebire
to disappoint > [tu dlsapornt] - a dezamagi, a deceptiona
disease > [dlzi:z] - boala, maladie
economical > [J:kanomikal] - econom, economicos
engine > [endJln] - motor
to excite > [tu Iksalt] - a provoca, a emotiona
exciting > [lksaltll1(g)] - interesant, captivant
to exhaust > [tu Igzo st] - a epuiza, a istovi
exhausting > rIgzo.stm(g)] - epuizant, istovitor
to fill in > [tu fil m] - a completa (un formular,chestionar etc.)
to fill up > [tu fil ap] - a umple, a ocupa (un post liber),a pune (benzina in rezervor)
film > [film] - film
38
foreign > [forin] - strain, din alta tara
form > [fo:fm] - formular
front > [ frant] - partea din fata, front, fata
furniture > [ fii:fnit~af] - mobilier, mobila
gerund > [djerand] - gerunziu (substantiv formatdin verb)
gesture > [dJest~afJ - gest
to hide > [tu hald] - a ascunde, a acoperi
indicator > [indikeltaf] - indicator (de directie, etc), aparatde masura/control
information > [inIamei~n] - informatii
instalment > [ insto:lmant] - rata, plata in rate
invention > [inven~n] - inventie, descoperire
to invite > [tu invalt] - a invita
inviting > [ invaitin(g)] - imbietor, ispititor, ademenitor,tentant
it's no use > [its nau iu:z] - n-are rost
to learn > [tu la:fn] - a invata, a afla
left > [left] - stang, din stanga
to lend > [tu lend] - a imprumuta, a da cu imprumut
litre (USA liter) > [ li:tar ] - litru
loan > [ laun] -imprumut
lorry > [Ion] - camion
mechanic > [mikEnik] - mecanic
merchandise > [ma:ft~andaiz] - marIa
to move > [tu mu:v] - a se mi~ca, a se muta, a se deplasa,a emotiona
movmg > [mu:vin(g)] - emotionant
oil > [011] - ulei
to overtake > [tu ouvafteik] - a ajunge din urma, a depa~i
person > [pa:fsn] - individ, persoana
petrol > [petral] - benzina, carburant
play > [plei] - joc, piesa
prepared > [pripeafd] - pregatit, gata (de, sa)
present > [prezant] - prezent, actual
prevIous > [pri:vias] - anterior, prealabil, precedent
progress > [praugres] - progres, evolutie
property > [propafti] - proprietate, avere
rate of interest > [relt ov intnst] - rata dobanzii, dobanda
39
rear > [riar] - (in/din) spate, dos, urma
reliable > [nlaiabl] - demn de Incredere, sigur
remarkable > [nma:rkabl] - remarcabil, deosebit
to repair > [tu npear] - a repara, a Indrepta
revenue > [revaniu:] - venit (anual), ca~tig(uri), beneficii
risky > [riski] - riscant, primejdios, periculos
safe > [self] - sigur, lipsit de pericol, In siguranta
scene > [si:n] - scena, decor, peisaj
situation > [sitlUei~n] - situatie, stare
spare > [spear] - de rezerva, suplimentar, liber
spy > [sPai] - splOn
strength > [stren(g)TS] - putere, forta, tarie .. ~
to strike > [tu straik] - a lovi, a izbi, a frapa, a ~oca
striking > [stralkin(g)] - izbitor, frapant
struggle > [stragl] - lupta, ciocnire, Intrecere
sure > [~uar] - slgur
to surprise > [tu sapralz] - a surprinde, a uimi,a lua prin surprindere
surprising > [sapralzin(gl] - surprinzator, nea~teptat
task > [ta:sk] - sarcina, Indatorire
to tire > [tu taiar] - a obosi
tiring > [taiarm(gl] - obositor, plictisitor
trouble > [trabl] - necaz, suparare, griji
tyre > [tad] - pneu, anvelopa, cauciuc • .....useless > [1U:slis] - inutil, nefolositor, zadamic
to withdraw > [tu uiDzdro:] - a retrage, a lua Inapoi, a scoate,a ridica bani
withdrawal > [U1Dzdro:al] - retragere, ridicare de bani
worth > [Ua:TT'] - care merita
40
