UNIVERSITATEA TITU MAIORESCU

I. Translate into English:

Corupia a atins un asemenea grad de extinere n Romnia nct poate fi considerat un adevrat flagel naional. n mass-media, apar aproape zilnic scandaluri de corupie privind clasa politic i lumea afacerilor. De cele mai multe ori, interesele unora dintre politicieni i ale oamenilor de afaceri se ntlnesc n diverse contracte sau operaiuni care implic mari sume de bani. n momentul n care numai mita vehiculat ntre persoane corupte se cifreaz la milioane de euro, atunci exist motive foarte serioase de alarm privitoare la dimensiunile nspimnttoare ale corupiei n Romnia. Dac oamenii care guverneaz ara, dac cei care se ocup de afaceri, contracte, investiii i proiecte comit asemenea acte de corupie, nseamn c nsi sigurana naional a rii este n pericol. O ar guvernat de oameni corupi, condus de afaceriti lacomi i necinstii este o ar vulnerabil n faa tuturor pericolelor. Corupia a creat n ultimul timp i creeaz n continuare o imagine negativ Romniei n exterior pn la a fi considerat cea mai corupt ar din Uniunea European. Este o definiie umilitoare pentru o ar care aspir la statutul onorabil de stat european, pe deplin justificat, de altfel, prin istorie, cultur i civilizaie. Emblema de ar corupt are implicaii negative nu numai asupra imaginii externe a Romniei la nivelul arilor civilizate, ci i asupra felului n care este receptat n mediile de afaceri internaionale, de ctre investitori i de instituiile financiare.

n aceste condiii, lupta mpotriva corupiei trebuie s devin o prioritate naional a statului romn. Legea i justiia sunt mijloacele de lupta mpotriva acestui fenomen negativ, cu efecte nefaste asupra statului, societii, economiei i indivizilor. Principiile care trebuie s guverneze lupta mpotriva corupiei sunt : "nimeni nu este deasupra legii" i "domnia legii", aplicate tuturor cetenilor, indiferent de statut social, politic sau economic. Aplicarea legii n litera i spiritul ei de ctre instituiile justiiei este calea ctre reabilitarea statului de drept n Romnia, ctre nsntoirea moral a societii romneti, profund afectat de acest fenomen extrem de periculos, profund nociv pentru ntreaga ar i pentru cetenii ei.

Corruption has reached such a degree of expansion in Romania that can be considered a true national calamity. In the media, corruption scandals appear almost daily on the political class and the business world. Most of the time, the interests of some of the politicians and businessmen meet in various contracts or operations that involve large sums of money. When only the bribery between corrupt people amounts millions of Euros, then there are very serious alarm reasons regarding the frightening dimensions of corruption in Romania. If the people who govern the country, those who deal with businesses, contracts, investments and projects commit such acts of corruption, it means that the national security itself is in danger. A country governed by corrupt people, led by greedy and dishonest businessmen is a country vulnerable to all dangers. The corruption, lately, has created and still creates, outside the country, such a defavourable image for Romania, that our country is considered the most corrupted country in the European Union. Its a humiliating characterization for a country aspiring to the honourable status of European citizen, which is entirely justified through history, culture and civilization. The stigma of corrupted country has negative implications not only upon the external image of Romania in the civilized countries, but also in the way our country is received in the international business environments, by investors and financial institutions.

In these circumstances, the fight against corruption must become a national priority of the Romanian state. Law and justice are the means to fight this negative phenomenon, with adverse effects on the state, society, economy and individuals. The principles that must govern the fight against corruption are: "no one is above the law" and the "rule of law", applied to all citizens, regardless of social, political or economic status. Law enforcement in its letter and spirit by the institutions of justice is the path to the rehabilitation of the rule of law in Romania, to the Romanian society's moral healing, which was deeply affected by this extremely dangerous phenomenon, deeply harmful for the entire country and its citizens.II. Translate into Romanian:

If we look at the external statements and documents emblematic for national integrity system vulnerabilities we can see that the formalism and inconsistency of government decisions, on the one hand, and resignation Romanians, on the other hand, are identified as main causes for the inefficient fight against corruption in Romania. Regarding the passive attitude of the citizens, this was caused by lack of transparency and availability of public institutions to dialogue. The decreasing quality of implementing laws, that ensure transparency of documents and transparency of decision process, as well as the complete absence of innovative initiatives to encourage participation in consultation increases mistrust, suspicions, disappointment and ultimately encourages corruption.

In addition, the climate of legislative inconsistency discourages investment and seriously affects substantial business and European projects, adversely affecting the economy, society and position for in international context in the EU. This climate of normative inconsistency is caused by procedural improvisations in the adoption of fundamental laws such as legal codes, flagrant, repeated and harmful abuse of government accountability procedure for adoption of draft laws, questionable legislative innovations, such as laws implementing the legal codes that are substantially amending legislative texts before their entry into force.

Finally, the large number of regulations adopted under Government accountability suffers not only procedural flaws, but serious content issues, highlighted throughout this report. The period referred to in the report was therefore marked by concentration of Government actions to counter the economic crisis "at any price and in any way" in the shortest time possible, without considering the consequences. Such concern has decreased public confidence in public institutions, with direct and immediate consequence of the depreciation of the whole climate of public integrity. Aggravation of problems reported is felt in each of the measures and sets of measure analyzed.

Moreover, in 2010 Transparency International Romania launched the diagnostic analysis of the National Integrity System where it proves the link between the degree of corruption and indicators such as quality of life, sustainable development and functioning rule of law. As a general analysis, based on studies in recent years, Transparency International Romania considers that this decrease is the result of lack of strategic coordination in the legislative and institutional measures, which led to excessive vulnerabilities in all the pillars of integrity and damaged the credibility of reforms and Romania in general.

According to the Global Corruption Barometer 2010 (BGC) of Transparency International, one of three Romanians recognizes that he paid a bribe in 2010. Over 87% of Romanians believe that corruption has increased in Romania in the last three years and 23% of Romanians recognize that during the last 12 months have paid a bribe at least once. The barometer assesses the extent to which key institutions and public services are perceived as corrupt and identifies the views of citizens on government efforts to fight corruption. Like other reports of Transparency International, the instrument is designed to complement the views of experts on public sector corruption provided by the Corruption Perceptions Index and information about international bribery flows reflected in the Bribe Payers Index. It also aims to provide information on trends in corruption in public perception. Thus, while the Corruption Perceptions index allows a comprehensive picture of corruption and an indirect picture of grand corruption, and societal barometer allows a direct image of small corruption and policies to combat it. (Transparency International: National Integrity System Assessment - Romania).

Dac urmrim declaraiile i documentele externe caracteristice pentru vulnerabilitile sistemului de integritate naional putem s remarcm c formalismul i incoerena deciziilor guvernamentale, pe de o parte, i resemnarea romnilor, pe de alt parte, sunt identificate drept principalele cauze ale ineficienei luptei mpotriva corupiei n Romnia. n ceea ce privete atitudinea pasiv a cetenilor, aceasta a fost determinat de lipsa de transparen i disponibilitate a instituiilor publice spre dialog. Degradarea calitii implementrii legilor care asigur transparena documentelor i transparena procesului decizional, precum i absena complet a iniiativelor inovatoare de ncurajare a participrii la consultare determin creterea nencrederii, suspiciunilor, dezamgirii i ncurajeaz n cele din urm corupia.

n plus, climatul de incoeren legislativ descurajeaz investiiile i afecteaz grav afacerile i proiectele europene, afecteaz n mod negativ economia, societatea i poziia (rii) n context internaional n UE. Acest climat de inconsecven normativ este cauzat de improvizaiile procedurale n adoptarea unor legi fundamentale cum sunt codurile juridice, abuzul flagrant, repetat i duntor in procedura asumrii rspunderii Guvernului pentru adoptarea unor proiecte de lege, inovaii legislative discutabile, cum sunt legile de punere n aplicare a codurilor juridice, care sunt legi de modificare substanial a textelor legislative nainte de intrarea lor n vigoare.

Nu n ultimul rnd, numrul mare de reglementri adoptate prin procedura asumrii rspunderii Guvernului nu sufer numai de vicii procedurale, dar i de serioase probleme de coninut, evideniate pe parcursul prezentului raport. Perioada la care se face referire n raport a fost, prin urmare, marcat de concentrarea aciunilor Guvernului pentru contracararea crizei economice cu orice pre i n orice mod ", n cel mai scurt timp cu putin, fr a ine seama de eventualele consecine. Aceasta a sczut ncrederea cetenilor n instituiile publice, cu consecina direct i imediat a deprecierii ntregului climat de integritate public. Agravarea problemelor semnalate se resimte n fiecare dintre msurile i seturile de msuri analizate.

Mai mult, n 2010 Asociaia Romn pentru Transparen (Transparency International Romania) a lansat analiza diagnostic a Sistemului Naional de Integritate unde se demonstreaz legtura dintre gradul de corupie i indicatori precum calitatea vieii, dezvoltarea durabil i funcionarea statului de drept. Ca o analiz general, pe baza studiilor realizate n ultimii ani, Asociaia Romn pentru Transparen (Transparency International Romania) consider c aceast scdere este rezultatul lipsei de coordonare strategic n privina msurilor legislative i instituionale, ceea ce a condus la vulnerabiliti excesive ale tuturor pilonilor de integritate i deteriorare a credibilitii reformelor i a Romniei n general.

Conform Barometrului Global al Corupiei 2010 (BGC) al Transparency International, unul din trei romni recunoate c a dat mit n 2010. Peste 87% dintre romni cred c nivelul corupiei a crescut n Romnia n ultimii trei ani, iar 23% dintre romni recunosc c n ultimele 12 luni au dat mit cel puin o dat. Barometrul evalueaz msura n care instituiile cheie i serviciile publice sunt percepute ca fiind corupte i identific prerile cetenilor cu privire la eforturile guvernului n lupta de combatere a corupiei. Ca i alte rapoarte ale Transparency International, instrumentul este conceput pentru a completa opiniile experilor asupra corupiei din sectorul public furnizate de catre Indicele de Percepie a Corupiei i informaia despre fluxurile mitei la nivel internaional reflectat n Indicele Pltitorilor de Mit. De asemenea, acesta i propune s ofere informaii cu privire la tendinele corupiei n percepia publicului larg. Astfel, n timp ce Indicele de Percepie a Corupiei permite o imagine global asupra corupiei i o imagine indirect asupra marii corupii, barometrul permite o imagine direct asupra corupiei mici i a politicilor pentru combaterea ei. (Transparency International: Evaluarea Sistemului Naional de Integritate - Romnia)