Controlul Instrumentelor Si Al Ambalajelor

8/19/2019 Controlul Instrumentelor Si Al Ambalajelor

1/15

CONTROLUL IGIENEI INSTRUMENTELOR DE LUCRU ȘI ALAMBALAJELOR

CURĂȚIREA ȘI DEZINFECTAREA ÎN INDUSTRIA ALIMENTARĂ

Student

1


2/15

Cuprn!

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N#'un (ener"$e%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%&

C"pt#$u$ II%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%)

I*purt+'$e , *urd+r" pre-ente pe ut$".e$e dn ndu!tr" "$*ent"r+%%%%%%%%)A% Re!tur$e de pr#du!e "$*ent"re%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%)

B% Dep#-te /#r*"te pe !upr"/e'e%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%)

F"0t#r 0"re nuen'e"-+ !p+$"re"%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%2

Ap" /#$#!t+ $" !p+$"re%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%3

M"ter"$e$e ut$-"te 4n ndu!tr" "$*ent"r+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5

6rn0p"$e$e *"ter"$e 0e ntr+ 4n !tru0tur" !upr"/e'e$#r%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5

6rn0p"$e$e !u7!t"n'e /#$#!te 4n pr#0e!u$ de 0ur+'re , !p+$"re%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%8

1% Deter(en' "$0"$n%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%8

S#d" 0"u!t0+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%8

9dr#:du$ de p#t"!u ;p#t"!" 0"u!t0+


3/15

C"pt#$u$ I%

N#'un (ener"$e

Sp+$"re" e!te #per"'" de 4ndep+rt"re " *urd+r$#r , re!tur$#r de pr#du!e"$*ent"re 0u ".ut#ru$ une !u7!t"n'e 0@*0e 0#re!pun-+t#"re 0"re d-#$+*urd+r" , e*u$!#ne"-+ (r+!*$e re!pe0t $e !"p#n?0+% 6r#0e!u$ p#"te ?/"#r-"t de #per"' ?-0e , *e0"n0e 0u* !unt

• /re0"re" !*p$+ 0u per" !"u "$te #7e0te "u:$"re• tr"t"re" 0u u$tr"!unete• "7urre" 0u d!p#-te !pe0"$e de pu$er-"re " "7uru$u

S0#pu$ prn0p"$ r+*ne de!prndere" *urd+re de pe #7e0te , "ntren"re""0e!te"% E!te ne0e!"r 0" dup+ !p+$"re #7e0tu$ 0"re " /#!t tr"t"t !+ nu *"pre-nte pe e$ re!tur de *urd+re -7$" 0u #0@u$ $7er%

În "/"r+ de /en#*ene$e ?-0e de !#$u7$-"re , e*u$!#n"re 4n 0ur!u$pr#0e!e$#r de 0ur+'re "u $#0 , pr#0e!e ?-0#0@*0e 0"re du0 4n pr*u$rnd $" redu0ere" ten!un !uper?0"$e " re!tur$#r de *urd+re%

Me0"n!*e$e 0"re ntern pentru " !$+7 /#r'e$e de "tr"0'e dntre dep#-tu$de *urd+re , !upr"/"'" $" 0"re "der+ !unt

• u*e-re" 0"re deter*n+ redu0ere" /#r'e de "tr"0'e dntre dep#-tu$de *urd+re , !upr"/"'+

• d!per!" de!/"0ere" /r"(*ente$#r de *urd+re 4n p"rt0u$e *0 0"re!e p#t 4ndep+rt" prn 0$+tre

• pept-"re" tr"n/#r*"re" dep#-te$#r de *urd+re 4n !u!pen!e0#$#d"$+

• !u!pend"re" *en'nere" 4n !u!pen!e " p"rt0u$e$#r de *urd+re

În ?n"$ !e /"0e 0$+tre" 0u ".ut#ru$ 0urentu$u de "p+ " !u7!t"n'e$#rre*"nente%

&


4/15

C"pt#$u$ II%

I*purt+'$e , *urd+r" pre-ente pe ut$".e$e dn ndu!tr""$*ent"r+

N#'une" de *urd+re e!te /#"rte $"r(+ , 0#*p$e:+ ?nd prt+ *" "$e! !u7"!pe0tu$ pre-en'e ned#rte " un#r !u7!t"n'e 4ntrun pr#0e! pr#du! !"u"*7"$".% A0e"!t" denu*re e!te "tr7ut+ un#r !u7!t"n'e t#t"$ d/erte 0u*

!unt re!tur$e de pr#du!e "$*ent"re dep#-te$e /#r*"te pe !upr"/e'e !"u0#$#n$e de *0r##r("n!*e%

A% Re!tur$e de pr#du!e "$*ent"reA0e!te re!tur "der+ pe pere' ut$".e$#r , n!t"$"'$#r te@n#$#(0e pe der!epe!e *#7$e !"u ?:e pe !!te*e de (#$re et0%

C"ntt"te" de pr#du!e "$*ent"re re'nut+ depnde de !tru0tur" "0e!t#r" de!0#-t"te" !"u de pr#pret+'$e te@n#$#(0e "$e pr#du!u$u tr"t"t de n"tur"

, de !t"re" de ru(#-t"te " !upr"/e'e$#r !#$de%

B% Dep#-te /#r*"te pe !upr"/e'eAde!e" une$e pr#du!e "$*ent"re $0@de /#r*e"-+ pe !upr"/e'e$e 0u 0"ren 4n 0#nt"0t dep#-te 0" p"tr" de 7ere !"u de $"pte%

A!t/e$ p"tr" de 7ere repre-nt+ un dep#-t de #:"$"t de 0"$0u , pr#tenenur$e /#r*e"-+ un dep#-t de t"rtr"t de p#t"!u "r p"tr" de $"pte0#n'ne pr#tene pre0pt"te ! /#!/"t de 0"$0u n!#$u7$ 4n 0"re !unt re'nute

($#7u$e de (r+!*e , 0r!t"$e de $"0t#-+%

F#r*"re" dep#-te$#r depnde de n"tur" 0#*p#-'" , p9u$ pr#du!u$utr"t"t pre0u* , de te*per"tur" $" 0"re !e /"0e tr"t"*entu$ te@n#$#(0 , ded/eren'" de te*per"tur+ 4ntre !upr"/"'" 4n0+$-t" , pr#du!%

)


5/15

F"0t#r 0"re nuen'e"-+ !p+$"re"

Sp+$"re" e!te nuen'"t+ de # *u$ttudne de /"0t#r 0"re p#t ? (rup"' 4n &(rupe prn0p"$e

Grup" 1% F"0t#r 0"re 0"r"0ter-e"-+ !upr"/"'" !upu!+ !p+$+r

→ *"ter"$u$ de 0#n!tru0'e H→ !t"re" !upr"/e'e H

Grup" >% F"0t#r dependen' de *purt+'

→ n"tur" *purt+' H→ 0"ntt"te" de *purt+' H

Grup" &% F"0t#r 0"re deter*n+ (r"du$ de "0'une " une !#$u' de !p+$"re

→ 0#*p#-'" "(entu$u de !p+$"re H→ 0#n0entr"'" H→ te*per"tur" H→ nten!t"te" "0'un *e0"n0e H→ durt"te" "pe H→ (r"du$ de *pur?0"re " !#$u'e deter(ente H

Inuen'" te*per"tur "!upr" te-e de !p+$"re% S"u /+0ut e:per*enteprnd d/erte tpur de *urd+re 4n d#*enu$ de te*per"tur+ 282 C , !"".un! $" 0#n0$u-" 0+ te-" de !p+$"re 0re,te 0u rd0"re" te*per"tur pn+$" # "$#"re #pt*+ " "0e!te" pe!te 0"re te-" de !p+$"re !0"de 7ru!0%

Inuen'" 0#*p#-'e , 0#n0entr"'e "(entu$u de !p+$"re%

Ur*+rnd "r"'" te-e *ed de !p+$"re re"$-"t+ !e 0#n!t"t+ 0" "0e"!t"0re,te #d"t+ 0u 0re,tere" 0#n0entr"'e de !#$u'e de !p+$"re pn+ $""tn(ere" une "$#r $*t+ pe!te 0"re # 0re,tere " 0#n0entr"'e /"0e 0"

te-" de !p+$"re !" r+*n+ 0#n!t"nt+ !"u !+ !0"d+%

Inuen'" "0'un *e0"n0e " !#$u'e de !p+$"re%

S" 0#n!t"t"t # *p#rt"nt+ 0re,tere " te-e de !p$+$"re prn pu$er-"re"!#$u'e de !p+$"re $" d/erte pre!un !"u prn re0r0u$"re" "0e!te !#$u'% L"

2


6/15

4n0eput te-" de !p+$"re 0re,te "tn(e un *":* $" un "nu*t de7t dup+0"re #r0t "r 0re,te de7tu$ "0e"!t" r+*ne 0#n!t"nt+%

Inuen'" 0"ntt+' de *purt+' dn !#$u'" de !p+$"re%

S" !t"7$t 0+ 4n0+r0"re" 0u *urd+re " !#$u'$#r de !p+$"re re-u$t"te dntrunpr#0e! /"0e !+ !0"d" te-" de !p+$"re% C"p"0t"te" de !p+$"re " une !#$u'" "e" pentru ?e0"re *purt"te , pentru ?e0"re "(ent de !p+$"re "$te"$#r $*t+%

Inuen'" n"tur !t+r , 0"ntt+' de *purt+'%

Murd+r" repre-nt+ # *"!+ eter#(en+ de !u7!t"n'te 0"re dn pun0t deedere "$ p#!7$t+'$#r de 4ndep+rt"re !e p#"te 4*p+r' 4n

→ 0#*7n"' #r("n0e , "n#r("n0e !#$u7$e 4n "p+ -"@+r !r#p "*d#n

/+n+ et0%→ 0#*7n"' "n#r("n0e n!#$u7$e 4n "p+ pr"/ "r($+ !$0"'→ 0#*7n"' #r("n0e nep#$"re n!#$u7$e 4n "p+ 7en-n+ petr#$ un!#r

et0%→ 0#*7n"' #r("n0e p#$"re n!#$u7$e 4n "p+ "0- (r",

Inuen'" *"ter"$u$u , !t+r !upr"/e'e de !p+$"t%

E/e0tundu!e e:per*ent+r de !p+$"re 4n "0e$e", 0#nd' " un#r!upr"/e'te 0#n/e0'#n"te dn !t0$+ "$u*nu #'e$ 0r#*n0@e$ 0upru -n0

"$"*+ $e*n *"ter"$ p$"!t0 !" 0#n!t"t"t # *" redu!+ "$#"re " te-e*ed de !p+$"re pentru !upr"/e'e$e dn Cu Zn "$"*+ *"ter"$ p$"!t0 4n0#*p"r"'e 0u 0e$e de #'e$ 0r#*n0@e$ !"u !t0$+%

Ap" /#$#!t+ $" !p+$"re

Ap" e!te 0e$ *" 4ntre7un'"t , *" e/tn "(ent de !p+$"re d"r pentru "0#re!punde !0#pu$u d#rt tre7ue !+ 4ndep$ne"!0+ # !ere de 0#nd' de0"$t"te%

3


7/15

Re-duu$ u!0"t !e #7'ne prn e"p#r"re" "pe , u!0"re" re-duu$u $"t*per"tur" de 1=211=C , !e e:pr*+ 4n *(L "p+% 6entru deter*n"re"0#n'nutu$u 4n 0#*p#nente$e *ner"$e "$e re-duu$u "0e!t" !e 0"$0ne"-+ $"15=C , !e #7'ne re-duu$ ?:%

Durt"te" "pe e!te unu$ dntre 0e *" *p#rt"n' nd0"t#r de 0"$t"te ""pe , e!te deter*n"t+ de 0#n'nutu$ de !+rur de 0"$0u , *"(ne-u%

Durt"te" te*p#r"r+ repre-nt+ 0#n'nutu$ de 70"r7#n"t de 0"$0u ,*"(ne-u dn "p+ prn ?er7ere" "pe "0e,t" !e pre0pt+ !u7 /#r*+ de0"r7#n"' neutr !"u "0-%

Durt"te" per*"nent+ e!te d"t+ de 0#n'nutu$ de !+rur de 0"$0u ,*"(ne-u 0"re r"*n 4n "p+ dup+ ?er7ere ; !u$/"' 0$#rur /#!/"' !$0"'

Dur+ 1&15

F#"rte dur+ 18&=

An"$-" #r("n#$ept0+ " "pe d+ nd0"' pre'#"!e "!upr" 0"$t+' "0e!te"%Ap" nu tre7ue !+ "7+ un *r#! !tr+n "r 4n 0"-u$ 4n 0"re "p" "re *r#! de*u0e(" 4n!e"*n+ 0+ e!te n/e0t"t+ 0u *0r##r("n!*e% D"0+ "p" "re *r#!de *$",tn+ 4n!e"*n+ 0+ "u $#0 de!0#*puner "$e *"tere #r("n0e%

K


8/15

Ap" tre7ue !+ ?e n0#$#r+% C#$#r"'" ("$7ener-ue nd0+ pre-en'" un#r!+rur de ?er "r 0#$#r"'" r#,e !"u 0enu,e p#"te pre!upune # de-#$t"re*"!+ de *0r##r("n!*e%

M"ter"$e$e ut$-"te 4n ndu!tr" "$*ent"r+

6rn0p"$e$e *"ter"$e 0e ntr+ 4n !tru0tur" !upr"/e'e$#r

O'e$ur$e n#:d"7$e

O'e$u$ n#:d"7$ e!te /#"rte *u$t ut$-"t 4n ndu!tr" "$*ent"r+ 4n prn0p"$d"t#rt+ /"ptu$u 0" e!te re-!tent $" 0#r#-une , !e prete"-+ u,#r $" 0ur+'re, de-n/e0'e%

Se p#t 0$"!?0" 4n ) *"r (rupe

1% O'e$ur n#:d"7$e *"rten!t0e

Se /#$#!e!0 pentru 0#n/e0'#n"re" 0u'te$#r , " *",n$#r de t+"t d"t#rt+durt+' $#r /#"rte *"r% Au un 0#n'nut rd0"t de 0"r7#n !uper#r "$#r de1 , un 0#n'nut de 0r#* 4ntre 1=21K% Ce$e *" ut$-"te *+r0 de #'e$!unt MA> MA& MA)%

>% O'e$ur n#:d"7$e /ert0e

A0e!te" "u ""nt".u$ 0+ pre-nt+ 0"ntt+' redu!e !"u 0@"r de$#0 de n0@e$%

M+r0$e 0u 1K15 0r#* "u re-!ten'+ $" 0#r#-une% D"0+ "0e!te #'e$ur !unt!t"7$-"te 0u tt"n den per/e0t !ud"7$e , !unt n!en!7$e $" 0#r#-une"

5


9/15

nter(r"nu$"r+% Ce$e *" ut$-"te *+r0 !unt F1K F1KT ;!t"7$-"t 0u tt"n < ,F1KMT ;!t"7$-"t 0u tt"n , *#$7den


10/15

• !#d" 0"u!t0+ ; N"O9 <• "*#n"0u$• p#t"!" 0"u!t0+ ; O9 <

S+rur *ner"$e

• 0"r7#n"'• /#!/"' "$0"$n• !$0"'

S#d" 0"u!t0+

A0e"!t" e!te e?0ent+ 4n 4ndep+rt"re" 0ru!te$#r , depuner$#r #r("n0ede#"re0e d-#$+ *urd+r" , *u0#-t+'$e , !"p#n?0+ u$eur$e , (r+!*$e%9dr#:du$ de !#du e:er0t+ , # "0'une (er*0d+ redu!+ 0"re 0re,te 0u

te*per"tur" "re # putere *"re de !"p#n?0"re% 9dr#:du$ de !#du !ed-#$+ /#"rte u,#r 4n "p+% În pr"0t0+ !e /#$#!e!0 !#$u' de >2 pentru!p+$"re" "*7"$".e$#r de !t0$+ , re-er#"re$#r dn #'e$ n#:d"7$%

9dr#:du$ de p#t"!u ;p#t"!" 0"u!t0+<

E!te un pr#du! *" pu'n ut$-"t dn d#u+ *#te pre'u$ e!te *u$t *" *"re, (reut"te" *#$e0u$"r+ *" *"re% E:!t+ "nu*te 0"-ur 0nd !e pre/er+ut$-"re" !+punur$#r p#t"!0e 0u # *" *"re !#$u7$t"te 4n "p+%

A*#n"0u$

E!te pu'n ut$-"t 4n !t"re $7er+ d"t#rt+ #$"t$t+' e:!tnd r!0u$ 0"*r#!u$ !pe0?0 !+ per!!te , !+ nuen'e-e 0"$t"te" pr#du!e$#r "$*ent"re%

C"r7#n"tu$ de !#du ;!#d" de ru/e !#d" 0"$0n"t+ N">CO&<

S#d" 0"$0n"t+ !e pre-nt+ !u7 /#r*" une pu$7er "$7e u!#r @(r#!0#p0e ,0u 0"p"0t"te" de " "7!#r7 d#:du$ de 0"r7#n dn "t*#!/er+% E!te u,#r

!#$u7$+ 4n "p+ re0e%C"r7#n"tu$ de !#du !e pre-nt+ !u7 *" *u$te /#r*e

→ 0r!t"$-"t N">CO& 1=9>O→ *#n#@dr"t N">CO& 9>O→ pu$7ere "n@dr+ N">CO&

1=


11/15


12/15

C$#ru$ , 0#*pu, 0$#ru$u

C$#ru$ $0@d !e $re"-+ 4n re0pente de d/erte 0"p"0t+' !u7 pre!une de 35 "t*#!/ere% Re"0'#ne"-+ 0u "p" /#r*nd "0d @p#0$#r#! pr#du! n!t"7$0"re !u7 nuen'" $u*n de(".+ #:(en % A0du$ @p#0$#r#! 0$#ru$ ! #:(enu$

e$7er"t pr#du0 "$ter"re" !tru0tur 0@*0e " 4ne$,u$u , " 0#n'nutu$u0e$u$"r n"0t"re" un#r en-*e 4n ur*" #:d+r un#r (rup+r 0@*0e;!u$/@dr$ "*n#0"r7#:$ nd#$ et0%


13/15

De-""nt".e$e 0$#rn+r

→ r!0ur de 0#r#-une→ n!t"7$t"te $e("t+ de te*per"tur+&

F( 1%

C#n0$u-

În 0#n0$u-e pute* !pune 0+ de-n/e0t"re" !upr"/e'e$#r de $u0ru 4n ndu!tr""$*ent"r+ e!te un p"! *p#rt"nt 4n 0ee" 0e pre,te !(ur"n'"0#n!u*"t#r$#r de#"re0e 0ur+'re" , de-n/e0'" n!u?0ent+ p#t d+un"pr#du!e$#r "$*ent"re , n0$u! 0#n!u*"t#r$#r de "0ee" e!te ne0e!"r 0"!upr"/e'e$e de $u0ru !+ ?e 0#n!trute 4n (ener"$ dn *"ter"$e u,#r de0ur+'"t pentru " /"0$t" 4ndep+rt"re" 7"0ter$#r *0r##r("n!*e$#r ,*urd+re pre-ente pe "0e!te"%

6entru # de-n/e0'e 0#re!pun-+t#"re tre7ue 0un#!0ute !u7!t"n'e$e de0ur+'re "de0"te !0#pu$u , *"ter"$e$#r 0e tre7ue 0ur+'"te%

1&


14/15

B7$#(r"?e

1)


15/15

1 C$e*"n!" T#/"n I(en" , Se0urt"te" 6r#du!e$#r A$*ent"re Edtur"AGIR >==1 p(% 15>>38

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Controlul Instrumentelor Si Al Ambalajelor

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