articol

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ﻣﺠﻠﻪ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه دﻧﺪان ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، دوره5 ، ﺷﻤﺎره2 ، ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن1388 107 ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺻﻮرت در داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان21 - 16 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺎ اﻛﻠﻮژن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ دﻛﺘﺮ ﺑﺮاﺗﻌﻠﻲ رﻣﻀﺎن زاده1 ، دﻛﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﺮﻳﻤﻲ2 ، دﻛﺘﺮ ﺳﻮده ﻃﻬﻤﺎﺳﺒﻲ* * اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر ﮔﺮوه ارﺗﻮدﻧﺴﻲ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه دﻧﺪاﻧﭙﺰﺷﻜﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺷﻬﻴﺪ ﺑﻬﺸﺘﻲ) ﻣﺆﻟﻒ ﻣﺴﺆول( [email protected] 1 : داﻧﺸﻴﺎر ﮔﺮوه ارﺗﻮدﻧﺴﻲ و ﻋﻀﻮ ﻣﺮﻛﺮ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت داﻧﺸﻜﺪه دﻧﺪان ﭘﺮﺷﻜﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ2 : دﻧﺪاﻧﭙﺮﺷﻚ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ2 / 2 / 88 ﺑﻪ دﻓﺘﺮ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ رﺳﻴﺪه، در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ13 / 3 / 88 اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه و در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ26 / 3 / 88 ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ ﮔﺮ دﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺠﻠﻪ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه دﻧﺪان ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن1388 : 5 ) 2 ( : 107 ﺗﺎ113 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻮﻣﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺻﻮرت در داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮزان21 - 16 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ داراي اﻛﻠﻮژن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﻲ از ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﻟﺘﺮال59 داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮز ﺑ ﺎ اﻛﻠﻮژن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ و ﺑﺪون ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ارﺗﻮدﻧﺴﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ30 دﺧﺘﺮ و29 ﭘﺴﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺳﻨﻲ1 / 17 ﺳﺎل، ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺑﺨﺶ ارﺗﻮدﻧﺴﻲ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه دﻧﺪان ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻛﺮﻣﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. 4 اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي زاوﻳﻪ اي و10 اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺧﻄﻲ از آﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰﻫﺎيHoldaway ، Ricketts وSubtenly ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺑﻪ ﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در دﺧﺘﺮان و ﭘﺴﺮان ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ و ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎريt ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري05 / 0 و ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارSPSS12 ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ دﺧﺘﺮان ﺑﺎ ﭘﺴﺮان، ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ" زاوﻳﻪ ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم" ، " ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪno H- line " و" ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻟﺐ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﺎE-line " ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري در دﺧﺘﺮان ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد؛ ﺿﻤﻦ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ" ﺿﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﻟﺐ ﺑﺎﻻ" و" ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﻜﻮس ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺎH-line " در ﭘﺴﺮان اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد) 05 / 0 < p value .( در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎيHoldaway ، 6 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ در ﭘﺴﺮان و5 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ در دﺧﺘﺮ ان اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﻟﺐ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﺤﺪب ﺻﻮرت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎيRicketts وSubtenly ﻧﻴﺰ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي: در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﭘﺴﺮان ﺑﺎ دﺧﺘﺮان، ﭘﺴﺮان ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺐ ﻫﺎي ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﺗﺮ و ﭼﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻘﺐ ﺗﺮي دارﻧﺪ. در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎ يHoldaway ، ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﺎ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺤﺪب ﺗﺮ و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﭼﺎﻧﻪ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﺗﺮي دارﻧﺪ. ﻛﻠﻴﺪ واژه ﻫﺎ: ﺳﻔﺎﻟﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﻟﺘﺮال، ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﺮم ﺻﻮرت، اﻛﻠﻮژن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ. www.mui.ac.ir

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  • 107 1388 2 5

    16-21

    * 2 1

    *

    ) ( [email protected]

    : 1

    : 2

    2/2/88

    13/3/88

    . 26/3/88

    113 107: )2(5: 1388

    :

    . 16- 21

    59 :

    1/17 29 30

    10 4.

    Subtenly Holdaway Ricketts

    .

    05/0 t

    SPSS12 .

    -H no " " " :

    line" "E-line"

    "H-line " " "

    )05/0 < p value .( Holdaway 6 5

    .

    . Subtenly Ricketts

    :

    Holdaway .

    .

    . :

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  • 1388 2 5 108

    . -

    ].1[

    ]Ricketts]2

    Holdaway]3[ Burstone]4[ .

    .

    ]7-9[ ]6[ ]5[

    ]16[ ]14 15[ ]9-13[

    .

    .

    ]17[

    11-14

    .

    ]18[

    . Steiner Tweed

    .

    62 ]19[ Al Taki

    Holdaway .

    H Holdaway

    .

    .

    ) cross sectional(

    59

    1/17 29 30

    . 21-16

    ) Multi-stage random sampling(

    ) 2160 2285( 4445

    73

    ].20[

    :

    CL I -1

    crowding spacing -2

    crowding

    -3

    -4

    -5

    -6

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  • 109 1388 2 5

    .

    .Ceph. plan Meca, D.R(

    1994. Type P.M. 2002, Helsinki, Finland(

    KV 80 MA 12 .

    trace .

    Subnasal Orbital Porion

    .

    8 6

    10 4

    ]Subtenly]21 ]Holdaway]3[ Ricketts]2

    ). 3 2 1 (

    .1

    1- SN

    -2

    3- Facial Plane

    4- Facial Plane

    5- H-Line

    6- E-Line

    7- Ls-FHP

    .2

    - Soft-tissue facial angle - H-angle - Facial Convexity 4 - Total Faqcial Convexity angle

    .3

    - Nose Prominence

    - Upper Lip Sulcus

    - Subnasal to H-Line

    - Upper Lip thickness

    - Lower Lip to H-Line

    - Inferior Sulcus to H-Line

    - Soft-tissue chin thickness

    - no to H-Line

    - Ls to E-Line

    - Li to E-Line

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  • 1388 2 5 110

    05/0 t

    . SPSS12 .

    Method errors 15

    45

    Dahlberg ME

    ) 2E d =Me ( . 2n

    .

    .

    % 95

    Holdaway Ricketts

    Subtenly 1 .

    . 4

    .1

    P value

    024/0* 1/3 5/91 2/3 4/93 Soft-tissue facial angle 0845/0 1/2 9/17 2 7/17 Nose prominence 0825/0 6/1 4 3/1 1/4 Upper Lip sulcus depth 092/0 3/3 4/6 2/2 2/5 Soft- tissue subnasal to H-line

    001/0

  • 111 1388 2 5

    Ricketts .3 Ricketts

    3 -2 7/4 * 3 Upper Lip to E-Line 2 -1 8/1 7/0 * Lower Lip to E-Line

    * p value < 05/0

    Subtenly .4

    Subtenly

    161 161 5/161 2/159 Facial convexity angle

    133 137 2/131* 4/130** Total Facial convexity angle

    * p value < / ** p value < /

    .

    .

    .

    5

    Soft-tissue( . )1 (

    facial angle( 4/93

    5/91

    ). p value= 024/0(

    ]22[ Mauchamp ]Subtenly]21

    ]16[ Basciftci .

    .

    Al-Taki .

    Basciftci ] 19[

    ] 16[

    -Al .

    Taki ]19[

    .

    .

    ) p value > 001/0(

    E-Line

    ).p value = 008/0(

    . ]19[ Al-Taki

    -

    ]14[

    ]16[

    .

    H )Inferior

    sulcus to H-line ( ) 6(

    )p value= 012/0( ) 9/4(

    ]19[ Al-Taki

    ] 16[ Basciftci

    .

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  • 1388 2 5 112

    Holdaway

    5 6

    Holdaway

    2 ]16[ ).2 (

    Holdaway

    .

    )H )H angle

    2/17 9/4 3/15 5/3

    10

    . Holdaway 7-14

    H ]19[ Al-Taki

    . Holdaway

    ]18[

    . Steiner Tweed

    H

    . ]18[ 7/17 88/2

    ) 4/13(

    Holdaway Al-Taki

    Basciftci ] 19[

    . ]16[

    .

    Holdaway

    Holdaway

    .

    E-Line

    Ricketts

    (

    ]14[ Hwang ). 3

    E-line

    . -

    ]Subtenly]21

    Subtenly

    Holdaway ) 4 (

    .

    ]17[

    E-line H-line

    .

    :

    3-6 ) 1

    .

    ) 2

    ) 3

    ) 4

    :

    . -

    -

    .

    Holdaway -

    .

    Ricketts -

    .

    Subtenly -

    .

    .

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  • 113 1388 2 5

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    14. Hwang HS, Kim WS, McNamara JA, Jr .Ethnic differences in the soft tissue profile of Korean and European-American adults with normal occlusions and well-balanced faces. Angle Orthod 2002; 72(1): 72-80.

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    16. Basciftci FA, Uysal T, Buyukerkmen A. Determination of Holdaway soft tissue norms in Anatolian Turkish adults. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003; 123(4): 395-400.

    17. Haj Seyed Javadi H, Riaz Davudi P. Cephalometric evaluation of facial soft tissue in students of Tehran guidance schools with normal occlusion. [Thesis]. Tehran: School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; 1988.

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    19. Taki AA, Oguz F, Abuhijleh E. Facial soft tissue values in Persian adults with normal occlusion and well-balanced faces. Angle Orthod 2009; 79(3): 491-4.

    20. Ramazan Zadeh BA, Shahabi N. Determination of hard tissue cephalometric standards in 16-21 year old Kermanian students with normal occlusion. Journal of Dental School 1999; 17(1): 24-30.

    21. Subtelny JD. A longitudinal study of soft tissue facial structures and their profile characteristics, defined in relation to underlying skeletal structures. Am J Orthod 1959; 45(7): 481-507.

    22. Mauchamp O, Sassouni V. Growth and prediction of the skeletal and soft-tissue profiles. Am J Orthod 1973; 64(1): 83-94.

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  • Cephalometric evaluation of facial soft tisssue in 16-21 years old students with normal occlusion in Kerman

    Barat Ali Ramazanzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Sotodeh Tahmasbi *

    Abstract Introduction: The aim of the present study was to cephalometric evaluation of facial soft tissue facial profile for 16-21 years old students of Kerman with normal occlusion. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we utilized 59 lateral cephalometric radiographs of 30 girls and 29 boys with mean age of 17.1 years and normal occlusion from Kerman department of orthodontics. Four angular and 10 linear measurements from Holdaway, Ricketts and Subtenly analyses were used to evaluate soft tissue profile. Mean values were utilized to compare girls and boys with each other and with similar studies by t-test using SPSS 12 ( = 0.05). Results: In comparison of girls with boys, soft tissue facial angle, no to H-line and upper lip to Eline were significantly increased in Kermanian girls compared with Kermanian boys; while in boys, upper lip thickness and inferior sulcus to H-line were larger (p