Lucrare de Disertatie - Fondarea Unei Af

7/26/2019 Lucrare de Disertatie - Fondarea Unei Af

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UNIVERSITATEA DIN ORADEAFACULTATEA DE TIINE ECONOMICE

ADMINISTRAREA AFACERILOR INTERNE IINTERNAIONALE ALE IMM-URILOR

FORMA DE NVMNT ZI

LUCRARE DE DISERTAIE

CONDUCTOR TIINIFICLECTOR UNIV. LEONARD ABRUDAN

ABSOLVENTPOPA TEODORA MIHAELA

ORADEA 2012


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UNIVERSITATEA DIN ORADEAFACULTATEA DE TIINE ECONOMICE

ADMINISTRAREA AFACERILOR INTERNE I

INTERNAIONALE ALE IMM-URILORFORMA DE NVMNT ZI

FONDAREA UNEI AFACERI DE

SUCCES PREMISE I ETAPE

STUDIU DE CAZ: ANALIZASUCCESULUI FIRMEI SOLVER

CONDUCTOR TIINIFICLECTOR UNIV. LEONARD ABRUDAN

ABSOLVENTPOPA TEODORA MIHAELA

ORADEA2012


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Cuprins:

Pagina

Introducere 1

Capitolul I - Afacerea concept, etape i caracteristici, determinareavalorii . 2

1.1. Conceptul de afacere ... 2

1.2. Etape i caracteristici

. 31.3. Determinarea valorii unei afaceri

. 5

Capitolul II - Factori de succes ai unei afaceri. 7

2.1. Cei 11 factori eseniali. 7

2.2. ediul de afaceri. 1!

2.3. Planul de afaceri. 13

Capitolul III ro!lul "ntreprin#$torului de succes 1%

3.1. "esponsa#ilit$ile i funciile omului de afaceri 1%

3.2. anager sau lider&... 15

3.3. "olul i 'nsuirile unui #un afacerist.. 1(


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Capitolul I& 'odalit$(i de "n!in(are a unei afaceri via)ile. 1*

%.1. Posi#ilit$i de autori)are a afacerii 2!

%.2. Elementele 'n funcie de care se alege o anumit$ form$ deautori)are . 22

Capitolul & - +tudiu de ca#.2%

5.1. Descrierea companiei... 2%

5.2. *nali)a succesului +rmei ,-/E" 25

Conclu#ii.

i)lio/ra!e 0


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Introducere

Lucrarea e !a"# $%& 'r('u)e *# 're+&),e 're-&*ee %& e,a'ee 'arcur*e $) !()area u)e&

a!acer& e *ucce*/ '(r)&) e a &)!(r-a"&& e)erae 'e),ru a $)"eee a!acer&e $) a)*a-u (r %&ee-e),ee care e &)!ue)"ea+#/ 'ar,&cuar&+) 'r&),r3u) e4e-'u rea a u)e& a!acer& 'r(a*'#,$)!&&)"a,e/ a)a&+) cu- *e a'&c# a*'ec,ee ,e(re,&ce $) a)a&+a *ucce*uu& u)e& !&r-e&.

A- ae* *# -# re!er a acea*,# ,e-# e(arece $) ec()(-&a e a+& !(ar,e -u,e c(-'a)&&*e $)c5& e(arece )u *u), e*,u e 'r(!u) )&,e %& a)a&+a,e/ )u *e &au $) c()*&erare ,(a,ea*'ec,ee &-'(r,a),e $) ceea ce 'r&6e%,e c()*,&,u&rea u)e& a!acer&. 7) -(-e),u $) care *e &aec&+&a $)!&&)"#r& u)e& a!acer&/ e )e6(&e e ( &)!(r-are e,a&a,# a*u'ra ,u,ur(r ee-e),e(r care (&)!ue)"ea+#/ '(r)&) $) *'ec&a cu a&&,a,ea a),re're)(ruu& e a uce c(-'a)&a 'e cu-&e*ucce*uu&.

Acea*,# ucrare c()"&)e (u# '#r"&/ ( 'ar,e ,e(re,&c# %& u)a 'rac,&c#.

Par,ea ,e(re,&c# e*,e $-'#r"&,# $) 8 ca'&,(e. Pr&-u ca'&,( cu'r&)e &)!(r-a"&& re!er&,(area c()ce',u e a!acere/ care are -a& -u,e acce'"&u)& $) ec()(-&e9 e,a'ee c()*,&,u&r&& u)e&a!acer& %& carac,er&*,&c&e 'r&)c&'ae ae ace*,e&a %& a!#- care *u), -e,(ee 'r&) care 'u,e- *#e6au#- 6a(area u)e& a!acer&.

Ce e3a (&ea ca'&,( e re!er# a !ac,(r&& e *ucce* a& u)e& !&r-e/ e,a&&) ce& 11!ac,(r& e*e)"&a& a%a cu- au !(*, 're+e),a"& $) caru %c(&& a),re're)(r&ae ANTRES/ re!er&)u3-# %& a -e&u e a!acer& &),er) %& e4,er) care ,reu&e &)e a)a&+a,/ ar %& a &-'(r,a)"a %&

)ece*&,a,ea e4&*,e)"e& u)u& 'a) e a!acer& care *# $)care+e ace*,e &)!(r-a"&&.

Pr(!&u $),re'r&)+#,(ruu& e *ucce* e*,e 're+e),a, $) ca'&,(u ,re&/ a:u,)u3)e *# !ace-&!ere)"a $),re )("&u)&e e -a)aer %& &er/ e a*e-e)ea car&!&c) r(u u)u& u) a!acer&*,.

Ce e3a 'a,ruea ca'&,( e 're+&),# '(*&&&,#"&e e $)!&&)"are a a!acer&& %& ee-e),ee $)!u)c"&e e care aee- u) ,&' *au a,u e au,(r&+are a c(-'a)&e&.

A (ua 'ar,e a ucr#r&& e*,e e&ca,# u)u& *,u&u e ca+ a*u'ra u)e& c(-'a)&& )(u$)!&&)"a,e care a ,recu, 'r&),r3u) 'r(ce* a-'u e a)a&+# 'r&) a'&carea u)(r &)*,ru-e),e &6er*e/'e),ru a )e 'u,ea r#*'u)e a $),re#r&e; are 're-&+ee )ece*are 'e),ru a !& ( a!acere e *ucce*&),er're,a,#?/ -a& ae* $) c(),e4,u u)u&caru e&*a,&6 >!e4&&? %& 'er-&*&6.2

O*er6#- u) a&,-(,&6 $) a'r(a'e ,(a,e e!&)&"&&e 're+e),a,e/ re', c()cu+&e/ *e '(a,e *'u)e

c# a- !#cu, ( a!acere a,u)c& c) a- cu-'#ra, *au a- 6)u, ce6a a 're" a6a),a:(*/ a&c# a-

("&)u, u) PROFIT.

1 5,,';e4()&)e.r(e!&)&,&ea!acere 2P('e*cu D./ C5&6u Iu&a @1. Ma)ae-e),ua!acer&(r/ Bucure*,&/ 'a. 131


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Ter-e)u a)(3a-er&ca) e u*&)e** *e '(a,e ,rauce $) &-a r(-)# %& 'r&)

$),re'r&)erea c(-erc&a# 'r&6a,#. 7) ace*, *e)* a!acerea )u -a& $)*ea-)# ,ra)+ac"&e c(-erc&a#

c& ( u)&,a,e ec()(-&c#/ a!a,# &) 'r('r&e,a,e 'r&6a,# @&)&6&ua# *au c(ec,&6# care 'r(uce

a)u-&,e u)ur& *au 're*,ea+# *er6&c&& 'e '&a"a &er#.

1.2.Etape i caracteristici

C()!(r- ce(r -a& cu)(*cu,e ,e(r&& e -a)ae-e), *e acce',# e4&*,e)"a a e,a'e ae

c()*,&,u&r&& u)e& a!acer& %& a)u-e @F&ura 1;

1.Pr(*'ec,area -a)a&+a -e&uu& c(-'e,&"&()a/ $) 6eerea e'&*,#r&& u)e&

'(*&&e a!acer& %&/ &-'&c&,/ a e6e),ua&(r 'ar,e)er& *& a u)u& c&e), @*au a u)(r c&e)"& %& a

)e6(&(r ace*,u&a @ace*,(ra.

2.S,u&u -c()*u,area c&e),uu& %&*au a e)e!&c&aruu& 'e),ru 're#,&rea u)e& (!er,e c()!(r-e cu

*(&c&,#r&e *ae9 c()*u,area 'ar,e)er&(r 'e),ru a 're#,& 6&&,(aree c(a(r#r&.

G.Ne(c&erea -*,a&&rea &-&,e(r a!acer&&/ a re',ur&(r *& (&a"&&(r 'rec&*e ae 'ar,e)er&(r %&

c&e)"&(r/ 'e a+e rec&'r(c a6a),a:(a*e9 $)c5e&erea c(),rac,e(r.

8.Rea&+area - !(r-uarea c(-e)+&& e c#,re c&e), %& a)a:area/ e c#,re e4ecu,a),/ a ,u,ur(r

-&:(ace(r u-a)e/ -a,er&ae %& !&)a)c&are 'e),ru ("&)erea re+u,a,e(r c()6e)&,e.

.F&)a&+area 3 rece'"&a ucr#r&&/ *(u"&()area u)(r e6e),uae e!&c&e)"e *au &,&&&9 're#,&rea u)e&

)(& a!acer& @$),re aceea%& 'ar,e)er&.G

3P('e*cu/ D. @1. C()ucerea a!acer&(r/Bucure%,&/ E&,ura Scr&',a


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Figura 1 Descrierea etapelor constituirii unei afaceri

rospectarea !tudiul "egocierea #eali$area Finali$area

H e,ec,area u)(r c()*u,area c(a(rarea H ("&)erea Ha)a&+a -(uu&)(& ('(r,u)&,#"& c&e),uu&/ 'er-a)e),# cu ac(ruu& $) care *3a

e a!acer& &e),&!&carea c&e),u/ 'e a+a e!&)&,&6 a erua, a!acereaH &e),&!&carea )e6(&(r ace*,u&a u)e& $)"eeer& c&e),uu& 'e),ru $) ,(a,e e,a'eec()cure)"e& c()*u,area 'u)erea e &),rarea *ae *,a&&rea ec5&'e& *& a ac(r $) e#,ur# c(-e)+&& $) H *'ec&!&carea

c(),ac,e(r cu !ur)&+(r&(r cu e6e),uaee e4ecu"&e a*'ec,e(r'(,e)"&a&& reac,area reucer& e 're" a)a&+a *& !a6(ra&e *& a'ar,e)er& (!er,e&/ aa',a,# *au ,ar&!e c(),r(u ce(r -a& 'u"&)H e!&)&rea )e6(&(r reae &*cu,area c(*,ur&(r !a6(ra&e

(&ec,&6e(r *& ae c&e),uu& &-'&ca"&&(r 'e c((r()area H -e)"&)ereaea(rarea ea(rarea care ace*,e e!&c&e),# a u)e(r rea"&&

'a)ur&(r e 'a)uu& e reucer& e3ar re*ur*e& u-a)e 'ar,e)er&aeac"&u)e a!acer& 'u,ea a6ea ur-#r&reaH e,a'&+area a*u'ra a-e(r ca&,#"&&

ac,&6&,#"&(r '#r"& 'r(ce*uu&

Carac,er&*,&c&e 'r&)c&'ae ae u)e& a!acer& *u), 're+e),a,e ce -a& &)e $) ucrarea

C()ucerea a!acer&(r %& re're+&),# ucrur&e e*e)"&ae 'e care ( a!acere ,reu&e *# e rea&+e+e

'e),ru a 'u)e a+ee 'e),ru *ucce*;

1. a!acerea e*,e/ e cee -a& -u,e (r&/ u) 'r(u* )(u care/ )ee4&*,) $) -(-e),u

c(),rac,#r&& *& a cu-'#r#r&& *ae e c#,re c()*u-a,(r/ 're*u'u)e ( *er&e e r&*cur& 'e),ru

a-ee '#r"& &-'&ca,e @6)+#,(r *& c&e),9

2. a!acerea are ca 'u)c, e 'ecare *& *e a+ea+# 'e )e6(&e *& *(&c&,#r&e c&e),uu& *& *e

ra'(r,ea+# a )ece*&,#"&e *'ec&!&ce e4'r&-a,e e ace*,a/ ceea ce ( !ace !(ar,e reu

re'r(uc,&

3. 6)+area u)e& a!acer& *e rea&+ea+#/ e reu#/ e c#,re ( 'er*(a)# :ur&&c#9

4. a!acerea a),re)ea+# $) ac,u ec&+&()a -a& -u"& 'ar,&c&'a)"&/ cu re*'()*a&&,#"& %&

(&a"&& *'ec&!&ce9

5. *e eruea+#/ $) -a:(r&,a,ea ca+ur&(r/ 'e ,er-e) -e&u *& u)/ !&&) e4'u*# !ac,(r&(r e

-e&u 'er,ura,(r&9


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6. &-'&c# a*u-area a)u-&,(r r&*cur& e c#,re ,("& ce& a),re)a"& $) e*!#%urarea *a9

7. $),re'r&)+#,(r&& $%& e4erc&,# &),ere*ee *& !u)c"&&e ce e re6&) $) *&*,e-u ec()(-&c/ cu

uarea $) c()*&erare a ra'(r,ur&(r c(),rac,uae/ c()cure)"&ae/ e c(a(rare *& e

$)creere *,a&&,e cu 'ar,e)er&&.8

1.%.Determinarea valorii unei afaceri

Nu e4&*,# ( -e,(# u)&6er*a# 'e),ru e,er-&)area 6a(r&& u)u& ,&' e a!acere. Cr&,er&&e

e a'rec&ere a &-e)*&u)&(r a!acer&(r e*,e &!er&, $) !u)c"&e e *ec,(ru ec()(-&c %& e a ( "ar#

a a,a. Cee -a& a'rec&a,e cr&,er&& e a'rec&ere *u), ;

1 !(r-a :ur&&c#

2 6a(area ac,&6e(r

3 c&!ra e a!acer&4 )u-#ru e 'er*()a

L&,era,ura e *'ec&a&,a,e -e)"&()ea+# 10 e -e,(e e e6auare/ $)*# (ar c,e6a *e

're,ea+# a -&c&e a!acer& %& (ar c,e6a *u), aa',a&e a ec()(-&a r(-)ea*c#/ &ar -e&u

ec()(-&c/ !&)a)c&ar/ -()e,ar ac,ua &-'u)e re*,r&c"&& *er&(a*e/ ceea ce !ac )eaec6a,e a)u-&,e

'r(ceee e cacu @Me,(e a+a,e 'e 6a(area 'a,r&-()&a#/ Me,(e a+a,e 'e ca'ac&,a,ea e

'r(!&, 6&&,(r/ Me,(a c&!re& e a!acer&/ Me,(a 6a(r&& e '&a"#.

Pr&),re ace*,e re*,r&c"&& *e )u-#r#; ra,a ()+&&/ ra,a r&&ca,# a &)!a"&e&/ 'recar&,a,ea&)6e*,&"&&(r/ &'*a '&e"e& !&)a)c&are >c((r()a,e?.

E6auarea e*,e )ece*ar# e(arece $),re'r&)er&e )u !u)c"&()ea+# au,ar5&c/ c& $)

e'e)e)"# cu 'ar,e)er&& e 'e '&a"#/ 'ar,e)er& &),ere*a"& e >('era"&&e? care au (c $) !&r-# %& $)

care *u), &-'&ca"&. Ace*,e ('era"&& care *e re!er# a; $)!&&)"are/ !u)c"&()are/ e+6(,are/ !u+&()are/

6)+are %& &c5&are.

7) !u)c"&e e *c('u ur-#r&, e4&*,# -a& -u,e ,&'ur& e

e6auare; a E6auarea c(),a

%P('e*cu/ D. @1. C()ucerea a!acer&(r/Bucure%,&/ E&,ura Scr&',a


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E u)u &),re 'r(ceeee -e,(e& c(),a&e/ 'r(ceeu c(-u) ,u,ur(r %,&&)"e(r ec()(-&ce.

C(),a&&,a,ea re!ec,#/ $) e6&e)"a c(),a )u-a& ace *c('/ e6e)&-e),e/ !a',e/ re*ur*e care '(,

!& -#*ura,e/ '(, !& e4'r&-a,e $) !(r-# #)ea*c#/ '(, !& e6aua,e.

C()*,# $) e4'r&-area $) !(r-# #)ea*c# a ee-e),e(r 'a,r&-()&ae/ e,er-&)areaca),&,#"&& !((*&) 're"ur&/ ,ar&!e/ reu& c(),a&e

Se !ace $) -a& -u,e -(-e),e *'ec&!&ce ae 6&e"&& !&r-e&;

1- &),rarea u)ur&(r $) 'a,r&-()&u

2- &e%&rea u)ur&(r &) 'a,r&-()&u

3- &)6e),ar&erea

4- $)c5&erea e4erc&"&uu& !&)a)c&ar3c(),a&

2) E6auarea a-&)&*,ra,&6#

E*,e e!ec,ua,# e (ra)&*-ee ce),ra a-&)&*,ra,&6e ae 'u,er&& e *,a,/ &),ere*a,e e

a)u-&,e a*'ec,e ae 6&e"&& $),re'r&)er&& cu &-'&ca"&& $) '(&,&ca ec()(-&c# %& !&*ca#/ cuar !&&

-#r&-ea -a*e& &-'(+a&e %& -#r&-ea ac,&6e(r !&4e.

c E6auarea ec()(-&c#

Re're+&),# ('era"&u)ea 'r&) care *e *,a&e*c 6a(r&e e '&a"# @6a(are ec()(-&c# a u)u&

u)/ ac,&6&,a,e/ a!acer&.

5P('e*cu D./ C5&6u Iu&a @1.Ma)ae-e),u a!acer&(r/ Bucure*,&


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Capitolul II Factori de succes ai unei afaceri

2.1. Cei 11 factori esen&iali

>Fac,(r&& e*e)"&a& a& *ucce*uu& $) a!acer& *u), ca %& !u)c"&&e 6&,ae ae c(r'uu&/ cuar !&

r&,-u car&ac/ r&,-u re*'&ra,(r/ 're*&u)ea ar,er&a#/ ac,&6&,a,ea cerera# e,c. Fu)c"&&e 6&,ae

&)&c# %& -#*(ar# *,area e)era# a *#)#,#"&& %& 6&,a&,a,ea u)e& 'er*(a)e. A*e)"a u)e&a &),re ee/

c5&ar %& 'e),ru c,e6a -(-e),e/ '(a,e uce a $-()#6&rea (r& c5&ar ece*u 'er*(a)e&

re*'ec,&6e. Ma:(r&,a,ea ace*,(r !ac,(r& *u), 'er!ec, 6aa&& $) ca+u ,u,ur(r c(-'a)&&(r.?

Ce& -a& e* $),)&"& !ac,(r& a& *ucce*uu& $) a!acer& *u), c()ucerea/ 'r(u*u %& ca&,a,ea

ace*,u&a/ 6)+#r&e/ -arJe,&)u/ 'r(ce*u e !ar&ca"&e/ (ca"&a 'u)c,uu& e ucru/ a-e)a:area

'u)c,uu& e 6)+are. Pe )# ace%,& !ac,(r& care 'r&) )a,ura (r '(, &)!ue)"a $) -( &rec,

ac,&6&,a,ea %& cur*u ace*,e&a $) caru *(c&e,#"&&/ -a& e4&*,# ( ru'# e !ac,(r& a c#r(r &)!ue)"# *e

re*&-,e $) -( &)&rec, 'e &!er&,e ca)ae *au 'r&) &!er&,e 'r5&&. Ace%,&a *u), -e&u

e-(ra!&c/ *(c&(3cu,ura/ ec()(-&c %& ce '(&,&c(3e&*a,&6 $) care *(c&e,a,ea $%& e*!#%(ar#

ac,&6&,a,ea.

F&ecare a!acere *e carac,er&+ea+# 'r&),r3u) *&*,e- e 6ar&a&e c(),r(a&e care e,er-&)#*ucce*u *au &)*ucce*u ace*,e&a. Pr&) &e),&!&carea ace*,(r 6ar&a&e %& !((*&rea (r $) -(

c(re*'u)+#,(r/ ( -&c# a!acere $%& '(a,e crea u) a6a),a: c(-'e,&,&6 !a"# e c()cure)"#.

1. A&&,#"&e 'er*()ae ae $),re'r&)+#,(ruu& $) (-e)&u $) care a!acerea 6a !u)c"&()a

O 'er*(a)# 6a e'u)e u) e!(r, -u, -a& -are ac# ac,&6ea+# $),r3( a!acere $) care are

a&&,#"& ec, $) u)a $) care )u e"&)e cu)(%,&)"e *& )&c& e'r&)er& 'e),ru (-e)&u re*'ec,&6.

2. E4&*,e)"a '&e"e& 'e),ru 'r(u*u *au *er6&c&uu& (!er&,

N&c& ( a!acere )u e*,e 6&a ac# ceea ce *e 'r(uce )u *e '(a,e 6a(r&!&ca 'e '&a"#. E*,ee(*e&, e &-'(r,a), ca $) ec&+&a re!er&,(are a &eea e a!acer& ce 6a !& 'u*# $) a'&care/

a!acer&*,u *# *e )ea*c# a '(*&&&,#"&e e 6a(r&!&care a u)ur&(r *au *er6&c&&(r 'e care

(re%,e *# e (!ere. Ace*,e a*'ec,e *u), *u&ec, e *,u&u *& a)a&+#/ &ar &)!(r-a"&&e ("&)u,e *eTracK/B @200G. Cee 100 e e& a*(u,e ae *ucce*uu&&) a!acer&/ E&,ura A-a,ea / Bucure%,& / 'a. 11


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're+&),# $),r3( 'ar,e &*,&)c,# a 'a)uu& e a!acer&/ aceea $) care *e a)a&+ea+# '&a"a 'r(u*uu&

*au a *er6&c&uu& $) ca+u $) care *e u,&&+ea+# u) a*,!e e &)*,ru-e), 'e),ru e6auarea u)e& &e&

e a!acer&. Se *,u&a+# e4&*,e)"a u)(r )e6(&/ 6&&,(r&& c&e)"&/ 6a(area crea,# e 'r(u**er6&c&u/

c&cu e 6&a"# a 'r(u*uu&/ *,ruc,ura %& -#r&-ea '&e"e&/ ra,a cre%,er&& '&e"e&. Pe),ru u)ee'r(u*e/ care )u e4&*,# $)c# $) "ar#/ '&a"a ,reu&e crea,#.

G. M#r&-ea '&e"e&

Cu c, e*,e -a& -are '&a"a u)u& 'r(u*/ cu a,, e*,e -a& &)e 'e),ru $),re'r&)+#,(r. Dar (

'&a"# -are a,rae c()cure)"& 'u,er)&c&/ &ar &)6e*,&"&&e u,er&(are )ece*are c(),racar#r&&

c()cure)"&(r ar 'u,ea !& -ar&.

8. A6a),a:u c(-'e,&,&6

A6a),a:u c(-'e,&,&6 'e care $ '(a,e a6ea a!acerea @ca&,a,ea 'r(u*e(r/ *,ruc,urac(*,ur&(r/ rau e c(),r( a*u'ra 're"ur&(r/ c(*,ur&(r/ ca)ae(r e a'r(6&+&()are/ ar&ere e

&),rare e*,e !(ar,e &-'(r,a),. F&r-a ,reu&e *# !&e ca'a *# (!ere 'r(u*e *u'er&(are

c()cure)"&(r.

. C()cure)"a %& 'r(,ec"&a !a"# e c()cure)"&

Su), 'er*(a)e care rec(-a)# &),rarea 'e '&a"# $),r3u) (-e)&u $) care c()cure)"a )u

e*,e 'u,er)&c#. C) c()cure)"&& *u), -u"& %& 'u,er)&c&/ 'r&) '(+&"&a e"&)u,# 'e '&a"# %& 'u,erea

!&)a)c&ar#/ e*,e reu e re+&*,a, 'e ( '&a"#. 7),re'r&)+#,(ru ,reu&e *# a $) 6eere -(u $)

care *e 6a 'u,ea 'r(,e:a !a"# e c()cure)"&/ care #*e*c re'ee -&:(acee e a >!ura? &eea.

E4&*,# '(*&&&,a,ea e a $)re&*,ra re',ur&e a*u'ra u)e& &)6e)"&&/ -#rc&.

. Ca'&,au &*'()&&

Ca'&,au &*'()&& re're+&),# u) -are (*,ac( $) aeerea u)e& a)u-&,e &e& e a!acer&.

7) ace*, *e)* e*,e )ece*ar ca *# *e e*,&-e+e c, -a& rea&*, re*ur*ee )ece*are 'e),ru !&ecare &ee

'(,e)"&a# e a!acere. 7) ur-a c(-'ar#r&& ace*,u& )ece*ar cu re*ur*ee &*'()&&e *e '(a,e ec&e

care &) &e&e e a!acer& '(, !& 'u*e $) 'rac,&c# cu %a)*e reae e *ucce* *& care )u. E*,&-area

re*ur*e(r &*'()&&e ,reu&e *# "&)# *ea-a a,, e u)ur&e $) )a,ur# care '(, 'ar,&c&'a a a!acerec, *& e &*'()&&&,#"&e 'r('r&& ae ace*,e&a *au care '(, !& a,ra*e $) a!acere.

. I)6e*,&"&a )ece*ar#

Ie&e e a!acer& '(, !& -a& -u, *au -a& 'u"&) c(*,&*&,(are. Cee c(*,&*&,(are '(, crea

'r(e-e ac# $),re'r&)+#,(ru '(,e)"&a )u are *u!&c&e), ca'&,a e '(r)&re. E*,e )ece*ar *# *e


13/40

!ac# ( c(-'ara"&e $),re e!ec,e *& e!(r,ur&. 7) &,era,ura ec()(-&c# #*&- -u,e a!acer& -&c& e

*ucce*/ care au e-ara, cu a)& 'u"&)&/ e a *u,e e eur( ')# a c,e6a -&& e eur(/ a:u)) a

c&!re e a!acer& &-'re*&()a),e.

. Dura,a e e4&*,e)"# a ('(r,u)&,#"&&E*,e )ece*ar# e6auarea 'er&(ae& e ,&-' $) care a!acerea e*,e 'r(!&,a. E4&*,# u)

&),er6a e ,&-' $) care ( &)6e*,&"&e are u) '(,e)"&a -a4&- e *ucce*. Pe),ru $),re'r&)+#,(r e*,e

&-'(r,a), *# *,&e care e*,e -(-e),u (',&- e $)ce'ere a u)e& a!acer&/ c) e*,e -(-e),u (',&-

'e),ru e4'(a,area ('(r,u)&,#"&& ae*e.

. Ca'ac&,a,ea e a e)era 'r(!&, *& e a a6ea '(,e)"&a e cre%,ere

7) ur-a u)(r cacue !#cu,e *e '(a,e e*,&-a/ e-'&r&c/ re+u,a,u ec()(-&c/ care '(a,e !&

!a6(ra& @'r(!&, *au )e!a6(ra& @'&erere *& ra,a 'r(!&,uu&. Dac# &eea e a!acer& e*,e e6aua,#

cu a:u,(ru 'a)uu& e a!acer&/ $) *ec"&u)ea &)!(r-a"&& !&)a)c&are/ *u), 're6&+&()a,e r&ur(*

re+u,a,ee !&)a)c&are. Cu c, e)erea+# -a& -u, 'r(!&, cu a,, &eea e a!acer& e*,e -a&

a,r##,(are. Nu ,(a,e a!acer&e au acea%& '(,e)"&a e cre%,ere. T("& $),re'r&)+#,(r&& $%& (re*c ca

a!acerea (r *# crea*c# re'ee. U)ee a!acer& a:u) re'ee a 'u)c,u e ec5&&ru @'rau e

re),a&&,a,e a,ee $) c"&6a a)&.

10. Or&&)a&,a,ea &e&&

Cu c, e*,e -a& (r&&)a# &eea cu a,, cre*c %a)*ee e *ucce*/ ce 'u"&) 'e),ru ( a)u-&,#

'er&(a# e ,&-'. Ieea (r&&)a# '(a,e !& *& r&*ca),#/ acea*,a )e!&&) 'r(a,#. S# )u u&,#- c#

a'r(a'e ,(a,e a!acer&e e *ucce* *u), c('&a,e e c()cure)"&.

11. rau e r&*c &-'&ca,

Ace*,a e*,e c(rea, cu -#r&-ea &)6e*,&"&e&/ cu c, e*,e -a& -are *u-a care ,reu&e

&)6e*,&,#/ cu a,, e*,e -a& -are *& r&*cu. E4&*,# -a& -u,e ca,e(r&& e r&*cur& a care ,reu&e *# *e

)ea*c# a!acer&*,u/ cuar !& ce !&)a)c&ar/ c(-erc&a/ *(c&a/ )a,ura/ *.a.

7C()!. u)&6. D&a)a Saa @200. Su'(r, e cur* %&a'&ca"&& %c(aa a),re're)(r&a# &) caru 'r(&ec,uu&A),re're)(r&a,u %& ea&,a,ea e %a)*e. U) -(e &),er3re&()a e %c(a# a),re're)(r&a# 'e),ru !e-e&/ Oraea/

'a.G


14/40

2.2. 'ediul de afaceri

Me&u e a!acer& e*,e -e&u $) care $),re'r&)+#,(ru %& 6&&,(area *a !&r-# $%& 6(r

e*!#%ura ac,&6&,a,ea %& 6(r !& *u'u%& &)!ue)"e(r ace*,u&a. 7),re'r&)+#,(ru care (re%,e *# cree+e

( a!acere $),r3u) a)u-&, (-e)&u *au $),r3( a)u-&,# +()#/ cau,# *# $)"eea# $) 'r&-u r)

-e&u e a!acer& (ca/ *& a'(& ce )a"&()a. Me&u (ca e*,e !(r-a, &) ae)"& ec()(-&c&

@&6er%& ca -#r&-e/ &-e)*&u)e/ -( e (ra)&+are/ 'u,ere !&)a)c&ar#/ 'er*(a)e !&+&ce

au,(r&+a,e/ &)*,&,u"&& ae *,a,uu&/ (*'(#r&& ae '('ua"&e&/ (cu&,(r& cu ( a)u-&,# cu,ur# %&

rea"&&e *,a&&,e $),re ace%,&a.

Me&u e a!acer& ,reu&e $)"ee* a,, $)a&),e c, %& u'# $)ce'erea u)e& a!acer&. Nu *e

'(a,e ucra e!&c&e), *& e!&cace $),r3u) -e&u 'e care )u3 $)"eee-. 7)a&),e e a $)!&&)"a ( a!acere/

-e&u e*,e ( *ur*# e ('(r,u)&,#"& ar %& e c()*,r)er&. 7) -e&u/ a u) -(-e), a,/ e4&*,#('(r,u)&,#"& care a%,ea',# *# !&e e*c('er&,e *& 6a(r&!&ca,e. De ce u)&& (a-e)& e e*c('er# *& a"&&

)u< Pe),ru c# (a-e)&& &!er# $) !u)c"&e e; carac,er&*,&c&e '*&5((&ce/ )&6eu e crea,&6&,a,e/

cu)(%,&)"ee 'e care e e"&)/ )&6eu e euca"&e/ '(*&&&,#"&e e &)!(r-are/ a&&,#"&e (r $)

a(rarea 'r(e-e(r %& $) #*&rea *(u"&&(r/ *,ra,e&&e 'e care e u,&&+ea+#.

Pr&),re -(,&6ee 'e),ru care -e&u e a!acer& ,reu&e &)e cu)(*cu, %& $)"ee* %& u'#

$)!&&)"area !&r-e& *e )u-#r#; 1

a*&urarea !u)c"&()#r&& e!&c&e),e a !&r-e&/ $) c()&"&&e $) care c()cure)"a e6&)e,(, -a& acer#9

2*,u&erea *& $)"eeerea '&e"e& 'r(u*e(r *au *er6&c&&(r re're+&),# ( c()&"&e

!u)a-e),a# a *a,&*!acer&& e c#,re !&r-# a cer&)"e(r c()*u-a,(r&(r93

'r&) a),&c&'area e6(u"&e& !ac,(r&(r e4&*,e)"& $) -e&u e4,er) *e a*&ur#ea(rarea u)(r *,ra,e&& rea&*,e/ cu ( *( !u)a-e),are %,&&)"&!&c# %& r&*cur& *c#+u,e9

4 e*,e )ece*ar# cu)(a%,erea '(,e)"&auu& e4&*,e), e re*ur*e care 'r(6&) &) -e&ue4,er) %& 6a(r&!&carea ace*,(ra a -(-e),u ('(r,u)95 a'ar -ereu ('(r,u)&,#"& e a!acer& &6er*e/ care ,reu&e e4'(a,a,e a -(-e),u'(,r&6&,.

0C()!. u)&6. D&a)a Saa @200. Su'(r, e cur* %&a'&ca"&& %c(aa a),re're)(r&a# &) caru 'r(&ec,uu&A),re're)(r&a,u %& ea&,a,ea e %a)*e. U) -(e &),er3

re&()a e %c(a# a),re're)(r&a# 'e),ru !e-e&/ Oraea/'a.G


15/40

7) -e&u e4&*,# &6er%& !ac,(r&/ e )a,ur# &!er&,#/ care '(, &)!ue)"a ec&+&a u)u& 'er*(a)e e

a $)!&&)"a *au )u ( a!acere ar %& -(u $) care acea*,# a!acere !u)c"&()ea+#. A*,!e/ $),)&-

!ac,(r& ec()(-&c&/ ,e5)&c& *& ,e5)((&c&/ *(c&(3cu,ura&/ e-(ra!&c&/ '(&,&c&/ :ur&&c&/

&),er)a"&()a&.

1. Factorii economici @'&a"a &),er)#/ &*'()&&&,a,ea *& 're"u re*ur*e(r/ %(-a:u/ 'r5&&e

ec()(-&c(3!&)a)c&are/ *,a&&,a,ea -acr(ec()(-&c#/ acce*u a &)6e*,&"&&/ cre&,e *.a. *u), ce&

-a& )u-er(%&.

2. Accesul la tehnologia modern/ $)e(*e& cea &)!(r-a"&()a#/ a re+u,a,ee cerce,#r&&

%,&&)"&!&ce/ &)(6a"&&e a'#ru,e/ '(, e)era )e)u-#ra,e ('(r,u)&,#"&.

3. Factori socio-culturali @*,ruc,ura *(c&a# a '('ua"&e&/ *,area e *#)#,a,e a !(r"e& e -u)c#/cu,ura )a"&()a#/ cu,ura ec()(-&c# a '('ua"&e&/ 6a(r&e -(rae/ )&6eu e 're#,&re a !(r"e& e

-u)c#/ a,&,u&)ea '('ua"&e& !a"# e c(-'a)&e/ *,a&&,a,ea *(c&a# '(, a6ea ( &)!ue)"# 'u,er)&c#

a*u'ra e+6(,#r&& u)e& !&r-e.

4. Politicile formulate de guverne $) &6er*e (-e)&&/ *,a&&,a,ea'(&,&c#/ )&6eu c(ru'"&e& '(,

e)era ('(r,u)&,#"& 'e),ru a)u-&,e a!acer&. E4&*,e)"a a 'u,ere a u)u& u6er) care $)cura:ea+#

&era &)&"&a,&6# e*,e &)e6e)&,# $) (r&ce "ar#.

5. Calitatea reglementrilor legislative/ *,a&&,a,ea e&*a,&6#/ )&6eu *c#+u, a&r(cra"&e&/

'r(ceur&e ra'&e e $)!&&)"are *& e*!&&)"are a !&r-e&/ '(, !& u) *,&-ue), 'e),ru &)&"&erea u)e&

a!acer&. Cu a,e cu6&),e/ caru e&*a,&6 e4&*,e),/ '(a,e *,&-ua!r)a e+6(,area u)e& a!acer&

-&c&.

6. Factori naturali @ca&,a,ea re*ur*e(r )a,urae 're+e)"& &) au)e)"# $),r3( +()# e)erea+#

('(r,u)&,#"& 'e),ru ,ur&*-/ ar&cu,ur#.

7. Factorii internaionali @*&,ua"&a '(&,&c# &),er)a"&()a#/ ree-e),#r& &),er)a"&()ae/c()&"&&e

*(c&a3ec()(-&ce &),r3( "ar# -a& ae* ce& !a6(ra&&/ e)erea+# ('(r,u)&,#"& 'e),ru ce& cere *e

)e*c *# &)&"&e+e ( a!acere $),r3( "ar# *,r#&)#.C()!. u)&6. D&a)a Saa @200. Su'(r, e cur* %&a'&ca"&& %c(aa a),re're)(r&a# &) caru 'r(&ec,uu&A),re're)(r&a,u %& ea&,a,ea e %a)*e. U) -(e &),er3re&()a e %c(a# a),re're)(r&a# 'e),ru !e-e&/ Oraea/

'a. 81382


16/40

7) a *a Car,ea a!acer&(r?/ Cr&*,&a) Ae4a)re*cu !ace rec(-a)#r& @cu carac,er e

'r&)c&'&& $),re'r&)+#,(r&(r $) a!acer& 'r&) care ace%,&a $%& '(, a*&ura *ucce*u;

10

1 S# $)cea'# ( a!acere $) (-e)&u $) care *e 'r&ce' -a& &)e.

2S# (',e+e 'e),ru (-e)&u $) care *e 'r&ce' -a& &)e.

3S# *cur,e+e @'e c, '(*&& c&cu &)6e*,&"&e3'r(!&,/ *# c%,&e ,&-' 'r&) *,a&&rea

'r&(r&,#"&(r/ (ra)&+are e!&c&e),#/ ec&+&& ra'&e/ e6&e)"e c(-'e,e.'re"uu&/ &6er*&,#"&& *(r,&-e),ae.

5S# e6&,e ru,&)a cu (r&ce 're"/ *# auc# ee-e),e e )(u,a,e/ e *c5&-are.

(S# &),u&a*c# -#*ura $),re 'rue)"# %& r&*c.

7S# rue+e 'er-a)e), ca'&,au !&)a)c&ar.

8 S# !&e $) c(),ac, 'er-a)e), cu '&a"a/ *# *&-,# 'u*u a!acer&&?/ *# ur-#rea*c#reac"&&e cu-'#r#,(r&(r.1

S# *e '(+&"&()e+e $) ce),ru a!acer&&/ *# &*cear)# $),re *(u"&& %& *# ec.

S# e4cu# *e),&-e),a&*-u &) rea"&&e &),eru-a)e/ *# a'&ce cr&,er&& (&ec,&6ee a)a:are %& 'r(-(6are a 'er*()auu&.

10 S#3%& 'r('u)# ca 'r&(r&,a,e e+6(,area a!acer&&/ e+6(,area !&&) %a)*a*u'ra6&e"u&r&& a!acer&&.

10Cr&*,&a) Ae4a)re*cu @12. Car,ea a!acer&(r Cu- *a !ac& u) -&&()/ Bucure%,&/ E&,ura E6ere*,


17/40

2.3. lanul de afaceri

U) ee-e), &-'(r,a), e care e'&)e *ucce*u u)u& a!acer& %& a care )u a- !#cu,

re!er&)"# ')# acu- $) caru ucr#r&& e*,e 'a)u e a!acer&.

Pa)u e a!acer& e*,e u) &)*,ru-e), e 'a)&!&care ce are r(u e a (!er& ( -a& -are 6&+&&&,a,e a*u'ra eur&(r *& e6(u&e& u)e& a)u-&,e a!acer& c#re&a $&e*,e e&ca,. De%& 'r&-ee 'a)ur& e a!acer& au a'#ru, cu -u, $)a&),e e a'ar& &a c(-'u,eruu& & a ,e5)((&e& &)!(r-a,&ce/ r(u & &-'(r,a)a u)u& 'a) &)e !#cu,/ ar#-a* aceea& ')# $) +&ee )(a*,re. A*,a e(arece 'r&)c&'&&e e a+# ae a)&(r & ae a!acer&(r e *ucce* r#-) -ereu )e*c5&-a,e.

Ae6#ra,a 6a(are a cre#r&& u)u& 'a) e a!acer& e*,e c# )ece*&,# u) 'r(ce* e cerce,are %& )&ree*'re ,&'u e a!acere 'e care 6re& *#3 !ac&/ ,(,u ecur) $),r3u) -( *&*,e-a,&c. 7) ,&-' ce *cr&& u) 'a) ea!acer&/ 6e& *,u&a/ 6e& cerce,a/ ,e 6e& )& e -a& -u,e (r& $)a&),e *a3& r#*'u)+& a $),re#r&/ 6e& a)a&+a (r&ce&ee & c, e u)# e*,e ea 'e),ru ,&)e. Nece*&,# ,&-' acu-/ ar e!ec,ee 6&&,(are *u), c, *e '(a,e e'r(!&,a&e. L&'*a u)u& 'a) e a!acer& '(a,e c(*,a ra6 $) 6&&,(r *& '(a,e uce c5&ar a !a&-e),u a!acer&&.11

Ee-e),ee care ,reu&e cu'r&)*e $) 'a)u e a!acer& *u), ur-#,(aree;

1. O e*cr&ere e)era# a a!acer&&2. Pr(u*e & *er6&c&&

3. Pa) e -arJe,&)

4. Pa) ('era&()a5. Ma)ae-e),& (ra)&+are6. Decara&e e 6e)&,ur& 'er*()ae

7. C(*,ur& 'e),ru $)ce'u,u a!acer&&

8. Pa)u !&)a)c&ar

O a!acere ,reu&e &)e 're#,&,#/ &) ,&-'/ e4ac, ca a,u)c& c) $"& c()*,ru&e%,& ( ca*#.

Treu&e ca $)a&),e e a ,e a'uca e c()*,ruc"&a e!ec,&6# *# 'u& 'e 5r,&e *u !(r-a u)u& 'r(&ec,

c()ce'"&a %& cacuee ,ae. Ace*, 'r(&ec, e*,e 'a)u e a!acer&. Dac# (r&"& ( ca*# u)#/

!ru-(a*#/ 6a ,reu& *# a6e"& u) 'r(&ec, u). T(, a%a/ ac# (r&"& ( a!acere u)# @'r(!&,a 3 6a

,reu& *# a6e"& u) 'a) e a!acer& &)e c()ce'u,.

11 5,,';r(.&J&'e&a.(r&J&Pa)QeQa!acer&
http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_de_afacerihttp://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_de_afaceri


18/40

Capitolul III rofilul (ntreprin$)torului de succes

%.1.#esponsa*ilit)&ile i func&iile omului de afaceri

C()!(r- ,e(r&&(r u& Pe,er DrucJer $) ceea ce 'r&6e%,e *&*,e-u a),re're)(r&a/ *ea'rec&a+# c# u) (- e a!acer& '(a,e $)e'&)& (u# !u)c"&& 'r&)c&'ae; &)&)er? c(-erc&a *au

c()uc#,(r? a a!acer&&. 12

Acce'"&u)ea ,er-e)&(r e*,e ur-#,(area ;1&)&)er? c(-erc&a &)6e),ea+# *(u"&& @-a& ae* $) (-e)&u c(-erc&a9

&) a,&)e*cu &)e)&u-? care $)*ea-)# ,ae),/ &),e&e)"#/ a',&,u&)& 'e),rue*c('er&re/ &)6e),are.

2 c()uc#,(r? a a!acer&& (ra)&+ea+#/ ec&e/ c()uce %& e6auea+# 'a*cu 'a* $),reaa a!acere *au (ar ( 'ar,e a ace*,e&a.

Re*'()*a&&,#"&e 'r&)c&'ae ae (-uu& e a!acer& '(, !& e!&)&,e a*,!e ;

1 c()ce'erea/ &)&"&erea/ (ra)&+area %& c()ucerea ac"&u)&(r e*e)"&ae 'e),ru

eruarea a 'ara-e,r&& ceru"& a a!acer&&9

2 )e(c&erea ,u,ur(r a*'ec,e(r a!acer&& cu 'ar,e)er&& %& c&e)"&&9

3 cu)(a%,erea ,e-e&)&c# a -e&uu& c()cure)"&a a !&r-e& %& e e6auare c,

-a& c(rec,# a r&*cur&(r a*(c&a,e a!acer&&9

4 a*u-area r#*'u)er&& 'e),ru r(u -a)aer&a $)cre&)"a,9

5 crearea ,u,ur(r c()&"&&(r )ece*are a*,!e $)c, a,, 'ar,e)er&& c, %& c&e)"&&

*# a ,(a,e -(,&6ee 'e),ru a reua a!acerea.

E*,e &-'(r,a), e 'rec&+a, c# $) caru !&ec#re& e,a'e a u)e& a!acer& a'ar re*'()*a&&,#"&

*ecu)are/ reca-a,e %& e (-e)&u c()cre, @-e&u ec()(-&c %& *(c&a $) care *e eruea+#

a!acerea %& e )&6eu -a)aer&a/ re*'ec,&6 c()ucerea *,ra,e&c#/ ,ac,&c#/ ('era,&6#.

12DrucJer/ P.F. @1G. I)(6a"&a %& *&*,e-u a),re're)(r&a/ Bucure%,&/ E&,ura E)c&c('e&c#


19/40

%.2.'anager sau lider+

U)u &),re 'r&-&& *'ec&a&%,& care *3au (cu'a, e 'r(e-a -a)ae-e),uu& a !(*, He)r&

FaK(. E*e)"a c(),r&u"&e& *ae e*,e e!&)&rea -a)ae-e),uu& ca u) $),re care cu'r&)e

ee-e),e/ re're+e),) !u)c"&&e -a)ae-e),uu&. Cee c&)c& !u)c"&& *u),;

1. revi$iune -Fu)c"&a e 're6&+&u)e c()*,# &) a)*a-u 'r(ce*e(r e -u)c# 'r&) &),er-e&u

c#r(ra *e e,er-&)# 'r&)c&'aee (&ec,&6e ae (ra)&+a"&e& %& ae c(-'()e),e(r *ae/ 'recu- %&

re*ur*ee %& 'r&)c&'aee -&:(ace )ece*are rea&+#r&& (r. Pre6&+&u)ea r#*'u)e a $),rearea Ce

'(a,e *& ce ,reu&e rea&+a, $) caru (ra)&+a"&e&


20/40

%.%.#olul i (nsuirile unui *un afacerist

Se c()*&er#/ 'e u)# re',a,e a% *'u)e eu/ c# a',&,u&)&e %& ca&,#"&e u)u& c()uc#,(r

'r&ce'u, *e $)6a"# %& *e cu,&6# 'r&) e4'er&e)"# %& 'er*e6ere)"#.

Ce& -a& -u"& -a)aer& e *ucce* au -u)c&, &) reu ca *# $%& e+6(,e ')# a

'er!ec"&u)e $)*u%&r&e e &er. De%& ca&,#"&e e &er *u), &-'(r,a),e 'e),ru ,("& -a)aer&&/

r(ur&e/ r#*'u)er&e %& a',&,u&)&e -a)aer&(r !&r-e(r *e e(*ee*c e cee ae %e!&(r e

e'ar,a-e),. F&r-ee e *ucce* !ac ( &*,&)c"&e car# $),re ee/ c()ucerea u)e& !&r-e ,reu&) *#

aaue rea-e),e 6a(are/ &ar %e!&& e e'ar,a-e), *# a !e4&&&,a,ea %& -(,&6a"&a e a crea %&

e a -e)"&)e u) *&*,e- e a!acer& *u'er&(r ceu& a c()cure)"e&.

Pe ,e-a carac,er&*,&c&(r u)u& u) -a)aer/ a u)u& &er e *ucce* 'u,e- 6(r& +&e $) %&r/

cu -&& e 'er*(a)e/ (*er6) $) cee &) ur-# c# '#rer&e 6(r !& e cee -a& -u,e (r& *u&ec,&6e/

-(u $) care ,ra,#- ace*, *u&ec, !&&); >cu- a% (r& *# !&e -a)aeru -eucu- a% 6rea *# *e

c(-'(r,e cu -&)e?. Ma)aeru &ea )u e4&*,# $) rea&,a,e. E4&*,a $)*# u) *e, e a&&,#"& %&

$)c&)a"&& 'r&) care u) -a)aer '(a,e !& e6aua, $) ,er-e)& e e!&c&e)"# a,, $) rea"&a cu

*u(r()a"&&/ c, %& cu 'ar,e)er&& e a!acer&. Daca u) -a)aer e*,e e!&c&e), &) ,(a,e ace*,e &rec"&&/

e &),r# $) ca,e(r&a &er&(r rea&. De aceea $) c(),&)uare 6(- a)a&+a c,e6a '#rer& &)e

(cu-e),a,e %& a+a,e %& 'e e4'er&e)"# a*u'ra a ceea ce $)*ea-)# u) u) -a)aer3&er.

He)rK M&),+er c()*&er# c# -a)aeru are 10 r(ur& 'r&)c&'ae ru'a,e $) G ca,e(r&&;

1. r(ur& e c(),ac, $) care *e -a)&!e*,# ca &er @re're+&),# !&r-a %& u)e%,e a)a:a"&& $) :uru u)(r

(&ec,&6e 'r&(r&,are9

2. r(ur& e &)!(r-are care 'r&6e*c cueerea 'er-a)e),# a &)!(r-a"&&(r a*u'ra $),re&& ac,&6&,#"&9

3. r(ur& e ec&+&e care re're+&),# e !a', -a)aeru 5(,#r#%,e %& ac"&()ea+#?.

Er&c**() 'r('u)e u) -(e -a)aer&a cu ur-#,(aree c(-'()e),e ;

1. ca'ac&,a,e &),eec,ua#; *u'e"ea -&)"&& %& 6&6ac&,a,e &),eec,ua#9

2. re*'ec,u e *&)e; cu)(a%,erea 'r('r&e& 'er*()a&,#"&/ $)creerea $) *&)e/ ec5&&ru/ !e4&&&,a,e/

c(a(rare9


21/40

G. e*c5&ere *'re ce&a"&; &),ere* %& re*'ec, 'e),ru 'ar,e)er&/ ac(rarea e $)creere ace*,(ra/

ucru $) ec5&'#9

8. 'er*'ec,&6#; ca'ac&,a,ea e a *,#')& a!acerea $) $),reu *#u %& 'u,erea e c()ce),rare a*u'ra

e*e)"&auu&9. (&ec,&6e %& re+u,a,e; &)&"&a,&6ee care c()uc a rea&+area (r.

Le,&,&a Bar&e *u&)&a+# 'r&)c&'aee ca&,#"& ae -a)aeruu& ca !&&); r#area/

-(e*,&a/ u)u u*,/ 5#r)&c&a/ !er-&,a,ea/ &*cre"&a/ *,#')&rea e *&)e/ 'u)c,ua&,a,ea/ *'&r&,u e

*acr&!&c&u/ e4e-'u 'er*()a/ re*'ec,u cu6),uu& a,/ 're(cu'area 'e),ru 'r(e-ee

*ua,er)&(r/ au,(c(),r(u/ ar,a c()6er*a"&e&.

e(re Bu,u)(&u c()*&er# c# e4&*,# u) *e, e 'u)c,e ,ar&/ care '(, !& !((*&,e $),r3(

$)cercare e e'&*,are a u)u& -a)aer e ,(' u)&6er*a; (&ca %& c(ere)"a/ *&-"u *e-)&!&ca"&&(r/

&*,r&u,&6&,a,ea %& ca'ac&,a,ea e reac"&e ra'.

M&c5ae MacC(K a *,u&a, $)*u%&r&e a 20 e -a)aer& 'e a+a u)u& c5e*,&()ar a'&ca,

a )&6eu ,ru*,ur&(r IBM %& Hee,, PacJar/ %& a *&),e,&+a, 8 ,&'ur& e -a)aer;

1. Me%,e%uaru 'u)e 're" 'e ca&,a,ea 'r(u*e(r %& re+(6area 'r(e-e(r9

2. Lu',#,(ru e :u)# are ca (&ec,&6 ("&)erea 'u,er&& %& (-&)a"&a ce(ra"&/ e*,e (&a %& cere

(&a&,a,e9

3. O-u e c(-'a)&e 're"u&e%,e ar-()&a/ u)ee rea"&& %& *'&r&,u e c(-u)&,a,e/ e*,e u)

-e&a,(r *& &),era,(r a -u)c&&9

4. uc#,(ru a-e)&)"# *u're-a"&a u',#,(ruu& e :u)# %& a (-uu& e c(-'a)&e/ %& *e

carac,er&+ea+# 'r&) &)6e),&6&,a,e/ !e4&&&,a,e/ ra(*,e e )(u9

5. Rea&+a,(r&& e *&)e au re', *c(' e6(u"&a 'r(!e*&()a# c(),&)u#9 ace%,&a cau,# '(*,ur& care *#

e *'(rea*c# c(-'e,e)"a 'r(!e*&()a# %& &)&"&a+# ac,&6&,#"& ec()(-&ce $) a!ara !&r-e(r $) careucrea+#.

are) Be))&*/ $) ca&,a,ea *a e rec,(r a U)&6er*&,#"&& C&)c&))a,& a &)6e*,&a, 'e*,e 0 e

'er*()a&,#"& a-er&ca)e %& a e*c('er&, ur-#,(aree a',&,u&)& -a)aer&ae ;


22/40

15 ca'ac&,a,ea e a e4erc&,a ( a,rac"&e9 ca'ac&,a,ea e a c(-u)&ca9 ca'ac&,a,ea e a

&)*'&ra $)creere9 ca'ac&,a,ea e a *e au,(a-&)&*,ra9 ca'ac&,a,ea e a3& cu)(a%,e

'e ce&a"& %& e a !((*& ace*, ucru 'e),ru a3& -(&&+a.

Ca ( c()cu+&e 6(& 're+e),a *c5e-a 'r(!&uu& '*&5('r(!e*&()a a u)u& -a)aer @Taeu

1/ a+a,# 'e )&6eu e 're#,&re/ e4'er&e)"a/ a',&,u&)& %& ca&,#"& ar %& a,e ee-e),e a*(u,

)ece*are/ cu- e*,e *,area *#)#,#"&&.

4r. CERINTE ABSOLUT NECESARE DE DORITcrt. NECESARE

0 1 2 3 4

9. Pregatire

1. Profesional$ 2. 6tiina managementului

3. Cunotine economice %. Cunotine 8uridice 5. Cunotine de administraie

(. Cunotine de psi9ologie

35. Experiena

1. :n pro+lul unit$ii conduse 2. De conducere

61. Caliti p!i"#l#gi$e

1. ;nteligena general 2. un$ 5

a*elul 1 - !cema profilului psioprofesional al unui manager


23/40

Capitolul I/ 'odalit)&i de (nfiin&are a unei afaceri via*ile

E4&*,# -a& -u,e -(a&,#"& 'e),ru $)!&&)"area u)e& a!acer&;

1) a)*area u)e& a!acer&/ 'r&) 'u)erea $) 'rac,&c# a u)e& &e& 'r('r&&92)'reuarea u)e& a!acer& e4&*,e),e %& e+6(,area e&9

3) !ra)c&+a9

4) ('"&u)ea 'e),ru ('(r,u)&,#"& e a!acer& $) 'arae cu a!acerea 'r&)c&'a#9

5)'rac,&carea u)(r a!acer&/ 'e )# 'r(!e*&a e a+#.

Re!er&)u3*e a ace*,e -(a&,#"&/ Da) D. V(&cue*cu *u&)&a+# &-'(r,a)"a ee-e),uu&

-(,&6a"&()a a ec&+&e& u)u& (- e a *e a)*a $) a!acer&. Nu-a& ( -(,&6a"&e *u'er&(ar# $ '(a,e

e,er-&)a *#3%& a*u-e 'e),ru *&)e %& !a-&&a *a r&*cu care *ec()ea+# &) u-r# (r&ce a!acere.1G

0ntre*)rile esen&iale care se pun (n momentul lans)rii unei afaceri sunt1

1. A6e"& *ur*e reae 'e),ru 'r(curarea ca'&,auu& )ece*arA"D#E!C;, Cristian Cartea afacerilor Cum s) faci un milion, EdituraEverest, 9ucureti, 1??2

2. D#;@E#, eter F. Inova&ia i sistemul antreprenorial, Editura Enciclopedic),9ucureti, 1??%

3. '3D/EA";, '. D9#E!C;, Emilian Btiin&a afacerilor

4. /ICI;, D. CI/;, Iulia 'anagementul afacerilor, 9ucureti, 1??

5. /ICI;, D. Conducerea afacerilor, Editura !cripta, 9ucureti

6. #AC, 9rian Cele 1 de legi a*solute ale succesului (n afaceri, EdituraAmaltea, 9ucureti, 2%

7. /IC;3E!C;, Dan D. raGiologia afacerilor (n societatea umanist), EdituraIntact, 9ucureti

8. HHH - este pentru a intra (n afaceri, :asington D.C. !mall 9usinessAdministration

9. HHH - !uport de curs i aplica&ii coala antreprenorial) din cadrul proiectuluiAntreprenoriatul i egalitatea de anse. ;n model inter-regional de coal)

antreprenorial) pentru femei, 2?10. .deGonline.ro

11. .iJipedia.org

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