Coffee

Student:Stanciu Răzvan Group: 8213Teacher :Mihai Daniel Frumușelu

University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine - Bucharst

Coffee is a drink that contains caffeine and black which is obtained from roasted

and ground coffee beans. Coffee beans are the fruit of a coffee plant Rubiaceae

family, genus Coffea, two major varieties: arabica and Coffea robusta Coffea

(Coffea canephora). Coffea arabica shorts provide the finest flavors, while

Coffea robusta is more bitter and less aromatic. Quality coffee is influenced by

place of cultivation, storage and torrefaction process coffee beans

Coffee is slightly acidic and can have a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content. Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press,

 cafe latte, etc.). It is usually served hot, although iced coffee is also served. Clinical studies indicate that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly beneficial in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether long-term

consumption inhibits cognitive decline during aging or lowers the risk of some forms of cancer

Historic.

The origins of coffee would be in a region of Ethiopia called KOffice and then brought in the Arab world through Egypt and Yemen, where it begins to cultivate commercial purposes. In the past coffee was not considered food and drink. East African tribes grinds the beans and raw coffee by mixing a paste with animal fat that we consume warriors to have more energy during the fighting.

Since 1000, the famous healer Avicenna, the chip maker administer medicine. Coffee beans were cooked and transformed into a drink called qahwa. Ethiopians get the kind of wine from coffee berries fermenting the dried beans in water

Cafe in Constantinople 1905

The first coffee shop opened in Constantinople in 1475, being called Kiva Han. Since 1512, coffee's stimulatory effects caused conservative imams in the Arab world for Muslims to ban its consumption. However, the first café was opened in Damascus in 1530. From the Middle East coffee was spread in India, Indonesia and America, but also in Italy, the exchanges between Venetian merchants and those in North Africa and Egypt. Italy has been introduced in the rest of Europe and widely accepted after 1600 when Pope Clement VIII called it "drink Christian," despite its provenance. First coffeehouse in Europe opened in Venice in 1645 In the UK coffee was brought by traders bringing goods from Turkey. The first café was opened in London in 1652 as the Grand Cafe and the café Queen's Lane opened in Oxford in 1654 is in use today. By 1675 there were 3,000 cafes throughout England

Composition Components Green

coffee % Roasted

coffee % Water 11,3 2,7

Nitrogenous substances

12,6 13,9

Caffeine 1,9 1,3

Fats 11,7 14,4Sugar 6,3 2,8

Dextrin 0,4 1,3

Minerals 3,3 3,9

Cellulose 23,9 23,9

Variety

Nearly 80 known varieties of coffee, which is grown for industrial purposes

varieties Arabica, Robusta, Liberia and Maragogype. Arabica : is the most appreciated and cultivated coffee. Coffea

arabica is produced from tree native of Ethiopia and counts nearly 200 species. Many varieties have arisen either by adapting to different soils or by hybridization such as Jamaica Blue Mountain, Moka taste fruity, Bourbon appeared in Mauritius, Java etc. Arabica is a coffee with less caffeine (0.8 and 1.4)% appreciated thanks to its aromatic taste and finesse.

Robusta : (Coffea canephora or Coffea robusta) has a high caffeine content (1.7 - 4%), a strong taste and less flavored. Robusta is highlighted by strong taste more bitter, more poignant as Arabica coffee. Robusta is used extensively in the production of soluble coffee (instant) and the range of espresso and blended with Arabica coffee aroma to

highlight.

Liberica also a fast growing and can withstand adverse weather conditions. Is grown exclusively in subtropical plains of West Africa and South America, where humidity is high and temperatures between 20 and 25 ° C. The beans are often deformed, medium size and color from brown to yellow. The quality of the coffee is mediocre species.

Maragogype this coffee was discovered in the vicinity Maragogype, Bahia State, Brazil. The result is a hybrid cross between arabica and free. It is coffee beans the highest in the world, the grain sizes are 2-3 times higher. [6] Culture is extremely scattered (Guatemala, Brazil, Nicaragua, Mexico, Columbia and Java), at an altitude ranging between 600 and 1000m. Coffee beans of this shrub are greenish, high and medium quality, and the coffee tastes fine and fragrant.

Saint Helena Napoleon called coffee since it was its favorite coffee during exilulul of this island. This coffee grows in volcanic soil, using exclusively natural fertilizers such as guano (bat droppings). Coffee has a special taste, consistent and pleasant floral with hints of citrus and caramel.

Benefits:

• Have you noticed how coffee cup you drink your morning seems to put up and gives you dozens of ideas? Studies specialists have found that an average dose of coffee consumed daily stimulates attention, reaction time, memory and judgment throughout the day.

• Coffee antioxidants prevent cell damage and thus prevent the occurrence of many diseases, including cardiovascular. However, if the 2-3 cups per day limit is exceeded, the heart muscle can be very affected, so the boundary between health and disease is quite thin.

• Increasingly more studies about coffee conclude that this aromatic drink can give a helping hand in preventing breast cancer, liver, colon, head and vocal cords.

Bibliography

1. https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cafea2. http://www.portalroman.com/femei/Cele_10

_beneficii_ale_cafelei_pe_care_nu_le_stiai_-214.html

3. http://blogdecafea.ro/vezi/cafeaua-cea-de-toate-zilele