o Noua Frontiera

8/18/2019 o Noua Frontiera

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O NOUA FRONTIERA - DE LA INVATAREA ORGANIZATIONALA LAINVATAREA COMUNITARA

Dumitru IACOB, S.N.S.P.A

Cu foart mar !ro"a"i#itat, tma i$%atarii &t u$a 'i$tr (# mai '&i$%o(at &i i$t$& i$%&ti)at tm &tii$tifi( i$ u#tim# (i$(i '($ii. La&far&itu# a$i#or *+ &i i$(!utu# a$i#or + 'i$ &(o#u# tr(ut i$ #um au #o(

!ro(& trm ' i$tr&a$t. Luma & &ta"i#iaa ra#ati%, (/iar 'a(a i$(/ia r"oiu#ui r(. S i$(/i '($ii# ' r(o$&tru(ti !o&t"#i(a. I$%iata &o(ia#a i$tra o )$rati $oua, (u u$ $ou orio$t &i $oi 'ir(tii '(autar &!iritua#a.

Fa!t i$tr&a$t au #o( 01o&, #a 2firu# ir"ii3, i$ firm, i$tr!ri$'ri, i$&o(itati# !ro'u(ti% &i (omr(ia#. D!a&i$' !r&iu$a ra"oiu#ui &i ar(o$&tru(tii, firm# 4 i$tr-o (o$iu$ tot mai %ii"i#a (u m'ii#a(a'mi( 4 ri$$oa'a "u$# !ra(ti(i a# '($ii#or a$t"#i( !ri%i$'i$tr%$tia i$ or)a$iatii &i mo'#ara or)a$iatii#or !$tru a )$ra &i uti#ia&tru(turi f#i"i# &i ratio$a#, (at &i $oi r#atii, (oi%, (u#tura# i$troam$ii 'i$ i$trioru# or)a$iatii#or. S i$tam!#a i$&a (%a $ou. M'iu#traor)a$iatio$a# &t tot mai !uti$ &ta"i#. Or)a$iatii# &u$t !u& u$or tur"u#$t &i r&tri(tii tot mai i$t$&. Va(a"u#aru# ma$a)ria# 'o"a$'&t u$(o$(!t $ou 4 &(/im"ara - A#%i$ Toff#r fii$' !ri$tr !rimii (ar i-au fiati$t#&uri# or)a$iatio$a#. A&a (um &-a o"&r%at i$ !o(a, ra(tiaa'a!tati%a #a &(/im"ar &t (u !uti$ta 'oar 'a(a, i$ (o$ti$uara i$%atariii$'i%i'ua#, or)a$iatia (a atar 'o"a$'&t (a!a(itata ' i$%atar.B$fi(im, i$ #itratura a(a'mi(a auto/to$a ' o tr(r i$ r%i&ta (#ara a

!ri(i!a##or a(umu#ari, ra#iat i$ '($ii# a# &a!t#a, a# o!tu#a &i a#$ou#a a# &(o#u#ui tr(ut, i$ !rimtru# i$%atarii or)a$iatio$a#.567 O %oma%a i$ %'r i$ (# ( urmaa.A(um i$&a %rm &a mar(am u$ a#t !ro(&, af#at #a &tart a(um (i$(i(i 'a$i. Luma !o&t-"#i(a, i&ita 'i$tr-u$ a# 'oi#a ra"oi (o$&i'rat mo$'ia#,

i$r)i&traa, i$ !rimu# ra$' !ri$ Or)a$iatia Natiu$i#or U$it, o !rimaforma ' )#o"a#iar. O )#o"a#iar t$'$tia#a &i !rioritar !o#iti(a, i$$um# (aria i$&a &u$t 'fi$it &i !roi(tatat i$ !rim !#a$u# at$tii !u"#i(2!ro"#m# )#o"a# a# om$irii3 . I$ 68*9, Aur#io P((i, !r&'i$t#(o$(r$u#ui Fiat, fo$'aa 2C#u"u# ' #a Roma3, or)a$iati (ar i&i a&uma000000000000000000000000000000.

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6.Ci&maru, Dia$a-Maria 5:+6;7, Antreprenoriatul si invatarea organizationala:caracteristici in cazul start-up-urilor , i$ %o#. Antreprenoriat si performanta in afaceri5(oor'o$ator Dia$a-Maria Ci&maru7, Bu(ur&ti, Comu$i(ar.ro, !!.68-;;

'ia)$oa mo'#u#ui )#o"a# ' (i%i#iati !#a$tara. I$ 68+, &t !u"#i(ata

!rima 'ia)$oa, 2Limit# (r&tri3< mo'#u# ' (i%i#iati &t fu$'am$ta#ro$at< traim !ri$ (o$&um ' r&ur& $r)$ra"i#< !o#uara '%i$ir%r&i"i#a, iar '(/i#i"r# 'i$tr !#oia 'mo)rafi(a &i r&ur&# %itii&u$t tot mai )ra%. Li!&a (or(tii#or &trat)i(, &-a &!u& atu$(i, %a )$ra, i$(i$(i(i ' a$i, (o#a!&u# !#a$ti0I$ )$r, & &ti ( a urmat0 A(um %rm &a ami$tim o trm ' i$tr&a$ta r!#i(a i$ tim!, 'ata

!rimu#ui ra!ort (atr 2C#u"u# ' #a Roma3 52Limit# (r&trii37, r!#i(a!#i(ita, ra#iata #a !&t 'oua(i ' a$i ' #a mom$tu# !rimu#ui ra!ort,' (atr o (/i!a mu#ti$atio$a#a 'i$ (ar a fa(ut !art &i u$ )a$'itor roma$,

Mir(a Ma#ita. D#o( i$tam!#ator, ra!ortu# &-a $umit 2Orio$tu# fara #imita# i$%atarii3. V$i& %rma i$%atarii0 #a $i%# )#o"a#, iar i$%atara &im!u$ 'r!t &i$)ura r&ur&a i$!uia"i#a. Cr(u# !ara (a ti$' &a &i$(/i'a. P#(ata ' #a 03firu# ir"ii3, 'i$ or)a$iatii, i$%atara '%i$ o

!ro"#ma a0 tuturor &i, !oat i$ai$t ' toat, o !ro"#ma a (omu$itati#or.C &-a i$tam!#at &i ( & i$tam!#a ' fa!t= Ru!tura i&tori(a ' #a &far&itu# a$i#or 9+ &i !o&t- ra"oiu# r( '&(/i''rumu# i$t)rari#or r)io$a#, #i"raa &i &timu#a fort# ' a'a$(im a#)#o"a#iarii 5i$ !rimu# ra$' (o$omia ' !iata &i !iata )#o"a#a7. Au tr(ut

!&t 'oua '($ii ' #a mom$tu# ru!turii. Ci $a&(uti i$ a$ii ru!turii &u$t

a&tai maturi< o $oua )$rati i$tra i$ %iata &o(ia#a. Ci ti$ri i$ a$iiru!turii, &u$t a&tai maturi &i-&i a&uma ro#uri &m$ifi(ati% ' 'iri)uir&o(ia#a. I$tr-u$ f#, & r!ta &ituatia ' a(um (i$(i '($ii, (a$', rami$tim,or)a$iatii# &i-au a&umat !ro%o(ari# &(/im"arii )$ra$' &trat)ii 'i$%atar or)a$iatio$a#a. A&tai, i$tr-a #um o"&'ata ' (om!titi%itat ,&u$t tot mai i$t$& i$ro)atii# &i !ro(u!ari# !ri%i$' (a!a(itata '

!rforma$ta atat a i$'i%ii#or, 'ar &i a or)a$iatii#or, &i 4mai $ou 4a(omu$itati#or. I$ o!i$ia $oa&tra, $ af#am i$ mom$t# ' i$(!ut a# u$ui

!ro(& (om!# &i ' 'urata, !ro(&u# tr(rii ' #a i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a

#a i$%atara (omu$itara. Natura#, i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a $u '%i$'&uta &i $u-&i %a fi !uiat ti$t#. Pur &i &im!#u, (r'm $oi, i$%ataraor)a$iatio$a#a %a fi (o$ti$uata, im"o)atita &i '%o#tata !ri$ i$%atara(omu$itara. Mai mu#t, &t ' a&t!tat (a (# 'oua !ro(& ' i$%atar,i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a &i i$%atara (omu$itara, &a & !ot$t &i &a &&!ri1i$ r(i!ro(.

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S!ri1i$i$'u-& ! a(&t !r&u!oitii &i i!ot, i$ (# ( urmaa %omi$(r(a &a '(u!am 'i$ &u"&ta$ta i'ati(a &i mto'o#o)i(a a i$%atariior)a$iatio$a# &ituatii# ' i$%atar !ri$ (ar !oat fi arti(u#ata %ro&imi#i$%atara (omu$itara. P a(a&ta "aa, %om i$(r(a &a i$'$tifi(am 'ir(tii#' (autar i$ 'fi$ira !ra(ti(a a i$%atarii (omu$itar, &u!ortu# !i&tmi( &i(o$tt# a(&tia.

6. I$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a 4 !r&u!oitii &i mo'# (ar !ot fi ' fo#o& !$tru i$tmira i$%atarii (omu$itar

Du!a (um &-a &!u& ' mu#ta %rm , i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a &t 2u$ !ro(& !ri$ (ar "aa ' (u$oa&tr &i ' %a#ori a u$i or)a$iatii &&(/im"a, a%a$' 'r!t (o$&(i$ta o im"u$atatir a a"i#itatii ' a ro#%a

!ro"#m &i a (a!a(itatii ' a(tiu$3 567 I$ (/i! a&ma$ator, !ri$ t$&i&ma$ti(a , ima)i$am i$%atara (omu$itara 'r!t !ro(&u# !ri$ (ar(omu$itati# %a#orifi(a !ri$t# (u#tura# !ro!rii &i a# a#tor (omu$itati,fii$' i$ ma&ura &a )$r (om!rtam$t (omu$itar !rforma$t, i$mu$(a &i i$ (tat.Di$ &tart, !utm o"&r%a 'oua $ot (omu$ a# (#or 'oua !ro(& 'i$%atar. Atat i$ i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a (at &i i$ i$%atara (omu$itara&uma (u$o&ti$t#or o"it$ut i$ fi$a#u# !ro(&u#ui &t mai mar '(at &uma(u$o&ti$t#or i$'i%i'ua#. A#tf# &!u&, i$ am"# !ro(& & )$raa

%a#oar $oua, %a#oar a'au)ata. D a&m$a, am"# !ro(& fa( (u !uti$tai$%atara !ri$ i$tra(tiu$a 'i$tr mm"rii or)a$iatii#or, r&!(ti%(omu$itati#or.P#(a$' ' #a a(&t 'oua 'fi$itii 5 u$a, (a a i$%atarii or)a$iatio$a#,

!r#uata 'i$ i&toria !ro"#mi, (a#a#ta, (a a i$%atarii (omu$itar, (o$&truita(u tit#u ' !rima i!ota7 %om i$(r(a, a&a (um am a$u$tat mai &u&, &ai'$tifi(am, i$ i$trioru# mo'##or (#a&i( ' i$%atar or)a$iatio$a#a, i'i&i !r&u!oitii, (/iar !ara'i)m, (ar !ot fi ' fo#o& !$tru i$tmirai$%atarii (omu$itar.

a7 Cunostinte implicite si cunostinte explicite. U$u# 'i$tr (# mai (u$o&(ut, mai '& i$%o(at &i (/iar fr(%$t uti#iatmo'# ' i$%atar or)a$iatio$a#a &t mo'#u# &!ira#i (u$o&ti$t#or,#a"orat, #a i$(!utu# a$i#or 8+, ' (atr No$a>a &i Ta>u(/i5:7.000000000000000000000000000000. .6.Pro"&t,G., Bu(/#, B., Organizational Learning: The competitive advantage of the future, Pr$ti$( ?a##, N@ r&@, 688, !6;, apud Dia$a Ci&maru, o!.(it.,!.:6

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2. I. Nonaka, H. Takeuchi (1995), The Knowledge-Creating Co!an"#How $a!ane%eCo!anie% Create the &"naic% o' Innoation,New ork, *+'ord nier%it" re%%, !!.-/9

I$ &$ta, mo'#u# &!ira#i (u$o&ti$t#or ar i$ %'r (o$%r&ia

(u$o&ti$t#or i$'i%i'ua# i$ (u$o&ti$t or)a$iatio$a#, !ri$ tra$&formara(u$o&ti$t#or ta(it i$ (u$o&ti$t !#i(it. Mai (o$(rt, !ro(&u# ' i$%ataror)a$iatio$a#a (u!ri$' u$ a$&am"#u , arti(u#at i$ &!ira#a, ' ta! &ia(ti%itati< i$ #i$ii mari, a(&ta &u$t socializarea 5 oam$ii &u$t '!oitariiu$or (o$&ti$t (o$(rt< &t (u$o&tra &!o$ta$a< !ri$ i$tra(tiu$, !ri$&o(ia#iar , oam$ii (o$&trui&( &i a&uma r!r$tari &i mo'# m$tata#(omu$ (ar rama$ i$&a im!#i(it7< externalizarea 5 (u$o&ti$t# &u$tforma#iat, !ot fi i$r)i&trat forma#, !ot fi ar/i%at< &$tia# ai(i &tma(a$i&mu# !ri$ (ar oam$ii &u$t03'&(ar(ati 2 ' (u$o&ti$t, &u$t a1utati

&a !#i(it 2#(tii# i$%atat7< combinarea 5 (u$o&ti$t# i$'i%i'ua#tr$a#iat &u$t (om"i$at &i &tru(turat i$tr-o forma $oua, mai #&$ '(omu$i(at &i ' a&umat7< internalizarea 5 $oi# (u$o&ti$t, ru#tat 'i$(om"i$ar, &u$t 'i$ $ou i$tr$a#iat !ri$ a(tiu$< !ri$ a(a&ta, o &!ira#a ai$%atarii or)a$iatio$a# & i$(/i, '&(/ia$'u-& 'rum !$tru o &!ira#a$oua 7.I$ o!i$ia $oa&tra, (o$(!t# ' 2(u$o&ti$t im!#i(it3 r&!(ti% 2(u$o&ti$t!#i(it3 &u$t uti# &i "i$%$it i$ (o$&tru(tia i$%atarii (omu$itar.A&ma$ator or)a$iatii#or, &i i$ (omu$itati oam$ii )$raa, !otri%it!ri$t#or (oti'i$, r!r$tari &i (u$o&ti$t &!o$ta$. E&t ' "a$auit

(a !ro(&u# &t mai (om!#, i$ (o$'itii# u$ui rfr$tia# mu#t mai #ar).Toto'ata, &t ' a&t!tat (a !ro(&u# &a fi mu#t mai 'ifu< i$ ra!ort (uor)a$iatii#, i$tra(tiu$i# 'i$tr oam$i &u$t mai a" &i i$ mai mi(ama&ura 'ir(t< ' r)u#a, i$tra(tiu$i# &u$t m'iat, u$ m'iator a(ti% fii$'ma&& m'ia. Ori(um, '&i i$%atara (omu$itara & a$u$ta a fi mai (om!#a&i 'ifua, (u$o&ti$t# im!#i(it )$rat i$ (omu$itati &u$t (o$&i&t$t &i&m$ifi(ati% mai a#& i$ &ituatii (u )ra' ri'i(at ' r#%a$ta &o(ia#a &ii&tori(a 4 &(/im"ari &o(ia# ra'i(a#, rform )#o"a# &i &(toria#, (o$f#i(t&i (ri.

"7 2 urnalistul de cunostinte3I$ mo'#u# &!ira#i (u$o&ti$t#or, i$ (o$%r&ia (u$o&ti$t#or im!#i(it i$(u$o&ti$t !#i(it u$ ro# &$tia# ra#iaa, i$ or)a$iatii, 21ur$a#i&tu# '(u$o&ti$t3. A(&ta &t u$ &!(ia#i&t i$ t/$o#o)ii# ' #u(ru a# firmi, u$&!(ia#i&t i$ (omu$i(ar i$tr!r&o$a#a, u$ "u$ o"&r%ator, a%a$' (a!a(itata' a &i&tmatia &i ' a (o$&trui, 'i$ 'ta#ii# (u$o&ti$t#or i$'i%i'ua#,


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a$a#o)ii, i!ot &i mo'# !ri%i$' a(tiu$a 'ira"i#a &i fi(i$ta i$i$trioru# or)a$iatii#or.Da(a, !otri%it i!oti a$trioar, (u$o&ti$t# im!#i(it &i (u$o&ti$t#!#i(it, r&!(ti% (o$%r&ia (#or im!#i(it i$ (u$o&ti$t !#i(it(o$&titui 4 toat a(&ta- o !r$ta fira&(a &i $(&ara i$ (omu$itati,atu$(i ro#u# 21ur$a#i&ti#or ' (u$o&ti$t3 'i$ ora$iatii tr"ui r!#i(at,

!roi(tat &i a&i)urat i$ (omu$itati. Numai (a, &t ' a&t!tat, !ro(&u# &tmu#t mai (om!# &i 'ifi(i#, i$ !rimu# ra$' 'i$ (aua (r&trii i$(om!#itat a rfr$tia#u#ui a%ut i$ %'r. S !ot i$%$taria a(tori &i&ituatii (ar (o$tri"ui, !ro"a"i# 'oar &(%$tia#, #a (o$%r&ia (o$o&ti$t#or (omu$itar im!#i(it i$ (u$o&ti$t !#i(it , (um ar fi , ' m!#u,a$a#i# (ar urmaa &i %a#ori(a &o$'a1 (om!# ' o!i$, &tu'ii&o(io#o)i( ' tr$, #u(rari a(a'mi( ' i&tori r($ta &.a.I$&a, r!tam, (o$%r&ia &t ra#iata 'oar &(%$tia# &i 'i&(o$ti$uu. Dr!t

urmar, &o(itata, (o$&tru(tia (omu$itara "$fi(iaa i$ mi(a ma&ura ' or&ur&a &trat)i(a &m$ifi(ati%a - !ri$ta (omu$itara, i$ai$t ' toat 'i$(aua #i!&i &!(ia#i&ti#i#or i$ (o$%r&ia (u$o&ti$t#or. I$ o!i$ia $oa&tra,

!utm ima)i$a, (u tit#u ' i!ota, !ro(&u# ' fu$'am$tar a(a'mi(a, 'formar &i ' uti#iar &o(ia#a a &!(ia#i&ti#or i$ i$%atar (omu$itara. S-ar fu$'am$ta o !rof&i $oua, 'ar, i$ai$t ' toat, &-ar '&(/i' a((&u# &!ru$ i%or $&(at ' (r&tr (omu$itara.

(7 !secul " context si combustie ale invatarii

U$ a#t mo'# ' i$%atar or)a$iatio$a#a '& i$%o(at &t (# !ri%i$'i$%atara ' ti! single-loop 5"u(#a &im!#a&i$)ura &au i$%atara (u u$ &i$)ur (ir(uitf' - "a(>7 &i i$%atara ' ti! double-loop 5"u(#a 'u"#a &au i$%atarai$ (ir(uit 'u"#u, (u f'-"a(> 'u"#u7, mo'# #a"orat ' (atr Ar)@ri& &iS(/o$ 567I$ &$ta, i$%atara 2i$ "u(#a &im!#a3 ar #o( i$ (o$'itii ' &(/im"ar#imitata, (u f'-"a(> ra!i' &i (#ar< !rmit a1u&tari ' or'i$ ta(ti( &i 4 fr(%$t- &t i$(ar(ata ' i#uia auto&ufi(i$ti, ' i'ia )$rarii u$or rtt &i)ur ' &u((&. D fa!t, ra&!u$u$' a'(%at u$or rori ' !ar(ur&,or)a$iatia 'o%'&t (a!a(itata ' a rama$ &ta"i#a, i$ (o$'itii# i$ (ar

mi&iu$a &i r)u#i# ' #u(ru, $orm# ' (om!ortam$tt or)a$iatio$a#rama$ $&(/im"at. I$%atara i$ 2"u(#a 'u"#a3 &t mu#t mai (om!#a, &t (rati%a &i fa( (u

!uti$ta )$rara u$or &trat)ii $oi ' (r&tr or)a$iatio$a#a.00000000000000000000000000000


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6. 0rg"ri%, C., chon, &. (193), Oganizational Learning: a Theory of ActionPerspecpetive, 0ddi%on-4e%le", eading,6a%achu%et%%, apud&iana-6aria Ci%aru. Op.cit ., !.2

A(a&ta & i$tam!#a atu$(i (a$' !r&iu$a tur"u#$ta #a (ar &t &u!u&aor)a$iatia &t trm ' ri'i(ata. Si$)ura a(tiu$ i$t#i)$ta ! (ar o !otfa( (o$'u(atoriima$a)rii &t a(a ' a a'mit &i ' a-&i a&uma(o$f#i(tu# 'i$tr $ou# (o$tt or)a$iatio$a# &i $orm# ' #u(ru &i '(om!ortam$t a# or)a$iatii. E&t !rimu# (ir(uit a# i$%atarii, i$(/iat !ri$

!rimu# f'-"a(>. La !rima %'r, or)a$iatia & i$'ra!ta &!r &(,$maifii$' (a!a"i#a &a-&i (o$ti$u, i$ $oi# (o$'itii, 'rumu#. E&(u# $u &ti$&a ima$$t. S-a i$(/i& 'oar u$ 'rum, %(/iu# 'rum.Co$'u(atoriima$a)rii %or '&(/i' u$ 'rum $ou, !ri$ r!roi(tara

$orm#or ' #u(ru &i, i$ u#tima i$&ta$ta, !ri$ r!roi(tara i$tr)iior)a$iatii. Su$tm i$ (# '-a# 'oi#a (ir(uit a# i$%atarii, iar a# 'oi#a f'- "a(> & !ro'u( atu$(i (a$' $oi# $orm &u$t a&umat &i !ra(ti(at ' (atrmm"rii or)a$iatii. Dr!t urmar, (o$'u(atoriima$a)rii '%i$ a)$ti aii$%atarii or)a$iatio$a#. Pro(&u# & ria ' (at ori &t $%oi.Sm$ifi(ati%, i$ &$&u# 'i&(utii $oa&tr, &t (a i$ i$trioru# i$%atarii i$3"u(#a &im!#a3 , ma$a)rii &u$t !uti$ a$tr$ati !$tru a & (o$fru$ta (u&(u#, i$ tim! ( i$ &ituatii# ' i$%atar i$ 2"u(#a 'u"#a3 !rim$tara&(u#ui &i )&tio$ara a(&tuia (o$&titui u$ i$)r'i$t $atura#, fa!t (ar

!oat fi trm ' fo#o&itor i$ i$%atara (omu$itara. Cum %om %'a, &i %om

i$(r(a &a ar)um$tam, )&tio$ara a'(%ata a &(u#ui, 'ar &i a &u((&u#ui,%or fi (om!o$$t &trat)i( a# i$%atarii (omu$itar.

'7 #nvatarea ca produs cultural I$ fi$a#, rti$m, fo#o&i$' a(a&i &ur&a 567, 'i&(utia !ri%i$' $i%#uri#i$%atarii or)a$iatio$a# 5 $i%#u# 2(3'fi$itii< trm$i ' rfri$ta< $i%#u#2(um3 !ro('uri, !ra(ti(i< $i%#u# 2ar tr"ui3$orm, r(oma$'ari7, (at &i&tru(turara &tu'ii#or 'i$ a(a&ta ori$tar i$ 'oua !r&!(ti%, !r&!(ti%at/$i(a 5 i$%atara &t !ro(&ar ' i$formati &i !oat fi )&tio$ata !ri$

2ma$a)m$tu# (u$oa&trii37 &i !r&!(ti%a &o(ia#a, !otri%it (aria mm"riior)a$iatii )$raa (u$oa&tr $oua !ri$ (a!a(itata #or ' a i$tr!rata !ro!ria !ri$ta ' #u(ru, atat !ri$ta !#i(ita (at &i (a im!#i(ita,ta(ita. A!ro!ira ' mo'#u# &!ira#i (u$o&ti$t#or &t %i'$ta &i !oat fifo#o&itoar. Di$ !u$(tu# $o&tru ' %'r, &t ' rti$ut a'u(ra i$ !rim

!#a$ a i$%atarii (a !ro'u& (u#tura#, !ri$ (o$(!ra i$%atarii $u $umai (a

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!ro(& (o)$iti% 5!ro(&ara i$formatii#or7, (i mai a#& (a i$tra(tiu$m$ta#a !rma$$ta 'i$tr i$'i%ii.0000000000000000000000000000001. Ci%aru, &iana-6aria, Op.cit., !.27

Pra(ti( &t (u !uti$ta &i #u(raa f(ti% (a (, mtafori( %or"i$', am !uta $umi u$ 2(rir (o#(ti%3. C%a a&ma$ator ar tr"ui &a & i$tam!# &ii$ &ituatii# ' i$%atar (omu$itara0

:. I$%atara (omu$itara 4 'ifi(u#tati, i$tro)atii, !ro"#m &i 'ir(tii '(autar

A&a (um a$ti(i!am, i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a !oat ofri i'i, (o$(!t,mto' &i mo'# (ar, !ri$ a'(%ar #a $ou# (o$tt, !ot ofri #m$t# '&tart i$ 'fi$ira &i o!ratio$a#iara i$%atarii (omu$itar. Pro(&u# (u!ri$'i$&a 'ifi(u#tati 'i$tr (# mai mari. Rmar(am '1a, !rima &i (a maiim!orta$ta &ur&a ' 'ifi(u#tati i$ %a#orifi(ara a(umu#ari#or i&t$t i$i$%atara or)a$iatio$a#a 'ri%a 'i$ (om!#itata mu#t mai mar a(omu$itati#or i$ ra!ort (u or)a$iatii#, 'i$ i&t$ta u$or (o$tururi(omu$itar 'ifu, 'i$ i$trfr$t# trm ' i$t$& i$tr (omu$itati (ar& &u!ra!u$ &i 'i$ !r(aritati# a)r)ari#or &i i$tra(tiu$i#or (omu$itar.

Dr!t urmar, i$ (# ( urmaa, $u %a fi (u !uti$ta '(at formu#ara u$or i$tr"ari &i ra&!u$&uri !r#imi$ar, i$ tmiu# (arora %or !uta fi &(/itat'ir(tii# ' (autar !$tru 'fi$ira i$%atarii (omu$itar. Dfi$ira (a atara i$%atarii (omu$itar &i u$ !rim &trat ' o!ratio$a#iar mto'o#o)i(a aa(&taia %or (u !uti$ta !ri$tr-u$ 'mr& ' &i$ &tatator.

a$ Comunitatile " o problema de tipologie si de relationare.La 'im$&iu$a 'mr&u#ui ' fata, %om rti$ 'oar ti!uri# mari 'a)ra)ar (omu$itara. Fir&t, i$ai$t ' toat tr"ui a%ut i$ %'rcomunitatile de proximitate, &!atia#itata fii$t !rimu# itm ' 'fi$ir a

!roimitatii. I$ tim! &i i$ #uma ' ai (omu$itati# ' !roimitat #u(raa'r!t forta &i forma ' a)ra)ar a oam$i#or i$ (tat 5 ora&u#,(artiru#,&atu#, (omu$a, raio$u#, ti$utu#, r)iu$a7. Toto'ata, & im!u$ at$tiicomunitatile culturale, ' o mar 'i%r&itat. Ai(i & i$(#u' comunitatile

profesionale 5a&o(iatii &i u$iu$i !rof&io$a#, 'i&ti$(t !ri$ $atura !rof&ii-m'i(i, !rof&ori, a%o(ati &.a.m.'.< !ri$ 'om$iu# mu$(ii 4 a)ri(u#tori,mi$ri t(.< !ri$ &atutu# &o(ia# a# mu$(ii 5&i$'i(at7, (at &i mu#ti!#


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comunitati ideologice 5!o#iti( &i r#i)ioa&7. E%i'$t, toat a(&t(omu$itati au &i !rima o (u#tura &!(ifi(a, (u %a#ori &i (om!ortam$t'i&ti$(t. I$ a(#a&i tim!, (omu$itati# ' !roimitat 'o"a$'&( o (u#tura&!(ifi(a 5(ar !oat fi atat t$o-(u#tura, (at &i 2(u#tura #o(a#a33&!iritu##o(u#ui37. I$ u#tima i$&ta$ta, toat (omu$itati# i$trfraa ra#ia$' r#atii' (o-i&t$ta, (a ( &t mai (ura$' $atura#, &i ' (o-%o#uti, (a (

!oat fi fu$'am$ta#. I$ o!i$ia $oa&tra, u$a 'i$tr (o$'itii# (ar fa( (u !uti$ta i$%atara (omu$itara &i 'trmi$a 'ir(t &u((&u# a(&tia &t (o-%o#utia (omu$itara. E&t u$ !ri$(i!iu &trat)i(, i$ tmiu# (aruia(omu$itat# i&i &!ri1i$a &i i&i !ot$taa r(i!ro( %o#utia, (r&tra. Natura#,

!ro(&u# &t i$ &i$ 'ifi(i# &i &t, mto'o#o)i(, trm ' (om!#.Difi(i# &u$t 't(tara tuturor (omu$itati#or r#%at, 't(tara &ii$t#)ra r#atii#or &m$ifi(ati% 'i$tr a(&ta, (at &i a ra!orturi#or 'i$tra)ra)ari# (omu$itar i$ (ar oam$ii &u$t (u!ri$&i &i macro-comunitatile

contractuale 5 &tatu# &i or)a$iatii# ' mu$(a7

b$ Comunitati in retele inteligente. %odul - un spatiu al invatarii

O &urmo$tar a 'ifi(u#tatii &m$a#at a$trior !ri%i$' i$t#)ra r#atii#or 'i$tr (omu$itati &t (u !uti$ta !#(a$' ' #a o o"&r%ati &im!#a(omu$itati# fa( !art 'i$ rt# (omu$itar, !ro!ritati# rt# i$f#u$ta$'mo'u# i$ (ar (omu$itati# & !oitio$aa &i & '%o#ta.A&a (um am a%ut !ri#1u# &a rmar(am, 567 mtafora !i&tmi( a R#i,im!u$ 'i&ti$(ia 'i$tr $o'uri Hi o(/iuri. $ Ra, !utra, J$ toat

&$&uri# a(&tia 4 !utra mi$ii, a "a$i#or, a !mK$tu#ui Hi a "u$uri#or 4 &af# (o$($trata mai a#& J$ $o'uri, J$ ($tr# a(ti% a# R#i 5oraH, "$(i, fa"ri(i !rforma$t, u$i%r&iti, (Km!uri ' $r)i 4 )rK$, )a Hi !tro#7< $o'uri# &u$t #)at !ri$ 'rumuri< i&t$a 'rumuri#or &t %ita# !$tru (, !ri$ #, &t (u !uti$ a((&u# (tr !utra '!oitat J$ $o'uri<&$ia# J$ Ra &u$t $o'uri# Hi 'rumuri# 5"rt## ' ra7< J$tr $o'uriHi 'rumuri & af# o(/iuri a# r#i< J$ o(/iuri# R#i totu# &t mai !a#i'<ritmuri# &u$t mai #$t.I$ &$, trim, $oi &i (omu$itati# ' a!art$$ta, J$ Rta, $ '%o#tm,(rHtm J$ Ra. Fora $oa&tr ' (rHtr &t 'trmi$at ' (a#itata

R#i (ar $ (ur!ri$', ' mo'u# J$ (ar &u$tm !oiio$ai J$ Ra, J$$o'uri, J$ "ra# &au J$ o(/iuri# R#i, Hi ' (a!a(itata $oa&tr ' a)&tio$a a'(%at !ot$ia#u# ' (rHtr a# R#i. Oam$ii, )ru!uri# Hi (omu$iti# i&t Hi &u$t i$f#u$tai &imu#ta$ ' maimu#t R#. Toat !ot fi r# ' a!art$$t. S!r !i#', oam$ii &u$t i$i$(#u&i J$tr-o ra (omu$itara ' !roimitat 5&at,(omu$, oraH07, J$tr-ora !rof&io$a#, J$tr-o ra (i%i(, !o#iti( H.a.m.'. E&$ia# &t

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(o$&o$a$a Hi (o$%r)$a r##or. $tr-u$ a&m$a (a, mai (ura$' i'a#,fora ' (r&tr a r##or ' a!art$$t & mu#ti!#i(a Hi & !ot$tar(i!ro(. Dar, r!tm, (au# &t mai (urK$' i'a#.1..Iaco8,6aria Iaco8,&uitru (2:1:), Fondul si forma.O povesteculturala, ;ucure%ti,Tritonic, !!.219-22:

$ ra#itat., r## ' a!art$$ !ot fi io#at J$tr # &au (/iar (o$tra'i(torii. $tr-o a&m$a &ituai, /otrKtoar '%i$ (a!a(iti#,'(iii# Hi a(iu$i# !ri$ (ar &u$t mi$imiat 'i%r)$# &i &u$tmaimiat (o$%r)$# 'i$tr r## ' a!art$$. E&t o &trat)i 'i$%atar (omu$itara, ' )&tio$ar i$t#i)$ta a r##or ' a!art$$.Su$t ' rti$ut, i$ o!i$ia $oa&tra,'i$ (# ' mai &u&, 'oua i'i (ar !ot(o$&tru 'ir(tii ' (autar oam$ii &i (omu$itati# a#(atui&( rt#(omu$itar, rt# (ar #u(raa !rforma$t 'oar i$ (o$'itii ' (o$%r)$ta

(omu$itara< toto'ata, i$ i$trioru# rt##or, $o'u# ' rta (o$($traar&ur&# &trat)i( a# (omu$itati#. Dr!t urmar, 'a(a i$%atara(omu$itara ar fi (u !uti$ta, !ro(&u# ar tr"ui '(#a$&at &i ra#iat i$ marma&ura i$ $o'uri ' rta.

c$ nvatatorii comunitari' " cine ar putea fi, ce ar trebui sa stie si ce ar

trebui sa faca(

La toat (# tri i$tr"ari formu#at mai &u& &t, %i'$t, )ru ' ra&!u$&.Pot fi fa(ut, i$&a ,o"&r%atii, &i !ot fi arti(u#at !r&u!oitii &i 'ir(tii '(autar. Sa #uam i$tr"ari# ! ra$'.Cine ar putea fi' invatatorii comunitari'( Primu# )a$' mr) (atr #i'rii' o!i$i 'i$ (omu$itati &a (atr (i i$(#u&i i$ mo' o"i&$uit i$ (at)oria2$ota"i#itati#or3 5 i$%atatorii 4i$ &$& )$ri(- 'i$ &(o#i< !roti!r#ati<(tat$i (u !romi$$ta &o(ia#a, !r$ti i$ (o$&i#ii #o(a# &.a.7. D fa!t, (ia%uti i$ %'r ra#iaa de facto i$ (omu$itati o fu$(ti ' i$%atar(omu$itara. Numai (a, (u foart mar !ro"a"i#itat, a(a&ta fu$(ti &tra#iata &(%$tia# &i 'i&(o$ti$uu. Da(a i$&a i$%atara (omu$itara ar fia&umata &o(ia# &i &-ar !rof&io$a#ia, ar fi ' a&t!tat (a u$ii 'i$tr (i(u!ri$&i i$ !rof&ii# ' mai &u& &a-&i a&um &i $oua !rof&i, !ra(ti(ata, (#

mai !ro"a"i#, !ri$ 2&im"ioa3 (u !rof&ia '1a i&t$ta.Ce ar trebui sa stie' invatatorii comunitari'( Cu mar !ro"a"i#itat, o !o&i"i#a (urri(u#a !$tru formara i$%atatori#or (omu$itari ar tr"i &a(u!ri$'a mo'u# (o$&i&t$t ' !&i/o#o)i &o(ia#a &i &o(io#o)i ' tr$, 'i&tori (u#tura#a, ' (omu$i(ar i$tr!r&o$a#a, i$&titutio$a#a &i(omu$itara.I$ &$ta, i$%atatorii (omu$itari ar tr"ui &a a(umu# &i &a

!ro" (om!t$t &i (a!a(itati !ri%i$' i$t#)ra i$ !rofu$im a &tari#or

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tr(ut &i !r$t a# (omu$itati#or &i a# rt#or (omu$itar, a !roi(t#or 'ira"i#, a &tarii ' &!irit a oam$i#or 'i$ mi(ro(omu$itati. E&$tia#a ar fi,toto'ata, (a!a(itata 'ia#o)u#ui !u"#i(.Ce ar trebui sa faca &invatatorii comunitari'( Ai(i ra&!u$&u# !oat fiformu#at mai tra$&a$t. Ar tr"ui &a fa(a (a ( fa( 21ur$a#i&tii ' (u$o&ti$t3i$ or)a$iatii. Ar tr"ui &a !oata 't(ta (om!ortam$t# (omu$itar,form# ' &o(ia#iar &!o$ta$a 'i$ (omu$itati &i #i'rii ' o!i$i 'i$ mi(ro-(omu$itati, &a !oata (a!ta, i$r)i&tra (u$o&ti$t# ta(it, im!#i(it, &a !oata&i&tmatia (u$o&ti$t !#i(it, &a !oat (o$&trui &i !romo%a 4 ! a(a&ta

"aa- m&a1 !u"#i( !ri%i$' r&ur&# (r&trii &i a# !rforma$ti(omu$itar.I$ fi$a#u# i$tr"ari#or '1a formu#at, i$(a 'oua i$tr"ari, (u ra&!u$& foart'ifi(i#.Cine si-ar putea asuma si cum ar putea fi institutionalizata invatarea

comunitara( La a(&t $i%# a# a$a#ii &i (u tit#u ' i!ota, !ara'oa#,ra&!u$&u#, (# !uti$ #a !rima %'r, &t &im!#u. I$&ta$ta (ar &t i$ ma&ura&a-&i a&um i$&titutio$a#iara i$%atarii (omu$itar $u !oat fi a#ta '(at(omu$itata. A%m i$ %'r rt## (omu$itati#or ' a!art$$ta 4 (artir,ora&, &at, (omu$a, !a$a #a r)iu$i# ' '%o#tar - (u toata i$(ar(atura(u#tura#a a a(&tora. I$&titutio$a#iara &-ar ra#ia !ri$ #), $u(#u# &aufii$' (o$&truit, i$ !ri$(i!a#, !ri$tr-o 2i$t#)r (omu$itara3 i$tr &(o#i5&tat7&i "i&ri(i(u#t r#i)ioa&. P tr$, i$ &at, ora& &i (omu$ &-ar (o$&titui ,i$tr-u$ mo' 'fi$it !ri$ #), &tru(turi ' i$%atar (omu$itaraCum ar putea fi formati &invatatorii comunitari'(

Su" rr%a '%o#tari#or u#trioar, (# mai !ro"a"i# ra&!u$& trimit (atr u$ !ro)ram a(a'mi( '$i%# ma&tra#, ra#iat i$ (otut#a(o$&ortiu ' (atr fa(u#tati '(omu$i(ar, &o(io#o)i, !&i/o#o)i, &tii$t a# 'u(atii, &tii$t mi#itar,a&i&t$ta &o(ia#a, to#o)i.

d$ O ipoteza ce s-ar putea transforma intr-un proiect " scoala, nucleu al

platformelor comunitare de invatare.

I$ fi$a#u# 'mr&u#ui $o&tru, %om i$(r(a &a %a#ori(am o a#ta 'i&ti$(timto'o#o)i(a (ar o!raa i$ (am!u# i$%atarii or)a$iatio$a# 567. E&t

%or"a '&!r 'i&ti$(tia 'i$tr invatarea organizationala !ro!riu-i&a 5(ua(($t, am ruma a(um, a&u!ra i$%atarii (a !ro(& i$ or)a$iatii7 &iorganizatia care invata 5 (u a(($t a&u!ra &tru(turii &i a&u!ra &(/im"ari#or ' (#imat &i (u#tura i$ or)a$iatii7. I$ (/i! a!roa! a&ma$ator, (o$&i'ram(a !oat ' fo#o& 'i&ti$(tia 'i$tr invatarea comunitara 5(a !ro(& 'i$%atar 7 &i comunitati de invatare.000000000000000000000000000000...

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1. Ci%aru, &iana-6aria, Op.cit., !!.29-7:

Nua$ta $ou a%uta i$ %'r &t u$a &im!#a. 2Comu$itati# (ar i$%ata3,&ituati ' i$%atar (o$&truita !ri$ a$a#o)i (u or)a$iatii# (ar i$%ata, !otfi &i %or fi a%ut i$ %'r, i$ 'mr&uri u#trioar, (u a(#a&i a(($t &!r&tru(tura, &!r (#imatu# &i (u#tura i$%atarii. Co$(!tu# 2(omu$itati#or 'i$%atar3, ! (ar i# !ro!u$m a(um, '&(/i', i$ o!i$ia $oa&tra, o

!r&!(ti%a $oua &i fa( (u !uti$ta (o$($trara 'i&(utii !ri%i$' i$%atara(omu$itara a&u!ra &!atiu#ui tra'itio$a# a# i$%atarii - &(oa#a.S(oa#a, i$ &$& )$ri(, i$(#ua$'u-& ai(i, i$ !rimu# ra$', i$%atama$tu# !r-u$i%r&itar, 'ar &i i$%atama$tu# u$i%&itar, !oat (o$&titui $u(#u# u$or

platforme comunitare de invatare. I$ (a'ru# !#atformi, &(oa#a ar fi #)ata,(o$tra(tua# &i fu$(tio$a#, ' a'mi$i&tratia !u"#i(a #o(a#a, ' firm &i(om!a$ii, ' a#t i$&titutii (u#tura#, ' i$&titutii# ' a&i&t$ta &o(ia#a &i 'ONG-uri (u mi&iu$ (omu$itara. I$ a(&t mo', i$%atama$tu# ar '%$ia!#i(ati%, ar fi #i"rat ' &ti)matu# #i!&i ' #)atura (u %iata, (/imia, fii(a,matmati(a &i toat (##a#t &tii$t $-ar fi i$%atat 'oar #a ta"#a &i,%$tua#,i$ #a"orator, "u)t# &-ar )$ra (omu$itar, o fra(ti 'i$ "u)tu# fi(ari$titati (omu$itar ar i$tra i$ "u)tu# 'u(atii, iar mu#t a&t!tata rforma a'u(atii &i i$%atama$tu#ui &-ar ra#ia !ri$ fortu# )#o"a# &i i$t)rat a#(omu$itati#or.Da(a i'a ' mai &u& ar !uta i$tmia u$ !roi(t ' '%o#tar(omu$itara, !roi(tu# 4ori(a$' !o&i"i# 4 ar tr"ui & & '&fa&oar &u" tut#a&im"o#i(a a (#ui (ar a ra#iat !rima rforma !rofu$'a a i$%atama$tu#ui i$Roma$ia mo'r$a 4 S!iru ?art.

Bi"#io)rafi 0rg"ri%, C., chon, &. (193), Oganizational Learning: aTheory of Action Perspecpetive, 0ddi%on-4e%le",

eading,6a%achu%et%% Ci&maru, Dia$a-Maria 5:+6;7, Antreprenoriatul si invatareaorganizationala: caracteristici in cazul start-up-urilor , i$ %o#.

Antreprenoriat si performanta in afaceri 5(oor'o$ator Dia$a-MariaCi&maru7, Bu(ur&ti, Comu$i(ar.ro Iaco8,6aria Iaco8,&uitru (2:1:), Fondul si forma.O

poveste culturala, ;ucure%ti,Tritonic

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Iaco8, &uitru (2:1), A new frontier fromorganizational lerning to community learning, in !nnovationand organizational learning ( editor% &iana-6aria Ci%aru,Cri%tina

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