7/27/2019 Congresul Statelor Unite Ale Americii

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Congresul Statelor Unite ale Americii

Congres al Statelor Unite ale Americii sau Congresul Statelor Unite ale Americii(n englezThe

Congress of the United States) este adunarea bianual aramurii legislativeaguvernului federalalStatelor

Unite ale Americii.

Congresul este o entitatelegislativbicameral, constnd din House of Representatives sauCamera

Reprezentanilor, camerainferioar,i din Senate sauSenat, camera sasuperioar. Membrii camerelor

inferioar i superioar se ntrunesc n sesiuni reunite, formnd Congresul SUA; ei se numesc

oficialCongresspeople, cu denominarea specificCongressman [nume de familie]pentru un brbat,

respectivCongresswoman [nume de familie]pentru o femeie. Membrii Camerei Reprezentanilor sunt alei

prinvot directpentru doi ani, iar membrii Senatului pentru ase ani.

Numrul total al membrilor Congresului este de 535, la care nu se poate aduga vicepreedinteleStatelor

Unite (cu anumiteexcepii notabile), dei, prin lege, acesta estepreedinte al Senatului. Acest numr de 535

rezult prin sumarea celor 435 de membri ai House of Representatives, reprezentnd cele 435 dedistricte

electoraledin Statele Unite, care sunt periodic ajustate proporional cudistribuia populaiein teritoriu, cu

numrul de 100 de senatori, ntotdeauna cte doi pentru fiecare dincele 50 de stateale SUA.

Constituia Statelor Unite ale Americiidesemneaz explicit c toate puterile legislative ale guvernului federal

sunt doar ale Congresului. Puterile Congresului sunt limitate la cele enumerate de Constituie; toate celelalte

puteri fiind rezervatestatelor federaieiipoporului. Prin intermediul "Actelor Congresului" (conform

originalului,Acts of Congress), Congresul poate reglementacomerulinterstataliinternaional,taxarea, poate

organiza funcionareacurilor de justiie, menineforele militareale rii,declara rzboi, precum are i alte

puteri necesare i corecte, conform originaluluinecessary and proper powers.

Senatul i Camera Reprezentanilor sunt camere complementare, ca atare manevrnd puteri complementare i

similare. Astfel, exist domenii de exercitare ale puterii specific nuan ate pentru fiecare din ele. Senatul este

camera care are mputernicirea numit "de a aviza i aproba" (advice and consent), care este necesar pentru

capreedintelei/sau oficialiti importante s poat participa la ntlniri de rang nalt, pozi iile judiciare nalte

s fie ocupate i pentru catratatele internaionales fieratificate. Proiectele de legi privind creterea salariilor

precum i procedurile deimpeachmentpot fi iniiate doar de Camera Reprezentanilor.

Congresul Statelor Unite ale Americii se ntrunete n cldireaCapitoliuluidinWashington, D.C..

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