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FU�DAŢIA ROMÂ�IA DE MÂI�E U�IVERSITATEA “SPIRU HARET” BUCUREŞTI

FACULTATEA DE DREPT ŞI ADMI�ISTRAŢIE PUBLICĂ CRAIOVA “ROMÂ�IA DE MÂI�E” FOU�DATIO�

“SPIRU HARET” U�IVERSITY OF BUCHAREST THE FACULTY OF RIGHTS A�D PUBLIC ADMI�ISTRATIO� OF

CRAIOVA

EURO DREPTUL

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FU�DAŢIA ROMÂ�IA DE MÂI�E U�IVERSITATEA “SPIRU HARET” BUCUREŞTI

FACULTATEA DE DREPT ŞI ADMI�ISTRAŢIE PUBLICĂ CRAIOVA “ROMÂ�IA DE MÂI�E” FOU�DATIO�

“SPIRU HARET” U�IVERSITY OF BUCHAREST THE FACULTY OF RIGHTS A�D PUBLIC ADMI�ISTRATIO� OF

CRAIOVA

EURO DREPTUL

REVISTĂ DE STUDII ŞI CERCETĂRI JURIDICE NR. 4(12) /2008

Octombrie- Decembrie JURIDIC STUDIES AND RESEARCH MAGAZINE

NR. 4(12) /2008 October- December

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FO�DATORI: Prof. univ. dr. GHEORGHE BICĂ

Prof. univ. dr. �ICU VI�TILĂ

COLEGIUL DE O�OARE: • Acad. Prof. univ. dr. ŞTEFAN ŞTEFĂNESCU Academia Română • Acad. Prof. univ. dr. ION DOGARU Academia Româna • Prof. univ. dr. emerit Dr. honoris causa multiplu

ALBERT SCHAMBECK Facultatea de Drept Universitzatea Johanes Kepler, Linz – Austria Preşedinte de Onoare al Parlamentului Austriei • Prof. univ. dr. HERIBERT FRANZ KOEK Decan – Facultatea de Drept Universitatea Johanes Kepler, Linz – Austria • Prof. univ. dr. HERVÉ COUTAU – BÉGARIE Director de studii la Écolé Practique des Hautes

Etudes Sorbonne, Paris Directorul cursului de strategie la Collège

Interamées de Défense, Ecole Militaire, Paris Director al revistei Strategique şi preşedinte al

Institutului de Strategie Comparată Paris • Prof. Univ. Dr. XENOFON ULIANOVSCHI Universitatea Liberă Independentă Moldova Chişinău - Republica Moldova • Conf. Univ. Dr. MIHAELA ALBU Redactor Şef Revista “Gracious Light” Romanian Institute of Orthodox Theology and Spirituality - New York COLECTIVUL DE REDACTARE: Lect. univ. drd. SORIN STĂNCIULESCU Lect. univ. dr. CAMELIA FIRICĂ Asist. univ. MIHAELA POPESCU Lect. univ. drd. ADRIANA BELU Lect. univ. drd. CRISTIANA BANU Asist. univ. PAUL ROTARU Lect. univ. drd. MARIANA CIOCOIU Asist. univ. drd. NELA DRĂGUŢ Asist. univ. GABRIEL NICU Asist. univ. drd. DENISA LOREDANA BICĂ Asist. Univ. drd. ROBERT PAUL PUICĂ

COLEGIUL ŞTII�ŢIFIC: • DIRECTOR Prof. univ. dr. GHEORGHE BICĂ • REDACTOR ŞEF Prof. univ. dr. NICU VINTILĂ • REDACTOR ŞEF ADJUNCT Prof. univ. dr. CEZAR AVRAM Universitatea din Craiova Director - Institutul de Cercetări Socio - Umane “C.S. Nicolaescu Plopşor” Craiova sub egida Academiei Române • SECRETAR DE REDACŢIE Lect.univ. dr. GHEORGHE COSTACHE Lect. univ. drd. MARIA SOFIA PAGARIN • MEMBRII Prof. univ. dr. MIHAI SIMION Lect. univ. dr. COSTEL DRĂGUŢ Preşedinte Curtea de Apel Craiova Lect. univ. drd. ELISABETA DRĂGUŢ Procuror General - Parchetul de pe lângă Curtea de Apel Craiova Lect. univ. drd. CEZAR TITA Prodecan - Facultatea de Drept “Spiru Haret” Rm.-Vâlcea Conf. univ. dr. RADU STANCU Decan – Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie

publică din Braşov Universitatea „Spiru Hareret“ Bucureşti REFERE�ŢI Prof. Univ. Dr. GHEORGHE UGLEAN Prof. Univ. Dr. MARIN VOICU Prof. Univ. Dr. MARIANA RUDĂREANU Conf. Univ. Dr. DĂNUŢ CORNOIU EDITORI: Fundaţia “România de Mâine” Universitatea “Spiru Haret” Bucureşti Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova str. Brazda lui Novac, nr. 4 – cod 200690 Tel.: 0251 423 395; 0351 801 010 Fax: 0251 423 395 E-mail: ushdcr@spiruharet.ro

ISSN 1842-080X

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CUVÂ�T CĂTRE CITITORI Societatea românească, străbate în aceste momente o perioadă de

transformări, ce accelerează începutul drumului către o lume nouă – o lume deschisă comunicării, bazată pe dezvoltarea relaţiilor interumane, o lume a integrării.

Urmărind cursul realităţilor socio-economice, sistemul legislativ se află în plină reformare context în care se impune aderarea legislaţiei naţionale la legislaţia comunitară care să reflecte noile relaţii comerciale, de muncă, fiscale şi administrative.

Se impun înnoiri în domeniul civil dar şi penal precum şi în cel referitor la organizarea judecătorească şi a procedurilor de soluţionare a litigiilor de către instanţele de judecată.

Activitatea din sfera dreptului devine tot mai complexă, iar juriştii de azi sunt primii chemaţi să pună în aplicare noile reglementări şi să contribuie la interpretarea şi înţelegerea fenomenului juridic.

În acest scop, profesioniştii dreptului trebuie să deţină un instrument de comunicare şi reformare accesibil şi exigent.

Acesta a fost unul din motivele pentru care Colectivul de cadre didactice a Facultăţii de Drept şi Administraţie Publică din Craiova aparţinătoare de Universitatea „Spiru Haret” Bucureşti a pus în circuitul juridic românesc revista EURO DREPTUL care să ofere răspunsuri la întrebările ce apar în procesul de interpretare şi aplicare a legii.

Legea, doctrina şi jurisprudenţa reprezintă cele trei mari izvoare ale dreptului.

Ultimele schimbări intervenite în legislaţie, opiniile celor mai reputaţi specialişti în materie, precum şi cele mai importante soluţii din practica judecătorească curentă vă vor sta la dispoziţie prin intermediul revistei noastre.

Vă invităm să fiţi alături de noi în aşa fel ca revista să fie mai mult decât un simplu act editorial şi dorim ca ea să contribuie la rezolvarea marilor probleme ale dreptului românesc şi la cultivarea spiritului juridic naţional.

Redacţia

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SPALAREA BA�ILOR – DE LA I�FRACŢIU�E LA AFACERE

Prof.univ.dr. Bică Gheorghe Prorector Universitatea „Spiru Haret”

Asist.univ.drd. Bică Denisa Loredana Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova

Universitatea „Spiru Haret”

Criminalitatea organizată produce bani. Nu pentru infractorii de la colţ de stradă, nu pentru amatori, care sunt doar victime ale celor în slujba cărora acţionează. Cei pentru care criminalitatea produce bani sunt profesioniştii, sunt cei care fac din comiterea de infracţiuni adevărate afaceri prin crearea unor structuri care iau forma unor corporaţii sau conglomerate multinaţionale cu organizare ierarhică, formate din specialişti din toate domeniile: contabili, informaticieni, consilieri financiari etc.

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CO�STITUŢIO�ALISMUL EUROPEA�: PREZE�T ŞI VIITOR

Prof. univ. dr. habilitat în drept: Andrei Smochină, Institutul de Istorie, Stat şi Drept al

Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei

In the present communication, our intention and the objectives are to

draw the framework and to reflect on the future of the European constitutionalism within the rejected Treaty establishing a Constitution for European and the new Reform Treaty. If should be emphasized that the adoption of Constitutional Treaty and its successor the Lisbon Treaty represents a great process in the institutional development of the European Union. Its economic, political and legal feasibility has been proven over its more than 50 years existence, consolidating a unique political entity of no semblance in the world. It represents an interesting and inexhaustible phenomenon for study and research.

LOIALITATE ŞI COMPETE�ŢĂ POLITICĂ

Î� PROCESUL I�TEGRĂRII ROMÂ�IEI Î� U.E.

Prof.univ.dr. Cezar Avram

Universitatea din Craiova Director al Institutului de Cercetări Socio Umane

C.S. 5icolăescu Plopşor Lect.univ.dr. Roxana Radu

Universitatea din Craiova

Rezumat În circumstanţele create de căderea regimului communist, viziunea

României asupra integrării europene a suportat schimbări radicale. Începând cu acceptarea acestui process ca o realitate istorică şi ca o cooperare economică bi şi multilaterală cu statele occidentale şi cu Uniunea Europeană în întregul ei, România a trebuit să admită integrarea europeană în actaualele şi viitoarele forme şi structuri europene, şi, ceea ce este cel mai important, să solicite aderarea economică şi militară. Acest fapt relevă o netă schimbare a concepţiei politice şi a comportamentului clasei politice care merge de la

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dimensiunea cooperării până la completa integrare în structurile pan-Europene politice, economice, monetare şi militare.

Cuvinte-cheie: aderare, cooperare, integrare, structuri politice, suveranitate.

CRITERIUL I�FRACŢIU�ILOR ECO�OMICE

Conf.univ.dr. Mioara-Ketty Guiu

Academia de Poliţie „A.I.Cuza” Bucureşti Sumar: Astăzi, autonomia infracţiunilor economice este pusă la îndoială.

Dificultatea de a explica semnificaţia termenului „economie” a condus la conceperea infracţiunilor economice ca infracţiuni proprii, cu subiect activ calificat şi, totodată, la nesocotirea regulii potrivit căreia sistematizarea infracţiunilor se face în raport cu o „valoare socială comună”.

Prin lucrarea de faţă, autoarele încearcă să desprindă o explicaţie a acestei stări de lucruri şi să deschidă, pe cât posibil, noi perspective de abordare a problematicii infracţiunilor economice, de natură să permită depăşirea controverselor.

SESIZAREA ŞI MODUL DE LUCRU AL

CURŢII EUROPE�E A DREPTURILOR OMULUI

(Partea I) Lect.univ.dr.Costache Gheorghe

Universitatea „Spiru Haret” Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova

Dezastrul după cel de al doilea război mondial au rămas în memoria omenirii unul din cele mai negre moment ale istoriei omenirii. În aceste condiţii omenirea a decis prin liderii lor că trebuie luate toate măsurile pentru a evita repetarea unui astfel de eveniment.

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În acest sens în Europa se constituie Consiliul Europei primul organism interstatal cu menirea declarată de a apăra drepturile omului. De ce sa apere drepturile omului? Pentru ca dacă toate statele lumii ar respecta drepturile omului, atunci cu siguranţă nu ar mai exista conflicte între state. Cuvinte cheie: drepturile omului, Consiliul Europei, Curte Europeană a Drepturilor Omului

ADMI�ISTRAŢIA PUBLICĂ LOCALĂ Î� ROMÂ�IA

Asist.univ.Adriana Sandu

Universitatea “SPIRU HARET” Bucuresti Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova

Prin acest material se vrea a se pune in evidenţă modul de organizare

al administraţiei publice la nivel local sub aspectul principiilor care guvernează acest aspect: autonomia locală, descentralizarea serviciilor publice de interes local, alegerea autorităţilor administraţiei publice locale, consultarea cetăţenilor în problemele locale de interes deosebit. Astfel, unităţile administraţiei publice prin care se realizează autonomia locală sunt : consiliile locale, ca autorităţi deliberative şi primarii , ca autorităţi executive.

De asemenea în fiecare judeţ se alege un consiliu judeţean, care coordonează activitatea consiliilor locale în vederea realizării serviciilor publice de interes judeţean. In acest articol încerc sa conturez principalele organisme ale administraţiei publice , cu o descriere a principalelor lor activităţi şi modul în care acestea înţeleg să-şi coordoneze activitatea.

Cuvinte cheie: primarul, viceprimarul , ofiţer de stare civilă, autoritate

tutelară, prefectul

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CO�TESTAREA SA�CŢIU�ILOR DISCIPLI�ARE Î� LEGISLAŢIA DREPTULUI MU�CII

Avocat: Oana Mihuţoiu Baroul Olt

In domeniul legislaţiei muncii, problema soluţionării contestaţiilor

sancţiunilor disciplinare cunoaşte ample discuţii având în vedere atât lacunele legii, cât şi practica neunitară.În prezenta lucrare opinăm că instanţa competentă cu soluţionarea unei contestaţii împotriva sancţionării disciplinare poate: să confirme măsura sancţionării dacă se dovedeste a fi temeinică şi legală , să anuleze sanctiunea in cazul in care constata că este nejustificată ori să înlocuiască sancţiunea cu o alta mai uşoară dacă se constată că este prea severă.

Cuvinte cheie: sanctiune disciplinara,-contract de munca,-organ de jurisdictie a muncii,-legislatia muncii

DISPOZIŢII ACTUALE PRIVI�D REPREZE�TAREA LEGALĂ A

SOCIETĂŢILOR COMERCIALE PE ACŢIU�I

Asist.univ.drd. Papa Andreea-Diana Asist.univ.drd. Ilinca Alexandra-Elena

Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică-Craiova

Universitatea Spiru Haret-Bucureşti

Provisions of the Regulation of the Council of Europe no. 2157/2001 regarding the Statute of the European Joint Stock Company, through modifications brought by law no. 441/2006 and O.U.G. no. 82/2007 L.S.C. (to the law of commercial societies nr. 31/1990), regulates the possibility the shareholders of joint stock societies choose between two distinct systems of administration of the society: unitary system and dualist system.

Cuvinte cheie: societate comercială, societate comercială pe acţiuni,

administrator, consiliu de administraţie.

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REPREZE�TAREA LEGALĂ A SOCIETĂŢILOR COOPERATIVE

Asist.univ.drd. Papa Andreea-Diana

Asist.univ.drd. Ilinca Alexandra-Elena Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică-Craiova

Universitatea Spiru Haret-Bucureşti

Cooperation society represents an autonomous association of physical or juridical persons, realized based on their freely expressed consent, with the purpose of promoting economic, social and cultural interests of the cooperation members. The cooperative society is possessed in common and controlled in democratic manner by cooperation according to principles realized by Law 1/2005 regarding the organization and functioning of the cooperation. Cuvinte cheie: asociaţie, personă fizică, persoană juridică, societate cooperativă.

REGLEME�TAREA CO�TRACTELOR

ADMI�ISTRATIVE � ROM�IA

Partea I

Lect. univ. drd. Banu Cristiana Ecaterina Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică – Craiova

Universitatea „Spiru Haret” – Bucureşti

This article herein is trying to highlight the main features of the administrative contracts, by starting from a short presentation of the origins and evolution of the administrative contract theory, within the Romanian legal doctrine and practice and ending with a brief analysis of the main administrative contracts known in the Romanian legislation. Cuvinte cheie: contract administrativ, concesiune, achiziţie publică, închiriere, lucrări publice, concesiune de lucrări, contract de asociere în participaţiune, contract de comodat, contract de parteneriat public-privat , contract de grant.

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DEZI�TERESUL MA�AGERILOR FAŢĂ DE MOTIVAŢIA Î� MU�CĂ

Lector univ. drd. Adriana Elena BELU, Universitatea „SPIRU HARET” Bucureşti,

Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova

The managers of the sanitary organizations do not prove managerial incompetence also under the aspect of knowing and offering those stimulents appropriate to the organizational context, known under the generic name of "motivation in work". A manager must know, among other things, the possibility of using the two essential categories of stimulents:

1. giving the rights guaranteed by law or by collective and individual labour contracts to all the employees, without discriminations (for instance: the wages, benefits, individual food dole, etc, as a sign of the seriousness and competence of the one leading the respective organization);

2. giving certain stimulents specific to the activity domain differentially, depending on each employee's performance (premiums, promotings, etc.) The first category of stimulents is, without doubt, prior and it expresses by excellence the essential condition of satisfaction in work. Cuvinte cheie: motivaţie, motivaţie în muncă, nevoi, resurse umane

CO�SIDERAŢII PRIVI�D PRI�CIPIILE Î� MATERIA RĂSPU�DERII CIVILE

� DREPTUL MEDIULUI

Lector univ. drd. Alexandrina Marica Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova

Universitatea « Spiru Haret » Judecător Curtea de Apel Craiova

Auditor de justiţie Andreea Marica Institutul 5aţional al Magistraturii

The liability for environmental prejudice represents more a way of

reparation of the damages that a classic responsibility due to the fact that its essence, the subjective attitude of the author is suppressed from the conditions to engage liability.

Prejudiciu ecologic. Răspundere solidară. Principii. Directivă transpusă în dreptul intern.

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LIBERTATEA DE GÂ�DIRE, DE CO�ŞTII�ŢĂ ŞI DE RELIGIE Î�

CO�TEXT EUROPEA�

Lector univ. drd. Ingrid �icolau Asist. univ.drd. Raluca Lupu

Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Constanţa Universitatea „Spiru Haret”

Aruncând o privire de ansamblu asupra jurisprudenţei Curţii, se desprinde o idee fundamentală : în cadrul Convenţiei democraţia este un precept fundamental necesar şi indiscutabil al dezbaterii asupra libertăţii religioase. În cazurile sale Curtea a amintit adesea că democraţia este unicul model politic acceptat de Convenţie şi singurul care este compatibil cu ea. Democraţia este un tot. Ea este atât facultatea de a acţiona cât şi facultatea de a împiedica. În sistemele democratice, este interzis religiei să subjuge societatea sau statul, la fel cum este interzis statului să subjuge religia. Cuvinte cheie: religie, laicitate, democraţie, Convenţia europeană a drepturilor omului

PRI�CIPALELE ROLURI MA�AGERIALE – PERSOA�E ŞI FU�CTII IMPLICATE Î� ACTIVITATEA ORGA�IZATIEI

�O�-PROFIT

Lector univ. Drd. Roxana Drumea Asist. Univ. Drd. M. Cristina Boroiu

Universitatea „Spiru Haret” Facultatea de Drept Constanta

Deşi termenii de sector nonprofit, sector voluntar sau al treilea sector sunt, poate, cel mai des folositi pentru a descrie organizatii care nu sunt de stat sau care nu sunt orientate înspre activităti economice aducătoare de profit, există şi alti termeni des folositi. De exemplu, termenul de organizatii non- guvernamentale (sau neguvernamentale) adică O5G. Deşi există multe asemănări, rolul persoanelor cu responsabilităti diferă de la o organizatie la alta şi, adeseori, chiar în cadrul aceleiaşi organizatii.

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Dar modul în care îşi îndeplinesc aceste responsabilităti şi altele suplimentare depinde de tipul de activitate pe care o desfăşoară Consiliul de administratie/ Consiliul Director, de persoanele implicate şi de calitatea acestora de a fi retribuiti sau nu. Cuvinte cheie : management strategic, organizatie non profit, adunarea generala, consiliul de conducere comisia de cenzori, sectorul nonprofit

PRI�CIPIILE DREPTULUI COMU�ITAR AL MEDIULUI.

PRI�CIPIUL “POLUATORUL PLĂTEŞTE”

Asist.univ.drd.av. Alexandra Elena Ilinca Asist.univ.drd. Denisa Loredana Bică

Facultatea de Drept si Administratie Publica Craiova Universitatea Spiru Haret

Abstract: Din dorinţa de a asigura continuitatea biosferei şi a componentelor sale s-au elaborat o serie de principii de drept al mediului, devenite în prezent comune la nivelul dreptului naţional, regional şi internaţional. Principiul „poluatorul plăteşte” reflectă conceptul că persoanele ce se fac răapunzătoare de poluare trebuie să fie ţinute să suporte costurile reducerii, prevenirii si eliminării efectelor poluării. Principiul a fost dezvoltat ca o metodă de punere în sarcină a costurilor controlului poluării evitând totodata distorsionarea comerţului internaţional sau acordarea unor avantaje competiţionale inechitabile. Începând cu Actul Unic European Tratatul Comunităţii Europene traversează un proces de ‚înverziere’. Cuvinte cheie: mediu, comunitar, principiu, poluare, cost

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A�ALIZA U�OR CAUZE DE TULBURARE A FOLOSI�ŢEI LOCATARULUI DI� PERSPECTIVA REGLEME�TĂRII

�AŢIO�ALE ŞI A U�OR STATE EUROPE�E

Asist. univ. drd. Robert-Paul Titulescu Asist. univ. Manuel Cristian Firică

Universitatea „Spiru Haret”, Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică, Craiova

Din conţinutul textelor consacrate de lege obligaţiei de garanţie a

locatorului rezultă o abordare tridimensională şi anume: garanţia pentru tulburările provenite din fapta proprie, garanţia pentru tulburările de drept provenind de la terţi şi garanţia pentru viciile ascunse ale lucrului închiriat. În acest cadru ne interesează primele două aspecte enunţate, care alcătuiesc de fapt conţinutul obligaţiei de garanţie pentru evicţiune ce-i incumbă locatorului.

Cuvinte cheie: Locaţiune, locator, locatar, folosinţă, chirie, evicţiune,

garanţie.

DOBÂ�DIREA FRUCTELOR PRI� POSESIA DE BU�Ă-CREDI�TĂ

Asist. Univ. Drd. Vladut Oana Gabriela Asist. Univ. Drd. Stiolica Mirela Loredana

Facultatea de Drept si Administratie Publica, Craiova Universitatea „Spiru Haret”

Ideea care se poate desprinde din analiza aplicabilităţii bunei-credinţe

in materia drepturilor reale este ca mai intai, bună-credinţă funcţionează ca o prezumţie relativă ori ca o prezumţie simplă, pe de altă parte, drepturile subiective civile aparţinand unui subiect de drept civil de bună-credinţă sunt mai puternic protejate decît drepturile unui subiect de drept civil de rea-credinţă.

Cuvinte cheie: Buna-credinta, dreptul de proprietate, dobandirea

fructelor.

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O �OUĂ PROCEDURĂ PE�TRU COMBATEREA Î�TÂRZIERII EXECUTĂRII OBLIGAŢIILOR DE

PLATĂ REZULTATE DI� CO�TRACTE COMERCIALE Conf.univ.dr. Grădinaru �icolae

Universitatea „Constantin Brâncoveanu” Piteşti Prin OUG nr.119/20071 se instituie o nouă procedură de

judecată în regim de urgenţă a unor litigii comerciale, care transpune în dreptul român Directiva 2000/35/CE a Parlamentului European şi a Consiliului privind combaterea întârzierii plăţilor în tranzacţiile comerciale2.

Această procedură simplificată se aplică creanţelor certe, lichide şi exigibile ce reprezintă obligaţii de plată a unor sume de bani care rezultă din contracte comerciale.

EVOLUŢIA CO�CEPTULUI DE DREPT �ATURAL PÂ�Ă Î� SECOLUL XVIII.

ŞCOALA DREPTULUI �ATURAL

Lect. univ. dr. Cezar Tită Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Rm.-Vâlcea

Universitatea „Spiru Haret” 5atural law known a period less appropriate, being bring in attention

by the writings of the church fathers. The Christian writings contribute to the increase of the natural law

importance in society, getting to the situation in which we can’t formulate any theory about the society without appealing to it.

In the sixteen or seventeen centuries, which were aquatinted with numerous movements by which the individual searched to win its independence, theoreticians rediscover the natural law, as source of individual rights which are the base of positive law.

5umerous authors of that period appealed to the idea of natural law for perfection of their work, in that period ground international public law and the law protection of the Human rights.

1 OUG nr.119/2007 privind măsurile pentru combaterea întârzierii executării obligaţiilor de plată rezultate din contracte comerciale, publicată în M.Of.nr.738/31.10.2007. 2 Directiva 2000/35/CE privind combaterea întârzierii plăţilor în tranzacţiile comerciale, publicată în Jurnalul Oficial al Comunităţilor Europene nr. L 200 din 8 august 2000.

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In that period established the relations between natural law- given by the positive law – created, also appearing the embryo of the theory of the social contract, developed in the eighteen century.

ASPECTE TEORETICE PRIVI�D I�STITUŢIA LIBERĂRII CO�DIŢIO�ATE

I� FRA�ŢA ŞI ROMÂ�IA

Asist. univ. Rotaru Paul-Adrian Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică - Craiova

Universitatea „Spiru Haret” Abstract

To apply the institution of release on parole to the Romanian legislation and to the legislation of other states as well, represents a stimulating factor for the convents state of mind, irrespective of the conditions the person released on parole should comply with in order to benefit from his release this process also favours the conditions to apply some human provisions to those who broke the law-some of which for the first time - and it is a serious reason for a proper behaviour in compliance with law during the conviction period.

Key words: release on parole, legislation, convents, behaviour.

APARIŢIA ŞI EVOLUŢIA CO�STITUŢIEI

Lector univ. drd. Munteanu Ana Maria

Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova Universitatea ”SPIRU HARET” Bucureşti

Constituţia reglementează cele mai importante raporturi sociale esenţiale pentru instaurarea, menţinerea şi exercitarea puterii politice, a puterilor în stat. Pentru acest motiv, constituţia trebuie să se bucure de o poziţie privilegiată în sistemul de drept cu o forţă juridică supremă, întregul sistem de drept trebuind să i subordoneze şi să dezvolte principiile stabilite prin constituţie. Cuvinte cheie: constituţie, dezvoltare, evoluţie

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STRUCTURA ŞI �ATURA JURIDICĂ A ADOPŢIEI

Lector univ. drd. Ciocoiu Mariana

Universitatea „SPIRU HARET” Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică, Craiova

Adopţia este un act juridic complex, doctrina conferindu-i o triplă accepţiune, respectiv: de act juridic, de raport juridic şi de instituţie juridică. Pentru a se încheia adopţia trebuie îndeplinite cele trei categorii de operaţiuni juridice fiecare constituind un element esenţial al adopţiei. Cuvinte cheie: adopţie, act juridic, instituţie juridică

�EEXECUTAREA OBLIGAŢIILOR STABILITE PRI� HOTĂRÂRI JUDECĂTOREŞTI

DEFI�ITIVE ŞI IREVOCABILE3

Asist.Univ.drd.Lionela Madescu Facultatea de Drept şi Administraţie Publică Craiova Universitatea „Spiru Haret ”

Realizarea unui sistem judiciar independent, imparţial , credibil şi eficient reprezintă o condiţie necesară pentru supremaţia legii şi a principiilor statului de drept .Măsurile de consolidare a independenţei sistemului judiciar trebuie să ducă nu numai la afirmarea principiului separaţiei puterilor în stat, dar şi la aplicarea acestuia în practică.4Reforma sistemului judiciar implică restructurarea institutională, reformarea mentalităţilor care stau la baza funcţionării sistemului actual, precum şi eforturi financiare care trebuie asumate.Relizarea procesului de reformă este o prioritare a Guvernului care s-a angajat să furnizeze resursele necesare.Aprobarea Strategiei de reformă a sistemului judiciar 2003-2007 a fost urmată de evoluţii importante în cadrul sistemului judiciar.Strategia de reforma vizează problemele sistemice în

1 E.Oprina,Executarea silită în procesul civil, Universul judiciar, Bucureşti,2007,p.418-426; 1.Strategia de reformă a sistemului judiciar 2005-2007( http:1/www.just.ro/files/reforma sistemului judiciar 3.Hotărârea Guvernului nr. 1052-2003, privind aprobarea Strategiei de reform a sistemului juduciar, publicată în M.Of.649-12.09.2003

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justiţie, aşa cum au fost relevate în mai multe rapoarte de evaluare, inclusiv in Raportul preliminar de evaluare a integrităţii şi rezistenţei la corupţie a sistemului judiciar, realizat de Ministerul Justiţiei spre sfârşitul anului 2004.Prezenta strategie are în vedere remedierea aspectelor negative constatate, prin garantarea independenţei justiţiei, asigurarea calităţii şi eficienţei actului de justiţie, ducând la un sistem modern, capabil să implementeze acquis-ul comunitar şi să se adapteze cerinţelor Uniunii Europene

Cuvinte cheie: sistem judiciar independent, reforma sistemului judiciar, Strategia de reformă, contencios European, echitate ,publicitate, celeritate, Curtea Europeana a drepturilor omului.

CUPRI�S

Cuvânt către cititori ........................................................................................................ 5 Spălarea banilor- de la infracţiune la afacere( Bică Gheorghe) ...................................... 7 Constituţionalismul european: prezent şi viitor( Andrei Smochină)............................. 18 Loialitate şi competenţă politică în procesul integrarii României în UE( Cezar Avram, Roxana Radu) ............................................................................................................... 24 Criteriul infracţiunii economice( Mioara Ketty Guiu).................................................. 36 Sesizarea şi modul de lucru al curţii europene a drepturilor omului( Partea I) ( Costache Gheorghe) ................................................................................................... 44 Administraţia publică locală în România( Adriana Sandu) .......................................... 52 Contestarea sancţiunii disciplinare în legislaţia dreptului muncii( Oana Mihuţoiu)..... 58 Dispoziţii actuale privind reprezentarea legală a societăţii comerciale pe acţiuni ( Papa Andreea Diana, Ilinca Alexandra Elena) ........................................................... 64 Reprezentarea legală a societăţii cooperative( Papa Andreea Diana, Ilinca Alexandra Elena) ............................................................................................................................ 70 Reglementarea contractelor administrative în România( Banu Cristina Ecaterina) ..... 73 Dezinteresul managerilor faţă de motivaţia în muncă( Adrina Elena Belu) ................. 80 Consideraţii privind principiile în materia răspunderii civile în dreptul mediului ( Alexandrina Marica, Andreea Marica) ....................................................................... 87 Libertatea de gândire, de conştiinţă şi de religie în context european( Ingrid Nicolau, Raluca Lup)................................................................................................................... 92 Principalele roluri manageriale – persoane şi funcţiile implicate în activitatea organizaţiilor non profit( Roxana Drumea, M Cristina Boroiu) ................................... 99 Principiile dreptului comunitar al mediului : principiul poluatorul plăteşte( Alexandra Elena Ilinca, Denisa Loredana Bică) .......................................................................... 104 Analiza unor cauze de tulburare a folosinţei locatarului din perspectiva reglementării naţionale şi a unor state europene( Robert Paul Titulescu, Manuel Cristian Firică)... 112

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Dobândirea fructelor prin posesia de bună credinţă( Vlăduţ Oana Gabriela, Stiolica Mirela Loredana) ........................................................................................................ 121 O nouă procedură pt combaterea întârzierii executării obligaţiei de plată rezultată din contractele comerciale( Grădinaru Nicolae) ............................................................... 128 Evoluţia conceptului de drept natural până în secolul al XVIII lea. Şcoala dreptului natural( Cezar Tiţă) ..................................................................................................... 136 Aspecte teoretice privind instituţia liberării condiţionate în Franţa şi România( Rotaru Paul Adrian)................................................................................................................ 143 Apariţia şi evoluţia constituţiei( Munteanu Ana Maria) ............................................. 148 Structura şi natura juridică a adopţiei( Ciocoiu Mariana)........................................... 151 Neexecutarea obligaţiilor stabilite prin hotărâri judecătoreşti definitive şi irevocabile( Lionela Madescu) ....................................................................................................... 156

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“ROMÂNIA DE MÂINE” FOUNDATION “SPIRU HARET” UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST

THE FACULTY OF RIGHTS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF CRAIOVA

EURO LAW

JURIDIC STUDIES AND RESEARCH MAGAZINE NR. 4(12) /2008

October- December

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FOU�DERS: Prof. univ. dr. GHEORGHE BICĂ

Prof. univ. dr. VI�TILĂ �ICU

COLLEGE OF HO�OR: • Acad. Prof. univ. dr. ŞTEFAN ŞTEFĂNESCU Romanian Academy • Acad. Prof. univ. dr. ION DOGARU Romanian Academy • Prof. univ. dr. emerit multiple times Dr. honoris

causa ALBERT SCHAMBECK Faculty of Law Johanes Kepler University, Linz – Austria President of Honor at the Parliament of Austria • Prof. univ. dr. HERIBERT FRANZ KOEK Dean – Faculty of Law Johanes Kepler University, Linz – Austria • Prof. univ. dr. HERVÉ COUTAU – BÉGARIE Director of studies at Écolé Practique des Hautes

Etudes Sorbonne, Paris Director of strategic courses at Collège

Interamées de Défense, Ecole Militaire, Paris Director of the Strategique magazine and

president of The Institute of Compared Strategy of Paris

• Prof. Univ. Dr. XENOFON ULIANOVSCHI The Free Independent University of Moldavia

from Chişinău - Moldavia • Conf. Univ. Dr. MIHAELA ALBU Editor in Chief of the “Gracious Light”

magazine Romanian Institute of Orthodox Theology and Spirituality - New York ELABORATIO� COLLECTIVE: Lect. univ. drd. SORIN STĂNCIULESCU Lect. univ. dr. CAMELIA FIRICĂ Asist. univ. MIHAELA POPESCU Lect. univ. drd. ADRIANA BELU Lect. univ. drd. CRISTIANA BANU Asist. univ. PAUL ROTARU Lect. univ. drd. MARIANA CIOCOIU Asist. univ. drd. NELA DRĂGUŢ Asist. univ. GABRIEL NICU Asist. univ. drd. DENISA LOREDANA BICĂ Asist. Univ. drd. ROBERT PAUL PUICĂ

SCIE�TIFIC COLLEGE: • DIRECTOR Prof. univ. dr. GHEORGHE BICĂ • EDITOR IN CHIEF Prof. univ. dr. VINTILĂ NICU • EDITOR IN CHIEF ASSISTANT Prof. univ. dr. CEZAR AVRAM University of Craiova Director – The Institute of Social-Human Researches “C.S. Nicolaescu Plopşor” from Craiova under the aegis of the Romanian Academy • EDITORIAL SECRETARY Lect.univ. dr. GHEORGHE COSTACHE Lect. univ. drd. MARIA SOFIA PAGARIN • MEMBERS Prof. univ. dr. MIHAI SIMION Lect. univ. dr. COSTEL DRĂGUŢ President at the Appellate Court of Craiova Lect. univ. drd. ELISABETA DRĂGUŢ General Procurator – the Prosecutor’s Office near the Appellate Court of Craiova Lect. univ. drd. CEZAR TITA Pro-Dean - “Spiru Haret” Faculty de Law from Rm.-Vâlcea Conf. univ. dr. RADU STANCU Dean – Faculty de Law and Public

Administration from Braşov „Spiru Hareret“ University of Bucharest

REFERE�TS Prof. Univ. Dr. GHEORGHE UGLEAN Prof. Univ. Dr. MARIN VOICU Prof. Univ. Dr. MARIANA RUDĂREANU Conf. Univ. Dr. DĂNUŢ CORNOIU EDITORS: “România de Mâine” Foundation “Spiru Haret” University of Bucharest The Faculty of Law and Public Administration of Craiova st. Brazda lui Novac, nr. 4 – cod 200690 Tel.: 0251 423 395; Fax: 0251 423 395 E-mail: ushdcr@spiruharet.ro

ISSN 1842-080X

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FOREWORD TO READERS

At the moment, the Romanian society undergoes a series of changes that

accelerate its access to a new world-a world whose main principles are based on communication, on the development of interpersonal relationships, a world of integration.

Following the course of the social-economic realities, at the present, the legislative system is characterized by a reformation that requires its adjustment to the legislation of the European Union in order to reflect the new commercial, work, fiscal and administrative relationships.

At this point, renewals in the civil and criminal fields, as well as in that concerning the judicial organization and the procedures regarding the litigation solving by the courts of law prove to be necessary.

The activities related to the sphere of Law become more and more complex and the jurists are expected to apply the new settlements and to bring their contribution to the interpretation and the understanding of the judicial phenomenon.

In order to achieve this goal, the law experts must resort to an accessible and demanding instrument of communication and reformation.

This was one of the reasons that motivated the teaching staff of the Faculty of Law and Public Administration from Craiova, faculty belonging to the University of Spiru Haret Bucharest, to insert

the review EURO LAW in the Romanian judicial system, a review whose main purpose is to answer questions regarding the interpretation and the enforcement of law.

The law, the doctrine and the jurisprudence represent the main three law sources. The latest legislative changes, the opinions of the most important law experts, as well as the most pertinent solutions given by the current judicial procedures will be offered by our review to those interested in the field of Law. We invite you to join us, so that our review become more than a simple editorial act; thus, we intend to find solutions for the most difficult problems of the Romanian law and to bring our contribution to the flourishing of the national judicial spirit.

The Editorial staff

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MO�EY LAU�DERI�G – FROM CRIME TO BUSSI�ES

Prof.univ.dr. Bică Gheorghe „Spiru Haret”University Pro-recor

Asist.univ.drd. Bică Denisa Loredana University “SPIRU HARET” Bucharest

Faculty of Law and Public Administration Craiova Organized crime pays. 5ot for the street people or for the amateurs

which are just victims of those for whom they work. The ones crime pays for are professionals, those who make a real business of it by creating structures that take the shape of corporations or multinational conglomerates with hierarchical organization, made of specialists from all domains: book-keepers, informatics specialists, financial advisors, lawyers etc. The last years, more and more frequently, famous international personalities have shown their concern about the rough impact that the organized crime generally has upon the democracy by undermining the democratic institutions. The power of coordination, the specialization and the experience are the basis on which the concept of organized crime grows, like the idea of an evil cancer of our times; as incurable as cancer, the organized crime weakens the society’s power, threatening the public safety and even the national security, threatens the government integrity and all the democratic institution, controlling by financial force the unions, the press and politics, shaking the stability of economic life.

POLITICAL LOYALTY A�D COMPETE�CE

I� THE PROCESS OF ROMA�IA'S I�TEGRATIO� I� EU

Cezar Avram

Craiova University Roxana Radu

Craiova University

Abstract In the circumstances created by the fall of communism, Romania's

vision upon European integration has known and still knows radical changes and evolutions. Starting with the acceptance of this process as historical reality and the economic collaboration, bi and multilateral, with the Western countries

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and the European Union on the whole, Romania has come to admit European integration in the present and future form and structures and, which is more important, to officially ask the adhesion: both economic and military adhesion. This fact shows an obvious change of political conception and behavior that goes from the cooperation dimension to the complete integration in the pan-European economic, political, monetary and military structures.

Key words: adhesion, cooperation, integration, political structures, sovereignty.

THE FIELD OF ECO�OMIC CRIME - I

Univ. lecturer. Dr. Mioara Ketty Guiu

Summary: In our days, the autonomy of economical offences is put in doubt. The

difficulty to explain the significance of the expression “economy” guide the economical offences, like own offences, with active qualified subject and give the overlooking of the rule as a result the systematization of offences is done in connection with a “social common value”.

With this work, the author tries to give an explanation of this kind of situation and to open new perspectives of landing the problems of economical offences, to pas the controversies.

There are from many decades, in criminology the tendency to classify the economical offences in two categories: on the one side ”corporate crimes” and on the other side the offences done by the named ”white collar offences”.5

In Germany, many criminologists, after the American model, make the distinction between the offences committed by the persons, using their personal position, and the offences done by the corporation – which are a subdivision of economical offences committed with intention, in the aid of reduction of costs or the avoiding of debts payments, or in the aid of growing the enterprise profits.6

This kind of classification is disputable. The name given to that double categories of offences are different like

sense and it is impossible to admit that they form a system ant to unloose the aspects which gives specifications to economical offences.

5 To see Klaus Boers, Ursula Nelles; Allit Nippert, La criminalite economique et financiere en Europe, L’Harmattan, Deviace et Societe, France, 2002, p. 99 - 102 6 In the same way Opp. K.D. Soziologie der Wirtschaftskriminalitat, Munchen, C.H.Beck, 1975.

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Key words: Economy, Corporate, Profession, Crime

THE I�TIMATIO� A�D WAY OF FU�CTIO�I�G OF THE EUROPEA� COURT OF HUMA� RIGHTS

(I)

Ph.D., Lecturer Costache Gheorghe, „Spiru Haret” University

Faculty of Low and Public Administration from Craiova The disaster after the Second World War has remained in the history of mankind as one of the blackest moments of human history. In these conditions, humanity has decided by their leaders that there must be taken all the measures to avoid repeating such and event. In this sense, in Europe is the Council of Europe, the first interstate organ with the declared meaning to protect human rights. From what should be the human rights protected? But if all the states in the world would respect human rights, then certainly there would be no more conflicts between the states. Key words: human rights, Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights

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THE LOCAL PUBLIC ADMI�ISTRATIO� I� ROMA�IA

Univ. asist. Adriana Sandu

University “SPIRU HARET” Bucharest Faculty of Law and Public Administration Craiova

By this article, it is intented to emphasize the organizational manner of

the local public administration in the point of the principles that govern this aspect : the local autonomy, the decentralization of public services that present a local interest, electing the local public administration authorities, questioning the citizens about local problems of high interest. Thus, the units of the public administration through which the local autonomy is realised are : local councils, as deliberative and primar authorities, as executive authorities. As well, in every district a districtual council is elected, which coordinates the activity of the local councils with a view to fulfill the public services of districtual interest. In this article, I am trying to trace the main organs of the public administration, with a description of their main activities and the way they understand to coordinate their activity.

Key words:The mayor,the vice-mayor, the register officer, the tutorial

authority,the prefect.

THE CO�TESTATIO� OF THE DISCIPLI�ARY SA�CTIO�S I� THE LEGISLATIO� OF THE LABOUR LAW

Lawyer Oana Mihuţoiu

In the field of labour legislation, the issue of solving the contestation

of the disciplinary sanctions knows vaste discutions, taking into account both the law deficiencies and the uneven practice. In the work hereby we believe that the competent instance in solving a contestation against the disciplinary sanction may : confirm the measure of the sanction if proved to be solid and legal, cancel the sanction in case that it is proved to be unjustified or replace the sanction with an easier one if considered to be too severe.

Key words : disciplinary sanction,-labour contract,-labour

jurisdiction organ,-labour legislation

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CURRE�T PROVISIO�S REGARDI�G THE LEGAL REPRESE�TATIO� OF JOI�T STOCK COMPA�IES

Asist.univ.drd. Papa Andreea-Diana Asist.univ.drd. Ilinca Alexandra-Elena

Faculty of Law and Public Administration - Craiova Spiru Haret University – Bucharest

Provisions of the Regulation of the Council of Europe no. 2157/2001

regarding the Statute of the European Joint Stock Company, through modifications brought by law no. 441/2006 and O.U.G. no. 82/2007 L.S.C. (to the law of commercial societies nr. 31/1990), regulates the possibility the shareholders of joint stock societies choose between two distinct systems of administration of the society: unitary system and dualist system.

Keywords: company, joint stock companies, administrator, board of

directors.

LEGAL REPRESE�TATIO�

OF THE COOPERATIVES

Asist. univ. drd. Papa Andreea Diana Asist. univ. drd. Ilinca Alexandra-Elena

Faculty of Law and Public administration – Craiova Spiru Haret University – Bucharest

Cooperation society represents an autonomous association of physical

or juridical persons, realized based on their freely expressed consent, with the purpose of promoting economic, social and cultural interests of the cooperation members. The cooperative society is possessed in common and controlled in democratic manner by cooperation according to principles realized by Law 1/2005 regarding the organization and functioning of the cooperation.

Keywords: association, physical person, juridical person Cooperation society.

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THE REGULATIO� OF THE ADMI�ISTRATIVE CO�TRACTS I� ROMA�IA

Part I

Lect.univ.drd. Banu Cristiana Ecaterina

University „SPIRU HARET” Bucharest, Faculty of Law and Administration Craiova

This article herein is trying to highlight the main features of the administrative contracts, by starting from a short presentation of the origins and evolution of the administrative contract theory, within the Romanian legal doctrine and practice and ending with a brief analysis of the main administrative contracts known in the Romanian legislation.

Keywords: administrative contract, concession, public acquisition, rental, public works, work concession, joint venture contract, bailment contract, public-private partnership contract , grant contract.

THE MA�AGERS' LACK OF I�TEREST TOWARDS THE

MOTIVATIO� I� WORK

Lector univ. drd. Adriana Elena BELU, University „SPIRU HARET” Bucharest,

Faculty of Law and Administration Craiova

The managers of the sanitary organizations do not prove managerial incompetence also under the aspect of knowing and offering those stimulents appropriate to the organizational context, known under the generic name of "motivation in work". A manager must know, among other things, the possibility of using the two essential categories of stimulents:

1. giving the rights guaranteed by law or by collective and individual labour contracts to all the employees, without discriminations (for instance: the wages, benefits, individual food dole, etc, as a sign of the seriousness and competence of the one leading the respective organization);

2. giving certain stimulents specific to the activity domain differentially, depending on each employee's performance (premiums, promotings, etc.) The first category of stimulents is, without doubt, prior and it expresses by excellence the essential condition of satisfaction in work.

Keywords: motivation, motivation in work, needs, human resources

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THE MAI� PRI�CIPLES I� THE AREA OF CIVIL LIABILITY I� E�VIRO�ME�TAL LAW

Drd. Judge Alexandrina Marica

University „SPIRU HARET” Bucharest, Faculty of Law and Administration Craiova

Court of Appeal Craiova Trainee Magistrate Andreea Marica –

The 5ational Institute of Magistracy

The general notion of liability, present in all the areas of law, formed and

evolved together with the modern society, imposing a certain conduct upon every subject who is forced not to violate the general interests and legitimate rights of a person and not to cause any prejudice. The violation of the rules governing human conduct that causes a prejudice or creates a dangerous situation makes the person who violated the rules liable for his illicit action. In the context of existing life on earth and in the context of permanent challenges to ensure the survival of mankind, the environmental protection regards the protection, the conservation and the development of the environment. For achieving this goal, the legal protection of the environment can not be separated of the existence of legal liability of the person who caused a prejudice or damage. The right to a healthy and ecologically balanced environment is recognized and guaranteed by national law as well as by international law.

Article 35 of the Romanian Constitution as modified by Law no. 429/2003 states, among the other fundamental rights, the right to a healthy environment that is part of a third generation of rights called “solidarity rights”, rights that can be respected not only by internal efforts of the state, but also by cooperation between the state and the people. By concluding the association agreement between Romania and the European Union that entered into force in 1995, Romania has taken the community environmental acquis. The three fundamental rights: 1. the right to be informed regarding the environment; 2. the right to participate in the process of taking the decisions regarding the environment; 3. the right to ask for ecological damages to be repaired or for the illegal administrative acts to be annulled, have played an important role in this process.

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FREEDOM OF THOUGHT, CO�SCIE�CE A�D RELIGIO� I�

THE EUROPEA� CO�TEXT

Lector univ. drd. Ingrid �icolau Asist. univ. drd. Raluca Lupu

University „SPIRU HARET” Bucharest, Faculty of Law and Administration Constanţa

We can draw a fundamental conclusion by analyzing Court `s jurisprudence: as part of the Convention, democracy is a fundamental, compulsory and indisputable precept of a debate regarding freedom of religion.

Court reminded that democracy is the unique political model accepted by the Convention and the only compatible. Democracy is a whole. It is the aptitude to act and to impede. It is forbidden for religion to subdue society or state as well as for state to subdue religion in democratic systems. Key words: religion, laical, democracy , the European Convention on Human Rights.

THE MAI� MA�AGEME�T ROLES- PERSO�S A�D POSITIO�S I�VOLVED I� THE ACTIVITY OF THE �O�-PROFIT

ORGA�IZATIO�

Lector univ. Drd. Roxana Drumea Asist. Univ. Drd. M. Cristina Boroiu

University „Spiru Haret” Tthe Faculty of Law, Constanta

Although the terms non-profit sector, voluntary sector or the third sector

are, perhaps, the most used notions in order to describe organizations that aren’t state-funded or that aren’t oriented to profitable economical activities, there are also other terms, often used. For instance, the term of non-governmental organization is, regularly, used. Although there are many resemblances, the roles of the responsible persons are different from an organization to another, and sometimes even in the same organization. The way how they fulfill these responsibilities and other that are supplementary, depends on the activity type promoted by the Administrative

31

Council/ Board of Directors, by the persons involved and by their quality of being remunerated or not.

Key words: strategic management,non-profit organization, the general assembly, the board of directors (the administrative council), the committee of auditors, the non-profit sector

GUIDI�G E�VIRO�ME�TAL LAW PRI�CIPLES.

THE “POLLUTER PAYS” PRI�CIPLE

Asist.univ.drd.av. Alexandra Elena Ilinca

Asist.univ.drd. Denisa Loredana Bică „Spiru Haret” University

Facultaty of Law and Public Administration, Craiova

In attempting to ensure continuity of the biosphere and its components,

environmental principles have been elaborated, which are now common to national, regional and international law. The ‘polluter pays’ principle endorses the concept that those who are responsible for pollution should pay for the costs of reduction, prevention and elimination of the pollution. It was developed as a method of allocating the costs of pollution control, while avoiding the distortion of international trade or unfair competitive advantages. Since the entry into force of the Single European Act the EC Treaty was subject to a ‘greening’ process.

Keywords: environmental law, community, principle, pollution, environmental cost

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A�ALYSIS OF A CAUSE DISORDER USAGE TE�A�T FROM THE POI�T OF VIEW OF �ATIO�AL A�D STATE OF EUROPEA�

REGULATIO�

University Assistant Ph.D. candidate, Robert Paul Titulescu

University Assistant, Manuel Cristian Firică „Spiru Haret” University

Facultaty of Law and Public Administration, Craiova

From the content of the texts assigned by jurisprudence to the obligation

of lessor guarantee a three-dimensional approach results, namely: the guarantee for violations originating in one’s own act, the guarantee for violations originating in a third-party and the guarantee for hidden vices of the asset rented. In this context we are interested in the first two issues mentioned, which actually make up the obligation of guarantee for eviction that is incumbent on lessor.

Keywords: tenancy, lessor, tenant, fruition, rent, eviction, guarantee.

THE ATTAI�ME�T OF FRUITS BY POSSESSIO� OF GOOD FAITH

Asist. Univ. Drd. Vladut Oana Gabriela Asist. Univ. Drd. Stiolica Mirela Loredana

„Spiru Haret” University Facultaty of Law and Public Administration, Craiova

The idea that you can detach from the analysis of good faith

practicability in the matter of real rights is at first that, good-faith works as a relative presumption or simple presumption and on the other hand, civil rights belonging to a subject of civil law of good faith are more protected than the rights of a subject of civil law of bad faith.

Keywords: Good faith, property right, attainment of fruits

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A �EW PROCEDURE TO PREVE�T THE DELAY I� PAYME�T DUTIES E�SUI�G FROM

SALES CO�TRACTS

University Senior Lecturer �icolae Grădinaru, Ph.D. ,,Constantin Brâncoveanu”

University Piteşti, Along with the procedures provided by ordinary law, there occurs a new emergency judgement procedure of commercial law suits which transposes into the Romanian law Guideline 2000/35/CE of the European Parliament and Council regarding the prevention of payment delays in commercial transactions. The simplified procedure applies to real, liquid and claimable debentures that mean payment duties ensuing from sales contracts. Key-words: payment delays, debentures, contracting authority, sales contracts.

THE EVOLUTIO� OF THE �ATURAL LAW

U�TIL THE 18th CE�TURY. THE �ATURAL LAW SCHOOL

Lect. univ. dr. Cezar TITĂ

University „SPIRU HARET” Bucharest, Faculty of Law and Administration Rm.-Vâlcea

5atural law known a period less appropriate, being bring in attention

by the writings of the church fathers. The Christian writings contribute to the increase of the natural law

importance in society, getting to the situation in which we can’t formulate any theory about the society without appealing to it.

In the sixteen or seventeen centuries, which were aquatinted with numerous movements by which the individual searched to win its independence, theoreticians rediscover the natural law, as source of individual rights which are the base of positive law.

5umerous authors of that period appealed to the idea of natural law for perfection of their work, in that period ground international public law and the law protection of the Human rights.

In that period established the relations between natural law- given by the positive law – created, also appearing the embryo of the theory of the social contract, developed in the eighteen century.

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THEORETIC ISSUES CO�CER�I�G

RELEASE O� PAROLE I� ROMA�IA A�D FRA�CE

Asist. univ. Rotaru Paul-Adrian

Faculty of Law and Public Administration, Craiova „Spiru Haret” University

To apply the institution of release on parole to the Romanian legislation and to the legislation of other states as well, represents a stimulating factor for the convents state of mind, irrespective of the conditions the person released on parole should comply with in order to benefit from his release this process also favours the conditions to apply some human provisions to those who broke the law-some of which for the first time - and it is a serious reason for a proper behaviour in compliance with law during the conviction period.

Key words: release on parole, legislation, convents, behaviour.

THE EMERGE�CE A�D DEVELOPME�T OF THE CO�STITUTIO�

Lecturer Phd. Munteanu Ana Maria

The Faculty of Law and Public Administration Craiova ”Spiru Haret” University of Bucharest

The Constitution regulates the most important social dispatches

essential for the establishment, maintenance and carrying out of the political power, of the state powers. For this reason, the Constitution must enjoy a

privileged position in the law system with a supreme legal power, the whole law system must subordinate to it and to develop the principles established by the

Constitution. The first constitution appeared in England, consisting of legal customs, and of a

number of written acts, as we've shown, that after the multiplication they could be changed by regular laws 71.

Keywords: constitution, development, evolution

1. See for details regarding the content of these acts, Paul Godeanu: State and Law History (general page) Vol 1. The multiplication center of the University of Bucharest, 1970, page 117 and the following

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THE STRUCTURE A�D THE JURIDICAL �ATURE OF THE ADOPTIO�

University Lecturer drd. Ciocoiu Mariana

„SPIRU HARET” University Faculty of Law and Public Administration, Craiova

The adoption is a complex judicial act, the doctrine confering to it a triple

acception, respectively: the acception of judicial act, of juridical report and of juridical institution. For achiving the adoption there will have to be achieved the three categories of juridical operations, every acception constituing an essential element of the adoption. Key words: adoption, judicial act, juridical institution.

REE�GI�EERI�G OF THE ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE OF THE EUROPEA� U�IO�:

FROM THE SIMPLIFICATIO� OF TREATIES TO A CO�STITUTIO�AL TREATY

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Carolina Smochina

Cyprus International University, Department of European Union Relations

Prezenta comunicare îşi propune drept scop analiza construcţiei europene şi a cadrului instituţional şi constituţional al Uniunii Europene prin prisma Tratatului institutind o Constituţie pentru Europa, generic denumit „Constituţie Europeană”, şi a Tratatului Reformă, denumirea oficială fiind Tratatul de la Lisabona, ultimul constituind de facto versiunea revizuită a tratatului constituţional original. Reproiectarea structurii arhitecturale a Uniunii Europene a fost necesară pentru a face față cerintelor unei Europe largite precum și de „salvare” a tratatului constituţional prin elaborarea unei variante aparent mai moderate a acestuia sub o nouă denumire – Tratatul de Reformă. În cadrul comunicării s-a purces la o analiză comparativă a principalelor, din punct de vedere juridic, prevederi şi inovaţii prevăzute în ambele tratate.

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�O�-E�FORCI�G THE DUTIES IMPOSED BY FI�AL A�D IRREVOCABLE COURT DECISIO�S8

Asist.Univ.drd.Lionela Madescu Facultatea de Drept si Administratie Publica Craiova

Universitatea “Spiru Haret” An independent judiciary system represents a necessary condition for

the supremacy of the law and of the principles that govern a democratic state.The measures that are to be taken in order to consolidate the independence of the judiciary system must lead not only the notion regarding the principle related to the delimitation of powers within a state, but also to its practical implementation. The reform of the judiciary system involves the institutional reorganization, the renewal of the mentalities that represent the basis of the present system, as well financial efforts ; the reformprocess is,in fact, a priory of our government. The present reform stategy deals with the improvement of the constant negative aspects, as it guarantees not only the independence of the justice, but also higt quality and efficiency regarding the act of justice, in accordance with the requirements of the European Union. Keywords: independent judiciary system,reform of the judiciary system,strategy of reform,european contentious,equity, advertising,European Court of Human Rights.

8 E. Oprina, The constrained enforcement in the lawsuit, Juridical Universe, Bucharest, 2007, p.

418-426;

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CO�TE�TS

Foreword to readers( Bică Gheorghe)......................................................................... 168 Money laundering- from crime to business( Andrei Smochină)................................. 169 Political loyalty and competence in the process of Romania’s integration in EU( Cezar Avram, Roxana Radu) ................................................................................................ 179 The field of economic crime. ( Mioara Ketty Guiu) ................................................... 193 The intimation and way of functioning of the European court of human rights(I) ( Costache Gheorghe).................................................................................................... 199 The local public administration in Romania( Adriana Sandu) ................................... 207 The contestation of the disciplinary sanctions in the legislation of the labour law( Oana Mihuţoiu) ................................................................................................................... 213 Current provisions regarding the legal representation of the cooperatives( Papa Andreea Diana, Ilinca Alexandra Elena) .................................................................... 219 Legal representation of the cooperatives( Papa Andreea Diana, Ilinca Alexandra Elena)225 The regulation of the administrative contracts in Romania. Part I( Banu Cristina Ecaterina) .................................................................................................................... 228 The managers’ lack of interest towards the motivation in work( Adrina Elena Belu) 236 The main principles in the area of civil liability in environmental law ( Alexandrina Marica, Andreea Marica) ..................................................................... 243 Frredom of thought, conscience and religion in the European context( Ingrid Nicolau, Raluca Lup)................................................................................................................. 248 The main management roles- persons and positions involved in the activity of the non profit organization( Roxana Drumea, M Cristina Boroiu).......................................... 254 Guiding environmental law principles the “polluter pays” principle( Alexandra Elena Ilinca, Denisa Loredana Bică)..................................................................................... 259 Analysis of a course disorder usage tenant from the point of view of national and state of European regulation( Robert Paul Titulescu, Manuel Cristian Firică) ................... 266 The attainment of fruits by possession of good faith( Vlăduţ Oana Gabriela, Stiolica Mirela Loredana) ........................................................................................................ 275 A new procedure to prevent the delay in payment duties ensuring from sales contracts( Grădinaru Nicolae) ..................................................................................................... 282 The evolution of the natural law until the 18 th century. The natural law school ( Cezar Tiţă) ................................................................................................................ 289 Theoretic issues concerning release on parole in romania and france( Rotaru Paul Adrian) ........................................................................................................................ 296 The emergence and development of the constitution( Munteanu Ana Maria)............ 301 The structure and the juridical nature of the adoption( Ciocoiu Mariana)......................305 Reengineering of the architectural structure of the european union: from the simplification of treaties to a constitutional treaty( Carolina Smochină) .................. 310 Non-enforcing the duties imposed by final and irrevocable court decisions (Lionela Madescu)..................................................................................................................... 318