Curs de Engleza 1

LIMBA ENGLEZA - INCEPATORI

STRUCTURA CURSULUI

LECTIA 1: Fonetica, Alfabet, Scrierea cu majuscule, Titluri

LECTIA 2: Articolul

LECTIA 3: Pronumele, Substantivul, Genitivul

LECTIA 4: Numeralul cardinal si ordinal

LECTIA 5: Familia, Zilele saptamanii, Lunile anului

LECTIA 6: Adjectivul si Adverbul

LECTIA 7: Cum exprimi ora in limba engleza?

LECTIA 8: Prepozitii

LECTIA 9: Prezentul Simplu si Continuu

LECTIA 10: Trecutul Simplu si Continuu


LECŢIA I – LESSON 1

Fonetica (Phonetics)

Pronunţia în limba engleză

Vocale ( vowels)

Consoane (consonants)

Diftongi (diphthongs)

Alte simboluri ( Other symbols)

Vocale (vowels)

Vocale sunt clasificate în limba engleză în vocale lungi şi vocalescurte.

Pronunţia acestora va fi exemplicată în tabelul următor:

Vocale lungi ( longvowels )

Vocale scurte ( shortvowels )

meet ship head farm hat above

Lectia 1

Pronuntia in limbaengleza


coo foot mother(US)

horse sock (UK) bird cup

Consoanele (consonants)

Consoanele sunt clasificate în limba engleză în voiced şi voiceless.

Pronunţia acestora va fi exemplicată în tabelul următor:

voiced voiceless book pen

day towngive catvery fishthe thinkzoo sayvision shejump cheeselookrunyeswemoonnamesing

Pronunţia diftongilor va fi exemplificată în tabelul următor:

Diftongii

day eye boy mouth nose (UK) nose (US) ear (UK) hair (UK) pure (UK)

Consoanele

Diftongii

!


Alte simboluri ( Other symbols)

/ h&nd / handrestaurant

happy

butter (US)

influenza

little

r – se pronunţă numai înaintea unei vocale în British Englishfour four apples

Accentul

Accent principal (main stress) Accent secundar (secondary stress) Despărţirea silabelor (syllable division)

main stress expectation

secondary stress retell

. syllable division system

Alfabetul (The alphabet)

a [ei] b [bi:] c [si:] d [di:] e[i:] f[ef] g[dji:] h [eitch]I [ai] j [gei] k [kei] l[el] m[em] n [en] o [ou] p [pi:]q[kju:] r [a:] s [es] t ti:] u [ju:] v [vi:] w['dablju:]

x [eks]

y [wai]z [zed]

Alte simboluri

Accentul

Alfabetul

!


!!! Când pronunţaţi pe litere (în special la telefon) folosiţi alfabetulfonetic pentru a evita confuziile.

Alfabetul fonetic (The Phonetic Alphabet)

A Alpha B BoyC Charlie D DayE Earth F FoxG Golf H houselI Italy J JoyK Kilo L LadyM Michael N NovemberO Oliver P PopeQ Question R RomeoS School T TaxU Uniform V VictoriaW Whisky X X – rayY Yankee Z Zoo

Alfabetul fonetic


Names (Nume)

FirstName/ChristianName (primul

nume saunumele de

botez)

MiddleName

(al doileanume)

sau(MiddleInitial)

(Initiala)

LastName/Surna

me(Numele de

familie)

Helen Beatrice M BrownDavid Mark W Smith

Dialogue

What's your full name please? – Care este numele tau complet?

My first name is Maria and my last name Pascalli. – Prenumele meueste Maria si numele de familie este Pascalli.

Sorry , what was your last name again? – Imi pare rau, imi putetirepeta numele dvs. de familie?

Pascalli.

I'm sorry I don't understand. Could you repeat that more slowly please.– Imi pare rau darn u inteleg. Ati putea repeta dar mai rar, va rog.

Pasc-all-i.

How do you write that? Could you spell it please? – Cum se scrie? Atiputea sa-mi spuneti pe litere, va rog?

P-a-s-c-a-double l-i - P-a-s-c-a-doi l-i

And your first name please? – Si prenumele dvs. va rog?

Maria

Pardon? – Pardon?

Maria – M-a-r-i-a.

Nume

Dialog


And what is your telephone number please? – Care este numarul dvs.de telefon, va rog?

2-3-8-7-1-8

Thank you. – Multumesc.

You're welcome. – Cu placere.

!!! Cand apar se dubleaza doua litere vom spune in engleza"double __" si litera respective.

Exemplu: “double l” in Antonella

Capitalisation (Scrierea cu majuscule)

Atunci cand spunem pe litere este necesar sa mentionamdaca se va scrie cu majuscule (CAPITALS) sau cu litere

mici (small )cuvantul respectiv."How do you spell UNESCOplease?"/ Cum scrieti pe litereUNESCO?

"Capital U-N-E-S-C-O." / Culitere mari U-N-E-S-C-O.

"How do you spell T-Onlineplease?"/ Cum scrieti pe litere T-Online?

"Capital T dash capital Osmall n-l-i-n-e."/ Cu litere mariT liniuta litera mare O literemici n-l-i-n-e.

"How do you spell 1&1 Profiplease?"/ Cum scrieti pe litere1&1 Profi?

"1 ampersand 1 capital P smallr-o-f-i." / 1&1 cu litere mari Pcu litere mici r-o-f-i.

Scrierea cumajuscule

!


Titles (Apelative)

Master

Young male(tanar barbat)

Note: Used with thefirst name. (Sefoloseste cuprenumele)

Rarely used today.(Este folosit rar in

zilele noastre.)

Master Edgar/Stapane Edgar

Mr.

Adult male (marriedor unmarried). (Sefoloseste cu genul

masculine – casatoritsau necasatorit).

Mr.Smith/Domnul

Smith

Miss

Young or AdultFemale

(unmarried) (tanarafemeie necasatorita)

MissThatcher/Domnis

oara Thatcher

Mrs. Female (married)Doamna (casatorita)

Mrs.Reynolds/Doamn

a Reynolds

Ms.

Female (married orunmarried) (Femeie

casatorita saunecasatorita)

Note: Often used inbusiness. (Se

foloseste adesea inafaceri)

Ms. Brown/Doamna/Domnis

oara Brown

Exercitiu:

Scrieti numele dvs. pe litere folosind alfabetul fonetic.

Apelative

Exercitiu


Recapitulare

1. Fonetica

2. Alfabetul

3. Scrierea cu majuscule

4. Titluri

Recapitulare

Lectia 1


Lectia 2 – Lesson 2Articolul

În limba engleză există trei articole:

A (articol nehotarat) AN (articol nehotarat) THE (articol hotarat)

Nu se foloseşte articol atunci când se face referire la lucruri în general,iar articolul “the”nu reprezintă “all” (toţi).

Exemplu:

"Books are expensive." = (All books are expensive.)

Cărţile sunt scumpe. = (Toate cărţile sunt scumpe.)

"The books are expensive." = (Not all books are expensive, just theones I'm talking about.)

Cărţile sunt scumpe. = (Nu toate cărţilr sunt scumpe, doar cele desprecare vorbesc.)

A / AN

“A” şi “AN” sunt articole nehotărâte în limba engleză.

Articolul

Exemplu

!

Lectia 2


Se foloseşte articolul “A” atunci când substantivul la carefaci referire începe cu o consoană.

Se foloseşte articolul “AN” atunci când substantivul lacare faci referire începe cu o vocală.

De exemplu:

"I saw an elephant at the zoo." (Am văzut un elefant la grădinazoologică.)

"I ate a banana for lunch." (Am mâncat o banană la prânz.)

THE

Se foloseşte articolul “THE” atunci când persoana cucare vorbeşti ştie sau îşi poate da seama despre cepersoană / lucru vorbeşti.

De exemplu:

"The apple you ate was rotten." (Mărul pe care l-ai mâncat a foststricat.)

"Did you lock the car?" (Ai închis maşina?)

De asemenea, se foloseşte articolul “THE” atuncicând s-a menţionat deja lucrul despre care sevorbeşte.

De exemplu:

"She's got two children; a girl and a boy. The girl's eight and theboy's fourteen." (Ea are doi copii; o fata şi un băiat. Fata are opt ani şibăiatul are paisprezece ani. )

Se foloseşte articolul “THE” atunci când facem referire lalucruri singulare precum: Soarele, vantul, lumea, etc.

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

!

!


De exemplu:

the sun, the wind, the world, the North Pole etc.

!!! Totuşi dacă doriţi să faceţi referire la un anumit lucru dintre acesteaar trebui să folosiţi a/an.

De exemplu:

"I could hear the wind." / "There's a cold wind blowing." (Am auzitvântul. / Bate / suflă un vânt rece. )

"What are your plans for the future?" / "She has a promising futureahead of her." (Care sunt planurile tale de viitor? / Ea are un viitorpromiţător în faţa ei.)

NU SE FOLOSEŞTE articol cu ţări, state, judeţe, provincii,lacuri, munţi, cu excepţia "The United States".

De exemplu:He lives in Washington near Mount Rainier. (El locuieşte înWashington lângă Mount Rainier )

Se foloseşte articol când ne referim la ape, oceane, mări:

De exemplu: My country borders on the Pacific Ocean. (Ţara meaare graniţe la Oceanul Pacific.)

NU SE FOLOSEŞTE articol atunci când vorbim despre lucruriîn general.

De exemplu: I like Russian tea. (Imi place ceaiul rusesc.)She likes reading books. (Ei îi place să citească cărţi.)

NU SE FOLOSEŞTE articol atunci când vorbim despremâncare, locuri şi transport.

De exemplu:He has breakfast at home.(El ia micul dejun acasă.)

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

!

!


I go to university.(Merg la universitate.)He comes to work by taxi.(El vine la serviciu cu taxiul.)

Exercitii

1. Folosiţi articolul nehotărât „a / an” sau articolul zero în loculpunctelor:

1. There were many dogs in the park. One dog was ___ Dalmatian.

2. Lions and ___ tigers are both endangered animals.

3. She is wearing ___ blue T-shirt and red earrings.

4. California is ___ state in the United State of America.

5. Christmas comes once ___ year.

6. ___ bee is __ insect.

7. The Danube is ___ river.

8. I went to the shop to get ___ bread.

9. He broke ___ plate when he was washing dishes.

10.You should take ___ coat.

Exercitii


2. Completaţi spaţiile libere cu articolul nehotărât “a /an”:

Exemplu: We read …… a newspaper.

We read a newspaper.

1. Ann likes ……cat.

2. Mike has got …….old motorbike.

3. Let's sing ……..song.

4. Peter has got …….uncle in Berlin.

5. Kate needs ……..new bed in her room.

6. He has got …….exercise book in his school bag.

7. I must find ……..black dress.

8. We listen to …….English song.

3. Completaţi spaţiile libere cu articolul nehotărât “a /an”:

1. There is …….new German book on the desk.

2. She's reading ………old novel.

3. They've got …….idea.

4. He is drinking …….cup of tea.

5. The girl is ……engineer.

6. Bucharest has got …….airport.

7. This is ……..expensive house.

8. ……..bird is flying above the tree.

9. My mother has got ……..beautiful dress.

10. My friend likes to be ……..lawyer.


4. Completaţi spaţiile libere cu articolul hotărât “the” unde estenecesar sau marcaţi cu “-“ acolo unde consideraţi că nu estenecesar:

Exemplu: I enjoyed …. The summer in …..Greece.

I enjoyed the summer in - Greece

Hello Ann,

I arrived in ……Romania last Tuesday. We left …..Bucharest, flew

over .…Carpathians and made a quick stop in ……London. There we

went shopping in …….Unirea, visited …….Antipa Museum and

enjoyed a sunny afternoon in …..Herastrau Park.

On the following day we left for Brasov. ……time on board wasn't

boring as there were two films to watch on …….TV. ……people on

……plane were all …….Roamnian. Before we landed at …….Henri

Coanda airport., ……hotel I stayed in was on …..corner of …….32nd

Street. I don't like …….hotels very much, but I didn't have ……time

to rent an apartment.

Please say hello to Paul and Laura.

Yours,

Dan


Recapitulare Lectia 2

1. Articolul:

– articol nehotarat - a

– articol nehotarat – an

– articol hotarat - the

Recapitulare

Lectia 2


Lectia 3 – Lesson 3

PRONUMELE PERSONAL

Nominativ

I = EuYou = TuHe = ElShe = Ea It = El, Ea (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite)We = NoiYou = VoiThey = Ei

Exemplu

I live in New York. (Eu locuiesc in New York.)

Do you like playing tennis? (Iti place sa joci tennis?)

He doesn't want to come this evening. (El nu vrea sa vina in

seara aceasta.)

She works in London. (Ea lucreaza in Londra.)

It won't be easy.(Nu va fi usor.)

We are studying pronouns at the moment. (Studiem pronumele

in momentul acesta.)

You went to Paris last year, didn't you? ( Noi am fost la Paris

Lectia 3

Nominativ

Exemplu


anul trecut, nu-i asa?)

They bought a new car last month. (Ei au cumparat o masina

noua lua trecuta.)

Genitiv

Mine = Al meuYours = Al tauHis = Al luiHers= Al eiOurs = Al nostruYours = Al vostruTheirs = Al lor

Exemplu

That house is mine. (Aceasta casa este a mea.)

This is yours.(Acesta este al tau.)

I'm sorry, that's his.(Imi pare rau, acesta este al lui.)

Those books are hers.(Aceste carti sunt ale ei.)

Those students are ours.(Acesti studenti sunt ai nostri.)

Look over there, those seats are yours.(Uita-te chiar acolo, acele

scaune sunt ale voastre.)

Theirs will be green.(Ale lor vor fi verzi.)

Dativ

(to) me = mie(to) you = tie(to) him = lui(to) her = ei (to) it = Lui, ei (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite) (to) us = noua(to) you = voua(to) them = lor

Genitiv

Exemplu

Dativ


Acuzativ

me = pe mineyou = pe tinehim = pe elher = pe eait = pe el, pe ea (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite)us = pe noiyou = pe voithem = pe ei

Exemplu

Give me the book.(Da-mi cartea.)

He told you to come tonight.(El ti-a spus sa vii diseara.)

She asked him to help.(Ea l-a rugat pe el sa o ajute.)

They visited her when they came to New York.(Ei au vizitat-o

pe ea cand s-au dus la New York.)

She bought it at the store.(Ea l-a cumparat de la magazin.)

He picked us up at the airport.(El ne-a luat de la aeroport.)

The teacher asked you to finish your homework.(Profesoara v-a

rugat sa terminate tema.)

I invited them to a party. (I-am invitat la o petrecere.)

NOTA ! Pronumele posesive au aceeasi forma ca si adjectivele posesive(my, his, her). Diferenta este ca obiectul urmeaza adjectivulposesiv, darn u urmeaza pronumele posesiv.

Exemplu:Possessive Pronoun: That book is mine. – Cartea este a mea.Possessive Adjective: That is my book. – Aceasta carte este a mea.

Acuzativ

Exemplu

!Exemplu


PRONUMELE DEMONSTRATIVE

PRONUMELE DEMONSTRATIVE this, that, these, those serefera la obiecte.

This si these sunt pronume demonstrative de apropiere.

That si those sunt pronume demonstrative de departare.

Exemple:

This is my house. (Aceasta este casa mea.)

That is our car over there. (Aceea de acolo este masina noastra.)

These are my colleagues in this room. (Acestia sunt colegii mei

din camera aceasta.)

Those are beautiful flowers in the next field. (Acelea de pe

campul urmator sunt flori frumoase.)

Possessive Adjectives

Adjectivele posesive - my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their suntadesea confundate cu pronumele posesive. Adjectivul posesiv facereferire la substantiv pentru a arata posesia.

I'll get my books. (Voi adduce cartile mele.)

Acuzativ

Exemplu


Is that your car over there? (Aceea de acolo este masina ta?)

That is his teacher, Mr Jones. (Acesta este profesorul lui, dl. Jones.)

I want to go to her store. (Vreau sa merg la magazinul ei.)

Its color is red. (Culoarea lui este rosu.)

Can we bring our children? (Puten sa aducem si copiii nostrii ?)

You are welcome to invite your husbands. (Ne face placere sa-I

invitam pe sotii vostri.)

They bought their children a lot of presents. (Ei au cumparat copiilor

lor o multime de cadouri.)

SUBSTANTIVUL

Genul substantivelor:

Genul masculine (man, father, boy)

Genul feminin (mother, sisiter, aunt, nurse, actrees)

Genul neutru (atunci când nu exista nici o specificare de genmasculine sau feminin: dog, nose, hand)

Genul comun (atunci când substantivul poate fi şi masculineşi feminin, genul reieşind din context: teacher, worker,singer, American, writer)

Pluralul substantivelor:

!!! Regula generală: singular + s

Singular + ssingular plural

car carsbook Books

Apelative

Pluralulsubstantivelor


cap Capsroof Roofsteacher teachersday Daysboy Boyslamp lampshat hatscup cups

EXCEPŢII:

Substantivele terminate în ch, sh, s, ss, z, x fac pluralul în es.

singular pluralbox boxessandwich sandwichessuitcase suitcasesbrush brushesclass classesciucus circuses

Excepţie! : stomach – stomachs, epoch - epochs

Substantivele terminate în y fac pluralul în două feluri:

Dacă y este precedat de o vocală, acesta va ramâne şise va adăuga s.

Dacă y este precedat de o consoană, acesta se vatransforma în i la care se va adăuga es.

vocală + y + ssingular Plural

boy boysday daysplay plays

!

!


Consoană + y = iessingular plural

city citieslady ladiesbaby Babiescountry countriesfactory factories

Substantivele terminate în o fac pluralul în două feluri înfuncţie de perioada când au intrat în limbă.

Singular + s

Singular + es

Singular + ssingular plural

piano pianosradio radiosdomino dominos

Singular +essingular plural

potato potatoestomato tomatoesnegro negroes

Sustantivele de origine greacă terminate în sis fac pluralulîn ses.

singular pluralcrisis crisesthesis thesesanalysis analysesbasis bases

Substantivele terminate în fe sau f fac pluralul în ves, ftransformându-se în v.

singular plurallife lives

!

!

!


wife wivesknife knivesshelf shelvesleaf leavesthief thieveswolf wolvesscarf scarves / scarfs

Substantivele de origine greacă, latină, franceză, italiană facplural în doua feluri ca în limba de origine (nomenclaturaştiinţifică) şi ca în limba engleză (vorbirea curentă).

singular pluralvertreba vertrebraedatum datastratum strataphenomenon phenomenacriterion criteriaplateau plateaux

SUBSTANTIVE CU PLURALE NEREGULATE

SINGULAR PLURAL Traducerechild children copildie dice zarfoot feet piciorgoose geese gâscălouse lice păducheman men bărbatwoman women femeiemouse mice şoareceox oxen boutooth teeth dintefish fish pestesheep sheep oaie

Substantive numarabile si nenumarabile (Countables anduncountables)

In engleza sunt substantive numarabile si nenumarabile.

!

Substantive cuplurale neregulate


Substantivele numarabile sunt majoritatea substantivelor (le poticombina cu numere): ex. One egg - two eggs; a boy – two boys.

Substantivele nenumarabile nu se pot combina cu numere si suntinvariabile avand forma numai de singular sau de plural; acesteapot denumi fie notiuni concrete (water, salt, steel, trousers,scissors, furniture, money, luggage), fie notiuni abstracte (advice,business, beauty, knowledge, philosophy, poetry, love, peace).

Substantivele nenumarabile pot fi insotite de unele constructiiprecum:

A cup of coffee/tea

A glass of milk/beer/wine

A bottle of beer/wine

A sheet of paper

A drop of water/oil

A piece of furniture

A loaf of bread

An item of news

A bit of information/news/work/luck/evidence

A grain of corn/sand

A piece/word of advice

A pot of jam

A lump of sugar

A slice of bread/ham/cheese

!


GENITIVUL

Genitivul sintetic

- se adauga desinenta ‘s la substantivul respectiv care are forma desingular sau plural:

Exemplu:

The pupil’s book – cartea elevului

The chlidren’s toy – jucaria copiilor

11. prin adaugarea apostrofului fara s:

Exemplu:

My cousins’ house – casa verisorilor mei

Our neighbours’ daughter – fiica vecinilor nostril

The Smiths’ children – copii familiei Smith

Mr. James’ opinion – parerea dl. James

Genitivul prepositional

se formeaza cu ajutorul prepozitiei “of”

Genitivul

Exemplu

Genitivul sintetic

Genitivulprepozitional


Exemplu:

The roof of the house – acoperisul casei

The clothes of the girl – hainele fetei

The keys of the car – cheile masinii

The name of the school – numele scolii.

Exercise 1

Completati cu formele corecte de plural:

singular pluralthief

churchtomato

forklamp

turkeylifenose

potatobus

Exercise 2


singular pluralstaplewolfpiano

kangaroofork

cloudfiremanfriend

Exemplu

Exercitiu

Exercitiu


heroboy

Exercise 3


singular pluralfly

nightpencilbeliefpersondoorkeyleaftoy

tornado

Exercise 4


1. bike - 2. cat - 3. cake - 4. watch - 5. invitation - 6. game - 7. box - 8. cage - 9. desk - 10. pencil -

Exercise 5


1. scarf - 2. family - 3. boy -

Exercitiu

Exercitiu

Exercitiu


4. house - 5. city - 6. man - 7. child - 8. sandwich - 9. nurse - 10. shelf -

Exercise 6


1. half - 2. kilo - 3. woman - 4. foot - 5. mouth - 6. sheep - 7. penny - 8. bus - 9. day - 10. fish -

Exercise 7


1. ox - 2. roof - 3. potato - 4. knife - 5. deer - 6. chief - 7. photo - 8. brother-in-law - 9. video - 10. series -

Exercise 8


1. tomato -

Exercitiu

Exercitiu

Exercitiu


2. tooth - 3. aircraft - 4. chorus - 5. mouse - 6. crisis - 7. passer-by - 8. radius - 9. grown-up - 10. crossroads -

Exercise 9

Completati propozitiile cu forma de singular sau plural asubstantivelor din paranteza:

Example: There is a ____ on the table. (book/books) Answer: There is a book on the table.

1. The dog is sitting on my………... (bed/beds)2. There are two …………on my desk. (pencil/pencils)3. I have got two ………. (brother/brothers)4. They are riding their ……... (bike/bikes)5. We have got a ………. (dog/dogs)6. How many ………..have you got in your bag? (book/books)7. My mother has got a new ……….. (computer/computers) 8. There are three windows in the ………. (room/rooms)9. Susan has got four ………. (poster/posters)10. There is one …………on the floor. (pen/pens)

Exercise 10

Alaturati urmatoarele constructii substantivelor:

advice, chocolate, jam, lemonade, meat, milk, oil, rice, tea, tennis

Exemplu: a cube of sugar

1. a piece of …..2. a packet of ……3. a bar of ……..4. a glass of ……5. a cup of …….

Exercitiu

Exercitiu


6. a bottle of …….7. a slice of ……..8. a barrel of …….9. a game of ……..10. a jar of ……..

Exercise 11

Completati cu forma corecta de genitiv:

1. the coats of the ladies

the lady's coatsthe ladies' coatsno genitive possible

2. the countries of Blair and Chirac

Blair's country and Chirac'sBlair and Chirac's countriesBlair and Chiracs countries

3. the hobbies of the women

the womens hobbiesthe woman's hobbiesthe women's hobbiesthe womens' hobbies

4. the shoes of the players

the players' shoesthe players's shoesthe player's shoes

5. the future of our boys

our boy's futureour boys' futureour boys's future

6. the diary of my boss

Exercitiu


my boss's diarymy boss' diary

7. the clothes of men

mens clothesmen's clothesmens' clothes

8. the business of Anne and Francis

Anne and Francis' businessAnne's and Francis' businessAnne and Francis's businessAnne's business and Francis's



1. Pronumele

- pronumele demonstrative

- adjectivele posesive

2. Substantivul

– Genul substantivelor

– Pluralul substantivelor

– Substantive cu plurale neregulate

3. Genitivul

– Genitivul sintetic

– Genitivul prepozitional

Recapitulare

Lectia 3



NUMERALUL CARDINAL

1 one2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten

11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen17 seventeen18 eighteen 19 nineteen20 twenty

21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 24 twenty-four 25 twenty-five 30 thirty

Lectia 4

Numeralul cardinal


40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred 200 two hundred 250 two hundred and fifty 1,000 one thousand 2,000 two thousand 2,574 two thousand five hundred and seventy-four 1,000,000 one million 2,000,000 two million 1,000,000,000 one billion

NUMERALUL ORDINAL

the 1st / first = primulthe 2nd / second = al doileathe 3rd / third = al treilea the 4th / fourth = al patruleathe 5th / fifth = al cincileathe 6th sixth = al saselea the 7th / seventh = al saptelea the 8th / eighth = al optulea the 9th / nineth = al noualea the 10th / tenth = al zecelea the 11th / eleventh = al unsprezecelea the 12th / twelfth = al doisprezecelea the 13th / thirteenth = al treisprezecelea the 14th / fourteenth = al patrusprezecelea

Numeralul ordinal


the 15th / fifteenth = al cincisprezecelea the 16th / sixteenth = al saisprezeceleathe 17th / seventeenth = al saptesprezeceleathe 18th / eighteenth = al optusprezecelea the 19th / nineteenth = al nouasprezecelea the 20th / twentieth = al douazecileathe 21st / twenty-first = al douazecilea the 22nd / twenty-second = al douazecisiunulea the 23rd / twenty-third = al douazecisidoilea the 24th / twenty-fourth = al douazecisipatruleathe 30th / thirtieth = al treizecilea the 50th / fiftieth = al cincizecilea the 100th / hundredth = al o sutalea

Scrieti urmatoarele cifre in litere:

1245, 570, 2.152.343, al 14-lea, 300, 999, al 23-lea, 2006, 145.



1. Numeralul cardinal

2. Numeralul ordinal

Recapitulare

Lectia 4


Lectia 5 – Lesson 5FAMILIA SI GRADELE DE RUDENIE

Jack is married to Ann. She is his wife and he is her husband. Theyhave a daughter and a son. The son's name is Mike and the daughter'sname is July. The live next to Ann's parents, John and Monica. John isAnn's father and Monica is her mother. John is Jack's father-in-lawand Monica is his mother-in-law. Mike is John's grandson and July isMonica's granddaughter. Ann has a sister and brother. Her sister'sname is Mary and her brother's name is Frank. Frank has two children,Dave and Sharon. Sharon is Ann's niece and Dave is Ann's nephew.Ann is their aunt and Jack is their uncle.

Husband (sot) Wife (sotie)Son (fiu) Daughter (fiica)

father–in-law (socru) mother-in-law (soacra)Uncle (unchi) Aunt (matusa)

Nephew (nepot de unchi/matusa) Nice (nepoata de unchi/matusa)Grandfather (bunic) Grandmother (bunica)

Grandson (nepot de bunic/bunica) Granddaughter (nepoata debunic/bunica)

Father (tata) Mother (mama)Brother (frate) Sister (sora)

Exercitiu:

Completati folosind correct posesivele (my, your, son's, Jack'setc.):

Lectia 5Familia si gradelede rudenie

Exercitiu


I myYou yourHe hisShe herIt its

We ourYou yourThey theirJack Jack's

Jack is married to Ann. She is his wife and he is ……..husband. Theyhave a daughter and son. The ………name is Mike and the ……….name is July. The live next to Ann's parents, John and Monica. John isAnn's father and Monica is …….mother. John is Jack's father-in-lawand Monica is ………mother-in-law. Mike is ……..grandson and Julyis Monica's granddaughter. Ann has a sister and brother. ………sister's name is Mary and her …….name is Frank. Frank has twochildren, Dave and Sharon. Sharon is Ann's nice and Dave is Ann'snephew. Ann is …….aunt and Jack is …….uncle.

The days of the week (Zilele saptamanii)Zilele saptamanii Weekend

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday SundayMon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Zilele saptamanii


Prepositions (Prepozitii)

Pentru zilele saptamanii vom folosi prepozitia on.

Exemplu:

This year my birthday is on Saturday.

Pentru “weekend” folosim at.

Exemplu:

I never work at the weekend.

! Zilele saptamanii se scriu intotdeauna cu majuscule.

The months of the year (Lunile anului)

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Ianuarie

Februarie

Martie

Aprilie

Mai

Iunie

Iulie

August

Septembrie

Octombrie

Noiembrie

Decembrie

Prepozitii

!Lunile anului



Pentru lunile anului folosim prepozitia in.

Exemplu:

Christmas is in December.

In England it rains a lot in April.

My birthday is in September.

! Lunile anului se scriu intotdeauna cu majuscule.

The seasons (Anotimpurile)

Winter (iarna) Spring(primavara) Summer (vara) Autumn

(toamna)Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov


Pentru anotimpuri folosim prepozitia in.

Exemplu:In Russia it is cold in (the) winter.

! Anotimpurile nu se scriu cu majuscule.

Exercitiu:

Scrieti data nasterii dvs. si data curenta.

Prepozitii

Anotimpurile

!

Exercitii



1. Familia si gradele de rudenie

2. Zilele saptamanii

3. Lunile anului

4. Anotimpurile

Recapitulare

Lectia 5


Lectia 6 – Lesson 6ADJECTIVUL

Adjectivele sunt folosite pentru a descrie substantivele. Adjectivelesunt intotdeuna invariabile.

Exemplu: He is a good doctor.

Exemplu: beautiful trees, they are happy

NOTA !!!

11.Adjectivele nu au forma de singular sau plural, masculin,feminin sau neutru.

12. Adjectivele au intotdeauna aceeasi forma! Nu adaugamniciodata “-s” la un adjectiv.

13.Adjectivele pot fi puse si la sfarsitul propozitiei daca se refera lasubiectul propozitiei respective.

Example: My doctor is excellent.

GRESIT !!!: difficults books

REGULA: Adjectivele preceda substantivul.

Example: a wonderful book very interesting people

ATENTIE!

Lectia 6

Adjectivul

Exemplu

!

Exemplu

!


Nu asezati adjectivul dupa substantive.

GRESIT!!: an apple red

ADVERBUL

Adverbele modifica verbul. Ele arata How (Cum) este facut un anumitlucru.

Exemplu: How does he she sing? - He sings beautifully.

REGULA: Adverbele se formeaza de obicei adaugand “-ly” la unadjective.

Exemplu: beautiful - beautifully, careful - carefully

ATENTIE!

Unele adjective nu isi schima forma cand devin adverbe !

Exemplu: fast - fast, hard - hard

Pentru adjectivul “good”, adverbul folosit va fi “well”.

GRESIT!!: He plays tennis good.

REGULA: Adverbele pot modifica si un adectiv. In acest caz,adverbul precede adjectivul.

Adverbul

Exemplu

Exemplu

!


Exemplu: She is extremely happy. They are absolutely sure.

REGULA: Adverbele de frecventa (always, never, sometimes, often,etc.) se aseara de obicei intre auxiliary si verbul principal:

Exemplu: He is often late for class. Do you always eat in arestaurant? They don't usually travel on Fridays.

ATENTIE!

Adverbele de frecventa care exprima “infrequency” (nefrecveta)nu se folosesc in propozitii negative sau interrogative:

GRESIT! Does she rarely eat fish? They don't seldom go tothe cinema.

Adverbele de frecventa pot aparea adesea si la inceputulpropozitiei:

Exemplu: Sometimes, he likes to go to museums.

Adverbele de frecventa vor fi asezate dupa verbul “to be”.

Example: He is sometimes late for work.

Exercitiu:

Adverb or adjective ?

1. I feel bad /badly about what happened yesterday. I didn't know youwere going to take everything so serious / seriously.

2. This beer tastes too bitter / bitterly for my liking.

3. She looked at me tender / tenderly and said soft / softly that Ilooked good / well in my shirt.

4. I could easy / easily convince him not to become too excited withall the media attention.

5. He turned the car cautious / cautiously as not to drive into the nice/ nicely laid-out border of the neighbours.

!

!

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exercitiu


6. Have you ever been wrong / wrongly accused of something?

7. "My brother is an incredible / incredibly successful businessman",he said cynical / cynically, "he's just gone bankrupt for the fifth time!"

8. Unfortunate / Unfortunately, all the milk has gone sour / sourlyovernight.

9. She hasty / hastily ran down the stairs, quick / quickly picked upher coat and umbrella and disappeared in the unusual / unusuallymysterious night.

10. The number of visitors to the exhibition dropped considerable /considerably in the second week.



1. Adjectivul

2. Adverbul

Recapitulare

Lectia 6



HOW TO TELL TIME IN ENGLISH

I usually get up at a quarter past six - that's six fifteen in the morning. I

have breakfast at seven o'clock and then take the bus to school at half

past seven. I usually arrive at school at a quarter to eight. Sometimes,

the tube is late and I arrive at about eight. I am at school until twelve

o’clock. Then I go home at noon. In the afternoon, I usually do my

homework until five fifteen. I usually finish my homework at a quarter

to five and play tennis till half past seven in the evening. At night, I

usually go to bed at eleven o'clock.

Reguli de exprimare a orei in limba engleza:

In engleza, folosim “past” pentru aexprima ora dupa o anumita orapana la jumatate, sau 30 minutetrecute de ora respectiva.

Folosim “to” pentru a arata cateste ceasul pana la orarespective, de la 31 minutepana la ora exacta.

In engleza folosim “o’clock” numaiatunci cand exprimam ora exacta.

Exemplu: It’s seven o’clock.

Putem exprima de asemeneaora in grupuri de cate douacifre.

Exemplu: It’s nine thirty-four.Atunci cand ne referim la diferitemomente din timpul zilei vomfolosi: in the morning, in theafternoon, in the evening.

!!! In engleza folosim “ atnight” NU in the night.

Top of FormExprimati in engleza urmatoarele ore:

10:30, 12:45, 9:45, 4:25, 7:55, 6:10, 2:28.

Lectia 7

!


Recaptitulare Lectia 7

1. How to tell time in english

Recapitulare

Lectia 6



PREPOSITIONS

PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

At, On, In :

Aceste prepozitii sunt folosite pentru a exprima ora si data evenimentelor,activitatilor, situatiilor:

e.g. at three o'clock. in June. on Monday.

At :

at + particular time (perioada a zilei): dawn, midday, noon, night, midnight, nineo'clock etc.. e.g. at dawn.

at + the + a particular time in a week/month/year (perioada asaptamanii/lunii/anului): start/end of the week/month/year, weekend. e.g. at thestart of July.

at + calendar festival season (anotimpuri, sarbatori calendaristice): Christmas,New Year, Easter etc.. e.g. at Easter.

at + meal (masa a zilei): breakfast, lunch, mid-morning, tea, dinner, supper etc..e.g. at breakfast.

On :

on + day of the week (zi a saptamanii): Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday etc. e.g.on Thursday.

on + particular part of a day (moment anume al zilei): Friday morning,Saturday afternoon. e.g. on Sunday evening.

on + particular date (data anume): 25 July 2001, 4 January. e.g. on 19 March.

on + calendar festival day (sarbatoare calendaristica): Christmas Day, PalmSunday. e.g. on Easter Sunday.

In :

in + the + a part of a day (moment al zilei): the morning, the afternoon, evening.e.g. in the afternoon.

in + month (luna): January, February, March, April, May etc.. e.g. in June.

Lectia 8

Prepozitii


in + season of the year (anotimp): Spring, Summer, Autumn. e.g. in Winter.

in + specific year (an): 1988, 1989, 1990 etc.. e.g. in 1999.

in + the + a specific century (secol anume): nineteenth century. e. g. in thetwentieth century.

in + historical period of time (perioada istorica): the Dark Ages, Pre-historicTimes. e.g. in the Middle Ages.

NOTA!!! Nu se folosesc prepozitii daca ziua/anul are each, every, last, next, thisinaintea acestora:

e.g. I go to England every Christmas ( not at every Christmas )

I'll see you next Monday afternoon. ( not on Monday afternoon )

Martin left home last evening. ( not in the evening )

For and Since :

Aceste prepozitii explica how long (de cat timp) un eveniment, activitate, situatiecontinuua:

e.g. for three days since last Thursday

For :

for + a period of time (perioda de timp): two days, one week, three months, fouryears e.g. for the weekend.

e.g. Michael went to Latvia last year for three weeks.

!


I am in Poznan for ten days.

My cousin will be visiting the West Indies for two months next February.

Since:

since + a point of time (perioada de timp) + past tense: last week, the warended, 1990, yesterday.

e.g. My sister and her husband have worked in India since 1991.

Ann has been very ill since yesterday evening.

During and While :

Aceste prepozitii arata o perioada de timp in care un eveniment, activitate sausituatie a avut loc:

e.g. during the next month while I was swimming.

During :

during + a noun or phrase (substantiv sau expresie): the war, the nineteenthcentury: e.g. during my schooldays.

e.g. Magda received many telephone messages during the last week.

I am seeing Simon during the morning.

Winston will return to England during the Christmas Holiday.

While :

while + subject + verb: to eat, talk, swim, walk etc.

e.g. We will take you to the theatre while we are in London.

While Joanna was in Spain, she didn't go to a bull fight.

NOTA ! In Engleza, While poate fi adesea inlocuit de when cand au acelasiinteles.

while + infinitive + -ing (Present Participle): thinking, running, driving etc..

e.g. While swimming in the sea, Mike was attacked by a shark.

Ella met Andrew while studying English at Oxford.


Before and After :

e.g. before the weekend after the holiday

Before :

before + a noun (substantiv): Monday, Christmas, examinations etc.. e.g. beforethe weekend.

before + subject + verb: to eat, study, swim, talk. etc..

e.g. He spoke to his teacher before the examination began.

Before you say anything, I must explain why I am here.

before + infinitive + -ing (Present Participle): to read, write etc.. e.g. beforeeating. -

After :

after + noun (substantiv): the lesson, the meal etc. e.g. after the journey

after + subject + verb: to draw, sit, read etc..

e.g. Patricia was very happy after she won the tennis match.

Why did the Queen smile after the President shook her hand?

After she finishes her studies, Ann will work in Poland.

after + infinitive + -ing (Present Participle): to decide, say, report etc.. e.g. aftercrying.

By, until, till :

e.g. by Sunday until April 1995 till next week

By = not later than

Until/till explica how long (de cat timp) continua sau va continua o activitate.

NOTA!!! Until/till au acelasi inteles: till este forma scurta a lui until.

By :

by + noun describing time/date (substantive care descriu ora/data): thisafternoon, tomorrow, Thursday.


e.g. Please pay me by Friday morning.

Will you finish your work by four o'clock?

By the end of the year, Donata spoke English very well.

Until, till :

until/till + noun describing time/date (substantive care descriu ora/data) : nextweek, this evening, tomorrow.

e.g. Tom's wife will stay here until/till the end of next week.

Until/till the end of the month, you can use my computer.

The Williams Family lived in Germany until/till 1991.

From - - - - to/until :

From . . . . . to/until definesc inceputul si sfarsitul unei perioade:

e.g. from April 1989 to July from November until March

From - - - - - to/until/till :

From + time/day/date/year to + time/day/date/year

e.g. From 1987 until 1991, Mary was at university in Leeds.

Each day, Arthur works in the bank from nine till five thirty.

My shop will be closed from 1st July to 31st August.


2 - PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE (PREPOZITII DE LOC)

At, on, in :

At, on and in sunt prepozitii de loc:

e.g. at the cinema on the wall in the shop

At :

at + the + place (loc): the cinema, theatre, school, cross roads etc.. e.g. at the bank.

at + specific place (anumit loc): Heathrow Airport, Buckingham Palace: e.g. atNotre Dame Cathedral.

at + specific address including the house number/name (adresa specificaincluzand numarul casei/numele): e.g. at 33 rue de La Fayette, Paris.

NOTA ! In Engleza, at nu se foloseste in mod normal cu nume de sate, orase.

On :

on + a/the + surface of a place or object (suprafata unui loc sau obiect): shelf,wall, floor, ceiling etc.. e.g. on the table.

on + the directions (directii): left/right/other side/nearside/far side: e.g. on theleft.

on + levels of a building (etaje ale cladirii): first floor, second floor, top flooretc.. e.g. on the ground floor.

on + the + parts of a ship (parti ale vaporului): port side/ starboardside/bow/stern.

on + parts of the body (parti ale corpului): his foot, her leg, our heads etc.. e.g.on his left arm.

on + a/the + types of transport (mijloace de transport): horse, bicycle, train,foot etc.. e.g. on the ferry, on a horse.

NOTA ! Englezii folosesc in a car ( nu on a car ).

In :

!

!


in + names of countries (nume de tari): France, England, Poland etc.. e.g. inBelgium.

in + names of towns, villages, cities (nume de orase, sate): Warsaw, London etc..e.g. in Brussels.

in + named places (nume de locuri): Buckingham Palace, the Louvre etc.. e.g. inWindsor Castle.

in + the + geographical regions (regiuni geografice): Auvergne, Lake Districtetc.. e.g. in the Alps.

in + streets, roads, avenues (strazi, bulevarde): Moniuszki, Fish Street etc.. e.g.in Stratford Avenue.

in + the + rooms and places (camere, incaperi): kitchen, bedroom, foyer,auditorium etc.. e.g. in the bathroom.

in + the + weather (vreme): sun, rain, hail, snow etc.. e.g. in the fog.

in + parts of the body (parti ale corpului): his foot, her leg, our heads etc.. e.g. inhis foot.

in + a/the + types of transport (mijloace de transport): car, train, van, lorry,airplane, ship e.g. in a train.

Exceptii :

at the moment on holiday in a loud/angry/quiet/low voice

at this/that moment on the radio in a good/bad mood

at the same time on television in a bad temper

at no time on the menu in a suit

at present on the agenda in a new dress

at the end/beginning in clean/dirty/new shoes

!!! Unele expresii se folosesc fara a/the:

at school in bed

at home in business

!


at school in hospital

at school in prison

at work

at university

at 37 k.p.h.

!!!! Ambele prepozitii on si in pot fi folosite atat pentrumijloace de transport cat si pentru parti ale corpului:

On se foloseste atunci cand se face referire detaliata la o parte a corpului saumijloc de transport.

In se foloseste atunci cand se face referire la pozitie.

e.g. Peter travelled to London on the train. - tipul

John sat in the last carriage of the London train. - pozitia

Joanna has a cut on her left arm. – parte a corpului

Ana has broken a bone in her wrist. – pozitie a corpului

At and in pot fi folosite cu locuri unde se gasesc o multime de oameni: cinema,theatre, church, stadium etc..

Ambele prepozitii at and to pot fi folosite cu locuri:

e.g. At school, there are forty teachers and four hundred pupils. - no movement(static)

Marcin is cycling to London to visit his friends. - movement (miscare)

Ambele prepozitii at and to pot insoti anumite verbe: intelesul verbului este altul infiecare caz: to throw, run, shout.

e.g. Bill threw a stone to me. ( a friendly action ) – actiune prietenoasa

Bill threw a stone at me. ( a hostile action: intending to hurt someone ) – actiunehostila

Maria ran to me. ( a friendly action ) – actiune prietenoasa

Maria ran at me ( a hostile action: intending to attack ) – actiune hostila


Eric shouted to me. ( a friendly action ) – actiune prietenoasa

Eric shouted at me ( a hostile action: intending to express anger ) – actiune hostila

Prepozitia by este adesea folosita cu mijloace de transport: by plane, bicycle,horse, car, ferry, horse, lorry, ship, train

e.g. The businessmen travelled to Africa by plane and in Africa, they travelled bycar.

NOTA !!! Walking is travel on foot ( NU by foot ).

Exercitii:

1. Completati cu prepozitia corespunzatoare:

1. She lives ………a nice flat on the second floor.

2. Our main office is ………. Victoria Street.

3. I'm afraid Jack is not in at the moment. He will be ……..holidays for 3 weeks.

4……….. Christmas Eve we all joined to have dinner together.

5. I worked in a school ……..five years.

6 Someone phoned us twice …………the night.

7.The president lives ……… 10, Downing Street.

8. Our house is ………. a small street.

2. Completati cu prepozitia corespunzatoare:

1. After four years of hard work and study he succeeded ……. getting a university

degree.

2. What are you laughing ……… ? Do you think I look funny?

3. Do these keys belong ……. your brother? I’ve found them ……. the floor.

4. He took a long time to recover ……. his operation.

5. We’ve run ………. salt. Could you lend me some?

!Exerciti1


6. She’s already 30 but she still depends ……….. her parents.

7. My colleague’s a very sensible worker. I completely rely …….. her.

8. Come …….. here. I want to tell you a secret.

3. Completati cu prepozitiile in / at / to sau “-“:

Top of Form

1. She went …………………….home last night.

2. He went ………………………his friend's house.

3. She arrived ………………….Washington for the party.

4. I'm going to stay ……………………home this weekend.

5. Jack works ……………………………the hotel.

6. I'm going to see Paul ……………………..Belgium this winter.

7. I arrived ………………………work early this morning.

8. She came home ……………………..early.

9. They visited ………………………..Romania last year.

10. She's going to travel …………………………French this summer.

4. Completati cu prepozitiile for / while / during:

Top of Form

1. He's been working …………………….three hours.

2. I fell asleep ……………………the film.

3. Did you see Dan ……………………your holiday?

4. We talked ………………………..an hour.

5. He watched TV ……………….I cooked.

6. What did you do ……………………..you were in Brasov?


7. I came up with a great idea ………………………..I was thinking about my

aunt.

8. He was out of work ……………………..six months before he found a new

job.

9. I broke my finger ……………………I was playing football.

10. Please, don't interrupt the teacher …………………..he is speaking.

5. Completati cu prepozitiile in / at / on:

Top of Form

Let's meet ……………………….eight o'clock.

He was born ………………………..September.

I went there ………………………..2000.

She'll be at work ………………………Tuesday.

We met ………………………..Easter day.

They drove to Sinaia …………………………September 25th.

I love to go shopping …………………………..Christmas time.

We get up early ……………………..the morning.

Do you dream ………………………night?

What do you like doing ……………………………weekends?

6. Completati cu prepozitiile in / at / on:

1.He wasn't short, he wasn't tall; he was …………………….average height.

2. The teacher asked the class to do the exercise …………………the bottom of

page 29.


3. As a child I was always ashamed …………………my parents because they were

uneducated.

4. I was always very good …………………….Mathematics when I was a child.

5. We arrived …………………….Bucharest at 3.30 in the morning.

6. I didn't see you ……………………the party on Sunday.

7. He saw her as the most attractive woman……………the world.

8. Jack is completely useless…………….. sports.

7. Alegeti una din prepozitiile de mai jos pentru a completa spatial

liber:

1. "Late ... school again ?"

On

For

At

To

2. John is very good ... Physics.

At

In

For

With

3. This mushroomsoup tastes ... tomatoes !

Of

After

To


About

4. That's just typical ... Carol to forget her own birthday.

With

On

For

Of

5. I'm so glad I got the contract. I'm really keen ... working in Japan.

To

On

For

With

6. I have been suffering ... flu lately.

With

From

About

Of

7. I knew you were going to succeed. I'm so pleased ... you !

With

For

At

Of

8. His wife is so jealous ... him she follows him everywhere !

9. For


10. With

11. In

12. At

9. His wife is so jealous ... him she follows him everywhere he goes !

For

With

In

At

10. Yesterday I was angry ... you because I was in a bad mood.

14. At

15. On

16. To

17. With



1. Prepositions

– prepositions of time

– prepositions of place

Recapitulare

Lectia 8



PREZENTUL SIMPLU

In limba engleza, prezentul are doua forme: prezent simplu si prezentcontinuu.

PREZENTUL SIMPLU

A. FORMARE

1. La forma afirmativa se foloseste infinitivul fara particula "to" alverbului:

to swim / swim

I swimYou swimHe swimsShe swimsIt swims We swimThey swim

!!! La persoana a III-a singular se adauga terminatia -s:

2.La forma interogativa se foloseste auxiliarul do sau does (lapersoana a III-a singular) urmat de verbul respectiv:

Lectia 9

Prezentul simplu

Formare

!


Do I swim?Do you swim?Does he swim?Does she swim?Does it swim?Do we swim?Do you swim?Do they swim?

!!! La forma interogativa numai auxiliarul se conjuga.

3.La forma negativa se foloseste do not (cu forma sa contrasa don't)sau does not (cu forma sa contrasa doesn't) pentru persoana a III-asingular:

I do not (don't) swimYou do not (don't) swimHe does not (doesn't) swimShe does not (doesn't) swimWe do not (don't) swimYou do not (don't) swimThey do not (don't) swim

4.La forma interogativ-negativa se foloseste don't / doesn't,inversandu-se ordinea dintre subiect si auxiliar:

Don't I swim ? Don't you swim ? Doesn't he swim? Doesn't she swim? Don't we swim ? Don't you swim? Don't they swim ?

!!! Forma contrasa e cel mai des folosita.

B. FOLOSIREA PREZENTULUI SIMPLU

1. Pentru a descrie o actiune care se repeta in mod regulat, oactiune obisnuita, permanenta:

!

!Folosireaprezentului simplu


I go to my office every morning. (Merg la birou in fiecare dimineata). Do you comb your hair every day? (Te piepteni zilnic?)

Se vor folosi adverbe precum:

every day, every week, etc. pozitia: la sfarsit sau la inceput depropozitie

Exemplu: I eat an apple every day.(Mananc un mar in fiecare zi.)

Every week I go to the supermarket.(In fiecare saptamana merg lasupermarket.)

usually, often, seldom, always, sometimes, generally, never,occasionally, etc. pozitia: dupa subiect

Exemplu: I usually play tennis on Saturday afternoon. (De obiceijoc tenis sambata dupa-amiaza.)

from time to time, once a week, twice a week, etc. pozitia:numai la sfarsitul propozitiei

Exemplu: I go to cinema once a week. (Merg la cinematograf odata pe saptamana.)

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu


2. Pentru a exprima un obicei:

Exemplu: He reads a lot. (El citeste mult.)She doesn't smoke. (Ea nu fumeaza.)

3. Pentru a exprima un adevar general valabil:

Exemplu: Water freezes at 0 degrees. (Apa ingheata la 0 grade.)Dogs bark. (Cainii latra.)

4. Pentru a reda o succesiune de evenimente scurte:

Exemplu: She unlocks the door, comes in and takes off her coatnear the door. (Ea descuie usa, intra si isi da haina jos langausa.)

5. Pentru a exprima o actiune programata in viitor, care face partedintr-un program oficial:

Exemplu:The train leaves at five o'clock. (Trenul pleaca la oracinci.)

The plane takes off at two o’clock. (Avionul decoleaza la oradoua.)

We start a new term at school tomorrow. (Vom incepe un nousemestru maine.)

6. Intr-o propozitie subordonata introdusa prin if sau unless,atunci cand verbul din principala este la viitor (conditionala de tipI ):

Exemplu:I'll come if they invite me. (Voi veni daca vor veni si ei.)

7. In propozitii circumstantiale de timp (when, while, after, before,as soon as, till, until ), unde verbul din principala este la viitor:

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu


Exemplu:We'll go to the mountains when we have time. ( Vommerge la munte cand vom avea timp.)

Exercitiu

Cititi textul urmator, incercand sa identificati folosireaPrezentului Simplu:

John: Hello, my name is John. Pam: Nice to meet you John.John: What do you do? Pam: I work in a school. I'm a teacher.John: Are you married?Pam: Yes, I am.

John: Do you have children?Pam: Yes, I have a daughter and a son. John: What does your husband do?Pam: He works as a fireman. John: Do you usually go to cinema together?Pam: No, we do not, he is often busy.John: Where do you like going at weekend?Pam: We rarely go out together at weekend. However, we like goingto the mountains if we can.John: What type of music do you listen to?Pam: I often listen to pop music.John: See you next Saturday, Pam.Pam: Goodbye!

PREZENTUL CONTINUU

1. La forma afirmativa se foloseste auxiliarul “to be” la care vomadauga verbul respectiv cu terminatia “–ing”:

I am (I'm) swimmingYou are (You’re) swimmingHe is (He’s) swimmingShe is (She’s) swimmingIt is (It’s) swimmingWe are (We‘re) swimming

Exemplu

Prezentul continuu

Exercitiu

La formaafirmativa


You are (You’re) swimmingThey are (They're) swimming

2. La forma interogativa se inverseaza ordinea dintre subiect siauxiliar:Am I swimming?Are you swimming?Is he swimming?Is she swimming?Is it swimming?Are we swimming?Are you swimming?Are they swimming?

3. La forma negativa negatia “not” este alaturata verbului “to be” lacare vom adauga verbul respectiv cu terminatia “–ing”:

I am (I' m) not swimmingYou are not (aren't) swimmingHe is not (isn't) swimmingShe is not (isn't) swimmingWe are not (aren't) swimmingYou are not (aren't) swimming They are not (aren't) swimming

4. Forma interogativ-negativa se inverseaza ordinea dintre subiect siauxiliar la care se adauga si negatia “not”:

Am I not swimming ? Aren't you swimming ? Isn't he swimming ? Isn't she swimming ? Aren't we swimming ? Aren't you swimming ? Aren't they swimming ?

B. FOLOSIREA PREZENTULUI CONTINUU

1. Pentru a descrie o actiune in curs de desfasurare in momentulvorbirii.

La formainterogativa

La forma negativa

La formainterogativ -negativa

Folosireaprezentuluicontinuu


Se vor folosi adverbe precum: now, at the moment, just(now), etc

Exemplu: Look! He's wasing his car. (Priveste! El isi spala masina.) What are you doing? (Ce faci acolo?)

2. Pentru a descrie pozitiile corpului:

Exemplu: She's standing. Ea sta in picioareHe's leaning against a wall. El sta sprijinit de un perete.

3. Cand e vorba de o actiune viitoare, prevazuta sau programata:

Exemplu: They're buying a new house in May. Ei isi cumpara o casanoua in luna mai.What are you doing next Monday? Ce faci lunea viitoare?

4. Cand e vorba de ceva care se produce temporar:

Exemplu:I’m visiting my grandparents this week.

5. Impreuna cu often, forever, generally, constantly, never, always,etc pentru a exprima iritarea sau dezaprobarea:

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu


Exemplu: This child is forever crying.(Copilul acesta plange mereu.)

She is always complaining about her husband. (Ea se plangeintotdeauna de sotul ei.)

!!! Nota: verbele to grow si to get arata trecerea de la o stare la alta.

Exemplu: It is getting dark. (Se intuneca.)

My parents are growing older and older.(Parintii imbatranesc pe zi cetrece.)

Reguli de scriere a verbelor care se termina in “-ing”:

Cuvintele care se terminain doua consoane, adauga- add ing

To walk walk + ing walking

Cuvintele care se terminain doua vocale +consoana.

To sleep sleep + ing sleeping

Cuvintele terminate invocala + g To jog jog + ging jogging

Cuvintele terminate invocala + m To swim swim + ming swimming

Cuvintele terminate invocala + n To run run + ning running

Cuvintele terminate invocala + p To shop shop + ping shopping

Cuvintele terminate invocala + t To put put + ting putting

Cuvintele terminate in ie To die d + ying dyingCuvintele terminate in e To phone phon + ing phoning

Intrebari inchise si deschise cu Prezentul Continuu

Exemplu

Exemplu

!

!

Intrebari inchise sideschise


Raspunsuri afirmative “Yes”

Intrebari inchise -raspuns = yes sau no Raspuns lung Raspuns scurt

"Am I reading apoem?"

"Yes, you're readinga poem."

"Yes, you are."or "Yes."

"Is he/she reading apoem?"

"Yes, he/she'sreading a poem.

"Yes, he/she is."or "Yes."

"Are you reading apoem?"

"Yes, I'm reading apoem."

"Yes, I am." or"Yes."

"Are we reading apoem?"

"Yes, we're readinga poem."

"Yes, we are." or"Yes."

"Are they reading apoem?"

"Yes, they'rereading a poem."

"Yes, they are."or "Yes."

Raspunsuri negative “No”


"Am I listening tomusic?"

"No, I'm notlistening to music."

"No, I'm not." or"No."

"Is he/she listening tomusic?"

"No, he/she's not(he/she isn't)listening to music."

"No, he/she's not(he/she isn't)." or"No."

"Are you listening tomusic?"

"No, you're not (youaren't) listening tomusic."

"No, you're not(you aren't)." or"No."

"Are we listening tomusic?"

"No, we're not (wearen't) listening tomusic."

"No, we're not (wearen't)." or "No."

"Are they listening tomusic?"

"No, they're not(they aren't)listening to music."

"No, they're not(they aren't)." or"No."

Raspunsuri complete

Raspunsurinegative

Raspunsuricomplete



"What are youdoing?"

"I'm learningEnglish." "Learning English."

"What is he doing?" "He's learningEnglish." "Learning English."

"What is she doing?" "She's learningEnglish." "Learning English."

"What are wedoing?"

"We're learningEnglish." "Learning English."

"What are theydoing?"

"They'relearningEnglish."

"Learning English."

Exemplu

A: "Are you learning French?"

B: "No, I 'm not."

A: "What are you doing?"

B: - "I 'm teaching English."

A: "What language are you learning?"

B: "I 'm learning German."

Exemplu


Verbe care nu se folosesc la aspectul continuu

1)Verbe de perceptie: to feel, to hear, to notice, to see, to smell, totaste

2)Verbe care exprima o activitate mintala: to agree, to believe, todistrust, to doubt, to find, to foresee, to forget, to guess, to imagine, toknow, to mean, to mind, to remember, to recognize, to recollect, toregard, to suppose, to think (that) , to trust, to understand

3)Verbe care exprima o dorinta: to desire, to intend, to want, to wish,etc.

4)Verbe care exprima o posesie: to belong, to have, to hold, to keep, toowe, to own, to possess

5)Verbe care exprima atitudini, sentimente, stari emotionale: to abhor,to adore, to detest, to dislike, to displease, to like, to love, to hate, toplease, to prefer, etc.

6)Verbe care exprima o stare, o conditie: to appear, to be, to consist(of), to contain, to differ, to deserve, to equal, to exist, to resemble, toseem, to suit

Exista insa si cateva verbe din cele enumerate mai sus care se potfolosi la continuu dar isi vor schimba sensul:

to see to perceive (nu se foloseste la aspect continuu)

to meet, to visit, to interview (se foloseste la aspectcontinuu)

Ex:I’m seeing my brother tomorrow.

toexpect

to hope , to believe (nu se foloseste la aspectcontinuu)

to wait for (se foloseste la aspect continuu)

Ex: I’m still expecting the answer.

!

!


to think to believe, to give an opinion (nu se foloseste laaspect continuu)

to think of / about (se foloseste la aspect continuu)

Ex:I’m thinking about you.

to have

to possess (nu se foloseste la aspect continuu)

to take a bath, a shower, lunch, breakfast (sefoloseste la aspect continuu)

Ex: I’m having lunch.

Nota: Verbul „to have", atunci când nu inseamna „aavea, a poseda", ci este parte dintr-o expresie (to havebreakfast, to have a shower, to have a party), formeazanegativul si interogativul cu ajutorul auxiliarului„to do".

a face pe cineva sa faca ceva pentru tine(verbcauzativ) - (se foloseste la aspect continuu)

Ex: I’m having my house painted

to be to exist (nu se foloseste la aspect continuu)

comportare temporara (se foloseste la aspectcontinuu)

Ex: You are being rude today.

Exercitii:

1. Formulati intrebari pentru urmatoarele enunturi:

I usually get up at eight o'clock.

She often goes to the theater twice a week.

They live in London.

Exercitii


She is a teacher.

Yes, they have a house.

I like listening to rock music.

2.Puneti verbele din urmatoarele propozitii la interogativ si negativ:

I love my sister.

You play the guitar very well.

I trust my husband.

I have dinner at seven o’clock.

He knows my phone number.

She lives in Bucharest.

He has a cold shower every day.

We understand our friends.

The cat runs away.

She has two brothers.

3. Puneti verbele din urmatoarele propozitii la negativ si interogativ:

I am reading a book. She is writing a letter. They are playing football. My father is reading the newspaper. We are learning Japonese. His boy is playing chess. I am doing my homework. It is snowing outside. They are driving too fast. My wife is wearing a red dress.


4. Puneti verbele din paranteze la Present Simple sau la PresentContinuous:

What you (do) on Saturdays? He usually (drink) tea but now he (drink) coffee. I (not love) that girl. Please be quiet. I (try) to read the newspaper. What (you/do) with all that paper and glue? I (work) in a factory until I can find a better job. This is a very quiet town. Where (people/go) in the evenings? Ann? What the children (do)?

I think they (play) in the school yard. 9. What you (do) tonight? I (meet) Jane at six. 10. Mary usually (learn) languages very quickly but she (notseem) able to learn modern Greek.

5. Traduceti in limba engleza folosind Prezentul Simplu siContinuu:

o Bunicul plimba cainele de trei ori pe zi.o Sambata seara ea iese cu prietenii.o De obicei mergem in concediu la munte, dar anul acest

vom sta acasa.o Ce face Mike? Vorbeste la telefon?o Ce ziar citesti?o In fiecare dimineata beau ceai si mananc bicuiti.o De ce deschizi fereastra? Ninge.o Pamela asteapta un copil in ianuarie.o Cat de des mananci friptura?o Ce faci in week-end-uri? o Auzi vantul? Sufla cu putere in seara aceasta.o De ce mergi atat de repede azi? De obicei mergi incet. Ma grabesc pentru ca ma intalnesc cu fratele meu la ora4.o El spune mereu ca va repara acoperisul, darn u o face

niciodata.o Intotdeauna joc la loterie darn u castig nimic.o Mama doarme acum. Ea doarme intotdeauna dupa-


amiaza.


1. Prezentul simplu

- formare

– folosirea prezentului simplu

2. Prezentul continuu

– formare

– folosirea prezentului continuu

– verbe care nu se folosesc la aspectul continuu

Recapitulare

Lectia 9



TRECUTUL (PAST TENSE)

In limba engleza, trecutul are doua forme: trecut simplu si trecutcontinuu.

TRECUTUL SIMPLU (PAST TENSE SIMPLE)

A. FORMARE

1. La forma afirmativa se foloseste verbul cu terminatia “-ed”- dacaverbul este regulat sau a II-a forma a verbului (eat – ate- eaten) – dacaverbul este neregulat: (lista verbelor nereglate se afla la sfarsitullectiei).

learn – learned (verb neregulat)

I learnedYou learned He learnedShe learnedWe learnedThey learned

swim – swam – swum (verb neregulat)

I swamYou swamHe swamShe swamIt swam We swamYou swamThey swam

2.La forma interogativa se foloseste auxiliarul “do” la trecut –“did” urmat de subiect si infinitivul verbului respectiv:

Lectia 10

Trecutul – pasttense

Trecutul simplu


Did I swim?Did you swim?Did he swim?Did she swim?Did it swim?Did we swim?Did you swim?Did they swim?

!!! La forma interogativa numai auxiliarul se conjuga.

3.La forma negativa se foloseste did not (cu forma sa contrasadidn't) urmat de infinitivul verbului respectiv:

I did not (didn't) swimYou did not (didn't) swimHe did not (didn't) swimShe did not (didn't) swimWe did not (didn't) swimYou did not (didn't) swimThey did not (didn't) swim

4.La forma interogativ-negativa se foloseste didn't, inversandu-seordinea dintre subiect si auxiliar:

Didn't I swim ? Didn't you swim ? Didn't he swim? Didn't she swim? Didn't we swim ? Didn't you swim? Didn't they swim ?

!!! Forma contrasa e cel mai des folosita.

Reguli de scriere - verbele regulate:

Verbele terminate in -e / -d: like > liked - hike > hiked

Verbele terminate in -y:-

!

!Reguli de scriere


-y devine -ied daca este precedat de consoana:worry > worried - cry >cried

-y ramane in radacina verbului, la care se adauga -ed daca esteprecedat de vocala: play – played

B. FOLOSIREA TRECUTULUI SIMPLU (PAST TENSESIMPLE)

Exprima o actiune terminata in trecut.

Se poate folosi cu adverbe precum:, yesterday, last week, last month,last year, that day, the other day, once in 1990, on Saturday, a yearago, as, when, then etc.

Ex: They listened to music yesterday. (Ei au ascultat muzicaieri.)

We bought this house ten years ago. (Am cumparat aceastacasa acum 10

ani.)

He left his old job in 1995 and moved to another one. (Aplecat de la

Folosire trecutuluisimplu

Exemplu


vechea sa slujba in 1995 si s-a mutat la alta.)

2. Este o actiune terminata in trecut unde timpul trecut esteimplicat sau inteles.

Ex: They met in London. (Ei s-au cunoscut la Londra.)

The train was twenty minutes late. (Trenul a avut 20minute intarziere.)

Why did you leave so early? (De ce ai plecat asarepede?)

3. Exprima o actiune care s-a desfasurat intr-o anumita perioadade timp in trecut:

Ex: She worked as a secretary from May till October.(Ea a lucrat ca Secretara din mai pana in octombrie.)

He studied Polytechnics for five years. (El a studiatPolitehnica 5 ani.)

4. Exprima o actiune obisnuita, repetata in trecut.

!!! In acest caz se foloseste: used to

Eg: We used to go to the theatre in our student days.(Obisnuiam sa / Mergeam la teatru cand eram studenti.)

5. Folosim trecut simplu in conditionala de tip II.

Eg: If we moved in Bucharest I would find a job easier. (Dacane-am muta in

Bucuresti, as gasi un serviuciu mai usor.)

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu

Exemplu


TRECUTUL CONTINUU (PAST CONTINUOUS)

1. La forma afirmativa se foloseste auxiliarul “to be” la trecut(was/were) la care vom adauga verbul respectiv cu terminatia “–ing”:

!!!! CONJUGAREA VERBULUI “TO BE” LA TRECUT

I was We wereYou were You wereHe/She/It were They were

I was swimmingYou were swimmingHe was swimmingShe was swimmingIt was swimmingWe were swimmingYou were swimmingThey were swimming

2. La forma interogativa se inverseaza ordinea dintre subiect siauxiliar:

Was I swimming?Were you swimming?Was he swimming?Was she swimming?Was it swimming?Were we swimming?Were you swimming?Were they swimming?

3. La forma negativa negatia “not” este alaturata verbului “to be” latrecut (was/were) la care vom adauga verbul respectiv cu terminatia“–ing”:

I was not (wasn’t) swimmingYou were not (weren't) swimming

Trecutul continuu

!

!

!


He was not (wasn't) swimmingShe was not (wasn't) swimmingWe were not (weren't) swimmingYou were not (weren't) swimming They were not (weren't) swimming

4. Forma interogativ-negativa se inverseaza ordinea dintre subiect siauxiliar la care se adauga si negatia “not”:

Was I not swimming ? Weren't you swimming ? Wasn't he swimming ? Wasn't she swimming ? Weren't we swimming ? Weren't you swimming ? Weren't they swimming ?

B. FOLOSIREA TRECUTULUI SIMPLU (PASTCONTINUOUS)

Pentru a descrie o actiune in curs de desfasurare la un moment datin trecut.

Se vor folosi adverbe precum: at this time yesterday, yesterday at 8o’clock, etc.

!

Folosirea trecutuluisimplu


Eg: I was taking a shower when you entered the bathroom. (Faceamdus cand ai intrat in baie.) At five a clock yesterday we were playing football in the garden.(Ieri la ora 5 jucam fotbal in gradina.)

Exercitii:

1. Puneti verbele din urmatoarele propozitii la Past Tense Simple:

I sleep until 10 o’clock every day.

He meets Maria on Saturdays.

You speak French well.

I go to work by bus.

I make cakes every day.

I play football.

I dream every night.

He often feel ill.

He understands me.

She speaks solely.

Tom hurts his leg.

Who knows the answer?

We drink water.

The baby cries every night.

His dog always bites me.

Exercitii


2. Puneti verbele din urmatoarele propozitii la negativ siinterogativ:

1. We heard a terrible noise.

2. She looked at the picture.

3. They drank all the wine.

4. He lost his wallet last night.

5. His wife came at 10:00.

6. She lent you enough money.

7. She found her watch.

8. He sold the car.

9. He forgave his mother.

10. I enjoyed traveling.

11. We worked very hard.

12. Paul rang the bell.

13. He caught a flu.

14. I saw you yerstarday.

15. She ate a hamburger.

3. Puneti verbele din paranteze la Past Tense Simple sauContinuous:

1. He always (wear) a raincoat and (carry) an umbrella when hewalked to school.

2. The boys (play) cards when they (hear) their father.

3. I (see) you yesterday from the bus. Why you (use) a stick?


4. As we (come) here a policeman (stop) us.

5. While he (water) the flowers it (begin) to rain.

6. I (come) in very late last night and my mother (wake up).

7. You looked very busy when I (see) you last night.

8. He (watch) the TV when the phone (ring).

9. I (share) the same room with my brother when we were children.

10. When I (look) for my gloves I (find) this gun.

11. Yesterday John (wake) up at 6.00 am.

12. He (get) up at 6.15 a.m. and (go) to the bathroom.

13. He (have) a shower, then he (have) a shave and (brush) his teeth.

14. He (eat) breakfast at about 7.00 am.

15. After breakfast he (read) the newspaper. At 7.30 a.m. he (go) towork.

4. Traduceti in limba engleza:

18.Ai dormit bine noaptea trecuta?

19.Ieri nu am mers la scoala.

20.M-am sculat târziu ieri dimineata.

21.Duminica trecuta am fost la munte cu parintii.

22.Ieri pe vremea asta ningea.

23.Ce faceai acum o saptamana cand te-am sunat? Ma pregateam sa

merg la Plaza Romania.

24.In timp ce cautam ziarul am gasit revista aceasta.

25.Copii se jucau la calculator cand a venit mama lor.


26.Când te-ai intors de la Sinaia?

27.Ieri am stat acasa pentru ca m-am simtit rau.

28.Ieri mi-am pierdut portofelul.

29.Batea un vânt puternic când am iesit din casa.

30.Ieri m-am sculat devreme, mi-am luat micul dejun si apoi am

plecat la birou.

31.Acum doua zile l-am vazut pe Dan.

32.Cine a câstigat meciul saptamana trecuta?

Irregular verbs (Verbele neregulate)

shortinfinitive

2nd form 3rd form translation

abide abided

abode

abided a rabda; a inlocui

arise arose arisen a se ridica

awake awoke

awaked

awoken a (se) trezi

be was/were been a fi

bear bore borne a purta, a da nastere

beat beat beaten a bate

become became become a deveni

Verbe neregulate


begin began begun a incepe

bend bent bent a (se) indoi

bet bet

betted

bet

betted

a paria

bid bid

bade

bid

bidden

a ruga; a adresa(unsalut); a porunci

bind bound bound a lega

bite bit bitten a musca

bleed bled bled a sangera

bless blessed

blest

blessed

blest

a binecuvanta

blow blew blown a sufla; a bate

break broke broken a sparge

breed bred bred a creste, a educa

bring brought brought a aduce

broadcast broadcast broadcast a emite(radio, TV)

build built built a construi

burn burnt

burned

burnt

burned

a arde

burst burst burst a izbucni; a navali; acrapa


buy bought bought a cumpara

cast cast cast a arunca

catch caught caught a prinde

choose chose chosen a alege

cling clung clung a se agata

come came come a veni

cost cost cost a costa

creep crept crept a se tari, a se furisa

cut cut cut a taia

deal dealt dealt a trata, a se ocupade

dig dug dug a sapa

dive dived

dove

dived a (se) scufunda,aploja

do did done a face

draw drew drawn a trage; a desena

dream dreamed

dreamt

dreamed

dreamt

a visa

drink drank drunk a bea

drive drove driven a mana; a sofa


dwell dwelt

dwelled

dwelt

dwelled

a locui

eat ate eaten a manca

fall fell fallen a cadea

feed fed fed a hrani

fell felt felt a (se) simti

fight fought fought a (se) lupta

find found found a gasi

flee fled fled a fugi

fling flung flung a arunca

fly flew flown a zbura

forbid forbade

forbad

forbidden

forbid

a interzice

forecast forecast forecast a prevedea

foresee foresaw foreseen a prezice

forget forgot forgotten a uita

forgive forgave forgiven a ierta

freeze froze frozen a ingheta

get got got

gotten

a primi; a obtine


give gave given a da

go went gone a merge

grind ground ground a macina

grow grew grown a creste

hang hung

hanged

hung

hunged

a atarna; a spanzura

have had had a avea

hear heard heard a auzi

hide ghid hidden a (se) ascunde

hit hit hit a lovi

hold held held a tine

hurt hurt hurt a lovi, a rani, adurea

keep kept kept a tine, a pastra

kneel knelt

kneeled

knelt

kneeled

a ingenunchea

knit kinitted

knit

knitted

knit

a tricota

know knew known a sti, a cunoaste

lay laid laid a pune, a aseza

lead led led a conduce


lean leant

leaned

leant

leaned

a (se) apleca, a (se)sprijini

leap leapt

leaped

leapt

leaped

a sari

learn learned

learnt

learned

learnt

a invata

leave left left a pleca, a lasa

lend lent lent a da cu imprumut

let let let a lasa, a permite

lie lay lain a sta intins, a se afla

light lit

lighted

lit

lighted

a aprinde

lose lost lost a pierde

make made made a face

mean meant meant a insemna

meet met met a (se) intalni

mislead misled misled a induce in eroare

mistake mistook mistaken a confunda

mow mowed mown

mowed

a cosi


overcome

overcame overcome a depasi

pay paid paid a plati

prove proved proved

proven

a dovedi

put put put a pune

read read read a citi

rend rent rent a rupe, a sfasia

rid rid

ridded

rid

ridded

a se descotorosi de

ride rode ridden a calari, amerge cu(bicicleta, sania)

ring rang rung a suna

rise rose risen a rasari, a se ridica

run ran run a fugi

saw sawed sawn

sawed

a taia cu ferastraul

say said said a spune

see saw seen a vedea

seek sought sought a cauta

sell sold sold a vinde


send sent sent a trimite

set set set a potrivi, a monta, afixa, a apune

sew sewed sown

sewed

a coase

shake shook shaken a scutura, a tremura

shear sheared shorn

sheared

a tunde oi

shed shed shed a varsa(lacrimi,sange)

shine shone

shined

shone

shined

a straluci

a lustrui

shoe shod shod a potcovi

shoot shot shot a trage, a impusca, afilma

show showed shown

showed

a arata

shrink shrank

shrunk

shrunk a intra la apa, a sestrange

shut shut shut a inchide

sing sang sung a canta


sink sank

sunk

sunk a (se) scufunda

sit sat sat a sedea

slay slew slain a ucide

sleep slept slept a dormi

slide slid slid a aluneca

sling slung slung a arunca

slit slit slit a despica

smell smelt

smelled

smelt

smelled

a mirosi

sow sowed sown

sowed

a semana

speak spoke spoken a vorbi

speed sped

speeded

sped

speeded

a accelera

spell spelt

spelled

spelt

spelled

a ortografia

spend spent spent a cheltui, a petreceun timp

spill spilt

spilled

split

splilled

a varsa (lapte)


spin spun

span

spun a toarce

spit spat

spit

spat

spit

a scuipa

split split split a despica

spoil spoiled

spoilt

spoiled

spoilt

a rasfata, a strica

spread spread spread a (se) raspandi

spring sprang

sprung

sprung a izvori, a (ra)sari

stand stood stood a sta in picioare

steal stole stolen a fura

stick stuck stuck a (se) lipi, a infige

sting stung stung a intepa

stink stank

stunk

stunk a mirosi urat

stride strode stridden a merge cu pasi mari

strike struck struck a lovi

string strung strung a insira


strive strove

strived

striven

strived

a se stradui, a nazui

swear swore sworn a jura, a injura

sweep swept swept a matura

swell swelled swollen

swolled

a se umfla

swim swam swum a inota

swing swung swung a (se) legana

take took taken a lua

teach taught taught a preda, a invata(pecineva)

tear tore torn a rupe, a sfasia

tell told told a spune, a povesti

think thought thought a (se) gandi

thrive thrived

throve

thrived a prospera

throw threw thrown a arunca

thrust thrust thrust a infinge

tread trod trodden

trod

a calca, a pasi

undergo underwent undergone a suferi (shimbari)


understand

understood understood a intelege

undertake

undertook undertaken a intreprinde

wake woke

waked

woken

waked

a (se) trezi

wear wore worn a purta

weave wove woven a tese

wed wedded

wed

wedded

wed

a se cununa

weep wept wept a plange

wet wetted

wet

wetted

wet

a (se) uda

win won won a castiga

wind wound wound a rasuci, a serpui

withdraw withdrew withdrawn a (se) retrage

wring wrung wrung a stoarce, arasuci

write wrote written a scrie



1. Trecutul simplu

– formare

– folosire

2. Trecutul continuu

– formare

– folosire

3. Verbe neregulate

Recapitulare

Lectia 10

Curs de Engleza 1

Documents

Transcript of Curs de Engleza 1