97642128-Masuri-de-Prevenire-a-Fraudelor-Cu-Carduri-Bancare.doc

8/19/2019 97642128-Masuri-de-Prevenire-a-Fraudelor-Cu-Carduri-Bancare.doc

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UNIVERSITATEA DIN ORADEA

FACULTATEA DE ŞTIINŢE ECONOMICE

MASTERAT FINANTE- BANCI-ASIGURARI ANUL II

MĂSURI DE PREVENIRE A FRAUDELOR CU

CARDURI BANCARE

Profesor coordon!or" Ms!ernd"

CORNELIU BENTE

ORADEA# $%%&

1



CUPRINS"

1) DOMENIUL ŞI PROBLEMA DE CERCETAT

2) REFERINŢE BIBLIOGRAFICE

3) IDENTIFICAREA ŞI LISTAREA PRINCIPALELOR IDEI LEGATE DE

PROBLEMA DE CERCETARE PROPUSĂ

4) FORMULAREA UNEI IPOTEZE, A UNEI SOLUŢII POSIBILE LA

PROBLEMA DE REZOLVAT

5) DENUMIREA TEMEI DE CERCETARE

6) SCOPUL ŞI OBIECTIVELE CERCETĂRII

) CONSTRUIREA PLANULUI DE CERCETARE

!) STABILIREA STRATEGIEI DE CERCETARE

") ELEMENTE ALE UNEI PROCEDURI DE VALIDARE A

PROIECTULUI DE CERCETARE ŞI A REZULTATELOR CE VOR FI

OBŢINUTE

1#)CONCLUZII

ANE$E

2



MĂSURI DE PREVENIRE A FRAUDELOR

CU CARDURI BANCARE

'( DOMENIUL ŞI PROBLEMA DE CERCETAT

F%&'(%& & *+*%&-. /0(+, * %/% & /0(' & &(*0 * *7*&/0 %8&''90 0

:0 * *+*%&%&-%0 0&0700 * ' '(&0*% 0700;*.< C* *+.. ' (*0 ( **%

&0 *%7.* ,,0&/(%&== % 0%&0*% %'&'(0. :0 /'0*. * +%/'*&%0 & '0% 9+ *%

+*0. %&'*:%%* :0 0&%%&'*:%%* 0&070*0.-00<

C'&>'( R%9*(%&0 BNR & 6 ? 2##6 +070& %(0%%* :0 00;*%* 0&/(%&%'

% +*. %%'&0. :0 %*-00% 0&% +*00+*&-00 * *&;*-00% *%/% 0&/(%&%,*%*

% %0 /* *%* % +*., %&(0. '&>'( +*000 0&%&*-0'&*% @ * %+%;0&. &

0&/(%& % +*. %%'&0., %/+%07 & /+' % 0&>'(*-0% /*&*0;*, /%0;* :0

0&070*0;*, *% +%(0% %-0&.'0 /. /. >''/%*/. 0/+'&000.-0% .&%:0 +'+00

0&& '& %/80/ +% &(%% /. * %(0%& *0 :0?/* /. 00;%;% ' 0&0% % %0, &

0(0* &0 +*>'& /*00 & +%**0, %/80/. % %(0%& & >*7'*%* %-0&.'0 *0,

& 7%%%* %>%.00 &%0* /* (*0 ('* 0&% (.'*%% '+%*-0&0

*) %*9%%* /* %+&%%* % &(%* % * %(0&*% +%( 0/00'*%% % &(%*

:0?/* ATM, % * 980:%%% %(0%&0?0&/0-0%0 *%+*&% /* % * /%0 &%0 0&/0-00,'09*. +0& '&* /. *%+% 0&/(%& % +*. %%'&0., %/+%07% &.*%* :0

%/.*%* &0.-0' 7*'0% & *; ('&%%0 %%'&0%

) +** &0' *80;0-0'&*% :0?/* /%7000' +%/*% % '(%0*&-00 *%+*&-0 :0?/*

%(0%&-0 % %%(+, +** /%7000' +%/*% % '(+*&00 & '(%&0 %%>'&0%0 ('0%,

>0%, *&/(0/00 % *%, /%7000 % %%70;0&% :0 0&%&% /* % .% *-0 >&0;'0 % 00.-0),

+%( :0 +** '09*-00' .% *'0.-0% *(0&0/*-0%0 +0%, %+%;%&& 0(+';0%,

*%, *(%&;0, +%&*0.-0 %<, +0& 0&%(%0 0(+0&%%', %(0&*%' POS, ATM /* +0&

*% (%00 %%'&0%

) *&/>%0% % >'&0<

3



Pro)*e+

F** * * %7%&0 ' 0&/0% & R'(&0*< Z0&0 %+%;%&*&-00 .&0' /%

&&%/ *+'0(*07 2# % &%.0 % >**% * '&0' % *< N '*% *%/%

&%.0 % >**% * *7 /%/, * * >'/ :0 *;0 & /* 00* *H' *%/'

*0, (*, :0 /(% % *+'*+% 5## (00'*&% %0 7%80<I&/+%'* G%&%* * P'0-0%0 R'(&% IGP), +0& 09** +%& C'(*%%*

C0(%0 O9*&0;*%, * '&/** . >*%% *0 %/ %+'&%&-0*, &%90/&/% 80*

:0 *;0 & *% '(&00 /& %+0/*-0 '(0-& */>% % >*% * *&'(*% % +% %0'0

U&0&00 E'+%&%< & /%+%(0% 2##4 /* '&/** 23# % */>% % 0&>*-0&0, & /%+%(0%

2##5 256 % 0&>*-0&0, 0* & 0*&*0% 2## !3 % 0&>*-0&0< N(. +%/'*&%'

*%/*% * %/ /+%*'/ % * 12 & /%+%(0% 2##4 * 132 & 0*&*0% 2##<

C'&>'( *+'*%' IGP, /% %(*. ' %&0&-. % /+%0*0;*% * 0&>*'0', (*0 *%/ 0&

+& % 7%%% %8&0, *+.& &'0 ('0 % '+%*% 00*-00 >*'*/%, >''/0% % /0%0

>*/% % %/'J, /0%0 % *&/+', /0%0 % '(%- %%'&0, */&%%* (%' +0&

0&%&% :0 * 000 +'/0 >0&*&0*<

$( REFERINŢE BIBLIOGRAFICE

1< A0&* S*%*&, R** B*&%*&, @Cele mai noi metode de furat bani de pe

carduri, Z0* A%7., %0-0* 0& 26<#4<2##4

2< B*&* C*+*0*, @ Buletin trimestrial privind fraudele prin carduri-trimestrul II 2007”

3< B*K *K% :0 '%07, @ Băncile şi operaţiunile bancare, E0* E'&'(0.,

B%:0, 1""6

4< B% M<, P**/807 D<, C'(.&%/ A<M< @Tranzacţii pe internet”, E0* E'&'(0.,

B%:0, 1""6

5< B%&-% C'&%0, !estiunea şi Contabilitatea instituţiilor de credit”, E0*

U&07%/0.-00 0& O*%*, 2##!6< B'9*& P'+%/, @ "rauda cu cardul a devenit o industrie #n $om%nia” B*&0&9 N%J/

+0* & #1<#3<2##6

< B C0/0&*, Comerţul electronic”& E0* ASE B%:0 2##2

!< C%;* B*/&', N0'*% D**, @'peraţiuni bancare”&E0* D0*0. :0 P%*9'90.,

B%:0, 1""6

4



"< C'&/*&0& R'*, @ (ana)ementul performanţei bancare”&E0* E+%, 2###

1#< C'/0& C< 00-%/, E(00*& M< D'%/, @ (oneda- mică enciclopedie” E0*

E&0'+%0., B%:0, 1""!

11< D*& V*/0*8%, *lăţi electronice”& E0* R'/%0, B%:0 2##4

12< D*&0%* Z.+'%*&, @ (onedă şi credit-Instituţii monetare şi de credit , E0*U&07%/0.-00 0& O*%*, 2##5

13< D0&9* E(0, +espre economia coruptibilităţii şi fraudei, $eflecţii economice”

V'( II, B%:0, 2##2

14< G8%'98% D< B0/0%*&, M<N< A'080%0, @ "ianţele a)enţilor economici”& E0*

E'&'(0. , B%:0, 2##1

15< G8%'980 D<, *&9%%/ A< Combaterea fraudelor cu carduri- aspecte teoretici şi

practice”& E0* C<N I(+0(%0* N*-0'&*., B%:0, 2##6

16< G80:% B*&*, @Cum să ne ferim de oţii de carduri”, +0* & #!<#2<2##6

1< I'& N0-, (ana)ementul riscului bancar”& E0* E+%, 2###

1!< I'/0> %%: G*7*, 'r)anizarea şi operaţiunile băncilor”&E0* O0;'&0

U&07%/0*%, T0(0:'**, 2##3

1"< L%70 M08*%, *revenirea fraudelor”&E0* D*'; ,1""5

2#< M*0* R.%/, @.apte băcăuani arestaţi pentru fraude pe carduri” Z0* G*0*&

+0* & 2"< #2<2##!

21< M*0/ G*, @Cum să vă feriţi de fraudele bancare” J<J<J<*&00 &':0<'22< M%0&%/ I<, T*0*& I<, @ Investi)aţii financiare #n domeniul spălării banilor”E0*

I(+0(%0* N*-0'&*., B%:0, 2##4

23< N./*/% F<, T0('>% C<, Tenolo)ia afacerilor pe internet” E0* ASE, B%:0,

2##4

24< N0'*% D**, T%''* B*, (onedă& bănci şi politici monetare”E0*

D0*0. :0 P%*9'90., B%:0, 2##5

25< O+0-%/ M< :0 '%07, @ (onedă şi credit- teorie şi practică” E0* U&07%/0.-00

C*0'7*, 1""!

26< P*00 V<,:0 '%07, @/ecuritatea comerţului electronic”&E0* ALL, 2##1

2< R* P'+%/, C0/0*& T'*&%*, F'0& B%% @ Cardul instrument modern de

plată”, E0* T0&* E'&'(0., B%:0, 1""!

2!< R%70/* C*+0*, @Cu ceasul şi cu telefonul mobil la *'/”E0-0* 0& #1<2##!

2"< R%70/* C*+0*, @ *ariu pe un milion de carduri” E0-0* 0& #1<2##!

5



3#< E*%* 00;*'0' % 0&/(%&% % +** 0& %%* % +07%/% ('*0*0% %

+'%H*% 0(+'07* >*%'

31<

32< R%70/* E'&'(0., @Cardurile cu cip& o armă eficientă #mpotriva fraudelor bancare” ,

E0-0* 0& #!<2##633< R%70/* F0&*&-% B.&0 A/09.0, Cardul bancar”&E0-0* 0& 0*&*0% 2##6

34< R%70/* F0&*&-% B.&0 A/09.0, @ "rauda cu carduri la automatele bancare”,%

P%*: D<, N<6 A& $

35< R%70/* F0&*&-% P0% :0 C'&*00*%, A& $I$, N 1, 0*&*0% 2##!, S+0(%&

L%90/*07

36< R%70/* P0*-* F0&*&0*., @ Bi) Broter de pe card”, D%%(0% 2##6

3< R%70/* P0*-* F0&*&0*., @/pălarea banilor sub lupă”, F%*0% 2##

3!< R%70/* T0&* C*/0( A& IV<,N<2?2##6, F'&*' R':* C'&/*&0&

3"< R'0& L(0&0-*, !estiunea riscurilor bancare”, E0* D0*0. :0 P%*9'90.,

B%:0

4#< Ş%*& B/, @ "rauda pe cardurile cu cip”&Z0* C'00*& 0& 1<#3<2##!

41< T0&* E'&'(0., @ *e urmele acerilor rom%ni, N<1, 2##!

42< V*/0% D%, @ (ana)ement bancar E0* M'&*&, B%:0, 1""

43< V'0 C< S*& F<, D*/. I<, @ "rauda #n domeniul financiar bancar”, E0* T%0,

B%:0 , 1""!44< Z0* F0&*&0*, @ "urturile cu şi de pe carduri #n evidenţe la B1$”, % R.;7*&

V'0*&

45< Z0* F0&*&0*, @ *rocedurile pe carduri lasă looc pentru fraude”& % L070* C80< 0&

12<#3<2##!

46< Z0* F0&*&0*, @Tentativă de furt de date #mpotriva clienţilor $aiffeisen” , E0-0% 0&

#<#3<2##!

4< Z0* F0&*&0*, M%0*>* A&&* R%+', 2##6

4!< JJJ<%>**<'

4"< JJJ<+'%/'<'

5#< JJJ<BKREV<'

51< JJJ<&<'

52< JJJ<28'&%J/<'

53< JJJ<"*(<'<

6

http://www.efrauda.ro/

http://www.procesor.ro/

http://www.byrev.ro/

http://www.bnr.ro/

http://www.2hotnews.ro/

http://www.9am.ro/

http://www.efrauda.ro/

http://www.procesor.ro/

http://www.byrev.ro/

http://www.bnr.ro/

http://www.2hotnews.ro/

http://www.9am.ro/



,( IDENTIFICAREA ŞI LISTAREA PRINCIPALELOR IDEI LEGATE

DE PROBLEMA DE CERCETARE PROPUSĂ

C( &% +%( +'%H* % /0*-0* %%( % &%+.. % * &% %;0 >.. *&0 +%

+'+0 *, +% *% :0( . '(*0 &%* >'/ 70* /**0 E/% ' &%*% +% *% :0' +&

' (*0 (-0 '(&0 *7& & 7%%% ., % * *& * *&, & R'(&0* /% &(-%/ +'/%/'00 %

*< A%*/. %7'-0% 0(+0. :0 & */+% &%9*07 R'(&0* %70&% ' (*0 **07. +%&

8'-00 % *&0 % +% *0, *% & 0(* 7%(% * '7*. % ' 0(*90&*-0% %'/%0. & *

%/'+%0 &'0 (%'% % >**%< P%& '&***%* *%/%0 %&0&-% '(+*&00% 0&

'(%&0 *0' (+%&. .&0% +%9.%/ :0 +'+*0;%*;. &'0 ('*0.-0 %

+%7%&0% * >*%' :0 % +'%H*% * %-0&.'0' % *0< C* %/% 7&* +0& '*%(0H'*%% +'/00%< O0&% +.0-0 % %0/. 0/ * 0&%7* /. >% 0&>'(*-00 +%-0'*/% :0

/. %* '70*< E0/. %7* (%'% >''/0% & (' >%7%& +%& >**%* *0'<

Metoda „Skimming”.

D*'0. %7'-0%0 %8&''900' *&*%, * * %7%&0 & 0&/(%& >'*% 00;* +%&

+** (+..0' , * %/% 0&% % :0 >*+ ., *&0 & '%:0 /. +.%:0

(+..0% *, 7&;.' +'*% %% +0&& 0/+';007 /+%0* *%0%:% 0&>'(*-00% % *;.< A%*/. (%'. @*/0. % >**% /% &(%:%

/0((0&9 .

Metoda „Phishing”.

P'%% % '-0&%% * *%' +%/'&*% % +% & * &'/ / %&(0%* % @+80/80&9

%/% ' (*0 %/ &&0. +% %0'0 -.00 &'*/%< D%/ 00;*. %/% (%'* %.00 &0 /0%

J%, ' *+*%&-. % /%0';0*% &%'0 ' '+0% >0%. * &' J%/0%0 >'*% &'/%),

% +%>%0&-. J%/0%0 >0&*&0*%, +0& *% /% /'00. ' /%0% % *% +0&% *% :0 '

PIN< F** /% 7* +%%% && ('(%& %0' +0& 00;*%* *%' +%/'&*% % +%

* '+0* >0% * (+..0 +% I&%&%, >0% +0& >*0*%* &0 * '&. * %*9%%* %

&(%* /* * (+..0 & (*9*;0&%<2, +1Q< @ stfel #n ultimele două luni au fost atacate



nu mai puţin de opt bănci importante printre care B$+& Bancpost&Credit 3urope Ban&

*iraeus Ban şi Banca $om%nească”2#,+1Q

Clonarea cardurilor.

S% >*% +0& 0&%(%0 &' 00'*% % * :0 *(%% ('&*% % 8'-0 * ATM0%

.&0'< E80+*(%& >''/0 +%& * >* &(. *0 :0 PIN %/% & (' 0&9%&0'/

(*/* +%& * *.* %* * & ATM &'(*< U& 0/+';007 %/% ('&* & ' &% /%

0&'% * , *%/* %0&% &(. *0 :0 *&/(0% 8'-0'< I& *%*-0 0(+ '

*(%. J0%%// (*/*. % & /+' +%& +0*&% %/% ('&*. :0 +';0-0'&*. */>% & /.

+'*. >0(* 0&'%%* '0 PIN< '-00 '+0*;. *%% *0 :0 >''/%/ ' PIN

+%& * %*9% /(% (*0 0& '&0% 0%&-0' && 0(+ >'*% /, 0% % * ATM

.&00< 4ntotdeauna c%nd vei mer)e la bancomat să #ţi retra)i banii& 0.% 0&% * *+**<

T*/** %0% /. >0% 0&% >0*., 0* >*&* & *% /% 0&'% * & %0% /. /% (0:%<

D*. %0/. */>% % &%%90 *&'(* * +%* /. >0% ('0>0*<

Bancomatul fantomă <

A%/* %/% %*0;* & *:* >% & /. /%(%&% >'*% 0&% %% >''/0% % .&0%

'(%0*%, 80* :0 (%&0 *&'(*0 %/% 0%&0 & '090&*< V00(* +. % :00&'%* * & *&'(*, /%%* 0(* % 00;*%, 0&'%* ' % /%0*% :0 '+*

+%& %*9%%* % &(%*, & *% ('(%&, +% %*& *+.%* (%/*H . *&;*-0* & +'*%

*7%* ' 0& ('07% %8&0%< &% 0(+ *H' '(+%0 %* '+0*% :0 (%('*%

*%% +070& '& :0 ' % /%0*% *% *0< '-00 >''/%/ *%/% *% +%& *

'&* *0% 700(%', *% * *%%*:0 %%(%&% % 0%&0>0*% * :0 %% '090&*% 0*

'&0% *%/*% +0& *0% '&. /& 9'0% % *&0< & 2##5 & */>% % *&'(* *

>'/ 9'0% '&0% * ;%0 % %:%&0 0* /(* /* 00* * %7* /% % (00''*&% % %0

7%80< 15, + 1Q<

Aflarea PIN-ului cu sensori sonori

O *. (%'. % //*9%% * *%' % +% *0, >''/0. % 0&>*'0 %/% &'0%*

(0&0*(%%' 70%', *(+*/*% * *&'(*% *% &%90/%*;. +'/%/'00 *0' &

!



('(%& */.00 PIN0 /0/%(% % /%&/'0 /'&'0, *+*0% /. 0%&0>0% */* *+./*.

+. /&% +'/< C *H' &0 */>% % 0/+';007 090* /%(&* /+%0* *

*'(*0 *&* 0%:% :0 *%+. *0% *&*% * /*-00% % *0(%&*% '(/00<

Alte categorii de fraude din domeniul ancar

00;*%* *0' >*% % * +'+0%*0 /* +0%% % *%:0*

/+*9%%* *;%' % *% *% .&0'% :0 '+%*%* 0%. & '&0% *&*% *%

0%&-0'

*+0*%* +%& & * % .% ' *. +%/'*&. % +%/'*&* & &(%% .%0*

(%*;. * >0 %0%* * *+0*% /* >.. *' *%/%0*) +%& * *+'0 '+%*%* &

'& &' %* /. /% %*0;%;% % *%%*:0 %-. +%/'*&., '0&%%/& *%7.* +'/%/' /*

>.. *' *%/0*

%0/%&-* &' *:*;0/% '(+*&00 *% '>%. '&*'/ +'/000*%* @*(%0'.00

0&>'(*-00' &%9*07% 0& +& % 7%%% >0&*&0* %0/%&% %/+% & 0&070 & *;* % *%

* .&0', & 7%%%* >*00.00 *'.00 %0%'

%0/%&-* &' *:*;0:0 '%0 /* 0&%(%0*0 *%, '&* &%0 *% 7*00& &% /%

:0 (00 % '*0 +'(0 0%&-0' >*00*%* '-0&%00 % (+(0 % * .&0< & %*0*%,

%;* %/% &'%*&* *%*:0 '% '-0&% *&00, 0%& & 7%% &00 & %&< O*.

% @0&%(%0* * 0&* & +'/%/0* *&0' , *%/* 0/+*%< D*. 0&%7* 9**&%;. /*

/9%%*;. . %/% & (./. /. @**&H%;% '-0&%%* &0 (+( /* * &%0 *% >'(% %

%0.0 %/% 0%9* :0 0+/0 % '0% '90. * *%/* /. +%0&. *80*%* &' /(% % *&0

&*0&%* '-0&%00 (+(0 /* %0.00 +'(0/%<2, + 12Q<

Ce nse .e+ s/ rec01er/+ )n22 f0r32 de 1e crd4

* *&;*-0* >*'*/. ATM *'(*% %% (*80&%)/& :*&/% (00 % *

%+%* +*9*< B*&* %(0%&. *;. +% 0* *0 % &/.0&*%*PIN0< A%/* %0% ':0 /. %*(% *&;*-0*, /. *&%;% 9%& *, /.

%*. ' 0&7%/09*-0% & *% * %0 *&*0;*% 0(*90&0% 70%' '*% ATM0%

*?* %0 /. *0. ' *(%. 70%')< I&7%/09*-0* %/% &9. :0 (00 :*&/% %

%+%*% * /(%'<

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* *&;*-0* POS +'0& '> /*%'((%0*) :*&/% (*0 (*0 % * %+%*

+0%%%*< S% %*(. 0(%0* >**, /% %% '*%* *0, *&* %%

'(%0*&0 80*&-%% /0 '(+*. /%(&.0%< D*. *%/%* & '%/+&

*&0 '(%0&* +0%% %'*%% & * 7%0>0* /%(&** % +% 80*&-. %*

% +% /+*%% *0 +-0&0 '(%0*&-0 & R'(&0* >* *%*/. 7%0>0*%)< &(*H'0*%* *;0' '(%0*& +0%% *&00<

* *&;*-0* %'((%% :*&/% (*0 (*0 % %+%*% * *&0'< S% %*(.

0(%0* >**, /% '8%*;.?*&%*;. *, *&* %%

+'%/*'0?(*9*;0&0 %*00 %/+% 07*% /0 %*00% %8&0% '*% *%%

+'/*% % >**', IP, %)< S% &%** *&*0;* * &07% 07.0' /0 * *%/%'

00;*%< & (*H'0*%* *;0' +0%%0% /& /+'*% %

+'%/*'?*&*?0&/00* %(0%&. * *0 :0 0& *% *;0 +0%% (*9*;0&<

C*8'% *% :*&/% (*0 % %+%*% * +0%%00<15, +4Q<

Tend2n3e*e 2nfrc320n2*or c0 crd0r25

C% (*0 *+0 %/.' >% % >*. % *0 *&*%, +07%:% >%7%&-* :0

*&0*%*, '&/. & >*/0>0*%* *0' V0/* :0 M*/%C*< N'0% %8&''900 * 7%&0 &

*H' 0&>*'0' & +'%%* '+00' %*% *% *%%' %0/%&% :0 & %*%**%%' >*/% % * ;%'< A%/0 0+ % 0&>*-0&0 0 %70&% %* (*0 (*% +*% 0& +%H00

*;*< D%/%'0 ' *%. >*/. +'*% >0 *+0 0%&0>0*. +0& %*(0&*%* 8''9*(%0< P%

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DE RE:OLVAT

11



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=( CONSTRUIREA PLANULUI DE CERCETARE

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15



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16



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