Ion IvanoviciFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia(Redirected fromIvanovici)Ion Ivanovici

Ion Ivanovici(alternatively:Jovan Ivanovi,Iosif Ivanovici,Josef Ivanovich) (1845 October 4, 1902) was aRomanianmilitary bandleader andcomposerofTransylvanianSerbianorigin, best remembered today for his waltzWaves of the Danube.Ivanovici was born inTimioara,Habsburg Monarchy. His interest in music began after he learned to play aflutegiven to him when he was a child.[1]Later, he enrolled in the 6th Army Regiment, where he also learned to play theclarinet. His talent for music soon led him to become among the best musicians in the regiment, and he continued to study withEmil Lehr, one of the most prominent musicians of the latter half of the nineteenth century. Ivanovici later became abandmaster, and toured Romania. In 1900, he was appointed the Inspector of Military Music, a position that he held until his death next year.[1]Although today Ivanovici is chiefly remembered for his waltzWaves of the Danube(Donauwellenin German, Flots du Danube, in French), in his lifetime he composed over 350 dances, and his works were published by over sixty publishing houses throughout the world.[1]In 1889, Ivanovici won the coveted march prize to mark theWorld Exhibitionin Paris,[2]out of 116 entries.[1]He died inBucharest.His great-grandsonAndrei Ivanovitchis a successful international classical pianist.

Mihai EminescuFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"Eminescu" redirects here. For other uses, seeEminescu (disambiguation).Mihai Eminescu

Born15 January 1850Botoani,Moldavia

Died15 June 1889(aged39)Bucharest,Romania

OccupationPoet

GenresRomanticism

Notable work(s)"Luceafrul", "Scrisoarea III", "Ft-Frumos din lacrim"

Mihai Eminescu(Romanian pronunciation:[mihaj eminesku]; bornMihail Eminovici; 15 January 1850 15 June 1889) was aRomanticpoet, novelist and journalist, often regarded as the most famous and influentialRomanianpoet.[1]Eminescu was an active member of theJunimealiterary society and he worked as an editor for the newspaperTimpul("The Time"), the official newspaper of theConservative Party(18801918).[2]His poetry was first published when he was 16 and he went toViennato study when he was 19. The poet'sManuscripts, containing 46 volumes and approximately 14,000 pages, were offered by Titu Maiorescu as a gift to the Romanian Academy during the meeting that was held on 25 January 1902.[3]Notable works includeLuceafrul(The Vesper/The Evening Star/The Lucifer/The Daystar),Od n metru antic(Ode in Ancient Meter), and the fiveLetters(Epistles/Satires). In his poems he frequently used metaphysical, mythological and historical subjects.Contents[hide] 1Life 1.1Family 1.2Early years 1.3Statue 1.4Later life 2Works 2.1Poetry 2.2Prose 3Romanian culture 3.1Genius 3.2National poet 3.3Iconography 3.4International legacy 4Political views 5References 5.1Footnotes 5.2Notation 6External linksLife[edit]Family[edit]

Family

Mihai Eminescu statue,Copou Park

Mihai Eminescu statue,Chiinu

His father was Gheorghe Eminovici from Clineti, aMoldavianvillage inSuceavacounty,Bucovina, which was then part of theAustrian Empire(while his father came fromBanat). He crossed the border intoMoldavia, settling inIpoteti, near the town ofBotoani. He married Raluca Iuracu, an heiress of an old aristocratic Moldavian family. In a register of the members of Junimea, Eminescu himself wrote down the date of his birth as 22 December 1849 and in the documents of the Gymnasium fromCernui, where Eminescu studied, the date of 14 December 1849 is written down as his birthday. Nevertheless,Titu Maiorescu, in his workEminescu and His Poems(1889) quoted N. D. Giurescu's researches and adopted his conclusion regarding the date and place of Mihai Eminescu's birth, as being 15 January 1850, in Botoani. This date resulted from several sources, amongst which there was a file of notes on christenings from the archives of the Uspenia (Domneasc) Church of Botoani; inside this file, the date of birth was "15 January 1850" and the date of christening was the 21st of the same month. The date of his birth was confirmed by the poet's elder sister, Aglae Drogli, who affirmed that the place of birth was the village of Ipoteti.[4]Early years[edit]Mihail (as he appears in baptismal records) or Mihai (the more common form that he used) was born in Botoani,Moldavia. He spent his early childhood in Botoani and Ipoteti, in his parents' family home. From 1858 to 1866 he attended school inCernui. He finished 4th grade as the 5th of 82 students, after which he attended two years ofgymnasium.The first evidence of Eminescu as a writer is in 1866. In January of that yearRomanianteacherAron Pumnuldied and his students inCernuipublished a pamphlet,Lcrmioarele nvceilor gimnaziati(Tears of the Gymnasium Students) in which a poem entitledLa mormntul lui Aron Pumnul(At the Grave of Aron Pumnul) appears, signed "M. Eminovici". On 25 February his poemDe-a avea(If I were to have) was published inIosif Vulcan's literary magazineFamiliainPest. This began a steady series of published poems (and the occasional translation from German). Also, it was Iosif Vulcan, who disliked the Slavic source suffix "-ici" of the young poet's last name, that chose for him the more apparent Romanian "nom de plume"Mihai Eminescu.In 1867 he joined the troupe ofIorgu Caragialeas clerk and prompter; the next year he transferred to the troupe ofMihai Pascaly. Both of these were among the leading Romanian theatrical troupes of their day, the latter includingMatei MilloandFanny Tardini-Vldicescu. He soon settled inBucharest, where at the end of November he became a clerk and copyist for theNational Theater. Through this period, he continued to write and publish poems. He also paid his rent by translating hundreds of pages of a book byHeinrich Theodor Rotscher, although this never resulted in a completed work. Also at this time he began his novelGeniu pustiu(Wasted Genius), published posthumously in 1904 in an unfinished form.On 1 April 1869 he was a co-founder of the "Orient" literary circle, whose interests included the gathering of Romanian folklore, and documents relating to Romanian literary history. On 29 June, various members of the "Orient" group were commissioned to go to different provinces. Eminescu was assignedMoldavia. That summer, he quite by chance ran into his brother Iorgu, a military officer, inCimigiu Gardens, but firmly rebuffed Iorgu's attempt to get him to renew ties to his family.Still in summer 1869, he left Pascaly's troupe and traveled to Cernui andIai. He renewed ties to his family; his father promised him a regular allowance to pursue studies inViennain the fall. As always, he continued to write and publish poetry; notably, on the occasion of the death of the former ruler ofWallachia,Barbu Dimitrie tirbei, he published a leaflet,La moartea principelui tirbei.Statue[edit]

TheUniversity's Central Library"Mihai Eminescu",Iai

Eminescu's signatureFrom October 1869 to 1872 he studied inVienna. He was counted as an "extraordinary auditor" at the Faculty of Philosophy and Law. He was active in student life, befriendedIoan Slavici, and came to know Vienna throughVeronica Micle; he became a contributor toConvorbiri literare(Literary Conversations), edited byJunimea(The Youth). The leaders of this cultural organisation,Petre P. Carp,Vasile Pogor,Theodor Rosetti,Iacob NegruzziandTitu Maiorescu, exercised their political and cultural influence over Eminescu for the rest of his life. Impressed by one of Eminescu's poems,Venere i Madon(Venus and Madonna),Iacob Negruzzi, the editor ofConvorbiri literare, traveled to Vienna to meet him. Negruzzi would later write how he could pick Eminescu out of a crowd of young people in a Viennese caf by his "romantic" appearance: long hair and gaze lost in thoughts.In 1870 Eminescu wrote three articles under the pseudonym "Varro" inFederaiuneainPest, on the situation of Romanians and other minorities in theAustro-Hungarian Empire. He then became a journalist for the newspaperAlbina(The Bee) in Pest. From 1872 to 1874 he continued as a student inBerlin, thanks to a stipend offered byJunimea.From 1874 to 1877 he worked as director of theCentral LibraryinIai, substitute teacher, school inspector for the counties of Iai andVaslui, and editor of the newspaperCurierul de Iai(The Courier of Iai), all thanks to his friendship withTitu Maiorescu, the leader ofJunimeaand rector of theUniversity of Iai. He continued to publish inConvorbiri literare. He became a good friend ofIon Creang, whom he convinced to become a writer and introduced to theJunimealiterary club.In 1877 he moved toBucharest, where until 1883 he was first journalist, then (1880) editor-in-chief of the newspaperTimpul(The Time). During this time he wroteScrisorile,Luceafrul,Od n metru anticetc. Most of his notable editorial pieces belong to this period, whenRomaniawas fighting the Ottoman Empire in theRusso-Turkish War of 18771878and throughout the diplomatic race that eventually brought about the international recognition of Romanian independence, but under the condition of bestowing Romanian citizenship to all subjects of Jewish faith. Eminescu opposed this and another clause of theTreaty of Berlin: Romania's having to give southernBessarabiato Russia in exchange for NorthernDobrudja, a former Ottoman province on theBlack Sea.In June 1883, the poet fell seriously ill, and was interned in the hospital ofMihai EminescuFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"Eminescu" redirects here. For other uses, seeEminescu (disambiguation).Mihai Eminescu

Born15 January 1850Botoani,Moldavia

Died15 June 1889(aged39)Bucharest,Romania

OccupationPoet

GenresRomanticism

Notable work(s)"Luceafrul", "Scrisoarea III", "Ft-Frumos din lacrim"

Mihai Eminescu(Romanian pronunciation:[mihaj eminesku]; bornMihail Eminovici; 15 January 1850 15 June 1889) was aRomanticpoet, novelist and journalist, often regarded as the most famous and influentialRomanianpoet.[1]Eminescu was an active member of theJunimealiterary society and he worked as an editor for the newspaperTimpul("The Time"), the official newspaper of theConservative Party(18801918).[2]His poetry was first published when he was 16 and he went toViennato study when he was 19. The poet'sManuscripts, containing 46 volumes and approximately 14,000 pages, were offered by Titu Maiorescu as a gift to the Romanian Academy during the meeting that was held on 25 January 1902.[3]Notable works includeLuceafrul(The Vesper/The Evening Star/The Lucifer/The Daystar),Od n metru antic(Ode in Ancient Meter), and the fiveLetters(Epistles/Satires). In his poems he frequently used metaphysical, mythological and historical subjects.Contents[hide] 1Life 1.1Family 1.2Early years 1.3Statue 1.4Later life 2Works 2.1Poetry 2.2Prose 3Romanian culture 3.1Genius 3.2National poet 3.3Iconography 3.4International legacy 4Political views 5References 5.1Footnotes 5.2Notation 6External linksLife[edit]Family[edit]

Family

Mihai Eminescu statue,Copou Park

Mihai Eminescu statue,Chiinu

His father was Gheorghe Eminovici from Clineti, aMoldavianvillage inSuceavacounty,Bucovina, which was then part of theAustrian Empire(while his father came fromBanat). He crossed the border intoMoldavia, settling inIpoteti, near the town ofBotoani. He married Raluca Iuracu, an heiress of an old aristocratic Moldavian family. In a register of the members of Junimea, Eminescu himself wrote down the date of his birth as 22 December 1849 and in the documents of the Gymnasium fromCernui, where Eminescu studied, the date of 14 December 1849 is written down as his birthday. Nevertheless,Titu Maiorescu, in his workEminescu and His Poems(1889) quoted N. D. Giurescu's researches and adopted his conclusion regarding the date and place of Mihai Eminescu's birth, as being 15 January 1850, in Botoani. This date resulted from several sources, amongst which there was a file of notes on christenings from the archives of the Uspenia (Domneasc) Church of Botoani; inside this file, the date of birth was "15 January 1850" and the date of christening was the 21st of the same month. The date of his birth was confirmed by the poet's elder sister, Aglae Drogli, who affirmed that the place of birth was the village of Ipoteti.[4]Early years[edit]Mihail (as he appears in baptismal records) or Mihai (the more common form that he used) was born in Botoani,Moldavia. He spent his early childhood in Botoani and Ipoteti, in his parents' family home. From 1858 to 1866 he attended school inCernui. He finished 4th grade as the 5th of 82 students, after which he attended two years ofgymnasium.The first evidence of Eminescu as a writer is in 1866. In January of that yearRomanianteacherAron Pumnuldied and his students inCernuipublished a pamphlet,Lcrmioarele nvceilor gimnaziati(Tears of the Gymnasium Students) in which a poem entitledLa mormntul lui Aron Pumnul(At the Grave of Aron Pumnul) appears, signed "M. Eminovici". On 25 February his poemDe-a avea(If I were to have) was published inIosif Vulcan's literary magazineFamiliainPest. This began a steady series of published poems (and the occasional translation from German). Also, it was Iosif Vulcan, who disliked the Slavic source suffix "-ici" of the young poet's last name, that chose for him the more apparent Romanian "nom de plume"Mihai Eminescu.In 1867 he joined the troupe ofIorgu Caragialeas clerk and prompter; the next year he transferred to the troupe ofMihai Pascaly. Both of these were among the leading Romanian theatrical troupes of their day, the latter includingMatei MilloandFanny Tardini-Vldicescu. He soon settled inBucharest, where at the end of November he became a clerk and copyist for theNational Theater. Through this period, he continued to write and publish poems. He also paid his rent by translating hundreds of pages of a book byHeinrich Theodor Rotscher, although this never resulted in a completed work. Also at this time he began his novelGeniu pustiu(Wasted Genius), published posthumously in 1904 in an unfinished form.On 1 April 1869 he was a co-founder of the "Orient" literary circle, whose interests included the gathering of Romanian folklore, and documents relating to Romanian literary history. On 29 June, various members of the "Orient" group were commissioned to go to different provinces. Eminescu was assignedMoldavia. That summer, he quite by chance ran into his brother Iorgu, a military officer, inCimigiu Gardens, but firmly rebuffed Iorgu's attempt to get him to renew ties to his family.Still in summer 1869, he left Pascaly's troupe and traveled to Cernui andIai. He renewed ties to his family; his father promised him a regular allowance to pursue studies inViennain the fall. As always, he continued to write and publish poetry; notably, on the occasion of the death of the former ruler ofWallachia,Barbu Dimitrie tirbei, he published a leaflet,La moartea principelui tirbei.Statue[edit]

TheUniversity's Central Library"Mihai Eminescu",Iai

Eminescu's signatureFrom October 1869 to 1872 he studied inVienna. He was counted as an "extraordinary auditor" at the Faculty of Philosophy and Law. He was active in student life, befriendedIoan Slavici, and came to know Vienna throughVeronica Micle; he became a contributor toConvorbiri literare(Literary Conversations), edited byJunimea(The Youth). The leaders of this cultural organisation,Petre P. Carp,Vasile Pogor,Theodor Rosetti,Iacob NegruzziandTitu Maiorescu, exercised their political and cultural influence over Eminescu for the rest of his life. Impressed by one of Eminescu's poems,Venere i Madon(Venus and Madonna),Iacob Negruzzi, the editor ofConvorbiri literare, traveled to Vienna to meet him. Negruzzi would later write how he could pick Eminescu out of a crowd of young people in a Viennese caf by his "romantic" appearance: long hair and gaze lost in thoughts.In 1870 Eminescu wrote three articles under the pseudonym "Varro" inFederaiuneainPest, on the situation of Romanians and other minorities in theAustro-Hungarian Empire. He then became a journalist for the newspaperAlbina(The Bee) in Pest. From 1872 to 1874 he continued as a student inBerlin, thanks to a stipend offered byJunimea.From 1874 to 1877 he worked as director of theCentral LibraryinIai, substitute teacher, school inspector for the counties of Iai andVaslui, and editor of the newspaperCurierul de Iai(The Courier of Iai), all thanks to his friendship withTitu Maiorescu, the leader ofJunimeaand rector of theUniversity of Iai. He continued to publish inConvorbiri literare. He became a good friend ofIon Creang, whom he convinced to become a writer and introduced to theJunimealiterary club.In 1877 he moved toBucharest, where until 1883 he was first journalist, then (1880) editor-in-chief of the newspaperTimpul(The Time). During this time he wroteScrisorile,Luceafrul,Od n metru anticetc. Most of his notable editorial pieces belong to this period, whenRomaniawas fighting the Ottoman Empire in theRusso-Turkish War of 18771878and throughout the diplomatic race that eventually brought about the international recognition of Romanian independence, but under the condition of bestowing Romanian citizenship to all subjects of Jewish faith. Eminescu opposed this and another clause of theTreaty of Berlin: Romania's having to give southernBessarabiato Russia in exchange for NorthernDobrudja, a former Ottoman province on theBlack Sea.In June 1883, the poet fell seriously ill, and was interned in the hospital of