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CUPRINS

CAPITOLUL I. NOIUNI INTRODUCTIVE 3

1. DEFINIIE,NATURAJURIDIC, OBIECTULISCOPULDREPTULUICONCURENEI.............................32. IZVOARELEDREPTULUICONCURENEI............................................................................................43. PRINCIPIICAREGUVERNEAZDREPTULCONCURENEI...................................................................54. RAPORTULJURIDICDECONCUREN..............................................................................................7

CAPITOLUL II. CLARIFICRI CONCEPTUALE 9

1. CONCURENA NOIUNE, FUNCIIICLASIFICARE..........................................................................!2. "NTREPRINDEREA, CO#ERCIANTUL, PROFESIONISTUL, AGENTULECONO#IC................................113. PIAARELEVANT.........................................................................................................................12

4. FONDULDECO#ER......................................................................................................................13CAPITOLUL III. CONSILIUL DE CONCUREN 14

CAPITOLUL IV. PROTECIA PIEEI DE PRACTICI CARE AFECTEAZ CONCURENALIBER 15

1. CONSIDERAIIGENERALE..............................................................................................................152. PRACTICILEANTICONCURENIALE.................................................................................................15

2.1. nelegeri, decizii i practici concertate care afecteaz concurena.....................................152.2. Abuzul de poziie dominant.................................................................................................18

3. CONCENTRAREAECONO#ICE$CESIV.......................................................................................1!4. ACIUNIALEAUTORITILORIINSTITUIILORPUBLICECENTRALEORILOCALE, CAREAFECTEAZCONCURENA......................................................................................................................215. AJUTOARELEDESTAT....................................................................................................................21%. SANCIONAREAFAPTELORCAREAFECTEAZCONCURENA.........................................................22

6.1. Conideraii introducti!e.......................................................................................................226.2. "itemul ancionator adminitrati! pentru fapte care afecteaz concurena......................2#6.#. "itemul ancionator penal $n materia dreptului concurenei.............................................2%6.&. "itemul ancionator ci!il $n cazul faptelor anticoncureniale............................................#1

CAPITOLUL V. PROTECIA CONCURENILOR 33

1. CONCURENANELOIALPEPIAAINTERN.................................................................................331.1. 'oiune..................................................................................................................................##1.2. (apte de concuren neloial cu un grad redu de pericol..................................................##1.#. (apte de concuren neloial gra!e......................................................................................#&1.&. )punderea *uridic pentru concuren neloial................................................................#6

2. CONCURENANELOIALPEPIAAINTERNAIONAL ...................................................................3&2.1. +umpingul...........................................................................................................................#82.2. "ub!eniile.............................................................................................................................&1


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; U/+/ E+')(/(, /0+/( ( :/*'()'/('(, >=/ (/+ ( (/***( -'( (/( :/*'( -6('-/0 -'( ('9 -((; )'+( ; ( '((9 -((;-(/*((.

14C/-+'(/0 (*( /'(-*9 -9 )'( :/*'( -6('-/0 -'( ('9 )'+( ('*(, ' ( '((9 -('; -/+6*'.

15C/-+'(/0 )('(-*9 (*( +/ 6( *('( (-/6-(. A-(* 6( (-'( '69 )*(*-9 )(0( :/ -'( /- +/)'+-9*' + -/+6*' /+ '( )+*('( ( /+(/0 )'(0+'( ( )( )09. A-(* ' -/+-( +/ '(+** (-(/*.A/ )(0(' )('(-* -6)(**>( 8+'9 +/6(/*+ *('( -('(' ; ('*(.

1%"/ *(' (-/6-9, -/-+'(/0 6)('(-*9 (*( *+0 ( )( )09 :/ -'( -/0( /(-('( )(/*'+ (8'( -( *9.

!


10/40

- P*'>* '*. 3 /. 2 / C+ ->, *0 -'( ((('( '()*++ -/-+'(/0( /+ /*('((9 ('( -*>**( *(/-9,

-/*'-*+9 ; -6('-9.

G'+)+ ( 8(/0 (-/6- -0 ( :/*'()'/(', - +(-* -*> )'-*-'

6/)*( (*( -/**+* /*'?+/ /6+ ( 8(/0 (-/6- :/*'()'/(', -'( -0/(9 +

-/+-('( +/+ + +/' /*'( (, 8+'=/+?( *( +/**( ( '(-0( (-/6-9 8'+)++23.

"/ 8(/(', -*>**( 8'+)++ ( 8(/0 (-/6- -0( ( :/*'()'/(' -( (-* (

*++ -/-(/*'9'' (-/6-( ((, :/9 )*( :/*=/* ; :/ -+ -('*( + '6( (

)'-*- 6/)*( :/0((8('( ; ++ ( )0( 6//*9.

3. Pi!! $e+e!n"(

C/-()*+ ( pia rele!ant (*( ((/0 :/ (/'( -/-+'(/0( -6('-( ; 6 ( :/

(*('6/'( 6*(' -*>*90 (-**( ( )'-*-( 6/)*( )'-*-( /*-/-+'(/0(,

-/-(/*'9'( (-/6-( ; @+*'(( ( **.

1! C/**+( (-, /('(/* -9 '(+ /+ -) +-'*> '*. 3 /. 3 / C+ ->.

2HG. B',+reptul concurenei. 'ote de cur, I/**+*+ ( '()* ; '(0 /*('/0/( MN-( T*+(-+, 1!!%, ). 1&.

21R(8(6(/**( )'/ O.G. /'. 24 1!!3, )+-* :/ #.O., P'*( I, /'. 21H 3H.H&.1!!3.

22S)'( (+.

1H


11/40

iaa e-prim ambiana $n care e $nt/lnec !oinele ofertanilor cu !oinele olicitanilor i

$ndeplinete funcia economic de realizare a legturii dintre cererea i oferta de mrfuri, er!icii au

lucrri, tabilind circuitul dintre producie i conum.

P0 '((>/*9 '()'(/*9 )0 )( -'( ( (9;'9 -/-+'(/0 ; (*( +**9 )(/*'+

(/*-'( )'+(' ; 8(/0' (-/6- -( ( 9 :/ -/-+'(/09 '(-*9 :/ -('.D-9 )0 '((>/*9 /+ (*( (*('6/*9 :/ 6 -'(-*, (9, -*>**( -/-+'(/09 -*9, )( )09 '((>/*9 9 (

-/('*9, :/ 6 ('/*, - / )'-*-9 -*9, /-0/9 :/ L(8 21 1!!%.

A*(, )0 '((>/*9 )*( *+*9 :/ +/-0( ( + ((6(/*(

? $ntinderea geograficpiaa geografic, -9 / :/ -'( +/* -*> 8(/0 (-/6- -'(

>'(9 )'++ )'(*(9 ('>-+ -( -( (-*+ /(? gradul de ubtituire a produului er!iciului $n cauz,-+ *( )'+( ('>- (/*-( +

(69/9*'( piaa produului er!iciului.

!/ Pi!! 0e)0$!fi'($e+e!n"(-+)'/( / :/ -'( +/* -0 8(/0 (-/6- 6)-0

:/ >''( )'+(' /-+( :/ )0 )'+++, / :/ -'( -/0( ( -/-+'(/09 +/* +-(/* (

68(/( ; -'( )*( ('(/0*9 :/ ' 8(8'-( >(-/(, :/ )(-, *'*9 +/' -/0 (

-/-+'(/09 +*/0 ('*(. "/ 6 6', /0+/( ( )09 8(8'-9 ( '(('9 ; ('>-.

E (*( (*('6/*9 )( +/' /-*', :/ )(- -( )'>/ -*(( ( )09 (0/+*( (

:/*'()'/(' ; ( -/-+'(/0 ', )'(-+6 ; /( )'(6/'( 6++ ( *'( )'(0+'' ;

('(/0(' ( )'(0, 09 ( *( /( *('*'(.

*/ Pi!! $e+e!n"( ! $)-#+#i - '-( )09, (*( +/ - :/ -'( ( -/'+/*9 -('('( ; ('*

:/ (89*+'9 -+ +/ /+6*produ er!iciu.

E ( '(('9 **( )'+(( ('>-( -'( +/* -/('*( ( -+6)9'9*' - /

intercimbabile + ubtituibile, *'*9 -'-*('*-' (69/9*'(, )'(0++ )')* ;

)*90' ( *-( -((; +**90, )(/*'+ -'( +/* (*/*(.

D(6*'( -(*' )(0( '((>/*( ( '((9 :/ +/-0( ( -('('( ; ('*9, ( )'(0 ;

)*90( ( +*'( )'+++.C )(0( ( )'+('('>-' ( )* (/*- )0 +*6(', )0 )'+('

-6(*-(, )0 ((-*'/-, )0 *+*+/++, )0 *'/)'*+'' ('(/(, )0 *'/)'*+'' '+*('(,

)0 ('>-' ( *((-6+/-0, )0 8+'9'' (*-.

24 A+*'**( ( -/-+'(/09 )*( )'(- ; )- /-0+/ -9 -/-+'(/0 * *'/*9 )'/ :/0((8('/*-/-+'(/0(, ++' ( )0( 6//*9, -/-(/*'9' (-/6-( + )*( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9.

11


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4. F)n+ &e ')e$

E(*( ( />(/0 (*-., '( +/ ' 6)'*/* :/ (9;+''( -*>*90

-6('-(.P*'>* '*. 11 *. - / L(8( /'. 111!!1 )'>/ -6*('( -/-+'(/0( /(( -/**+(

/ ( -6('0 /6+ +/+'' 6( ; 6(, -')'( ; /(-')'( 69'-, '6(, (6(6(,

'(>(*( ( />(/0, > -6('-, +**( ( +/ -6('-/* :/ >(('( (9;+'9' -*>*90 (.

CAPITOLUL III. CONSILIUL DE CONCUREN

C/+ C/-+'(/0( +'69'(;*( )'*(-0 6(++ ( -(' )'/ *6+'( ; 6(/0/('( +/+

6(+ -/-+'(/0 /'6, :/ >(('( )'6>9' /*('((' -/+6*'', -/'6 )'(>(('' '*.

1%?32 C). IV / L(8( -/-+'(/0( /'. 211!!%.

A-(* (*( autoritatea naional adminitrati! $n domeniul concurenei,>=/ 6(/'( (

8+' '()(-*'( '(8(6(/*9'' :/ 6(/+, ' :/ -+'( ( :/-9-'( /'6(' '()(-*>( >

)- /-0+/( )'(>9+*( ( (8( ; 69+'( /(-('( )(/*'+ '(*'( -/-+'(/0( /(*(.

C/'6 '*. 17 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, P(/+ C/+ C/-+'(/0( (*( +/ '8/ -(8,

'6* / 7 6(6' +/ )'(;(/*( -9'+ +/-0( (*( 6*9 -(( ( 6/*'+, 2 >-()'(;(/0

-9'' +/-0( (*( 6*9 -(( ( (-'(*' ( ** ; 4 -/(' ( -/-+'(/09 -9'' +/-0( (*(

6*9 -(( ( +(-'(*' ( **.

"/ '('( '-/' (, -/'6 '*. 27 / L(8( 211!!%, C/+ C/-+'(/0( )*9

regulamente; intruciuni, (6*( ordine, decizii, '6+(9 a!ize, -( recomandri2%; ('(9

rapoarte.

25S. A/8(/,3e fond de commerce en droit roumain et en droit fran4ai, :/ R(>+( /*('/*/( ( '* (-/6+(,B'+('( (-*'( (-/6-( ; :/'+69' )'>/ >('()(-*( 8(/('( ( )-9' (80( :/ 6(/+ -/-+'(/0(, -+ +'( :/ -/(''( )'-*- /*/0(' /0/( ; -(' ( />(+ U/+/ E+')(/(, )'(-+6 ; )'-*- C6( E+')(/( '*. 27 /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

12


13/40

D(-( C/++ C/-+'(/0( +/* acte adminitrati!e unilaterale-+ -'-*(' indi!idual)'/

-'( ( -/**9 $nclcarea pre!ederilor legii ; ( )-9anciunile-'()+/9*'(, )+/=/+?(

***9 69+'( /(-('( '(*' 6(++ -/-+'(/0, ( -'9 --(+ /'60

-/(/0(, ( +0/(9 )=/8('( '6+*( :/ )0' )'((/*( (8, )'(-+6 ; -('('(

; /*-9'( )'>/ -/-(/*'9'( (-/6-( '*. 27 /. 5 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

CAPITOLUL IV. PROTECIA PIEEI DE PRACTICI CARE AFECTEAZ CONCURENA

LIBER

1. C)n-i&e$!ii 0ene$!+e

L(8( /'. 211!!% /+ '(8(6(/*(9 **( -*(( -'( )* +-( */8('( -/-+'(/0( ;

-/+6*'', - /+6 )( -(( -'( (-*(9 )0 :/ /6+ (. A-(*( -*( +/* /+6*(

practici retricti!e de concuren+ )*( 6/)*( -'( ( +89 ; -*(( +*'*90' -'(

+- */8('( ('( -/-+'(/0(, )'( ( (( ( practicile de concurena neloial, '(8(6(/**(

)'/ L(8( /'. 11 1!!1, -'( +/* (0 /+60 -/-+'(/0 (*('6/0.

A6(( -*(8' ( )'-*- +/* -/*''( +/0(' -6('-( -'(-*( ; (-*(9 -/-+'(/0

/(*9 :/*'( 8(/0 (-/6-, -=* ; /*('((( -/+6*''.

racticile restrictive de concuren+- */8('( )(0( :/ :/*'(8+ ( -9 (-*(9 +/ /+69'

/((*('6/* ( 8(/0 (-/6- ; )( -/+6*', )'/ :/-9-'( (8' (-/6-( ( )(0( ('(,

' practicile de concuren neloial +/* :/'()**( :6)*'> +/+ + +/' 8(/0 (-/6-

(*('6/0, +'69'/ 9 (6/( /+60 '> ( )( )09, )'/ -)''( -*9 -(/*(( -(*'27.

27R(-(/* ? --()** (( -9 )'-*-9 ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 )*( >( '()* -) ; /+6 :/-9-'( +/( /'6( (-6)'*6(/* /'6 :/ -(', 9'9 >( '()* (-* + ((-* -)''( -(/*((.

13


14/40

P'-*- -'( +- */8('( -/-+'(/0( 9>=';(- /+ /+6 :/*'()'/('(, - ; 8+>('/(( +

*( +*'*90 + /**+0 )+-(, -'( -'9 @+*'( )('*'' (-/6- + )+/ *( 69+'

-'( (-*(9 (' -/-+'(/09.

2. P$!'"i'i+e !n"i')n'#$eni!+e2.1. nelegeri, decizii i practici concertate care afecteaz concurena

!/ N)i#ni in"$)'"ie. "/ '*. 5 /. 1 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, +/* '(8(6(/**( +'69*'((

(6('+' /*-/-+'(/0( '(*( ( :/*'()'/('? $nelegeri)')'+?( :/*'( :/*'()'/('? decizii( -0' ( :/*'()'/('?practiciconcertate( (/**90' '9**( 6 +.

nelegerea '()'(/*9, )*'>* '()*++ U/+/ E+')(/(2& ; /0/2!, '-( -' +

6+**(', -' + ', )+- ' (-'(*, /('(/* ( (/+6'(, :/*'( 6 6+*( :/*'()'/('

)('*' (-/6- ( (*( -*9 -=/ '( - -) (/*+''( -/-+'(/0(.+eciziile de aociere '()'(/*9 6/(*'( ( >/09 )'(6/'9, )'/ -'( +/ )('*'

(-/6- /()(/(/* -/6*( 9 '((( 8'+)'(, :6)'(+/9 -+ *( (/**90, -)(''(

/*-/-+'(/09 (>(// )('/*9 ' +)9 -( (*( /*9 )'/*'?+/ -' -=/ '( - (-*>

(-*'( -/-+'(/0( ( -'+ (*( -*.N0+/( ( practic concertat3H((6/(9 *'( ( )* -( '(+*9 / -6)'*6(/*+

-'/* :/*'()'/('' )('*'' (-/6-, -'( (*( -* -=/ ( -)('(9 )(/*'+

'('( ( )'-*- /*-/-+'(/0(, -/*=/ :/ +**+'(, -+ +/9 ;*/09, '-+'' -/-+'(/0(

/'6(, -+ -)(''( /('(-9.*/ C!#$i n '!$e ne+e0e$i+e &e'iii+e ,i $!'"i'i+e ')n'e$"!"e -#n" in"e$i-e. S+/* /*('(

:/0((8('(, (-(, )'-*-( -/-('**( ( :/*'()'/('' + -0' ( :/*'()'/(', *+/-

-=/ + - (-* + - ((-* :6)(-'(, '(*'=/8('( + (/*+''( -/-+'(/0( )( )0

'6=/(-9 + )( )'*( -(*(, :/ )(- -(( -'(? *(-, '(-* + /'(-*, )'(0+' ( -+6)9''( ' ( >=/'( + '-( *( -/0 (

*'/-0/'(? 6*(9 + -/*'(9 )'+-0, -6('-'(, (>*'( *(/-9 + />(*0(

? :6)'* )(0(( + +'(( ( )'>/'(? )-9, :/ ')'*+'( -+ )'*(/(' -6('-, -/0 /(8( )'(*0 (->(/*(,

)'>-=/ :/ -(* ( +/' /*'( ( +/ (>/*@ -/-+'(/0

2&D(- C6( E+')(/( &74H!EEC :/ -+ S/ P'** F'6-(+*- S)A / 13 +( 1!&7.

2!D(- C/++ C/-+'(/0( /'. 352HH!.

3HL />( (+')(/ -(* -/-()* * -'-* ( C+'*( E+')(/9 ( J+*0(, -'( : -/('9 '69 ( -'/'(

:/*'( :/*'()'/(', 9'9 9 * +9 )=/9 '('( +/( -/>(/0 )')'+?(, )'/ /*+' , )'-*- -/-('**9 /+:/*'+/(;*( **( ((6(/*(( +/+ -', ' ( '(+*9 / -'/'( -*(' /*-/-+'(/0(, -'( ( ( C6( C6+/*90' E+')(/(.

14


15/40

? -/0/(9 :/-(('( -/*'-*(' ( --()*'(, ( -9*'( )'*(/(', +/' )'(*0

+)6(/*'( -'(, )'/ /*+' ' + :/ -/'6**( -+ +/0(( -6('-(, /+ + (89*+'9 -+ (-*+

-(*' -/*'-*(? -/>/ 9 )'*-)(, :/ 6 -/-('**, -+ ('*( *'+-*( -*0 + '-( *( '6( (

-/-+' ( ('*(? (6/9 ( )( )09 0 -/-+'(/0, 6*(9 + :6)(-9 --(+ )( )09 ; ('**(

(/( -9*'( /+6*( :/*'()'/(', 9'9 @+*-'( '(/9 '*. 5 /. 1 *. ?8 / L(8( /'.

211!!%.'/ C!#$i n '!$e -#n" e$i-e $!'"i'i+e $een"!"e 7$e(#"e +! !$". 5 !+in. 1 &in +e0e/

S( -'9 e-ceptarea indi!idual( /*('-('( )'-*-' '9**( 6 + )'(>9+*( '*. 5

/. 1 *. ?8, -9 (( :/()/(- -+6+*> +'69*'(( -/0

? -/*'+( :6+/9*90'( )'+-0( + *'+0( ( 69'+', ' )'6>'( )'8'(++*(/- + (-/6-, 8+'=/, :/ -(; *6), -/+6*'' +/ >/*@ -'()+/9*' -(+ '(*

( )9'0( '()(-*> :/0((8('(, (-( ' )'-*-9 -/-('**9? 6)+/ :/*'()'/('' :/ -+9 ' -(( '(*'-0 -'( +/* /)(/( )(/*'+ */8('(

-(*' (-*>(? /+ ('9 :/*'()'/('' )**( ( (6/ -/-+'(/0 ( )( )'*( +*/09 )(0(

)'+(' :/ -+9 '*. 5 /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

I/*('-0( )'((/**( *. ?8, '*. 5 /. 1 / L(8( 211!!% /+ ( )-9 )(/*'+ +'69*'((

*+0 :/ -'( :/0((8('(, (-( ; )'-*-( -/-('**( +/* -/('*( -*( )('6(? :/ -+ :/ -'( -* ( )09 -+6+*9 (0/+*9 ( )9'0( :/0((8('(, (-( + )'-*-

-/-('**( /+ ()9;(;*( 1H )( /-+/ /*'( )(0(( '((>/*( (-**( ( -(*( -'+', *+/- -=/

-(* (*( :/-(*9 :/*'( :/*'()'/(' -'( +/* -/-+'(/0, (/*( (-**( ( :/0((8('(, *+/-

-=/ -(* (*( :/-(*9 :/*'( :/*'()'/(' -'( /+ +/* -/-+'(/0, (' ( :/0((8('(, (-( +

)'-*- -/-('**( :/*'( -/-+'(/0 + :/*'( /(-/-+'(/0, ( )-9 )'8+ ( 1H.

C' ; *+/- -=/ )( )09 '((>/*9 concurena ete retr/n*'*9 efectului cumulati!

+/' :/0((8(', (- + )'-*- -/-('**( ( >=/'( ( +/+' + ( ('>- :/-(*( -+ ('0

+'/' + *'+*', /*('-0( /+ )('(9 -9 )'8+'( '9**( ( 9 + -* ( 5, *=*

15


16/40

)(/*'+ -'+'( :/-(*( :/*'( -/-+'(/0, -=* ; )(/*'+ -(( :/-(*( :/*'( /(-/-+'(/031'*. & /. 2

/ L(8( /'. 211!!%.

S( -/('9 -9 :/0((8('(, (-( + )'-*-( -/-('**( nu retr/ng concurena/ (-

-*(, )('6( :/ -+ :/ -'( -*(( ( )09 ( -(*' -+6+*( ()9;(- )'8+'( ( 1H, 15,

'()(-*> 5 )'((/**( 6 + -+ 6 )+0/ ( +9 )+/-*( )'-(/*+( /-+>, :/ -+'+ 2 /-(/'*- +--(>.

C' -9 +/* :/()/*( -/0( '(*'-*>( '9**(, )'>/ -*(( ( )09 -'( ( *+(9

+ 15, 1H + 5 -/'6 '*. & /. 1?3 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, -'+'(, (-( + )'-*-(

-/-('**( ( :/*'()'/('' ' -0' ( :/*'()'/(' +/* **+; in"e$i-e

!/ n"$e ')n'#$eni, -9 + - (-*? =/'( )'+(' -9*'( *('0? 6*'( )'+-0( + >=/9'', :6)9'0'( )(0(' + -(/0'.

*/ n"$e ne')n'#$eni, -9 + - (-*? '(*'=/8('( -)-*90 -+6)9'9*'++ ( ?; * )'(0+ ( >=/'(, 9'9 +-( */8('(

)*90 +'/'++ ( 6)+/( +/ )'(0 ( >=/'( 6=/'(,

cu condiia ca acetea din urm nu fie eci!alente cu un pre de !/nzare fi- ori minim tabilit $n

urma preiunilor e-ercitate de una dintre pri au a murilor de timulare practicate de aceata? '(*'=/8(' *('*'( + )'>/ -(/0 -9'' -+6)9'9*'+ ( )*( >/( +/+'( '

('>-( -'( - (-*+ -/*'-*++, cu e-cepia cazului $n care ete !orba de una dintre urmtoarele

retricii care nu unt gra!e retr/ngerea !/nzrilor acti!e ctre teritoriul e-clui! au ctre o clientel

e-clui! rezer!ate furnizorului ori cedate de furnizor unui alt cumprtor, atunci c/nd o aemenearetricie nu limiteaz !/nzrile efectuate de clienii cumprtorului retr/ngerea !/nzrilor ctre

utilizatorii finali realizate de un cumprtor care acioneaz pe pia $n calitate de comerciant cu

ridicata retr/ngerea !/nzrilor ctre ditribuitori neautorizai realizate de membrii unui item de

ditribuie electi! retr/ngerea capacitii cumprtorului de a !inde componente detinate

$ncorporrii unor clieni care ar putea le utilizeze pentru fabricarea de produe aemntoare celor

produe de furnizor? '(*'=/8('( >=/9'' -*>( + >=/9'' )>( -9*'( +**' / '(*( (

6(6' +/+ *(6 ( *'+0( ((-*>9 -'( -0/(9 )( )09 :/ -**( ( >=/9*' -+

69/+/*+,fr a aduce atingere poibilitii de a interzice unui membru al itemului $i defoare

acti!itile dintrun ediu ecundar neautorizat? '(*'=/8('( >'9'' :/-'+-;*( :/*'( *'+*' :/ -'+ +/+ *(6 ( *'+0(

((-*>9, /-+> :/*'( *'+*' -'( -0/(9 ('*( />(+' ( -6('0++? '(*'-0 -/>(/*9 :/*'( +/ +'/' ( -6)/(/*( ; +/ -+6)9'9*' -( :/-')'(9 -(*(

-6)/(/*(( '()(-*>(, -'( 6*(9 )**( +'/'++ ( >/( -(*( -6)/(/*( - )((

31A*(, -=/ -* ( )09 -+6+*9 :/*'()'/('' -/-+'(/*( + /(-/-+'(/*( (*( 6 6-9 ( 5, :/0((8('(,(-( ; )'-*-( -/-('**( +/* )('6( -*(, -' -9, *'*9 ', -/-+'(/0 (*( '(+9 )( '()(-*> )09'((>/*9.

1%


17/40

()'*( +**'' /, +/' '()'*' + *' )'(**' ( ('>- -'( /+ + * ((6/0 (

-+6)9'9*' )(/*'+ '()''( ' :/*'(0/('( +/+'' (.'/ n"$e ')n'#$eni, -9 ( -0/(9 nie+#$i &ife$i"e ( /0++ ( )'+-0( + (

*'+0(, >=/ - (-* **( '(*'-0( )'(>9+*( *('(( ; .

2.2. Abuzul de poziie dominant

R(8+6(/*+ C/++ C/-+'(/0( / 13.H5.2HH4 )'>/ )-'( )'(>(('' '*. 5 ; %

/ L(8( /'. 211!!% (/*poziia dominant- / *+0 :/ -'( :/*'()'/('( (*( -)9,

:/*'? 69+'9 )'(-9, 9 ( -6)'*( independent 09 ( -/-+'(/0 /-+> -/-+'(/0

)*(/0 ; -(/0 9 ( )( )09 '((>/*932.

C/-()*+ (poziie dominant * (/* ( C+'*( ( J+*0( U/+/ E+')(/( - /

)0( ( )+*('( (-/6-9, ( -'( ( +-+'9 :/*'()'/('( ; -'( : )('6*( 9 afecteze concurena

)( )09 '((>/*9, )'/ -)-**( )( -'( '( ( ( -6)'* /()(/(/* ( -/-+'(/0 ;-+6)9'9*' 9, -(( -( )*( (-* -/+6*' / )'+++ '()(-*>.

P'-*-( +>( ( :/*'()'/('' -'( (0/ )0( 6//*9, (/+6('*( '*. % /. 1

/ L(8( /'. 211!!% +/*

? 6)+/('(, :/ 6 '(-* + /'(-*, +/' )'(0+' /(-*( ( >=/'( ' ( -+6)9''(

+ *' -/0 /(-*( ( *'/-0/'( ; '(++ ( *'* -+ /+60 +'/' ' (/(-'? 6*'( )'+-0(, -6('-9' + (>*9' *(/8-( :/ (>/*@+

-/+6*''? )-'( :/ ')'*+'( -+ )'*(/(' -6('- +/' -/0 /(8( )'(*0 (->(/*(,

)'>-=/, :/ -(* (, +/' /*'( ( +/ (>/*@ -/-+'(/0? -/0/'( :/-((' -/*'-*(' ( --()*'( ( -9*'( )'*(/(' +/' )'(*0

+)6(/*'( -'(, )'/ /*+' ' + :/ -/'6**( -+ +/0(( -6('-(, /+ + (89*+'9 -+ (-*+

-(*' -/*'-*(? )'-*-'( +/' )'(0+' (( + )'-*-'( +/' )'(0+' ( '+/'(, :/ -)+ :/9*+'9'

-/-+'(/0', ' >=/'( (/*9, 9-=/ *'-0( ( -/-+'(/0 ; ( -(/0 9.

17


18/40

C/+ C/-+'(/0( -/**9 ; 69+' :6)*'> +++ ( )0( 6//*9, )-=/ ;

)'(>(('( '*. 1H2 / T'**+ )'>/ +/-0/'( U/+/ E+')(/(33' ( -=*( ' )*( (-**

-6('0+ /*'( **(( 6(6'( '*. % /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

3. C)n'en"$!$e! e')n)i'( e;'e-i(

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21/40

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/-0/(9 -+ 6(/9 ( H,5 1H / -' ( -(' **9 '(*9 :/ /+ //-' /*(''

/-0/9', +'69*'(( )*( 9>=';*( -+ /*(/0( + / /(8@(/09, ( :/*'()'/(' + -0 (:/*'()'/('

? :/-9-'( )'(>(('' '*. 5 ; % / L(8( /'. 211!!%, )'(-+6 ; )'(>(('' '*. 1H1 ;

1H2 / T'**+ )'>/ +/-0/'( U/+/ E+')(/( '(('*'( )'-*-( /*-/-+'(/0(? /(/*-'( +/( -/-(/*'9' (-/6-(, )*'>* )'(>(('' '*. 15 /. 1 ; 2 / L(8(

/'. 211!!%, ://*( ( )+/('( :/ )-'( -(*(, -+ ((('( '*. 15 /. 745+ ? -'* ('8'( -/'6 '*. 15 /. & / (8(, ( -9*'( C/+

C/-+'(/0(? '('( +/( )('0+/ ( -/-(/*''( (-/6-9 -+ :/-9-'( )'(>(('' '*. 15 /. %?

& / L(8( /'. 211!!%? )+/('( :/ )'-*-9 +/( )('0+/ ( -/-(/*''( (-/6-9, (-'*9 /-6)*9

)'/*'? (-( C/++ C/-+'(/0(, )*'>* )'(>(('' '*. 4% /. 4 *. / L(8( /'.

211!!%? /(:/()/'( +/( 80, +/( -/0 + +/( 69+' 6)+( )'/*'? (-( +*9

)*'>* )'(>(('' L(8 /'. 211!!%.D-9 :/-9-'( 9>=';*9 ( -0( ( :/*'()'/(' )'>(;*( -*>*90( 6(6'' 9,

6(/ /+ )*( ()9; 1H / +6 -'(' ( -(' **( ( (-9'+ 6(6'+ -*> )( )0

(-**9 ( :/-9-'( 9>=';*9 ( -0( '*. 51 /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

"/ +/-0( ( )('-+**( )*(', /-0+/( -/*'>(/0/( ( )-9 ( /)(-*' (

-/-+'(/09, ( -6( C/++ C/-+'(/0( + ( -9*'( P(/+ C/++ C/-+'(/0( '*. 55 /

45P*'>* '*. 15 /. 7 / L(8( /'. 211!!% (*( )('69 )+/('( :/ )-'( +/( ('*( )+-( + +/( (' (*'/-0 -+ >' 6'(, /-+> -+ >' 6'( -/>('*( :/ *( *)+' ( >' 6'(, --()**( :/ >(('(*'/-0/9' )( )09 ( *)+ +'( ( >', )'/ -'( ( =/(;*( -/*'+ )*'>* )'(>(('' '*. 1H / L(8( /'.

211!!%, '(('*' -/-(/*'9'( (-/6-(, ( >=/9*' ('0, -9 +/* :/()/*( -+6+*> +'69*'(( -/0-/-(/*''( 9 ( /*-*9 9'9 :/*='('( C/++ C/-+'(/0( -( -'( =/(;*( -/*'+ 9 /+ ('' 6'( :/ -+9 + 9 -9 -(* +-'+ /+6 )(/*'+ 6(/0/( >'( /*(8'9 />(*0( (:/ *(6(+ +/( ('89' -'*( ( C/+ C/-+'(/0(.

25


26/40

L(8( /'. 211!!%, ' />+'( ', :/ -'+ 6*(' )'(>9+*( ( (8(, ( -( 0/=/+?(

(6 ( 8'>**( -/-'(*9 ; ( +'* (-9'( )*(.

T**9, +/* *)+*( ; -+( ( 6/+'( -+/*+6++ 6(/', ' ( 8'>'( '*. 52

/ L(8( /'. 211!!%.

A'*. 51 /. 3 / L(8( C/-+'(/0( )'(>(( )**( 6/+9' )=/9 >'( (/-0+/ -/*'>(/0/( :/ -+ )'-*-' /*-/-+'(/0( '*. 5 ; % / (8( )(/*'+

:/*'()'/('( -'( (/(-9 ( )*- ( -(6(/094%.C/'6 '*. 54 /. 1 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, C/+ C/-+'(/0( )*( 8, )'/ decizie,

:/*'()'/('( + -0( ( :/*'()'/(' )* +/' amenzi cominatorii, :/ +69 ( )=/9 5

/ -' ( -(' /-9 6(( / /+ //-' /*('' /-0/9'47, )(/*'+ (-'( ( :/*='('(,

--+*9 ( * **9 )'/ (-(, )(/*'+ ( (*('6/? 9 :/-(*(( :/-9-'( )'(>(('' '*. 5 ; % / L(8( /'. 211!!%, )'(-+6 ; )'(>((''

'*. 1H1 ; 1H2 / T'**+ )'>/ +/-0/'( U/+/ E+')(/( ; 9 '()(-*( 69+'( )+( )'/(- ( -/**'( :/-9-9'

? 9 '()(-*( (-( )'/ -'( ( 6)+/ 69+' /*('6'(? 9 '()(-*( +/ /8@6(/* (>(/* 8*'+ )'/*'? (-(, +*9 ( C/+ C/-+'(/0(? 9 +'/(( :/ 6 -6)(* ; -'(-* /'60( ; -+6(/*(( -'( (?+ * -('+*( (

/)(-*' ( -/-+'(/09 -'( ((-*+(9 />(*80 / -+ + +'6'( +/( )=/8(' )(/*'+ *

-9 ('( -(( (*( '*. 34 ; '*. 35 /. 1 L(8( /'.

211!!%? 9 ( +)+/9 /)(-0( )'(>9+*( '*. 3%.

D(-( )'/ -'( ( )-9 /-0+/ -/*'>(/0/( )* 9 ( *-*( /*/0(( ( @+(-*9

-6)(*(/*( C+'*( ( A)( B+-+'(;* + T'+/+ B+-+'(;*, S(-0( ( -/*(/- 6/*'*>.

6.!. istemul sancionator penal "n materia dreptului concurenei

P*'>* '*. %H /. 1 / L(8( -/-+'(/0(, )'*-)'( -+ /*(/0( '++9 ; :/ 6

(*('6//* +/( )('/( -( -/-()('(, '8/'( + '('( )'-*-' /*-/-+'(/0(

/*('( -/'6 )'(>(('' '*. 5 /. 1 ; -'( /+ +/* (


27/40

> ?lementul material -(*' /'-0+/ )'(+)+/( )'*-)'( :/ 6 (*('6//*

conceperea, organizarea + realizarea ( :/0((8(' ( :/*'()'/('', (- ( -0' (

:/*'()'/(' ' )'-*- -/-('**( ( -(*', -'( + - (-* + - ((-* :6)(-'(, '(*'=/8('(

' (/*+''( -/-+'(/0( )( )0 '6=/(-9 + )( )'*( -(*(, :/ )(- -(( -'(

? *(-, '(-* + /'(-*, )'(0+' ( -+6)9''( ' ( >=/'( + '-( *( -/0 (*'/-0/'(

? 6*(9 + -/*'(9 )'+-0, -6('-'(, (>*'( *(/-9 + />(*0(

? :6)'* )(0(( + +'(( ( )'>/'(

? )-9, :/ ')'*+'( -+ )'*(/(' -6('-, -/0 /(8( )'(*0 (->(/*(,

)'>-=/ :/ -(* ( +/' /*'( ( +/ (>/*@ -/-+'(/0

? -/0/(9 :/-(('( -/*'-*(', ( --()*'( ( -9*'( )'*(/(' +/' )'(*0

+)6(/*'( -'(, )'/ /*+' ' + :/ -/'6**( -+ +/0(( -6('-(, /+ + (89*+'9 -+ (-*+-(*' -/*'-*(

? -/*+ :/ )'*-)'(, :/ 6 -/-('**, -+ ('*( *'+-*( -*0 + '-( *( '6( (

-/-+' ( ('*(4!

? (6/9 ( )( )09 0 -/-+'(/0, 6*(9 + :6)(-9 --(+ )( )09 ; ('**(

(/( -9*'( /+6*( :/*'()'/(', 9'9 @+*-'( '(/9.

P'*-)'( 9)*+*'++ -/-()('(, '8/'( + '('( )'-*-' /*-/-+'(/0(

/*('( *'(+( 9 ( determinant, -9 9 +-9 -/*'+0( +*/09, *9'=*'( /**+'(

-(*'.

4&A/. 1 ; 2 ( '*. 5 / L(8( /'. 211!!% + +'69*'+ -/0/+* 1 S+/* /*('( '-( $nelegeri:/*'( :/*'()'/(',decizii( -0' ( :/*'()'/(' ; practici concertate, -'( + - (-* + + - ((-* :6)(-'(, '(*'=/8('( '(/*+''( -/-+'(/0( )( )0 '6=/(-9 + )( )'*( -(*(, :/ )(- -(( -'( *(-, '(-* + /'(-*,)'(0+' ( -+6)9''( ' ( >=/'( + '-( *( -/0 ( *'/-0/'( 6*(9 + -/*'(9 )'+-0,-6('-'(, (>*'( *(/-9 + />(*0( - :6)'* )(0(( + +'(( ( )'>/'( )-9, :/ ')'*+'( -+

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

4!P*'>* '*. %H /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, :/ -(* - )*(( /+ + -'-*(' /'-0/ -9 )'*-)'(, :/ 6-/-('**, -+ ('*( *'+-*( -*0 + '-( *( '6( ( -/-+' ( ('*( e realizeaz prin $nelegere $ntre

participani pentru a denatura preul de ad*udecareK - :/ -'( ( )-9 *( '(8(6(/*9', )(--( -(*+ 6(/+.27


28/40

C/0/+*+ /'-0+/ (*( '(* )'/ -6*('( '-9'( / 6*90( /'6*>(

)'((/**( )'*-)'( -/-()('(, '8/'( + '('( )'-*-' /*('(, ' :/ *+0 :/

-'( -*(( +*'++ -'()+/ 6 6+*' 6*90, -6( :/ '('( -(+; -), ( > '(0/(

/8+'9 /'-0+/(.

E(6(/*+ 6*(' *+' (-*>( nu e realizeaz-=/ 9)*+*'+ )'*-)9 -/-()('(,'8/'( + '('( :/0((8('' + -*(8'' ( :/0((8(' :/*'( :/*'()'/(', (-' +

-*(8'' ( (- ( -0' ( :/*'()'/(', )'-*-' -/-('**( + -*(8'' ( )'-*-

-/-('**(, atunci c/nd acetea $ndeplinec cumulati! urmtoarele condiii

? -/*'+( :6+/9*90'( )'+-0( + *'+0( ( 69'+' ' )'6>'(

)'8'(++ *(/- + (-/6-, 8+'=/, :/ -(; *6), -/+6*'' +/ >/*@ -'()+/9*'

-(+ '(* ( )9'0( '()(-*> :/0((8('(, (-( ' )'-*-9 -/-('**9

? 6)+/ :/*'()'/('' :/ -+9 ' -(( '(*'-0 -'( +/* /)(/( )(/*'+ */8('(-(*' (-*>(

? /+ ('9 :/*'()'/('' )**( ( (6/ -/-+'(/0 ( )( )'*( +*/09

)(0( )'+(' :/ -+9 '*. 5 /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%5H.

3atura ubiecti! /'-0+/ (*( -'-*('*9 ( /*(/0 '(-*9, --*9 )'/ -). A*(,

)'*-)'( -/-()('(, '8/'( + '('( )'-*-' /*-/-+'(/0( /*('( )'/ /'6

( /-'6/'( ( '((9 -+ /*(/0( '++9, -9 9)*+*'+ -6*( -*>**( -*9,

:/-9-=/ /'6(( -/-+'(/0(, -+ -)+ ( ?; '( )')'( /*('(( (-/6-(, :/ +/

+/-0/9' -'(-*( )(0(.

6.#. istemul sancionator civil "n cazul faptelor anticoncureniale

"/ *+0( :/ -'(, -+ - 9>=';' +/' )*( )'/ -'( ( :/--9 L(8( -/-+'(/0( +/*

:/-(*( ; -*( @+'-( /((8(, /*/0 ( @+(-*9 )*( -/** /+**( -(*'.

D( (6(/(, :/ -+ 9>=';' +/' )*( /*-/-+'(/09 )*( /8@*9 ; '9)+/('(

->9 (-*+9.

!/ A*(, :/0((8('(, (-( ; )'-*-( -/-('**( /*('(, ++ ( )0( 6//*9,

-*(( +*'*90' ; /**+0' 6/*'0( )+-(, -'( (-*(9 (' -/-+'(/09, -=* ; -*((

)'/ -'( ( :/--9 )0( '*. 1H1 ; 1H2 / T'**+ )'>/ +/-0/'( U/+/ E+')(/( +/*

/+( ( '()*, /+**( +*9 '(+*=/ / )*+ -9 -*(( '()(-*>( +- */8('( '/ )+-(,

-=* ; / 6+ ( (9 (-*+9 )(/*'+ )*(( /*-/-+'(/0(, -'( +/* ; pgubitoare)(/*'+

+/(( :/*'()'/(' )'(/*9 /+6*( )'*-+'*90.

5HD( *(, -/'6 '*. 5 /. 4 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, :/0((8('(, (-( ; )'-*-( -/-('**( )'(>9+*( /. 1,-'( :/()/(- -/0( )'(>9+*( /. 2, +/* -/('*( (8(, 9'9 /(-('9 /*-'( -(*' ( -9*'( )9'0 ;(6*('( +/( (- ( -9*'( C/+ C/-+'(/0(.

2&


29/40

D(; 80( -'( ( /- :/*'( :/*'()'/(' -/-+'(/*( :/ (89*+'9 -+ 9>=';'( +/' )*(

(-*>( + +(-*>( ( -6('0 + /*+'9 -6('-9, /+ (/ '9)+/('( ->9 -6('-/0' ; /- -*'/ / 0' /*'9 /+ (>**

*('( ()'*9 '9)+/(' ->( :/ 6*('( -6('-951, *( -9 :/ -(*9 6*('( +/* )-(

'(8(6(/*9'( ->( '(('*'( *(' 8(/('9 80' ->(52

.P'(>(/'( ; /-0/'( )*(' /*-/-+'(/0( )'(>9+*( :/ L(8( /'. 211!!% (

'((9, ( '(8+9, )'/ /*('>(/0 '8/(' 6/*'0( )+-(, :/9 -(* 6(-/6 /+ (*( :/'()**( :6)*'> :/*'()'/('' -'( + )'+ )8+( )'/ )*((

' /*-/-+'(/0(.

C/'6 '*. %4 / L(8( /'. 211!!%, )('/(( -( ;+ @+'-( -'( + +('* +/

)'(@+-+ - +'6'( -6*(' +/( )'-*- /*-/-+'(/0( + '()*+ -0+/( @+-'9 )(/*'+

'()''( /*(8'9 )'(@+-++, /()(/(/* ( /-0+/( 6/*'*>( + )(/( )-*(53

.D( (6(/(, '-( )('/9 -'( +*(9 + >+89, :/ *( -)+' (-=* -(( )'(>9+*( (

(8(, -+6(/*( + /'60 -+ -'-*(' ( (-'(* )'(/, )'6*( + ( -'( +* -+/;*/09 :/

:/()/'( *'+0' ( ('>-+ + :/ (89*+'9 -+ ('>-+, '9)+/( )*'>* (8 )(/(, )+*=/

8*9 ; '()''( )'(@+-++ -+* '*. %2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

A-(* *(954.

P('/(( -( + @+'-(, -'( ( -/('9 )'(@+-*( )'/*'? )'-*-9 /*-/-+'(/09

)'(>9+*9 :/ L(8( /'. 211!!%, >' )+*( '6+ -('('( )'>/ -''( ( ()98+', :/ *('6(/ (

2 / ( * -'( (- C/++ C/-+'(/0(, )( -'( ( :/*(6(9 -0+/( :/ +',

'96 (/*>9 ' * 6(/0/+*9, :/ ** + :/ )'*(, )'/*'? *9'='( @+(-9*'(-9 (/*>9 ;

'(>-9 /. 5 '*. %1 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

A-0+/( :/ @+*0( > )+*( /*(/**9 )(/*'+ -/+6*' ; ( -9*'( aociaiile de protecia

conumatorilor (8 :/'(8*'*(, )'(-+6 ; ( -9*'( aociaiile profeionale + patronale, )(/*'+

6(6' -(*' (-*0 ( )'-*-9 /*-/-+'(/09, )( *'+0' + :6)+*('/-''

)'6*( :/ -(* (/ /. 51 '*. %1 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

51 A ( >(( D.D. G('*, 0eoria general a obligaiunilor comerciale $n raport cu tenica obligaiunilor ci!ile ,I6)'6(' N0/9, B+-+'(;*, 1!32, )). 123?137 *. D. C9')(/'+, +rept comercial roman, (0 III?, E*+' AB(-, 2HH1, )). 3%&?37H #. N-(,+icuii $n legtur cu rpunderea $n materia obligaiilor comerciale, :/ R(>* ('()* -6('-, /'. 12 1!!7, )). 112?125.

52O. C9)90:/9, QE''' R(('(/-( +'-( /* +/, )). 1%!?17H.

53D-9 +/ +/ + ('>-+ (*( -0/* +/ )'(0 (, /+ ( )*( -/(' -9 /+ ? )'+ +/ )'(@+-+ *'*9)*++ -9 +/+ + ('>-+ * '(>=/+* '*. %1 /. 2 / L(8( /'. 211!!%.

54 A ( >(( C. S*9*(-+, :/ C. S*9*(-+, C. B:'/, +rept ci!il. 0eoria generala a obligaiilor, ( III?, E*+' AB(-, B+-+'(*, 2HHH, ). 122 #. E(-+,)punderea ci!il delictual, E*+' A-(6( R.S.R., B+-+'(*, 1!72, )). 5?7.

2!


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CAPITOLUL V. PROTECIA CONCURENILOR

1. C)n'#$en! ne+)i!+( e i!! in"e$n(1.1. $oiune

P*'>* '*. 1 / L(8( /'. 111!!1 )'>/ -6*('( -/-+'(/0( /((55, -+ 6-9'( ;

-6)(*9'( +*(''(5%, -6('-/0 -'(?; (9;'9 -*>**( :/ 0' /*'9 + 80 ( ?;

(**( /+*'9 ; ( -6('-'( )'+(', ( (=';(- -*( (

-/-+'(/09 /(9 )( *('*'+ R6=/( '*. 14 / L(8( /'. 111!!1.

1.2. %apte de concuren neloial cu un grad redus de pericol

L(8( /'. 111!!1 8'+)(9 -*(( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 :/ +/-0( ( '9)+/('( @+'-9 )(

-'( /*'(/(9, )'*( '(=/ -/0/+*+ +/' -/*'>(/0, ' *(( -/**+/ /'-0+/.

L '*. 4 / (8( +/* (/+6('*( +'69*'(( )*( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 -'( )'(/*9 +/ 8'

6 6- ( )('-, -/**+/ ')n"$!enii, -9 /+ +/* 9>=';*( :/ *( ( -/0 :/-=* 9'((( -/0/+*+ +/' /'-0+/ )'(>9+*( :/ (8( )(/9

55P+-*9 :/ #/*'+ O- /'. 24 / 3H /+'( 1!!1.

5%L(8( /'. 111!!1 * 6-*9 ; -6)(**9 )'/ L(8( /'. 211!!% ; )'/ L(8( /'. 2!&2HH1.

57E*( -/('*9 - / -/*''9 +/0(' -6('-( -/**( +*'( :/ 6 /( ecretelor comerciale( +/+-6('-/*, )'/ )'-*- ( 8(/+ /((


31/40

? >+8'(, -0/'( + '( +/+ ecret comercial5&( -9*'( +/ -6('-/* + +/

'* -(*+,fr conimm/ntul deintorului(8*6 '()(-*>++ (-'(* -6('- ; :/*'?+/

6 contrar uzanelor comerciale cintite? $nceierea de contracte)'/ -'( +/ -6('-/* 8+'9 )'('( +/( 69' + ('( +/ -/-+'(/* + 69'+'(('>-( (, '60( / (

/*+'9 9 duneze+/++ 6(' :/*'()'/(' -/-+'(/*(%1? (''(, )'6*('( + -''( K 6@-* + /(6@-* K ( daruri ori alte a!anta*e

alariatului unui comerciant+ '()'((/*/0' -(*+, )(/*'+ - )'/ )+'*'( /(9 9 )*9 afla

procedeele ale indutriale, )(/*'+ -+/;*( + clientela ' )(/*'+ 0/( alt folo)(/*'+

/( ' )(/*'+ *9 )('/9 :/ +/ +/+ -/-+'(/*? deturnarea clientelei+/+ -6('-/* )'/ '( (89*+'' **( -+ -(*9 -(/*(9 :/

-'+funciei deinute anterior -( -6('-/*? concedierea au atragerea unor alariai +/+ -6('-/* :/ -)+ $nfiinrii unei ocieti

concurente -'( 9 capteze clienii -(+ -6('-/*, + /8@'( '0' +/+ -6('-/* :/

-)+ dezorganizrii acti!itii(%2.

5&"/ 8(/(', )'/ (-'(* -6('- ( :/0((8( /'60( >'9 + )*(/0 >'9 )(/*'+ :/*'()'/('( + *(0/9*' -'( :/-('-9 9 )9*'(( (-'(*9 )'/ /*('6(+ +/' -/*'-*( ( -/(/0**( -+ /8@0, -/*'-*/0+ )'*(/(' ; )'/ /*('6(+ +/' 69+' ( (-+'**( -9 ; ((-*'/-9.

5!#(* (*( (/+6*9 ( -*'/9 bulgre de zpad + !/nzare piramidal, ' /*/0(( @+(-9*'(;* + --*?'()* (-'-('(, )'/ -'( -6('-/*+ 0/( )'* -+ @+*'+ +/' 6/)('( '++(.

%Hublicitatea $neltoare(*( -(( -'(, :/ '-( (, /-+> )'/ 6+ ( )'((/*'(, /+-( + )*( /+-( :/ (''(

)('/(( -9'' ( '((9 ' -'( + -/*-* -+ -(* ; -'(, / -+ -'-*('++ :/;(9*', )*( (-*-6)'*6(/*+ (-/6- -(' /+; :/ (''(, )'(@+-/ + )+*=/ )'(@+- +/ -/-+'(/* '*. 3 *. / L(8( /'.15&2HH& )'>/ )+-**(.

%1R9)=/'( ( /'60 )('*>( ; '9+>*'( -+ )'>'( )('/, :/*'()'/('( + )'+(( +/+ -/-+'(/* ' )'+(( +/+ 8'+) (*('6/* ( -/-+'(/0 :6'-9 '6 denigrrii, - -* ( -/-+'(/09 /(9. D(/8''()'+(' + ('>-' -/-+'(/*++ ( '(('9, -( 6 ((, -**( + )'(0+ -(*'.

%2A*'8('( +/' '0 +/+ -6('-/* 6)-9 (-( ( -/-(('( -( )'0/( +/( )('/(, -'(, concomitent,://0(9 /+9 -(**( -6('-9, -+ -(; (-* ( -*>**( - -( -/-+'(/*++ ; -0/(9 )( -((; )09'((>/*9. "/ -(* -, -/-(('( *'(+( 9 6-(( (*+'/'( ( )('/. A*=* *6) -=* 6*>(( -/-((' +/*6)+*( /8@0', (>/ /-(/*( '(8+( / C+ 6+/-. A*'8('( '0' +/( '6( -/-+'(/*( )'/)'6+/( ( >/*@( )(-+/'( /+ -/**+(, :/ /(, +/ -* ( -/-+'(/09 /(9. C+ **( -(*(, -9 ( -/**9 -9

)'6+/( + * 9-+*( cu copul de al dezorganiza)( *+ /8@*', /( 96 :/ )'((/0 +/+ -* ( -/-+'(/09/(9. D('8/'( :/*'()'/(' -/-+'(/*( )'/ *'8('( '0' ( 9 :/ *'=/9 (89*+'9 -+piona*ul economic,)(/*'+ -9, /'(-*, )'/ /8@'( )('/++ :/*'()'/(' '>(, ( -*(9 --(+ (-'(*(( -6('-( (-/-+'(/*++ + )*( (*+'/*9 -(/*(.

31


32/40

1.!. %apte de concuren neloial grave

F)*(( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 -+ +/ 8' '-* ( )('- -, '(=/ -/0/+*+ +/'

infraciuni+/* )'(>9+*( '*. 5 / L(8( /'. 111!!1, +)9 -+6 +'6(9

? foloirea ilegal +/( '6(, />(/0, 69'-, /-0 8(8'-(, +/+ ((/ + 6(

/+*', +/' *)8' ( +/+ -'-+* /*(8'*, +/( (6(6( + +/+ 6@ ( /*+'9 9)'+-9 confuzie-+ -(( *( (8*6 ( * -6('-/*%3

? )+/('( :/ -'-+0( ( 69'+' contrafcute ;+ )'*, -9'' -6('-'( +-(

atingere titularului mrcii; /+-( :/ (''( -/+6*'+ +)' -*90 )'+++('>-++? foloirea $n cop comercial '(+**(' +/' e-perimentri -9'' 0/('( /(-(** +/

('* -/(' + *' /'60 (-'(*( :/ (89*+'9 -+ -(*(, *'/6( +*'*90' -6)(*(/*(

:/ -)+ 0/(' +*'0' ( -6('-'( )'+(' '6-(+*-( + )'+(' -6-(

(*/*( 8'-+*+', -'( -/0/ -6)+; -6- /%4

? di!ulgarea informaiilor)'(>9+*( /*('' '(('*'( '(+**(( +/' (=/'(

+/' mrfurier!icii)+'*=/ meniuni fale)'>/ '(>(*(( ( />(/0, 69'-(, /-0( 8(8'-(,

((/(( + 6((( /+*'(, *)8'( ( -'-+*( /*(8'*(, *( *)+' ( )')'(**( /*((-*+9

-+6 ' )(-*+ ('( /+6((

%3N0+/( ( -/+( (*( *9 :/ 6 -/** :/ '()*+ )')'(*90 /*((-*+(, )( *9'=6+ -9'( ( )'( *+/- -=/( '()'+-( + ( 6*9 +/ (6/ */-*> 6'-9, (6(69, /+6( -6('- + 6@. C/+ '()'(/*9 -*+ (-/-+'(/09 /(9 -'( -/*9 :/ 6+'( -'(9 -*>*90 )( )09 +*'++ + )'(/0 (6/(' */-*>( (:/*'()'/(', )'+(' + ('>-' +/+ -6('-/*. "/ *+0 :/ -'( -/+ ( '(('9 )'+( + ('>-, ()'(-9 -9 +/ -6)(**' :/-('-9 9 ( )')( ( )'+(( + ('>-( +/( :/*'()'/(' '>( -+ -)+ ( /+-( :/(''( -(/*(.

%4P'-*-, '6 -/-+'(/*9 :; :/+;(;*( ; (;*( 9'9 '()* '(+**(( (*9 ( >+8'( 9'9 '()* '(+**(' (+8'( ? '(* :/ -+'( )'(>9+*( (+8(, '(-+'8 )'-*-9 /(9.

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)'+-9*'++ + -6('-/*++, $n copul de ai induce $n eroare pe ceilali comerciani i pe

beneficiari%7.

1.#. &spunderea 'uridic pentru concuren neloial

S9>=';'( )*(' ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 )'((/**( )*( 9 *'89 '9)+/('(

contra!enional+penal ; ci!il -=/ )* -/*'>(/0/9 + /'-0/9 )'+-( ; )8+(,)(/*'+ ( 8+' *( (9;+''( -*>*90 -6('-( :/ -/0 +/(.

"/ +/(( -+', ( )* -+6+ 6 6+*( '6( ( '9)+/(' @+'-( '9)+/('( ->9 -+

'9)+/('( )(/9 ' -+ -( 6/*'*>9%&.

P*'>* -*'/( ; @+')'+(/0(, '9)+/('( )(/*'+ -/-+'(/09 /(9 /*('>/( *+/- -=/

(9 )(/*'+ -*(( ; )*(( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 -'(

( 9>=';(- :/ '(0( -6('-( ( +/6(/*(9 )( '(8(6(/*9'( )(-( -+)'/( :/ L(8( /'.111!!1, -6)(**( -+ )0( 8(/('( ( C++ -> ; ( C++ ( )'-(+'9 ->9.

P*'>* '*. % / L(8( /'. 111!!1, )('/ -'( 9>=';(;*( +/ -* ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 >

8*9 9 $nceteze+ 9 $nlture-*+, 9 retituie documentele confideniale$nuite $n mod ilicit(

(0/9*'+ ' (8*6, ;, +)9 -, 9plteac depgubiri pentru daunele pricinuite.R9)+/('( @+'-9 )(/*'+ )'(@+-( -+*( )'/ 9>=';'( +/+ -* ( -/-+'(/09 /(9

'( - :/ 69+' :/ -'( +/* :/()/*( -/0( --( ( '9)+/(' ->( (-*+(? 9>=';'( +/( )*( -*(? (


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-/*'>(/0/( + /'-0/(, -9 ? )'+ +/ )'(@+-+ 6*(' + 6' '*. ! /. 1 /

L(8( /'. 111!!1.C6)(*(/0 6*('9 :/ +0/'( *8' ->(, ' ; )(/(, -'( >'9- /*'?+/ -*

( -/-+'(/09 /(9 )'0/( *'+/++, - /*/09 ( /. D/ )+/-* ( >(('( *('*',

-6)(*(/* (*( *'+/+ ( -+ 9>=';' )*( ' *'+/+ :/ -9'+ '9 *('*'9 ( 89(;*(

(+ )='=*++ + /-+)*++, ' :/ +', :/ -+ )( +/+ (+, -6)(*(/0 '(>/(

*'+/++ ( 6-+ )='=*++ + /-+)*++ '*. 7 /. 1 / L(8( /'. 111!!1.P'/ *9'='( *9 +)' /++, /*/0 ( @+(-*9 )*( 9 (-9 8'( )='=*++ 9

:/-(*(( + 9 :/9*+'( -*+ -*, 9 )9*(-9 ()98+' )(/*'+ +/(( 6*('( + 6'(

)'-/+*( ; 9 '(**+( (0/9*'++ (8*6 -=/ (*( -+, -+6(/*(( -/(/0( :/+;*( :/

6 -*.D-9 )* * 9>=';*9 ( +/ '* :/ -+'+ ()+*( >( -9, )*'>* +/0(', /+ (' :/ 69+'9 9 )'(>/9 -6*('( )*(.

D( (6(/(, )('/(( -'( + -'(* :6)'(+/9 )'(@+-+ rpund olidar)(/*'+ -*(( +

)*(( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 9>=';*( '*. ! /. 3 / L(8( /'. 111!!1.*/ R(-#n&e$e! ')n"$!eni)n!+(. A9*+' ( -*(( -/*'>(/0/( (/+6('*( '*. 4 /

L(8( /'. 111!!1 )'((/**( )-*. 1?2, )'/ '(8(6(/*9'( -+)'/( :/ ('*( -*( /'6*>( +/*

)'(>9+*( ; *( )*( -/*'>(/0/(, )'/ -'( ( (-*(9 -/-+'(/0 9, -+6 ' ? '*. 4 / L(8( /'. 15&2HH&, '(('*'( /('()(-*'( )'(>(('' (8( )'>/

/*('-('( )+-*90 :/;(9*'(? '*. % / L(8( /'. 15&2HH&, )'>/ :/-9-'( )0' (8( '(('*'( )+-**(

-6)'*>9? '*. 15 /. 1 / L(8( /'. 3%32HH7, '(('*'( +*'( ( -9*'( -6('-/0 +/'

)'-*- -6('-( /-'(-*(? O'//0 G+>('/++ /'. !!2HHH )'>/ -6('-'( )'+(' ('>-' ( )09,

-'( '(8(6(/*(9 +/ /+69' 6'( ( -/*'>(/0 '(('*'( )'-*- -6('-( /*('(, )'(-+6

>=/'( )'69, >=/'( '0*9 ; >=/'( -+ )'6( )'/ :/-9-'( )0' (8(Contra!eniile( -/**9 ('( )9'0 >9*96*(, -6('(' ( -6('0 ; /+*'( ' /

-+, de ctre peronalul de control $mputernicit $n acet cop de Coniliul Concurenei , -'( )-9amenda'*. 4 /. 2 / L(8( /'. 111!!1.

"/ *+0( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 -( (-*(9 :/ 6 (6/-*> +/-0/'( -/-+'(/0( )(

)0 '((>/*9 (-**9, C/+ C/-+'(/0( > *'/6*( -6('(' ( -6('0 ; /+*'( *('*'(

-*(( ( (-( )**( )(/*'+ -+'( -'( -/**+( -/*'>(/0( '*. 4 / L(8( /'. 111!!1.P*'>* '*. 31 / O.G. /'. 22HH1, :6)*'> proceului!erbal de contatare a contra!eniei i

de aplicare a anciunii( )*( -( )=/8('( :/ *('6(/ ( 15 ( ( * :/6=/9' + -6+/-9'

-(*+, -'( > +0/*9 ( @+(-9*' :/ -9'( -'-+6-')0( * 9>=';*9 -/*'>(/0 '*.

32 /. 2 / O.G. /'. 22HH1.

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'/ R(-#n&e$e! en!+(. C/-+'(/0 /(9 (*( /-'6/*9 :/ 0' /*'9 )'/ '*. 3H1 /

C+ )(/ )** :/ /+ 1!%& ; '*. 5 / L(8( /'. 111!!1.

P*'>* '*. 3H1 C. )(/., /'-0+/( ( -/-+'(/09 /(9 -/*9 :/ '-'( ' )+/('( :/

-'-+0( )'+(' -'( )'*9 (/+6' ( '8/( ' /-0 ( )'>(/(/09 (, )'(-+6 ;

)-'( )( )'+(( )+( :/ -'-+0( ( 6(/0+/ ( )'>/ '(>(*(( ( />(/0, ' '(+/' /+6( -6('-( + (/+6'' '8/0' ( -6('0 ' /+*'(, :/ -)+ ( /+-( :/

(''( )( (/(-'.

C/'6 '*. 5 / L(8( /'. 111!!1, /'-0+/( )'(>9+*( :/ -(* *(=/, -/'6 L(8 /'. 211!!%, *'+0 ; :/ -( )'>(;*( />(*8'( )*(' ( -/-+'(/09

/(9.

2. C)n'#$en! ne+)i!+( e i!! in"e$n!i)n!+(

2.1. (umping)ul

!/ C)n'e"#+ &e in0. D+6)/8?+, :/ '(0( /*('/0/(, -/*9 :/ >''( ( 69'+'

:/ *( 09' +/ />( /('' >' /'6(%! -+ 6+* + )'(0+'( )(0( ; + -*+'( (

)'+-0( ('(/0 ( )'(0 )=/9 >'( '(9, ( )09, '(+**9 / -(*9 )*-9 ( (

'(-+)('*9 +*('', )'/ 69''( )'(0+'', +)9 :/'=/8('( -/-+'(/0(.

P(/*'+ )'6 '9 +6)/8?+ * (/* :/ '*. VI, )+/-*+ 2.1 / A-'+ G(/(' )(/*'+

T'( ; C6('0 / 1!47, - / practic neloial care cont $n introducerea produelor unei ri

pe piaa altei ri la un pre inferior !alorii lor normale, )'-*-=/+?( *( +/ )'(0 ( (


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"/ -/(-/09, (-*+ +6)/8?++ : -/**+( '-( )'+ -'( (*( ('( /'69.*/ C+!-ifi'!$e! f)$e+)$ &e in0. "/ +/-0( ( (-*, )(' ( *6) :/ -'( ( )'-*-9

; ((-*(( )'+( ( -( 6 '(->(/* :/*=/*

: -/**+( +6)/8?+ ( 69'+' ; ('>-? ')'** )(' ( *6) :/ -'( ( )'-*-9, +6)/8?+ )*( poradic, intermitent i

continuu? +)9 ((-*(( )( -'( ( )'+-(, */8(6 :/*'( +6)/8?+ condamnabil ; -(

necondamnabil.'/ E+een"e+e &efini")$ii !+e in0=#+#i. D/ )+/-* ( >(('( *(/-, +6)/8?+ (

(/*-9 ; ( )'(-9 )'/ *'( -6)/(/*( ( 9

? !aloarea normal 69'? preul de e-port, -'( (*( /('' 09 ( >'( /'69? mar*a de dumping, -'( '((-*9 (-@+ /*'( >'( /'69 ; )'(0+ ( ( + -'( +'6(9 9 ( )9** )(/*'+ )'++ >=/+* (=/+*( )(/*'+ )'6 '9 +/+ -+6)9'9*' /()(/(/*73.

C=/ ( --+(9 )'(0+ ( (=/'(, )'(-+6 ; ( 6'@9 ( )'*,

)(/*'+ * +/ )'(0 ( ('( /'69, --+*9

- 6(( )/('*9 )( *)+' ( )'+(, -+ )'(0+ ( (/0(( )'+++ '()(-*> + )'(/*9

-'-*('*- '*( )')*( -(' ( )'+++ '()(-*>.73"/ *+0 :/ -'( )'+(( /+ +/* '(>=/+*( +/+ -+6)9'9*' /()(/(/* + /+ +/* '(>=/+*( :/ *'( :/ -'( ('+-=/ + * 6)'**(, )'(0+ ( (


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&/ P$)'e$! ')*!"e$ii in0=#+#i 7!n"iin0/. "/ )/ /*('/0/ ((+ U/+/ E+')(/( ((( ((/0( -+ )'>'( *'( +6)/8?++ + )'(@+-++.P9'0( :/ -+9 >' )'6 -)( R(8+6(/*++ -'( ( )+-9 ; :/ J+'/+ O-

U/+/ E+')(/(.#9+'( /*+6)/8 $nceteaz+)9 -/- / ( /**+'( *+ C6*(*++ -/+**>, )*( )+/( upendarea 69+''

/*+6)/8 )( )('9 ( /+9 +/, -+ )**( )'(+/8' )=/9 +/ /, *+/- -=/ -/0(

)(0( ?+ -6* *(6)'', *( :/-=* (*( )+0/ )' 9 '()'9 >'(+/ )'(@+-+.

2.2. ubveniile

!/ N)i#ne ,i '!$!'"e$i-"i'i. "/ '*. 1 /. 1 / A-'+ )'>/ +>(/0( ; 69+'(

-6)(/*', / 1!!4, ub!enia (*( (/*9 - -/*'+0( //-'9 + '-( *9 '69 (

)'@/ )(/*'+ +0/('( )'@/'( >(/*+'' ' )'(0+'', >(/*9 / )'*( )+*('' )+-(, -9

)'/ -(* ( -/('9 +/ >/*@ (/(-'++.

B(/(-( +>(/0' ( 6*('(9 :/ '(+-('( )'(0++ )'+++ +>(/0/*.R(8+( U/+/ E+')(/( '(('*'( ub!enii +/* -+)'/( :/ R(8+6(/*+ CE /'.

5!72HH! C/++, / 11 +/( 2HH!, )'>/ )'*(-0 :6)*'> 6)'*+'' -'( - (-*+

+/' +>(/0 / )'*( 09'' -'( /+ +/* 6(6'( ( C6+/*90 E+')(/( R(8+6(/*+ ( 9.D(; +6)/8?+ ; +>(/0( +/* +9 /0+/ ('*(, *(6+ -'( 8+>('/(9 )-'(

69+'' +*( :6)*'> ' (*(, :/ )'/-)+, -(;."/ -/'6**( -+ '*. 3 / R(8+6(/*+ ( 9, +>(/0( (/ )'-*-( ( +6)/8 ;..

75T( ( *(- )'/ R(8+6(/*( ( C/++ E+')(.37


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? 9 (/9 ( +*'*90( )+-( ( 09' ( '8/( + ( (/*@ 09 ( 0 -/-+'(/0. Contribuia financiar +*'*90' )+-( 6)-9 +/ tranfer'(-* (fonduridin domeniul

public /0, :6)'+6+*+' + )'*-)9' -)*+ - + (garanii din fonduri publice)(/*'+

:6)'+6+*+'.T* -/*'+0( //-'9 (*( ; -=/ +*'*90( )+-( /+(9 + /+ :/-(9 datorie

)+-9 ((+ ' -9+* -+(9 +/ )'(@+-+ -('0 )'+-9*' -'( /+?; 6 )* >/( )'+((

)'(0+ /'6, :/-9-=/+?( *( '(8+( ( -/-+'(/09.*/ C)n&iii 'e$#"e en"$# -"!*i+i$e! e;i-"enei #nei -#*enii. P(/*'+ *'( ((/0, (*( /(-(' 9 ( :/*'+/*( +'69*'(( -/0? -''( +/( +>(/0? +>(/0 9 -+(( +/ )'(@+-+ +/( /+*' )'0/=/ )0++ U/+/ E+')(/(? :/*'( 6)'*+'( +>(/0/*( ; )'(@+-+ 9 ((-#$i+e &e ne#"$!+i!$e ! efe'"e+)$ -#*eniei.P*'>* )'/-)++ 8(/(' (/+/0* :/ '*.

1 /. 1 / R(8+6(/*+ ( 9, ) "!;( ')en-!")$ie)*( 6)+9 )(/*'+ /(+*' '-(

+>(/0( -'*9, '(-* + /'(-*, '-'(, )'+-0, ((/0( +/* /0*( )( +/( pl/ngeri, -'( *'(+( 9

'()(-*( )'(>(('( '*. 1H / R(8+6(/*+ ( 9.

An'?e"!'( - (-* *=* *'( e-itenei ub!eniei, -=* ; pre*udiciului.

P( )'-+'+ />(*89', -9 ( '((9 (*('6/'( )'(9 +/( +>(/0, +/+

)'(@+-+ ; +/( (89*+' ( -+**( :/*'( -(*(, C6 E+')(/9 )*( + 69+' )'>',

+ '6 ta-elor compenatorii pro!izorii.

V'( *' /+ )*( 9 ()9;(-9 >'( **9 +>(/0( ;

*'(+( 9 ( -' 6 6-9 (-=* -(*9 >'(, /(()9;/, ( (6(/(, )'(@+-+ +('* (

/+*'( / U/+/(.

7%P'(6 /*('-(' +>(/0' //-'( / )'*( +*'*90' )+-( ( )+/( :/ -+'( -=/ +/ )('*' (-/6-*'(+( 9 (9;'( -*>**( ( 6)'* ? (*( **+ /(/ -0/' )'/-), + '+ ( '8/6( )+-( (-=* -9 (( :/

-(* (/. D-9 **+ (*( -0/' 6@'*', -6)/ )*( -/('*9 '8/6 )+-.7&C/*'+0( //-'( )* -'*( :/ 6 '(-* ( /**+0( )+-9 + /'(-* )'/ /*('6(+ +/+ '8/6)'>*.

3&


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"/ -+ :/ -'( /*('' ( )-( ; *(, -+ -( )+0/ +/9 ://*( (9 :/ -( 69+'9 *'(+(

)('-()+*9 '(>- *'( /+ ( -/'69.F/'( />(*80' )*( -/+-( ( repingerea7!pl/ngerii, ( admiterea&H(. D(

(6(/(, />(*80( +/* /*( )'/ retragerea pl/ngerii, -+ ('( *'( +>(/0( ; )'(@+-++&1.

V'( *' **( +>(/0(

-'*( ;, :/ '-( -, /+ 6 6'( (-=* )'(@+-+ + +/( /+*' / U/+/( E+')(/9.

T9 '96=/( :/ >8'( ' )( )(' /(-('9 )(/*'+ -6)(/ +>(/0( -'(

+- )'(@+-.

"/ 8(/(', 69+'9 -6)(/*'( (/*>9 (+* - (-* *=* +>(/0, -=* ;

)'(@+-+ K -+ (((;*( -9 ((/0( ' -=/ +>(/0 '( >'( /(8@9.

&HP=/8('( (*( 69 *+/- -=/ :/ +'6 />(*80( ( *(;*( ((/0.

&1O -)( '(8+6(/*++ (*( *'69 )9'0' /*('(*(.3!


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D 4 Dreptul Concurentei

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