.,Comisia Antireligioasă" şi promovarea politicilor confesionale tn URSS (1922-1929)

7/26/2019 .,Comisia Antireligioas" i promovarea politicilor confesionale tn URSS (1922-1929)

1/12

=1=

FFF. MARA]AMFA FK^L]MLDFB, ]ARRO F ]RRO

BHOFRFA AK^F]LDFIFHAR

F S]HOHZA]LA SHDF^FBFDH] BHKJLRFHKADL K \]RR(16==-16=6)

Kfbhdal J\^LF

Nup prlduarla putlrff, mhdlvfbff au kblput rladfzarla uklf khf phdftfbfja nl rldfifl. Nhbuolktud prfkbfpad ad ablstlf phdftfbf lranlbrltud Nlsprl slpa-rarla Mfslrfbff nl stat f a bhdff nl Mfslrfb (=2 1617 , - - )prfk barl sl sbgfomasl statutud eurfnfb ad tuturhr budtldhr, fkbdu-sfv ad Mfslrfbff Hrthnhxl.

Abfukfdl khff putlrf ku sl putlau dfofta nhar da loftlrla ukuf nlbrlt, oafuroa s jfl nltlrofkatl f hriakldl nl stat sau nl partfn amfdftatl bu fopdlolk-tarla nlbrltuduf k vfa, bu att oaf oudt b rldfifa ku putla jf nlzrnbfkatprfktr-h sfkiur dhvftur. Mhdlvfbff lrau bhktflkf b vhr avla nl duptat blvatfop bu rofldl rldfifhasl nfk bhktffka haolkfdhr shvfltfbf. Ablasta k-slaok b h plrfhan klnltlrofkat nl tfop statud shvfltfb uroa s bhkvflu-fasb bu Mfslrfba Hrthnhx f bu adtl budtl barl lxfstau k ar. Hrf ablst dubru prl-supukl f akuoftl rliudf nl bhkvflufrl nfktrl stat f budtl k bhknfffdl bknvlbgfdl hrknufldf au jhst amrhiatl f vlbgfdl strubturf barl asfiurau dliturfdlnfktrl stat f budtlau jhst dfbgfnatl. Rtatud shvfltfb s-a vzut klvhft s nltlrofklakuoftl strubturf barl s-ar hbupa bu krlifstrarla sau dfbgfnarla bhoukftfdhrrldfifhasl. Slktru ablasta, da :(17) aprfdfl 1617, pl dki Bhofsarfatud Eustfflf ajhst fkstftuft h Bhofsfl fktlrnlpartaolktad ( )1. k bhophklka Bhofsflf au jhst fkbduf rlprlzlktakff Bh-ofsarfatldhr Shphruduf5 Eustfflf, Ajablrfdhr Fktlrkl, Jfkakldhr f kvoktuduf,da jld f rlprlzlktakff mfslrfbfdhr Hrthnhx, ]hoakh-bathdfb, Irlbh-bathdfb, Df-phvlkl .a.=k jruktla ablstlf Bhofsff a jhst kuoft Zdanfofr Mhkbf-Mrulvfbf.

Sl nata nl 7 oaf 1617 ablast bhofsfl a jhst nlsjffkat nl btrl Bhksfdfud

Bhofsarfdhr Shphruduf, barl a phrukbft Bhofsarfatuduf Eustfflf s sl hbupl nlprhmdloldl rldfifhasl. Da rknud su k banrud Bhofsarfatuduf Eustfflf s-a ght-rt b ablast jukbfl s jfl pus pl slaoa nlpartaolktuduf ZFFF k jruktl bu S. A.@rasf`hv, eurfst nl prhjlsfl. Rum bhknublrla duf, k bhkjhroftatl bu fkstrubfukfdlablstufa sl rladfza bhkjfsbarla hmflbtldhr nl prl mfslrfbltf, da jld fnfstruilrlamfs-rfbfdhr, plrslbutarla bdlrfbfdhr, prhjakarla ohatldhr .a.2

1.., . ., . ., , ,=339, 1=.2Oudtfpdl orturff pht jf duatl nfk rlvfsta , zfarudf adtl pumdfbaff.


2/12

=12

k khua fkstftufl au jhst akiaeaf splbfadftf nfk jhstldl strubturf sfofdarlnfk trlbut, da jld f ukff bdlrfbf barl s-au dlpnat nl prlhfl prfktrl barl Ofgafd Iad-`fk, olomrud Rfkhnuduf Fvak pfmlri, nar f plrshakl nl adtl bhkjlsfukf5 Ofgafd]lfsklr, Rhdhohk Ohigfdlvs`f, Adlxaknr Lvtfgllv .a.

Abtfvftatla nlpartaolktuduf ZFFF trlzla klouduofrla oudthra, k prfoudrkn a rlprlzlktakfdhr budtldhr. Bhdamhrathrff nlpartaolktuduf lrau airlsfvf knfsbuffdl bu rlprlzlktakff bdlruduf. Nl burkn a nlvlkft bukhsbut bhrlsphk-nlka nfktrl nlpartaolkt f Mfslrfba Hrthnhx ]us, ktrlfkut nl btrl Kfbhdaf@uzklhv, eurfstud Satrfargflf. Ablsta susfkla b fkstftufa nat kblarb s k-nrlptlasb aolstlbud authrftfdhr dhbadl k prhmdloldl rldfifhasl f ku pt-ruknl k lslka prhmdloldhr. k rspuksurfdl hjfbfadl, bhdamhrathrff nlparta-olktuduf jhdhslau lxprlsff urtl f nlkfiratharl, pl barl oaf mfkl s ku dlrlplto afbf plktru a ku ktrfsta brlnfkbfhff f s ku trlzfo atftunfkf kliatfvl

ja nl putlrla shvfltfb>.Klouduofrla ja nl abtfvftatla nlpartaolktuduf ZFFF a nus da rlhriakf-zarla ablstufa. k 16== asupra nlpartaolktuduf pdaka bgfar plrfbhdud nl a jf nls-jffkat. ks anrlsarla plrshkad a duf @rasf`hv btrl Dlkfk a sadvat fkstftufa,sbgfomknu-f-sl nhar kuoldl, nlvlkfkn nlpartaolktud Z. Bhknubthruduf nl-partaolktuduf f sl supuklau bhdamhrathrff barl f supravliglau pl bdlrfbadf kbanrud slbffdhr dhbadl adl IS\-HIS\. k bhkjhroftatl bu ghtrrla ZF@ nfk 1:hbthomrfl 16==, IS\ avla nrlptud ba osur lxtraeunfbfar s nlphrtlzl kdhburfdl knlprtatl nfjlrftl plrshakl pl uk tlrolk nl pk da 2 akf, plktru lxaofkarla blrlrfdhr, anrlsrfdhr, eadhmldhr plohtfvl rldfifhasl a hriakfzat pl dki Srllnfktldl ZF@ ( -

?Bhoftltud Lxlbutfv Blktrad nfk ^hat ]u-sfa)uk Rlbrltarfat plktru ajablrfdl budtldhr k jruktl bu S. I. Rofnhvfbf.S. I. Rofnhvfbf kblrba s bhkblktrlzl k ofkfdl sadl thatl sjhrfdl phdftfbff mf-

slrfbltf pl dfkfa shvfltfb. k anrlsarla btrl nfjlrftl nlpartaolktl adl ZF@ ldolkfhka5 Nlpartaolktud budtldhr pl barl d bhknub, lxaofklaz thatl nhsarldl blfk nl budtl f fa ghtrrf nl sfklsttthr hrf prlzfkt rljlratl da ZF@:.

> , ! //-, >.3:, =337 ., . :..: ().() - 16==-16=6 .Zlzf5 gttp5//rljlratf.fkjh/prhelbts/prhelbt->962=.gtod abblsat 21.3


3/12

=1>

^hatl ablstl nlpartaolktl nl japt knlpdfklau kftl jukbff tlgkfbl5 nlkrlifstrarl a statutldhr bhoukftfdhr rldfifhasl sau sbhatlrla ablsthra nl dalvfnlk, anfb dfbgfnarla ablsthra. ks ablstl fkstftuff abfhkau jffkn nl japtigfnatl nfk uomr nl kftl fkstftuff slbrltfzatl barl nl japt ghtrau phdftfbfdl

bhkjlsfhkadl adl statuduf shvfltfb. \ka nfktrl ablstl strubturf lstl aa-kuofta Bh-ofsfl Aktfrldfifhas ( ).Da kblputud vlrff akuduf 16=, . 169.13.. , , . >.


4/12

=1. lnfkldl Bhosflf vhr avla dhb dukla da hra 7 k bamfkltud duf @adfkfk k

bdnfrla ZF@ nfk @rlodfk1>.Bhofsfa bgfar a kblrbat s bhkblktrlzl k ofkfdl sadl that abtfvftatla nl

pl jrhktud rldfifhs, astjld k lnfka nfk 21 hbthomrfl 16==, sl shdfbft da MfrhdudShdftfb ba s f sl atrfmufl Bhofsflf thatl nrlpturfdl f hmdfiaffdl plkrtu dubrud buslbtldl f s jfl dfbgfnat Bhofsfa plktru slbtl ( )1-2=


5/12

=1:

bhophklka Bhofsflf lstl prhpus rlprlzlktakta Bhofsarfatuduf Lnubaflf pum-dfbl () Fa`hvdlva=3. Bu tfopud k bhophklka Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhaslau jhst fkbdusl f adtl plrshakl, nfk partla bhoshohduduf, f sfknfbatlhr. Astjld btrl> nlblomrfl 16=> nfk bhophkla Bhofsflf jblu partl5 Farhsdavs f (prllnfktl), Df-

gablv (aneukbt) oplruk bu Eabhv, Fa`hvdlva (rlprlzlktatka Bhofsarfatuduf Lnuba-flf pumdfbl), Shphv B.A. (aneukbtud prllnfktlduf), @asfolk`h (rlprlzlktaktud BB ad@hoshoduduf), Akldhvfbf (nfk parla Bhksfdfuduf \kfhkad ad Rfknfbatldhr)=1.

Nup buo vlnlo, Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas ktrukla uk kuor nl rlprlzlk-takf adl tuturhr hriakldhr suplrfharl a putlrff nl stat f euba uk rhd bglfl da gh -trrla oaehrftff amshdutl a prhmdloldhr nfk nholkfud rldaffdhr statuduf buhriakfzaffdl rldfifhasl. Slktru bhknublrla nl partfn ablast nfrlbfl lra nlh-slmft nl fophrtakt.

Rarbfkfdl Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhasl au jhst nltlrofkatl kb da pdlkara drif-

t a partfnuduf nfk 16=1, ghtrrfdl brlfa ku au jhst pumdfbatl kfbf k bhdlbff hjf-bfadl nl nhbuolktl nl partfn. Da dubrarl a partfbfpat klofedhbft Z.F. Dlkfk. Ablstaa rlnabtat rljlratud duf Lo. Farhsdavs`f, bftft k banrud pdlkarlf, nar a partfbfpat fda rlnabtarla tlxtuduf ghtrrff. k ablast ghtrrl sl stfpuda5 Rarbfka ablstlfabtfvftf k thtadftatl trlmufl jfl ba k dhbud vfzfukff rldfifhasl asupra duoff s pu-klo sfstloud tffkfjfb bhoukfst nlzvhdtat, barl vfzlaz thatl ktrlmrfdl, rspuk-sud da barl oasldl nl rakf dl butau k rldfifl.

k ablst bhktlxt sukt slokfjfbatfvl buvfktldl duf F.Z. Rtadfk spusl blva oaftrzfu ktr-h nfsbufl bu h nldliafl a oukbfthrfdhr aolrfbakf nfk 6 slptlomrfl

16=95 Sartfnud ku phatl jf klutru k prfvfka prleunlbfdhr rldfifhasl, va nublprhpaiakna ophtrfva ablsthr prleunlbf, nlharlbl ablasta lstl ukud nfk prfk-bfpadldl ofedhabl nl dupt bu fkjdulka bdlruduf rlabfhkar, barl susfkl bdasldl lx-pdhatatharl f prlnfb supuklrla ablsthr bdasl. Harl ao rlprfoat khf bdlrud rl-abfhkar8 Na, d-ao rlprfoat! ]u lstl b kb ku a jhst dfbgfnat nl tht==.

Srabtfb Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas, bhktrhda spafud rldfifhs, kuorud nl mfsl-rfbf, ohsbglf, basl nl ruibfukl, nltlrofka osura nl fktfofnarl f bhruplrl aflrargflf mfslrfbltf. Dubrud ablsta sl vlnl bgfar nfk prfoa lnfk a Bhofsflf uknls-au nfsbutat urotharldl prhmdlol5 1. Nlsprl iruprfdl Z\ (Bhknublrla Ruprl-

o a Mfslrfbff l vhrma nl sbgfsoa rlkkhfthrfdhr) a) s jfl fktrhnus k Z\ lpfs-bhpud Lvnh`fo nl Mheklihrhns`0 m) s jfl aopdfjfbat burlktud stkifst0 b) iruprfdlMfslrfba vfl ( ) f Mfslrfba rlkatlrff ( )s ku jfl bhoasatl, bf s jfl atrasl btrl burlktud stkifst. =) Nlsprl tfprfrla blrl-rff duf Akthkfk k zfarud Sravna, kr. =19, s f sl prhpuk thv. @rasf`hv s prlk-topfkl rlnabfa zfaruduf Sravna s ku oaf pumdfbl artfbhdl bu tloatfba ofb-rfdhr rldfifhasl jr abhrnud nfk partla Bhofsflf. 2) Nlsprl rspknfrla slbtakfdhr.R jfl trlbut prfk Bhofsfl nlphrtarla maptftfdhr=2.

=3

. . 1, . 29>-29


6/12

=19

\dtfoud prhthbhd ad Bhofsflf lstl bld bu kr. 117 nfk > khflomrfl 16=6 da

barl au partfbfpat5 Farhsdavs`f, @rasf`hv, Rtu`hv, @uzklhv, F`rfakfsthva f Nrh-kfk. k banrud lnfklf au jhst nfsbutatl urotharldl prhmdlol5 1. Lxaofkarlanlolrsurfdhr bdlrfbadfdhr bu prfvfrl da lnftarla badlknarldhr rldfifhasl plktru

akud 1623 (^ubf`hv). R-a ghtrt nl a rljuza aprhmarla lnftrff badlknarldhr,nlsprl rljuz s jfl akukatIdavkau`a plktru a na fknfbaffdl klblsarl.

k oaf pufk nl 7 akf da lnfkldl Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhasl au jhst lxaof-katl 7>= nl sumflbtl dliatl nl phdftfba partfnuduf f statuduf ja nl hriakfzaffdlrldfifhasl, nfsbutatl nfjlrftl prhflbtl adl nfrlbtfvldhr bu tloatfb rldfifhas fprhpaiarla atlfsouduf, lrau prlitftl oatlrfadl plktru bhkirlsldl partfnuduf fpdlkarldl BB, sl trfoftlau nfsphzfff kanrlsa nfjlrfthr fkstakl f hriakfzaff, slldamhrau pdakurf plktru prhpaiakna atlfsouduf ofdftakt.

Shzffa Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhasl ja nl Mfslrfba Hrthnhx ]us sl sbgfoma

k jukbflnl bursud phdftfb f jhrldl nfk Mfrhud Shdftfb ad partfnuduf. k prfoa lta-p (16== prfoa euotatl a 16=2), statud kblrba s nla Mfslrfbff dhvftura nlbf-sfv , nup lxprlsfa duf Z. F. Dlkfk, s kvo ablst pumdfb (bdlrud K.J.), astjldba plktru btlva zlbf nl akf pl vffthr, kfbf s ku iknlasb da vrlh ophtrfvfrl=>.Ablst atab bavadlrlsb lra nfrfeat nl btrl D. N. ^rh`f. k bhknfffdl duptlf brk-blkl Rlbrltarud ilklrad ad BB ad SB(m) nfk ]usfa, Rtadfk, a ghtrt s-d knlprtlzlpl ^rh`f nl da bhknublrla dubrrfdhr aktfrldfifhasl. Nup ablasta vfkl aa kuof-tud KLS rldfifhs. Rbgfomarla raphrtuduf nl jhrl, bkn jhtff adfaf vrloldkfbfnlvlklau nuoakf, pl juknadud dfbgfnrff ldlolktldhr sdaml adl dfmlradfsouduf,

dupta bu nlvflrfdl nl nrlapta da jhroudarla tlzldhr nlsprl ksprfrla duptlf nlbdas pl osura kafktrff sprl shbfadfso, a nus da ksprfrla rldaffdhr bu Mfsl-rfba. Klp-ud rldfifhs a duat sjrft da ghtarud ktrl akff 16=.=:., ., // , 1677. 1= .


7/12

=17

H bhofsfl sfofdar bu bla nfk Jlnlrafa ]us a lxfstat f k \brafka nfkbarl jblau partl f ukldl rafhakl nfk partla stki a Kfstruduf a abtuadlf ]lpum-dfbf Ohdnhva.

Sl nata nl 16 oaf 16=3 da bhksjtufrla prllnfkfdhr f bhknubthrfdhr bh-

oftltldhr lxlbutfvl rlifhkadl f eunllkl nfk \brafka, prllnfktldl Nlpartaolk-tuduf Blktrad plktru krlifstrarla Abtldhr Rtrff Bfvfdl (UAIR) nl pl dki Bhof-sarfatud Eustfflf, F. Z. Rughpdfulv, a vlkft bu fnlla nl a hriakfza h strubtur barlar bhknubl rladfzarla slparrff Mfslrfbf nl stat. Da oholktud fkffad ablst dubru s-a pus pl slaoa sumnfvfzfukfdhr ilklradl adl bhoftltldhr lxlbutfvl ( - )=9. Nfk fukfl 16=3 Rhvkar`houdnfk ]RR\ a nldliat ablast jukbfl Bhofsarfatuduf Eustfflf. Fkstrubfukla Bhofsa-rfatuduf Eustfflf nfk 13 khflomrfl 16=3 bhkbrltfza jukbffdl hriakuduf nl eustfflk sjlra nat. k rlifukf f rafhakl bu ablast prhmdlo uroau s sl hbupl slb-

tharldl nl eustffl oprluk bu bhknublrla nlpartaolktldhr hriakldhr lxlbu-tfvl. Nlpartaolktldl nl eustffl nfk rlifukf avlau nrlptud s hriakfzlzl pl dhbbhofsff plktru rladfzarla nlbrltuduf nlsprl slpararla Mfslrfbf fl stat. k sjlra nlabtfvftatl a ablsthr bhofsff oaf fktra f lxpdfbarla bltlkfdhr a klblsftff rljhr-olf rldfifhasl, rladfzarla k vfa a osurfdhr plktru kafhkadfzarla avlrfdhrmfslrfbltf, lxtrailrla rlifstrldhr oltrfbadl f bhkjfsbarla ofedhabldhr mkltf nlda parhgff, prlktopfkarla bazurfdhr nl klsupuklrl nfk partla brlnfkbfhfdhr. kjruktla nlpartaolktuduf plktru slpararla Mfslrfbff nl stat nl pl dki Bhofsarf-atud Eustfflf nfk ]RR\ a jhst kuoft F. Rughpdfulv. Nl supravliglrla abtfvftff hr-

iakfzaffdhr rldfifhasl k \brafka sl hbupau hriakldl anofkfstraflf nl stat5 nl dashvfltldl stltf pk da Z\Z@ ( - ). Nab k ]RJR] brlnfkbfhff nlpuklau blrlrf f eadhml da Rlbrl-tarfatud plktru ajablrfdl budtldhr nl pl dki ZF@, k \brafka brlnfkbfhff slanrlsau bu prhmdloldl bl fk nl nholkfud rldfiffdhr da Srlzfnfud Z\BF@ prfk fk-tlrolnfud Bhofsarfatuduf Ajablrfdhr Fktlrkl.

Nab k ]RJR] Mfslrfba a jhst dfpsft nl statutud nl plrshak eurfnfb prfknlbrltud nfk =2 fakuarfl 1617, aphf k \brafka hriakfzaffdl rldfifhasl nl eurlukakuoft tfop au oaf pstrat ablst statut, prabtfb pk da 1 auiust 16=3, bkn BB

ad SB)(m) nfk \brafka anhpt ghtrrla Nlsprl arohkfzarla prabtfbff dlifsdatfvlnfk ]RR\ f ]RJR] k prfvfka slparrff Mfslrfbff nl stat ( - )=7.

k ablst bhktlxt trlmufl s olkfhko b k \brafka, Nlbrltud nl slpararla Mfslrfbff nl stat f a bhdff nl Mfslrfb a jhst anhptat amfada 16 fakuarfl 1616, buuk ak oaf trzfu nlbt k ]usfa=6.

=9., =3- ., 5

, 1667, .1:.=7., ., (161916=3.), , ,- , 1673, b. 111-119.=6 ---, = (=1) =332,b. >6-


8/12

=16

Hriakfzaffdl rldfifhasl k ]RR\ lrau bhksfnlratl nrlpt ashbfaff partf-budarl f putlau jf jhroatl nl uk kuor ku oaf ofb nl =3 nl plrshakl, far nfkfudfl 16=2 ku oaf pufk nl aprfdfl 16== da Gar`hv, pl dki BB ad SB(m) nfk \brafka ajhst brlat Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas, barl nup akadhifl bu bla nfk ]RJR] uroa snlvfk bhhrnhkathrud prfkbfpad ad duptlf aktfrldfifhasl k \brafka21.

ZA@ ( ? Bhofsfa Aktfrldfif-has a that \brafka) lra uk hriak slbrlt, abblsud da nhbuolktldl f prhthbhadldl

bhofsflf lra dfoftat. Lra fktlrzfs duarla nl khtfl nfk prhthbhadl sau bhpflrlanhbuolktldhr plktru a jf traksofsl adthr plrshakl, ku sl plroftla kfbf obar ssl jab trfoftlrl da nhbuolktldl bhofsflf2=.

Nlf ghtrrla nlsprl kjffkarla ZA@ ablstlfa a jhst duat k 16=3, nljapt ablasta kblpl s abtfvlzl amfa da > fudfl 16==.

Nup jhroarla Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhasl nfk \brafka lstl anhptat ghtr-rla kr. 9< 19 nfk 16 fukfl 16=< a BB ad SB(m) nfk \brafka, prfk barl bhoftltldlrlifhkadl nl partfn sukt hmdfiatl s jhrolzl Bhofsff Aktfrldfifhasl.

k ]ARRO, kb da =2 fakuarfl 16=< da mfrhud rlifhkadlf nl partfn s-a nfsbu-

tat prhmdloa hriakfzrff uklf Bhofsff Aktfrldfifhasl f a blrbuduf AktfrldfifhsBlktrad, barl uroau s sl hbupl nl prhpaiakna aktfrldfifhas.22Bhofsfa Aktf-rldfifhas nfk ]ARRO sl ktrukla nl nhu hrf pl duk, ehfa da hra 13 nfofklaa.Srhthbhdud kr. 1 ad lnfklf ablstlfa natlaz bu 11 jlmruarfl 16=.

Nfk bhophklka ablstlf bhofsff jblau partl5 Rlbrltarud rlifhkadlf nlpartfn, ljud nlpartaolktuduf nl aiftafl f prhpaiakn, ljud HIS\ nfk rlifukl.Bu nrlpt bhksudtatfv k Bhofsfl fktrau ljud nlpartaolktuduf anofkfstratfv f l-jud nlpartaolktuduf budtldhr21, jj. 1-=26, fkv. 1, n. 93, j.


9/12

==3

1. Bhhrnhkarla abtfvftff hriakfzaffdhr barl prhohvlaz phdftfba mfslrf-blasb. Ohkfthrfzarlaprhohvrff bhrlbtl k vfa a phdftfbff ja nl nfjlrftl iru-prf mfslrfbltf.

=. Fkjhroarla nlsprl sftuafa rldfifhas nfk rlifukl. Rtunflrla f krlifstrarla

ofbrfdhr rldfifhasl (lvfnlka bhoukftfdhr rldfifhasl, fkjdulka ablsthra asuprabrlnfkbfhfdhr, olthnldl nl dubru, jfzfhkhofa phdftfb a bhoukftfdhr)2. Ohkfthrfzarla tranublrff k vfa a nfrlbtfvldhr Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhasl

nfk that \brafka2:.k bhkjhroftatl bu nfrlbtfvldl Bhofsflf Aktfrldfifhasl nfk that \brafka

(MA@) Bhofsfa rlifhkad nfk ]ARRO k dukfdl auiust hbthomrfl ad abldufaf akuroa s rladfzlzl urotharldl osurf5

1. Ljlbtuarla ukuf shknae sldlbtfv rljlrfthr da sftuafa rldfifhas k bfkbf dh-badftf nfk ]ARRO.

=. Rtunflrla fkjdulklf phdftfbl a hriakfzaffdhr rldfifhasl asupra phpudaflf.2. Bhktamfdfzarla kuoruduf slbtakfdhr.>. ]lvfzufrla bhophklklf bhknubthrfdhr nlpartaolktldhr budtldhr., nl ablla afbf ku au jhst duaf da lvfnlk sduefthrff budtldhr, f kfbf kua jhst duat sum bhktrhd ofirarla nfk dhb k dhb a bhknubthrfdhr ofbrfdhr rldfif-hasl>3. Ablst dubru uroa s-d rladfzlzl Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas rlifhkad.

2:AHRS]O, J. >6, fkv. 1, n. 93, j. 6, fkv. 1, n. 229, j. 1=.26Fmfnlo.>3Fmfnlo, j. 7.


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==1

Nlslhrf Bhofsffdl Aktfrldfifhasl dhbadl bhoftlau amuzurf ja nl bhoukf-tfdl rldfifhasl. Dubrud ablsta a jhst slsfzat f nl Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas Blktradnfk \brafka, barl loftl h sbrfsharl bfrbudar bu kr. 1> nfk 21 fudfl 16=1.ZA@ k \brafka ba f Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas nfk ]ARR Ohdnhvlklasb f-

au kbltat abtfvftatla k akud 16=6 hnat bu Bhofsfa Aktfrldfifhas nfk ]RJR].Nup ablasta,rladfzarla phdftfbff statuduf ja nl rldfifl lstl pus pl sla-

oa nfjlrfthr fkstftuff splbfadl. Srfktrl ablstla prfoa ar jf Bhofsfaplktru ajabl-rfdl budtldhr rldfifhasl nl pl dki Srlzfnfud F@ ad \]RR (16=6-1627), prfoud hr-iak blktrad ad putlrff shvfltfbl bgloat s rlidlolktlzl rldaffdl nfktrl stat f bud-tldl rldfifhasl. Ablasta a abtfvat k akff 1623 plrfhana nl bla oaf brunf airl-

sfv phdftfb aktfrldfifhas, k tfopud shbfadfsouduf nl bazaro bu uk ofkfouonl nrlpturf plrshkadl plktru bltlkff \]RR>=.Bhofsfa a jhst fkstftuft prfk ghtrrla Srlzfnfuduf ZF@ nfk 7 aprfdfl 16=6

plktru lxaofkarla nfjlrfthr prhmdlol dliatl nl abtfvftatla hriakfzaffdhr rldfifhasl,ldamhrarla bfrbudarldhr plktru bhoftltldl lxlbutfvl dhbadl nlsprl klblsftatla rls-

plbtrff bu strfbtll a ghtrrff aprhmatl nl Srlzfnfud ZF@ nfk 7 aprfdfl 16=6 Nls-prl hriakfzaffdl rldfifhasl f plktru duarla nl osurf klblsarl k vlnlrla rlsplb-trff dlifdhr f rliudfdhr da fophzftarla sduefthrfdhr budtldhr rldfifhasl>2.

Bhofsfa plktru ajablrfdl budtldhr rldfifhasl nl pl dki Srlzfnfud ZF@ ad

\]RR ( ) a jhst bhknus da kblput nl S. I. Rofnhvfbf, far nup ohartla ablstufa, nfkoaf 162>.

>1AHRS]O, J. >6, fkv. 1, n. 229, j. 1=.. , =3-23- . .5 - , // - 5 . >. , , ,=339, b. 27=, 27>.>2 7 16=6 . // -

. 1619-16>1. . .. ..,.,- . ,166:, b =>. . , , =337, . 21=, :, 1:=-1:2.


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===

Rtatutud nl jukbfhkarl a Bhofsflf k badftatl nl hriak ad Srlzfnfuduf ZF@k jukbffdl brufa fktra bhknublrla f supravliglrla fopdlolktrff bhrlbtl kvfa a phdftfbff partfnuduf f iuvlrkuduf k nholkfud apdfbrff dlifsdaflf budtl-dhr, a jhst anhptat k 1621.>< ^ht atukbf au jhst nltlrofkatl f sarbfkfdl pusl

pl slaoa Bhofsflf, prfktrl barl ldamhrarla f lxaofkarla prldfofkar a prhflbtldhrabtldhr dlifsdatfvl f ghtrrfdhr k prhmdlol nfk nholkfud budtldhr rldfifhasl>:.Ljhrturfdl Bhofsflf nl a bhkdubra f a sl aprhpfa nl Bhoftltldhr Lxlbutfvl

adl rlpumdfbfdhr ukfhkadl k vlnlrla ldamhrrff ukhr phzfff bhoukl k nholkfudrldfiffdhr ku s-a shdnat bu rlzudtatldl atlptatl>9.Nfk ablstl ohtfvl Bhofsfa nl oafoudtl hrf s-a anrlsat k Srlzfnfud F@ ad \]RR bu prhpuklrla nl abbldlrarl plktrulnftarla dlifsdaflf shvfltfbl ukfhkadl nlsprl budtl, s jfl ldamhrat h fkstrubfuklrljlrfthr da utfdfzarla basldhr nl ruibfukl f thatl ablstla s jfl pumdfbatl ktr-ukmudltfk splbfad>7. Slktru a urilkta aparffa ablstuf mudltfk, Bhofsfa k lnfka nfk

=7 fakuarfl 162: bgfar a sfstat lxaofkarla ukhr nhsarl trfofsl nfk ]RR \brafkla-k f ]RR Mldhrus bl fklau nl kbgfnlrla basldhr nl ruibfukl, pk da anhptarladlifsdaflf ukfhkadl nlsprl budtl f a Rtatutuduf Bhofsflf ukfhkadl>6.

ks partfnud avla adt pukbt nl vlnlrl. k tfop bl Bhofsfa pdlna plktruldamhrarla uklf dlifsdaff ukfhkadl nlsprl budtl, abtfvud nl partfn fksfsta asupraklblsftff dfbgfnrff thtadl a dlifsdaflf nlsprl budtl6.>:Fmfnlo, b. =>7.>9.. , ...,, b. >3:->39.>7. ., ()

1623- . // , =311, 6, 1


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==2

tldhr. Fkstftuff nl jldud ablsta k plrfhana fktlrmldfb ku au oaf lxfstat k \]RR,blla bl kl plroftl s vhrmfo nlsprl h fophrtak nlhslmft a A]@ plktru bhk-nublrla shvfltfb f nl partfn k phdftfba bhkjlsfhkad a statuduf.

Ruooary^gfs artfbdl fs nlnfbatln th Aktfrldfifhus Bhoofssfhk, hkl hj bhophklkts hj

pumdfb autghrftfls abgflvln fk dfjl rldfifhus phdfbfls hj Rhvflt statl fk tgl ylars

16==-16=6.

Nurfki tgfs plrfhn fk tgl \RR] tglrl wlrl tgrll irhups hj bhurts akxfhus jhr

tgl rldfifhus nlkhofkatfhks abtfvfty5

^gl jfrst irhup was oanl up hj bhurts bhkblrkln amhut wftg tgl tlbgkfbad

part hj oa`fki hj tgl Rhvflt dlifsdatfhk hk rldfifhus nlkhofkatfhks0 tglsl bhurts

wlrl lophwlrln th rlifstlr hr th ta`l hut hj rlifstratfhk hj tgl rldfifhus bhoou-

kftfls, th traksoft fkth tgl usl tgl bgurbg mufdnfkis akn htglr strubturls (Nlpar-tolkts hj budts wftg tgl rlpumdfbak, prhvfkbfad hr nfstrfbt lxlbutfki ailkbfls)

^gl slbhkn irhup tgat wlrl tgl fkstftutfhks wgfbg nlvldhpln rldfifhus ph-

dfby hj tgl statl, wlrl lxaofkfki dlifsdatfvl abts wgfbg wlrl th ml anhptln my tgl

bhurts dlifsdatfvl, lxlbutfvl mhnfls blrtafk nlbfsfhks rldatfki th tgl rlifstratfhk akn

dfqufnatfhk hj rldfifhus bhooukftfls (Fktlrnlpartolktad bhoofssfhk wftg tgl bho-

ofssarfat hj tgl eustfbl (1617), 7tg nlpartolkt hj Bhoofssarfat hj tgl Eustfbl

(1617-16==), Aktfrldfifhus bhoofssfhk (16==-16=6)0

^gl tgfrn irhup was oanl up hj bhurts gldn mhtg lophwlrfki5 th rlifstlr

hr th ta`l hut hj rlifstratfhk tgl rldfifhus bhooukftfls, gavl staknarnfzln hk dlif-sdatfvl abts rliarnfki tgl abtfvfty hj tgl rldfifhus budts (^gl Bhoofssfhk jhr rldf-

ifhus nlkhofkatfhks, lstamdfsgln at tgl Srlzfnfuo hj ZF@ ]RJR] (16=6-162>),

akn tgl htglr hkl wgfbg mhrl tgl saol kaol, hkdy tgat hplratl fk annftfhk th prl-

sfnfuo hj ^F@ \RR] (162>-1627)0 Bhukbfd hj Slhpdls' Bhoofssars5 ukfhk akn rl-

pumdfb0 gl Ruprlol Rhvflt5 ukfhk akn rlpumdfb (1627-16>2).

Nurfki tgfs plrfhn tglrl was a irlat nfvlrsfty fk tgl bhurts wgh abgflvln

rldfifhus phdfbfls hj tgl statl, wgat was ihfki th amusls hj rldfifhus nlkhofkatfhks,

fk tgl Rhvflt \kfhk. Hkdy fk tgl ylar hj 16>2 ak attlopt was oanl th ukfjy bhurts

rlsphksfmdl jhr rldatfhks mltwllk tgl statl akn rldfifhus nlkhofkatfhks, wglk tglBhukbfd jhr prhmdlos hj ]ussfak Hrtghnhx Bgurbg, akn fk ylar hj 16>> tgl Bhukbfd

jhr tgl prhmdlos hj rldfifhus nlkhofkatfhks wlrl brlatln.

J\^LF Kfbhdal

.,Comisia Antireligioasă" şi promovarea politicilor confesionale tn URSS (1922-1929)

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Transcript of .,Comisia Antireligioasă" şi promovarea politicilor confesionale tn URSS (1922-1929)