Timpurile in Limba Engleza

7/25/2019 Timpurile in Limba Engleza

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1. PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE

Forma:

Pronuntare:

s- dupa consoane scurte: He thinks

z-dupa consoane sonore si vocale: He studies

iz-dupa consoane sibilante:she washes

Ortografie:-pesoana a 3-a singular : VERB + S

-persoana a 3-a singular: VERB+ ES pentru verbele care se terina in: s! "!z!sh!ch!tch sau o

She washes

-Verbele terinate in # precedate de o consoana devin i+es

I try, She tries

Intreuintare:

Pre!entu" generi#:

E"pria actiuni generale care au loc intr-un interval de tip nespeci$icat dar include si oentul vorbiri:

The earth mo$es aroun% the Sun.& Pamantu" se in$arte in 'uru" soare"ui.

Pre!entu" sim("u:

E"pria actiuni care sunt obisnuite ! repetate si la care se entioneaza tipul in care se repeta:

I go to s#hoo" e$ery %ay.&Ma %u# "a s#oa"a in fie#are !i

Pre!entu" instantaneu:

%ctiuni care se petrec in totalitate in oentul vorbiriiThe gooa"&)ee(er misses the a"" an% one more goa" is s#ore%.&Portaru" nu (rin%e minge si se mar#hea!a in#a un go".

Fo"osirea (re!entu"ui sim("u #u a"te $a"ori tem(ora"e:

a* (re!entu" #a $a"oare %e $iitor:

-e"priarea datei: Tomorrow is Sun%ay&Miine este %umini#a-redarea unei actiuni plani$icate:I "ea$e mi"ano in Fri%ay.I arri$e in +u#harest at o-#"o#).

Fo"osirea (re!entu"ui #u $a"oare %e $iitor:

-introduse de tip cu :when! be$ore! as soon as:e-"" get home it gets %ar).


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-introduse de conditionale:i$! unless! provided! in case: If it rains on Sun%ay, I-"" re(air my i#y#"e&

/. P0ST TENSE SIMPLE

Forma:

Verbe regulate: verb+ed

Verbe neregulate:e"ista sapte grupe de verbe:

burn-burnt-burnt

learn-learnt-learnt

lend-lent-lentspend-spent-spent

creep-crept-crept

leave-le$t-le$t

bu#-bought-boughtcatch-caught-caught

cast-cast-cast

hit-hit-hit

shut-shut-shut

wet-wet-wet

eet-et-et

hang-hung-hung

win-won-won

sit-sat-sat

ow-owed-owed


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sow-sowed-sowed

swell-swelled-swelled

wear-wore-worn

grow-grew-grown

give-gave-given

write-wrote-written

begin-began-begun

sing-sang-sung

coe-cae-coe

go-went-gone

Intreuintare:

' actiune inceputa si incheiata intr-un oent trecut:

( called hi #esterda#&

' actiune savarsita si incheiata in trecut cand se entioneaza locul de des$asurare

( et hi outside the useu %ctiunea este savarsita si incheiata intrun oent trecut care este precizat ca rezultat al unei intrebari si al unui raspuns la )ast per$ect

Have #ou see this ovie* es ( have! ( saw it last week&

' actiune repetata in trecut case se traduce prin iper$ect in liba roana

( o$ten visited hi- (l vizita adesea

,u valoare de ai ult ca per$ect

( saw hi be$ore he saw e- -a vazut inainte de a a vedea

,u valoare de present cand e"pria o rugainte politicoasa:( wondered i$ #ou could lend e the book-.a intreb daca ii poti ipruuta cartea

,u valoare de viitor in propozitii circustantiale de tip

He told e he would show e the photos when he cae-.i-a spus ca ii va arata $otogra$iile cand va venii&


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. PRESENT PERFE2T


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Forma:

3a$e,has4$er (arti#i(iu tre#ut5forma a treia a $eru"ui sau $er 4e%*(!ou! /e!0he#-have heard a noise

He!She!(t-has heard a noise&

Intreuintare:

)entru a e"pria o actiune nede$inita

( have seen .ar#-% vazut-o pe .ar#

%sociata cu adverbe de tip care e"pria perioade de tip deschise&1toda#! this week! this onth2

(ve been to theatre this week-a $ost la teatru saptaana aceasta

)entru a e"pria o actiune terinate chiar inaintea vorbirii

She has cae&

He 4ust has called&

)entru a e"pria eveniente care au avut loc in trecut dar autorii lor inca e"ista&

Have #ou seen the e"hibition-%i vazut e"pozitia 1e"pozitia este inca deschisa25id #ou see the e"hibition-%i vazut e"pozitia 1e"pozitia este inchisa2

)entru a e"pria o actiune inceputa in trecut care ai continua si in oentul vorbirii&

a2 Se entioneaza lungiea de tip

He has been here $or hal$ an hour&-% $ost aici pentru o 4uatate de ora&b2 Se entioneaza inceputul

He has studied English since the beginning o$ the school new #ear&

c2 ,and e"pria doua actiuni paralele

( have never coe across # $riends since (ve sta#ed in this hotel&

E"pria o actiune caracteristica repetata in trecut! present si poate si in viitor

He has per$ored in public&-( interpretat in public

(n propozitii subordonate de tip sau conditionale&

Ring e up when #ou have $inish&


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6. P0ST PERFE2T SIMPLE

Forma:

3a%4$er (arti#i(iu tre#ut5forma a treia a $eru"ui sau $er 4e%*(!ou!He!She!(t!/e!0he#-had $inished the book be$ore #ou cae&

Intreuintare:

' actiune trecuta! incheiata inaintea unui oent trecut

( had $inished # lesson b# #esterda# 67 oclock&-terinase lectia ieri la ora 67&

' actiune trecuta si terinate inaintea altei actiuni trecute

( had cooked be$ore the rain started

' actiune trecuta si terinate chiar inaintea altei actiuni trecute

( had 4ust got into the classroo! when the bell rang&-0ocai intrase in clasa cand a sunat&

' actiune trecuta si savarsita intr-o perioada de tip anterioara unei alte actiuni trecute cu adverbe de tip gen since! $or&

He had been in the classroo $or two inutes when the teacher cae in&-Era in clasa de doua inute cand pro$esoara a sosit&


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7. S30LL8ILL F9T9RE

Forma:(!/e sha""go to seaside toorrow

ou!He! 0he# wi""go to seaside toorrow&

Intreuintare:

E"pria o actiune viitoare

(n propozitiile subordinate dupa verbele: believe! espect!doubt!assue! hope! wonder! be sure! be a$raid! e"priand opiniile unui vorbitor: ( sure #oull

$eel better toorrow&

8olosit la persoana intai plural si singular pentru a e"pria o intentie nepreeditata:

(ts hot in here! (ll open the window

,u valoare de present habitual:


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Ever# Sunda# the# will go to the seaside

a negativ e"pria re$uzul

( wont go there-9ici nu a gandesc sa a duc acolo

' intrebare:/ill #ou open the e"hibition toorrow-vei deschide e"poztia ine

' invitatie :/ill #ou coe inside! please- Vreti sa intrati va rog

' rugainte: /ill #ou help e-0e rog sa a a4uti

a interogativ! Shall+in$initive e"pria:

Viitorul siplu:Shall ( $ind the at hoe i$ ( go now-% sa-i gasesc acasa daca a duc acu*Solicitarea unei opinii: Shall ( bu# this watch*-Sa cupar acest ceas*

. +E 0+O9T TO 4 INFINITI

/e are about to leave

;. TO +E 4 INFINITI

n aran4aent: ( a to ove soon

n ordin: ou are to return be$ore night$all


9/12

1?. 0SPE2T9L IN LIM+0 EN=LE@0

-verbe de activitate durative :when ( e a: eat! dress! drink! read! walk

-verbe de activitate non-durativa 1e"pria actiuni instantaneea2:catch! kick !hit! sla! snap

-verbe care nu iplica nici un scop: run! walk!

-verbe care iplica un scop: ake a dress! write a essa#! read a book

-verbe care e"pria stari: be clever! be able! know! how! e"ist! live&

%spectul continuu:

8ora: un tip al verbului to be + verb+ing

Present 2ontinuous:( a reading a book- citesc o carte 1acu2

Past 2ontinuous:( was reading a book last night- citea o carte seara trecuta1 nu a terinat-o2

Present Perfe#t 2ontinuous:( have been reading a book $or three hours -citesc o carte de trei ore 1nu a terinat-o2

Past Perfe#t 2ontinuous:( had been reading a book when he arrived-,itea o carte cand el a a4uns

Future 2ontinuous:( will be reading a book at two oclock- voi citii o carte iine la ora ;&

Future Perfe#t 2ontinuous:/hen the bell rings! ( will have read $or $i$t# inutes- ,and va suna clopotelul! eu voi $i citit de


10/12

a& actiune in des$asurare intr-un oent trecut aintita in oentul vorbirii

( was walking at this tie last week&-.a pliba saptaana trecuta pe vreea asta&

11. AI0TE@0

EBem("e:

5iateza activa:

5iateza pasiva:

0his letter has been written b# .aria- %ceasta scrisoare a $ost scrisa de .aria

Be + participiu trecut:

%spectul siplu:

Present: ( a seen! He is seen! /e are seen- Sunt vazutPast: ( was seen&- % $ost vazut


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1/. 2ONC9=0RE0 ER+9L9I 20LL

TIMP9L AI0TE@0 02TI0 AI0TE@0 P0SI0

%spectul siplu %spectul continuu %spectul siplu %spectul continuu

Present ( #a"" e$ery %ay to my

mother

S4

' sun in $iecare zi pe aa

I am #a""ing now&

S4to e (re!ent4$er5infiniti$e*

4ing

Sun acua

I am #a""e% e$ery %ay-

S4to e

(resent4$er5infiniti$e*4e%

Sunt sunat in $iecare zi

I am eing #a""e% now-

Sunt sunat acua

Presentu" (erfe#t I ha$e #a""e% this wee) -

S4ha$e8has4forma $er% sunat toata saptaana

I ha$e een #a""ing for 5sin#e*

three hours-i%em #a P2 %ar stiu#an% a in#e(ut

S4ha$e8has4 een4$4ing

Sun de trei ore

I ha$e een #a""e% two

hours ago-

S4ha$e8has4een4$4e%

% $ost sunat acu trei ore

Past tense I #a""e% you yester%ay-

S4$4e%

0e-a sunat ieri

I was #a""ing at two o-#"o#)

yester%ay&

S4was8were4$4ing

Suna ieri la ora doua

I was #a""e% y Aan-

S4was8were4$4e%

% $ost sunat de 5an

I was eing #a""e% when he

#ames a#)&

S4was8were4eing4$4e%

% $ost sunat cand s-a intorsinapoi

Past Perfe#t Tense

Sim("e

I ha% #a""e% you efore you

#ame a#) home&

0e sunase inainte de a venii

acasa

I ha% een #a""ing you for a ha"f

an hour when you answere% me&

S+had+been+v+ing

0e suna de o 4uatate de ora

cand i-ai raspuns

I ha% een #a""e% y you

efore you #ame-

.ai sunat inainte de a venii

=oing to DIntention I am going to #a"" now&

' sa sun acu

I am going to e #a""ing I am going to e #a""e%&

' sa $iu sunat

Future Tense I sha"" #a""&

Voi suna 1candva nu stiu

cand2

I sha"" e #a""ing for three

minutes when you #ome a#)&nu

se (rea fo"osesteVoi suna de trei inute cand tu vei

venii inapoi

I sha"" e #a""e%&

Voi $i sunat 1candva2

Su'on#ti$ I shou"% #a"" you

S4shou"%4$

0e-as suna

I shou"% e #a""ing you

S4shou"%4$4ing

I shou"% e #a""e%

S4shou"%4e4$4e%

%r trebuii sa $iu sunat


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2on%itiona"u" (resent I wou"% #a""

S4wou"%4$

%s dorii sa te sun

I shou"%8wou"% e #a""ing you

S+should=would+v+ing

I shou"% e #a""e%

2on%itiona"u" tre#ut I shou"% ha$e #a""e% you

S4shou"%4$4e%

%r $i trebuit sa te sun

I shou"% ha$e een #a""ing you I shou"% ha$e een #a""e%&

0r fi treuit sa fi fost sunat

Im(erati$u" Let me #a""

2a""

Let me e #a""ing

+e #a""ing

Let me e #a""e%

0%$erePresent E$ery %ay, et#

9sua""y,sometimes, often,

et#

Now, right now, this moment

Present (erfe#t G a%$ere

Cust, a"rea%y, yetE$er, ne$er

Sin#e, for

So far, re#ent"y,

"ate"y5u"tima $reme*

To%ay, this wee), et#

Sin#e, for

Past tense Hester%ay, "ast wee),month, year

0 wee),month,year ago

0t fi$e o-#"o#)In Canuary, 1>

Timpurile in Limba Engleza

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