Velicioiu Miruna Iulia

7/25/2019 Velicioiu Miruna Iulia

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Territorial capital, regional identity and

international specialization

Territorial capital , defined in most of the literature reviews and articles as a system of the

territorial assets of economic, cultural, social and environmental that ensures the potential

development of places. The notion, that part of a persons identity that is routed, not only by the

contry but also in the region they live is defined as a regional identity. International

specialization refers at the specification of each country regarding the economy.

The author Balasz Toth states that the concept of territorial has already become a major field

of interest, although the topic does not have a long tradition in economic and regional science.

(Tth, !"#$%.

&ccording to most authors, the concept of territorial capital was first mentioned in a regional

policy conte't, proposed by the rganization for )conomic *o+operation and development

()*%, then the e'pression was reiterated by - egio of the *ommission of the )uropean

/nion. The first definition reveals that 0each region has a specific territorial capital that is

distinct from that of other areas and generates a higher return for specific 1inds of investments

than for others, since these are better suited to the area and use its assets and potential more

effectively2 (Tth, !"#$%

Brasili believes that territorial capital is a set of material and immaterial elements are available

for territorial needs and that these elements can be strong points on real ties according to the

elements which are ta1en into consideration and involves all the elements which are part of a

territory wealth in order to find out specific elements which can be put in their use. (Brasili, n.d.%

3erruca defines the territorial capital as a system of territorial assets of economic and he

analyzes the relationship between territorial and economic growth .The findings emphasize the

role of some endogenous factors in e'plaining the differentiation of regional growth patterns.

(3)/**&, !"#4%

0Territorial capital appears to be a useful concept. It encompasses a wide variety of territorial

assets, both tangible and intangible, of a private, public or mi'ed nature. &lso they may be

physically introduced, supply by history or or derive from natural endowment.2 (*amagni 5

*apello, !"#6%

The most comprehensive definition about the territorial capital and its assets is given by Basili in

her article. The territorial capital is composed by7


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8uman capital+ the variables considered in order to measure the supply of human capital

of regional economies are7 rate of enrollment in upper secondary education, rate of early

leavers from upper secondary education.

*ognitive capital+ dynamic conte't of generalized growth with regards to the regions

which are mostly endowed with the asset of territorial capital

9ocial capital+ importance of active of local communities, social capital is an intangible

asset with relevant effects on the well functioning of the social and political life of a

community

Infrastructural capital+ support system created by people to carry out economic activities

3roductive capital :provides a measure of the territorial productive structure

)nvironmental capital+ territorial development must aim to preserve natural resources

elational capital+ the sum of all relationships developed by local actors

9ettlement capital+ housing characteristics and the evolution of human presence2 (Brasili,

!"#!%

*apello and *amagni states that 0territory2 is a better term that 0space2 when referring to the

following elements such as7 a system of localized e'ternalities, a system of localized pro'imity

relationships which constitute a 0capital2, a system of cultural elements and values and a system

of rules and practices.

&lso the different categories of territorial are7

Public goods and resources

Intermediate, mixed rivalry and tangible good

Private fxed capitals

Social capitals Relational capitals

Human capitals

Agglomeration economies

Connectivity and receptively cooperation networks

Relation private goods (*amagni 5 *apello, !"#6%

Its important to mention the four large classes of territorial capital elements on which

attention should be given in a policy conte't 7 0infrastructure capital and settlement structure,

cognitive capital, cultural and identity capital,social and relational capital2 (&;;/9 5

*&hen this conditions

are fulfilled, the firm is supposed to be territorial embedded. (ota, !"#"%

?ohansson and @uigley are saying that the the modern analysis of economic relationships in

urban space emphasises the importance of agglomeration and that the concept of networ1s in


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space has undergone a parallel treatment, as modern methods have made the efficiency gains

from networ1s Auite e'plicit. (?ohansson 5 @uigley, !""4%

There are ! complementary components in e'plaining the geographical effects of e'ternal

economies. ;irst of all there are agglomeration economies fuelled by geographical pro'imity.

9econdly there are networ1 economies, as a manifestation of e'ternal economies lin1ed with thenetwor1 itself and nourished by territorial competition and competencies. (*&B/9, !""%

The model used by &ddagio and *amagni e'plains the differential growth rates of provinces

with respect to their region according to territorial specificities by transferring the regional level

to the province level. The territorial capitals in the model are7 infrastructure capital and

settlement structure of regions, sectorial and natural specificities captured by the share of tertiary

activity , cognitive capital, Auantity and Auality capital, social and relational capital. (&;;/9 5

*&


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relational pro'imity, technological pro'imity and cultural pro'imity. &s a conclusion we can say

that the different forms of pro'imity define the many scales of action firms thus circumscribing

their innovation territory. (T)


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Pompili, (# $ %artinoia, %#, ./00# -uilding synt*etic indicators )or aspects o)

territorial capitals# Euroean Regional S"ien"e Asso"iation #

Rota, #, ./0/# (*e territorial embedment o) global industrial networks# (*eoretical

insig*ts and evidences )rom )oreign %'CsB aliates in (urin =Italy?#

(Dt*, -#, ./05# (erritorial Capital (*eory, 8mpirics and Critical Remarks# Euroean

Planning Studies, 4=3?, pp#04.3;

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