C1+C2+C3_MATRIŢAREA_ȊN_MATRIŢE_Ȋ NCHISE

7/23/2019 C1+C2+C3_MATRIAREA_ N_MATRIE_ NCHISE

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CURS 1+2+3 PROCEDEE SPECIALE DE DEFORMARE PLASTICA

MATRIAREA N MATRIE NCHISE

La matriarea pe ciocane i pre!e" a#$t%ri &e matrie#e pre'$(%te c% cana# &e)a'%r$ c#a!ic *con!i&erate &e!ci!e, !e intro&%c n pro&%cie n tot mai mare m$!%r$ &i-erite tip%ri &e matrie #a care )a'%ra -ie c$ n% !e -ormea($ n timp%# matri$rii" -ie

c$ &imen!i%ni#e ei !%nt -oarte re&%!e *con!i&erate matrie nci!e,.

A!t-e# &e matrie !%nt/ matre -$r$ cana# &e )a'%r$" matrie c% compen!ator"matrie c% cana# &e )a'%r$ nc#inat.

MATRI0AREA MATRI0E FR CAAL DE A4URn comparaie c% matriarea n matrie pre'$(%te c% cana# &e )a'%r$" matriarea

n matrie -$r$ cana# &e )a'%r$ pre(int$ mai m%#te a'anta5e/1. Coe-icient%# &e %ti#i(are a# materia#%#%i e!te m%#t mai mare" ntr%c t n% apar

pier&eri &e meta# n )a'%r$. A!t-e#" &e e6emp#%" #a rea#i(area pie!e#or prinmatriare -$r$ )a'%r$ n #oc &e matriare c% )a'%r$ !e pot rea#i(a economii

&e materia# &e 17 38 9 * n %ne#e ca(%ri ciar mai m%#t,.2. Ener:ia nece!ar$ pentr% &e-ormarea !emi-a)ricat%#%i e!te mai mic$"

&eoarece #a matriarea c% )a'%r$" pentr% &e-ormarea )a'%rii e!te nece!ar$ener:ie !%p#imentar$. Deci c% %ti#a5e &e o an%mit$ m$rime !e pot o)ine

pie!e &e &imen!i%ni mai mari &ec t prin matriarea c% )a'%r$.3. Se pot o)ine pie!e c% con-i:%raie mai comp#e6$ &eoarece materia#%# %mp#e

mai )ine #oca%# pie!ei &in matri$" ntr%c t n% poate iei n a-ara ace!t%ia. ;. emai-iin& nece!ar$ operaia &e &e)a'%rare" !e -ace economie &e timp i &e

%ti#a5e" etc.

Matriarea -$r$ )a'%r$ n% poate -i ap#icat$ pentr% o)inerea t%t%ror pie!e#or care!e o)in prin matriare c% )a'%r$. Pot -i matriate prin ace!t proce&e% pie!e carepermit a#e:erea %nei !%pra-ee &e !eparaie -$r$ m%cii a!c%ite #a nici %na &in ce#e&o%$ !emi < matrie" c%m ar -i pie!e#e n -orm$ &e &i!c" !emi-a)ricate#e pentr% roi&inate" etc.*-i:%ra 1,.

1

Fig.1. 4ariante &e matriare a pie!e#or circ%#area) c% )a'%r$ b) -$r$ )a'%r$

a)

b)


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% 'or p%tea -i matriate -$r$ )a'%r$" n con&iii )%ne" pie!e c% !eci%nirot%n&e" rom)ice" etc. " #a care ar re(%#ta m%cii care !

&in -i:%ra 2,.

La con!tr%cia #oca%#%i &e matriare tre)%ie !$ !e a!i:%re o )%n$ centrare ace#or &o%$ !emi


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ea n% !e %(ea($ repe&e" iar materia#%#" nea5%n: n& pe acea!t$ !%pra-a$ n timp%# &e-orm$rii" n% 'a p%tea pro'oca a)ateri &e #a coa6ia#itate a ce#or &o%$ matrie.

Matriarea -$r$ )a'%r$ pre(int$ i %ne#e nea5%n!%ri" care #imitea($ m%#t

&omeni%# &e -o#o!ire a ei" pre(entate n contin%are.1. n$#imea pie!e#or matriate 'aria($ n -%ncie &e 'ariaia 'o#%m%#%i

!emi-a)ricat%#%i iniia#. A)ateri#e &e #a 'o#%m%# !emi-a)ricat%#%i iniia# *carepro'in &e #a &e)itare i %neori &e #a nc$#(ire, !e tran!mit inte:ra# pie!eimatriate. Din ace!t moti'" pentr% a menine c t mai con!tant$ n$#imea

pie!e#or matriate prin ace!t proce&e% e!te a)!o#%t nece!ar a !e -ace&e)itarea !emi-a)ricate#or pe )a($ &e :re%tate" c% a)ateri c t mai mici" iar #anc$#(irea #or !$ !e re!pecte c% !trictee re:im%# pre!cri! *temperat%r$" timp

&e meninere etc",. De a!emenea" pentr% n#$t%rarea ace!t%i nea5%n! o

oarecare r$!p n&ire a c$p$tat


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#oca%#%i. Acea!ta &eoarece n ce#e mai m%#te ca(%ri !emi

-apt%#%i c$ ace!tea a% c%r!$ -i6$ a )er)ec%#%i" 'ariaia n 'o#%m a !emi-a)ricat%#%i 'apro'oca o 'ariaie a -orei &e ap$!are" re!pecti' a m&e-ormaiei e#a!tice a mainii i amatriei. Ori" pentr% a !e o)ine pie!e )%ne" c%r!a )er)ec%#%i tre)%ie re:#at$ n aa -e#"nc t !$ !e a!i:%re %mp#erea #oca%#%i &e materia# i at%nci c n& 'o#%m%#

!emi-a)ricat%#%i e!te #a #imita minim$. Acea!t$ re:#are a mainii -ace n!$ ca a)ateri#e&e #a 'o#%m%# !emi-a)ricat%#%i *con!i&erate ac%m po(iti'e, !$ &%c$ #a creterea -orei"&eci #a !%pra!o#icitarea mainii.

Din ce#e ar$tate reie!e c$ pentr% a !e p%tea matria -$r$ )a'%r$ #a pre!e c%mani'e#$" 'a tre)%i ca -ora nomina#$ a mainii !$ -ie m%#t mai mare &ec t cea !trict

nece!ar$ pentr% &e-ormare" !a% 'ariaia 'o#%m%#%i !emi-a)ricat%#%i iniia# !$ -iemenin%t$ n #imite -oarte re!tr n!e. Limitarea 'ariaiei 'o#%m%#%i !emi-a)ricat%#%i iniia# tre)%ie -$c%t$ pe # n:$ c mp%# &e to#eran$ a&mi! pie!ei matriate i in n& !eama &e :ra-ic%# &e 'ariaie a# &e-ormaiei e#a!tice a pre!ei n -%ncie &e -ora &e&e-ormare. A!t-e#" &e e6emp#%" &ac$ pentr% &e-ormarea n an%mite con&iii &etemperat%r$ )ine preci(ate e!te nece!ar$ o -or$ P1-ora nomina#$ a mainii -iin& Pn"at%nci 'ariaia 'o#%m%#%i !emi-a)ricat%#%i tre)%ie #imitat$ a!t-e# nc t 'ariaia n

;

Fig.5. Matri$ c% e6tractor

Semimatria !%perioar$

Pie!a matriat$

E6tractor

Semimatria in-erioar$


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n$#ime a pie!ei matriate !$ -ie mai mic$ &ec t 'ariaia &e-ormaiei e#a!tice a mainii" &eci 1 = nph "%n&e/ ph e!te 'ariaia n n$#ime a pie!ei matriate=

n < &e-ormaia e#a!tic$ a pre!ei #a -ora Pn=1

< &e-ormaia e#a!tic$ a pre!ei #a -ora P1*-i:%ra >,.

MATRI0AREA MATRI0E CU COMPESATORMatrie#e c% compen!ator !%nt o com)inaie a matrie#or c% i -$r$ cana# &e

)a'%r$. Scema %nor a!t-e# &e matrie e!te ar$tat$ n -i:%ra ?.

n -i:%ra ? a e!te ar$tat$ o matri$ -o#o!it$ mai m%#t #a matriarea pe ciocane.

Datorit$ ine#%#%i 2" care e!te &ep#a!a)i# -a$ &e !emi


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O pro)#em$ important$ care !e p%ne #a matriarea @n matrie c% compen!atore!te a#e:erea !%pra-eei &e !eparaie @ntre ce#e &o%$ !emi

1

2

3

;

Fig. 7. Matrie c% compen!atora pentr% ciocane ) pentr% pre!e

ab

a

b

Fig. 8. 4ariante &e a#e:ere a!%ra-eei &e !earaie

a

b

Fig. 9. 4ariaia re!i%nii#atera#e pe n$#imea ie!ei


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mici, p#a!area !%pra-eei &e !eparaie !pre capete 'a &%ce #a pier&eri mai mici &emateria# @n )a'%r$.

Dei @n#$t%r$ @n mare m$!%r$ &e-iciene#e matri$rii -$r$ )a'%r$" tot%i @n timp%##%cr%#%i *mai a#e! #a ciocane, pot apare %ne#e &i-ic%#t$i #e:ate &e &ep#a!area ine#%#%imo)i# i &e @n#$t%rarea pie!e#or matriate" -apt pentr% care #a con!tr%cia ace!tor

matrie" #a e6p#oatarea i #a @ntreinerea #or tre)%ie acor&at$ o atenie !porit$.MATRI0AREA MATRI0E CU CAAL DE A4UR CLIAT Une#e cercet$ri !

!in

!a"

#

#$

a b %

Fig. 11 4ariante con!tr%cti'e &e cana# &e )a'%r$ nc#inat


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4arianta ar$tat$ n -i:%ra 11 c e!te in&icat$ a !e -o#o!i n%mai #a matriareapie!e#or &e -orm$ mai comp#icat$" #a care !e pre'e&e c$ pe %ne#e pori%ni 'a c%r:e n)a'%r$ mai m%#t materia#.

Dimen!ionarea cana#%#%i &e )a'%r$ nc#inat !e -ace n aa -e# nc t 'o#%m%#

ma6im a# !emi-a)ricat%#%i !$ %mp#e comp#et at t #oca%# &e matriare" c t i partea

nc#inat$ a cana#%#%i &e )a'%r$. A!t-e# 'o#%m%# p$rii nc#inate a cana#%#%i &e )a'%r$ uzd VVVV ++= min

%n&e/ 4min e!te 'o#%m%# minim &e materia# pre'$(%t pentr% a c%r:e n cana#%# &e)a'%r$ n !cop teno#o:ic *&e a creea cent%ra &e re(i!ten$ n 5%r%# !emi-a)ricat%#%i i a a!i:%ra %mp#erea #oca%#%i c% materia# pentr% care !e pre'e&e 3 7 9 &in 'o#%m%#

pie!ei matriate,=4& 'ariaia 'o#%m%#%i !emi-a)ricat%#%i pro'enit$ &e #a &e)itare *i e'ent%a#

nc$#(ire,=4%( 'a#%m%# &e materia# pre'$(%t ca !i:%ran$ n !emi-a)ricat pentr% a

acoperi %(%ra matrie#or" care !e ia 1 2 9 &in 'o#%m%# pie!ei matriate.n$#imea ma6im$ a cana#%#%i &e )a'%r$ e!te

p

p

P

SCh =ma6 " iar cea minim$ e!te /

ma6min ,7"83"8* hh =

%n&e/ Spe!te !%pra-ata pie!ei n p#an%# &e !eparaie =Pp perimetr%# pie!ei n p#an%# &e !eparaie =C coe-icient *C G 8"8? 8"18, =Diametr%# D a# p$rii nc#inate a cana#%#%i &e )a'%r$ !e !ta)i#ete &in e:a#itatea /

2

,*

;

minma622

min

hhDDVVVV puzd

+=++=

&e %n&e !e &e&%ce c$/

minma6

min2 *C

hh

VVVDD uzdp

+

+++=

Dp-iin& &iametr%# pie!ei n !%pra-aa &e !eparaie

C1+C2+C3_MATRIŢAREA_ȊN_MATRIŢE_Ȋ NCHISE

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