1ANTIDEPRESIVE DUP MECANISMUL DE ACIUNE I. Preparatele ce inhib recaptarea neuronal a monoaminelor 1.Neselective: Amitriptilina Imipramina Desipramina Doxepina Pipofezin(Azofen) 2. Selective: A. Blocheaz recaptarea serotoninei: Fluoxetina Trazodona B. Blocheaz reacaptarea noradrenalinei: Maprotilina Amoxapina II. Inhibitorii monoaminoxidazei(MAO): 1.Neselective(MAO A i MAO B) : Nialamida Fenezina Tranilcipromina(Transamina) 2.Selective(MAO A): Moclobemida Pirlindol(Pirazidol) III. Din diverse grupe : Feprozidina Cefedrin A/DEPRESIVE : 1.efect sedativ : amitriptilina,mianserina, pipofezina, furloxamina, trazodor, trimipramina 2. ef.activator :dezipramina, imipramina, nortriptilina tranilcipromina, fluoxidina, nealmida 3. ef.echilibrant :pirlindol, macrotilina,sertralina, paroxitina 4. ef.anxiolitic :epipramol, alprazolam CLASIFICAREA PSIHOSTIMULANTELOR I. Fenilalchilaminele: Amfetamin Metamfetamin II. Derivai de piperidine: Metilfenidat(Meridil) Piridrol(Pipradol) III. Sidnonimine: Mezocarb(Sidnocarb) IV. Metilxantine: Cafein Cafein natriu benzoic V. Derivaii imidazolului : Etimizol REMEDIILE NOOTROPE (NEUROTONICE) 4. Impiedica eliberarea neuromediat.stimulatori : lamotrigina,fenitoina,carbamazepina,valproatii 5. Inhiba carboanhidraza : acetazolamina,sultiam ANTIPARKINSONIENE : 1.care restabiles fondalul de dopamina : levodopa, preparate combin: maldopar, sinemed,nakon 2.agonistii dopaminei : directa(recept)bromcriptina,lisurid, pergolit indirect :seleghina(inh,inactiv)amantadina(Ieliber) 3.colinolitica : trihexifenidil, biperiden, prociclidina, pridinol,benzatropina,dietazina, benactizina, orfenadrina 4. inh. actiun.glutamatergica(bloc. N-MDArecept) : amantadina,midantan 5.preparate adjuvante :h1a/hist,tranchiliz., m-colinobloc.perif a/depres.,a/infect.,act.a/a circ.cerebr. Utilizarea : Forme usoare :colinoblocante,amantadina, seligina Forme grave :prep.levodopei, bromcriptina,lisurid Park.medicamentos : colinobloc., h1a/histamin. ANTISPASTICELE MUSC. STRIATE : Benzodiazepine :diazepam, fenozepam,tetrazepam Agonistii GABA : fenibut, baclofen Deriv.de bezoxazolonei :miolgin, clorzoxazona, Diverse :tizanidina, tolmperison, meprobamat ANALGEZICELE A)Act. predominant centrala : I. opioizi 1.Alcaloizii opiului : -agon :morfina,hidromorfon, oximorfon, omnopon -ag.mod :codeina, hidrocodon, oxicodon -ag-ant :nalbufina,buprenorfina -antag : naloxon, naltrexon 2.semisintetice : d.fenilheptilaminei :metadon(ag), propoxifen(ag.m) d.fenilpiperidinei :ag-trimepiridina, fentanil, alfentanil, sufentanil, ag.m- difenoxilat, piritramid d.morfinanei :levorfnol(a), butorfan(ag-ant), levalorfan(ant) d.ac.ciclohexancarbonic :tilidina(pediatrie) d.benzomorfanei :pentazocina,dezocina act.mixta :tramadol II. neopioizi : Clonidina,amitriptilina,imizina, difenhidramina, Carbamazepina,valproat deNa, somatostatina, Levomepromazina Paracetamolul, solpadeim,coldrex,panandol B) Act. Periferica : AINS Derivatii pirazolinei :fenilbutazona,baralgina Diverse : ketorolac Principii de administrare : Imioc :peritramid Dureri spastice : trimeperidina, omnopon(papaver, drotaverina) Arsuri :metadon,nalbufina,buprenorfina Nasteri :pentazocina,trimeperidine, tramadol La copii : 1.ac.acetilsalicilic 50mg/kgcorp/zi, paracetamol 60mg-/-4-6prize 2.piridina- 1 pic/an propoxifen3-10mg/kg/zi 3-4 prize 3.mepiridina 5-10 mg/kg/zi 6 prize neuroleptanalgezia(tramonal) Relaxarea musculara : Buna Moderata : Slaba Analgezia : Buna Moderata : Slaba VEGETOTROPE Colinergice Colinomimetice I.act.directa. 1.m-n cm : acetilcolina, carbacolina, carbacol(glaucom) 2.M-col.mim pilocarpina, aceclidina, cizaprid 3.N-cm :lobelina,lobezil,citizina, anabazina.. II indirecte (anticolinesterazice) : 1.usor reversibile(10-20) edrofoniu 2.moderat (1-8 h) neostigmina, galantamina,ezerina,piridostigmina,distigmina, ambenoniu,amipiridina 3.ireversibile : medic : paraoxan, ecotiopat,armina... Actiunea preponderenta : 1..TD, vezica urinara : neostigmina, ezerina,piridostigmina,distigmina,amipiridina,galantamina 2. Ochiul : ezerina, paraoxon, ecotiopat, neostigmina,demecariu 3.Musc. striata (miastenie-dg,cr,trat) : galantamina,edrofoniu,distigmina,piridostigmina, ambenoniu,amipiridina,neostigmina 4.SNC galantamina,ezerina Colinoblocante : m-colinobloc. : 1.neselective : atropina, scopolamina, platifilina, comatropina,metil, butilscopolamina,propantelina, ipratropiu, oxitropiu,metocin 2.selective : M1 :pirenzepina,telenzepina M2 :galtomina, himbacina M3 : Amine tertiare : atropina,scopolamina,platifilina Biscuaternare : Utilizarea : 1.Midriatice :homatropina, atropina, tropicamida, scopolamina 2.spasmolitice :platifilina, metilscopolamina, butilscopolamina, propantelina 3.a/asmatice : oxitropiu, ipratropiu, metacin 4.a/secret :pirenzepina,telenzepina Adrenergice Adrenomimetice : 1.Vasoconstrictoare de sistem : epinefrina,Ne,efedrina,dopamina,fenilefrina, etilefrina, metoxamina, metoraminol, midodrina 2.Vasoconstrictoare locale : nafazolina,xilometazolina, oximetazolina, indazolina, tetrahidrazolina,efedrina, pseudoefedrina,fenilefrina 3.cardiostimulatoare : izoprenalina, epinefrina, efedrina, orciprenalina, dopamina,dobutamina 4.Bronhodilatatoare : izoprenalina, orciprenalina,epinefrina,efedrina,salbutamol, terbutalina, fenoterol, hexoprenalina,clenbuteral, salmeterol, formaterol 5.tocolitice : fenoterol,salbutam,terbutalina 6. Vasodilatatoarele periferice :Izoxuprina,............ 7.A/hipertensive :clonidina, guanfacina, guanabenz Durata de act : Scurta (5-15m) epinefrina,NE, dopamina Medie(20-40) fenilefrina,etilefrina,metoxamina, metoraminol lunga(60) efedrina,midodrina SISTEMULUI RESPIRATOR I. Remediile analeptice respiratorii 1.Remedii cu aciune direct asupra centrului respirator i vasomotor: Bemegrid Cafein natriubenzoic Etimizol Pentetrazol 1 Remedii cu aciune reflex (N-colinomimetice): Cititon Lobelin 2 Remedii cu aciune mixt : Niketamid(Cordiamin) CO2 II. Remediile antitusive 1 Remedii cu aciune central: A. Stupefiante: Codein Etilmorfin clorhidrat B. Nestupefiante: Glaucin clorhidrat Tusuprex 2 Remedii cu aciune periferic: Prenoxidiazin(Libexin) III. Remedii expectorante: 1. Secretostimulante: A. Cu aciune reflex: Ipeca Linte lanciolat Nalb de mare B. Cu aciune direct: Iodura de potasiu, de sodiu Hidrocarbonat de sodiu Benzoat de sodiu 2 Secretolitice: A. Enzime proteolitice: Tripsina Chimotripsina Dezoxiribonucleaz B. Remedii sintetice i semisintetice: Acetilcistein Carbocistein Ambroxol Bromhexin

1.

Derivaii pirolidonei: Piracetam(Nootropil) 2. Derivaii piridoxinei: Piritinol(Piriditol) 3. Derivaii GABA: Acidul -aminobutiric Oxibutiratul de sodiu Acidul hopantenic 3.Derivaii de dimetilaminoetanolului: Meclofenoxat 4. Alte grupe farmacologice: Vinpocetina Cinarizina Pentoxifilina Orotatul de potasiu 5. Stimulantele generale: A. Plante tonizante: Schizandra Pantocrin Sterculia Rantorin Leuzea Echinopanax B. Plante adaptogene: Panax(Ginseng) Bioginseng Aralia Rodiola Eleuterococcus PSIHOTROPE : 1.psiholeptice :sedative, tranchilizante,neuroleptice 2.psihoanaleptice :a/depresive, excit.SNC,nootrope, analeptice(medul, bulbare, generale-tonizantele,adapt) 3.psihodisleptice :psihozomimetice 4.timoizoleptice : prep.Li, carbamazepina,valproatii, bloc.c.Ca HIPNOTICE : Benzodiazepine: flurazepam, flunitrazepam, fluormetazepam, Clortiazepam, oxazipam,midazolam,triazolam,lormetazepam Barbiturice: barbital, fenobarbital, amobarbital,butabarbital, Ciclobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital Nebenzodiazepine: zolpiden,zolpiclon H1 a/hist.:difenhidramina, clorpiramina, doxilamina, prometazina Derv. GABA + prep.seroton. :oxibutiratul de Na, predeces.seroton. Compusi alifatici :cloralhidrat, bromizoval Diverse : Tranchilizante : t1/2=24-48hdiazepam, fenazepam,clordiazepam, 6-24h oxazepam, lorazepam alprozolam, 10h) : nebenzodiazepine, oxazepam, triazolam,midazolam,oxibatul de Na, pentociclobarbital A/EPILEPTICE : I. Crize epileptice generalizate : 1.crize majore :fenobarbital,fenitoina,carbamazepina,ac.valproic, valproatul de Na, primidona 2.crize minore :etosuximida, valproatii,clonazepam,morsuximida(r) 3.crize mioclonice: fenobarbital,clonazepam,valproatii 4.crize achinetice :clonazepam,nitrazepam 5.rau epileptic :diazepam,clonazepam,fenobarbital Na, fenitoina Na II. crize partiale : simple: fenobarbital, fenitoina,carbamazepina Complexe :gabapentina, vigabatrina, lamotrigin, subtiam Mecanismul de actiune : 1.Actiune membrano-stabilizatoare : bloc.c.Na- impied. depolarizarea: fenitoina, carbamazepina,valproatii bloc.cCa tip T(depolarizarea) :etosuximida,oxisumida, trimetadiona desch.c.Cl(hiperpolarizare) : benzodiazepine, barbiturice,primidon 2. Acumuleaza GABA p/n :blocarea recaptarii sau metabolizarii sau facilitarea actiunii : ac.valproic,valproatii,fenitoina,vigabotrina, gabapentina 3. Antagonism cu adenozina din creer : carbamazepina

ANESTEZICE LOCALE 1.naturale cocaina 2.sintetice :tetracaina,trimecaina,procaina,lidocaina, mepivacaina,benzocaina,cincocaina,bubivicaina... --------tipul de anest : 1.de suprafata :tetracaina, lidocaina 2.de conducere : bupivacaina, procaina,lidocaina, trimecaina,prilocaina,etidocaina,mepivacaina, 3.infiltrativa : procaina, lidocaina,etidocaina, bupivacaina 4.rahianestezice : lidocaina, mepivacaina,bupivacaina potenta si toxicitate : 1.mare :tetracaina,cincocaina,bupivacaina,etidocaina 2. medie : lidocaina, trimecaina,cocaina, benzocaina, mepivacaina,prilocaina 3.mica : procaina, clorprocaina durata de act : 1.lunga(