Intranet, Extranet, Portal

IntranetUn intranet este o reea din interiorul unei organizaii care leag utilizatori multipli prin intermediul tehnologiilor Internet. intraneturile limiteaz teritoriul nelimitat al Internetului, stabilind sectoare cu acces controlat n care utilizatorii pot s comunice i s interacioneze n mod liber. Aceste reele au la baz World Wide Web-ul, permind utilizatorilor comunicarea ntre platforme diferite n timp real.

Intranet (cont.)Intraneturile sunt utile pentru organizaii care:sunt dispersate din punct de vedere geografic;partajeaz obiective de afaceri comune;au nevoi de informare comune;valorizeaz colaborarea.Intranetul poate avea 3 niveluri de functionalitate:afiarea informaiilor generale date statice;partajarea datelor managementul datelor dinamice din organizatie;comunicaii interactive - colaborare n timp real i crearea unei platforme securizate pentru comunicare interactiv n interiorul organizaiei.

Utilizare Intranet:afiarea scopului organizaiei;plasarea on-line a manualelor organizaiei;crearea de forumuri interne i aviziere (bulletin boards);afiarea crii de telefon i a catalogului de personal;crearea unor bnci i sisteme de afiare pentru posturile i sarcinile interne;afiarea planificrii cursurilor pentru pregtirea personalului;crearea de calendare cu evenimentele din organizaie i personale;crearea unor motoare de cutare centrale pentru documentele organizaiei;afiarea tirilor din organizaie i din afara acesteia;afiarea articolelor scrise de parteneri;afiarea listei clienilor i a bazelor de date cu informaii de contact;listarea anunurilor de mic publicitate;listarea informaiilor de marketing i pre ale produselor mpreun cu catalogul acestora;mutarea pe intranet a aplicaiilor actuale, astfel nct acestea s fie disponibile din mai multe locaii diferite

Avantajele utilizarii unui IntranetWorkforce productivity: Intranets can help employees to quickly find and view information and applications relevant to their roles and responsibilities. Via a simple-to-use web browser interface, users can access data held in any database the organization wants to make available, anytime and - subject to security provisions - from anywhere, increasing employees' ability to perform their jobs faster, more accurately, and with confidence that they have the right information.Time: With intranets, organizations can make more information available to employees on a "pull" basis (ie: employees can link to relevant information at a time which suits them) rather than being deluged indiscriminately by emails.Communication: Intranets can serve as powerful tools for communication within an organization, vertically and horizontally.Web publishing allows 'cumbersome' corporate knowledge to be maintained and easily accessed throughout the company using hypermedia and Web technologies. Examples include: employee manuals, benefits documents, company policies, business standards, newsfeeds, and even training, can be accessed using common Internet standards (Acrobat files, Flash files, CGI applications). Because each business unit can update the online copy of a document, the most recent version is always available to employees using the intranet.Business operations and management: Intranets are also being used as a platform for developing and deploying applications to support business operations and decisions across the internetworked enterprise.

DezavantajePublication of information must be controlled to ensure only correct and appropriate information is provided in the intranet poate fi combinat cu solutii de workflow pentru rezolvarea problemei.Appropriate security permissions must be in place to ensure there are no concerns over who accesses the intranet or abuse of the intranet by users.

ExempleKPMG moved all of its information assets to an intranet called KWorld.The success of Cisco Systems has been largely attributed to its innovative corporate intranetFord Motor Co has more than 175,000 employees in 950 locations worldwide, each of whom had access to the companys intranet, called Myford.com. The intranet gave employees information about benefits, demographics, salary history, general company news and human resources forms.ShoreBank's branch, affiliate, and consulting service employees around the world communicate and collaborate using SIREN. SIREN is an intranet, extranet, and knowledge management solution implemented in 2006 using Intranet DASHBOARD.The Australian National University uses an Intranet called Claromentis to maintain one of its external sites.

Link-uri utilehttp://www.intranetjournal.comhttp://www.intranetblog.comhttp://www.steptwo.com.au/columntwo/http://www.eaber.orghttp://b-r-ent.comhttp://www.sorce.biz/whitepaperindex.asphttp://www.s-development.net/blogs/http://www.intranetmaturity.com/http://www.theworkplaceblog.com/

Extraneteste un site Web cu acces controlat, n care o parte din vizitatori provin din afara organizaieiExemple: extraneturile de vnzri permit organizaiilor s publice coninut special pentru clienii importani sau pentru cei care prospecteaz piaa. extraneturi B2B sau de comer electronic n care sunt desfurate magazine virtuale pentru partenerii de afaceri calificai, n vederea selectrii produselor/achiziiei. extraneturile pentru managementul proiectelor sau extraneturile colaborative permit schimbul de documente, planificri i bunuri electronice asociate unui anumit proiect sau unui partener. In 2003 in the United Kingdom, several of the leading vendors formed the Network of Construction Collaboration Technology Providers, or NCCTP, to promote the technologies and to establish data exchange standards between the different systemsExtranetul, de fapt, folosete facilitile i scopul unui intranet, n acelai timp extinzndu-le dincolo de graniele unei organizaii

Utilizari ale unui extranetpartajarea de documente actualizate, fiiere sau imagini cu furnizori, parteneri sau clieni aflai n locaii disparate;lucrul n colaborare prin disponibilizarea ctre editare, revizuire, actualizare, versionare i stocare a documentelor i a bunurilor digitale;gestionarea proiectelor ntr-un spaiu de lucru centralizat precum i s urmreasc toi paii desfurai;Ofereirea de versiuni curente ale documentelor actualizate n mod frecvent, precum rapoarte de vnzri, sumare ale stocurilor, specificaii de produs, documente de design, planificri ale produciei etc;accesul la funciile back-office precum managementul stocului, informaii despre garanii, date ale produselor noi, rapoarte de vnzri partajate etc.

AvantajeExtranets can improve organization productivity by automating processes that were previously done manually (e.g.: reordering of inventory from suppliers). Automation can also reduce the margin of error of these processes. Extranets allow organization or project information to be viewed at times convenient for business partners, customers, employees, suppliers and other stake-holders. This cuts down on meeting times and is an advantage when doing business with partners in different time zones. Information on an extranet can be updated, edited and changed instantly. All authorised users therefore have immediate access to the most up-to-date information. Extranets can improve relationships with key customers, providing them with accurate and updated information

DezavantajeExtranets can be expensive to implement and maintain within an organisation (e.g.: hardware, software, employee training costs) if hosted internally instead of via an Application Service Provider; Security of extranets can be a big concern when dealing with valuable information. System access needs to be carefully controlled to avoid sensitive information falling into the wrong hands. Extranets can reduce personal contact (face-to-face meetings) with customers and business partners. This could cause a lack of connections made between people and a company, which hurts the business when it comes to loyalty of its business partners and customers.

PortalDefinitie: Portals are single point of access to information which is:from various logically linked internet based applications andis of interest to various type of usersSite on the World Wide Web that typically provides personalized capabilities to its visitors, providing a pathway to other content. It is designed to use distributed applications, different numbers and types of middleware and hardware to provide services from a number of different sources. In addition, business portals are designed to share collaboration in workplaces. A further business-driven requirement of portals is that the content be able to work on multiple platforms such as personal computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and cell phones.

Avantajele portaluriloradvantages of using portals:intelligent integration and access to enterprise content, applications and processesimproved communication and collaboration among customers, partners, and employeesunified, real-time access to information held in disparate systemspersonalized user interactionsrapid, easy modification and maintenance of the website presentation

Tipuri de portaluri

Tipuri de portaluri

Tipuri de portaluriInternational portals (Yahoo!)Regional portals [(MswPower.Com),China (Sina.com), Italy (Webplace.it)]local information such as weather forecasts, street maps and local business informationGovernment portals:USA.gov,DisabilityInfo.govDirectgov (UK) pentru cetatenibusinesslink.gov.uk (UK) pentru persoane juridiceCorporate/Enterprise portalsHosted web portalscorporate portals gained popularity a number of companies began offering them as a hosted serviceHyperoffice.com, OFFICEHQ.comDomain specific portals pentru toate tipurile de afarceri

Alte tipuri de portaluriEntertainment Portals: Often all members of an entertainment portal are responsible for its content and direct the type of entertainment that is available to visitors to the site. An example of one such portal is the South African Music and Entertainment portal Overtone. These can be an essential part of community based networking and collaborationEnvironmental Portals: In recent years, many Environmental Portals have been developed in order to raise awareness about Environmental Indicators. Such an Example is the EUSOILSInvestment Portals: These are an excellent resource when researching global and industry specific marketsB2B and B2C Portals: B2B or Business to Business Portals have become a very important resource for Global business. They provide buyer and seller details for different commodities and products and help in connecting businesses across the globe. A B2B portal that specializes in a single industry is called a Vertical B2B Portal or a Vortal. B2C or Business to Consumer portals are used to directly sell products to consumersMini Portals: Some localized portals are based on local interests, and edited and maintained by individuals. While they do not provide the same levels of services as major portals, they are a good place for collaboration of ideas, for commonly interested peopleVoice Portals: In addition to standard web sites accessed through web browsers, people can also access "voice sites" through "voice browsers". Destinations accessed in this way by standard telephones are often called Voice Portals.

Enterprise portalDefinitie:Enterprise Information Portals are one of the most popular ways in which enterprises can allow their employees and customers to search and access corporate information. It is a single gateway for users, such as employees, customers and companys partners to log into and retrieve corporate information, company history and other services or resourcesis a web portal for use within an organization.

Arhitectura EIP: SAP

Arhitectura EIP - 2

Facilitati ale portalurilor - 1interfa ctre web;managementul interfeei cu utilizatorul (servicii de prezentare, de exemplu);mecanisme de acces la date externe;servicii de management al datelor;securitate, autentificare i personalizare;instrumente de dezvoltare a portalului;instrumente de administrate i management ale portalului.

Facilitati ale portalurilor - 2Content and document management services that support the full life cycle of content and document creation and provide mechanisms for authoring, approval, version control and scheduled publishing. Some portal solutions providers aim to remove the need for a third-party content management system.Collaboration portal members can communicate synchronously (through chat or messaging) or asynchronously through threaded discussion and email digests (forums) and blogs.Search & Navigation Content is meant to be read, so on the usage side of the equation, being able to find and retrieve targeted content is the essential task. As more content is added to repositories, the more valuable those repositories become. Unfortunately, retrieving useful information becomes more difficult as the volume of information grows unless effective search and navigation methods are employed.Personalization the ability for portal members to subscribe to specific types of content and services. Users can customize the look and feel of their environment.Customers who are using EIPs can edit and design their own web sites which are full of their own personality and own style; they can also choose the specific content and services they prefer. Like My Yahoo. MSN.Entitlement /Securitate the ability for portal administrators to limit specific types of content and services users have access to. For example, a company's proprietary information can be entitled for only company employee access.Integration the connection of functions and data from multiple systems into new components/portlets.Single sign-on (SSO) many enterprise portals provide single sign-on capabilities between their users and various other systems. This requires a user to authenticate only once. Access control lists manage the mapping between portal content and services over the portal user base.

Avantaje EIPCentralization: EIPs provide a centralised system that may contain a wide range of a companys corporate information and access to online applications. This centralised information system enables customers or employees to easily access information such as reports, application forms or policy documents. Furthermore, it is easy for the individuals within the company to update or edit content.Increase productivity and profit: information and time is money. A Centralied and well organized information system provided by EIP can help employees get quick response and information that increase employees productivity. In addition, it can offer customers easy access to resources that may increase the companys sources of customers.Provide security area: EIP has one significant feature which is providing a security area that for team or a specific partner to access, which means only authorised users can access restriction information.

Dezavantaje EIPHigh cost: To maintain several Web and portal sites for employees, customers and partners is an expensive process, companies can spend a huge amount of money on an EIP system in the hope that it will provide a stable portal for them.Conflict: To keep the current infrastructures or introduce more advanced system? Many businesses required a single, integrated Web environment to cover all the information and applications that is easy for employees, partners and customers to view and find information. However, no company would like to spend huge cost on replacing their existing infrastructures.outmoded platform: Many companies used to have an outmoded development platform. Also they pay unequal attention on their information system. Especially for external, customers or employees can not find enough information or applications that they wanted. Therefore, the company may lose lots of chances to attract potential customers.Ignoring Importance of Information Systems: An information repository is one of the basic requirements for a company to keep providing information to employees, partners or customers which they wish to view as web pages over their intranet. In contrast, a portal that does not contain all pertinent information resources can decrease a companys market share and competitive advantage.

Tehnici de prezentare a datelor in portaluriPortlet (pluggable user interface components that are managed and displayed in a web portal. Portlets produce fragments of markup code that are aggregated into a portal page. Typically, a portal page is displayed as a collection of non-overlapping portlet windows, where each portlet window displays a portlet. Hence a portlet (or collection of portlets) resembles a web-based application that is hosted in a portal. Portlet applications include email, weather reports, discussion forums, and news.Web-parts: Web Part is an add-on ASP.NET technology to Windows SharePoint Services. Web Parts are an integrated set of controls for creating Web sites that enable end users to modify the content, appearance, and behavior of Web pages directly from a browserDigital dashboards: also known as an enterprise dashboard or executive dashboard, is a business management tool used to visually ascertain the status (or "health") of a business enterprise via key business indicators. Digital dashboards use visual, at-a-glance displays of data pulled from disparate business systems to provide warnings, action notices, next steps, and summaries of business conditions

Exemplu de Digital Dashboardhttp://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_07/b3971083.htm

A "dashboard" pulls up everything the CEO needs to run the show

PersonalizareaCrearea unui produs de consum, electronic sau pe mediu scris special pentru un anumit utilizator.Tipuri de personalizarePagini web sunt personalizate in functie de interesele unui individCustomization schimbarile se fac doar un functie de date implicite, precum obiecte cumparate sau pagini vizualicate (posibilitatea de a modifica layout-ul paginii dupa dorinta)Portal este realizata in functie de atributele unui utilizator / department, arie functionala sau rol.Motoare de cautare / Google - http://searchengineland.com/070202-224617.phpDisponibil doar pentru utilizatori autentificatiPersonalizare la scara mare prin ponderarea unor factori: user history, bookmarks, comportamentul comunitatii etc.RevisteAdresaPublicitate cu target in functie de aria demografica sau intereseMateriale publicitare cani, tricouri, brelocuri,

Personalizarea de masaAdaptarea produselor de catre o companie in concordanta cu gusturile si preferintele utilizatorilor. Customizare de masa da posibilitate clientilor sa creeze si sa aleaga produse in functie de anumte specificatii, cu anumite limite (Haag et al., Management Information Systems for the information age: Third Ed., 2006, p.331)Avantaje:Permite companiilor sa adapteze produsele (tricou de baseball) - http://shop.mlb.com/category/index.jsp?categoryId=1745986&cp=1960173Comert electronic: haine, CD-uri, muzica descarcata, design grafic pentru site-uriDELL calculatoare personalizate - http://www1.ca.dell.com/content/products/category.aspx/desktops?c=ca&cs=cadhs1&l=en&s=dhs

Rule-based personalizationRezultatul combinarii profilului utilizatorului (locatie geografica, tip de dispozitiv, mecanism de acces, grupuri, interesem preferinte) cu profilul continutului ( atribute descriere, metadate structurale si administrative, variind in functie de continut), totul bazat pe regului logice care refelcta anumite criterii de relevanta, determinind in acest fel calitatea experientei de personalizare.Profilul utilizatorului este utilizat pentru a obtine continutul potrivit in functie de context, controlul personalizarii fiind dat atit utilizatorului cit si sistemului.Este importanta pentru a expune continutul relevant / news about new articles, links or events, matching the user's interest or role, instead of waiting for the user to accidentally find it. Pentru a fi utilie, regulile si atributele utilizatorului trebuie sa fie modificate, pentru a reflecta nevoile utilizatorului.

Behavior-based personalizationPersonalizarea in functie de comportamentul utilizatorului in sistem / cumparaturi, termeni cautai, click-uri (Chia, 2002)Sistemul creaza in mod dinamic un model al utilizatorului, pe baza profilului utilizatorului; combina si comportamentele altor utilizatori din sistem.Modelul este utilizat pentru a filtra, recomanda si obtine informatii si servicii pentru utilizator.Exemplu: Amazon.comControlul personalizarii este detinut de sistem calitatea personalizarii este data de proportia interectiunii utilizatorului cu sistemul

Caracteristicile tipurilor de personalizarehttp://informationr.net/ir/9-3/paper181.html

http://www.clickz.com/showPage.html?page=910251

Mai multe despre personalizarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_filteringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recommendation_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personalized_marketinghttp://www.andreas-ittner.de/index_rs.htmlhttp://www.cylogy.com/library/glossary.htmlhttp://www.deitel.com/Default.aspx?tabid=1229

(vedeti si link-urile externe de la sfirsitul documentelor)

Content ManagementSet de procese si tehnologii care suporta cilcul de viata al informatiei digitale (continut, continut digital)Continutul digital poate lua urmatoarele forme:Text / documenteFisiere multimedia / audio, videoOrice alt tip de fisier care are un ciclu de viata si necesita gestionareCiclul de viata al continutului digital consta din urmatoarele faze:creare, actualizare, publicare, traducere, Arhivarepensionare/retragere

CM proces colaborativManagementul continutului este un proces colaborativ care consta din urmatoarele roluri si responsabilitati de baza:Autor de continut - responsabil pentru crearea si editarea continutului;Editor responsabil pentru aranjarea mesajului continutului, modalitatea de transmitere, traducere si localizare;Publisher - Responsabil pentru publicare continutului in vederea utilizatorii;Administrator responsabil pentru managementul permisiilor de acces la foldere si fisiere (asignarea de drepturi la nivel de utilizator sau grupuri);Consumator persoana care citeste sau utilizeaza continutul in forma finala/publicata.Managementul versiunilor de documente autorii si editorii pot avea nevoie sa restaureze versiuni mai vechi ale produselor editate din diverse cauze (esecul procesului de publicare/neaporbare, serie de editari indezirabile etc.)

CMS - Content management systemAplicatie pentru managementul continutuluiUtilizat pentruPartajarea continutului/documentelor intre utilizatoriPublicare pe webArhivarea documentelorPoate include un proces de workflowForme ale CMS: web content management system software pentru managementul site-urilor webMunca unei echipe de editare a unui ziarworkflow pentru publicarea unui articolDocument Management System

Web Content Management SystemsFacilitati:Automated templates: soabloane care pot fi aplicate in mod automat unui continut, creind un punct central din care se poate modifica aspectul unui sablonEasily editable content: continut separat de prezentare. CMS contin facilitati de tip WYSIWYG pentru editare usoara a continutuluiScalable feature sets facilitati pentru extinderea facilitatilor sistemuluiWeb standards upgrades posiblitate de a publica continut in noi formate web (XTHML, XML,)Workflow management crearea de cicluri de sarcini paralele sau in serie pentru gestionarea continutului (flux de aprobari)Document management solutie pentru managementul intregului ciclu de viata al documentelor (creare, revizuire, publicare, arhivare, distrugere)

Document Management SystemsAplicatie utilizata pentru urmarirea si stocarea documentelor electronice/ imagini ale documentelor

Componente ale DMSOfera stocare, versionare, metadate, securitate, indexare si regasire de documenteMetadata stocate cu fiecare document data stocarii documentului, identitatea utilizatorului, rezumat, cuvinte cheie. Poate fi integrat cu software OCR;Integrare se incearca integrarea DMS direct in alte aplicatii, asftel incit sa nu se paraseasca aplicatia uzuala, iar DMS sa fie doar depozitul in/din care se salveaza/regasesc documente (integrare cu Office si aplicatii e-mail prin protocoale WebDAV, SOAP)Capturare captura de imagini ale documentelor sau transformare prin OCRIndexare urmarirea documentelor, clasificare prin metadate, pentru regasire usoara/cautareStocare locul de stocare, durata stocarii, migrarea de pe un mediu pe altul, distrugereaRegasirea cautare prin metadateDistribuireSecuritateWorkflowColaborareVersionare

Enterprise Content ManagementOricare din strategiile si tehnologiile utilizate pentru gestionarea capturii, stocarii, securitatii, controlul reviziei, regasirii, distribuirii, pastrarii si distrugerii documentelor la nivel de organizatieGestioneaza continut structurat si nestructuratRecent trends in business and government indicate that ECM is becoming a core investment for organizations of all sizes, more immediately tied to organizational goals than in the past: increasingly more central to what an enterprise does, and how it accomplishes its mission (AIIM Industry Watch: State of the ECM Industry, "The ECM Association Moving from Why? To How?: The Maturing of ECM Users". AIIM Association for Information and Image Management international, Silver Springs, 2006.)

Componentele traditionaleDocument ManagementColaborare/ groupwareWeb Content ManagementRecords ManagementWorkflow / Business Process Management - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workflow

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