4. Pronumele relativ "that" se poate omite in urmatoarele situatii:

1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul I se refera la viitor ~i indeplinirea conditiei este posibila:

RECAPITULARE

nothingsomething

much

- In locul tau nu l-a~ cumpara.

- Poti sa-mi dai vreoinformatie?

- Daca voi avea bani, voi cumpara"o cama~a noua.

- Ea trebuie sa scrie scrisoarea.

- Este eel mai bun film pe care I-am vazut.

little

anything

Is there any information (that)you can give me?

few

everything

It is the best film (that) I have seen.

b) Dupa urmatoarele cuvinte:

If I have money I will buya new shirt.

If I were you I would not buy it.

Verbul auxiliar modal "modal" are doar 0 forma de prezent. La trecut ~i viitor se folose~te inlocullui verbul "to have to".

c) Dupa adjectivele "any" ~i "only":

She has to write the leter.

a) Dupa un superlativ:

2. Propozitia conditionala de tipul II se refera la prezent, iar indeplinirea conditiei este putinprobabila sau imposibila:

3. Verbul auxiliar modal "must" - exprima necesitatea, obligatia. Must poate fi inlocuit cu "tohave to" - care nu este un verb auxiliar modal.

Exersati cuvintele noi ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

Aceasta lectie este consacrata problemelor legislative. Cititi cu voce tare

subsantivele noi ~i retineti traducerea lor in limba romana:

,.. ,..PARTEA INTAILECTIA 27,

shoplifter > [~opliftafJ - hot de magazine

thief, thieves > [T'i:fI[Tsi:vzJ - hot, hoti~

law > [lo:J - lege

fine > [f~lin] - amenda, penalizare

pickpocket > [pikpokit] - hot de buzunare

robbery > [robari] - jaf, furt

prisoner > [prizanaf] - prizonier, detinut

police > [pali:s] - politie

crime > [kraim] - infractiune, crima

theft > [Tseft] -furt

burglary > [bit:fgJari] - spargere (furt)

criminal > [kriminl] - criminal

burglar > [bit:fglafJ - spargator

2

law > [10:] - lege

crime > [krahn] - infractiune, crima

criminal > [kriminl] - criminal

fine > [fain] - amenda, penalizare

pickpocket > [pikpokitJ - hot de buzunare

burglar > [bit: 'glafJ - spargator ..,burglary > [bit: fglariJ - spargere (furt)

thief, thieves > [Pi:fl [Pi:vzJ - hot, hoti

theft > [Tsei1J -furt

robbery > [robariJ - jaf, furt

shoplifter > [~oplift~lf] - hot de magazine

prisoner > [prizanafJ - prizonier, detinut

police > [pali:sJ - politie

- Hotii de buzunare vor sa-ti fureportmoneul.

- Criminalul face lucruri caresunt interzise.

- Sunt multe spargerizilnic.

- A omori' 0 persoana este 0 crima.

- Spargatorul intra i'n casa tasa fure lucruri.

- Trebuie sa pHite~ti amenda.

- Furtul inseamna sustragerealucrurilor altor persoane.

- Sunt din ce i'n cemai multe jafuri.

- Hotul fura.

> [a krimml daz T'm(glz rYEta." forbidn]

> [kiJ m(gl a pa:'sl1 IZ a kralln]

> [Ill. mast pel DZa fam

> [pik]1oklts "ont III stl:lin.' ]1a.'s]

> [a l'dstl'lz]

> [D'ea' a r melll bit:' glanze\'rI del]

> [T'eti IZ sti:lm(gJ aD'ij'pi plz T'm(glz]

> [IYea' a r mo.' EndInO ' robm IZ)

> l a ba" gla' cnta'z lOr haus

tll SIll T'l1l f ,dz]

Cuvantul police este un substantiv colectiv, precedat intotdeauna dearticolul hotarat the, iar verbul este la plural.

Pickpockets want to stealyour purse.

You must pay the fine.

A burglar enters your houseto steal things.

A thiefsteals.

A criminal does things thatare forbidden.

Killing a person is a crime.

lata cuvintele noi i'n propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i urmariti traducerea lor i'n limba romana:

3

The law forbids some things. > [DZa 10: forbidz sam T'm(glz] - Legea interzice unele lucruri.

"Shoplifters take things out of shops without paying for them."

There are more andmore robberies.

Theft is stealing otherpeople's things.

There are many burglariesevery day.

Probabil ati retinut deja cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

- Hotii de magazine scot(sustrag) lucruri din magazinerara sa plateasca pentru ele.

- Un prizonier a scapat.

- There was a > robbery nearthe post-office yesterday.

- When was that> burglary?

- The> burglar broke a leg in our house.

- We had to pay a >fine.

- The >shopllfterwas caughtwhen he was leaving the shop.

- > PIckpockets have to be very fast.

- Is this against the > law?

- >The polIce are looking for two people.

- Many> cnmmals are not in prison.

- > ThIeves can be dangerous.

- Is car >thefta serious >cnme?

- The >pnsoners spent a long time in prison.

> fine

> pnsoner

> shoplifter

> cnmmal

> burglary

> pollee

> robbery

> burglar

> law

> thIef

> pickpocket

>cnme

4

> l~oplIfta'z telk T'm(glzaut av sops UIDZaut pelln(glfa r D'em]

> [a prizana' hEz IskelpI]

Ati remarcat desigur prepozitia against, care inseamna "impotriva, (in)contra."

amenda, penalizare.prizonier, detinut

Aceasta este impotriva legii?

hot de magazine

criminal

spargere

spargator

lege

hot

hot de buzunare

infractiune, erima

politie

Politia cauta doi oameni.

Hotii de buzunare trebuie sa fie foarte rapizi.

Multi criminali nu sunt in inchisoare.

A prisoner has escaped.

Hotii pot fi periculo~i.

Furtul de ma~ini este 0 infractiune serioasa?

Cand a avut loc spargerea aceea?

Detinutii au stat mult timp in inchisoare.

Spargatorul ~i-a rupt piciorul in casa noastra.

Shoplifters take thingsout of shops without payingfor them.

leri a avut loc un jaf in apropiereaoficiului po~tal.

Completati unnatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

A trebuit sa platim 0 amenda.

Hotul de magazine a fost prinsin timp ce parasea magazinul.

jaf

Pe baza exemplelor de mai sus, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Verbele would ~i could sunt verbe modale. Structura propozitiei interogative in care apar ~i aceste

verbe este: could/would + subiect + verbul de conjugat, de exemplu:

Vii prezentiim acum cel de-al trei/ea tip de propozitie conditionalii. in acest tip de propozitie

condltia nu este realizabi/ii. Verbul din subordonata conditionalii este la timpul Past Perfect, iar in

propozitia principalii verbul este la conditionalul trecut, care are urmatoarea structura:would +have + forma a III-a a verbului de conjugat.

- Ifwe >had made hay earlier

we >would have sold it.

- A~ fi avut timp sa 0 citesc,

daca imi spuneai ieri.

- If he >hadn't stolen this book

then he >would not have gone to prison.

- Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,

pierdeam bani multi.

- I >would have gone to the cinema with you

yesterday if I >had had time.

- He >would have told me about it earlier

ifhe >had known

- Ai putut pleca ieri?

- What >would you have done if

they >had fired you then?

- Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.

- Mama mea nu ar nu ar cheltui atiit,

daca nu ar avea bani.

- Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?

5

My mother wouldn't spend this much

if she hadn't money.

Ce ai fi facut daca

te concediau atunci?

I would have had time to read it

if you had told me yesterday.

Daca noi coseam f'anul mai devreme,

I-am fi viindut.

lata diteva exemple:

What would you do if you were rich?

Mi-ar fi vorbit despre acellucru,

daca ar fi ~tiut mai devreme.

They couldn't see us there.

could not -forma prescurtatii couldn't [kudnt]

Could you leave yesterday?

El nu ar fi ajuns la inchisoare,

daca nu ar fi furat aceasta carte.

would not -forma prescurtatii wouldn't [Uudnt]

A~ fi mers cu tine ieri la cinematograf,

daca a~ fi avut timp.

If the burglar hadn't been caught, we would

have lost a lot of money.

Forma negativii a acestor verbe sunt:

Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi cu atentie dialogul:

- Is it possible that she is > guilt)?

- Have you ever heard of this> outrageous crime?

- They have> obVIOusly heard the news.

- Don't be so > brutll

- The man seemed to be > mnoccnt

6

Evident, ei au auzit ~tirile.

Nu fii atat de brutal!

Este posibil ca ea este vinovata?

lata cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea lor in limba romana:

Barbatul parea sa fie nevinovat.

Ai auzit vreodata despre aceasta

crima revoltatoare?

Do you think this man > [L1u /u: f'inlg1k LYis mEn - Crezi ca acest om

is guilty? lZ giltl] este vinovat?

He can't be innocent. > [hI. ka:nt bi: inasant] - Nu poate fi nevinovat.

He obviously stole the cash > [hI. ob\ las II stau! IYa kE~ - Evident, el a furat banii

from the bank. from D/a bEn(g)k] din banca.

Yes, that was outrageous. > [ICS DIEt "az autreidjas] - A fost intr-adevar, revoltator.

I heard that he had been > [ai ha:'d D7Et hi· hEd bl.n - Am auzit ca a fost ~

very brutal. veri bru:tl] foarte brutal.

I hope he will go to prison > [ai haup hI: lid gau tu prizn - Sper ca va ajunge la inchisoare

for a long time. fo:' a ]on(gl tann] pentru multa vreme.

innocent > [inasant] inocent, nevinovat

guilty > [giltl] vinovat

obviously > [obviaslI] (in mod) evident

outrageous > [autre/dps] imoral, revoltator

brutal > [bru:tl] brutal, crud

Traduceti propozitiile din text in limba romana:

A: Do you think this man is guilty?

B: He can't be innocent. He obviously stole the cash from the bank.

A: Yes, that was outrageous. I heard that he had been very brutal.

B: I hope he will go to prison for a long time.

Sa exersam inca 0 data cuvintele noi. Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

Acum, treceti propozitiile interogative de la vorbirea directa la vorbirea indirecta:

in exercitiul urmator, traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

> brutal

> Peter asked if the law forbade It.

> obvIOusly

> Mary asked where he \\ as g01I1g.

- Peter asked when I had been in England.

> .lane asked where we wanted to go.

> JOnocent

- John asked if I were at home.

> outrageous

> John clsked Ifhe liked musIc.

> Peter asked Ir they had met her.

> Mary asked when the police had caught

the thIef

> Jane asked who had taught her how to sWIm.

> John asked if pickpockets

were cnllllnals.

> Pete! asked hO\\ mallY btl!gIaries there

had been in thiS cIty

7

revoltator

Jane a intrebat unde vrem sa mergem.

Peter asked "Did they meet her?".

John a intrebat daca hotii de buzunaresunt infractori.

Mary a intrebat ciind I-a prins politia

pe hot.

Jane asked "Who has taught her how to swim?".

Peter a intrebat ciite spargeri au avut loc

in acest ora~.

Peter asked "When were you in England?".

Peter a intrebat daca legea interzice acellucru.

lata mai intiii, ciiteva exemple:

nevinovat

Mary asked "Where is he going?".

brutal

(in mod) evident

John asked "Does he like music?".

John asked "Are you at home?".

Sd urmiirim in contilluare cum se face trecerea din vorbirea directii in vorbire indirectii, in cazul

propozifiilor interogative.

Afi observat desigur, cd ordinea in propozifia indirectd interogatiVii este identicd cu cea din

propozifia ajirmativd. De fapt, este vorba despre 0 propozifie ajirmativd $i nu de una interogativii.

111 cazul intrebiirii decizionale (da/nu), propozifia secundarii care urmeazii dupii propozifiaprincipalii este introdusii prin prepozifia if. In cazul propozifiei interogative complementare

pronumele interogativ riimane neschimbat. Nu uitafi timpul verbelor se schimbii!

In aceasta Iectie nu ati invatat inca verbe noi. lata-Ie:

- Fere~te-te de omul acesta!

- Da.

- Po1itia I-a arestatdupa ce I-a cautat timp dedoua 1uni.

- EI a jefuit zece oameni bogati.

- I s-a intentat proces?

- Este un criminal.

- Ce infractiune a comis?

- Apoi a fost condarnnat1a zece ani.

-Da.

- E1 a recunoscut jafuri1e?

8

>[dld hI: kanfcstll [Ya robanz]

> [hi: rabd (en nt;; pi:pl]

> [D/a pali:s arcstld hI:ma:fta f ]ukin(g) fa:' hun

fo. l tu: man f'J

> [les hI: dId]

> [hI:Z a krimml]

> ["az hI: proSlklll:tId]

> [End [Yen hI: "az sen(anst(ll tcn la'z]

> ["ot kralln dId hi kamit]

> [les hI: Uaz]Yes, he was.

He robbed ten rich people.

What crime did he commit?

Beware of this man!

Did he confessto the robberies?

Yes, he did.

He's a criminal.

The police arrested himafter looking for himfor two months.

And then he was sentencedto ten years.

Cititi propozitile separat ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

Was he prosecuted?

Acum yom folosi verbele noi intr-un dialog. Cititi cu atentie:

A: Beware of this man! He's a criminal.

B: What crime did he commit?

A: He robbed ten rich people.

B: Was he prosecuted?

A: Yes, he was. The police arrested him after looking for him for two months.

B: Did he confess to the robberies?

A: Yes, he did. And then he was sentenced to ten years.

to commit > [tll kamit] - a comite

to arrest > [tll arest] - a aresta, a pune sub interdictie

to rob > [tll rob] - ajefui, a fura

to prosecute > [tll proslkru:t] - a institui/a intenta (un) proces

to confess > [tll kanfes] - a martllrisi, a recunoa~te

to sentence (to) > [tll sentans] - a condamna

to beware of > [tll blUea f av] - a se feri, a se pazi

lata ultimul exercitiu al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Completati urmatoarele propozitii cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

in urmatorul exercitiu, traduceti verbele noi in limba engleza:

- His neighbour >commited a theft.

- Who has been >arrested?

- Five men >robbed the grocer's yesterday.

- Why haven't they been >prosecuted?

- >Beware of dark streets!

> to prosecute

> to sentence

> to arrest

- He >confessed to all his crimes.

- Who has >sentenced them?

> to commit

> to beware of

> to confess

> to rob

> He asked me when they would sentence him.

> If l had known earlierI would not have returned home.

> He \\ as arrested because he commited a clime.

> Do you know our brother was prosecuted?

> There have been a lot of burglariesin OUI surroundings recently.

> Mary asked if this storywas outrageous.

> Do you know our law forbids theft?

> Beware of thIs brutal man!

> She confessed the cnme.

> They sentenced them to five years.

9

Vecinul lui a comis un furt.

Ieri cinci oameni I-au jefuit pe bacan.

El ~i-a recunoscut toate infractiunile.

Fere~te-te de strazile intunecoase!

Cine a fost arestat?

De ce nu li s-a intentat un proces?

a intenta (un) proces

a condamna

Cine i-a condamnat?

a aresta

a jefui

a se feri

a comite

a marturisi, a recunoa~te

~tii ca legea noastra interzice furtul?

Ea ~i-a recunoscut crima.

~tii ca fratelui nostru i s-a intentat un proces?

EI a fost arestat pentru ca a comis 0 infractiune.

El m-a intrebat cfmd il vor condamna.

Fere~te-te de acest om brutal!

Daca a~ fi ~tiut mai devreme,nu m-a~ fi intors acasa.

Mary a intrebat daca aceasta intiimplarea fost revoltatoare.

I-au condamnat la cinci ani.

Au avut loc recent multe spargeriin imprejurimile noastre.

LECTIA 27 - PARTEA A DOVA,

Sa continuam tot cu problemele legislative. Unneaza un grup de substantivenoi. Citili-le cu voce tare:

sentence > [scnt:.ms] - sentinta

remorse > [rimo:"s] - remu~care,cainta

police-station > [pali:s stci~n] - post de politie

ticket > [tiklltj - bilet, proces verbal(de contravenlie)

speeding > [spi:din(gl] - exces de viteza

murder > [ma:rdar] - crima, omucidere

murderer > [mll:'dararj - uciga~, asasin

evidence > [evidans] - dovada, marturie

behaviour > [bihcivd] - purtare, comportament

blackmail > [bIEkmeil] - ~antaj

capital > [kEpitl - pedeapsa capitala!punishment pani~mant] cu moartea

death sentence > [deT' scnlans] - condamnare la moarte

Exersati cuvintele noi, dar in alta ordine:

murderer > [ma:rdarar] - uciga~, asasin

speeding > [spi:din lgl] - exces de viteza

sentence > [sentans] - sentinta

capital > [kEpitl - pedeapsa capitaHi/punishment panismant] cu moartea

remorse > [rimo:rs] - remu~care, cainta

ticket > [tikat] - bilet, proces verbal(de contraventie)

blackmail > [blEkmeil] - ~antaj

murder > [ma:fda'] - crima, omucidere

evidence > [cvicbns] - dovada, marturie

death sentence > [dcT' scntans] - condamnare la moarte

police-station > [pali: s stei~ll] - post de politie

behaviour > [biheiviaf] - purtare, comportament

10

in urmatorul exerc1tiu completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Citili cu voce tare urmatoarele propozilii in limba engleza in care am introdus cuvinte1e noi ~i fili

atenli la traducerea lor in limba romana:

- There is a little >cvldencc.

- Saptamana trecuta am primit

una pentru exces de viteza.

- Ce parere ai despre

comportamentul el?

- Se ~tie cine a fost

uciga~ul?

- Prime~ti des procese verbale

de contraventie?

- Au fost du~i lapostul de polilie.

- Omuciderea este cea mai

serioasa infractiune?

- Condamnarea la moarte

nu I-a speriat.

- EI a primit 0 pedeapsa lunga.

- Sunt dovezi suficiente.

- Sunt vinovali de ~antaj.

- Vor primi pedeapsa

capitala?

- EI are vreo remu~care?

- The >police-statj'll1 is next to the hotel.

- Their >beha\ lOur is very strange.

- The >munlcll'rs have been arrested.

- >Blackmcul is often profitable.

- There have been three >murders this week.

- The policeman gave him a >tieket.

- What >sentence did they get?

- Some people think >capital punishment

is useless.

11

>[lYeiua.l tClkntll IYa pali:s stcisn]

> [IZ ma"da' fYa mallst

si'! las krcl/ITI]

> [D/a deT' sentans

did nol skea' him]

> [[Yea' IZ lIlafc\'ldansj

> [hI' got a lan(g' sentans]

>1 daz hi: ft:l enlllmo:'sj

> [Ia~t "L k <11 got "anfa, spi dmlg1j

> ["a t dll ill, T'lI1lglk

a\ hal blhe/\ la']

> L-Ill [Yel get kEpit!

panlSl1lant]

> [IYel 3:' giltl a\' blEkmell]

> [ iz It 11cllln hu'D/,lllla,'dara'"az j

> [till Ill, ofi! get a tibt]

UCtga::;11 au tost arestali.

Dovezlle sunt putine.

Pollllstul i-a intocmit un proces verbal.

I)nll oalOeni ered ca pedeapsa capitala

este t':lra rost.

There is enough evidence.

Is murder the most

serious crime?

Do they get capital

punishment?

Last week I got one

for speeding.

Postul de polItIC este langa hotel.

Is it known who

the murderer was?

Do you often get a ticket?

Santalul t'~te adesea profitabil.

Ce pedt"apsa au primit?

Comportamenrullor este foarte ciudat.

He got a long sentence.

Does he feel any remorse?

What do you think

of her behaviour?

They are guilty of blackmail.

Siiptamiina aceasta au avut loc trei crime.

The death sentence

did not scare him.

They were takento the police-station.

Desigur, pute~i deja sa tladuce~i cuvintele noi in limba engleza:

Pe baza exemplelor, traduceti propozitiile care urmeaza in limba engleza:

> We aren't going to arrest this man.

> Are the police going to take themto the police-station?

> blackmaIl

> My father is going to sell our old car.

> eVIdence

> capital punishment

> death sentence

> ticket

> sentence

> behaviour

> murderer

> Where are you going to take your children?

> I'm not going to tell you this story.

- Deseara rna uit la un film.

> remorse

> murder

> speedmg

- Is there a >death sentence for theft?

> polIce-statIOn

- >Speeding is dangerous.

12

Unde iti vei duce copiii?

Politia ii va duce la postul de politie?

Tata! meu va vinde ma~ina noastra veche.

~antaj

Nu avem de gand sa-l arestam pe acest om.

remu~care

I am going to watch a film tonight.

Nu-ti voi povesti aceasta intimplare.

comportament

proces verbal de contraventie

latti 0 modalitate de exprzmare a viitorului. cu ajutorul constructiei to be going to - a avea de gandsa. in aceastti constructie se conjugti doar verbul to be infunctie de persoanti ~i timp (I am going to,she is going to, they are going to, etc.). De exemplu:

post de politie

sentinta

exces de viteza

pedeapsa capitalalcu moartea

crima, omucidere

Excesul de viteza este penculos.

criminal, uciga~

Se condamna la moarte pentru furt?

They were going to fly to England. - Ei au avut de gand sa zboare in Anglia.

• ::::-1lnterogativul se formeazti prin inversiunea ordinii subiectului cu forma corespunztitoare a verbului - t~~;~;::::..to be. Nega!ia se formeazti prin adtiugarea la forma corespunztitoare a verbului to be a adverbului 1:::::::::1\·:::-.

de nega!ie not. De exemplu: i:" .:'

Where are you going to spend your holiday? - Unde iti vei petrece concediul? it;::!::' ::I" .

She was not going to visit us yesterday. - Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne viziteze ieri. ! .

condamnare la moarte

dovada

lata aIte cateva cuvinte noi. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i retineti sensullor:

Completati urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

relieved >lnli.vd] - u~urat

sufficient > [safi~ant) - suficient

violent >l valalant] - violent

decent >l di:sant) - decent, cumsecade

envious (ot) >l en\'las) - invidios (pe)

gentle >[ dJentl] - bland, ginga~, amabil

- Majoritatea oamenilorsunt curnsecade.

- Hotul a spus ca era invidiospe oamenii bogati.

- Ce persoana amabila este ea!

- El a fost u~urat candnu i s-a intentat proces.

- Este suficient pentru azi?

- El a fost intotdeauna

un om violent.

> decent

> gentle

> suffiCIent

> leheved

> envious (of)

> \ !Olent

- These are >decent people.

- Is there >sufficient oil?

- Be >gentle to them!

- Were you >reheved, too?

- Are they always so >vlolent?

- It's no use being >envious.

13

>[DZa TSJ:fsed hi: Uoz envias

3\ nt~ pi:pl]

>[hl: "oz nli:vd lienhi: "az not proslkiu.tid)

>llz D7 1s safi~ant fo:' tadci]

>[ Uot a dJcntl pa:'sn ~i: IZ]

>[hi: hEz o:]Ue/z bi:n

a va/alant mEn]

>[maust pi.pl a:' di:sant)

violent

amabil

suficient

invidios (pe)

u~urat

decent

Most people are decent.

What a gentle person she is!

Este suficient ulei?

He was relieved whenhe was not prosecuted.

Traduceti urmatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

Fii amabil cu ei!

The thief said he was enviousof rich people.

Sunt intotdeauna atat de violenti?

Nu are rost sa fi invidios.

Is this sufficient for today?

He has always been

a violent man.

lata cuvintele noi in propozitii:

Ace~tia sunt oameni decenti.

Te-ai simtit u~urat ~i tu?

lata acum cateva verbe noi. Citili-le cu atenlie ~i invatati semnificatia lor:

- Oricine vede holul,

trebuie sa anunle polilia.

- Orice ma~ina

ai alege, te va costa

mult.

- Orice s-ar intimpla,

te voi ajuta.

- oricare, orice

- oricine, oricare

- mice

> Whichever house you buy It wJll be too small

for your fatTIlly.

> Whatever you WrIte it will be all right.

> Whoever asks me for money, 1will refuse him.

> l hu eva']

> [tlJt~c\a']

> [hu."va' SI:Z DZa Pl.f

mast tel Dca pzlli:s]

> [tlnteva' hEpnz

al "ll help IU:]

> [lJoteva']

> l Ult~C\ a' av IYJ:z ka:'z

Ill. t~u Z It "il kost Ill:

a lot]

Dupa pronumele relative compuse, pentru exprimarea viitorului se

folose~te timpul Simple Present.

Whoever sees the thiefmust tell the police.

to accuse (of) > l tu aklU:z] - a acuza, a invinui (de)

to release > [tllJllis] - a elibera, a pune in libertate

to murder > (tu ma:'da'j - a ucide, a omori

to report > [tu JIjlO:'\] - a raporta, a anunla

to convict (of) > [\ll kanvikt] - a condamna, a declara vinovat

(pe cineva)

to punish > l tu pal1J~ ] - a pedepsi

to find out > [tu f~\lnd aut] - a constata, a descoperi

14

whoever

whichever

whatever

Orice scrii va fi bine.

Jar acum vom invata un alt tip de pronume - pronumele relativ compus. lata trei dintre acestea:

Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Whichever of these cars

you choose, it will cost you

a lot.

Orice casa cumperi, va fi prea mica

pentru familia tao

Sa Ie folosim in propozilii:

Oricine imi cere bani, il voi refuza.

Whatever happens

I will help you.

Cititi eLI atentie urmatorul dialog In care apar ~i cuvintele noi:

Did they catch the murderer? > [did IYL'l kel~ D a mil:' dara'] - L-au prins pe criminal?

- Ce pedeapsa a primit?

- Da.

- Dar dupa doua saptamani,el a fost pus In libertate.

- Cu ~ase luni In urma,cineva a anuntat 0 crimala politie.

- Politia a constatatca altcineva a comis crima.

- Nu.

- Nu a fost vinovat?

- Dece?

- EI a fost acuzat ~i

condamnat.

- EI a primit pedeapsa

cu moartea.

- He >accused me of stealing his boots.

- We >reported the theft at the police-station.

- Why have they >reh:a.,,~d him?

15

> lhat ana' Iu "I:ks

hi: "oz nli sl]

> [hal: uoz hI: pamst]

> [hI: "oz scnl,lllS; III

kEplt1 pal11~1l1al1t]

> ll'o,rnt hI' ~iltlJ

> ["al]

> [hi "oz aklU:zd Fnd

kanviktJd]

> l "lks man Ps ag;iu samhodi

lIpo:'(Jd a ma:'da'tll fYa pali:s]

> l D/a pali.s falJlld aul DiEt

sambodJ els bEd kamilld

D/a ham!]

El m-a acuzat ca i-am furat cizmele.

De ce I-au eliberat?

Noi am anuntat furtulla postul de politie.

The police found out thatsomebody else had committedthe crime.

But after two weekshe was released.

Wasn't he guilty?

Why?

How was he punished?

He was accused andconvicted.

No, he wasn't.

He was sentenced tocapital punishment.

Yes, they did.

Sa exersam folosirea verbelor noi. Completati propozitiile In limba engleza cu forma verbalacorespunzatoare:

Six months ago somebodyreported a murderto the police.

Traduceti In limba romana propozitiile din text:

A: Six months ago somebody reported a murder to the police.

B: Did they catch the murderer?

A: Yes, they did. He was accused and convicted.

B: How was he punished?

A: He was sentenced to capital punishment. But after two weeks he was released.

B: Why? Wasn't he guilty?

A: No, he wasn't. The police found out that somebody else had committed the crime.

"I have already found out who ate my dinner."

> to report

> to convict

> to pUnish

> to find out

> to release

> The burglar would have been caught earherIf we had had a telephone then.

> The polIce don't know where thIs criminal is.

> Two pIckpockets have been arrested today.

> to accuse (of)

- He >has murdered his secretary.

- I have already >found out who ate my dinner.

- What did they >convlct him of?

> They ob\ lOusly cOlTI1mtted thIs cnme.

> to murder

- Why haven't they >punlshed them?

16

In final, sa verificam in ce masura ati reu~it sa retineti materialul acestei lectii:

a constata, a descoperi

Doi hoti de buzunare au fost arestati azi.

a elibera, a pune in libertate

Politia nu ~tie unde se afla acest criminal.

Evident, ei au comis aceasta infractiune.

De ce nu i-au pedepsit?

EI ~i-a omorat secretera.

Am descoperit deja cine mi-a mancat cina.

a condamna, a declara vinovat

a raporta, a anunta

a omori, a ucide

Spargatorul ar fi fost prins mai devreme,daca am fi avut telefon atunci.

a acuza, a invinui (de)

Pentru ce I-au condamnat?

a pedepsi

Traduceti in limba engleza verbele:

17

Acum urmeaza obi~nuitul exerciliu de pronuntie. Literele din aceea~i coloana, scrise accentuat,desemneaza un sunet identic:

[e] [I: ] ['II] [i]

theft relieved fine convict

death decent crime criminal

envious thief time fish

gentle release rise thick

> Peter asked if his fnendhad been sentenced.

> His behavIour is outrageous.

> We don't have enough evidence to accusethem of thiS robbery.

> Does thiS thief have any remorse'?

> They asked when we would prosecute her.

> How are you going to punish him?

> If you had dnven slowlier you wouldn'thave got a ticket.

> Beware of bad people!

> He got a death sentence.

> The pollce are going to take the murdererto the pol ice-statlOll,

> Whoe\er comes hetc I wdl throw him out.

Purtarea lui este revolUitoare.

Feriti-va de oamenii rai!

EI a primit pedeapsa eu moartea.

Peter a i'ntrebat daca prietenulluia fost condamnat.

Ei au intrehat cand yom intenta procesimpotriva ei.

Daea ai fi condus mai incet, nu ti s-ar fi intocmitun proces verbal de contravenlie.

Acest hot are vreo remu~care?

Polilia are de gand sa-l duca pe uciga~

la postul de politie.

Cum ai de gand sa-l pedepse~ti?

Oricine va veni aici, 11 voi da afara.

Nu avem suficiente dovezi sa-i acuzamde acest jaf.

Timpul verbului se schimba conform regulii concordantei timpurilor.

Mary asked "Where is he going?". - Mary asked where he was going.

- A~ fi avut timp sa fac astadaca imi spuneai ieri.

- Daca spargatorul nu ar fi fost prins,noi am fi pierdut 0 multime de bani.

- Ii voi vizita azi.

- Ea nu a avut de gand sa ne vizitezeieri.

- Unde ai de gand sa-ti petreciconcediul?

18

She was not going to visit usyesterday.

I am going to visit them today.

De exemplu:

If the burglar hadn't been caughtwe would have lost a lot of money.

Where are you going to spendyour holiday?

I would have had time to do itif you had told me yesterday.

in propozitia interogativa complementara, pronumele interogativ ramane neschimbat.De exemplu:

27.2.1. Ordinea in propozitia indirecta interogativa este identica cu aceea dintr-o propozitieafirmativa.

27.3.1. in aceasta constructie, se schimba doar forma verbului "to be" in functie de persoana~i timp (I am going to, she is going to, they are going to etc.). De exemplu:

27.3.2. Interogativul se formeaza prin inversiunea subiectului cu forma corespunzatoare averbului to be, iar negatia prin adaugarea adverbului de negatie "not" la formacorespunzatoare a verbului "to be".

Peter asked "Did they meet her?" - Peter asked if they had met her.

27.1.1. in propozitia conditionala de tipul III conditia este ireala, nu este realizabila.

27.1.2. in propozitia conditionala introdusa de prepozitia "if" verbul este la timpul PastPerfect, iar in propozitia subordonata apare constructia: "would +have + forma a III-aa verbului de conjugat".

27.2.2. in cazul intrebarii decizionale (da/nu) propozitia secundara care urmeaza dupapropozitia principala este introdusa prin prepozitia if. De exemplu:

27.1. Propozitia conditionala de tipul III (III Conditional)

RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 27,

27.2. Vorbirea indirecta, propozitia indirecta interogativa

27.3. Constructia "to be going to" - "a avea de gand sa":

"would not" - forma prescurtata "wouldn't"

"could not" - forma prescurtata "couldn't"

27.5. "Would, could"

- once

- Grice ma~ina alegi,te va costa mult.

- oricare, orice

- Mama mea nu ar plati pentru astadaca nu ar avea bani.

- Nu puteau sa ne vada acolo.

- Ce ai face daca ai fi bogat?

- Ai putut pleca ieri?

- Grice s-ar intampla te voi ajuta.

- oricine, oricare

19

My mother wouldn't pay for thisif she hadn't money.

What would you do if youwere rich?

Could you leave yesterday?

They couldn't see us there.

Whichever of these cars you choose,it will cost you a lot.

Whoever sees the thief must tell the police. - Gricine vede hotul, trebuie sa anunte politia.

Whatever happens I will help you.

whoever

27.5.1. Verbele "would" ~i "could" sunt verbe auxiliare modale, de aceea propozitiileinterogative formate cu ajutorullor, implica inversiunea, de exemplu:

whichever

whatever

27.5.2. Formele lor negative sunt:

De~i dupa pronumele relative compuse se folose~te timpul Simple Present, de obicei, ele serefera la viitor.

27.4. Pronumele relative compuse:

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 27

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

I. John isn't going to invite her to his house.

2. Whoever comes tell him I am not at home.

3. Peter asked who had caught the pickpocket.

4. If the police had had this information earlier, they would have found the criminal easily.

5. The prisoner asked if he had to pay a fine.

6. This outrageous brutal crime was committed by a very young man.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Spargatorul a fost arestat dupa ce a jefuit doua case.

2. De ce ai de gand sa-I declari vinovat de acest omor?

3. Daca locatarii ar fi anuntat mai devreme spargerea, ei nu ar fi pierdut totul.

4. Grice vrei sa faci, ar fi mai bine daca ai renunta.

5. Maria a intrebat cand ii vor elibera sotul.

6. Peter a intrebat daca hotului de buzunare i s-a intentat proces.

C. Alegeti cuvantul care se potrive~te in propozitie:

I. John asked who arrested.

a. is

b. was

2. The children going to play in the garden.

a. were

b. wasn't

3. . tells you this, don't think it's true.

a. whatever

b. whoever

4. If they him to capital punishment it would have been horrible.

a. had sentenced

b. sentence

20

lata noile cuvinte intr-o alta ordine. Fiti atenti la pronuntie ~i retineticorespondentul lor in limba romana:

Sa revenim la problemele legislative, dar yom studia alte teme. Daca panaacum ne-am ocupat de expresiile legislatiei penale, in continuare yomface cuno~tinta cu expresii ale legislatiei civile:.

wedding > [\ledin();)] nunta

wedding-day > [\ledin();) dei] ziua nuntii

wedding-ring > ["edin();) rin(g)] verigheta

God, god > [god] Dumnezeu, divinitate

bride > [braid] mireasa

guest > [gest] musafir, invitat

bachelor > [bEt~ala'] celibatar

bridegroom > [braidgru:m] mire

mamage > [mEridj] casatorie

divorce > [divo:'s] divort

relatives > [relati:vz] rude

service > [sa:'vis] serviciu, ceremonie

" "PARTEA INTAILECTIA 28,

bachelor > [bEt~alar] celibatar

bride > [braid] mireasa

God, god > [god] Dumnezeu, divinitate

guest > [gest] musafir, invitat

servIce > [sa:rvis] serviciu, ceremonie

wedding-ring > ["edin(g) rin(gl] verigheta

divorce > [divo:rs] divort

wedding > ["edin(gl] nunta

mamage > [mEridj] casatorie

wedding-day > [cledin();) dei] ziua nuntii

relatives > [relati:vz] rude

bridegroom > [braidgru:m] mIre

21

lata cuvintele noi in propozitii. Cititi-le cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la pronuntie:

- Ceremonia a fost impresionanta.

- Au fost acolo toate rudele tale?

- Mireasa a intfirziat.

- Cand va avea loc nunta lor?

- El a cumparat verighetescumpe.

- Doamne, ajuta-ma!

- Ei spun ca mariajul va durao ve~nicie.

- Mirele este foarte inalt.

- Cfiti invitati au fost acolo?

- Sunt multe divorturiin fiecare an.

- Ce nunta minunataa fost!

- Acest barbat este celibatar.

"The bridegroom is very tall."

22

>["a .' 0.1 io:' rclati.vz IYea']

>[hau meni gests "a.' D/ea']

>[DZIS mEn iz a bEt::;ala']

>[god help mi:]

>[D1a braidgru:m lZ ven to:l]

>["ot a hlU:td1tl"edin(g)

DIEt "oz]

>[hl: bo:t lkspensiv"edin(g) rin(glz]

> ["en iz Dlel' UeulIllgl dei]

>[ D/ci sci mEnu] iz(orcva']

>[D/3 sa:'vis "oz lmpreslv]

> [DZa braid U oz leit]

>[ Olea' a I mcni divo:'SIZ

evn la']

Were all your relatives there?

He bought expensivewedding-rings.

When is their wedding-day?

How many guests were there?

God, help me!

The service was impressive.

What a beautiful weddingthat was!

There are many divorcesevery year.

The bride was late.

The bridegroom is very tall.

They say marriageis forever.

This man is a bachelor.

23

Sa revenim la pronumele relative.

Traduceti cuvintele in limba engleza, pentru a Ie retine cat mai bine:

> bndegroom

> di\ orce

> guest

> weddl11g-ring

> bnde

> sen Ice

> God

> relatIves

> wedding-day

> wedding

> bachelor

> marnage

- I'm glad I'm a> bachelor

- He said he would never forget his>wedding-day.

- They were late for the> service.

- Were you one of the > guest~'?

- How long has the> bndeknown him?

- The> bndegroomis my brother.

- Everybody talked about their >divorce.

- I know there is > God

- > Marriage is not for me.

- I will not be at their >wedding.

- Have you bought the> wedding-rings yet?

- The> bride and the> bndegroom havefew>relatives.

mireasa

divort

musafrr

verigheta

serviciu, ceremonie

ruda, rude

celibatar

mire

Pronumele relative aflate la inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive, pot fi omise in anumitecazuri.

ziua nuntii

casatorie

Dumnezeu

nunta

Au intarziat la ceremonie.

El a spus ca nu va uita niciodataziua nuntii sale.

De cat timp 11 cuno$tea mireasa?

Ai cumparat deja verighetele?

Mirele este fratele meu.

lata un alt exercitiu: completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Casatoria nu este pentru mine.

Nu voi fi acolo la nunta lor.

~tiu ca exista Dumnezeu.

Mireasa $i mirele au putine rude.

Ma bucur ca sunt celibatar.

Toata lumea a vorbit despre divortullor.

Ai fost unul dintre musafiri?

Is the car (which) you drove yesterday expensive? - Este scumpa ma~ina pe care ai condus-o ieri?

Traduceti in limba engleza frazele care contm propozitii secundare relative. Daca este cazul, omiteti

pronumele relative, conform regulii anterioare:

- religios

- fericit

>The car J bought last week

IS \ ery fast.

- incredibil

- necasatorit, celibatar

- enorm, una~

>These people. whom I have known for a long

time, were fired yesterday.

> The woman who IS walkmg there is

my father's sIster

-Iogodit

> The potatoes we have dug are small.

> The house wc have built is not very high.

> This chair, which IS VClY old,

IS not for sale.

> The policeman that arrested the criminal

said that It hadn't been easy.

> Where have you bought the suit

you are weanng')

- Nu pierde biletul pe care ti I-a dat.

- ~tirea pe care a auzit-o, a fost foarte proasta.

- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat, au fost

foarte draguti cu mine.

- Iti place cartea pe care ai citit-o?

24

> [singl]

> [mkrBdlbal]

> [nlidJas]

>[mo:1mas]

>[hEpI]

>[mgeldjd]

Don't lose the ticket (which) he has given to you.

lata acum cateva cuvinte noi:

religious

single

incredible

De exemplu:

Unde ai cumparat costumul

pe care tocmai il porti?

Ma~ina pe care am cumparat-o saptamana trecuta,

este foarte rapida.

Cartofii pe care i-am scos, sunt mici.

Ace~ti oameni pe care ii cunosc demult,

au fost concediati ieri.

Casa pe care am construit-o nu este foarte inalta.

happy

enormous

Do you like the book (that) you have read?

Acest scaun, care este foarte vechi,

nu este de vanzare.

The people (whom) I visited were

very nice to me.

engaged

The news (which) we heard was very bad.

Femei~ care se plimba acolo,

este sora tatalui meu.

Politistul care I-a arestat pe infractor,

a spus ca nu a fost u~or.

25

Cititi unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza in care am folosit cuvintele noi:

Ati reu~it desigur, sa retineti cuvintele noi. Traduceti in limba engleza:

- Ace~ti oameni suntfoarte religio~i.

- E~ti inca necasatorit?

- Ei vor locui intr-ocasa enonna.

- Divortul lor este incredibil.

- De cfmd sunt logoditi?

- A fost cea mai fericita zidin viata lor.

> religious

> single

> mcredible

> happy

> engaged

> enormous

- They have been >engaged for onlya short time.

- Were you >happy?

- This is an >enormous garden.

- It is >incredible that he is already here.

- She said that she wanted to stay >single

- Are these people >rehgious?

>[sms lien hEy DZei

bi:n mgeldjd]

> [D'ei a:' gaum(g) tu Iiv

in an ino"mas haus]

> [It "oz DZa hEpiast del

a\' D/ei' lalvz]

>[a:' Ill: stll singl]

> [D/t:z pi:pl a:'\en rilidjas]

>[D'd divo:'s iz inkredlbal]

Sa revenim la vorbirea indirecta:

1. Propozi{ii condi!ionale

fericit

religios

enonn, uria~

necasatorit, celibatar

incredibil

logodit

Ea a spus ca vrea sa ramana necasatorita.

Aceasta este 0 gradina imensa.

Este incredibil ca el este deja aici.

Smce when have theybeen engaged?

Ai fost fericit?

Are you still single?

Ei au fost logoditi doar pentruscurt timp.

in cazul vorbirii indirecte In propozi!ia condi!ionald de tipull, timpul verbului se schimbiiconform regulii de concordan{ii a timpurilor (timpul prezent se schimba In timp trecut):

Sunt religio~i ace~ti oameni?

Their divorce is incredible.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele noi:

These people arevery religious.

They are going to livein an enonnous house.

It was the happiest dayof their lives.

Pe baza regulilor enuntate anterior, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Mama mea a spus ca daca ar vrea sa mearga acolo, - My mother Said that if she wanted to go theres-ar duce. she would go

sworn >[s"o:'n]

- a se casatori (cu), a se insura

forma a III-a

- a fi prezent, a frecventa

- a crede

- ajura

- a divorta

- Peter said he wished he had a house.

- Peter said that if he had time he wouldgo to the cinema.

- Mary said it was time she went home.

- John said that if he were me he would notdo it.

- it was time

- I wished

- Peter said that If he had enough moneyhe \\ould lend me some.

- John said that If he had marned Marythen he \\ollid have been happy.

- Mary told me that It W<lS time I len hIm.

- Joan said she Wished she were richer.

- Mary said that if she had had the moneyearlier she would have paid for the car.

26

>[tu bIli.v]

> [tu mEriJ

forma a II-a

>[tLl divo:'s]

swore> fSuO"]

> l tu atcnd]

> [tu sUea']

it is time

I wish

Peter said "If I have time I willgo to the cinema".

Mary said "If I had had the money earlierI would have paid for the car."

Mary said "It's time I went home."

Peter said "I wish I had a house."

John said "If I were you I would notdo it."

swear> [SUe,I']

Verbul "to swear" este neregulat. Formele sale sunt:

2. Expresii dupd care Propozifia secundard trece la timpul Simple Past. in urmdtoarele expresiise schimbd timpul verbului:

in cazul propozifiilor condifionale de tipulII ~i III, timpul verbului rdmiine neschimbat, deexemplu:

to swear

to believe

Timpul verbului din propozifiile secundare care urmeazddupd aceste expresii, nu se schimbd.latd doud exemple:

John a spus ca daca s-ar fi insurat cu Mary,atunci ar fi fost fericit.

to marry

formal

Peter a spus ca daca ar avea bani destui,m-ar imprumuta ~i pe mine.

Joan a spus ca ar vrea sa fie mai bogata.

Mary mi-a spus ca este timpul sa il parasesc.

Sa invatam inca eateva verbe:

to attend

to divorce

Pentru a retine verbele noi, traduceti in limba engleza:

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza eu forma verbala corespunzatoare:

Cititi eu atentie dialogul urmator in care apar ~i verbele noi:

- Jur ca este adevarat.

- Dar s-a easatorit eu el acumun an.

- ~tii ca Joandivorteaza de sotul ei?

- ~tiu. Am participatla nunta.

- Oh, nul Nu pot sa cred!

- E~ti sigur?

- Aceasta veste este groaznica.

- Am crezut ca erau

fericiti impreuna.

> 10 many

> to dlvorce

> to believe

> to attend

> to swear

- How many people> attended the wedding?

- They have always> believed in God.

- Whom have you> marned?

- Can you> swear that it is true?

- They have been > divorced for many years.

27

> [du ill: nOll O'Et djoun1Z giiuinlgl tu divo:' sha:' halbimd]

> [ill TSo:t D/ei Ua:'

hEp! tageDZa']

> [al nou al iitendldIYa uedm,g )]

> [D'lS nru:z IZ 0.f1]

> [ou nOll ai ka:nt hili:v it]

> [a' Ill: )ua']

> [bat Zil. mErid hima iia' agou]

> [ai SUear lts trll:]

a fi prezent/de fata la, a participa la

aJura

a divorta

a crede

a se casatori, a se insura sau a se marita

Cu cine te-ai casatorit?

Ei au erezut intotdeauna in Dumnezeu.

Au divortat cu multi ani in urma.

Poti sa juri ca este adevarat?

Ciiti oameni au fost prezenti la nunta?

I thought they werehappy together.

I swear it's true.

Are you sure?

Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

I know. I attendedthe wedding.

This news is awful.

But she married hima year ago!

Do you know that Joanis going to divorceher husband?

Oh, no! I can't believe it!

A: Do you know that Joan is going to divorce her husband?

B: Oh, no! I can't believe it! Are you sure?

A: I swear it's true.

B: But she married him a year ago!

A: I know. I attended the wedding.

B: This news is awful. I thought they were happy together.

28

> The man they have arrestedhas not confessed yet.

- Ai putea deschide geamul?

- (E~ti atat de amabil) Poli sa-mi dai pUlin ceai?

> The bachelor she talked aboutwas one of my relatIves.

> Would you buy me the tickets?

> Would you clean your room?

> Could you look at my letter?

> The weddIng-day was Incredibly hot.

> They would have convicted the pnsonerIf there had been more eVidence.

> Could you forget these words?

> Would you lend me your books?

E~ti atat de amabil sa-mi cumperi biletele?

lata ciiteva exemple:

Would you give me some tea?

E~ti atat de amabil sa-mi imprumuli carlile tale?

"The wedding-day was incredibly hot."

Ai putea sa te uili la scrisoarea mea?

In exerciliul urmator, vom recapitula materia acestei leclii. Daca nu intampinali dificultali, inseamnaca puteli trece la partea a doua a lecliei 28. Traduceli in limba engleza:

Ai putea sa uili aceste cuvinte?

In ziua nunlii a fost incredibil de cald.

Traduceli propoziliile urmatoare in limba engleza folosind aceste doua verbe auxiliare:

Vrei sa faci curat in camera?

L-ar fi condarnnat pe prizonier,daca ar fi fost mai multe dovezi.

Could you open the window?

Celibatarul despre care a vorbit ea,a fost una dintre rudele mele.

Omul care a fost arestat,nu a marturisit inca.

lata doua cazuri in care se utilizeaza verbele auxihare could ~i would.

29

In incheiere, urmeaza obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie. Cititi cu atentie urmatoarele cuvinte:

[E] [e] [0:] [ei]

happy wedding divorce engaged

marriage guest com outrageous

bachelor relatives enormous rate

man men dawn late

hat when sworn gave

> There have been many services this week.

> I am not going to marry him.

> The bridegroom has known the bride

for a very long tunc.

> Why has he sworn to stay smgle?

> The wedding-rings we were shown

were outrageously expensive.

> She is not the happy woman

she was on her wedding-day.

> She is the most beautiful brideI have ever seen.

> The books which are on the table are yours.

EI de ce a jurat sa ramana celibatar?

Au fost multe ceremonii saptamana aceasta.

Nu rna voi marita cu eL

Car\ile care se afla pe masa sunt ale tale.

Ea este cea mai frumoasa mireasape care am vazut-o vreodata.

Ea nu este acea femeie fericita

din ziua nuntii sale.

Verighetele pe care ni Ie-au aratat,

erau revoltator de scumpe.

Mirele 0 cuno~tea pe mireasade mult timp.

Urmeaza ultimul exercitiu de traducere al acestei lectii:

Aceasta parte a lectiei incepe cu un dialog. Fiti atenti la pronuntia cuvintelor ~i silabelor accentuate:

> He said that he would not feel safe

tIll the murderer was arrested.

> Many brutal murders were committed

that month.

> It was rainmg when we were going to tbe

police-statIOn to report the burglary.

> If I had had tune I would have attended

the service.

> 1 he man who was released was

obviously mnocent.

> The crime he was accused of was

a violent one.

> lie is not the man he was when

we first met.

30

Of course there are happier things to talk about than crime, such as weddings.

Yes, just tell me please who isn't happy himself when he sees other people happy on their

wedding-day.

Even if you prefer to stay single you can imagine that this is a day they will never forget.

We must hope that life will always bring us more to be happy about than to be sad about.

Speaking about crime you know that people have always said that crime doesn't pay.

But in some countries crime seems to be profitable because the criminals are not sufficiently

punished.

I agree, and if a prisoner is convicted ofa crime, he often doesn't have to go to prison for

a long time.

How true it is. They say this is because the criminal didn't know what he was doing when

he commited the crime. Don't ask me how they know.

And if a prisoner's behaviour is good he is released.

I think the only thing we can do to change this situation is to punish the people who don't

want to punish the criminals.

John:

Barbara:

John:

Barbara:

Anul in care recolta s-a distrus, a fost prea secetos. > The year our crop failed, was too dry.

LECTIA 28 - PARTEA A nOVA,

EI a spus ca nu se va simti in siguranta,

pana cand criminalul nu va fi arestat.

Daca a~ fi avut timp, a~ fi fost prezent

la ceremonie.

Mary:

Peter:

Barbara:

John:

EI nu este omul care era cand ne-am intalnit

prima data.

Mary:

Peter:

Omul care a fost eliberat a fost

evident nevinovat.

Ploua cand ne-am dus la postul de poIitie

ca sa anuntam spargerea.

In luna aceea au fost comise multe

crime brutale.

Crima de care el a fost acuzat, a fost

una violenta.

Crezi ca e vinovat?

Nu vreau platesc amenda pentm casunt nevinovat.

$antajul este infraqiune profitabila.

Acest avion este uria~.

L-am intrebat daca oamenii religio~i suntintotdeauna amabili.

Ea a spus ca nu I-a vawtde la divort.

A fura este 'impotriva legii.

Saptamana viitoare participam la 0 nunta.

A~ vreau sa fiu din nou celibatar.

Grice faCl, nu-i da drumul.

Aceasta poate fi folosita ca dovada.

Cat de nevinovat parea uciga~ul!

E~ti sigur ca hotul se ascundeprin imprejurimi?

31

> Do you lhll1k he IS gUIlty?

> I don't \\ ant to pay tht' fine because

I am Il1l10cent.

> BlackmaIl is a \ ery prolitable crnne.

> rhls plane IS enOIIIlOllS.

> I asked him If I ellglou" people were

always gentle.

> She saId she had not seen h1111

since the dIvorce.

> Stealing IS agamsl the law.

> We ,Ire attendmg a \\ eddlng next week.

> I WIsh I were a bachelor agam.

> Whatever you do, dOll't release hun.

> ThIS can be used as e\ Idence.

> 'low innocent the murderer looked!

> Are you sure the thief IS hichng

JIl the sUllOlIlldings')

Peter said "I wish I had a house". - Peter said he wished he had a house.

Mary said "It's time I went home". - Mary said it was time she went home.

- Iti place cartea

pe care ai citit-o?

- Oamenii pe care i-am vizitat au fost

foarte draguti cu mine.

- Nu pierde biletul

pe care ti I-a dat.

- John said that if he were me

he would not do it.

- Peter said that if he had time he would go

to the cinema.

- it was time

- Mary said that if she had had the money

earlier she would have paid for the car.

- Ai putea deschide geamul?

- Poti sa-mi dai putin ceai?

- I wished

32

Peter said "lfI have time I will go

to the cinema".

it is time

I wish

John said "IfI were you

I would not do it".

Mary said "If I had had the money

earlier I would have paid for the car".

Don't lose the ticket (which)

he has given to you.

Would you give me some tea?

28.2.2. Timpul urmatoarelor expresii se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor:

In cazul propozitiei conditionale de tipul II ~i III timpul verbului ramane neschimbat:

In schimb in vorbirea indirecta timpul verbului din propozitia secundara, care urmeaza

dupa aceste expresii nu se schimba. De exemplu:

In cazul folosirii vorbirii indirecte In propozitia conditionala de tipul I, timpul

verbulului se schimba conform regulii de concordanta a timpurilor (din timpul prezent

trece la timpul trecut):

The people (whom) I visited were

very nice to me.

Could you open the window?

28.2.1. Propozitia conditionala

Do you like the book (that)

you have read?

28.2. Vorbirea indirecta

28.1. Pronumele relative compuse aflate la Inceputul propozitiilor relative restrictive pot fi omise

In anumite cazuri. Exemple:

RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 28,

28.3. Folosirea verbelor auxiliare modale "could" ~i "would":

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 28

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba romana:

I. The man I met then was divorced.

2. I said that if I were a teacher, I would teach English.

3. The bride wished the service were shorter.

4. Could you tell me )fthey are happy?

5. He told me that ifhe had not bought the wedding-rings earlier, he would not have hadmoney then.

6. I wanted to attend the wedding but I was late for the train.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozi1ii in limba engleza:

1. EI presupune ca este timpul sa incepi lucrul.

2. Ai cina cu mine? (E~ti atat de amabil sa cinezi cu mine?)

3. Cine a spus ca daca a~ fi mai tanara, m-ar lua de nevasta?

4. Casa pe care am vazut-o atunci era prea scumpa pentru mine.

5. L-ai putea ruga pe mire sa aduca florile?

6. Ea a spus ca vrea sa fie necasatorita.

C. Corecta1i gre~elile din urmatoarele propozi1ii:

1. The house has just been bought is large.

2. Could they to swear it's true?

3. He said it is time he leaves.

4. She told me that if she divorces her husband she will be happy.

5. Would you opened the window?

33

V()CABVLARUL LECTIILOR 27 SI 28, ,

to a. 'euse (ot) > [tLi aklU:Z] - a acuza, a invinui (de)

agal'1st > [agenst] - impotriva, (in) contra

to al resl > [tLi arest] - a aresta

to attend > [tLi atend] - a fi prezent/de faFi la, a participa

bacl1elol > [bEt~alar] - celibatar

behavi''lur > [blhelvlar] - purtare, comportament

to belil'\ e > [tLi bi!i:v] - a crede (in)

to bewan: (of) > [tublllea'] - a se feri, a se pazi (de)

blacl<mall > [blEkmeiJ] - ~antaj

bride > [braid] - mireasa

brictegroom > [braldgru:m] - mire

brutal > [bru:tl] - brutal, violent

burglCl\ > [ba: rgla'] - spargator

burglary > [ba:'glan] - furt cu spargere

capit~1 punishment > [kEpitl pani~mant] - pedeapsa capitaHi/cu moartea

to commit > [Iu kamit] - a comite

to conft'ss > [Iu kanfes] - a marturisi, a recunoa~te

to convict (of) > [tLi kanvikt] - a condamna, a declara vinovat(pe cineva)

cnme > [kraim] - infractiune

criminal > [krimml] - criminal

death > [del"] - moarte

death sentence > [del" sentiins] - condamnare la moarte

decent > [di:sant] - decent

divorce > [divo:rs] - divort

to divorce > [tu dlVO:rS] - a divorta

engaged > [mgeidjd] - logodit

enormous > [mo:'mas] - enorm, uria~, colosal

envious (of) > [envlas] - invidios (pe)

evidence > [evldans] - dovada, marturie

fine > [fam] - amenda, penalizare

to find out > [tu fallld aut] - a constata, a descoperi, a afla

34

gentle > [dJentl] bland, ginga~, amabil

God, god > [god] DUlllnezeu, divinitate

guest > [gest] musafir, invitat

guilty > [gilti] - Vlllovat

happy > [hEpi] - fericit

incredible > [inkredibal] - incredibil

innocent > [inasant] - inocent, nevinovat

law > [lo:J - lege

to look > [tu lukJ - a privi, a arata cumva (bIDe l'll

marriage > [mEnd)] - casatorie

to marry > [tu mEnJ - a se casatori, a se insura

murder > [ma:'da'] - crima, omucidere

to murder > [tu mao' da'] - a ucide, a omori

murderer > [ma:'dara'j - criminal, asasin, uciga~

obviously > [obvlaslJ ] - (in mod) evident

outrageous > [autretdJas] - ru~inos, neru~int, imoral

pickpocket > [pikpokit] - hot de buzunare

police > [pali:s] - politie

police-station > [pali:s stel~n] - post sau comisariat de politie

prisoner > [prizana'] - prizonier, detinut

to prosecute > [tu proslklll:t] - a institui/a intenta (un) proces

to punish > [tu pani~] - a pedepsi

relatives > [relati: vz] - ruda, rude

to release > [turili:s] - a elibera, a pune in libertate,a-i da drumul

relieved > [rili:vd] - u~urat

religious > [rilidjas] - religios

remorse > [rimo:fs] - remu~care, mustrare de con~tiinta

to report > [tu npo:ft] - a raporta, a anunta

to rob > [tu rob] - ajefui, a prada (de), a fura

robbery > [robari] - jaf, furt

sentence > [sentans] - sentinta

to sentence (to) > [tu sentans] - a condamna

35

service > [sa:'vis] - serviciu, ceremonie

shoplifter > [~oplifta'J - hot de magazine

single > [sing!] - necasatorit, celibatar

speeding > [spi.umlg )] - exces de viteza

sufficient > [safi~<lI1t] - suficient, indestuHHor

to swear > [tll sUeaf] - ajura

theft > [T'efl] - furt

thief, thieves > [T'i:fJ[T'i:vz] - hot, hoti

ticket > [tikI!] - bilet, proces verbal(de contraventie)

violent > [vaialant] - violent

wedding > [Ucdm(g)] - nunta, cununie • ~

wedding-day > [Uedmlg ) dei] - ziua nuntii

wedding-ring > [Uedm1g ) rin1gl] - verigheHi

whatever > [Uoteva'] - oricare, orice, indiferent de

whichever > [Uit~ev a'] - oricare

whoever > [hu:e\ af] - oncme

36