21.PrimulAjutor

7/25/2019 21.PrimulAjutor

1/5

TEMA 3

PRIMUL AJUTOR I AUTOAJUTORUL SANITAR N CAZ DE RNIRI,NEC, INTOXICAII, CONTAMINRI, ARSURI

Primul aju!r "i au!aju!rul #a$iar r%&r%'i$( m(#uril% )ar% #% iau im%*ia &%$ru+

!&rir%a %m!ra-iil!r,

&a$#ar%a r($il!r "i ar#uril!r,

im!.ili'ar%a /ra)uril!r "i ra$#&!rar%a 0((ma1il!r la #&ial%2

Primul aju!r #a$iar #% a)!r*( 0i)im%l!r *% )(r% /!rma1iu$i #a$iar% *% &r!%)1i

)i0il( #au *% Cru)% R!"i% $ urma aa)uril!r a%ri%$% #au $ )a' *% *%'a#r%, la l!)ul u$*

a)%#%a au /!# #ur&ri$#%, a*i)( $ rai!a$%l% *% *i#ru-%r% #au la /!)ar%l% )!$ami$a% $u)l%a

)imi) #au .i!l!-i)2

Au!aju!rul #a$iar r%.ui% )u$!#)u *% )(r% !a% &%r#!a$%l%, a04$* $ 0%*%r% )(

maj!ria%a )a'uril!r, &4$( la #!#ir%a /!rma1iu$il!r #a$iar% )ar% &! *%&("i 35 *% mi$u%, %#

$%)%#ar #( #% a)1i!$%'%, im%*ia, $ /u$)1i% *% 0((mar%a &r!*u#( !r-a$i#mului2

Primul aju!r 6 au!aju!rul7 #a$iar #% im&u$%, )u a4 mai mul $ 0((m(ril% -ra0%

)4$* #al0ar%a 0i%1ii *%&i$*% *% !&!ru$ia%a "i )!r%)iu*i$%a a&li)(rii a)%#uia2

P%$ru a)!r*ar%a &rimului aju!r, &% li$ia &r!%)1i%i )i0il%, &ri$ r%-ulam%$%l% *#&%)ialia%, #% #a.il%#) m(#uri "i r%-uli &ri0i$* l!)ul, #iua1iil%, irajul "i m!*ali(1il% *

a&li)ar%, a#/%l+

&rimul aju!r #% a)!r*( la l!)ul *% *%#)!&%rir% a 0i)im%l!r8

$ #iua1iil% )4$* %9i#( &%ri)!lul *% )!$ami$ar%, #% iau m(#uri *% &r!%)1i% i$*i0i*ua

a$i)imi)( a 0i)im%l!r "i a&!i #% a)!r*( &rimul aju!r #a$iar, *u&( )ar% #% #)!

im%*ia $ a/ara '!$%i )!$ami$a%8

&4$( la ra$#&!rar%a 0i)im%l!r la #&ial #% a#i-ur( ri%r%a a)%#!ra &%$ru )ar% #

!r-a$i'%a'( &u$)% *% a*u$ar% a r($i1il!r8

&4$( la &u$)%l% *% a*u$ar% a r($i1il!r, #% a#i-ur( ra$#&!rul /!l!#i$* ar-a #a

mijl!a)%l% im&r!0i'a%8

:;


2/5

La ri%r%a, a)!r*ar%a &rimului aju!r "i ra$#&!rul 0i)im%l!r la #&ial% #% 0a 1i$% #%am

*% ur-%$1%, a#/%l+

$ ur-%$1%l% $4i 0!r /i ra$#&!ra1i )%i )u+ %m!ra-ii i$%r$%, %m!ra-ii mari %9%r$

&l(-i &%$%ra$% a.*!mi$al% "i !ra)i)%, &l(-i )ra$i%$%, ar#uri $i$#%, #(ri *% "!

/ra)uri mari "i )%i )!$ami$a1i8

$ ur-%$1a a *!ua 0!r /i %0a)ua1i la #&ial% 0((ma1ii )u+ %m!ra-ii ar%rial% )ar% &!

!&ri% &ri$ a&li)ar%a -ar!ului, m%m.r% '*r!.i%, /ra)uri, r($iri a*4$)i8

$ ur-%$1a a r%ia #u$ ra$#&!ra1i la #&ial% )%i )u+ /ra)uri mi)i $)i#%, r($i &u1i

a*4$)i "i )!$u'ii2

P4$( la ri%r%, /i%)ar% %)i&i%r al -ru&%i #a$iar% a)!r*( &rimul aju!r #a$iar 0i)im%l!

$ /u$)1i% *% -ra0ia%a 0((m(rii2 D%)i &rima ri%r% $)%&% )iar $ rai!$ul *% *i#ru-%r% #a

/!)arul *% *%)!$ami$ar%2$ -%$%ral, )%i )!$ami$a1i #u$ rimi"i la &u$)%l% *% *%)!$ami$ar%2

C%i -ra0 0((ma1i "i )!$ami$a1i #u$ rimi"i *ir%) la #&ial%, u$*% li #% /a)

*%)!$ami$ar%a "i li #% a)!r*( aju!rul m%*i)!=2)irur-i)al *% ur-%$1(2

>i%)ar% 0i)im( )u %m!ra-i% 0a /i $#!1i( *% u$ .il% &% )ar% #% r%)% !ra a&li)(r

-ar!ului2

$ urma $r%.ui$1(rii arm%l!r *% $imi)ir% $ ma#(, a arm%l!r )!$0%$1i!$al% "i $ )a' **%'a#r% %/%)%l% a)%#!ra &! &r!*u)% a#u&ra !r-a$i#mului uma$ urm(!ar%l% 0((m(ri+ &l(-

%m!ra-ii, /ra)uri, ar#uri, #ar% *% "!), %l%)r!)u(ri, ira*i%r%, i$!9i)ar%, i$/%)(ri "i $%)2

P%$ru a)!r*ar%a &rimului aju!r #a$iar %)i&a #a$iar( %#% *!a( )u+ -%a$(, ar-(

)i$-i "i m("i )!$ra -a'%l!r2

?%a$a #a$iar( r%.ui% #( /i% *!a( )u #ri)ul $%)%#ar &%$ru a)!r*ar%a &rimului aju!

#a$iar, *% a)%%a r%.ui% #( )!$1i$(+

/la)!a$% )u #u.#a$1% *%'i$/%)a$% 6 i!*, al)!!l, a&( !9i-%$a(, .r!m!)% 78

i$#rum%$ar )a+ &%$#%, .i#uriu, /!ar/%)%8

)!m&r%#%8

/%"i *% i/!$ *i/%ri%8

0a(8

@;


3/5

riu$-iuri *i$ &4$'(8

-ar!uri8

a%l%8

a)% *% #i-ura$1(2

M%m.rii %)i&%i #a$iar% r%.ui% #( &!ar% &% u$i/!rm( #%m$%l% *i#i$)i0% *% &r!%)1i

)i0il( 6 *% Cru)% R!"i% 72

T!1i m%m.ri %)i&%i au !.li-a!riu $ *!ar% ma#)a )!$ra -a'%l!r2 Primul %)i&i%

&!ar( -%a$a, al *!il%a )i$-il%, al r%il%a "i al &arul%a ar-a2

P%$ru )!m&l%ar%a )u -%$1i #a$iar%, (r-i, ma%rial &a$#am%$ar, la &u$)%l% *

a*u$ar% a r($i1il!r #% !r-a$i'%a'( &u$)% *% a&r!0i'i!$ar% *% )(r% *%a"am%$%l% *% -ra*ul I

Substanele toxice de lupt, )iar $ )a$i(1i mi)i, au ! mar% !9i)ia% )ar% &!a

&r!*u)% i$!9i)a1ii la !am%$i #au a$imal%2 A)%l%a"i %/%)% l% &! a0%a "i #u.#a$1%l% !9i)

i$*u#rial%2

I$!9i)a1ia !r-a$i#mului %#% $#( *i/%ri(, $ /u$)1i% *% )la#i/i)ar%a a)%#!r #u.#a$1%

)(il% *% &(ru$*%r% "i *% a)1iu$% a#u&ra !r-a$i#mului uma$2

n intoxicarea cu substane neuroparalitice, #im&!m%l% a&ar $ /u$)1i% *% /%l

i$!9i)a1i%i )ar% &!a% /i+ u"!ar(, m%*i% #au -ra0(2

I$!9i)a1ia u"!ar(, )ar% &!a% *ura &4$( la 3 'il%, #% 0i$*%)( /(r( raam%$ "i #ma$i/%#( &ri$+ mi)"!rar%a &u&il%l!r, l()rimar%, -r%ua% $ r%#&ira1i% "i *ur%ri *% )a&2

$ i$!9i)a1ia m%*i% #)a*% 0%*%r%a, u#% %#% )u %9&%)!ra1i% #&um!a#(, a&a

)!$ra)1iil% mu#)ular% "i #% &i%r*% %)ili.rul, iar &ul#ul #% r(r%"%2

$ i$!9i)a1ia -ra0( a&ar #im&!m%l% #&%)i/i)% i$!9i)a1iil!r u"!ar% "i m%*ii, urma

a&!i *% -r%1uri, 0(r#(uri, *ur%ri a.*!mi$al%, )!$ra)1ii mu#)ular% -%$%rali'a%, &arali'i

mu#)ulaurii, i$)lu#i0 a mu")il!r r%#&ira!ri "i i$%r0i$% *%)%#ul2

$ i$!9i)a1ia )u STL i!)imi)%, a)%#%a a)1i!$%a'( a#u&ra #i#%mului $%r0!#

&r!0!a)( urm(!ar%l% ul.ur(ri+ #%$'a1ia *% &luir% $ a%r, 0!r.ir%a i$)!%r%$(, &%r)%&%r%

0i'ual( *%/!rma( "i alu)i$a1ii au*ii0%2

Intoxicaia cu STL hematice&r!*u)% a$%mia "i /!am%a *% !9i-%$B a 1%#uuril!r2

3;


4/5

La intoxicaia cu STL nervoase a&ar #im&!m% )a+ am%1%li, -r%1uri, 0(r#(uri, *ur%ri *

)a&, $-r%ui%r%a "i !&rir%a r%#&ira1i%i, &i%r*%r%a )u$!"i$1%i, )!$0ul#ii -%$%rali'a%, !&rir%

r%#&ira1i%i "i *%)%#ul2 $ )a' %9&u$%r% la )!$)%$ra1ii mari *%)%#ul i$%r0i$% im%*ia2

$ )a'ul intoxicaiei cu STL0%'i)a$% a&ar $r!"ir%a &i%lii, 0%'i)ul% "i a&!i ul)%ra1ii2

Da)( au /!# )!$#uma% alim%$% )!$ami$a%, #im&!m%l% #% ma$i/%#( )u+ *ur%ri *

#!ma), -r%1uri, 0(r#(uri, *iar%% "i ul)%ra1ii al% mu)!a#%l!r -urii2

$ intoxicaia cu STL sufocant-asfixiante apar simptomele astfel:

$ /a'a *% #u/!)ar%, )u+ u#urimi $ -4, r%#&ira1i% $%r%-ula(, u#%, a-ia1i% "i #&aim(8

$ /a'a *% a#/i9i%, )4$* ar% l!) %*%mul &ulm!$ar !9i) )u+ r%#&ira1i% -r%a "i a))%l%ra(

u#% )u %9&%)!ra1i%, &lu# a))%l%ra "i )ia$!'a 6 $$%-rir%a &i%lii 72

La )!$)%$ra1ii mari *%)%#ul &!a% a0%a l!) im%*ia2

Intoxicaia cu STL iria$% &r!*u)% #im&!m% #&%)i/i)% &%$ru+ STL la)rim!-%$% $1%&(uri, u#urimi, ar#uri, /!!/!.i%, l()rimar%, $r!"ir%a

um%/i%r%a mu)!a#%i &l%!a&%l!r8

STL #r($u(!ar% $1%&(uri $ $a# "i -4, #r($u, u#%, #u/!)ar%, *ur%ri *% )a&

)!$0ul#ii8

STL 0!mii0% u#urimi "i #%$'a1ia *% ar#ur( $ -ur(, -r%1uri "i 0(r#(uri, *ur%

a.*!mi$al% "i *iar%%8Di$r% #u.#a$1%l% !9i)% i$*u#rial% )%l% mai uili'a% $ &r!)%#ul *% &r!*u)1i% #u$

am!$ia)ul, a)i*ul )ia$i*ri), )l!rul, #ul/ura *% )ar.!$, i*r!-%$ul #ul/ura "i *i!9i*ul *% #ul

$ intoxicaia cu amoniac #im&!m%l% #u$+ #%$'a1ia *% a#/i9i%, u#%, a-ia1i%, #ar% *

*%lir "i $%#i-ura$1( $ m%r#2 O %9&u$%r% mai mar% &r!0!a)( *%)%#ul2

$ )!$a)ul )u &i%l%a, am!$ia)ul &r!0!a)( $r!"ir%a &i%lii "i ar#uri2

Intoxicaia cu acid cianhidric&!a% a0%a l!) &ri$ i$alar% "i &ri$ &i%l%2

C!$)%$ra1iil% mari &r!0!a)( m!ar%a $ )4%0a mi$u%2

Sim&!m%l% i$!9i)a1i%i #% ma$i/%#( &ri$+ #u/!)ar%, lia *% a%r, *ur%ri *% )a&, am%1%l

r%#&ira1i% ra&i*( "i -r%!ai%, m%r# $%#i-ur, )!$0ul#ii, ra$#&ira1i% r%)%, &i%r*%r%a )u$!"i$1%

!&rir%a r%#&ira1i%i "i a i$imii2

;


5/5

Clorul&r!*u)% ! i$!9i)a1i% )ar% #% ma$i/%#( #u. r%i /!rm%, $ /u$)1i% *% )!$)%$ra1

"i im&ul %9&u$%rii+

uoar)ara)%ri'a( &ri$ am%1%li "i a#%$i%8

-ra0( )4$* a&ar+ $1%&(uri $ !)i, $a# "i -4, #ar% *% $%li$i"%, u#% 0i!l%$(, iriar%

mu)!a#%l!r $a'al% "i !)ular%8

ful!ertoare, )4$* #% &r!*u)% a#/i9i%r% !al( &ri$ i$alar%a u$%i *!'% mari )ar

&r!0!a)( %*%mul &ulm!$ar, )ia$!'a "i %9&%)!ra1i% )u li)i* #&um!# r!'2

Intoxicaia cu sulfur de carbon #% )ara)%ri'%a'( &ri$+ *ur%ri *% )a&, ul.ur(ri *

0%*%r%, *ur%ri -a#ri)%, *iar%% "i ul.ur(ri ii)% 6 a-ia1i%, r%mur(uri, %$a1ia *% /u-(

aru$)ar% $ -!l72

$ )!$)%$ra1ii mai mari #ur0i$% )!ma "i m!ar%a &ri$ &arali'ia r%#&ira!ri%2

$ i$!9i)a1ia )u i*r!-%$ul #ul/ura ar% l!) a#/i9ia "i iriar%a mu)!a#%l!r %-um%$%l!r2

Sim&!m%l% #u$+ #!m$!l%$1(, *ur%r% *% )a&, u#%, -r%1uri, 0(r#(uri, l()rimar%

/!!/!.i%2 $ )!$)%$ra1ii mai mari &r!0!a)( &i%r*%r%a )u$!"i$1%i, )!$0ul#ii "i *%)%#ul2

I$!9i)a1ia )u *i!9i* *% #ul/ #% ma$i/%#( &ri$ iriar%a )(il!r r%#&ira!rii iar

)!$)%$ra1ii mai mari a/%)%a'( a&araul r%#&ira!r &r!0!)4$*+ r(-u"ir%, .r!$"i( "i 0(r#(uri2

Intocmit, Cadru tehnic n situa ii de urgen ,

Mihil Carmen

21.PrimulAjutor

Documents

Transcript of 21.PrimulAjutor