Predicatul in romana si engleza, scurta paralela

8/16/2019 Predicatul in romana si engleza, scurta paralela

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The predicate is the main part of a sentence.

All the predicates can be subdivided into verbal and nominal.

The main difference between them lies in the fact that verbal predicates name actions or processes, while nominal predicates name states or properties.

VERBAL PRED!ATE"

All the verbal predicates can be subdivided into "imple and !ompound. The "imple Verbal Predicate denotes an activit# performed $suffered% b# the ob&ect. t'se(pressed b# the finite form of the verb in the re)uired tense, mood, aspect and voice. tcan also be e(pressed b# a set e(pression $phrase%.

E.*. I like grammar .+e are readin* En*lish boos. $Anal#tical form%-e pa#s much attention to his *rammar. $"et phrase%

The !ompound Verbal Predicate consists of two parts. The# are called The semi au(iliar# part and the notional part.

The notional part names an action or a process and it's mostl# e(pressed b# an infinitiveor a *erund.The semiau(iliar# part e(presses different *rammatical cate*ories $tense, mood, aspectetc.%

!are should be taen that the compound verbal predicate is never used in its pure t#pe.t's alwa#s used in one of its variants.

Dependin* on the nature of the semiau(iliar# part we differentiate the followin* t#pes of the compound verbal predicate/

REAL T0PE"

1. The !23P245D VERBAL 32DAL PRED!ATE

n this predicate the semiau(iliar# part is e(pressed b# a modal verb or b# a word phraseof modal semantics.

tr#,intend,have to,to be to,to be about,


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to be *oin* to,had better,would rather,can't help but,on the point of ,

mean,to be ea*er, be able, be an(ious, be capable.

E.*. can stud# *rammar for hours6 can't help but do it.

7. The !23P245D VERBAL A"PE!TVE PRED!ATE.

n this predicate the semiau(iliar# part is e(pressed b# a verb of aspective semantics i.e. b# a verb denotin* the be*innin*, continuation or end of some action.

be*in,continue,*o on,stop,finish,cease,start,carr# on,

commence,set about,eep, proceed,*ive up,leave off

t can also be e(pressed b# the verbs used to or would which e(press a repeated action inthe past.

E.*. t be*an rainin*.-e used to call on us ever# 3onda#.

8888 There is a special t#pe of the compound aspective predicate in which the notional partis e(pressed b# a participle, while the semiau(iliar# part is e(pressed b# a verb ofmotion which loses its le(ical meanin*.

E.*. -e came runnin* into the room.The ship went floatin* across the ocean.


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9. The !23P245D VERBAL 32DALA"PE!TVE PRED!ATE.

n this predicate the semiau(iliar# part is e(pressed b# a verb of aspective semanticswhich is modified b# a modal element $modal phrase etc.%

E.*. t ma# be*in rainin* soon.

C. PREDICATUL VERBAL1. Definiţie Predicatul verbal este partea principal: de propo;i


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!=ntecul era interpretat cu m:iestrie. Va'are $re,icati"ă au ?i verbele/ a fi c=nd are sensul verbelor / a exista, a se afla, a se găsi, a se petrece, a

se ntâmpla, a valora, a costa, a dura, a trăi, a se duce, a-şi avea originea/

!ra >n vara anului 1C. !=t este litrul de lapte Br:


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Ele sunt predicate verbale, >ntruc=t >n fa


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!ate*oria predicatului compus nu e >ns: suficient delimitat: din punct de

vedere *ramatical ?i, de altfel, nici verbele de modalitate ?i nici cele de aspect nu

formea;: o cate*orie *ramatical: precis constituit: >n limba noastr:. n consecin


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n ca;uri speciale, c=nd accentul cade pe acnaintea subiectului/ 0ăsare soarele dinspre p:dure. Sosesc cicli?tii.

n limba rom=n: predicatul poate sta la >nceput, >n interior sau la sf=r?itul propo;intre ele nu

sunt intercalate alte p:rnl:tura prin proba complementului de a*ent. Dac:

*rupul a fi 9 $artici$i( poate fi urmat de un complement de a*ent $e(primat sausub>n


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T-E !23P245D 5235AL PRED!ATE.

The compound nominal predicate denotes a certain state or )ualit# of the sub&ect, it's a)ualif#in* predicate.

The compound nominal predicate consists of two parts the linverb and the predicative.The predicative names a state or a propert#. t serves to characteri;e the sub&ect.t can be e(pressed b# a word of an# notional part of speech or b# a phrase or a clause.

"he is a doctor $noun%."he is beautiful $ad&ective%.2ur tas is that we should now *rammar well. $Predicative clause%.That was what she did.

"ometimes the predicative is e(pressed b# an infinitive or a *erundial comple(/

E.*. The most important thin* for us is to meet her. The *reatest trouble was our not nowin* all the details.

The linverb e(presses different *rammatical cate*ories. t has no independent meanin*and its function is to connect the sub&ect with the predicative. t's usuall# e(pressed b#the verb to be but it can also be e(pressed b# some other verb which loses its le(icalmeanin* and ac)uires the abstract meanin* of /

1. Bein* $be, feel, loo, smell, taste% $sound funn#, burn dim, suc dr#,%

7. Becomin* $become, *row, *et, turn% $to be called Bob, to be left alone,%

9. Remainin* $remain, continue, eep, sta#% $to be elected president%

C. "eemin* and appearin* $seem, appear%

E.*. The weather turned cold. 0ou loo *reat.

888 !are should be taen that the verb to be is mostl# used as a linverb but it can also beused as a notional verb denotin* e(istence. n such cases the verb to be is a simple verbal predicate.E.*. There is a chair near the door. The house was in the bac street.

4nlie the compound verbal predicate the compound nominal predicate can be used in its pure t#pe. But lie the compound verbal predicate it can have some variants.

1. The !23P245D 5235AL 32DAL PRED!ATE.n this predicate the linverb is modified a modal element.


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). %tr(ct(ra $re,icat('(i n+ina'Predicatul nominal concentrea;: particularitatea comunic:rii >n numele

predicativ. El este alc:tuit din dou: elemente/ un verb copulativ, la un mod

personal ?i un nume predicativ, care poate fi simplu sau multiplu.iecare dintre cele dou: elemente intr: >n relan care verbele

copulative nu au subiecte. Aceste situan e(presiile verbale

impersonale/ ! $ine c: ai venit.Verbele copulative sunt nepredicative pentru c: nu pot forma sin*ure predicatul, ci

numai >mpreun: cu un nume predicativ. Acestea se mai numesc ?i au(iliare.

Verbele copulative >?i p:strea;: calitatea de verbe nepredicative ?i c=nd suntfolosite la moduri nepersonale/

- infinitiv/ Are obli*a


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El devine 2a"unge, se face, iese3 doctor. a $ărea ?i a se $ărea/ 2pinia ei pare 2se pare3 ne>ntemeiat: pe ar*umente.

- n( a( sens 'e*ica'

- s(nt intran&iti"e- "erbe c$('ati"e fără s(biect

De?i verbele copulative fac le*:tura dintre numele predicative ?i subiecte

putem aminti aici situan care subiectul este

e(primat prin diferite p:r


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A fost odat: un mo? ?i o bab:.

!a verb predicativ personal poate fi echivalent semantic cu verbele a e*istaa se af'a a se =ăsi a trece a se ,(ce a csta a se cn *hio;dan.$se afl:%

De unde eşti $provii%!a verb predicativ impersonal , verbul a fi poate fi >nlocuit cu verbele a

treb(i a se !nt+$'a a fi necesar/Dac: este s: soseasc:, anun


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- A părea este un verb copulativ c=nd este personal ?i pre;int:

caracteristica subiectului ca aparenn e(presiile verbale impersonale/ $are se $are +i se $are/arba pare de om:t. $verb copulativ%

ancu pare un bunic fericit. $ verb predicativ%Se pare 1M c: nu va mai insista.7M

PP "B

(i se pare 1M c: mama a uitat fereastra deschis:.7MPP "B

- A rămâne este copulativ personal sau impersonal c=nd arat: mai ales

subiectul/ El a rămas acela?i.

0ămâne hot:r=t 1M c: vei pleca m=ine 7M.PP %B

Poate avea valoare predicativ: atunci c=nd este personal ?i impersonal cusensul de treb(ie/

n fiecare noapte rămânea la caban:. $verb predicativ personal%

5ui rămâne dec=t s: accepte. $verb predicativ impersonal% 0ămâne de verificat. $verb predicativ impersonal%

Verbul copulativ, >n unele situan

Predicatul in romana si engleza, scurta paralela

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