Engleza_curs.pdf

8/14/2019 Engleza_curs.pdf

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SCOPUL UNITII DE CURSScopul general al cursului este de a mbunti deprinderile de limbenglezale cursanilor i de a-i

pregti n perspectiva folosirii limbii engleze n viitoarea lor profesie.

OBIECTIVELE CURSULUI: consolidarea, perfecionarea i dezvoltarea deprinderilor generale de limbenglez; dezvoltarea deprinderilor cursanilor de a-i evalua i ameliora performana lingvistic.

EVALUAREA CURSANILOR:

- rspunsurile la colocviu 70 %Stabilirea notei finale (procentaje)

- teme de control (prezentate la tutoriale) 30 %Lista materialelor didactice necesare Manual

STIMAI CURSANI,

Acest manual a fost conceput special pentru dumneavoastrn urma unui proces de selectare i adaptarea unor materiale existente, pentru a rspunde cerinelor dumneavoastr specifice. El este mai mult dect ocolecie de texte i de activiti destinate exersrii deprinderilor de comunicare n limba englez, deoarece elpoate fi folosit ca un instrument de lucru. Dat fiind specificul nvmntului deschis i la distan, manualulurmrete ndeosebi dezvoltarea deprinderilor de citire i scriere n paralel cu dezvoltarea competenei de folosirecorecti adecvata limbii engleze.

Temele au fost selectate n concordan cu specialitatea pe care o studiai. n acest sens, exerciiile devocabular trateazfondul lexical specific disciplinei psihologie. Exerciiile de gramaticvdau posibilitatea de arecapitula i consolida principalele probleme gramaticale ale limbii engleze. Evaluarea modului n care aiefectuat exerciiile o putei face prin consultarea cheii prezentate la sfritul manualului.

Complexitatea materialului selectat vpregtete pentru cerinele examenului de licen, care se situeazn parametrii examenului internaional Cambridge First Certificate.

Temele de la seciunile 2, 3, 5, 6 semnalate prin simbolul , i de ctre denumirea Tutor-AssessedTasks trebuie trimise prin potla adresa tutorelui, n termenul anunat la prima ntlnire tutorial. Prima dintreaceste teme (din seciunea 2) va fi expediatcu cel puin 10 zile nainte de primul tutorial n aa fel nct tutoreleso poat citi i discuta cu dumneavoastr la aceast ntlnire. Notele obinute la cele 4 teme din semestrul I

constituie 30% din nota finalobinutla colocviu.VDORIM SUCCES!

Autorii mulumesc Nadinei Cehan pentru ajutorul primit la editarea acestui suport de curs.


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READING DIGEST 1: TAKING A BREAK

E X E R C I S E 1 . 1

Read the following articles:

I CAN'T TRAVEL WITHOUTWhat are the things you can't do without when you go away?

A. Patrick Lichfield,the photographer, never goes far without the Olympus Pearlcorder dictating machine which lets

him catch up with his correspondence wherever he is. The tiny tapes are either posted to his secretary,Felicity, or he gives them to someone to bring back. The quality is very good but there are often someinteresting background noises.

B. Mel Calman,the cartoonist, jokes about filling his suitcase with tranquillisers and three different kinds of

toothbrushes after recent, expensive dental treatment, but it is his diary and sketch-book that are always

with him when he is on the move. I don't keep a diary except when I'm away. I start a new one each tripnow since I lost irreplaceable notes on two previous trips on a bus in the States.

C. Richard Branson,who launched Virgin Atlantic airways, believes in travelling light. Suntan lotion for my nose and

my notebooks which are my lifeline. But I will always sling in a pack of cards. I love a game of cards,particularly bridge, canasta or spades, but I'm not a gambler.

D. Barry Norman,the film critic, never travels anywhere without his credit card. The days of anyone being

stranded abroad are now over. I remember once, before credit cards were common, the Daily Mail sentme to Italy at a moment's notice. It was a bank holiday, I had no money and the banks were shut. There

I was in Milan on a beautiful sunny day sitting in my hotel because it was the only place I could eat ordrink because I could sign for it.

E. Frank Muir,the TV scriptwriter and humorist, never sets off on a journey without packing his Swiss army

penknife. It does everything, he says. It has about 140 things that come out. It opens bottles, getsthings out of horses hooves, it has scissors, screwdrivers, tweezers. I never go anywhere without it andI have never used it.

(fromThe Sunday Express Magazine)


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ANCA CEHANTEFAN COLIBABA

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E X E R C I S E 1 . 2

Choose from the five sections (A - E) to answer the first five questions and write the letters in

the boxes. Then answer the last two questions freely, stating your own opinion.

Who likes to take as little luggage as possible? 1.Who likes to keep a record of his travels? 2.Who takes something he hasn't tested? 3.Which two people seem to take their work with them when they travel? 4. 5.Which two people take something to avoid bad experiences they've had? 6. 7.Who takes the strangest thing, in your opinion?

Who takes the most useful thing, in your opinion?

GRAMMAR DIGEST 1:THE VERB BE:AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS;SUBJECT PRONOUNS

INTRODUCTIONS

Read these introductions:

1. Hello. My name is Monique. I'm French. I'm from Paris.2. I'm Chen. I'm Chinese. I'm from Beijing.

3. I'm Fernando and this is Isabel. We are married. We are Colombian. We're from Bogot.4. Hi. I'm Rodica. I'm Romanian. I'm from Sibiu.

Look at Monique's information card. Then complete the introduction card about yourself.

Information Card

Name: Monique DelandeCountry: FranceCity: ParisNationality: FrenchAge: 28 years oldMarried/Divorced/Single: Single

Information Card

Name: ______________Country: ______________City: ______________Nationality: ______________Age: ______________Married/Divorced/Single: ______________

My name is ______________.I am from ______________.

I'm ______________.I'm ______________ years old.I'm ______________.


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FOCUS 1:BE:AFFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS

subject verb be

MoniqueSheParis

issingle.from Paris.in France.

singular

Fernando and IsabelThey

areColombian.married.

plural

Examples: Rodica is from Sibiu.Isabel is twenty-four years old.He is from the Peoples Republic of China.They are married.

E X E R C I S E 1 . 1

Fill in the blanks with isor are.

Example: The students are19 years old.1. Yumiko _______________ Japanese.2.

Rosa _______________ 35 years old.3. The engineer _______________ Japanese.4. Yumiko and Rosa _______________ 35.5. The teacher _______________ Hispanic.

E X E R C I S E 1 . 2

Fill the blanks with the verb beor a name.1. Rodica ______is_______ from Romania.2. Isabel _______________ twenty-four years old.3. _______________ is from the People's Republic of China.4. Monique _______________ twenty-eight years old.5. _______________ are married.6. Chen _______________ twenty-five years old.7. Rodica _______________ divorced.8. Fernando and Isabel _______________ Colombian.9. Monique _______________ from France.10. Sibiu _______________ in Romania.


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E X E R C I S E 1 . 3

Read this information:

My name is Juan. I'm Julia. My name is Rosa. I'm Yumiko.I'm from Mexico. I'm German. I'm Puerto Rican. I'm from Japan.I am 19. I'm 19. I'm 35 years old. I'm 35.I'm single. I'm single. I'm divorced. I'm married.I'm a student. I'm a student. I am a teacher. I'm an engineer.

Now put these sentences in the correct order.

Example: are/Juan and Rosa/Hispanic. Juan and Rosa are Hispanic.1. divorced/is/Rosa ______________________________2. Yumiko/Japanese/is ______________________________3. are/single/Juan and Julia ______________________________4. 35/the engineer/is ______________________________5. is/the German/a student ______________________________6. from Puerto Rico/the teacher/is ______________________________7. Juan and Julia/19 years old/are ______________________________8. a student/is/the Mexican ______________________________9. Asian/Yumiko/is ______________________________10.are/single/the students ______________________________

E X E R C I S E 1 . 4

Fill in the blanks with isor areand the continents or regions.Continents and Regions

Europe Africa The CaribbeanCentral America North America South AmericaAsia The Middle East

1. Japan ______is_______ in _____Asia______.2. The Dominican Republic _______________ in _______________.3. Senegal and Nigeria _______________ in _______________.4. Honduras and El Salvador _______________ in _______________.5. Peru and Ecuador _______________ in _______________.6. Bangladesh _______________ in _______________.7. Israel _______________ in _______________.8. Canada _______________ in _______________.9. Italy and Greece _______________ in _______________.

Now write two sentences of your own.10. _____________________________________________.11. _____________________________________________.


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FOCUS 2:SUBJECT PRONOUNS WITH BE

subject pronoun verb beI am single.You are married.HeSheIt

is Brazilian.

WeYouThey

are from Korea.

E X E R C I S E 1 . 5

Replace the noun phrase with a subject pronoun.

Example: Julia is German. She is a student.

1. Julia is from Europe. _______________ is German.2. Juan and Julia are 19 years old. _______________ are single.3. Rosa is from Puerto Rico. _______________ is a teacher.4. The student is 19 years old. _______________ is Mexican.5. Japan is a country. _______________ is in Asia.6. My name is Yumiko. _______________ am Japanese.7. You and I are from Asia. _______________ are Asians.8. Mexico is a country. _______________ is in North America.9. Juan is from Mexico. _______________ is single.10.Rosa is a teacher. _______________ is divorced.

E X E R C I S E 1 . 6The subject pronouns in the sentences below are not correct. Underline the incorrect pronouns

and write the correct sentences in the blanks.

1. Miyuki and Seung are from Asia. You are Asian. They are Asian.2. John is thirty years old. She is from Cyprus. ____________3. You and Hamid are Algerian. They are from Algiers. ____________4. Port-au-Prince is in Haiti. She is the capital city. ____________5. Clemente and I are from Rome. They are Italian. ____________6. Pedro and Miguel are from Puebla. You are Mexican. ____________7. Ayelet and Amir are from Tel Aviv. We are Israeli. ____________


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E X E R C I S E 1 . 7

Read the dialogues. Fill in the blanks with a subject pronoun.

Example: We are from the Dominican Republic.

1. A: _______________ are from Wellington.B: _______________ are from New Zealand. How interesting!

2. A: _______________ is Finnish.B: Yes, _______________ is from Helsinki.

3. A: _______________ are from Argentina.B: I know. _______________ are students in our class.

4. A: _______________ is from Berlin.B: Oh, _______________ is German.

5. A: _______________ are Nigerian.B: _______________ are far from home!

6 A: _______________ am from Florence.B: Oh, _______________ are Italian.

FOCUS 3:CONTRACTIONS WITH BE

subject pronoun + be becontractions

I amYou areHe isShe isIt isWe areYou areThey are

Romanian.

ImYoureHesShesItsWereYoureTheyre

from Romania.

E X E R C I S E 1 . 8

Think about the people and places in this unit. Match the people and places on the left with aletter on the right. Use the name in the first statement and the subject pronoun and becontraction in thesecond statement.

Example: Rodica is Romanian. She is divorced.


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1. Rodica a. in Colombia/the capital _______________________2. Japan b. Colombian/married _______________________3. Chen c. Romanian/divorced _______________________4. Fernando and Isabel d. an Island/in the Caribbean _______________________5. Monique e. Chinese/twenty-five years old _______________________6. Moscow f. an island/in the Pacific Ocean _______________________7. Bogot g. in Russia/the capital _______________________8. Haiti h. French/from Paris _______________________

E X E R C I S E 1 . 9

Rewrite the sentence using contractions (subject pronoun + be)

Example: Juan is Hispanic. Hes Hispanic.

1. Julia and Juan are single. ______________________________2. Julia is a student. ______________________________3. Rosa is from Puerto Rico. ______________________________4. Yumiko is an engineer from Japan. ______________________________5. Mexico and The United States are in North America. _________________________6. My name is Julia. I am European. ______________________________7. Julia and I are students. ______________________________8. Julia and Rosa are single. ______________________________9. Yumiko is 35 years old. ______________________________10.Juan is a student from Mexico. ______________________________

E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 0

Draw a line from the famous people on the left to the country they come from on the right. Fill inthe nationality column on the right.

Example: Madonna is from the United States. Shes American.

Famous People Country Nationality

1.

Madonna France 1. American----2. Sophia Loren South Africa 2. _______________3. Arnold Schwarzenegger The United States 3. _______________4. The Rolling Stones Great Britain 4. _______________5. Steffi Graf Austria 5. _______________6. Michael Jordan Germany 6. _______________7. Luciano Pavarotti Brazil 7. _______________8. Catherine Deneuve Italy 8. _______________9. Pele 9. _______________10.Nelson Mandela 10. ______________


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FOCUS 4:INTRODUCTIONS AND GREETINGS

INTRODUCTIONS

examples explanations

Hello. My names Mario Ortiz. Im from thePhilippines.Hi! Im Jennifer Brown. Im from Florida. Please callme Jenny.

Introducing yourself.

Susan: Hello, John. This is Mario Ortiz. Hes fromthe Philippines.John: Hi, Mario. Nice to meet you.

Mario: Nice to meet you too, John.

Introducing another person.

Jeff: Hi, my name is Jeff Jones. Im from California.What is your name?

Alicia: Alicia Torres.Jeff: Where are you from, Alicia?

Alicia: Im from Chile.Jeff: Oh, really? Nice to meet you.

Meeting someone for the first time.

GREETINGS


Ms. Chen: Good morning, Mr. Brown.Mr. Brown: Good morning, Ms. Chen. How are youtoday?Ms. Chen: Im fine, thank you. How are you?

Bill: Hello, John. Hows everything?John: Fine, thanks, Bill. And how are you?

Jake: Hi, Yoshi. How are you doing?Yoshi: O.K., Jake. How about you?Jake: Not bad.

Greetings can be formal or informal (veryfriendly).Formal

Informal

Hello, Ms. Smith.NOT*Hello, Ms. Susan Smith.*Hello, Ms. Susan.

Use a title (Mr., Ms., Ms., Dr.,Professor) with afamily name (last name), not with the full name,not with the first name.


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E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 1

Fill in the blanks in the conversation.

Example: Susan:Im Susan Wilson from New York.My name isJim. Im from California.

1. Fred:Hello, Im Fred.Phillippe:_______________, Fred. _______________ Phillippe.

2. Lilik:Hi! Im Lilik. _______________?Demos:My name is Demos.Lilik:_______________ ?Demos:Greece. _______________?Lilik:Im from Indonesia.

3. Michael:Hi, Gregg. _______________ Jane?Gregg:Hello, Jane. _______________?Jane:Fine, thanks. _______________?Gregg:Great!

E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 2

Asking personal questionsHere are some advertisements from the newspaper. Match the questions below to the correct

advertisers (1 4)

A. Are you single? Are you lonely? Are you ready to meet someone?Call 1-800-555-LOVE

B. Is English hard for you? Are verbs difficult? Are you unhappy about your pronunciation?Enroll now! Call 555-4433

C. Are you sad? Are you nervous? Are you worried?

Call 555-HELPD. Are you overweight? Are you out of shape? Is your body weak?

Call now! 555-SLIM

1. Dr. Friend, Psychiatrist _______2. The Lonely Hearts Dating Service _______3. New Body Health Club _______4. The Cool School of English _______


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FOCUS 5:BE:YES/NOQUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS

yes/noquestions short answersaffirmative negative contractions

Am I overweight? you are. you are not.youre not.

Are you nervous? I am. Im not.Is he/she lonely? he/she is. he/she is not.Is English difficult? it is. it isnt.

its not.Are we out of shape? you are. you arent.

youre not.Are you single? we are. we arent.

were not.Are verbs difficult?

Yes,

they are.

No,

they arent.theyre not.

E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 3

Read the conversations. Fill in the blanks with yes/noquestions or short answers.

1. A: Hello, this is the New Body Health Club.B: Hello. _______________ you open on Sunday?A: Yes, _______________. Were open from seven in the morning until ten at night.

2. Mitch: Hello, my name is Mitch Brown. _______________ you Karen Jones?Karen: Yes, _______________.Mitch: I got your telephone number from the Lonely Hearts Dating Service. How are you,

Karen?Karen: Fine, thanks. And you?Mitch: Not bad, thanks. _______________ free tonight?Karen: No, Im sorry, _______________. How about tomorrow?

Mitch: Great!3. A: Hello, is this Dr. Friends office?

B: Yes, _______________.A: _______________ Dr. Friend busy? I need to speak to him.B: Just a minute, please.


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E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 4

Fill in the blanks below. Then choose the correct answer to the puzzle.Guess the Place(1) _______________ this place in Europe?Yes, it (2) _______________.Is (3) _______________ in Switzerland?Not, it (4) _______________.(5) _______________ it in France?(6) _______________, it is.(7) _______________ it a museum?Yes, (8) _______________ is.Is it (9) _______________ Paris?

Yes, it (10) _______________.Is it (11) _______________?

(the Hermitage?, the Louvre?)

Guess Who I AmAm I female?No, (12)_______________ arent.Am (13) _______________ an actor?(14) _______________, you arent.(15) _______________ I a singer?No, you (16)_______________.Am (17) _______________ an athlete?(18) _______________ you are.Am I (19) _______________ soccer player?

Yes, you (20) _______________.(21) _______________ I from Brazil?Yes, you are.Am I (22) _______________?

(Pele?, Shaq?)

Guess the Famous People

Are (23) _______________ from the U.S?No, (24) _______________ not.

(25) _______________ we from Great Britain?Yes, (26) _______________ are.Are (27) _______________ part of the royal family?(28) _______________, you are.Are we (29) _______________.

(Charles and Diana?, Romeo and Juliet?)

FOCUS 6:BE+ADJECTIVE


Dr. Friend is busy.The health club is open.Verbs are difficult.

An adjective describes a person, place, or thing.Adjectives can come after the verb be.

They are excellent.NOT*They are excellents.

Do not put s and the adjective when the subjectis plural (more than one).

The classes are verygood.Verymakes the adjective stronger. Verycomesbefore an adjective.


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E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 5

Mark Heller is single and lonely. He wants a girlfriend. He puts this advertisement in the

newspaper. Fill in the blanks with amor are. Use contractions where possible.(1) __Im__________ 28 years old. (2) I _______________ 1.78 tall. (3) I _______________

single. (4) I _______________ handsome and athletic. (5) I _______________ romantic. (6) I_______________ (negative) shy. (7) _______________ you under 30? (8) _______________ youtall? (9) _______________ you outgoing? (10) _______________ ready for marriage? Then call me:(0720) 555-7954

E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 6Write five sentences describing yourself. Use the list of adjectivesto help you.busyangryhappythinathleticorganizednervous

excellentenergeticbeautifulmessyfrightenedinterestinghomesick

sickfunnypoorrichshyshorthandsome

healthyoverweightseriousintelligentoutgoingtalkativefriendly

uglystrongweakloudquietneatlonely

youngtallsadnoisytiredcalmold

Example: I am outgoing.

1. ____________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________

Using the same list, write five sentences about your family.

Example: My parents are happy.

1. ____________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________

Using the same list, write five sentences about someone else you know.

Example: My room mate is athletic.

1. ____________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________


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E X E R C I S E 1 . 1 7

Write a complete sentence describing the following nouns. Use an adjective before each noun.Example: your favorite sport: Soccer is an exciting sport.

1. your favorite sport: ________________________________________2. your favorite type of music: ________________________________________3. your favorite dessert: ________________________________________4. your friend: ________________________________________5. your favorite book: ________________________________________6. your job: ________________________________________7. your boss: ________________________________________8. your country: ________________________________________


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READING DIGEST 2: ITS ALL IN THE MIND

E X E R C I S E 2 . 1

You are going to read an article about the brain and intelligence. Before you read, answer thefollowing questions.

1. What is 'intelligence'?2. Is an 'intelligent' person someone who:

is good at passing exams?is imaginative?gets what she/he wants in life?understands new ideas quickly?has a good memory?

deals with people well?is sensible?reads a lot?is good at crosswords?

E X E R C I S E 2 . 2

The following words all appear in the article. Match each one with its correct definition on theright.

1. brain a) a natural form of sugar found in fruit

2. myth b) the bone of your head which encloses your brain

3. IQ c) a measure of how clever someone is

4. skull d) a tool with a narrow blade at one end, used to put screws intosomething or remove them

5. addicted e) the organ in the top part of your head which controls thought,feeling and physical activity

6. glucose f) instructions for cooking a particular dish

7. screwdriver g) a false story which many people may believe

8. mental h) unable to stop taking or using something

9. recipe i) concerned with the brain or thinking


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E X E R C I S E 2 . 3

Read the article quickly and decide which one of the following subjects it does notrefer to:

a) improving your brain power b) men and womenc) psychological illness d) brain weighte) old age f) the physical needs of the brain

THE MIND MACHINE

(0 __E___)Although intelligence has been studied, and the brain has been studied, there is little

understanding of how the brain works to produce intelligence. This has something to do with the factthat the brain contains around 100 billion cells (about the number of stars in the Milky Way).

(1 __________)One of the continuing myths about the relationship between intelligence and the brain is that thebrains of very clever people are somehow physically different from those of ordinary people. At thebeginning of the century an American scientist called E.A Spitzka produced a list of the weights of thebrains of important, well-known men. The heaviest brain on the list was that of Turgenev, the Russiannovelist, at 2000 grams. However, the brain of another great genius, Walt Whitman, weighed only 1282grams.

(2 __________)There are no significant differences between the intelligence levels of males and females.

However, girls under seven score a little higher than boys in IQ tests and the highest IQ recorded is that

of Marylin von Savant at 230. However, men and women do differ in the way they think. Generally,women are more skilled verbally and men do better on visual-spatial tasks.

Interestingly, the fibres which join the two halves of the brain have been found to be larger inwomen than in men. This supports the theory that women can change from practical to emotionalthinking more quickly than men.

(3 __________)People with mental problems have often been treated extremely badly. Two hundred years ago,

the mentally ill were swung around in revolving chairs, or holes were drilled in their skulls to release evilspirits. From the 1930s, the mentally ill were subjected to electric shock therapy and lobotomy - theremoval of part of their brain. In the 1960s and 70s, thousands of people were given drugs to cope withanxiety and then became addicted to them.

(4 __________)The brain needs ten times as much blood as other organs of the body, as it can't store glucose

for later use. This is different to muscles and other organs and although the adult brain makes up onlytwo per cent of the body weight, its oxygen consumption is twenty per cent of the body's total.

(5 __________)There are similarities between brains and computers. Computers can do complicated

calculations at incredible speeds. But they work in a fixed way, because they can't make memory

associations. If we need a screwdriver and there isn't one, we will think laterally and use a knife or coininstead. Computers can't do this. In fact, it is claimed that when it comes to seeing, moving and reactingto stimuli, no computer can compete with even the brain power of a fly.


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(6 __________)Most of our mental processes are deeply formed habits. Challenging your brain to do things

differently helps it develop. Try changing routines as often as you can: take a bus instead of going bycar, sit in a different chair. An extreme but useful exercise is to read something upside down - you canactually feel your brain at work.

Exercise more. Good health and fitness levels give you overall improved energy which leads tobetter concentration.Cooking is a good all-round mental exercise. It needs mathematical, organisational and

scientific skills as well as challenging memory and creative ability. Use recipes at first and then learn toguess amounts, combinations, reactions of ingredients and timing.

Do puzzles and play games. Teach yourself to work out codes and expand your vocabulary atthe same time.

E X E R C I S E 2 . 4

Read the article again and choose the most suitable heading from the list below for eachnumbered part of the article. The first one has been done for you.

A. A horrifying history B. Bloodthirsty

C. Is bigger better? D. Make your brain work

E. How much do we know? F. The battle of the sexes

G. The super computer

E X E R C I S E 2 . 5

Make a note of two things you did not know before reading the article which you found interesting.


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GRAMMAR DIGEST 2:BE:NEGATIVE STATEMENTS AND CONTRACTIONSWH-QUESTIONS;IT

FOCUS 1:BE:NEGATIVE STATEMENTS AND CONTRACTIONS

negative statement contraction ofsubject + be

contraction ofbe+ not

I am not shy. Im not shy.You are not old. Youre not old. You arent old.

HeSheIt

is not ready. HesShesIts

not ready. HeSheIt

isnt ready

WeYouThey

are not nervous.WereYoureTheyre

not nervous.WeYouThey

arent nervous.

Note: The contraction of be followed by not (hes not) makes a negative statement strangerthan a negative contraction (heisnt).

E X E R C I S E 2 . 1

Complete each dialogue with an affirmative or a negative statement and an adjective from thelist below.

Adjectives:

delicious smart ugly beautiful selfish mean

1. Ann:Im short. I (a) _______________ fat. I (b) _______________ ugly.Marilyn:No, you (c) _______________. You (d) _______________, Ann!

2. Woman:This dinner is terrible! Im sorry.Guest:No, it (a) _______________. Its (b) _______________!

3. Mike:Sam, I (a) _______________ nervous about this test. I (b) _______________ stupid, Sam!Sam:No, you (c) _______________.Mike:You (d) _______________! Your average is 98!

4. Sally:You know, Jill, Im in love with Jack. He (a) _______________ kind and generous.Jill:Kind and generous??? No, he (b) _______________. He _______________.

5. Salesperson:That dress is perfect is you.Customer:Perfect? Oh no, it (a) _______________. It (b) _______________.


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E X E R C I S E 2 . 2

Using the same list of adjectives as in exercise 1.15, write five negative statements aboutyourself.

Example: Im not organized.

1. ____________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________3. ____________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________

E X E R C I S E 2 . 3

Using the same list of adjectives, write five negative statementsabout people you know. Twoof these sentences should be about two or more people.

Example: Maria and Paul arent talkative.

1. ____________________________________________________________2. ____________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________4. ____________________________________________________________5. ____________________________________________________________

E X E R C I S E 2 . 4

Write your own personal advertisement for the newspaper or write one for a friend who issingle.

Example: My name is ________.

Im (2) _______________. (nationality)Im (3) _______________ years old.Im (4) _______________. (adjective)Im (5) _______________. (adjective)And Im (6) _______________. (adjective)Are you (7) _______________? (adjective)Are you (8) _______________? (adjective)

PLEASE CALL ME!


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E X E R C I S E 2 . 5

Wh-questions words with be

Test your world knowledge: Match the questions with the answers.

questions answers

1. Whats the Amazon? a. the Pope2. Where is the Kremlin? b. Its a river.3. Who is the head of the Catholic Church? c. Its 12:00 noon.4. How is the weather in Argentina in June? d. About 4,700 years old5. Where are the Himalayas? e. In Moscow.6. When is Thanksgiving in the United States? f. Its cold.7. Its 9 a.m. in California. What time is it in NewYork?

g. North America, South America, Africa,Asia, Australia, Europe, and Antarctica.

8. How old are the Pyramids in Egypt? h. Because it is Independence Day.9. What are the names of the seven continents? i. The last Thursday in November.10. Why is July 4thspecial in the United States? j. In India, Nepal and Tibet.

FOCUS 2:WH-QUESTIONS WORDS WITH BE

Wh- question words are: what, where, who, when, how, what time, how old, and why. Use Wh-

questions words to ask for specific information.

question wordbe subject answer meaning

What iss

the Amazon? a river THING

Where are the Himalayas? in India, Nepal, orTibet

PLACE

Who iss

the head of the CatholicChurch?

the Pope PEOPLE

How is

s

the weather in Argentina

in June?

Its cold. CONDITIONS

When iss

Thanksgiving in theUnited States?

the last Thursday inNovember

TIME

What time is it in New York? Its 12:00. TIME ON A CLOCK

How old are the Pyramids in Egypt? about 4,700 years old AGE

Why iss

July 4thspecial in theUnited States?

because it isIndependence Day

REASON


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E X E R C I S E 2 . 6

Fill in the blanks with one of these wh-question words: what, where, how, howold, whattime,and why.

questions answers1. How oldis the Great Wall of China? About 2,200 years old2. _______________ are the authors of this

coursebook?Anca Cehan and Stefan Colibaba

3. _______________ Morocco? In Africa4. _______________ is the weather in the summer

in Washington, D.C.?Its hot.

5. _______________ is the capital of Belgium? Brussels6. _______________ is the first day of summer? June 21st7. Its 10 a.m. in Boston. _______________ is it

Paris?Its 4:00 p.m.

8. _______________ is Independence Day inFrance?

July 14th

9. _______________ are you in this class? To learn English.10._______________ are the Nile and the

Mississippi?Rivers

E X E R C I S E 2 . 7

Match the question in Column A to the answer in Column B. Write the letter in the blank on theleft.

A B__d___________________________

__________________

1. Whats your name?2. Where are you from?3. Where is Istanbul?4. Whats your nationality?5. How old are you?6. Whens your birthday?7. Why are you here?8. How are you?

a. October 17th.b. Im Turkish.c. To study English.d. Mehmet.e. Its in Turkey.f. Twenty-five.g. Fine, thanks.h. Istanbul.

E X E R C I S E 2 . 8

Write questions with wh-question words for these answers.

1. What time is it?______________________________Its 10:15 right now.


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2. _____________________________________________Its Monday.

3. _____________________________________________My name is Berta.

4. _____________________________________________Im twenty-five years old.

5. _____________________________________________My birthday is on July 15th.

6. _____________________________________________Im Mexican.

7. _____________________________________________My hometown is Mexico City.

8. _____________________________________________My family is in Mexico City.

9. _____________________________________________The weather in Mexico City is hot.

10. _____________________________________________I am here to study English.

E X E R C I S E 2 . 9

Complete the story with the correct Wh-question word and the correct form of be. The first onehas been done for you as an example.

Monte: Welcome to The 64-Cent Question, the game show where we ask easy questions and thecontestants can win up to 64 cents. Im your host, Monte Money, and our two contestantstonight are Feliz Happy and Sandy Beach. How areyou tonight, Feliz?

Feliz: Im just happy to be here, Monte.

Monte: Great, and (1) _______________ you, Sandy?Sandy: Fine, thank you, Monte.Monte: Great, now lets begin tonights game. The first question is for you, Feliz. (2)

_______________ the capital of the United States?Feliz: Washington, D.C.Monte: Right! Now, for you, Sandy, (3) _______________ the director of the movie E.T.?Sandy: Steven Spielberg.Monte: Great! Now Feliz, (4) _______________ plants green?Feliz: Because they contain chlorophyll.Monte: Youve got it. Sandy, (5) _______________ old _______________ the Great Pyramids in

Egypt?

Sandy: About 4,700 years old.Monte: Correct! Feliz, (6) _______________ the first day of spring?


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Feliz: March 21st.Monte: Right again! Now, Sandy, (7) _______________ Leonardo da Vincis painting, the Mona

Lisa?Sandy: In the Louvre in Paris.Monte: Yes! For you, Feliz, (8) _______________ 7 x 8?

Feliz: 56.Monte: Youre right again. Sandy, (9) _______________ the author of Tom Sawyer?Sandy: Mark Twain.Monte: Feliz, (10) _______________ the statue of Liberty located?Feliz: In New York.Monte: Finally, for you Sandy, the last question. (11) _______________ Thanksgiving celebrated in

the United States?Sandy: On the third Thursday in November.Monte: Amazing, folks! We have a tie! Well, tune in next week for The 64-CentQuestion.

FOCUS 3:USING ITTO TALK ABOUT THE WEATHER

questions answers

ItssunnyItshot

summer.

ItscoldItssnowy

winter.

ItscloudyItsrainy

spring.

Hows the weather in New York?

ItswindyItscool

in the

fall.

Whats the temperature today? Its25 degrees Celsius.

FOCUS 4:USING ITTO TALK ABOUT TIME

What time is it?

3:00 Itsthree oclock.Itsthree.

3:05 Itsfive after three.

3:15 Itsthree-fifteen.Itsa quarter past three.Itsa quarter after three.

3:30 Itsthree-thirty.Itshalf past three.

3:45 Its three forty-five.Itsa quarter to four.


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3:50 Itsthree-fifty.Itsten to four.

12:00 Itstwelve oclock.Itsnoon.

Itsmidnight.

TUTOR-ASSESSED TASK

Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1. The students _______________ from Mexico.

(A) and (B) be(C) are (D) is

2. When _______________?(A) time is it (B) is your vacation(C) in Canada (D) old are you

3. _______________ is married.(A) They (B) It(C) We (D) She

4. _______________ students in level 1.

(A) She is (B) It is(C) They are (D) I am

5. _______________? It means very big.(A) What means huge (B) What is the spelling of huge(C) What is the meaning of huge (D) What is the pronunciation of huge

6. _______________ shy and athletic.(A) Shes (B) It isnt(C) Am (D) Its

7. The student _______________ Japanese.(A) is (B) am(C) be (D) she

8. _______________ an English teacher.(A) They are (B) Im(C) Theyre (D) To be

9. _______________ Montreal? _______________ in Quebec.(A) Where is Its (B) Where be It is(C) Where is Is (D) Where is Its


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10. Dr. Martin is _______________.(A) opens (B) busy(C) school (D) yes

11. You _______________ short.

(A) its (B) am(C) no (D) arent

12. _______________? Im 35.(A) How age are you (B) How are you(C) How old you are (D) How old are you

13. _______________ am not short.(A) I (B) Were(C) She (D) Im

14. A: Hi! Im Anne Parker.B: _______________.

(A) Nice to you meet, Ms. Parker (B) Nice to meet you, Ms. Parker(C) Is nice, Anne (D) Nice to meet you, Anne

Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changes in order for the sentence to begrammatically correct.

15. Is it cold? Whats the temperature today? It has 30 degrees.A B C D

16. Is Jose from China? No, Joses no from China.A B C D

17. Tense I am? Yes, you are; try to relax.A B C D

18. Who is your teacher? Ms. Betty is my teacher.A B C D

19. How are those problems? He isnt difficult.A B C D

20. Are you single? Yes, Im.A B C D

21. Is it raining? No, is not. Its sunny.A B C D

22. What time it is? Its three oclock Central time.A B C D

23. Hows the weather today? Is cool and rainy.A B C D

24. When are you wet? Im wet because of the rain.A B C D


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READING DIGEST 3: THE PRICE OF FAME

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1

Answer the following questions:

1. Who is your favourite actress/actor?2. Why do you like her/him?

E X E R C I S E 3 . 2

Read the following text and make a note of one thing that you did not know which surprises you.

SUPER-BRATS

In the 1990s Macaulay Culkin was undisputed king of the Hollywood super-brats, the cute kids

who were making a fortune at the box office. He played Nintendo games with Michael Jackson anddated a supermodel. 'Mack' as he is known to his friends, helped 20th Century Fox take an incredible$507 million for Home Alone, which went on to become one of the biggest grossing films of all time.Culkin played Kevin McCallister, the angelic child who's mistakenly left behind by his parents when theygo off to Europe for Christmas. Both hands clapped to his cheeks, eyes and mouth wide with fright,Mack's signature 'Aaaaaaaaaahhhh!' scream face was copied by children across the world months afterthe movie had left town. Writer/producer John Hughes says, 'Kids really liked it because Kevin was likethem. He didn't have superhuman powers. He foiled the burglars with plain old stuff from around thehouse.'

Macaulay's personal fortune is now valued at around $lm for every year he's spent on earth, but... 'I'm just like every other kid,' claims Mack. 'When I'm not doing movies I go out with my friends and dothings any normal kid would do: go to a video arcade or go get pizza. I don't get an allowance, butwhenever I need money I go, "Mom, Mom, can I get ten bucks for pizza?" She goes, "Sure, sure, sure.",but it's not always "Sure, sure, sure." I have chores, I wake up every day at seven. Then I try to wake upfor half an hour. Then I walk the dog for twenty minutes, that's my favourite. I miss my family when I'maway filming. My younger brothers and sisters love Home Alone, but I don't think they realise I'm in it.'

However, as LA-based psychologist Dan Rosenthal points out, 'Showbiz children are under anincredible amount of pressure to achieve. First off there's the auditions. Parents push their kids intoattending way too many of them, often when they should be in school or doing their homework orplaying baseball or whatever.'

Rosenthal claims he has often seen children pushed to nervous breakdowns by starstruck

parents. 'The most disturbing aspect of all this is when parents make a child feet inadequate when theyfail to get parts. Kids can't cope.' He also describes how plastic surgery is becoming increasinglycommon among pre-teens. 'Foolish parents or unscrupulous casting agents believe that if only little


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Mary had a nose job, she could have any part she wanted. The long-term psychological effects showthat it's simply not worth it. In fact, I often advise child clients to choose a nice risk-free career likeinsurance instead.'

E X E R C I S E 3 . 3

Now read the text again and choose the correct alternative for each question.

1. In Home AloneMacaulay Culkin plays a child whoA. goes to Europe on holiday with his parents.B. is deliberately deserted by his parents.C. has nightmares.D. finds himself on his own by chance.

2. John Hughes thinks children liked the film because the main character

A. was just a typical everyday kid. C. got on well with burglars.B. wasn't very clever. D. was very strong.

3. Macaulay CulkinA. earns $1m a year. C. earns $1m a film.B. has over $5m. D. has under $5m.

4. When he needs money, Macaulay Culkin just asks his mother andA. she gives him what he wants.B. she gives him what he wants as long as it is for food.C. she gives him what he wants if he does some work around the house.D. she may or may not give him what he wants.

5. Psychologist Dan Rosenthal thinks

A. showbiz children are generally too ambitious.B. the children's fame has a bad effect on their relationships with their parents.C. the children's parents are often largely to blame for the children's problems.D. parents feel inadequate if their children don't do well.

6. Rosenthal thinks plastic surgeryA. should be avoided by everyone.B. can help children get parts, but that it's not worth the expense.C. is a waste of time for showbiz children.D. is not only a waste of time, but will also have a bad effect on the children in later life.

7. unscrupulousin the last paragraph means

A. not hard-working.B. not caring about honesty or fairness.C. not interested in financial gain.D. not patient.

8. itin the last but one line of the text refers toA. a nose job. C. a part in a film.B. a psychological effect. D. life in general.

VOCABULARY

ENTERTAINMENT


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E X E R C I S E 3 . 4

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with any appropriate word. You have been given thefirst part of each word and the number of letters.

1. I like sitting in the front r - - in the cinema because I like to be really near the scr - - -.2. The best sc - - - in the film is where she escapes.3. He is a great dir - - - - - and really inspires his act - - -.4. In general the pl - - was quite original, but the en - - - - was terrible. Everyone got married and theyall lived happily ever after!5. It's the first Shakespeare pl - - I have seen in the th - - - - -.6. My aud - - - - - went very well. They gave me the pa - -. Reh - - - - - - - start on Monday. It's all veryexciting!7. The first per - - - - - - - - is in eight weeks' time.8. Some of the cri - - - - from the top newspapers were there. I hope the rev - - - - will be good. Theyshould be. The aud - - - - - app - - - - - - for ages.9. We went to a wonderful con - - - - last night. It was a new sym - - - - - by that Russiancom - - - - -. He actually con - - - - - - the orc - - - - - - himself.10. They are my favourite pop gr - - -. I've got their last album on cass - - - -. I really like the lead sin - - -and the bass guit - - - - - in particular.

T U T O R - A S S E S S E D T A S K

Answer the following questions in writing:

1. What feelings do you have about Macaulay Culkin - envy/admiration/pity/irritation? Do you think heis 'just like every other kid'?

2. What problems do you think that being a child star can cause the individuals concerned?3. Do you think it is right that individual film/pop/sports stars can earn so much money?4. Describe the last film/concert/opera/play that you went to. What was it like? Did you enjoy it?

Why?/Why not?

You will send this task to your tutor for assessment.


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GRAMMAR DIGEST 3:NOUNS;COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS;BE+ADJECTIVE +NOUN

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1

CategoriesWrite each word in the box in one of the three circles below.

milk dresses cashdollars bread a shoea shirt cents an egg

Category

1. Food 2. Clothing 3. Money_______________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________

E X E R C I S E 3 . 2

Look at the same words in different groups. What are the categories? Write a name for eachcategory.

Category

1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________a shirt dollars milka shoe cents breadan egg dresses cash

FOCUS 1:THINGS WE COUNT AND THINGS WE DON'T COUNT

We can see things as whole or as things we can count. We use noncount nouns like money orcash when we see a thing as whole. We use count noun like coinswhen we refer to things we can

count.


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Examples explanationsCount nounsSINGULARa dressan egg

PLURALdresseseggs

Things we can countCount nouns take a/an in the singular. They takesor-esin the plural.

Noncount nounsmoneycashclothing

Things we dont countNoncount nouns have one form. They are not singularor plural.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 3

Check () count or noncount.

count noun noncount noun

food milkeggbreadclothingdressesshirtshoe

moneydollarscentscash

E X E R C I S E 3 . 4

Grandmas shopping list

Butcherpork chopssteakhamburgerchicken

Produce Standpotatoesstrawberriescarrotsonionsapple ciderbroccoligreen beans

Dairymilkbutterice cream

Bakerybrowniesrollsdoughnuts


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Classify the foods on the shopping list as countor noncount nouns. The first one has beendone for you as an example.

Count nouns Noncount nouns

1. pork chops 1. _______________

2. _______________ 2. _______________3. _______________ 3. _______________4. _______________ 4. _______________5. _______________ 5. _______________6. _______________ 6. _______________7. _______________ 7. _______________8. _______________9. _______________10. _______________

FOCUS 2:A/ANWITH SINGULAR COUNT NOUNS

a an

ahouseamovieauniform*

anorangeanegganhour*

Use a before a word beginning with a

consonant or a consonant sound.*uniformbegins with a semi-consonant sound as inyou.

Use anbefore a word beginning with a vowel [a,

e, i, o, u] or a vowel sound;*hourbegins with a silent h.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 5

List the words below under the correct categories.

earring bed watch necklacedormitory table apple deskorange apartment ring housearmchair banana pear hotel

Fruit Furniture Jewellery Housing_an orange__ _______________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________ _______________


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E X E R C I S E 3 . 6

List all the words below in the correct categories. Write aor anin front of the words.

tie month potato blouse helicopterday carrot airplane radish undershirtpea sweater truck sock automobileherb year week train hour

Clothes Transportation Vegetables Time1. ________ 1. ________ 1. ________ 1. ________2. ________ 2. ________ 2. ________ 2. ________3. ________ 3. ________ 3. ________ 3. ________4. ________ 4. ________ 4. ________ 4. ________5. ________ 5. ________ 5. ________ 5. ________

FOCUS 3:SPELLING OF REGULAR PLURAL COUNT NOUNS

singular plural explanations

a cara book

two carsthree books

To make the plural form of most count nouns,adds.

a boya radio

four boystwo radios

Nouns that end in: vowel + -y, vowel + -oPlural form: adds.

a classa sandwicha disha box

two classestwo sandwichestwo dishesthree boxes

Nouns that end in: -ss, -ch, -sh, -x

Plural form: adds.a potatoa tomato

six potatoesfour tomatoes

Nouns that end in: consonant + oPlural form: add es.

a babya city

babiescities

Nouns that end in: consonant + yPlural form: change -yto -i, addes.

a thiefa life

two thievesthree lives

Nouns that end in: -for -fePlural form: change -fto -v, addes.Exceptions:chief chiefs

chef chefs

E X E R C I S E 3 . 7

Write the plural form of the words below.1. party ________ 7. wife ________2. shoe ________ 8. watch ________3. fox ________ 9. leaf ________4. dictionary ________ 10. lady ________

5. week ________ 11. month ________6. glass ________ 12. key ________


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E X E R C I S E 3 . 8

Complete the sentences with the plural of one of the nouns below.city story holiday university statemountain country continent company ocean

1. Thanksgiving and Christmas are __holidays___.2. The Atlantis and the Pacific are _______________.3. Africa and Asia are _______________.4. Harvard and Yale are _______________.5. IBM and Sony are _______________.6. Cinderella and Beauty and the Beast are _______________.

7. The Alps are _______________.8. Colombia and Venezuela are _______________ in South America.9. Colorado and Vermont are _______________ in the United States.10. Vienna and Oslo are two _______________ in Europe.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 9

Complete the story with a plural form of the words below. The first one has been done for you.

house class monster axprincess party country herogirl witch baby knifecat boy treat orangefairy door candy tricktoy wish holiday story

Halloween in the United States

It is interesting to know about holidays in (1) _______________. Halloween is celebrated onOctober 31 in the United States. Small children and even (2) _______________ wear costumes. Somechildren like frightening costumes. They dress like (3) _____________ and (4) _______________. The

scary costumes can include plastic (5) _______________ and (6) ____________ with fake blood, butthey dont really hurt anyone. Some (7) ___________ dress like Superman and Batman and other (8)_______________. (9) _______________ that give people (10) ____________ or Cinderella, SleepingBeauty, and other (13) ___________. Still other children dress like (14) _______________ and otheranimals. In the afternoon the children have (15) _______________ in their (16) _______________ atschool. When it gets dark, the children knock on the (17) _______________ of all the (18)

_______________ in their neighbourhood. The people in the houses give the children (19)_______________ like (20) _______________, (21) _______________ and other fruit, and small (22)___________. If they dont receive treats, some children play (23) _______________.


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FOCUS 4:REGULAR PLURAL NOUNS:PRONUNCIATION OF FINALS,ANDES

Examples explanationsbooks, students, groupsmonths, desks, cats

/s/Finalsis pronounced /s/after voiceless sounds.*

beds, rooms, livesyears, days, dogs

/z/Finalsis pronounces /z/after voiced sounds.**

classes, facesexercises, sizesdishes, wishessandwiches, watchescolleges, pages

/iz/Finalesis pronounced /iz/afters soundsz soundssh soundsch sounds

ge/dge soundsThis adds an extra syllable to the noun.*Voiceless sounds: /p/t/f/k/th/.**Voiced sounds: /b/d/g/v/m/n/l/r/ and vowels.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 0

Make the words below plural. Then, write each word in the correct pronunciation group.

book radio dress house ticket rulething horse head list bus cupcar train boat church peach hat

/s/ /z/ /iz/____books______ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 1

RhymesMake the nouns in italics plural.

1. On Education

Word___, sentence___, exercise___, rule___,Dictionary___, textbook___, page___, school___,

Classroom___, teacher___, student___, alljewel___Of education, these are the tool___.


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2. On Age

Day___, week___, month___, year___.Getting old? Please, no tear___!!!

3. On ImportsThe shoe___ are Brazilian,The glove___ are Italian,The chef___ are from France,from South America the salsa dance,The toy___ are Chinese,The camera___ are Japanese:Tell me, whats Romanian, please?

FOCUS 5:IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS


childmanwomanfoottoothmouse

childrenmenwomenfeetteethmice

Some nouns change spelling in the plural.

a deera sheepa fish

two deerthree sheepfour fish

Some nouns do not change in the plural.

scissors shortspajamas clothesglasses pants

Some nouns are always plural. They have nosingular form.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 2

Fill in the blanks with an irregular plural noun.1. Big Bird is eight ___feet_______ tall.2. Mickey Mouse and Minnie are famous _______________.3. Actresses are _______________ and actors are _______________.4. Bambiis a movie about _______________.5. Famous _______________ in Hollywood are rich.6. Bugs Bunny has two big front _______________.7. Sesame Streetis a television show for _______________.8. _______________ of all ages like Disney movies.


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E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 3Write the irregular plural form of each of the following nouns in the correct category. Use a

dictionary to look up words you do not know how to spell. The first one has been done for you as anexample.

child deer fish foot goose sheepman woman mouse ox person toothmoose

Humans Animals Body parts_______________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________

_______________ _______________ ______________________________ _______________ _______________

FOCUS 6:COUNT NOUNS AND NONCOUNT NOUNS

count nouns nouncount nouns

Can take a/anor onein the singular.Its a job.

My vacation is for one week.

Cannot take a/anor onein the singular.Its work.

Can takesoresin the plural.They are earrings.Theyre watches.

Cannot takesores.Its jewelry.

Can take a singular or plural verb.It is a table.They are chairs.

Always takes a singular verb.Furniture is expensive.

Some common noncount nouns

food

fruitcoffeehairloveworkmusic

bread

cheeseclothingadvicehomeworkmailtea

rice

fishmilk

jewelryhelpinformationluggage

sugar

salttrafficmoneycrimeluckgarbage

milk

watertransportationfurniturenewselectricitypollution

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 4

Check () count or noncount for each underlined noun.


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count noncount1. Money is important.2. A dollar is useful3. Grammar exercises are fun.4. Homework is interesting.

5. Fruit is healthy.6. Apples are my favourite fruit.7. Here is my suitcase.8. Good luggage is expensive.9. Mail from home is important for an international student.10. Stamps are cheap.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 5

Circle the mistakes in the following paragraphs. Correct the mistakes and rewrite theparagraphs correctly. The first sentence has been done for you as an example.

Informations are easier to get with todays new technology. A news is transmitted around theworld by TV satellites. Computers also make informations easier to get. Computers can help a persondo his homeworks. Computer networks allow people to tell some news and give some advices. Withcomputer mails, a person can send a message with an electricity and a phone line.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

There is a new kind of store in the United States now. Superstores are a combination ofsupermarkets and discount stores. Superstores have everything form foods to furnitures. At asuperstore you can buy beverages like a coffee, a tea, or a milk. In the same store you can buy

jewelries, clothings, musics and luggages. You can also buy things like a bread, a rice, a sugar, or afruit. You should bring lots of monies with you when you go to a superstore because there is a lot to buy.But, one thing you cant buy at a superstore is the love.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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FOCUS 7:HOW MUCHIS/HOW MUCHARE?


Singular:How much is a television set in China?

Plural:How much are newspapers in Croatia?

Noncount:How much is gas in Italy?

To ask about prices use:

How much is?

How much are?

FOCUS 8:BE+ADJECTIVE +NOUN


Harvard and Yale are privateuniversities. An adjective can come before the noun.They are excellentcolleges. Do not put s on the adjective when the noun is

plural.Its alarge university.English is auniversal language.

Use a before an adjective with a consonant or aconsonant sound.

Hes anA student.Shes anhonour student.

Use anbefore an adjective with a vowel sound.

Psychology is a veryinteresting subject. Put very before the adjective to make the adjective

stronger.

E X E R C I S E 3 . 1 6

Make sentences using be+ adjective + very+ noun. Choose an adjective from the list. You canuse an adjective more than once.exciting violent tall expensive dangerouscrowded popular talented useful interesting famous

1. Sears Tower and Hancock Tower ______are very tall______________buildings in Chicago.2. Disneyworld_____is a very popular_______ place in Florida.3. Luciano Pavarotti ______________________________ singer.4. Ramboand The Terminator______________________________ movies.5. A Mercedes ______________________________ car.6. Teaching ______________________________ profession.7. Baseball ______________________________ sport in the United States.8. Sao Paolo ______________________________ city.9. Eleanor Roosevelt and Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis _______________________________ women

in American history.10. Computers ______________________________ tools.


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READING DIGEST 4: LIFE IN THE FUTURE

E X E R C I S E 4 . 1

You are going to read the transcription of an interview with two groups of people who give theirviews on what life will be like in the future. After you read the first time, put a tick () in the boxes belowto show the subjects that each group mentions.

Firstgroup

Secondgroup

Firstgroup

Secondgroup

space travel test tube babies

robots unemployment

computers future places for people to live

nuclear weapons future forms of energy

over-population future forms of communication

LIFE IN THE FUTURE

Presenter: About thirty years ago we asked a group of thirteen-year-olds what they thought lifewould be like in the year 2050. And this is what they said

Speaker 1: In the year 2050, I think Ill probably be in a spaceship on my way to the planet Mars.Or else I may be in charge of robot court, judging some robots. Or I may be at thefuneral of a computer. Or, if somethings gone wrong with someones nuclear bombs, Imay be coming back to my cave from a hunting trip!

Speaker 2: I think the population will have gone up so much that either everyone will be living in bigplastic domes in the Sahara desert or else theyll be living under the sea.

Speaker 3: Computers are taking over now. Computers and automation. And in the year 2050there just wont be enough jobs to go around.

Presenter: Well that was before the manned moon landing, the microprocessor and test-tubebabies. So, have the hopes and fears of todays thirteen-year-olds changed as theylook forward to the year 3000? We asked a second group of children and here aresome of their answers.

Speaker 4: Obviously nuclear war worries me, but I dont think thatll happen. Unless theyve gotcomputers that press the button for them. Because I dont think that any human beingcan is capable of actually pressing some button that releases all the nuclear arms.Because it would just mean the destruction of the world.


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Speaker 5: Perhaps well be able to convert brain waves into radio waves and then change themback to brain waves, so you could actually have a conversation with someone withouttalking. But youd have to be able to stop understanding some of your thoughts, Isuppose, in case they got upset! And therell be so many people I think there may unless they have another planet to go to therell be loads and loads of tower blocksfor people to live in, or people will be restricted to a certain number of kids.

Speaker 6: Itll probably be computers that are running the country by then. I mean theyrebeginning to now and that can be a good thing. But when it comes to war and thingslike that nuclear bombs, and theyre designing gases that can kill people withinseconds. I think that aspect of technology should be wiped out completely.

Presenter: Amazing, isnt it? Thirty years later and yet the issues remain the same.

E X E R C I S E 4 . 2

Read the text again and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D):

1 The people interviewed were probably:A children at primary school.B pupils at secondary school.C students at university.D workers of mixed ages.

2 The first speaker thinks that by the year 2050A robots may have disappeared.B computers may be in control of the world.C civilisation may have been destroyed.D people will be living on the moon.

3 The first speaker in the second group is fairly hopeful about the future because she thinksA computers will prevent nuclear weapons from being fired.B nuclear weapons could never be fired by accident.C nobody would want to start a nuclear war.D nuclear weapons will disappear from the world.

4

The presenter of the programme is surprised at the end because the two groupsA had such strange ideas.B knew so much about technology.C had such different opinions.D mentioned such similar subjects.


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FOCUS 2:HAVE:NEGATIVE STATEMENTS AND CONTRACTIONS

subject do/does base form verbIYouWeTheyMary and herhusband

do not(dont)

HeSheItMary

does not(doesnt)

have a telephone.

E X E R C I S E 4 . 2

Make the words below into sentences with has/haveor doesnt have/dont have.

Traditionalfamilies are big.

1. They/many children.___________________________

2. They also/grandmothers and grandfathers living with them._________________________________________________________

3. In a traditional family, only the father/a job.______________________________________________

4. The mother/a job._________________________

5. The children/a babysitter.______________________________

Modernfamilies are different.

6. Sometimes they/two people.____________________________

7. Sometimes they/one or two children._________________________________

8. Sometimes they/children.__________________________

Now make four sentences of your own about modern families.9. ____________________________________________________________10. ____________________________________________________________11. ____________________________________________________________12. ____________________________________________________________


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FOCUS 3:HAVE:YES/NOQUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS

do/does subject have

Do

IyouwetheyPedro and Carmen

Does

hesheitMary

have a telephone?

affirmativeshort answers

negativeshort answers

Iyouwethey

do.

Iyouwethey

do not.(dont)

Yes,hesheit

does.

No,hesheit

does not.(doesnt)

E X E R C I S E 4 . 3

Read about the Amish people. Then make the words below into questions and give therespective correct short answers based on the text.

The Amish are a special group of Americans. There are about 85,000 Amish people in theUnited States. They have their own language. They also have a simple way of life.

The Amish are farmers, but they dont have machines on their farms. They have horses. Theydo not have electricity or telephones in their homes.

The Amish are called the plain people. They wear dark clothing. The men all have beards and

wear hats. The women wear long dresses and hats.Amish children have one-room schoolhouses. They have Amish teachers. They have no schoolafter the eighth grade.

Example: An Amish man/car?Does an Amish man have a car?No, he doesnt.

1. Amish people/a simple life?____________________________________________________________

2. Amish women/jewelry?____________________________________________________________

3. Amish home/electricity?____________________________________________________________


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4. Am Amish farmer/horses?____________________________________________________________

5. An Amish home/telephone?____________________________________________________________

6. Amish people/their own language?

____________________________________________________________7. An Amish child/computer?____________________________________________________________

8. Amish people/colorful clothing?____________________________________________________________

9. An Amish home/television?____________________________________________________________

10. Amish children/special teachers?____________________________________________________________

11. Amish children/school after eighth grade?____________________________________________________________

12. Amish people/a modern lifestyle?____________________________________________________________

E X E R C I S E 4 . 4

Write the questions that go with the following answers.

Example: Does Mark have a son?No, he doesnt have a son.

1. ____________________________________________________________Yes, they do have a swimming pool.

2. ____________________________________________________________Yes, he does have a sled.

3. ____________________________________________________________No, they dont have a fireplace.

4. ____________________________________________________________Yes, she does have a cat.

5. ____________________________________________________________Yes, they do have a fireplace.

6. ____________________________________________________________No, they dont have a woodpile.

7. ____________________________________________________________Yes, California does have palm trees.

8. ____________________________________________________________No, Wisconsin doesnt have palm trees.

9. ____________________________________________________________Yes, they do have a hammock.

10. ____________________________________________________________Yes, Jack does have a warm coat.

11. ____________________________________________________________

Yes, she does have sunglasses.


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FOCUS 4:SOME/ANY

examples explanationsSTATEMENT The children have somebooks.They have somemoney.

Use somein a statement.

NEGATIVE They dont have anybooks.She doesnt have anymoney.

Use anyin a negative sentence.

QUESTION Do they have anybooks?Does she have anymoney?

Use anyin a question.

They dont have anybooks. (plural count)He doesn't have anymoney. (noncount noun)

Use any with plural count nouns andnoncount nouns.

E X E R C I S E 4 . 5

Complete the rhyme with someor any.

I dont have (1) _____any____ time todayI have (2) _______________ problems to solveI have (3) _______________ bills to payDo you have (4) _______________ time to play?I have (5) _______________ places to goI have (6) _______________ people to seeDo you have (7) _______________ advice for me?Yes, I do. Slow down!

E X E R C I S E 4 . 6

Read the following questions. Check () whether the speaker expects a positive response or isunsure of what the response will be.

Positive Unsure

Example: Do you have any aspirin? ___

1. Im not sure what color to paint the bathroom.Do you have any advice? ___ ___

2. This exercise is difficult. Can you give me some help? ___ ___3. My refrigerator just broke. Do you have any space in

your refrigerator for this meat? ___ ___4. Does the library have any books about the Inuit people? ___ ___5. Do you have some extra paper I could borrow? ___ ___


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E X E R C I S E 4 . 7

Decide if either someor anyis necessary in each blank in the dialogue below. Then write thecorrect word. If neither word is necessary, put an x in the blank. The first one has been done for you asan example.

Kay: What are you doing this weekend?Ray: I dont know. I have some free time and I want to go to the movies, but I dont have (1)

_______________ money.Kay: Doesnt your father have (2) _______________ money that he could lend to you?Ray: He has money, but he doesnt lend (3) _______________ of it to me. He says that if I want (4)

_______________ money I have to work for it. I dont want to do (5) _______________ work. Ijust want to have (6) _______________ fun.

Kay: Working is no that hard. If you mow a couple of lawns you can make (7) _______________money fast.Ray: I guess that isnt so difficult. Besides, I wont have (8) _______________ fun if I stay home all

weekend.

FOCUS 5:ASKING FOR SOMETHING POLITELY

Use Do you have ?to ask for something politely.


Use:Do you have an eraser?

Answer:Yes, I do.ORSure.

to ask for something politely.

Use:Excuse me, do you have the time?

Answer:

No, I dont.ORSorry, I dont.

to stop a person and ask for something.


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E X E R C I S E 4 . 8

Write the polite request for each cue.Example: books: Excuse me, do you have any books?

1. pencils: _____________________________________________2. telephone: _____________________________________________3. fountain pen: _____________________________________________4. basketballs: _____________________________________________5. restrooms: _____________________________________________6. photocopier: _____________________________________________7. T-shirts: _____________________________________________8. notebooks _____________________________________________

9. computers _____________________________________________10. comic books _____________________________________________

FOCUS 6:USING HAVETO DESCRIBE PEOPLE

He hasshort hair.He hasa mustache.

hair color hair length hair type other eye colordarklightblackbrownredblondgraywhite

longshortmedium-length

straightwavycurly

a mustachea beardbangsgreengray

blackbrownblue

E X E R C I S E 4 . 9

Correct the mistakes in the sentences.

has1. He have a car.

2. She have not a house.

3. He no have a TV set.


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4. He doesnt is rich.

5. She doesnt has children.

6. Does he has a sister?

7. Does she is an Inuit?

8. Excuse me, have you change?

E X E R C I S E 4 . 1 0

Think of a person or people you know with traditional lifestyles. Write about these people. Writeabout what they look like. Tell how their lives are different. Tell what they have and what they dont

have.

FOCUS 7:THIS/THAT/THESE/THOSE

near speaker far from speaker

singular

Thisis a hamburger.Thishamburger is good.

Thatis a steak.That steak is delicious.

plural

Theseare baked potatoes.Thesebaked potatoes are hot.

Thoseare French fries.ThoseFrench fries are salty.

noncount

Thisis Italian bread.ThisItalian bread is round.

Thatis French bread.ThatFrench bread is long.

FOCUS 8:ASKING WHAT THINGS ARE

question answer

Whats this?that?

singularIts asandwich.Its anegg.

What are these?those?

pluralThey areFrench fries.Theyrecookies.

Whats thisdish?thatdish?

noncountItssoup.


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E X E R C I S E 4 . 1 1

Fill in the names in the blanks below to show you own family tree.My Family Tree

_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________Grandfather Grandmother Grandfather Grandmother

_______________ _______________Mother Father

_______________

Me

Answer the following questions about your family tree. Use complete sentences.

1. What is your mothers name?____________________________________________________________

2. What is your fathers name?____________________________________________________________

3. What are your grandmothers names?____________________________________________________________

4. What are your grandfathers names?

____________________________________________________________


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READING DIGEST 5: HOW TO MAKE A FORTUNE

E X E R C I S E 5 . 1

The following words appear in the article you are about to read. Match each one with adefinition on the right.

1. a benefactor a) to employ someone2. a speculator b) a businessman with great wealth and power3. to devalue c) a person who helps other people by giving money4. to hire someone d) a person who buys and sells goods5. to gamble e) someone who tries to make money by taking business risks6. a trader f) to reduce the value of something (especially money)7. a tycoon g) to take a risk in the hope of gaining something

E X E R C I S E 5 . 2

Read through the article quickly. What are your initial feelings about George Soros? Do youadmire, dislike or not feel strongly about him either way?

THE MAN WHO BROKE THE POUND

When George Soros was a child, he thought he was god. Today he is a legend: the man whobroke the pound, the ultimate gambler who bet $10 billion on black Wednesday and won. Soros hasalso made his name as the billionaire benefactor of the Eastern bloc.

At 5.30 p.m. (10.30 p.m. in London) on September 15, 1992, George Soros was sitting in his

Manhattan office, perched on the 33rd floor of a mirrored skyscraper overlooking Central Park.Confident that sterling could not stay in the Exchange Rate Mechanism, Soros instructed his headtrader, Stanley Druckenmiller, to sell $10 billion-worth of sterling, taking a giant gamble that the sterlingwould have to be devalued overnight.

(1_______) Next morning he was woken at 7 a.m. by a call from Druckenmiller telling him hehad just made $958m. Later he learned that he had made further gains by siding with the Frenchauthorities against speculators attacking the franc. All in all,from the events of what became known as'Black Wednesday', he had made close to $2 billion.

Attractive, with thick wavy grey hair, apple cheeks and appraising eyes behind aviator glasses,Soros bears none of the accoutrements of a tycoon. (2_______) 'I have a very, very abstract mind,' he

says, 'and as a result I don't really take pleasure in material possessions. If I were a different person I'dbuy old masters, but I dont like to collect.


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Born in 1930 in Budapest he was the beloved younger son of a Hungarian Jewish lawyer,Tivadar, who had been a prisoner of war in Siberia between 1917 and 1921. (3_______) Soros oftencredits his success as a trader to the inflated sense of self his father gave him.

In 1947 Soros, aged 17, escaped the communist regime, leaving his parents behind in Hungaryand emigrating to London. His only source of income was the money given to him by an aunt who hadalready fled to Florida. It was a desperately lonely period: he made few friends, partly because hecouldn't speak the language properly, partly because he had no money (4_______).

In 1949 he became a student of economics at the London School of Economics and then, later,in 1956, aged 26, he moved to New York with $5000, his share of the profit he had made on 1000given to him by a relative to invest. Then in 1957 George's parents also left Hungary for the States but,apart from one disastrous attempt to open an espresso stand on Coney Island, they did not have a joband George had to support them. He was still poor and when his father developed cancer in the early1960s George was forced to ask the husband of a friend to help him find a surgeon who would treat himfree of charge.

The turning point came in 1963. He was hired by Arnhold and S. Bleichroeder to advise

American institutions on their European investments. (5_______) It was then that he set up the SorosFund which, by the late 1970s, was already beginning to make large profits. (6_______)

Since 1979, Soros, a native Hungarian, has ploughed more than $100m of his speculationprofits into funding an 18-strong network of foundations spanning central and eastern Europe andRussia. (7_______) In 'The Man Who Broke The Pound', a Thames Television documentary, Soros saidthe money he had made represented the equivalent of 12 for every man, woman and child in Britain,who, he said, really ought to have contributed it to the transformation of Eastern Europe. 'But I amhappy to do it for them.'

E X E R C I S E 5 . 3

The following sentences have been removed from the article. Read the article again and puteach sentence in the correct numbered gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

A. One of his strongest memories is of being envious of the cat because it got sardines for breakfastand he did not.

B. Its initial investment of $4.8m has grown to nearly $6 billion, one third of which is the personal stakeof Soros.

C. Out of the $250m he plans to donate in the next two years, $100m has gone to set up anInternational Foundation for Science in Russia and $50m to the Humanitarian Initiative in Bosnia.

D. His simple $60 watch and patterned tie could have been picked up at an airport shop.E. In 1978 he met Susan Weber, a 22 year-old art history documentary maker, at a dinner party.F. He and his elder brother were doted on by their parents, particularly by their father, who worked

very little when he came back from the war, spending most of his time with his sons.

G. That evening, in his Fifth Avenue apartment, he enjoyed a simple supper, cooked by his Frenchchef, before retiring to bed.

H. Some time later, in 1973, he parted company with his employers.


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GRAMMAR DIGEST 5:POSSESSIVES;THERE IS/THERE ARE;A/ANVERSUS THE

FOCUS 1:POSSESSIVE NOUNS


The boy has a dog.The boysdogis small.

Carol has a magazine.Carolsmagazineis on the table.

Add an apostrophe () and sto a singularnoun.

The boss has an office.The bosssofficeis big.The bossofficeis big.

Charles has a sister.Charlesssister is twenty-six.Charlessister is twenty-six.

Add an apostrophe () and sor just anapostrophe () to singular nouns and names thatend in s.

The waiters have trays.The waiterstraysare heavy.

Add only an apostrophe () at the end of a pluralnoun.

The childrensschoolis near here.Womensclothingis cheap here. Add apostrophe () sto irregular plural nouns.Paul and Marysdogis friendly.My mother-in-lawscookiesare delicious.

For two or more subjects or a simple subjectwith hyphens (-) add sat the end of last noun.

E X E R C I S E 5 . 1

Complete these sentences about Madeline the movie star and her family. Fill in the blanks with

the possessive nouns in parentheses.1. (The movie star) _______________ life is very exciting.2. (Madeline) _______________ clothes are expensive.3. (friends) Her _______________ homes are big.4. (brother) Her _______________ wife is a lawyer.5. (husband) Her _______________ name is Mark.6. (husband) Her _______________ mother is very nice.7. (parents) His _______________ home is near the ocean.8. (sister) His _______________ hobby is motorcycling.9. (children) Their _______________ lives are busy.

10. (grandparents) Her _______________ car is very large.


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E X E R C I S E 5 . 2

Look carefully at the apostrophes in the sentences below. How many people are there in eachsentence? How many dogs? Check oneor more than onefor each sentence.

how many people? how many dogs?

one more than one one more than one

1. My daughters dog is big. __ ___ ___ ___

2. My daughters dogs are big. ___ ___ ___ ___

3. My sons dog is big. ___ ___ ___ ___4. My sons dogs are big. ___ ___ ___ ___

5. My sons dog is big ___ ___ ___ ___

6. My sons dogs are big. ___ ___ ___ ___

7. My childrens dog is big. ___ ___ ___ ___

8. My childrens dogs are big. ___ ___ ___ ___

FOCUS 2:POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS

possessive adjectives possessive pronouns

The car isThe house isThe dog is

mine.

yours.

his.

(Itscannot be a possessive pronoun.)

My

Your

His

Its

Her

Our

Their

car is new.house is beautiful.dog is old.fur is white.

jewelry is expensive.children are cute.television is big.

The jewelry isThe children areThe television is

hers.

ours.

theirs.NOTES:

Do not confuse possessive adjective (its) with the contraction of it + is (its). Use possessive determiners with parts of the body:

Myhair is black.Youreyes are blue.


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