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THE RESEARCHES REGARDING DIGESTIVE PARASITISM INHERBIVOROUS FROM ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN TIMISOARA

GH. DRBU1, M. AFRENIE2, M.S. ILIE1, D. INDRE1

1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine TimisoaraCalea Aradului No. 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania

2Zoo Garden TimisoaraE-mail: gheorghe.darabus@fmvt.ro

Summary

By coprological examinations were determined parasitic species from the digestive

tract of six species of herbivores from Timisoara zoo: common deer (Cervus elaphus), fallowdeer (Capreolus apreolus), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), guanaco (Lama guanacue), dwarfgoat (Capra aegagrus f. hircus), and the Shetland pony (Equus caballus).

The prevalence of parasitism in these species was 67.8%. To deer, fallow deer,reindeer, guanaco and pygmy goat have found parasited by Eimeriaspp., Nematodirusspp.and other species trichostrongylids. Ponies were parasites with digestive strongylid andParascaris equorum.

Key words: digestive parasitism, herbivorous, Zoological Garden Timisoara

Timisoara zoo, in the current configuration and the current population ofwild animals, was very recently. Animals come through acquisitions and donationsfrom different locations or zoos. Given these considerations it appears that variousspecies of wild animals shall be given in what we call collected animals.Regarding parasitological, the epizootological situation requires creating a surveyaimed at the complex to identify parasite populations, environmental life of animal

or purchased based on the results, draw up a plan in parasitology to Timisoara zoo.It will target first antiparasitic treatment on the other hand, food and livingenvironment.

At herbivores, given the conditions which zoo, is expected to identify thecategory of digestive parasites as protozoa, trematoda, cestoda and nematoda.Among protozoa could be identified Eimeria spp. and Cryptosporidium spp; amongtrematoda, Paramphistomum spp.; cestoda, anoplocephalide, and the nematoda,trichostrongylids, Chabertia, Oesophagostomum, Strongyloides, Trichocephalusspp.

Given these considerations, the present study sought to determine generaand/or species of parasites from digestive tract to: deer (Cervus elaphus), fallowdeer (Capreolus capreolus), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), guanaco (Lamaguanacue), pygmy goat (Capra aegagrus f. hircus) and the Shetland pony (Equuscaballus).

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Materials and methods

During May-November 2008, were harvested five times coprologicalsamples from Timisoara Zoo herbivores, as the common deer, fallow deer,reindeer, guanaco, goat and pygmy ponies (table 1). The number of coprologicalsamples for each species of herbivore is shown in table 2.

Coproscopic examnation was made using flotation method with sodiumchloride (Willis method). Identification of genera, and species of digestive parasiteswas made solely on the basis of character morfometrice eggs of parasites.

Results and discussions

Following coproscopic examinations performed on the five species of

ruminants in Timisoara zoo were identified: Eimeria spp., Nematodirus spp. andother trichostrongylids and in ponies: strongylids and Parascaris equorum.In table 1 can be observed that digestive parasites were identified for each

species of herbivorous. In this presentation yields a wealth of species and generaparasites, confirming the assumption that these herbivorous could be parasite.

Such parasite species were identified by Schneidawind and Boch (1988),Wetzel and Rieck (1962) Rohbeck (2006), and Beldomenico et al. (2003).

Table 1Parasite genera and species with digestive location identified to herbivorous

from Timisoara zooHERBIVOROUS SPECIES PARASITIC SPECIES

Common deer (Cervuselaphus)

- trichostrongylids- Eimeria spp.

Fallow deer (Capreoluscapreolus) - trichostrongylids- Eimeria spp.

Reindeer (Rongifer tarandus) - trichostrongylidsGuanaco (Lama guanacue) - Nematodirus spp.

- trichostrongylidsPygmy goat (Capra aegagrus

f. hircus)- Nematodirus

- trichostrongylids- Eimeria spp.

Shetland pony (Equuscaballus )

- strongylids- Parascaris equorum

Table 2 is presented digestive parasitoses prevalence in the whole speciesherbivore but the genera or species of parasites in females and males. From thetotal 87 samples examined 59 (67.8%) were positive for one or more species of

parasites. A high prevalence of parasitism by protozoa and/or intestinal nematoda,

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The pony was found parasitism by digestive strongylids and Parascarisequorum.

At the herbivorous Timisoara zoo found a prevalence of digestive parasiteswith 67.8%.

The species most frequently identified in ruminants were trichostrongylidsand the ponies, digestive strongylids.

References

1.Boch, J., Schneidawing, H., Krancheiten des jagdbaren wildes, Verlag PaulParey, Hamburg und Berlin, 1988.

2.Bussieras, J., Chermette, R., Parasitologie veterinaire - Protozoologie,Service de Parasitologie, E.N.V. dAlfort, 1992.

3.Cosoroab, I., Drbu, Gh., Oprescu, I., Compendiu de parazitologieveterinar, vol. I, Ed. Mirton, Timioara, 1995.

4.Drbu, Gh., Oprescu, I., Morariu, S., Mederle, N., Parazitologie i boliparazitare, Ed. Mirton, Timioara, 2006.

5.Euzeby, J., Protozoologie medicale compare, vol. II, Myxozoa - Microspore -Acetospora - Apicomplexa, I: Coccidioses (Sensu lato), Lyon, France, MarcelMerieux, 1987.

6.Lindasay, D.S., Upton, S.J., Hildreth, M.B., J. Parasitol., 1999, 85, 6, 1120-1125.7. Wetzel, R., Rieck, W., Krankheiten des wildes, Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg

und Berlin, 1962.