Stom specif

7/25/2019 Stom specif

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BIOCHIMIABIOCHIMIA

ESUTURILORESUTURILORDENTAREDENTARE

Olga Tagadiuc,dr.h.m., con!r!niar uni"!r#i$ar


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Com%o&i'ia g!n!ral(Com%o&i'ia g!n!ral(

Su)#$.Su)#$.min!ral!min!ral!

Su)#$.Su)#$.organic!organic!

HH**OO

Smal'Smal' +-+- ,/-,/- *.0-*.0-

D!n$in(D!n$in( +-+- /,1-/,1- 0,*-0,*-

C!m!n$C!m!n$ 2-2- **-**- 0*-0*-

3ul%(3ul%( /-/- *4-*4- 1-1-


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5orm!l!5orm!l! ma6or!ma

6or!al!al! o#a'ilor d! calciuo#a

'ilor d! calciuI. A%a$i$(

CaCa.7.783O83O2299,,OHOH** #au Ca#au Ca::CaCa0083O83O2299**;;00OHOH**

II. 5o#a$ o#$acalcicCaCa11HH**83O83O2299,,


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A = A%a$i$aA = A%a$i$aB = 5o#a$ul oc$acalcicB = 5o#a$ul oc$acalcic

A


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5orm!l! minor!5orm!l! minor!al! o#aal! o#a ilor d! calciuilor d! calciu

Bru#hi$aBru#hi$a

1. Brushita -1. Brushita -

CaHPOCaHPO442H2H22OO

2. Fosfatul2. Fosfatulmono-acid demono-acid de

calciu -calciu -CaHPOCaHPO44


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Con inu$ul g!n!ral d! Ca i 3i

CaCa2+2+ /1 !/1 !su"stan#$su"stan#$

PPii /1 !/1 !su"stan#$su"stan#$

uscatuscat

nativnativuscatuscat

nativnativ

%mal#%mal# &'(2&'(2 &)(1&)(1 1*(41*(4 1*(&1*(&

entinentin

$$ 2*(12*(1 &'(&&'(& 1&('1&(' 1*(11*(1CemenCemen

tt2'(,2'(, &'('&'(' 12(412(4 1*(11*(1


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5luorul5luorul

I.I. R!%ar$i&ar!a can$i$a$i"(?R!%ar$i&ar!a can$i$a$i"(?

c!m!n$c!m!n$ @@d!n$in(d!n$in( @@ #mal'#mal'II.II. aria'iil! can$i$a$i"! aria'iil! can$i$a$i"!

77=247777=2477 gg '!#u$gg '!#u$


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5luorul5luorulIII.III. 5orma5orma%rinci%al%rinci%al( ( luora%a$i$a==

CCaa.7.783O83O2299,,55**

I.I.

S! orm!a&( la a%or$ alim!n$ar d! ccaS! orm!a&( la a%or$ alim!n$ar d! cca7,4 =, mg*2 or!7,4 =, mg*2 or!

CaCa.7.783O83O2299,,OHOH** F *5F *5..GGCaCa.7.783O83O2299,,55** F *OHF *OH..GG


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5luora%a$i$a5luora%a$i$a


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5luorul5luorul

5orm!l! minor!5orm!l! minor!

5luorul #olu)ili&a$ cca 7=moll5luorul ia$ la %ro$!in! cca +,7=4

moll


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5luorul5luorul

A%or$ul !c!#i" d! luor alim!n$ar A%or$ul !c!#i" d! luor alim!n$ar

%!#$! ,4 mg*2 or! #olu)ili&ar!a a%a$i$!i %!#$! ,4 mg*2 or! #olu)ili&ar!a a%a$i$!i

luoro&(

CaCa.7.783O83O2299,,OHOH** F *75F *75..GG 7Ca5 7Ca5**F 3OF 3O2200GG F *OHF *OH..GG


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5luoro&a5luoro&aA d!n$ar( B = g!n!rali&a$(A d!n$ar( B = g!n!rali&a$(

A B


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5luoro&a Jn RM C!l! mai a!c$a$! raioan!

al! RM Klod!ni, 5al!$i,Calarai, Ni#%or!ni,Ungh!ni i S$ra!ni

Con inu$ul d! 5 Jn a%a%o$a)il( a$ing! 2 mgl 5r!c"!n$a luoro&!i la

co%iii d!? ani *,4- * ani /+,1- 4 ani 17,4-


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Magn!&iulMagn!&iul

I.I. R!%ar$i&ar!a can$i$a$i"(?R!%ar$i&ar!a can$i$a$i"(?d!n$in(d!n$in( @@ c!m!n$c!m!n$ @@#mal'#mal'

II.II. aria'iil! can$i$a$i"! 07 = /2aria'iil! can$i$a$i"! 07 = /2 gg '!#u$gg '!#u$

III.III. 5orm!l!?5orm!l!? o#a$ d! magn!&iu Jn a%a$i$(o#a$ d! magn!&iu Jn a%a$i$( magn!&iu li)!r, ad#or)i$ %! #u%raa'amagn!&iu li)!r, ad#or)i$ %! #u%raa'a

cri#$al!lorcri#$al!lor

I.I. Rolul #$imul!a&( min!rali&ar!a, ac$i"ndRolul #$imul!a&( min!rali&ar!a, ac$i"ndo#a$a&a alcalin( o#oa#(o#a$a&a alcalin( o#oa#(


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Car)ona$ulCar)ona$ul

*,4=0,4- 8'!#u$ u#ca$9*,4=0,4- 8'!#u$ u#ca$9 5orm!l!?5orm!l!?

COCO00** GGi HCOi HCO00 GG

#u)#$i$ui! ionii o#a$ Jn#u)#$i$ui! ionii o#a$ Jnr!'!aua a%a$i$!ir!'!aua a%a$i$!i

#u)#$i$ui! gru%a hidroil#u)#$i$ui! gru%a hidroil car)ona$= a%a$i$a car)ona$= a%a$i$a mai #olu)il(mai #olu)il(

can$i$('i mai mari Jncan$i$('i mai mari Jnr!giunil! caria$!r!giunil! caria$!
http://www.mindat.org/photo-190702.html


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Al$! #u)#$an'! min!ral!Al$! #u)#$an'! min!ral! Micro!l!m!n$!l! = n, Cu, 5!, Mn, S!, !$c.Micro!l!m!n$!l! = n, Cu, 5!, Mn, S!, !$c. Oligo!l!m!n$!l! = Ba, Cr, Cd, Li, Mo, !$c.Oligo!l!m!n$!l! = Ba, Cr, Cd, Li, Mo, !$c.

El!m!n$!l! min!ral! oca&ional! 3), Au,El!m!n$!l! min!ral! oca&ional! 3), Au,Hg, Al, i&o$o%i radioac$i"i, !$c.Hg, Al, i&o$o%i radioac$i"i, !$c.


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Com%o&i'ia m!di! a a%a$i$!iCom%o&i'ia m!di! a a%a$i$!i

CaCa(4,(4,!!(1,(1,aa(11(110PO0PO44'()*'()*0CO0CO&&(4'(4'OHOH1('41('4 (4) H(4) H22OO

CaCa1--31--30HPO0HPO440PO0PO44)-)-0CO0CO&&550OH0OH2--32--3((

CaCa,(),,(),0HPO0HPO44(1)(1)0CO0CO&&('4('40PO0PO44'()2'()2OHOH(1(1


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5ormula #$ruc$ural( a a%a$i$!i5ormula #$ruc$ural( a a%a$i$!i


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S$ruc$ura cri#$alului d!S$ruc$ura cri#$alului d!a%a$i$(a%a$i$(

+,2* A

+,2* A

,11 A

007 A

00 A


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3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. Smal'ul3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. Smal'ul

.. Colag!n $i% I =Colag!n $i% I = ::8I9;8I9;**:*8I9;:*8I9;

*.*. Am!log!nin!l! 17=+7-Am!log!nin!l! 17=+7-0.0. Am!lo)la#$ina 4-Am!lo)la#$ina 4-2.2. Am!lin!l!Am!lin!l!4.4. Enam!lin!l! 0=4-Enam!lin!l! 0=4-.. TTu$!lin!l!u$!lin!l!

/./. M!$alo%ro$!ina&a ma$ric!al(=*7 8MM3=*79M!$alo%ro$!ina&a ma$ric!al(=*7 8MM3=*79 !nam!li&ina !nam!li&ina1. PalliPr!in=r!la$!d %!%$ida#!=2 8QLQ29


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3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. Smal'ul3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. Smal'ul

07- = din ma#a !#u$ului Jn !$a%a#!cr!$oar! a orm(rii #mal ului

*- = Jn a&a $im%uri! d! ma$uri&ar!


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3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. D!n$ina3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. D!n$ina

.. Colag!n?Colag!n? $i% I =$i% I = ::8I9;8I9;**:*8I9;:*8I9; $i% III =$i% III = :8III9;:8III9;00

*.*. 5o#orina5o#orina0.0. Kla %ro$!in!l!?Kla %ro$!in!l!?

o#$!ocalcinao#$!ocalcina

Kla=%ro$!ina ma$ric!al(Kla=%ro$!ina ma$ric!al(2.2. O#$!on!c$inaO#$!on!c$ina4.4. O#$!o%on$inaO#$!o%on$ina.. 5ac$orii d! cr!$!r! TK55ac$orii d! cr!$!r! TK5, IK5, BM3, IK5, BM3


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3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. 3ul%a3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. 3ul%a

.. Colag!n $i% III =Colag!n $i% III = :8:8IIIIII9;9;00

*.*. 5i)ron!c$ina5i)ron!c$ina0.0. LamininaLaminina2.2. En$ac$inaEn$ac$ina

4.4. 55i)rilinai)rilina


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3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. C!m!n$ul3ro$!in!l! d!n$ar!. C!m!n$ul

Com%o&i'i! %ro$!ic( #imilar( '!#u$ului o#o#Com%o&i'i! %ro$!ic( #imilar( '!#u$ului o#o#


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3ro$!oglicanii d!n$ari3ro$!oglicanii d!n$arin #mal'? nu #un$ %r!&!n'in #mal'? nu #un$ %r!&!n'in d!n$in(? condroi$in=2= i ==#ula'iin d!n$in(? condroi$in=2= i ==#ula'ii

d!rma$an=#ula'iid!rma$an=#ula'ii

P!ra$an=#ula'iiP!ra$an=#ula'ii d!corind!corin )iglican)iglican

n %ul%(? d!corinn %ul%(? d!corin #ind!can#ind!can "!r#ican"!r#ican

%!rlican%!rlican


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M!$a)oli#mul '!#u$urilor d!n$ar!M!$a)oli#mul '!#u$urilor d!n$ar!

I.I. S! d!#(oar( la ni"!lul c!lul!lor d!n$ar!S! d!#(oar( la ni"!lul c!lul!lor d!n$ar!

II.II. Bio#in$!&a ARN, %ro$!in!lor #$ruc$ural! iBio#in$!&a ARN, %ro$!in!lor #$ruc$ural! ir!gla$oar!, !n&im!lor, %ro$!oglicanilorr!gla$oar!, !n&im!lor, %ro$!oglicanilor

III.III. Klicoli&a 8a$$ a!ro), c$ i ana!ro)9, ciclulKlicoli&a 8a$$ a!ro), c$ i ana!ro)9, ciclul%!n$o&oo#a'ilor%!n$o&oo#a'ilor

I.I. Sin$!&a aci&ilor grai i a TAK.Sin$!&a aci&ilor grai i a TAK.


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CA67A 89A6:CA67A 89A6:


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on!l! l!&iunii carioa#!on!l! l!&iunii carioa#!

I.I. &ona d! la #u%raa'(&ona d! la #u%raa'(

II.II. &ona cor%ului l!&iunii&ona cor%ului l!&iuniiIII.III. &ona %o&i$i" )ir!rac$ar(&ona %o&i$i" )ir!rac$ar(

8Jn$un!coa#(98Jn$un!coa#(9I.I. &ona $ran#lucid(&ona $ran#lucid(


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on!l! l!&iunii carioa#!on!l! l!&iunii carioa#!


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ona d! la #u%raa'(ona d! la #u%raa'( 3rac$ic nu #! d!o#!)!$! d! #mal'ul normal

A)#!n'a %oro&i$('ii Diminuar!a can$i$('ii #u)#$an'!lor min!ral!

cca 2-


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Cor%ul l!&iuniiCor%ul l!&iunii

Car!n'a #u)#$an'!lor min!ral! Car!n'a #u)#$an'!lor min!ral! *4

=47- 3oro&i$a$! %3oro&i$a$! %n( al d!#$ruc'i! com%l!$(n( al d!#$ruc'i! com%l!$( 5ormar!a ca"i$('ii5ormar!a ca"i$('ii


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ona %o&i$i" )ir!rac$ar(ona %o&i$i" )ir!rac$ar(8Jn$un!ca$(98Jn$un!ca$(9

3r!&!n'a %orilor d3r!&!n'a %orilor d!!di!ri$! dim!n#iunidi!ri$! dim!n#iuni

Car!n'aCar!n'a #u)#$an'!lor#u)#$an'!lor min!ral!min!ral! 4 =7- R!di#$ri)uir!a #u)#$an'!lor organic! dinR!di#$ri)uir!a #u)#$an'!lor organic! din

&on( i acumular!a %ro$!in!lor !og!n!&on( i acumular!a %ro$!in!lor !og!n!


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ona $ran#lucid(ona $ran#lucid(

Adiac!n$( #mal'ului in$ac$Adiac!n$( #mal'ului in$ac$ Car!n'a #u)#$an'!lor min!ral! Car!n'a #u)#$an'!lor min!ral!

=*- 3i!rd!r!a ! locali&a$( la #%a'iil!3i!rd!r!a ! locali&a$( la #%a'iil!

in$!r%ri#ma$ic! i in$!rcri#$alin!in$!r%ri#ma$ic! i in$!rcri#$alin!

Con'in! un num(r mic d! %ori r!la$i" mariCon'in! un num(r mic d! %ori r!la$i" mari


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Smal'Smal'in$ac$in$ac$

onaona$ran#lucid($ran#lucid(

onaona%o&i$i"%o&i$i"

)ir!rac.)ir!rac.

Cor%ulCor%ull!&iuniil!&iunii

CaCa*F*F 0/0/ 0707 0404 0/0/

3i3i ++ 00 // ++

HCOHCO00== 22 *1*1 00

MgMg*F*F 7,27,2 ** 00 7,*7,*

3i!rd!ril!3i!rd!ril! #u)#$an#u)#$an''!lor!lor min!ral! ma6or!min!ral! ma6or!

din &on!l! l!&iunii carioa#!din &on!l! l!&iunii carioa#!


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T!oriil! %a$og!ni!i cari!iT!oriil! %a$og!ni!i cari!i

Chimio=%ara&i$ar( 8Mill!r,Chimio=%ara&i$ar( 8Mill!r, 11*99 3ro$!oli&!i 8Ko$$l!i)93ro$!oli&!i 8Ko$$l!i)9

3ro$!oli&!i i ch!l(rii 8Scha$&93ro$!oli&!i i ch!l(rii 8Scha$&9 Endog!n( 8C#!rn!i9Endog!n( 8C#!rn!i9 Klicog!nului 8Eg!di9Klicog!nului 8Eg!di9

Organo$ro%ic( 8L!imgru)!r9Organo$ro%ic( 8L!imgru)!r9 Bioi&ic( 8N!uman, DiSal"o9Bioi&ic( 8N!uman, DiSal"o9


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M!cani#mul a%ari'i!i i d!&"ol$(riiM!cani#mul a%ari'i!i i d!&"ol$(riicari!icari!i

.. 3roduc!r!a aci&ilor organici lac$ic, ormic,3roduc!r!a aci&ilor organici lac$ic, ormic,ac!$ic i %ro%ionic, %rin !rm!n$ar!aac!$ic i %ro%ionic, %rin !rm!n$ar!aglucid!lor alim!n$ar! d! c($r!glucid!lor alim!n$ar! d! c($r!

microorganicm!l! acidog!n! al! %l(ciimicroorganicm!l! acidog!n! al! %l(cii

*.*. Diu&ia aci&ilor Jn #mal', d!n$in(, c!m!n$ iDiu&ia aci&ilor Jn #mal', d!n$in(, c!m!n$ i#olu)ili&ar!a %ar'ial( a cri#$al!lor d!#olu)ili&ar!a %ar'ial( a cri#$al!lor d!hidroia%a$i$(hidroia%a$i$(


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M!cani#mul a%ari'i!i i d!&"ol$(rii cari!iM!cani#mul a%ari'i!i i d!&"ol$(rii cari!i

0.0. Eluul #u)#$an'!lor min!ral! 8Ca i 3i9 dinEluul #u)#$an'!lor min!ral! 8Ca i 3i9 dindin'idin'i

2.2. R!min!rali&ar!a %oa$! r!dr!#a l!&iun!a JnR!min!rali&ar!a %oa$! r!dr!#a l!&iun!a Jncondi'ii a"ora)il! Jn condi'ii noci"! !$a%a 4condi'ii a"ora)il! Jn condi'ii noci"! !$a%a 4

4.4. E%un!r!a #u)#$an'!lor organic! d!gradar!aE%un!r!a #u)#$an'!lor organic! d!gradar!acolag!nului i %ro$!oglicanilor, cu d!&"ol$ar!acolag!nului i %ro$!oglicanilor, cu d!&"ol$ar!a%oro&i$('ilor i !"olu'ia #%r! ormar!a%oro&i$('ilor i !"olu'ia #%r! ormar!aca"i$('ilorca"i$('ilor


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3laca d!n$ar(3laca d!n$ar(


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3laca d!n$ar(3laca d!n$ar(#! orm!a&( Jn 2 !$a#! orm!a&( Jn 2 !$a%%!!

I !$a%( = Tran#%or$ul ini'ial al microorga=ni#m!lor#%r! #u%raa'a d!n$ar(.

Con$ac$ul %oa$! i?

a.oca&ional

). d!$!rmina$ d!? micar!a Bronian( #!dim!n$ar!a microorgani#m!lor luul #ali"!i micar!a ac$i"( a microorgani#m!lor


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5ormar!a %l(cii d!n$ar!5ormar!a %l(cii d!n$ar!

III !$a%( iar!a #$a)il(, ir!"!r#i)il(a microorgani#m!lor

I !$a%( coloni&ar!a i ormar!a

)ioilmului


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5ac$orii c! inlu!n'!a&( a$aar!a5ac$orii c! inlu!n'!a&( a$aar!amicroorgani#m!lormicroorgani#m!lor

3ro%ri!$('il! #u%ra!'!i d! a$aar!3ro%ri!$('il! #u%ra!'!i d! a$aar! 3r!&!n'a i com%o&i'ia #u)#$an'!lor #ali"ar!3r!&!n'a i com%o&i'ia #u)#$an'!lor #ali"ar!

%! #u%raa'a d! a$aar!%! #u%raa'a d! a$aar! 3ro$!in!l! d! ad!&iun! %ro%rii al!3ro$!in!l! d! ad!&iun! %ro%rii al!

microorgani#m!lormicroorgani#m!lor Co=agr!gar!a in$!rmicro)ial(Co=agr!gar!a in$!rmicro)ial( 5ac$orii d! m!diu 8%H, %r!&!n'a glucid!lor,5ac$orii d! m!diu 8%H, %r!&!n'a glucid!lor,

micro!l!m!n$!lor, !$c.9micro!l!m!n$!lor, !$c.9


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http://periobasics.com/wp-


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Microorgani#m!l! %l(cii %!#$! 77

Streptococcus: mutans

sobrinus

sanguis,

gordonii,

oralis Di"!r#! orm! d!Lactobacillus Porphyromonas gingivalis, Di"!r#! #%iroch!$! 8incl. Treponema iSelenomonas9, Campylobacter,

Fusobacterium, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans Prevotella Fusobacterium Actinomyces


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Tar$rul d!n$arTar$rul d!n$ar


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Tar$rul d!n$ar com%o&i'iaTar$rul d!n$ar com%o&i'ia

I.I. Su)#$an'! min!ral!?Su)#$an'! min!ral!?.. ##u%ragingi"alu%ragingi"al == 0/-0/-*.*. #u)gingi"al#u)gingi"al == 41-41-

II.II. MMa$ria$ric!a organic( ac!a organic( a$ar$rului$ar$rului#u%ragingi"al#u%ragingi"al con#$i$ui!con#$i$ui! 4./-4./- din ma#adin ma#au#ca$(u#ca$(.. 3ro$!in3ro$!in! =! = 42.+-42.+-*.*. Li%idLi%id! =! =7.*-7.*-, din car! , din car!

Li%id! n!u$r! =Li%id! n!u$r! = .1-.1- Klcoli%idKlcoli%id!!== *1-*1- 55o#o#oli%idoli%id!!== 7.*-7.*-


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Tar$rul d!n$ar com%o&i'ia min!ral(Tar$rul d!n$ar com%o&i'ia min!ral(

5o#a$ oc$acalcic5o#a$ oc$acalcic CaCa1183O83O2299228H3O8H3O2299**


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M!cani#mul orm(rii $ar$ruluiM!cani#mul orm(rii $ar$rului

Ad#or)'ia %ro$!in!lor #ali"ar!Ad#or)'ia %ro$!in!lor #ali"ar! Ad!rar!a microorgani#m!lorAd!rar!a microorgani#m!lor

Acumular!a Ca i 3i cu #u%ra#a$u=rar!aAcumular!a Ca i 3i cu #u%ra#a$u=rar!a%l(cii%l(cii Cr!ar!a %Hului o%$im %!n$ru min!rali=&ar!Cr!ar!a %Hului o%$im %!n$ru min!rali=&ar!

Nucl!a'iaNucl!a'ia 5ormar!a cri#$al!lor d! HA5ormar!a cri#$al!lor d! HA


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Echili)rul orm(rii $ar$ruluiEchili)rul orm(rii $ar$rului

Inhi)i$oriiInhi)i$oriia.a. Nucl!a'i!i Nucl!a'i!i ionii Mgionii Mg*F*F

dio#ona'iidio#ona'ii). Cr!$!rii cri#$al!lor). Cr!$!rii cri#$al!lor %ro$!in!l! #ali"ar!%ro$!in!l! #ali"ar!

imunoglo)ulin!l!imunoglo)ulin!l! al)umin!l!al)umin!l! 33i33i nn*F*F

3romo$orii3romo$orii ur!!aur!!a luorulluorul acidul #ilicic i cuar'ulacidul #ilicic i cuar'ul


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BIOCHIMIA SALIEIBIOCHIMIA SALIEI


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S!cr!'ia #ali"ar(S!cr!'ia #ali"ar(

.. olumulolumulm!diu =m!diu = diurn = 477 /77 mldiurn = 477 /77 ml Jn ca"i$a$!a )ucal( , mlJn ca"i$a$!a )ucal( , ml

*.*. D!)i$ulD!)i$ul#ali"ar 8"i$!&a #!cr!'i!i9 =#ali"ar 8"i$!&a #!cr!'i!i9 = Jn r!%ao# 7,*4=7,04 mlminJn r!%ao# 7,*4=7,04 mlmin #$imula$ cca ,4 mlmin#$imula$ cca ,4 mlmin maim = &iua 8lamaim = &iua 8la WW**7777 9 i Jn $im%ul m!#!lor9 i Jn $im%ul m!#!lor minim noa%$!aminim noa%$!a la nou=n(#cu'i 7,7=7, mlmin,la nou=n(#cu'i 7,7=7, mlmin, la #ugari 7,72=7,2 mlminla #ugari 7,72=7,2 mlmin la adul'i 7,*4=7,04 mlminla adul'i 7,*4=7,04 mlmin

i 'iil $i$('ii li i i 'iil $i$('ii li i


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aria'iil! can$i$('ii #ali"!iaria'iil! can$i$('ii #ali"!iI. Hi%o#ali"a'i! #auI. Hi%o#ali"a'i! #auhi%o%$iali#mhi%o%$iali#m

Cau&! i&iologic!Cau&! i&iologic!

.. r#$ar#$a

*.*. S!ulS!ul0.0. Ma#a cor%uluiMa#a cor%ului

2.2. 3!rioada &il!i3!rioada &il!i

4.4. Ano$im%ulAno$im%ul

Cauze patologiceCauze patologice

1.1. Medicamente (ccaMedicamente (cca

400)400).. !adioterapia regiunii!adioterapia regiunii

capului "i g#tuluicapului "i g#tului

$.$. &ec'iuni sistemice&ec'iuni sistemice

i 'iil $i$('ii li i i 'iil $i$('ii li i


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aria'iil! can$i$('ii #ali"!iaria'iil! can$i$('ii #ali"!iII. Hi%!r#ali"a'i! #auII. Hi%!r#ali"a'i! #auhi%!r%hi%!r%$iali#m$iali#m#au#au #ialor!!#ialor!!

Cau&! i&iologic!Cau&! i&iologic!

.. Eru%'ia din'ilorEru%'ia din'ilor

*.*. Kra"idi$a$!a 8I=IIKra"idi$a$!a 8I=II$rim!#$ru9$rim!#$ru9

0.0. M!n#$rua'iaM!n#$rua'ia

2.2. S$imula$( r!l!c$orS$imula$( r!l!c$or8miro#, gu#$, ma#$ica'i!98miro#, gu#$, ma#$ica'i!9

Cauze patologiceCauzepatologice

1.1. ureri dentareureri dentare

.. tapa ini'ial a purtriitapa ini'ial a purtrii

protezelorprotezelor$.$. *ritri "i in+ama'ii*ritri "i in+ama'ii

,uco-&aringiene,uco-&aringiene

4.4. &ec'iuni neurologice&ec'iuni neurologice

.. *to/ica'ii (, 2g r*to/ica'ii (, 2g retc)etc)

3.3. MedicamenteMedicamente

7.7. 2iperparatiroidism2iperparatiroidism


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3ro%ri!$('il! i&ico=chimic! al! #ali"!i3ro%ri!$('il! i&ico=chimic! al! #ali"!i

I.I. D!n#i$a$!aD!n#i$a$!a#au gr!u$a$!a #%!ciic(#au gr!u$a$!a #%!ciic(,77* ,771 gml,77* ,771 gml

II.II. i#co&i$a$!ai#co&i$a$!a ,71 ,0* ,71 ,0*

III.III. %H=ul%H=ul m!diu ,14=,+7 m!diu ,14=,+7 la co%ii ,2=1,*2la co%ii ,2=1,*2 la adul'i 4,1=/,la adul'i 4,1=/,


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3ro%ri!$('il! i&ico=chimic! al! #ali"!i3ro%ri!$('il! i&ico=chimic! al! #ali"!i

I.I. 5or'a ionic( 85or'a ionic( 899Jn #ali"a $o$al( la %H ,4Jn #ali"a $o$al( la %H ,4

%!n$ru anioni 7,70*%!n$ru anioni 7,70*

%!n$ru ca$ioni 7,7*+%!n$ru ca$ioni 7,7*+

II.II. 3r!#iun!a o#mo$ic(3r!#iun!a o#mo$ic( XX YY

din %r!#iun!a o#mo$ic( a #ng!luidin %r!#iun!a o#mo$ic( a #ng!lui


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Com%o&i'ia chimic( a #ali"!iCom%o&i'ia chimic( a #ali"!i

I.I. HH**O ++,4-O ++,4-

II.II. R!&iduu u#ca$ 7,4-, Jn car!R!&iduu u#ca$ 7,4-, Jn car!a.a. 0 #u)#$an'! min!ral!0 #u)#$an'! min!ral!

).). *0 #u)#$an'! organic!*0 #u)#$an'! organic!


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Com%uii min!rali ai #ali"!iCom%uii min!rali ai #ali"!i

3rinci%alii anioni3rinci%alii anioni

ClCl = 0/7=+27 mgl = 0/7=+27 mgl

3i3i = *7=*27 mgl = *7=*27 mgl

HCOHCO00 = *77=247 mgl = *77=247 mgl

SCN = *7=007 mglSCN = *7=007 mgl

3rinci%alii ca$ioni3rinci%alii ca$ioni

QQFF = 07=07 mgl= 07=07 mgl

NaNaFF = 077=47 mgl= 077=47 mgl

NHNH22FF = *7=77 mgl= *7=77 mgl

CaCa*F*F = 47=7 mgl = 47=7 mgl

MgMg*F*F = 0=7 mgl= 0=7 mgl

nn*F*F = 7,=1 mgl= 7,=1 mgl

C ii i li i li iCom% ii min!rali ai #ali !i


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Com%uii min!rali ai #ali"!iCom%uii min!rali ai #ali"!i

Oligo!l!m!n$!l!Oligo!l!m!n$!l! 5luorul 7,=7,* mgl5luorul 7,=7,* mgl Iod 7,704=7,*2 mglIod 7,704=7,*2 mgl Cu%ru 7,4= /, mglCu%ru 7,4= /, mgl Brom 7,*=/, mglBrom 7,*=/, mgl Co)al$ 7=7,*4 mglCo)al$ 7=7,*4 mgl

Su)#$an'!l! oca&ional!Su)#$an'!l! oca&ional!3), Hg, I3), Hg, I**radioac$i".radioac$i".

3 i l li i


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3ro$!in!l! #ali"!i3ro$!in!l! #ali"!i

$o$al ,/4 gl$o$al ,/4 glI.I. 3ro$!in!l! d! origin! #!ric(3ro$!in!l! d! origin! #!ric(??

Al)umin!Al)umin! = i= i =glo)ulin!=glo)ulin! imunoglo)ulin! IgA, IgK, IgMimunoglo)ulin! IgA, IgK, IgM %ro$!in!l! #i#$!mului coagul(rii ac$orii%ro$!in!l! #i#$!mului coagul(rii ac$orii

III, II, III i IZIII, II, III i IZ

Com%l!m!n$ul CCom%l!m!n$ul C00

aglu$inin!l! A i Baglu$inin!l! A i B !$c.!$c.


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MMucina MKucina MKM @ 777 PDaM @ 777 PDa

3ar$!a %ro$!ic( 4-3ar$!a %ro$!ic( 4-

3ar$!a glucidic( /1-3ar$!a glucidic( /1-

Sula$ /-Sula$ /-Nr. uni$('ilorNr. uni$('ilor

oligo&aharidic! *+*oligo&aharidic! *+*

MMucina * MK*ucina * MK*M cca *77=*47 PDaM cca *77=*47 PDa

3ar$!a %ro$!ic( 07-3ar$!a %ro$!ic( 07-

3ar$!a glucidic( +-3ar$!a glucidic( +-

Sula$ -Sula$ -Nr. uni$('ilorNr. uni$('ilor

oligo&aharidic! /7oligo&aharidic! /7

II.II. 3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!??Mucin!l!Mucin!l!

Moleculele MG


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Moleculele MG

ioc5em. 6. (18) $$4 41-4


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3!%$id( 20 aminoaci&i3!%$id( 20 aminoaci&i Ca%($ul N=$!rminal acid, cu 4 #arcini n!ga$i"!Ca%($ul N=$!rminal acid, cu 4 #arcini n!ga$i"! Ca%($ul C=$!rminal hidroo)Ca%($ul C=$!rminal hidroo) RolulRolul inhi)( %r!ci%i$ar!a #%on$an( a o#$ului d! inhi)( %r!ci%i$ar!a #%on$an( a o#$ului d!

calciu Jn #ali"(calciu Jn #ali"( Con$ri)ui! la coloni&ar!a ini'ial( a #u%ra!'!i d!n$ar!Con$ri)ui! la coloni&ar!a ini'ial( a #u%ra!'!i d!n$ar!

d! c($r! )ac$!riid! c($r! )ac$!rii

II.II. 3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!??S$a$!rinaS$a$!rina


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*4=07- din $o$alul %ro$!in!lor #ali"ar!*4=07- din $o$alul %ro$!in!lor #ali"ar!

2 $i%uri2 $i%uri #$ruc$ur( analogic( mol!cul( hidroo)( #au n!u$r(#$ruc$ur( analogic( mol!cul( hidroo)( #au n!u$r(

cu un dom!niui %olar, n!ga$i" la ca%($ul N=$!rminalcu un dom!niui %olar, n!ga$i" la ca%($ul N=$!rminal RolulRolul ad!r( la cri#$al!l! d! HA i inhi)( cr!$!r!a lor ad!r( la cri#$al!l! d! HA i inhi)( cr!$!r!a lor 3romo"!a&( a$aar!a )ac$!riilor la #u%ra!'!l! HA3romo"!a&( a$aar!a )ac$!riilor la #u%ra!'!l! HA

II.II. 3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!??

3ro$!in!l! )oga$! hi#$idin( = HR33ro$!in!l! )oga$! hi#$idin( = HR3


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Ci#$a$in!l!Ci#$a$in!l!

5o#o%ro$!in! )oga$! Jn CIS5o#o%ro$!in! )oga$! Jn CIS

S! ad#or) %! HAS! ad#or) %! HA R!gl!a&( hom!o#$a&ia CaR!gl!a&( hom!o#$a&ia Ca*F*FJn #ali"(Jn #ali"(

II.II. 3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!3ro$!in!l! #%!ciic! #ali"ar!??


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En&im!l! #ali"ar!En&im!l! #ali"ar!

=amila&a #ali"ar(=amila&a #ali"ar( Li&ocimulLi&ocimul Anhidra&a car)onic( IAnhidra&a car)onic( I

Lac$o%!roida&aLac$o%!roida&a Ur!a&aUr!a&a 3iroo#a$a&a3iroo#a$a&a 5o#a$a&a acid(5o#a$a&a acid( Hialuronida&aHialuronida&a =glucuronida&a=glucuronida&a Colin!#$!ra&aColin!#$!ra&a

Ri)onucl!a&(Ri)onucl!a&(


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Klucid!l! #ali"!iKlucid!l! #ali"!i

Klucid! $o$al! Klucid! $o$al! 7,*/=7,2 gl7,*/=7,2 gl Kluco&(Kluco&(

Klico%ro$!in!Klico%ro$!in!

3roduii oid(rii glucid!lor lac$a$, ci$ra$3roduii oid(rii glucid!lor lac$a$, ci$ra$


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R!lgla$oriR!lgla$ori

HormoniHormoni

Cor$i#olCor$i#olAldo#$!ronAldo#$!ronE#$rog!niE#$rog!ni

3rog!#$!rona3rog!#$!ronaT!#$o#$!ronT!#$o#$!ronM!la$onin(M!la$onin(

R!gla$ori localiR!gla$ori locali

QaliPr!inaQaliPr!ina5ac$orii d! cr!$!r!?5ac$orii d! cr!$!r!?

NK5NK5

EK5EK5IK5 I i IK5 IIIK5 I i IK5 IICi$oPin!Ci$oPin!


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M!cani#mul #!cr!'i!i #ali"ar! acinar!M!cani#mul #!cr!'i!i #ali"ar! acinar!

http://www.zuni.net/physiology/boo!/images/22-".jpg


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M!cani#mul #!cr!'i!i #ali"ar! duc$al!M!cani#mul #!cr!'i!i #ali"ar! duc$al!

http://www.zuni.net/physiology/boo!/images/22-#.jpg


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5unc'iil! #ali"!i5unc'iil! #ali"!i

I.I. M!n'in!r!a in$!grii$('ii mucoa#!lorM!n'in!r!a in$!grii$('ii mucoa#!lorII.II. 3ar$ici%ar!a la dig!#$i!?3ar$ici%ar!a la dig!#$i!?

Um!c$ar!a alim!n$!lor #olid!Um!c$ar!a alim!n$!lor #olid! 3!rlucrar!a m!canic(3!rlucrar!a m!canic( Dig!#$iaDig!#$ia

III.III. 3ro$!c'ia an$i)ac$!rian(3ro$!c'ia an$i)ac$!rian( S%!ciic( IgS%!ciic( Ig N!#%!ciic( li&ocim, lac$o!rin(, lac$o%!roid!,N!#%!ciic( li&ocim, lac$o!rin(, lac$o%!roid!,

#i#$!m!l! %!roida&ic!, !$c.#i#$!m!l! %!roida&ic!, !$c.


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5unc'iil! #ali"!i5unc'iil! #ali"!i

I.I. M!n'in!r!a !chili)rului acido=)a&ic M!n'in!r!a !chili)rului acido=)a&ic #i#$!m!l! $am%on )icar)ona$, o#a$ i#i#$!m!l! $am%on )icar)ona$, o#a$ i%ro$!ina$%ro$!ina$

.. 3ro$!c'ia an$icari!3ro$!c'ia an$icari! Dilu'ia i !liminar!a glucid!lor i al$orDilu'ia i !liminar!a glucid!lor i al$or

#u)#$an'! cariog!n!#u)#$an'! cariog!n!

Tam%onar!aTam%onar!a Ac'iun!a an$imicro)ian(Ac'iun!a an$imicro)ian( Echili)rar!a d!= i r!min!rali&(riiEchili)rar!a d!= i r!min!rali&(rii


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U$ili&ar!a #ali"!i Jn diagno#$ic

.. Diagno#$ic )ac$!riologic i "iral?Diagno#$ic )ac$!riologic i "iral?H!%a$i$!l! "iral!H!%a$i$!l! "iral!Ru)!ola i rug!olaRu)!ola i rug!ola3aro$i$a3aro$i$aH!r%!#H!r%!#

HIHI!$c.!$c.


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*.*. Diagno#$icul unor a!c'iuni #i#$!mic!Diagno#$icul unor a!c'iuni #i#$!mic! A!c'iun!a c!liac(A!c'iun!a c!liac( 5i)ro&a ci#$ic(5i)ro&a ci#$ic(

Sindromul S6Sindromul S6[[gr!ngr!n Car!n'a *=hidroila&!iCar!n'a *=hidroila&!i

0.0. D!%i#$ar!a marP!rilor $umorali aiD!%i#$ar!a marP!rilor $umorali ai Carcinomului c!lul!lor #cuamoa#! al! ca"i$('ii )ucal!Carcinomului c!lul!lor #cuamoa#! al! ca"i$('ii )ucal! Canc!rului mamarCanc!rului mamar Canc!rului o"arianCanc!rului o"arian


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2.2. Diagno#$icul in$oica'iilor cu?Diagno#$icul in$oica'iilor cu? M!dicam!n$!M!dicam!n$!

Bar)i$uric!Bar)i$uric!

T!oilinaT!oilina Ciclo#%orin!l!Ciclo#%orin!l! B!n&odia&!%in!l!B!n&odia&!%in!l!

M!$al!M!$al! 3), Ag, Hg, Li 3), Ag, Hg, Li Al$! no!Al$! no! !$anol, o%ia'i i al$! #u)#$an'! narco$ic!, !$anol, o%ia'i i al$! #u)#$an'! narco$ic!,

!$c.!$c.


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4.4. Do&ar!a com%uilor #!rici Jn ca&ul diicul$(='ilorDo&ar!a com%uilor #!rici Jn ca&ul diicul$(='ilorcol!c$(rii #ng!luicol!c$(rii #ng!lui Ur!!aUr!!a

In#ulinaIn#ulina Hormonii #$!roi&iHormonii #$!roi&i

Stom specif

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