63146382-Mircea-Eliade-Impotriva-Deznadejdii.pdf

8/14/2019 63146382-Mircea-Eliade-Impotriva-Deznadejdii.pdf

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ÎMPOTRIVA DEZNĂDEJDIIMIRCEA ELIADE (Bucureşti, 28 feru!rie "#$%, Bucureştii &ec'i C'ic!)*, 22 !+riie "#8-. ! f/cut 0tu1ii 1e fi**fie !Bucureşti, 34c'ei!te cu * te/ 1e0+re fi**fi! Re4!şterii ("#28., şi ! C!cutt! (I41i!, 1ece5rie "#28 1ece5rie "#6"., 34ur5! c/r*r! 3şi 0u07i4e 1*ct*r!tu 34 fi**fie, ! Bucureşti, cu * ucr!re !0u+r! )341irii şi +r!ctici*r yoga ("#66. 34tre "#66şi "#68, 0i5ut!4 cu * i4te40/ !cti&it!te eetri0tic/ şi +uici0tic/, 9i4e cur0uri 1e fi**fie şi i0t*ri! rei)ii*r ! :4i&er0it!te!1i4 Bucureşti, fii ti5+u r/*iuui, e0te !t!ş!t cutur! ! !5!0!1ei R*5;4iei ! L*41r! ("#<$="#<". şi ! e)!7iei r*5;4e 1e! Li0!*4! ("#<"="#<>.

Di4 "#<> 0e 0t!ieşte ! P!ri0, u41e +re1/ i0t*ri! rei)ii*r, 34t3i ! ic*e Pr!ti?ue 1e0 @!ute0 Iitu1e0 (+34/ 34 "#<8., !+*i !*r*4! *icit!t 34 :A, 1u+/ u4 !4 1e cur0uri 7i4ute c! Visiting Professor +e4tru @!0e Lecture0 ("#>-="#>%., !cce+t/ +*0tu 1e +r*fe0*r titu!r şi 1e c**r1*4!t*r ! C!te1rei 1e i0t*ri! rei)ii*r (1i4 "#8> C!te1r! Mirce! Ei!1e. ! :4i&er0it/7ii1i4 C'ic!)* CRONOLOIA OPEREI BELETRITICE (+ri5! e1i7ie ! &*u5e*r.F Isabel şi apele diavolului ("#6$.G Maitrey ("#66.G întoarcerea din Rai, Lumina ce se stinge ("#6<.G Şantier, Huliganii ("#6>.G omnişoara !"ristina ("#6-.G Şarpele ("#6%.G #unt$ în cer ("#68.G %ecretul doctorului Honigberger, #op&i la %erampore("#<$.G 'mintiri %("#--.G Pe strada Mîntuleasa ("#-8.G La (ig$nci ("#-#.G #oaptea de %în)iene ("#%".G " curte la ionis("#%%., *inere&e f$r$ tinere&e, #ou$spre)ece trandafiri ("#8$.G Romanul adolescentului miop ("#8#.

MIRCEA ELIADE

ÎMPOTRIVA DEZNĂDEJDIIPuici0tic! eHiuuiEdiţie îngrijită de MIRCEA HANDOCA cu o prefaţă de MONICA SPIRIDON

@:MANITAB:C:RETI, "##2-2#$8$PC*+ert!F IOANA DRAOMIREC: MARDARE @:MANITA, "##2 IBN #%6=28=$66-=6:N MOD DE A KI ÎN L:ME

Pu&ini sînt cei ce i)butesc, din vreme în vreme, s$ abat$ din f$gaşele sale cursul cunoaşterii, dar înc$ şi mai pu&ini aceia care se încumet$ s$ scoat$ din amor&eala conven&iei îns$şi retorica ei+'l$turi de mil !ioran saude !onstantin #oica, Mircea liade se cuvine, de asemenea, socotit printre cei care au înnoit canoanele deatitudine şi de e-presie ale discursului intelectual modern+ %crisul s$u tr$dea)$ de la întîia lectur$ o implicare

personal$,c"iar afectiv$, neîng$duit$ de reglement$rile canonice+ I "ept care, detractorii n.au întîr)iat s$./învinuiasc$ de ere)ie fa&$ de dogmele ortodo-ismului ştiin&ific+ !onceptele.c"eie cu care lu.,T savantul 0primitiv.modem1 sacru.profan etc+2 ar fi un fel de3ofensivi45 no&iuni înc$rcate cu pulbere, cu tr$gaciul ridicat i b$taie simbolic$+ 'bia mascînd op&iunea valoric$ şi anga.ntul patetic, 0tiu 1e )341ire şi 1e r*0tire, la care fac alu)iec v$d în liade un 3cavaler4, un 3misionar4, un 3profet4,678a)$ un 1uctu0 i4teectu! +r*fu41, cu &!*!re 1e eHe5+u 34@r! 4*!0tr/ Pentru deplina lui în&elegere, perspectiva global$6dispensabil$+%avant, 9urnalist, memorialist şi autor de fic&iuni, liade a fost,ic, o omommie generic$+ 'supra operei sale planea)$ fatalita.:inui comple- creator polimorfic+ 'şa încît numai o tactic$ent$ a diferen&ei specifice dar şi a genului pro-im va fi în stare

s$ ni./ restituie integral pe liade şi s$.i revele)e voca&ia sinte)ei+ intre omonimi, în cei ;< de ani de comunism, cel mai vitregit st, fireşte, 9urnalistul+ în discursul s$u, anga9amentul şi tem.5ura ideii beneficiau de o transparen&$ ma-im$+ mbargoul, de+pe o 9um$tate de veac, a vi)at, deopotriv$, ga)et$ria din&ar$<

şi pe cea din e-il+ !$ci, în pribegie, scriitorul nu şi.a întrerupt activitatea publicistic$ în rom=neşte şi înlimbile de adop&iune 0france)a, engle)a2+

Pentru liade ca şi pentru Ionescu sau !ioran e-ilul a fost altceva decît un simplu accident biografic,

revelîndu.şi un te*0, dintre acelea capabile s$ ordone)e întîmpl$rile m$runte care compun 3o via&$4 într.un1e0ti4 La scurt timp dup$ trecerea sa în nefiin&$, publicistica în limbi str$ine a fost strîns$, la Paris, de editura>allimard, în volumul Bri0er e t*it 1e ! 5!i0*4 L! cre!=ti&ite et 0e0 05*e0 *e-tele rom=neşti, risipite în



periodicele diasporei noastre, sînt reunite acum, pentru întîia oar$, într.o antologie cu un loc meritoriu, înipotetica 3bibliografie a pribegiei4, elogiat$ c$lduros de însuşi liade într.un articol+

Intre cele dou$ 3vîrste4 ale publicisticii sale, indiferent de limba preferat$ drept releu transmi&$tor,continuitatea e indubitabil$+în pofida eclectismului lor de)involt, mai toate scrierile )iaristului liade pivotea)$, cu elegant$ deci)ie, în 9urulunui a- central, însumate într.un volum, articolele din e-il ne propun un 3îndreptar p$timaş4 sui generis, stînd

sub tensiunea unei întreb$ri inevitabile5 3!um po&i s$ fii rom=n?4 Şi, tot prin ele, 3generala în pulbere4 porecl$ ini&ial def$im$toare, asumat$ orgolios de liade ofer$ acestei întreb$ri. un r$spuns tranşant5 creîndîn spirit+

'şa cum o în&elege )iaristul liade, creativitatea intelectual$ r$spunde unei duble misiuni5 are, mai e-act,voca&ie soteriologic$ şi totodat$ virtu&i terapeutice+

Pe de o parte, crea&ia e alternativa mîntuitoare fa&$ de teroarea istoric$, unica solu&ie de supravie&uire îneternitate, prin evitarea sterili)$rii culturale+ !a un ca) în spe&$, re)isten&a în spirit se opune tentativeicomunismului de a ne ani"ila identitatea na&ional$+

Pe de alt$ parte, în condi&ii speciale 0asupra c$rora voi st$rui pe larg mai 9os2, spiritul f$ptuitor ne poatevindeca de comple-e5 mai ales de cel al marginalit$&ii, al provincialismului cultural, european+

La op&iunile lui liade 0pe care adeseori 9urnalistul le 3întruc"ipea)$4 fi-îndu.le în fi)uri tutelare minescu, Hasdeu, P=rvan sau Iorga, dar şi ante, @vidiu, Papini ş+a+m+d+2 m$ voi opri pe rînd în continuare+ Pentru liade, centenarul minescu 0/A<B2 este un bun prile9 de a averti)a c$ supravie&uirea unei na&ii, în lupta

cu timpul, depinde e-clusiv de şansa ei de a fi )$mislit voca&ii creatoare+C 3easupra tuturor gloriilor efemere şi deşert$ciunilor legate de patimile noastre omeneşti, un singur punctr$mîne fi-, necl$tinat de nici o catastrof$ istoric$5 geniul+ Vec"ea Helad$ a pierit de mult, dar geniul lui Homer,al lui sc"il sau al lui Platon a supravie&uit tuturor naufragiilor şi va supravie&ui c"iar dac$ ultimul descendent,al >reciei clasice va fi şters de pe fa&a p$mîntului4 (E5i4e0cu.

Mai mult, agresivitatea presiunii istorice poate stimula reac&ii imunodefensive virulente ale organismuluicultural le)at+ în asemenea momente de cri)$, se limpe)eşte spiritul de elit$ al creatorului şi se îndîr9eşte

ferti"tatea cultural$ a unei na&ii+ 3%.ar putea upa&ia sovietic$ şi încercarea de de)na&ionali)are întreprins$ deruşi cu metode şi m99loace faraonice s$ însemne, prin contra.ensiva cultural$ pe care o provoac$, adev$rataintrare a Rom=niei istoria cultural$ a uropei4 (De0ti4u cuturii r*5;4eşti. #u încape nici o îndoial$ c$

liade pre&uia mai pu&in r$spunsul Dntal şi imediat al intelectualului fie el în &ar$, fie în be9enie fa&$ deofensiva 3con9uncturii4, decît replica sa înv$luit$, crea.toate, mi)înd pe a-ioma c$ sabia spiritului iese

biruitoare în timp5 3In cele din urm$, 9ustificarea istoric$ a unui neam se face prin valorile pe care le creea)$+ vident, nu spune&i lucrurile acestea unui patriot activist5 va declara imediat c$ sunte&i tr$d$tor de neam şi de &ar$+ în ce m$ priveşte, aş aştepta cu mai pu&in$ spaim$ viitorul, dac$ aş şti c$ undeva, în &ar$ sau în pribegie, s.a n$scut un nou minescu sau un nou Iorga, dac$ aş şti c$ un fi)ician rom=n se afl$ în prea9ma descopeririiunui nou sistem de a în&elege Eniversul, sau c$ un filo)of rom=n preg$teşte o carte care va modifica radicalorientarea cuget$rii rom=neşti4 (Cu5 0e f!ce * cutur/.

up$ cum, ca r$spuns creator la frustra&iile 3des&$r$rii4, prefera 0*u7i! D!4te, fa&$ de alternativa @vidiu (34treT*5i0 şi R!&e44!. Mai e-act, nu recomanda nostalgiile c"iar dac$ picurate în tonuri ales.tînguitoare, caTri0tee dup$ paradisul pierdut al originilor1 ci, dimpotriv$, încordarea energiilor de)r$d$cinate, întruînf$ptuirea unor edificii nemuritoare, cu bol&i îndr$)ne&e, precum Di&i4! C55e1i!Venind, în fine9a comple-ul etnic al provincialismului cultural rom=nesc şi la perspectiva transgres$rii lui spreuniversalitate, observ$m c$ op&iunea "ade 0şi, s$ )icem, #oica2 se opune polar formulei Ionescu.!ioran+F

La ugen Ionescu şi la mil !ioran, organul atins de malad8 este brutal amputat+ !um se înlocuieşte el? Iat$ oîntrebare careu fiecare dintre ei i.a r$spuns în alt fel+în ceea ce./ priveşte, Mircea liade alege calea, mai anevoioasa şi mai întortoc"eat$, a terapiei+ iferite re&ete

s.ar g$si la nevoie1 dar pentru asta se cere pus, mai în$i, un diagnostic e-act+ B@ suit$ întreag$ de articole (Cu5 0e f!ce * cutur/, D*u/ tr!1i7ii 0+iritu!e r*5;4eşti, De0ti4u ui @!01eu,Pr*e5e 1e cutur/ r*5;4e!0c/, P/0t*ri, '!i1uci, +rie)i ş+a+m+d+2 efectuea)$ e-perti)e tipologi)ante ale culturiirom=neşti demne de toat$ aten&ia+ e fiecare dat$, ori)ontul cercetat se arat$ dominat de tensiuni polare5 linia

minescu şi linia !aragiale1 tradi&ionalismul şi modernismul1 universul spiritual agricol şi cel pastoral1 omuluniversal şi rom=nul autentic ş+a+m+d+

Pe planuri tot mai înalte şi mai cuprin)$toare de referin&$, o astfel de sc"em$ mani"eist$ opune, în ultim$instan&$, o op&iune conservatoare, tradi&ionalist$, romantic$ şi ostentativ productiv$, alteia cosmopolite,

sincronice, inovatoare şi, nu mai pu&in emfatic, critice+ 0tiade pl$teşte aici tribut pre9udec$&ii conform c$reia spiritul critic ar fi sterili)ant, di)olvant şi contra.productiv+2 'şadar, de o parte minescu, Hasdeu, lorga1 decealalt$, !aragiale, Maio.rescu, Lovinescu+++!"estiunea ar merita, fireşte, o de)batere ampl$+ Pe marginea ei s.a f$cut risip$ de cerneal$ în cultura rom=n$+



Pentru noi, aici, instructiv r$mîne e-clusiv modul în care o manipulea)$ Mircea liade+ in punctul s$u de vedere, şi într.un mod doar aparent parado-al, e-act aderen&ii celei de.a doua linii ar liulcera&i de un comple- de inferioritate în :fa&a @ccidentului1 asta în timp ce membrii primei serii ar avea, dac$nu obsesia, în orice ca) voca&ia, accesului la universalitate+ Mi se pare de domeniul eviden&ei c$ liade

procedea)$ nu doar în acest ca)G cu +!rti +ri0, punînd în cau)$ spirite enciclopedice, 9n)estrate cu voca&ia sinte)ei şi, deci, cu putin&a de a dep$şi orice antinomii+ 3P$rtinirea4 sa r$mîne, îns$, cu atît mai interesant$+ e

ce? iindc$, în acest fel, emulul se recunoaşte, narcisist, în modelele sale, repercutîndu.se, v$dit, asupra lor+în afar$ de asta, dincolo de tensiunea peren$ care le anim$, ambele invariante tipologice au, pentru liade,meritul de a fi între&inut !+etitu et4ic 1e ! re=!c7i*4! cutur! (c'i!r 1!c/ 34 5*1 1iferit. ! +re0iu4e! ti5+uuii0t*ric

e altfel, de cîte ori îşi e-pune, pe larg, sistemul terapeutic adecvat 3comple-elor4 provinciale ale culturiirom=ne, Mircea liade insist$ asupra opo)i&iei i0t*ric tr!40=i0t*ricîn m$sura în care 3timpul a avut r$bdare4, una dintre solu&iile 34 i0t*rie, sus&ine liade, a fost oferit$ de3criterionişti4 0tinerii intelectuali din grupul interbelic 3!riterion4, avîndu.şi, pentru un scurt r$stimp, debuşeulîn revista omonim$2+ în spri9inul ei pledea)$ 9urnalistul liade în paginile memorialistice consacrate, în e-il, lui

an Jotta, unul dintre cei mai simptomatici cri.teriomşti5 3an Jotta se num$ra printre acei, pu&ini,intelectuali care nu sufereau de comple-ul de inferioritate de a se fi n$scut rom=ni+ #u avea nimic strig$torKpatriotic în purtarea lui, şi mei într.un ca) nu putea > considerat un Ktradi&ionalist pur şi simplu+ 0+++2

!redea 0al$turi de al&i cî&iva, printre care m$ num$ram2 c$ dac$ o cultur$ îşi revelea)$ conştient esen&ele într.o crea&ie poetic$, într.o filo)ofie, într.o oper$ spiritual$ devine prin însuşi acest concept o cultur$ma9or$1 c"iar dac$, datorit$ limbii în cure au fost e-primate, valorile ei literare nu se pot bucura de o circula&ieuniversal$4 (Kr!)5e4t +e4tru D!4 B*tt!.

up$ c$derea cortinei de fier, misiunea de ! înfrunta timpul revine diasporei, urmaşa de drept a mentalit$&ii pastorale, modelate de balansul pendular al trans"umantei+ !u condi&ia ca ea s$ e-orci)e)e prin crea&ie3agresivitatea, autoflagelarea şi resentimentele pe care le tr$dau, la noi, curentele culturale occidentali)ate şicosmopolite4 (D*u/ tr!1i7ii 0+iritu!e r*5;4eşti. %$geata aruncat$ în direc&ia !ioran.Ionescu mi se pare clar$,dar nu e locul a st$rui asupra ei+

Mai e-ist$ îns$ şi solu&ia de ! f!ce saltul în universal +e 1e!=u+r! i0t*riei, ceea ce nu înseamn$ neap$rat cu totul împotriva ei+ligmatic este, în aceast$ privin&$, 3ca)ul4 Jr=ncuşi+ #aturalo-al$ a creativit$&ii sale derutant$ pentru comentatorii

doritori s$.i locali)e)e matricea stilistic$ de)amorsea)$, în pilduitor, tensiunea, e-plo)iv.obsesiv$ pentru rom=ni, între Inuliponal şi modem+ Ieşirea în lume a artistului, întîlnirea sa cuavangarda repre)int$ prile9ul fericit care îl stimulea)$ s$ 3coboarein sine4, recuperî"du.şi, într.un elan interior, r$d$cinile auto"tone,ar"aice+ în acest fel, el 3g$seşte4 drumul c$tre el însuşi, care erain acelaşi timp drumul c$tre str$moşii lui din epoca de piatr$, dar

şi drumul cioplitorilor şi meşterilor africani sau melane)ieni şiacel al unui Picasso4 (A &e1e! u5e! c! 34 ci+! 1i4t3i !cre!7iei.A

Proiectat$ în ori)onturi transistorice demonstrea)$ astfel liade crea&ia autentic$ surclasea)$ rupturile şineutrali)ea)$ falsele opo)i&ii+ iindc$ ! u4 !4u5it 4i&e 1e !134ci5e al specificului, în proto.istoria sa, se

ascunde filonul de universalitate al oric$rui mod particular 3de a fi în lume4+ Pentru ca 3lec&ia4 Jr$ncuşi s$ dea roade în crea&ia noastr$ contemporan$, se cer îndeplinite, cum spuneam mai sus, anumite condi&ii+ în favoarea lor, liade pledea)$ insistent cu diverse oca)ii+ iscursul s$u 3la bar$4,nelipsit de accente patetice, incriminea)$ f$r$ mena9amente +r*&i4ci!i05u culturilor occidentale modeme+3#imic mai sup$r$tor decît provincialismul marilor culturi+ 0+++2 -ist$ şi ast$)i occidentali cumsecade pentrucare uropa se opreşte la Rin sau cel mult la Viena+ >eografia lor este ,prin e-celen&$ sentimental$1 pîn$ laViena au a9uns ei în c$l$toriile lor de nunt$+++4 (Eur*+! şi C*rti4! 1e fier.@rgani)$rii paro"iale a culturii modeme risipite între îngr$dituri mutilante şi v$mi neprielnice circula&ieinestîn9enite a bunurilor de crea&ie ur4!i0tu Ei!1e îi propune drept alternativ$ un u5!4i05 ecu5e4ic sui

generis+ !$ci, la o adîncime 1e ti5+ şi 1e 0e40 convenabil$, geografia spiritual$, a)i atît de divers$, îşirevelea)$ structura tectonic$ comun$+ în m$sura în care 0!&!4tu Ei!1e descinde sistematic în universurile

primitive şi protoistorice, în c$utarea matricei unice a creativit$&ii universale, aşa.numitul s$u misionarism ştiin&ific se pune, neîndoielnic, în slu9ba aceluiaşi ecumenism+ %$ nu uit$m c$ în spatele stilului s$u de gîndire,comentatorii au desluşit o op&iune valoric$ şi un anga9ament afectiv+

liade ! !+/r!t şi ! 34tru+!t totodat$, ridicîndu./ la demnitatea unei paradigme universale, un fel aparte de a fi



în lume, aliind în propor&ii bine cump$nite re)isten&a şi permeabilitatea, statornicia unei civili)a&ii deagricultori şi desc"iderea spre )$ri necuprinse a p$storilor purtati de ritmurile trans"umantei+ !utreierind

p$mîntul în lung şi î" lat, ducînd aproape un sfert de veac o e-isten&$ de pas$re migratoare f$cînd practicnaveta între dou$ continente , el a r$mas statornic în spirit, gîndind şi scriind rom=neşte, f$cînd din cultura

sa de origine un argument de:universalitate+!onştiin&a apartenen&ei la cultura roman$ ofer$ c"eia destinului creator al lui Mircea liade+

LMONICA PIRIDON NOTĂ A:PRA EDIQIEItr34)e5 !0t/i +e4tru +ri5! *!r/ 34tre c*+ertee u4ei c/r7i teHtee ui Mirce! Ei!1e !+/rute 34 +uic!7iieeHiuuiA5 /0!t ! * +!rte !rtic*ee şi e0eurie ce &*r 1e&e4i uteri*r fr!)5e4te 1e c/r7i (De %! a"no-is la >"eng"is.

Han2+Cue)ere! 1e f!7/ cu+ri41e !+r*!+e 34 34tre)i5e !rtic*ee 1i4 eHi 34 i5! r*5;4/ !e ui Mirce! Ei!1e Ceeci4ci=ş!0e !rtic*e c!re i+0e0c 4u !5 +utut 0/ 5i e +r*cur, cu t*!te 0tr/1!4iie 5ee şi !e c*re0+*41e47i*r 5ei1i4 0tr/i4/t!te Kr!)5e4t !ut*i*)r!fic, +uic!t 34 C!ete de or (P!ri0, "#>6., ! !+/rut rece4t 34 A4eHee !

Memoriile ui Mirce! Ei!1e, E1itur! @u5!4it!0, "##"I4i7i!, i4te47i*4!5 0/ )ru+e teHtee +*tri&it te5!ticii, 34 uru u4ei i1ei ce4tr!e, !ş! cu5 Ei!1e 340uşi *iş4ui!0/ * f!c/ O+t!0e5 +e4tru * 0ec7iu4e cu+ri4341 !rtic*e 1e fi**fie, !t! 1e i0t*ri! cuturii, +r*e5e !e

rei)ii*r, e0euri +ri&i41 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ şi eHiu, &!*ri re+ree4t!ti&e !e 0+iritu!it/7ii r*5;4eşti şiu4i&er0!e, !rtic*e *c!i*4!e (34cet!re! 1i4 &i!7/ ! u4*r +riete4i 1i4 eHi etc. L! * 4*u/ ectur/, 5i=!5 1!t0e!5! c/ *rice !0tfe 1e c!0ific!re, 4ef/cut/ 1e Ei!1e 340uşi, [ete !rtifici!/ şi 1i0cut!i/, !0+ectee 1i4tr=*!4u5it/ 0ec7iu4e 34tre=+:ru4341u=0e cu cee 1i4 !tee M=!5 *+rit, 1eci, ! criteriu cr*4**=0+er341 c/citit*ru 0i4)ur &! !&e! 1i0cer4/534tu 1e ! 0eect! şi reţine !rtic*ee ce 0ue0c * !4u5e i1ee, 1e ! /*&i!0u+r! ce*r ce c*re0+u41 34 5!i 5!re 5/0ur/ !şte+t/ri*r ui, 1e ! +r*ce1! 0i4)ur ! * 0i4te/ ! *)/7iei i1ei*r!+!re4t !şe!te ! 34t35+!re 1u+/ u4icu criteriu ! 5*5e4tuui 34 c!re !rtic*u ! !+/rut A5 c*40i1er!t 4ece0!r0/ i4cu1 34 'ddenda 0i4)uru !rtic* ! ui Mirce! Ei!1e eH+e1i!t 1i4 eHi +e4tru ! fi +uic!t 34tr=* re&i0t/ 1i47!r/ E0te &*r! 1e e&*c!re! 0tr/ucituui 4*0tru 0!&!4t er)iu A=e*r)e, 0cri0/ ! 0*icit!re! 5e! şi !+/rut/ 34"#8< 34 Rom=nia literar$+//A5 !e0 c! titu ! !ce0tei cue)eri titu u4ui! 1i4tre !rtic*ee ui Ei!1e, împotriva de)n$de9dii, c!re 5i 0=! +/rut * eH+re0ie ! *+ti5i05uui ui Ei!1e !f!t 34 eHi 34 ce +ri&eşte 1e0ti4u cuturii r*5;4eşti, 34 +*fi1!

&ici0itu1i4i*r i0t*7iei 34 tr!40criere! teHte*r, !5 !+ic!t 4*r5ee *rt*)r!fice 34 &i)*!re, +/0tr341 34 !ce!şi ti5+ +!rticu!rit/7ie 1ei5/ !e !ut*ruui A0tfe, !5 /0!t 4e5*1ific!t/ f*r5! &er!/ 0u4t, +recu5 şi f*r5e c!F +er0*4!)iu, +ei0!)iu,! ceti, 0trei4, +!0ere, !c** u41e Ei!1e ! c*40i1er!t c/ e0te c!u 0/ e 0crie !ş! Me47i*4e c/ Ei!1e ! f**0it, 34 +!r!e, şi f*r5ee *iş4uite A5 tr!40cri0 cu 5!u0cu/ u4ee 0u0t!4ti&e c*5u4e, 1!r 0cri0e 34 !4u5ite c*4teHte1e Ei!1e cu 5!u0cu/, !tu4ci c341 er!u f**0ite 34tr=* !4u5e !cce+7iu4eF Vi!7/, N!tur/, I0t*rie, C*05*0, De0ti4,Q!r/, t!t, Pr*fe0*ru şi !teeMIRCEA @ANDOCA

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%N#>L M'R*IRIL@R+++De cur341, ! R*5!, !5 !0cut!t ru)/ciu4ie r*0tite 34 c*5u4 1e trei +re*7iF r*5!4*=c!t*ic, )rec*=c!t*ic şi*rt*1*H Pre*tu *rt*1*H iuti0e 0/ fu)/ 1i4 7!r/ cu c3te&! u4i 34!i4te Er! u4 +re*t &re14ic, 1i4tr=u4 0!t 1i4

Ar1e! i 1u+/ 34c'eiere! ru)/ciu4i*r,5/rturi0it c/ ucru !ce0t! 0e 34t35+/ frec&e4t 34 t*t Ar1e!u, 34c/ 1e !cu5 u4 !4 Pre*7ii *rt*1*cşi şi )rec*=c!t*ici 0e 34t34e0c, IS !0cu40, 34 c3te * c!0/ şi, 34 *1/1ii, r*0te0c ru)/ciu4i 35+reu4/ I 34t/rire! !ce!0t! !u u!t=* 0+*4t!4, şi 34c/ 34!i4te 1e 1e0fii47!re! @i0cricii :4ite =!u '*t/r3t 0/ 0e 34t34e!0c/ şi 0/ 0e r*!)e 35+reu4/, +e4tru c/ 0e 0i57e!u f/c341 +!rte 1i4 !cee!şi Bi0eric/ ! ui ( I4 i0t*0, şi +e4tru c/ !ce!0t/ Bi0eric/ ! ui C'ri0t*0er! !t*c*= c/c!t/ şi tr/1!t/ 1e *cu+!4t şi 1e u4etee ui 34 !cee!şi i !5 34t34it u4 )ru+ 1e r*5;4i +r*!0+/t0*0i7i 1i4 !&i! Er!u +ri4tre ei i4)i4eri, 7/r!4i, 0tu1e47i, 5e1ici, 5u4ci=t*riF 1!r t*7i e&!1!0er/ 1i4 !cee!şite54i7/F R*5;4i!, şi trecu0er/ +ri4 !ce!şi +ur)!t*riu ! !)/re*r iu)*0!&e Nu=i 5!i 1e*0ee!iG !35r/c/5i4te, 4ici c! 0/4/t!te, 4ici c! eH+re0ie, 4ici 5/c!r 5! P/re!u c/ 0u4t cu t*7ii c*+iii !ceei!şi f!5iii 0/r!ce şite i 4u 0e ruşi4!u 1e !ce!0t/ !+!re4t/ !0ce41e47/ 1e i*/)ie,rie şi 4e4*r*c JM5+*tri&/, cei c!re !r fi treuit 0/ 0e ruşi4ee 4u4 4*i, ceşti!7i N*i, c!re 4u 0e5/4/5 cu eiA0cut341u=i, 0i57e!5 4ec*4te4it cu5 35i 1*)*r/şte *r!u Nu 4u5!i +e4tru c/ +e4tru !ceşti *!5e4i, fu)i7i cu c3te ri0curii c3te +ier1eri 1i4 te54i7! 7/rii, 4u 0e f!ce 4i5ic, 0!u A+r*!+e 4i5ic Nu 4u5!i +e4tru c/ !0cut!5, 1e !



t*7i şi 1e !ire 34 +!rte, !cee!şi 341urer!t/ 4e1u5erire +ri&it*r ! certurie, 5i4)ie şi c!*54iie c!re 5!ci4/ e5i)r!7i!r*5;4e!0c/ D!r 35ire! *r!u 5!i !e0 !0cut341 +*&e0ti41u=5i=0e &i!7! 1i4 7!r/ şi &i!7! 1i4 !)/ree iu)*0!&e/O:4ire e0te +re! +u7i4 0+u0 i 4ici 5/c!r eH+re0i!, !t3t 1e f**0it/ !0t/i, 1e *c )r!4itic 4u 1/ 0e!5! 34tru

t*tu 1e eH+erie47! 34tre)uui 4e!5 r*5;4e0c Cee! ce 0e +etrece !0t/i 34 7!r/ re!5i4teşte 34truc3t&! &i!7! +ri5e*r c*5u4it/7i creşti4e /r/ci!, +ri)*!4!, ter*!re! !u f/cut 0/ iru5+/ 1i4 0tr/fu41urie 4e!5uui 34tre)!ce i&*r 4e0ec!t ! fr/7iet/7ii, 1r!)*0tei şi ertfirii 1e 0i4e Nu5!i +ri&i41u=" c! u4 fe4*5e4 rei)i*0, 1e4e/4uite +r*+*r7ii, 347ee)i !1e&/r!t! 0e54ific!7ie ! *cuui 1e )r!4it 1i4 7!r/ Nu5!i !ş! 35i eH+ic, eu ce +u7i4, f!+tu c/ +ri5u ucru +e c!re u4 refu)i!t "=! f/cut !u4)341 34 It!i! ! f*0t 0/ cu5+ere '/r7i cu t*7i !4ii +ec!re i=! !&ut, 0/ e eH+e1iee fr!7i*r 1i4 !)/re, şi !+*i 0/ +*r4e!0c/, pe 9os, 0+re R*5!G +e *0 şi i'4it 1e f*!5e,c/ci 4u=i 5!i r/5/0e0er/ 4ici 5/c!r !4i 0/=şi cu5+ere * +3i4e Nu e 1e 5ir!re c/ u4 !0e5e4e! *5 34cre5e4eşte c341, *1!t/ 0c/+!t 1i4 te54i7e şi !)/re, !u4)e 34 Occi1e4t şi!f/ c3t 1e 5ut 4e iui5 4*i, ceşti!7i, c!re !5 !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ tr/i5 1e !t37i! !4i 34 iert!te :4e*ri, *5uui4ici 4u=i &i4e 0/ cre!1/ A5 !0cut!t cu !cri5i 34 *c'i eH+ic!7i! u4ui refu)i!t, c!re 0e tru1e! 0/ 4e 1e5*40treec/, 34 f*41, u4ire! r*5;4i*r 1i4 0tr/i4/t!te e0te t*t !t3t 1e !134c/ şi 1e 0i4cer/ c! şi ! ce*r 1i4 7!r/, şi c/ t*!te&*4urie 1e certuri şi 4e347ee)eri 0u4t i4&e4t!te şi +u0e 34 circu!7ie 1e !)e47ii c*5u4iştiG c/, 34 f*41, 1!c/ u4r*5;4 !te ! uş! !tui r*5;4, i 0e 1e0c'i1e şi e +ri40 34 r!7e, şi e 34tre!t 1e ce !re 4e&*ie, şi e *0+/t!t, şi

)/1uitG c/ ! P!ri0, ! R*5! 0!u ! Bue4*0 Aire0 e c! 34 5u47ii 4*ştriF ci4e !re * +3i4e * 35+!rte cu !tu, şi ci4e!re 1*u/ c*0tu5e 1e '!i4e 1/ u4u ceui ce 4=!re Nu treuie 0/ 4e +ref!ce5 5!i i4tei)e47i 1ec3t 0u4te5 şi 0/ 0+u4e5 c/ u4ire! şi fr/7iet!te! 1i4 7!r/ 0u4tfe4*5e4e trec/t*!re 1e +0i'*/ c*ecti&/ şi c/, *1!t/ re&e4ite ti5+urie 4*r5!e, r*5;4u &! re1e&e4i i!rcee! ce ! f*0t şi &! cere 0/ fie )u&er4!t t*t !ş! cu5 ! f*0t şi 34!i4te 341i41 !0tfe, !(ei 1i4tre 4*i c!re4/1/1uie0c 0/ 0e 34t*!rc/, 34 7!r/, ! * &i!7/ +*itic/ !cti&/, 3şi fur/ 0i4)uri c/ciu! Nu e 1e*c 0i)ur c/ +0i'*!c*ecti&/, c!re f!ce +e ci4e&! 0/=şi c'etui!0c/ !4ii +e '/r7i +e4tru f**0u !t*r! cu +re7u +3i4ii ui, &! trece!ş! 1e uş*r, f/r/ 0/ !0e ur5e Kr/7iet!te! +ri5e*r c*5u4it/7i creşti4e ! u!t 0f3rşit 1u+/ triu5fu Bi0ericii, 1!r*!5e4ii !u r/5!0 creşti4i şi 1u+/ !+u0u !ce*r ti5+uri 34)ereştiPe 1e !t/ +!rte, u4it!te! 0ufete!0c/ 1e c!re 1/ 1*&!1/ !0t/i 34tre)u 4e!5 r*5;4e0c e0te e! 340/şi cre!t*!re 1e4*i &!*ri/;4*r!e şi 4*i *rie4t/ri +*itice / 4u 4e f!ce5 iui! c/, 1u+/ ce ! recut +ri4 ce ! trecut, şi 5!i !e0 +ri4 ce &!

trece 1e !ici 34!i4te, ic!5u r*5;4e0c, *1!t/ 0c/+!t 1e ur)ie, 0e &! re34t*!rce ! &ec'ie 3şe/ri 0*ci!e şi !5*r!&urie +*itice 1e +34/ 5!i 1eu4/i Cu i!u f/r/ &*i! 4*!0tr/, +ri5e4ire! 0=! f/cut 1i4/u4tru, şi 34 t*!teitr!turie 0*ci!e Ni5e4i 4u +*!te şti, 1e +e !cu5, 34c*tr* 0e &! 341re+t! r*5;4i5e! şi ce 0tructuri 3şi &! i5+u4e:4 0i4)ur ucru e i)urF c/ *5u +*itic c!re, !0t/i, 4=! 347ee0 4e&*i! +re*7i*r 1i4 r1e! 1e ! 0e ru)! 35+reu4/,şi )e0tu t34/ruui c!re=şi c'etuieşte Uu7i4ii !4i c! 0/ cu5+ere '/r7i fr!7i*r 1i4 !)/re, 4u &! 5!i !&e! ici ce!5!i 5/ru4t/ ş!40/, 53i4e, c341 0e &! 34t*!rce 34 7!r/, 0/ &*re!0c/ 34 4u5ee r*5;4i*r 0!u 0/ u1ece şi 0/f/+tui!0c/ Hriru ei(Eniunea Rom=n$, *ct*5rie "#<8.f%VNT N#!PE* 0t! 1e f!7/ !+!re 34 ti5+u ceei 5!i )r!&e crie +e c!re ! cut=* 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 34 u4)! şi 1r!5!tic! uii0t*rie De 4!r!te *ri +/534turie ui !u f*0t 34c/c!te, +r/1!te şi ur)i0iteG@e!, 4e!5u 4*0tru şi=! +ier1ut +34/ şi +/+341! 4e!t3r4!re +eButi0e 0=* !+ere 35+*tri&! tutur*r &itre)ii*r D!r 4ici*1!t/ ! 34cerc!t, c! 34 iee 4*!0tre, 0/ i 0e

!t*c*re!0c/ 0ufetu, i1!t/ 4u 0=! ur5/rit cu * !t3t 1e 34&e4i4!t/ 34&erşu4!re@t4/cire! tr!1i7iei 4*!0tre i0t*rice, +*4e)rire! )r!iuui,57e*r şi cuturii 4*!0tre, 4i5icire! 0+iritu!it/7ii 4*!0treiiice A0t/i, 34 R*5;4i!, 4ici u4 !ut*r c!0ic 4u 5!i +*!te fiii ii 34 teHtu ui i4te)r! E+ur!re! ii*teci*r şi ir/rii*r Wre, 34ce+ut/ !4i 34 ur5/, c*4ti4u/ cu * &i*e47/ cre0c341/ 34" ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu, @!01eu, N I*r)!, Oct!&i!4 *)!,0cu=V*i4eşti 0!u Li&iu Rere!4u, 4i 0e +r*+u4, 34 *ri)i4!4 tr!1ucere, !ut*ri 0*&ietici M!*rit!te! 0criit*ri*r r*5;4i 34i 4u 5!i +*t +uic! / 0+er/5 c/ 4u &! &e4i 4ici*1!t/ iu!F41 4ici 5/c!r 4u &*r 5!i +ute! 0crieAce!0t/ 0i4c*+/ ! iter!turii şi cuturii r*5;4eşti 4u +*!te fi,i7ee0, re5e1i!t/ 1e cei c37i&; 0criit*ri +e c!re 0*!rt! i=! +urt!t'*t!ree 7/rii D!r !ceşti +u7i4i 0criit*ri 1i4 0tr/i4/t!te !u/<

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t*tuşi cee! ce 1e 5ut 4u 5!i !u 0criit*rii 1i4 7!r/F iert!te! 1e 0crie şi 1e ! +uic! i 34ce+, !cu5, 0/ !i/ şi u4 +uic, 34firi+!t 1i4 4u5/ru t*t 5!i 5!re 1e refu)i!7i T*7i !ceşti! 0i5t 4e&*i! 0/i +/0tree e)/tur! &ie cui5!, !rt! şi cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ Pe 1e !t/ +!rte, fr!7ii 4*ştri 1i4 t!tee :4ite 0u4t ru+7i 1e !+r*!+e ece I !4i1e *rice c*4t!ct cutur! cu 7!r! Re&i0t! !ce!0t! e0te 0cri0/ +e4tru r*5;4ii 1e +e0te )r!4i7e, c/r*r!, 1e !34ce+ut, i 0e cere " iert!re +e4tru t*!te 0c/1erie +e c!re e &*r !f! 34 +!)i4ie ei c/1eri 1!t*rite !t3t +u7i4/t/7ii5i*!ce*r, c3t şi 4u5/ruui 1e 0criit*ri cu 5ut +re! re0tr340 / 4u 0e uite c/ !+r*!+e t*t!it!te! I 0criit*ri*r

4*ştri 0e )/0e0c 34tre i1urie c! 1e te54i7/ !e R*5;4iei Re1!ct*rii !ce0tei re&i0te 3şi 1!u +re! i4e 0e!5! c/ 4uI +*t re+ree4t! 34tre!)! iter!tur/ r*5;4/, 1!r ştiu c/, !1u4341u=0e !*!t/, &*r +ute! *)i41i, +ri45uti+icit!te! tr!1i7ii*r iter!re 1e I ! c!re 0e re&e41ic/, * i5!)i4e, *ric3t !r fi e! 1e +!i1/, ! *)/7iei şi&!riet/7ii cure4te*r cutur!e r*5;4eşti 34 +!)i4ie re&i0tei 3şi &*r 1!, !ş!1!r, 34t34ire t*7i 0criit*rii r*5;4i 1e +e0te '*t!re, *ric3t 1e 1i&er0e !r fi i1e!urie *r e0tetice şi 1e !4t!)*4ice +er0+ecti&ee *r 0+iritu!e C*!*r!re!!ce!0t! 4u !re 4u5!i 5eritu 1e ! refect! +ur!it!te! *rie4t/ri*r 4*!0tre iter!re tr34)ere! 0criit*ri*r !*!t/1*341eşte şi * 0e54ific!7ie 1e 0trict/ !ctu!it!teF e! 5/rturi0eşte cre1i47! *r 34 libertate şi i1e!u *r c*5u4 !u4ei i0t*rii c!re 0e 341re!+t/ 0+re eier!re! *5uui, i!r 4u 0+re i*/)ire! uiI4 !ce0t 0e40, şi 4u5!i 34 !ce0t!, 4e 0i57i5 cu t*7ii 0criit*ri !4)!!7i Oric3t 1e 1iferite !r fi criteriie 4*!0tree0tetice, fiec!re 1i4 4*i cre1e5 c/ i0t*ri! 4u 0e 5!i +*!te 34t*!rce 34!+*i, c/ iert/7ie J f 1e )341ire şi eH+re0ie,!t3t 1e !4e&*ie cucerite 1e eitee eur*+e4e şi r*5;4eşti, 4u 5!i +*t fi 1e0fii47!teG c/ 5*5e4tu i0t*ric +e c!re=" tr/i5 e0te u4 5*5e4t re&*u7i*4!r +e c!re 4ici * ce4ur/ şi 4ici * I ter*!re 4u=" &! +ute! 35+ie1ic!, +34/ !ur5/, 0/=şi 35+i4e!0c/ I 5e0!)iu Dict!tur! cutur!/ ! !ctu!i*r *cu+!47i 34ce!rc/ re0t!u=r/re! &re5uri*r 1e

5ut !+u0e !e f!4!ri*7i*r şi Re)u!5e4tuui Or)!4ic Nu 340e!54/ ! 4e !triui &reu4 5erit 1ec!r341 +ur şi "0i5+u c/ re0+i4)e5 * !0e5e4e! c*4ce+7ie retr*)r!1/, *0cur!4ti0t/ şi re!c7i*4!r/ ! iter!turii şi cuturii 34)e4er!, i5+u0/ +ri4 4*r5!ti&ee *cu+!4tuui şi 0u07i4ut/ +ri4 5itr!ieree ui , ICre1i47! 4*!0tr/ 34 iert!te! 1e )341ire şi eH+re0ie ! 0criit*ruui 4u 4e 34)/1uie 1i0cu7i! 1ec3t 34tre *!5e4i ieriDe !cee!, 4u 4e &*5 1! *0te4e!! 0/ !4!i/5 !ctu!! cre!7ie iter!r/ 1i4 7!r/,/C e! fii41 fie r*1u c*40tr34)erii, fie +r*1u0u ic'ei05uui şi tr/1/rii Cu 0tr34)ere 1e i4i5/, 340/, &! treui 0/i4f*r5/5 +e citit*rii 4*ştri 1e t*!te et!+ee cu5+itei *+er!7ii 1e 0uu)!re 0+iritu!/ ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c,5e4it/ 0/=" i4te)ree u4ui 0i0te5 1e 4e*i*/)ie f/r/ +erec'e 34 i0t*ri! u4i&er0!/0Luceaf$rul, 4*ie5rie, "#<8.

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numai ! !cee! re+ree4t!te 1e 0+iritu 1i*4i0i!c e4iu )rec ! f*0t 4utrit cu * e)!/ fer&*!re !t3t 1e Di*4i0*0 c3tşi 1e A+**4 i *5u )rec 0e 0itue!/ c! !t!re 34 i0t*rie 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re +!rtici+/ ! te40iu4e! 34tre !ceşti 1*i +*i 0+iritu!iG fie c/ *+te!/ +e4tru u4u 1i4 ei, fie c/ 34ce!rc/ 0/=i 1e+/şe!0c/ şi 0/=i re&!*rifice 34tr=* 4*u/0i4te/ Ace!şi ucru e0te !1e&/r!t şi +e4tru !te cuturi, !r'!ice 0!u 5*1er4e I!t/, u4/*!r/, eHe5+u I41ieiF5ut/ &re5e 0=! 0+u0 1e0+re 0+iritu!it!te! i41i!4/ c/ !r fi 1*5i4!t/ eHcu0i& 1e &!*ri 4e)!ti&eF retr!)ere! 1i4Vi!7/, 1ei4tere0!re! f!7/ 1e N!tur/, 1e&!*ri!re! e!titu1i4i*r, 4*0t!)i! Nir&!4ei şi, ! eHti4c7iei t*t!e etcD!r !ce!0t! er! * &iiu4e 0i5+i0t/, 1!t*rit/ +*!te şi u4ei i4f*r5!7ii i40uficie4teF +e4tru c/, !/turi 1e te41i4=icetic/ şi 0+ecu!ti&/ şi ! te'4ici*r re4u47/rii ! u5e (I X !4iş!1ee, Bu11'i05u etc., I41i! ! cu4*0cut, 34c/ 1i4cee 5!i &ec'i ti5+uri, şi * te41i47/ +!r!e/, 4u 5!i +u7i4 !ut*'t*4/ şi 4u Wii +u7i4 cre!t*!re, !t3t c/trecu4*!ştere! şi &!*ri!re! re!uui, c3t şi c/tre !5+ific!re! şi i4te40ific!re! e!titu1i4i*r (u4/*!r/, ştii47ee +*itice, er*tic!, t!4tri05u etc. I!r 34 cre!7i! ei ce! 5!i 0tr/ucit/, J"agavad.gît=, !5ee te41i47e fui*4e!/34tr=* 0i4te/ C!re, +34/ !0t/i, +*!te fi c*40i1er!t/ c'ei! 1e *t/ ! 0+irituui i41i!4Y I1ei 1i4tr=* c*4feri47/ 7i4ut/ ! !e 1e0 *ci-t-0 !&!4te0 34 cicu *r)!4i!t 1e A0*ci!7i! Cutur!/ Mi'!i

E5i4e0cu, 34 0e!r! 1e 6 iu4ie "#<8 (TeHtu e0te reu!t, !+r*!+e i1e4tic, 34 iu4ie=iuie "#>#, 0u titu 3*radi&iiuniversaliste în cultura rom=neasc$4, !+/rut 34 +uic!7i! R*5;4i! &ei 'ddenda+ N re1./F

!"H/ !5i4ti5 şi c3te&! eHe5+e 5!i !+r*+i!te 1e 4*i CuturG it!i!4/ cu4*!şte, 1e ! c*40tituire! ei, * 1u/tr!1i7ie, iu0tr!t/ 1e D!4te şi Petr!rc!, şi +e c!re * re)/0i5, 34 ti5+urie 4*!0tre, 34 te40iu4e! 1i4tre P!+i4i şiDA44u4i* Cutur! fr!4ce/, 1e !0e5e4e!, 4u e 5*4*&!e4t/G ui R!e!i0 0!u M*4t!i)4e i 0e *+u4e P!0c!Gui V*t!ire Je!4=J!c?ue0 R*u00e!uG ui A4!t*e Kr!4ce C'!re0 Pe)u etc Acee!şi te40iu4e * re34t34i5 34cutur! )er5!4/, c!re 4u +*!te fi re1u0/, f/r/ ! fi !5+ut!t/ şi 1eci, r/u 347ee!0/ 4ici ! +*i7i! 0+iritu!/ !u4ui Mei0ter Ec'!r1t 0!u *et'e, 4ici ! !cee! ! u4ui !)4er 0!u Niet0c'e 34 cutur! e4)e/, +*!rit!te! şi!4ti4*5iie 0e 5!4ife0t/ 34 te40iu4e! 1i4tre e5+iri05 şi +r!)5!ti05, +e 1e * +!rte, r*5!4ti05 şi 0+iritu!i05 +e 1e !t!G 34 cutur! +*rtu)'e/, 34tre &!*rie 0+iritu!e c*4ti4e4t!e şi cee *ce!4ice, 34tre u4 ; 1e Mir!41! şi

u4 C!5*)0 etc34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/, Mi'!i E5i4e0cu şi=! 1*341it u4 *c u4ic T*tuşi, *+er! ui 4u +*!te re+ree4t!



fe4*5e4u 0+iritu! r*5;4e0c 34 34tre)i5e! ui A/turi 1e Mi'!i E5i4e0cu treuie 0/ !5i4ti5 +e C!r!)i!e,1u+/ cu5 !/turi 1e @!01eu treuie !5i4tit (c! 0/=" c*rectee şi 0/=" c*5+etee. Titu M!i*re0cuG !/turi 1e NI*r)! u4 E L*&i4e0cuG !/turi 1e V!0ie P;r&!4 0!u N!e I*4e0cu u4 P!u Z!rif*+*, c! 0/ 4u 5e47i*4/51ec3t c37i&! 1i4tre fru4t!şii cuturii 4*!0tre c!re 4u 5!i 0u4t 34 &i!7/ Te40iu4e! 34tre, 0/ 0+u4e5, +*ue5i4e0ci!4 (0!u i*r)'i0t etc. şi +*u c!r!)i!e0c(0!u *&i4e0ci!4 etc. e0te c*4ti4u/ 1e=! u4)u i0t*rieicuturii r*5;4e 5*1e5e E5i4e0cie4ii re+r*şe!/ c!r!)i!=ie4i*r c*05*+*iti05u *r, i+0! *r 1e r/1/ci4i

34 +/5!1! !ute4tic r*5;4e!0c/ (uti5u *cu+!4t f!4!ri*t, 3 4u5e! N D!&i1e0cu +e C!r!)i!e., eHce0u1e 0+irit critic, c*5+eHu *r 1e i4feri*rit!te f!7/ 1e ci&ii!7i! *cci1e4t!/, !0e47! 0e4ti5e4tuui N!turii 34*+er! J*r, !+ec!re! 0+re ir*4ie, efe5e! şi 0ce+tici05, &!*rific!re! re!i0t/ şi 4e)!ti&/ ! fe5eii şi ! 1r!)*0tei,5i4i5!i!re! +ei0!)iuui rur! şi ri1icui!re! *iceiuri*r +!tri!r'!e etc C!r!)i!ie4ii, 1i5+*tri&/,re+r*şe!/ e5i4e0cie4i*r c*40er&!t*ri05u !ce0t*r!, &iiu4e! *r r*5!4tic/ ! i0t*riei, &!*rific!re! eH!)er!t/! uriui trecut şi u4*r tr!1i7ii 4u t*t1e!u4! &re14ice 1e !u1/, !+ec!re! c/tre e5f!/ şi e7i! 1e cu&i4te, +0eu1*=er*i05u, 5i0t!)*)i! şi +!tri*ti05u *r r/u 347ee0, +r*&i4ci!i05u *r 0+iritu! şi cutur!, !titu1i4e! *riric/ f!7/ 1e N!tur/, fe5eie şi 1r!)*0te etc Te40iu4e! +*e5ic/ 34tre e5i4e0=/i i5i04i şi c!r!)i!i05 &! c*4ti4u! 0/ eHi0te 34c/ 5ut/ &re5e 1e34!i4te, 4utri41 !0tfe 0+iritu!it!te! r*5;4e!0c/, !+/r341=*f*r5!i05 şi +/0tr341=* 1e0c'i0/ 34 f!7! i0t*riei C/ci, 34 f*41,i5+e1e c/ !t3t +*i7i! re+ree4t!t/ 1e C!r!)i!e c3t şi ce!

!t/ 1e E5i4e0cu !+!r7i4 34tr=* e)!/ 5/0ur/ fe4*5e4uui, c'i!r 1!c/ fiec!re 1i4 4*i, +er0*4!, *+t/5 cu eHcu0i&i=i u u4! 0!u !t! K/r/ &*i! 4*!0tr/, Mitic/ ! ui C!r!)i!eucee!şi !ute4ticit!te şi !cee!şi &i)*!re, 1i4 0+iritu!i=0c/ 34t*c5!i c! şi /r5!4u Di*4i0 ! ui E5i4e0cuui Li&iu Rere!4ui +reci/5G 340/, c/ !ce!0t/ +*!rit!te !4ti4*5ic/ şiXU( 5erit!r/ 0e re)/0eşte +e 4e4u5/r!te !te +!4uri, şi 4u ei re1uctii/ ! cee! ce !5 4u5it e5i4e0ci!4i05 şiW i4 A0tfe, 34c/ 1e ! 34ce+uturie cuturii r*5;4ei4t34i5 te41i47! +e c!re !5 4u5i=* ! *5uui u4i&er= tr!t/ 1e Di5itrie C!4te5ir, @!01eu, E5i4e0cu, 34tr=*5/0ur/ N I*r)!., *+u4341u=0e u4ei te41i47e c*4tr!re, +e

* 4u5i *c!/ şi !4ti=u4i&er0!/, !&341 c! 5it ce4tr!U4 r*5;4 !ute4tic, 347ee0 c! * fii47/ 34 +erfect/*u 5e1iu 0/u c*05ic şi 0*ci! (+ei0!u şi &i!7! !r'!ic/ !iii47/ c!re, 1u+/ *+i4i! !ce0t*r !ut*'t*4işti, şi=!r +ier1eiic! şi *ri)i4!it!te! 341!t/ ce !r fi 05u0/ 1i4 5!trice! eiCre!4)/, V!'u7/, 34tre) cure4tu 0/5/4/t*ri0t, !1*=!r Petre0cu şi !7ii 35+/rt/şe0c u4 !0e5e4e! +u4ct 1eii f*0t şi 0u4t 34c/ r*5;4i 1e 0e!5/Y c!re cre1 c/ 4i5ici +*!te i&*r3 1i4 +!4! u4ui 0criit*r c!re ! +ier1utie cu +ei0!u şi f*c*ru 0/te0c 1u+/ cu5 0u4t !7iit*c5!i 1i5+*tri&/F c/ 0i4)ur! ş!40/ +e4tru u4 0criit*r 1e!i 0t/ 34 c!+!cit!te! ui 1e ! 0e !1!+t! ci5!tuui 0+iri=e4t! şi ! 0e i4te)r! u4ui 5!re cure4t ! iter!turi*r *cci=

*4te5+*r!4e De 1*u/ )e4er!7ii 0e 1i0cut/ 34 R*5;4i!i iter!tur! 4*!0tr/ treuie 0/ fie 0+ecific 4!7i*4!/ 0!ucr0!/, uit341u=0e c/ t*!te *+eree cu !1e&/r!t u4i&er0!ei4t/ t*t*1!t/ )e4iu 0+ecific ! u4ui +*+*r uit341u=0eU!r/ c/ iter!tur! ru0/ 0!u 0c!41i4!&/ 0=!u i5+u0 +retuti41e4i,0f3rşitu 0ec*uui trecut 34c*!ce, t*c5!i +e4tru c/ re+rei4t/i u4i&er0! u5!4e 34tr=* '!i4/ 0+ecific/ +*+*ruui şi cuturii[!u 0c!41i4!&eV*5 re)/0i şi 34 tr!1i7i! 4*!0tr/ +*+u!r/ !cee!şi +*!rit!te!4ti4*5ic/ şi c*5+e5e4t!r/ +e c!re !5 34t35+i4!t=* +e/A1i&er0e +!4uri şi 1i4 +er0+ecti&e &!ri!te 34 tr!1i7i! 4*!0tr/ cut/ M!re! 5!*rit!te ! +*+*ruui 4*0tru!c/tui41=* +*+u!7i! !)r!r/, şi f*!rte 5u7i 1i4tre c/rtur!rii şi 0criit*rii 4*ştri fii41 c*+ii 0!u 4e+*7i 1e 7/r!4i, 0=!34r/1/ci4!t ! 4*i cre1i47! c/, 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 R*5;4i! e0te * 7!r/ e5i4!5e4te !)ric*/, t*t !ş! cutur! +*+u!r/ r*5;4/ e0te +ri4 eHcee47/ cre!7i! +u)!ri*r O&i1 De40u0i!4u ! !tr!0, 340/, !te47i! c/ * u4/ +!rte 1i4



+*ei! +*+u!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ e0te 1e i40+ir!7ie şi 1e 0tructur/ +!0t*r!/ Liric! şi !!1! +*+u!r/ 0e !r!t/ ! fi1*5i4!t/ 1e 5*ti&ee +!0t*r!e Miori&a, *+er! ce! 5!i 1e 0e!5/ ! 0e40iiit/7ii 4*!0tre +*+u!re, *)i41eşte u4C*05*0 +!0t*r!, i!r 1r!5! ei i&*r/şte 1i4 1e0ti4ee şi 0i4)ur/t!te! ci*!4i*r orul, 340uşi, ! f*0t, 1!c/ 4ucre!t, ce +u7i4 !134cit şi !5+ific!t +34/ ! * eH+re0ie 5et!fiic/ ! eHi0te47ei +ri4 tri0te7ie şi 5e!4c*iieci*!4i*r, 34 4e0f3rşitee *r r/t/ciri 0te!re A/turi 1e !ce0te cre!7ii 0+ecific +!0t*r!e, +r*1uc7i! +u)!ri*r34r/1/ci4!7i 1e &e!curi 34 +re!5! r!1e*r şi 5*r5i4te*r *r +*!te fi e04e 1ei5it!t/ 34tre!)! iter!tur/

ritu!/ 34 e)/tur/ cu 0/r/t*rie +eri*1ice, c! şi f*c*ru rei)i*0, c! şi !!1! er*ic/, +!r ! fi cre!7ii 0+ecificec*5u4it/7ii 7/r/4eşti B!!1! Meşteruui M!4*e, 1!c/ 4u e0te * i4&e47ie eHcu0i&/ ! +u)!ri*r +r*+riu=işi,e0te 34 *rice c! c!+*1*+er! *!5e4i*r !şe!7i, e)!7i 1e +/534t"C341 &*ri5 1e cre!7ii +!0t*r!e şi cre!7ii 7/r/4eşti, 4u e 34 )341u 4*0tru 1e ! e c*40i1er! 1re+t produse0trict 1eter5i4!te 1e c*41i7iie 0*ci!e şi ec*4*5ice !e +/0t*ri*r şi !)ricut*ri*r Nu c/1e5 34 )reşe!! 1e !0*c*ti * *+er/ 1e !rt/ 0!u * &iiu4e )*!/ ! u5ii 1re+t +r*1u0u eHcu0i& ! c*41i7ii*r ec*4*5ic*=0*ci!e D!r4u e 5!i +u7i4 !1e&/r!t c/ *rice c*41i7ie u5!4/, fie e! i41i&i1u!/ 0!u c*ecti&/, e0te * situa&ie istoric$, şi 1i4 +er0+ecti&! ei 0e 1e0c'i1 !4u5ite u4i&er0uri 0+iritu!e i4!cce0iie 0!u, 34 *rice c!, 5!i +u7i4 f!5ii!re altor0itu!7ii i0t*rice orul 4u e u4 +r*1u0 ! G J c*41i7iei ec*4*5ic*=0*ci!e ! +/0t*ri*r 1!r * !0e5e4e! c*41i7ie ! f/cut +*0ii/ şi ! +*te47!t tr/ire! şi eH+re0i! !ce0tui \" Nu e *cu !ici 1e ! 0t!ii originile şi ! +reci! difu)area !ce0t*r 5*ti&e +*+u!re, !t3t cee 1e 0tructur/ +!0t*r!/ c3t şi cee !)r!re De0tu 0/ *0er&!5 c/ +r*1u0ee iter!turii +*+u!re, 1eşi 3şi !u r/1/ci4ie 0!ui&*!ree 1e i40+ir!7ie !iure!, treuie0c c*40i1er!te eH+re0ii !e 0ufetuui +*+u!r r*5;4e0c 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re

!0e5e4e! 5*ti&e, fie ee )e4er! !c!4ice 0!u c'i!r u4i&er0!e, !u f*0t alese, cîntate şi re.create 1e c/tre4e!5u r*5;4e0ce4ti5e4t 5et!fiic re&e!t 1e 0i4)ur/t!te, 1e+/rt!re, 5e!4c*ie, 4*0t!)ie etc, 0e4ti5e4t +e c!re=" eH+ri5/ cu!t3t! !cuit!te I u&34tu dor+P/0t*rii !ceşti 5!ri4!ri +e u0c!t, cu5 3i 4u5eşte C*40t!4ti4 N*ic! !u !c/tuit 1i4 cee 5!i &ec'i ti5+uri* +re1i!0+*r! r*5;4e!0c/ Purt341u=şi tur5ee 1i4 C!r+!7ii +/1ur*şi +34/ 34 D*r*)e!, 0!u 1i4 Mu47ii A+u0e4i +34/ 34 B!0!r!i! şi u4cie Ni0truui, ei !u c*4triuit 4u 4u5!i ! 5e47i4ere! u4it/7ii )r!iuui iceiuri*rr*5;4eşti, 1!r !u !c/tuit t*t*1!t/ u4 ee5e4t u4i&er0!i0t 34 +/5!1! cuturii +*+u!re Ei !u 1e0c*+erit şi cu4*0cute ee5e4tee 1e u4it!te !e )ru+uri*r 1e ci&ii!7ii ire e 34t34e!u 34 &!0t! *r tr!40'u5!4t/ Ei !u /r)itt*t 5!i 5ut 0fer! 4*7iu4ii 1e &eci4, !u 1e0c*+erit c*47i4utu u5!4 ! i4uui, !u 1e+/şit c*5+eHee 1e0u0+iciu4e şi te!5/ f!7/ 1e 4i, )r!iuri, cre1i47e şi *iceiuri eHce4trice P/0t*rii !u 1e0c*+erit omul şi omenia 4u4u5!i c! * c!te)*rie rei)i*!0/ ! eHi0=i (f/+tur! ui Du54eeu., cu5 * f/cu0er/ 1e 5ut r*5;4ii i4 t*t!it!te!*r, ci !u 1e0c*+erit *5u34 c*4cretu ui i0t*ric, şi 4u 34!+*i! 4e4u5/r!te*r şi !1e0e! c*4tr!1ict*rii*r &!ri!4te "

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5e!4c*iie 1er/1/ci4/rii, ci şi u4 0e4ti5e4t i!4t 1e r!t!re şi 4i5ic4icie Cu5, 34 +!)i4ie 1e f!7/, 4e u+/ 34 +ri5u r341 !0+ectu 0+iritu! ! e5i)r!7iei, 4e )341i5 i !cei +*e7i, 0criit*ri, c/rtur!ri 0!u )341it*ri r*5;4i 1e +e0te (e c!re 0e &*r 34tre! 34 ce 5/0ur/ &*r 5!i +ute! c*4triui 0+*rire! cuturii r*5;4eşti, 34 ce 5/0ur/4e+!rtici+!re! ! *rie4t! c*ecti&/ r*5;4e!0c/ 4u e &! 0ec/tui +uterie *r 1e @t şi tr/irie 34 !te +er0+ecti&e0+iritu!e 4u e &*r !1uter! icit!te! Tutur*r !ce0t*r! e &*5 !5i4ti c/ ci*!4ii c!re 3şi i tur5ee 1i4 M!r!5ureş +34/ 34 u4cie 1u4/re4e 0!u i5!=, i0truui +!rcur)e!u 7i4341 0e!5/ 1e *ri*4tu *r 0+iritu! 5*5e4tu *ri0t*ric 0+!7ii 5!i &!0te 1ec3t re+rei4t/ u u4 r*5;4 1i4 !4u "#<8 * c//t*rie 34 A5eric! 1e u1 0!u iii4!Di!0+*r! r*5;4e!0c/ 4u e0te, 1eci, 1ec3t * &!ri!4t/ u/ ! tr!40'u5!4tei +!0t*r!e Pe 1e !t/ +!rte, e &*5 c/5*5e4tu i0t*ric !ctu! c!re +re)/teşte !t3te! 4*i 1e u4i&er0!i05, 34ce+341 cu *r)!4i!re! fe1er!ti&/ !c*4ti=F*r şi 0f3rşi41 cu i1e!urie ecu5e4icit/7i*r 0+iritu!e Iu\ !ce0t! i0t*ric 34cur!e!/, şi, ce&! 5!i 5ut,0*icit/ eH+erie47/ şi * 347ee)ere )*!/ ! u5ii şi ! eHi0te47eiG 47/ şi 347ee)ere 5!i 0+*r4ic 34f/+tuit/ 34 c!1ru1i!0+*rei !i +e4tru c/ 34 7/rie *cu+!te 1e 0*&ietici fii41 i5+*0ii/ We!7ie 0+iritu!/ ier/ e0te 4e&*ie c!!ce!0t/ cre!7ie 0/ 0e +i4i 5/c!r !c** u41e e! 4u e0te i4teri0/, ci şi +e4tru c/ u5e! &iit*!re &! 4!şte +ri4tr=u4

ef*rt 1e ! )/0i eH+re=Frete, i0t*rice, i1e!uri*r şi eH+erie47e*r u4i&er0!i0te i, 0=!u 34t35+!t ucrurie 34c/ 1i4ti5+u 1i!0+*rei e&re=!re ! 1!t !t3t +e f34tu P! &e c3t şi +e cee 5!i fecu41e c4c 5i0tice iu1!ice !0e5e4e!i1e!uri şi eH+erie47e u4i&er=5t 5!i uş*r !cce0iie e5i)r!7ii*r 1ec3t c*ecti&it/7i*r ;ti4!te 1i4 0+!7iu *r 4!t!E5i)r!47ii, !ş!1!r, 4u !u 1re+tu 1e ! 0e 0i57i ru+7i 1i4 fe4*u r*5;4e0c c*4te5+*r!4 De+/şi41 !5/r/ciu4e!340tr/i4/rii, u4t 1!t*ri 0/ i! c*4ştii47/ 1e fu4c7i! i0t*ric/ şi 0e54ific!7i! tu!; ! eH+erie47ei *rF c!re 4u e, 34 4iciu4 c!, * eH+erie47/ e4tric/, ci re+rei4t/, 1i5+*tri&/, * re&e!7ie '*t/r3t*!re !t3t I5 1e0ti4u +*+*ruui şi cuturiir*5;4eşti, c3t şi +e4tru 1e0ti=23

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i4u Eur*+ei şi 0+irituui eur*+e!4 Cre1i47! 34 iert!te! 0+iritut\ 4u 5!i +*!te fi 5!4ife0t!t/, 34 7/rie *cu+!te 1e0*&ietici, 1e? +ri4 ertfire! +r*+riei iert/7i, 34 !şte+t!re! ertfei 0u+re5e &ie7ii Ace0tei 0+iritu!it/7i c!re 0e5!4ife0t/, !c**, +ri4 rei0te47i şi +r*te0t treuie 0/=i c*re0+u41/ !ici, 34 1i!0+*r!, * 0+iritu!it!? c!re 0/&!*rifice 34 c'i+ +*iti& iert!te! u5!4/ şi &re14icii +er0*4!it/7ii u5!4e, !1ic/ * 0+iritu!it!te 1e ti+u4i&er0!i0t Der/1/ci4!re!, +rie)i!, 340trei4!re!, t*!te !ce0te! 034t c*40e ci47ee 5*5e4tuui i0t*ricc*4te5+*r!4, c!re 0e c!r!cterie!/ +ri4 ci*c4ire! 34tre 1*u/ c*4ce+7ii 1e &i!7/F ! iert/7ii şi &!*riY fic/rii +er0*!4ei u5!4e, +e 1e * +!rte ! t*t!it!ri05uui şi !*irii +er0*!4ei u5!4e, +e 1e !t/ +!rte A u! c*4ştii47/1 0itu!7i! i0t*ric/ !ctu!/ şi ! fi )!t! 1e ! +/ti +re7u c!re 0e cere ! 0/ +*7i 1e&e4i martorul c*4te5+*r!4eit/7iie0te 1!t*ri! fiec/rui *5 ierG !ce0t +re7 0e +/teşte şi 34 7!r/, şi 34 e5i)r!7ieG cu 1e*01 ire! c/ cei 1i4 7!r/ +/te0c

cu iert!te! şi cu &i!7! *r tr/ire! 34 c*4te5+*r!4eit!te, 34 ti5+ ce 4*i +/ti5 1*!r cu u5ii47ee 4e&*ie şitri0te7ie e5i)r!7iei



D!r, +e 1e !t/ +!rte, !0u+r! 1i!0+*rei !+!0/ * 5i0iu4e 5ui 5!i )re! Di4 034u ei, 1i4 0uferi47ee, 4/1e1ie şire&e!7iie ci &! treui 0/ 0e 1e0uşe!0c/ * &iiu4e ecu5e4ic/ ! u5ii şi i0t*riei criit*rii şi c/rtur!rii refu)i!7i, 345/0ur! 34 c!re &*r u! c*4ştii47/ 1e fu4c7i! cu c!re 3i 0*icit/ i0t*ri!, &*r cuti&! &!*ri t*t 5!iB u4i&er0!i0te şi&*r cre! *+ere 34 c!re c*41i7i! u5!4/ 3şi &! re&e!B 0itu!7ii t*t 5!i !ute4tice 34 !ce!0t/ +er0+ecti&/, ei 3şi &*rrecu4*!şte 1re+t +recur0*ri !t3t +e ci*!4ii 34 rit5ic/ şi &!0t/ tr!40'u 5!4t/, c3t şi +e !ut*rii u4i&er0!işti 1i4tr!1i7i! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/ D!r, 1e 1!t! !ce!0t!, &*r fi 1e+/şite !)re0i&it!te!, !ut*f!)e!re! şi re0e4ti5e4tee

+e c!re e tr/1!u, ! 4*i, cure4te1 cutur!e *cci1e4t!i!4te şi c*05*+*ite Pe4tru +ri5! 1!t/, u4i&er0!i05u 4u&! 5!i fi i5it!t ! &!*rie Occi1e4tuui eur*+e!4 1e ti+ c!0ic, r*5!4tic 0!u ur)'e ci &*r fi, 1e !0e5e 4e!,1e0c*+erite, tr/ite şi !0i5i!te &!*ri 0+iritu!e eHtr!=eur*+e4e şi 1e 0tructuri +*+u!re Ni5e4i 4u +*!te )'ici 1e +e !cu5 34 ce 0e40 0e &*r *rie4t! cre!7iie 1e 53i4e !e 1i!0+*rei r*5;4eşti De u4ucru +ute5 fi 0i)uriF c/ ee &*r 0+*ri &!*rie tr!1i7iei 4*!0tre u4i&er0!i0te, 4e+ier341, +ri4 !ce!0t!, 4ici!ute4ticit!te! *r cur!t r*5;4e!0c/, 4ici *cu *r 34 i0t*ri! cuturii r*5;4eşti0Luceaf$rul, 4*ie5rie, "#<8.S;1i4 0c4=%W*L PEŞ!'RIE Ve0te! 4e=! 341urer!t +e t*7i, 1!r 4u 4e=! 0ur+ri40ti!5 1e 5ut c/ eHti Puşc!riu e *0341it Af!0e50*ri, 1i4 &*4uri, 1i4 0+u0ee e5i)r!47i*r c/ 5!ree 0!&!4t 0e

u+t/ 1i4 )reu, f/r/ 4/1e1e, cu 5*!rte! Af!0e5, 5!i !e0, c/fu0e0e i)*4it 1i4 t*!te !şe/5i4tee cutur!e5u4c! 0!u 5/c!r cu 0+rii4u 1e !0tr/ucitu c/rtur!r +e c!re e cre!0e, 0!u e ci40ti0e cu 5u4c! 0!u 5*S aS Sr ,, 0/u 34cet, 34cet, i 0e u!0e t*tuF 1re+tu 1e ! +uic!, 1re+tu 1e &*ri, 1re+tu 1e ! c/c! +r!)u Ac!1e5iei R*5;4e i, c! şi c341 b/r/ci!, i*!re!, +*4e)rire! 4=!r fi f*0t 1e=!u40, =!u 4/+/0tuit, u4! 1u+/ !t!, *ie 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, !+r*!+e +!r!i!t, 3şi +ier=şi &e1ere! 34 c!0! ui 7/r/4e!0c/ 1i4 Br!4, 7i4tuit 34 34tu4eric, 534)3i!t 1*!r 1e 1e&*t!5e4tu fiicei 0!e, eHtiPuşc!riu 0=!i7it 0/ 5*!r/ 1u+/ 1!ti4! 7/riiF 34 1e0/&3rşit/ 0i4)ur/t!te,c! 0/

Xc +*!t/ !+r*+i! cur!t 1e Du54eeuCe +/c!te ! treuit 0/ r/0cu5+ere 0uferi47! !ce!0t! u4)/, 4e347ee!0/ şi 4ecru7/t*!re^ 34 +ri5u r341, +/c!tu 1e !fi creut 5ii * 0+iritu!it!te r*5;4e!0c/, 34tr=* i5/, * i0t*rie şi * cutur/ r*5;4e!0c/ De ! fi creut 34 ee şi 1e! fi 34cerc!t 0/ e 0+*re!0c/ I i! +ri4 +r*+ri! ui 5u4c/ şi +ri4 +r*+ri! ui cre!7ie 34 *c, *!r/, 1e ! e +r*0/&i, +ur şi 0i5+u, 1e ! * 5!0/ 1e c!fe4e! Wre 1e*0eire 1e !t3te! 4*t*rii 4uit/7i cutur!e, c!re şi=!u cucerit 7i4utc!rier! +ri4 +!tri*ti05, eHti Puşc!riu er!, 34!i4te 1e u4 f*!rte 5!re 0!&!4t tii47! ui 4=* +ute! +u4e 4i5e4i! i!/ Au f*0t f/r/ 4u5/r c*40!cr/rie &e4ite 1e +e0te )r!4i7/ I i +ri4tre cee 5!i 5/)uit*!re treuie !5i4tit/!e)ere! ui c! @iru ! Ac!1e5iei er5!4e, ci40te +e c!re 4ici u4 r*5;4 4u ! @. 1e ! Di5itrie C!4te5ir34c*!ce C!5 t*t ce 0=! ucr!t 34 iii 2> 1e !4i 34 fi**)i! r*5;4e!0c/ i 0e 1!t*reşte ui E ! ui!t :4i&er0it!te!1i4 Cu, cu !15ir!iu Mueu ! Li5ii Bfi4eG e ! fu41!t re&i0t! aco.Romania şi ! 0t/ruit 0/ i! fii47/ va de

olclor1 e ! +u0 ! c!e 'tlasul Lingvistic al Rom=niei+ @4rşit, 0eri! 1e 5*4*)r!fii şi 0tu1ii 1e 0+eci!it!te !f*0t 34cu4u=+ri4 !ce! !15ir!i/ Limba roman$, ! c/rei +ri5 şi, 1i4 ricire, 0i4)uru &*u5 ! !+/rut 34"#<$ D!r 34 !f!r/ 1e +/c!tu 1e ! fi creut 34 5u4c! şi *4e0tit!te! i7ific/, 34tr=* 7!r/ 34 c!re !t3te! c!riere 0e f!c +ri4 tee)r!5ee *r 1e c!i4et, 34 !f!r/ 1e !ce0t 5!re +/c!t ! 0!&!4tuui eHtiic!riu, 0e !1!u)/ &i4!ui f/r/ 5!r)i4i 1e ! fi creut 34 c!+!cit!S<te! 1e cre!7ie ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c eHti Puşc!riu )'ici0e, 1i4cercet/rie ui i4)&i0tice şi f*c*ri0tice, uri!şee reer&e cre!t*!re!e 4e!5uui 4*0tru Pe4tru e, f*r5u! ui Titu M!i*re0cu 4urei0t/ ceu! er! 4u 4u5!i 4e1re!+t/, ci şi i4c*rect/ Ceu!r*5;4e!0c/ rei0t!0e f*!rte i4e ! !t3te! ef*rturi i4teectu!e şi!t3te! 341r/4ei cre!t*!reG 1*&!1/F C!4te5ir, E5i4e0cu, I*r)!eHti Puşc!riu cre1e!, 1i5+*tri&/, c/ 0+iritu!it!te! r*5;4e!0c/*1!t/ 34 0t/+34ire! i40tru5e4te*r ei 1e eH+re0ie, 3şi &! +ute! 1!i

c*4triu7i! +e t*!te t/r35urie, 1e ! ştii47! eH!ct/ ! +*eie şi5et!fiic/ eHti Puşc!riu cre1e!, c! şi )e4er!7i! ui Luci!4iB!)!, 34tr=u4 1e0ti4 5!*r ! 0+iritu!it/7ii r*5;4eşti D!r *



!0i)ur!u t*tuşi +/0tr!re! &!*ri*r 0+iritu!e +r*+rii şi trecere! *r, 34c*4ti4uu 35*)/7ite, 1i4 )e4er!7ie 34)e4er!7ie I4&!iie 0e ur5!u u4! 1u+/ !t!, !şe/rie er!u 5i0tuite, *!5e4ii 5/ce/ri7i 0!u 1uşi 34 r*ie 1!r4ici e)e! creşti4e!0c/, 4ici *iceiurie, 4ici )r!iu, 4ici c34tecee 4u +ute!u fi 05u0e 1i4 0ufete 0!u şter0e 1i4!5i4=Si4c i, 1e !tfe, 4ici u4u 1i4 4/&/it*ri 4u ur5/re! u4 !0e5e4e! ucruG ei &e4e!u ! 4*i i0+iti7i 1e *)/7iie

+/534tuui 4*0truG 0ufetu, cu t*!te !e 0!e, 4i=" /0!uI40+ir!t*rii 1ui C'işi4e&0i 4u &*r 0/ 5!i re+ete !cee!şi!/ Deşi 0e +re&!e!/ 1e ! * fi**fie 5!teri!i0t/, ei ştiu i4e c/ ce 5!i )reu 1e iruit !1&er0!r r/534e 0ufetu i cu0ufet, +e c!re=" 0i5t *0ti, 0e +re)/te0c 0/ 1e! u+t!'*/r3t*!re C341 3 &*r fi iruit, 3şi &*r +ute! 1! fr3u ier tutur*r 47e*r 1e !4eHiu4e ! 34tre)uui +*+*r şi 1e t*+ire ! ui 34i 0!&=eur!0i!tic// 4u 4e /0/5 !5/)i7i 1e u4 +re! iefti4 *+ti5i05 / 4u 5 cu +re! 5!re uşuri47/ cee ş!+te i4i5i 34 +ie+tu=i 1ei !e e)e41!ruui r*5;4 34 cuiu ui 1e &utur etc, etc WCe0t r*5;4 1e !!1/, 1u+/ u4 0ec* 1e 5!!rie, +e!)r/, 0ifii0, u!i5e4t!7ie şi +*itici!4i05, !+r*!+e c/ 0=! f/cut 4e&/ut Ne!5u 4*0tru e0te !0t/i !ş! cu5 3şti5 t*7i c/ e0teF i0t*&it +34/ u&/ 1e 1*u/ c!5+!4ii 034)er*!0e, 1e f*!5ete, 1e ter*!reG şi WDe! ce 5i 0e +!re şi5!i )r!&, +e c!e 1e !=şi +ier1e c//uit*rii ui fireşti, eitee Lucru e0te cu !t3t 5!i tr!)ic cu c3t 4u 5!i e U!

1e * cutur/ 1e 0tructur/ f*c*ric/, !ş! cu5 er!, +34/ 5!i B u4 0ec*, cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ !+r*!+e 34 34tre)i5e!eiG c!re, 340/şi 0tructur! ei f*c*ric/ şi 5i*!cee 0!e 1e cre!7ie şi W05i0iu4e e-clusiv orale 0e !f!1i4c** 1e *rice 0iuire Mu 1e0fii47!re Cutur! 4*!0tr/ 7/r/4e!0c/ e0te, e! 340/şi, 34 +ref!= 1e ! 34ce+utu!ce0tui 0ec* Tr!1i7iie şi &!*rie ei !u f*0t 1e 5!i 5ute *ri )u1uite, şi *cu+!7i! ! &e4it 34tr=u4 ce!0 1e t*t!/ +ri5e4ire şi re!1!+t!re ! 0tiuui 1e &i!7/ tr!1i7i*4! ! 0tiu 1e &i!7/ i5+u0 1e 5*5e4tu i0t*ric !ctu! +re1e*0eire 1e 4/&/irie 0ec*e*r +rece1e4te, 1e 1!t! !ce!0t! 0ufetu 4!7iei 4*!0tre 4u 0e 5!i !f/ ! !1/+*0t 34534/0tiri şi 34 &i0urie c3t*r&! c34t/re7i r/t/cit*ri 1i4 c*1ru 34 c*1ru, ci e 0e !f/ 5!i !e0 !c** u41e +*!te fi 5!iuş*r i1e4tific!t şi !5u7itF 34 c3te&! şc*i 34!te, 34 c37i&! !rtişti şi 0criit*ri, 34 c37i&! c/rtur!ri şi +r*fe0*ri35+*tri&! !ce0t*r *curi şi 35+*tri&! !ce0t*r *!5e4i 3şi eHercit/ !0t/i ter*!re! +*i7i! cutur!/ ! 1=uiC'işi4e&0i Nu 5!i e 4e&*ie 0/ !5i4ti5 ce 0e 34t35+/ 1e c3t&! ti5+ 34 Q!r/F 5ii 1e c/r7i +u0e ! i41eH, ii*teci 34tre)ie+ur!te, 5ii*!4e 1e eHe5+!re 1i4 5!rii 4*ştri !ut*ri c*4fi0c!te, 5!4u0cri0ee c!0ici*r c! şi 1*cu5e4teei0t*riei 4*!0tre 1u0e 34 Ru0i! 0!u 1i0tru0e, +r*fe0*rii u4i&er0it!ri &3ri7i 34 0tr!1/ 0!u 34 34c'i0*ri şi

SA34*cui7i, +e c!te1re, cu !)e47i 0tr/i4i, 0criit*rii şi !rtiştii 5urit*ri1e f*!5e 34 *r1eiee *r 0!u 34 te54i7e etc, etc T*!te !ce0te! 0!ştiu Cee! ce 0e ştie 5!i +u7i4, 0u4t c*40eci47ee, 1e * eHtre5!)r!&it!te, !e !ce0tui 5et*1ic !0!0i4!t ! cuturii r*5;4eşti C/ci4u e &*r! 4u5!i 1e * 0i4c*+/ trec/t*!re, !ş! cu5 3şi 34c'i+ui!uu4ii 1i4 4*i +34/ 5!i !cu5 u4 !4, 1*i E &*r!, +ur şi 0i5+u, 1!u4 5!0!cru cutur! +34/ 34 cee 5!i 5ici !5/4u4te e ur5/reşte\uci1 şi 03r)ui4ci*0, 1ec!+it!re! 4*!0tr/ 0+iritu!/ O !0e5e4e!1ec!+it!re 0+iritu!/ 0e +*!te 1*341i cu +re7u ! * 5ie 0!u ! ece5ii 1e cre!t*ri şi i4teectu!iG 1!r, 1i4 4efericire, e! 0e +*!te1*341i Ii 0e +*!te 1*341i +e4tru c/, !0t/i, *rice 0e +*!te i5+r*&i! 34 u5e, !f!r/ 1e 0tructur! u4ei cuturi Ne treuie

ce +u7i4 ş!i0+reece !4i c! 0/ +re)/ti5 u4 +r*fe0*r 1e iceu Ne=!u treuit trei &e!curi c! 0/ !&e5 u4 Mi'!iE5i4e0cu 0!u u4 Nic*!e I*r)! i 0/ 4u 4i 0e r/0+u41/ 1e c/tre u4ii +!tri*7i *+ti5işti c/, ! ur5! ur5e*r, 4e +ute5 i+0i 1e cutur/, 5ufu5i41u=4e cu * u4/ !)ricutur/ Di4 4e4*r*cire, u4! f/r/ !t! 4u 0e +*!teA15ir!iii +u)!ri 1i4 trecutu 4*0tru 4u er!u 4işte i4cu7iG 1i5+*tri&/, ei er!u 5ut 5!i cuti&!7i 1ec3t +u)!rii 1i4 iu! 1e !iG 4u5!i c/ !+!r7i4e!u u4ui !t ti+ 1e cutur/ 1ec3t ce! c!re 34ce+e! cu 34&/7!re!!f!etuui şi 0e 34c'ei! cu cetire! ur4!uui 1e 1i5i4e!7/M*5e4tu i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4 4e=! i5+u0 u4 !4u5it ti+ 1e cutur/F ce !f!etic Pe !ce0t 4i&e, ! 0cri0uui,0u4te5 *i)!7i 0/ I 4e i5+u4e5 şi 4*i cre!7iie 4*!0tre 0+iritu!e, !ş! cu5 * f!ce5 1e " !tfe, şi 4u f/r/ 0ucce0,1e &reu4 0ec* 34c*!ceVr341, 4e&r341, * 4!7iu4e 3şi 5e47i4e i1e4tit!te! 0+iritu!/ +ri4 +r*+ri! ei cutur/, şi u4 t!t 3şi u0tific/ eHi0te47!ui i0t*ric/ +ri4 cre!7iie cutur!e !e u4*r! 1i4 5e5rii 0/i Au f*0t şi *!5e4i c!re !u creut t*c5!i c*4tr!riu(C341 !u1 cu&34tu cultur$ u4i &i4e 0/ 0c*t re&*&eru. D!i !5 &/ut u41e ! 1u0 !0e5e4e! c*4ce+7ie!cutur!/ ! t!tuui A0tfe 0t341 ucrurie, şi 7i4341 0e!5! 1e !0!0i4!re! 5et*1ic/ ! cuturii r*5;4eşti 0u*cu+!7ie, * r/0+u41ere f/r/ 5!r)i4i !+!0/ +e u5erii ce*r c!re, 34 ur5! !t3t*r 35+reur/ri fericite, 0e ucur/!0t/i 1e iert!te! 1e 1i4c** 1e )r!4i7ee Q/rii Pe u5erii !ce0t*r c3te&! 0ute 1e i4teectu!i r*5;4i 0tu1e47i,



+r*fe0*ri, c/rtur!ri, 0criit*ri, !rtişti !+!0/ !0t/i, * 5i0iu4e c!re !r fi f/cut 0/ ş*&/i!0c/ c'i!r tit!4i c!E5i4e0cu, @!01eu, I*r)! Pe4tru c/ 4u 5!i e &*r!, c! !t/1!t/, +ur şi 0i5+u 1e ! ceti şi 0crie c/r7i, 1e ! fi, cu50e 0+u4e i4teectu! E &*r!OBi +reu! * 34tre!)/ tr!1i7ie 0+iritu!/, 1e ! * +/0tr! &ie şi 0+*r=, 1e ! * 35*)/7i şi, 5!i !e0, 1e ! * +ref!ce 34 !ş! fe 34c3t e!

*!t/ f!ce f!7/ )u1uiri*r tr!)ice 1e 53i4e Pe4tru c/, 0/ 4u 4ei+ui5 c/, 53i4e, 4e &*5 +ute! 34t*!rce ! !cee!şi &!*ri cutu=c!re 4e=!u 4utrit !1*e0ce47! şi ti4ere7e! i !ce0te &!*riur!e, c! şi t*!te cee!te &!*ri, &*r treui +ref/cute şi*)/7ite, 1!c/ &*i5 0/ 0u+r!&ie7ui5 c! fii47/ 0+iritu!/ !ut*=/ 34 u5e! 1e 53i4e u 1ict!tur! 1*54uui C'işi4e&0i,ie4e! &!*ri 4u 4u5!i c/ 4u +*t fi 35*)/7ite, 1!r ee 0u4tite +34/ 34 r/1/ci4/ u4te5 !5e4i47!7i 0/ 4u 5!i )/0i5, !cere, 1ec3t 0cru5u (i, 34 cutur/, şti5 ce +*!te 340e54!t cu&34tF 0cru5 . De !cee! 0+u4e!5 c/ 0!rci4! +e c!re4tu i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4 * !ş!/ +e u5erii eitei r*5;4eşti1e fir!&e. 1i4 0tr/i4/t!te !r fi f/cut 0/ ş*&/i!0c/ c'i!r )e4iie5!i cute/t*!re !e 4e!5uui 4*0truF +e4tru c/, +e 1e * +!rte,

e !ce0t*r c3te&! 0ute 1e i4teectu!i 0/ +/0tree &ie * tr!1i7ietu!/ +e c!re 5ute 5ii !4e&*ie !r fi +utut=* c*4ti4u!G i!r +et/ +!rte, i 0e cere 0/ * +ref!c/ 34 c*40*4!47/ cu 5*5e4tuu7i*4!r 34 c!re 0e !f/ i4te)r!7i, 5*5e4t !e c/rui +r*+*r7ii şi0it!te 4e 0u4t 34c/ 4ecu4*0cute I1e4tit!te! şi c*4ti4uit!te!u!/ ! 4e!5uui 4*0tru 34 4*u! et!+/ ! i0t*riei u4i&er0!e 1e1 i4!u)ur!t/ 1e+i41e 34 +ri5u r341 1e c!+!cit!te! 1e !1!+=şi cre!7ie ! i4tei)e47ei r*5;4eşti i, 34 !ce0t 5*5e4t cu!r!t cruci! +e4tru 4*i, c! şi +e4tru u5e! 34tre!)/, u4 destin/, c!re e t*t*1!t/ şi u4 destin politic, 0e cere ! fi +urt!t 1e! 0ute 1e i4teectu!i c!re, 34 5!re! *r 5!*rit!te, 0e tree0cc!re 1i5i4e!7/ cu * 0i4)ur/, ur)e4t/ +r*e5/F !cee! ! +3i4iiB !ce! i

IIM*5e4tu +*itic c*4te5+*r!4 0e cri0t!ie!/ t*t 5!i c!r, c!u şi i5+!c!i r/*i rei)i*0 Cei c!re u1ec/ i0t*ri! uti5i=rii şi 0e +re)/te0c 0/ 347ee!)/ i0t*ri! !4i*r c!re &i4 ! u5i4!!cte*r 0*ci!e şi ! te40iu4i*r +*itice 1i4 0ec*u ! gg=e!0/ 4u 347ee!)/ 4i5ic 1i4 t*t ce 0=! 34t35+!t şi, 5!i !e0, 1i4i4i e 0e &! 34t35+! 34 uru 4*0tru Nu e &*r! 4u5!i 1e *+*i7i!Hfe 1*u/ i1e**)ii +*itice, ci, 34 +ri5u r341, 1e !+!ri7i! 34ui i0t*ric ! u4ei 5i0tici re&*u7i*4!re, c!re ti41e cu 4ece0it!tei41ere! ei &ict*ri*!0/ +e t*!t/ 0u+r!f!7! +!4etei şi, c! !t!re,O/! 4i5icire! *ric/rei rei0te47e, 1e *rice 4!tur/ !r fi e! C/ !ce!0u5i0tic/ !ş!=i0/ re&*u7i*4!r/ ec'i&!e!/ 34 re!it!te cu * re34t*!4

cere ! 0itu!7ii i0t*rice 1e 5ut !+u0e * ştiu, 1i4 4efericire, t*!ti!ce0te 4e!5uri c!re 0u+*rt/ ter*!re! *cu+!4tuui D!r +e4tri347ee)ere! eH!ct/ ! 5*5e4tuui +e c!re=" tr/i5 4u 4e e 1e 4ici iuf**0 1e0c*+erire! c*4tr!1ic7iei 34tre 5i0tic! re&*u7i*4!r/ 1e Jc!re 0e re&e41ic/ *cu+!4tu şi 34tre i40tru5e4tee ui, şi +urt!reJui, cu5 0e 0+u4e, +e tere4 C/ !ce!0t/ re&*u7ie 0e tr!1uce+e tere4, cu * 4e*=i*/)ie 5!i cu5+it/ 1ec3t t*!te r*iie cu4*0=cute +34/ !cu5 34 i0t*rieG c/, 34 re!it!te, 0e ur5/reşte !4u!re!tutur*r +r*)re0e*r 0+iritu!e 1*341ite 34 !ce!0t/ +!rte ! u5ii 1!! *cr!te 34c*!ce ucru 0e ştie şi 0=! 0+u0 1e 4e4u5/r!te *ribA0t! 4u 0c'i5/, 340/, 34tru 4i5ic 0itu!7i! I5+*rt!4t, +e4tru 4*iSe0te 0/ 347ee)e5 i5+e1e c!re e 0*!rt! &!*ri*r cuturii r*5;4eşti34 !ce0t r/*i rei)i*0 34 c!re, cu 0!u f/r/ &*i! 4*!0tr/, 4e !f/5!4)!!7iA5i4te!5 34 !rtic*u trecut 5/0urie 1e 1e0fii47!re ! cuturii 4*!0tre 4!7i*4!e, +u0e 34 !+ic!7ie 1e c/tre



!ut*rit/7ie 1e *cu+!7iei E0te e&i1e4t c/ 0e ur5/reşte 4i5icire! 4*!0tr/ c! u4it!te et4ic/ ş 0+iritu!/ !ut*4*5/E0te, i!r/şi, e&i1e+t c/, +urt/t*ri !i u4ui r/*i rei)i*0 1e +r*+*r7ii 5*41i!e, i40+ir!t*rii şi eHecut!47ii 1uiC'işi4e&0i ştiu c/ * !0e5e4e! 4i5icire 4u +*!te 0/ fie 1u0/ ! u4 0f3rşit 1ec3t +ri4 eHter5i4!re! elitelor4*!0tre i4teectu!e / 4u uit/5, 340/, c/, 34 *+tic! r/*iuui rei)i*0, 1i0tru)ere! 0+iritu!it/7ii !1&er0!ruui ! ei*r, 5ituri*r, 0i5*uri*r ui," 0!u +ur şi 0i5+u, ! i&*!re*r ui 1e cre!7ie !re t*t*1!t/ u4 0e40 +*itic :4u 1i4 0e54ee c!r!cteri0tice !e ti5+uri*r 4*!0tre e0teS şi !ce0t!F c/ ce4tru 1e )reut!te ! u+te*r

+*itice 0=! 1e+!0!t 1eb +e +!4u ec*4*5ic, 0*ci! 0!u +*itic +r*+riu=i0, +e ce 0+iritu!S Aş! 0=! 34t35+!t, 1e!t5i4teri, 34 t*!te 5!rie c*tituri !e i0t*rieiGS !ş! 0=! 34u5+!t, c! 0/ 4u !5i4ti5 1ec3t +e cee 5!i rece4te, 34BRe&*u7i! Kr!4ce/, 34 "8<8, 34 Re&*u7i! Ru0/ De 1!t! !ce!0t!,S 340/, e0te &*r! 1e ce&! 5!i 5utF &ict*ri! +*itic/ 4u 5!i Î40e5=B 4e!/ 4u5!i triu5fu u4*r !4u5ite &!*ri 0+iritu!e !0u+r! !t*r I &!*ri 0+iritu!e, cii5+ic/ şi eHter5i4!re! +urt/t*ri*r &!*ri*r "" 0+iritu!e c*4tr!rii Pe +!4 +ur +*itic, +ri4 ur5!re, !1&er0!ru I Nr " ! *cu+!4tuui e0te i4teectu!u, !1ic/F ce c!re !re !cce0 " ! c*4ce+te, ce c!re 4u 4u5!i c/ 0i5te,i40ti4cti&, t*t ce=" 1e0+!rte I 1e *cu+!4t, 1!r şi 347ee)e 5*ti&ee !134ci +e4tru c!re 0e 0i5te I 1e0+/r7it şi, 5!i!e0, e c*4ştie4t 1e t*!te i5+ic!7iie +*iticii 1e J32

+cu+!7ie Orice i4teectu! c!re 4=! !1er!t ! i5+eri!i05u rei)i*0 4i *cu+!4tuui, cu !te cu&i4te *ricei4teectu! c!re 4u şi=! tr/1!t +r*+ri! 0! &*c!7ie (c!re e !cee! 1e ! )341i şi '*t/r3 34 1e+i4/ ierte., e0te ur0itceui 5!i 034)er*0 h!t4 +e c!re=" &*r cu4*!şte :e 4*!0tre Pe &re5e! ui N!+*e*4, *rice 0*1!t 3şi +urt! 345i7/ !0t*4u 1e 5!reş! A0t/i, *rici4e e0te 34e0tr!t +ri4 Ui Gi7ic 0/ )341e!0c/, 0/ creee, 0/ 347ee!)/, 0/

+re&!1/ 3şi cu 0i4e 0e4ti47! 1e 5*!rte, *riu41e 0=!r !f! e EHecut!re! (ei 1e+i41e, e&i1e4t, 1e 35+reur/riG e! +*!te fi !534!t/ 0!u hr*&i*riu 0u0+e41!t/G e! 4u +*!te fi, 34 4ici u4 c!, !4u!t/ @5=u i4teectu!i*r 4ueHcu1e, 1e u4/ 0e!5/, * !t/ u4)/ Wiu 1e h!t4=uri, u4ee 1i4 ee 1e! 35+i4ite, !tee 34 cur0 1e Bire Cee!ce &*i5 0/ 0ui4ie5 e0te 1*!r f!+tu c/, 34 +*fi1! !+!re47e*r, 4u5!i eHter5i4!re! i4teectu!i*r !re, !0t/i,ic45ific!7ie +*itic/A0tfe 0t341 ucrurie, *rice i4teectu! r*5;4 1e 1i4c*!ce 1e +rti4! 1e fier e0te (re+et/5F +e +!4 +*itic. u4!1&er0!r Nr " ! rituui K!+tu c/ 0e !f/ 1i4c*!ce 1e c*rti4/ 3i !)r!&e!/, 34 !ce0tui! 1i4 ur5/, &i4!G c/ci, 4u4u5!i c/ 4u=" 5!i !re ! ri7ie +e4tru i4e&it!iee 1e+*rt/ri 0!u !0!0i4!teG 1!r i4teec=(e 1i4c*!ce 1e c*rti4/ e ier 0/=şi &!1/ 1e tre!/, !1ic/F e [şi cuti&e +r*+ri! 0! &*c!7ie, 0/=şi 1e0/&3rşe!0c/ +re)/tire!=ic/, şi, 5!i !e0, 0/ )341e!0c/, 0/ u1ece şi 0/ '*t/r!0c/ 'erit 1e 4i5e4i O!5e4ii liberi şi cu acces laconcepte 0e 4e!/ 0i57it*r +e t*t )*u, 1!r ei 0u4t 0*rti7i u4ei )r!4ice i 1i4c** 1e C*rti4! 1e fier A )341i şi!=7i iui şi +/0tr! e0te ce! 5!i )r!&/ cu+/ +*itic/ 1e c!re 0e +*!te f!ce u4 *5 34 *+tic! r/*iuui rei)i*0Aş!1!r, 4u +e4tru c/ 0/ !1ere 0i4cer ! r341urie *cu+!4tuui e0te +ri5e1i*0 u4 Ftu! (34 5!re! *r 5!*rit!te,

t*!te 4e!5urie 0uu)!te 0/ * f!c/., ci, 34 +ri5u r341, +e4tru c/ i4teectu!u r/=0 e 340uşi, !1ic/ r/534e u4)341it*r ier i uş*r 1e 347ee0 c*41!54!re! ! 5*!rte, 1i4 +ri4ci+iu, ! tutur*r tu!i*r N*u! f!/ ! i0t*rieiu4i&er0!e 34 c!re 0u4te5 +e 1e ! i4tr! 4u 4u5!i c/ !c*r1/ i4teectu!uui * 5i0iu4e i şi +*itic/ 1e +ri5 +!4(cercet/rie !t*5ice şi c*40eci47ee '4*cr!7i! şi 5!4!)erii etc., 1!r e 34cre1i47e!/ 1e !0e5e=iu7i*4!re!tutur*r +r*e5e*r r/5!0e 1e0c'i0e +ri4 1e0c*5=F! 0*ciet/7ii ur)@e*=c!+it!i0teG şi c!re, e&i1e4t, 4u 0u4t i +r*e5e 0*ci!=ec*4*5ice, ci 34 +ri5u r341 0+iritu!e33

D!c/, 34 *4ee 34c/ iere !e +!4etei, !ceşti i4teectu!i 4u &*r )/0i 0*u7ii, în timp util, tutur*r !ce0t*r +r*e5e, u5e! e ur0it/ '!*0uui +e4tru 5ute )e4er!7ii Orice i4teectu! c!re 4u=şi tr/1e!/ 5e4ire! 1eciFc!re )341eşte şi cree!/ c*4triuie ! c*4ti4uit!te! şi 0+*rire! u4ui 5e1iu 0+iritu! 1i4 c!re 0e &*r 1e0+ri41e4*ie 5ituri şi &!*ri !e u5ii 1e 53i4e C/ci, 0/ 4u uit/5, 4u !t3t 1e &!*rie 0+iritu!e şi cutur!e 1e!34re)i0tr!te 1e i0t*rie !u )r*!/ +urt/t*rii r/*iuui rei)i*0, c3t 1e 4*ie f*r5u/ri şi 1e 4*ie cre!7ii 0+iritu!e,0i4)uree 34 0t!re 0/ 0!ti0f!c/ * c*4ştii47/ c*4te5+*r!4/ şi 0/ 0*u7i*4ee c*4fictee +r*&*c!te 1e +ref!cerie

ce*r!te &e!curi Nu 1e u5e! &ec'e 0e te5e *cu+!4tu, ci 1e lumea nou$, +e c!re *5u ier, 1!c/ iuteşte 0/r/534/ ier, &! şti, +3'/ ! ur5/, 0=* creee C/ci 4u eHi0t/ 0itu!7ie i0t*ric/ ! c!re *5u 0/ 4u +*!t/ )/0ir/0+u40uG e&i1e4t, cu * 0i4)ur/ c*41i7ieF r/0+u40u 0/ fie c/ut!t 1e cei c*5+ete47i, 1e cei c!re ştiu c/ ! *rice34tre!re 0e r/0+u41e +ri4tr=u4 !ct 1e ier/ cre!7ie 0+iritu!/ De r/0+u40u !ce0t*r *!5e4i ieri, 1e !ctee *r 1ecre!7ie 0+iritu!/ 0e te5e *cu+!4tu şi 1e !cee! 0e 0tr/1uieşte, +retuti41e4i u41e +*!te 0=* f!c/, 0/=" !4i'ieeE0te e04e 1e 347ee0, ! u5i4! ce*r 1e 5!i 0u0, c/ 1e0ti4u cuturii r*5;4e !4)!e!/, 1e f!+t, 340uşi 1e0ti4u4e!5uui r*5;4e0c V*5 34cerc! 0/ !4!i/5 34 !rtic*u &iit*r c*40eci47ee !ce0tui 1r!5!tic tr!40fer 1e5i0iu4e

niC3t !r +/re! 1e +!r!1*H!, 4*u! et!+/ ! i0t*riei u4i&er0!e 34 c!re 4e +re)/ti5 0/ i4tr/5 0e 1e0c'i1e 0u 0e54u +ri5!tuui 0+iritu!uui Nu 4u5!i +e4tru c/, !ş! cu5 !5 !r/t!t 34 !rtic*ee trecute, 4e !f/5 !4)!!7i 34tr=u4r/*i rei)i*0 +r*&*c!t şi 34tre7i4ut 1e ci*c4ire! 34tre c*4ce+7ii +*tri&4ice 1e0+re *5 şi iert!te! *5e4e!0c/,1!r şi +e4tru f!+tu c/, 34 !ce!0t/ 4*u/ et!+/ ! i0t*riei u4i&er0!e c!re 0e 1e0c'i1e 34 f!7! 4*!0tr/, 4ici * !t/4!7iu4e 34 !f!r/ 1e t!tee :4ite şi Ru0i! 0*&ietic/ 4u=şi &*r +ute! 5!4ife0t! !ut*4*5i! *r absolut$ 1ec3t +e +!4u 0+iritu! u+r!&ie7uire! u4ei 4!7iu4i, c! şi c*4fir5!re! 0ucce0iu4ii 0!e i0t*rice, 0e &! u1ec! +e 5/0ur!



cre!7ii*r ei 0+iritu!e V*5 !0i0t! ! !ce0t 0tr!4iu fe4*5e4F * 4!7iu4e ucur341u=0e 1e * 0itu!7ie +ri&ie)i!t/, 34034u c*5u4it/7ii c*4ti4e4t!e 1i4 c!re f!ce +!rte, 4u 1!t*rit/O; *)/7ii*r 0*uui 0!u )r!1uui ei 1e i41u0tri!i!re, ci 4u5/ruui şi c!it/7ii !rtişti*r, 0criit*ri*r 0!u c/rtur!ri*rei P*i7iie 0e &*r c3şti)! 0!u 0e &*r +ier1e 4u +e c35+u 1e u+t/, 4ici ! 5!0! &er1e ci 34 u4i&er0it/7i,!*r!t*!re, ii*teci 0!u 5uee I4ce+341 1e ! * !4u5it/ 1!t/ 34tr=u4 &iit*r 5!i 5ut 0!u 5!i +u7i4 !+r*+i!t,

u4 4e!5 &! fi 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re &! cre! 4u u4uri 5!teri!e ci &!*ri 0+iritu!eDe !tfe, 34t*t1e!u4! i0t*ri! ! 7i4ut 0e!5! eHcu0i& 1e cre!7iie 0+iritu!e, i!r u0tific!re! eHi0te47ei i0t*rice !u4ui 4e!5 ! f*0t 34t*t1e!u4! 1e *r1i4 0+iritu! De 1!t! !ce!0t!, 340/, e &*r! 1e ce&! 5!i 5utF 340/şi Istoria, c!!t!re, ti41e 0/ 0e re1uc/ eHcu0i& ! cre!7i! &!*ri*r 0+iritu!e A0t! 1e u4/ 0e!5/ 1!t*rit/ f!+tuui c/ 4*u!e+*c/ 34 c!re 4e +re)/ti5 0/ i4tr/5 e c'e5!t/ 0/ re!iee * 4*u/ şi 5!i !ute4tic/ eier!re ! *5uuiI!t/, 1eci, cu5 cutur! 0e 0u0tituie +*iticuui C/ci 341eet4icire! 1e ! c3şti)! +e4tru 4e!5 * 0*!rt/ *+ti5/,!0i)ur341u=i 34 +ri5u r341 i41e+e41e47! şi 1e&*t!re! 0! fire!0c/, 4u &! 5!i +ute! fi eHecut!t/ +e te5eiuee5e4te*r +*itice, ec*4*5ice 0!u 5iit!re !e 4!7iu4ii ci !+r*!+e eHcu0i& +e te5eiu re!it/7i*r 0!e 0+iri=tu!e :4 4e!5 cre!t*r 1e &!*ri cutur!e &! +ute! 0u+r!&ie7ui şi +r*+/şi 34 4*ie r341uiri +*itice !e u5ii 1e53i4e 34 ti5+ ce u4 4e!5 0ter+ 0!u 1e 5e1i*cre c!+!cit/7i cre!t*!re 3şi &! +ier1e cu &re5e! !ut*4*5i! şi, c!!t!re, +34/ ! ur5/, +r*+ri! 0! fii47/34 !0e5e4e! 35+reur/ri, c!re 0u4t +*0iiit/7ie cuturii r*5;4eşti^ De f*r7ee ei cre!t*!re 34 trecut 4u !&e5 4iciu4 5*ti& 0/ 4e 341*i5 D!r !5 &/ut c/ 0u 1ict!tur! ui C'işi4e&0i, eitee 4*!0tre 0u4t 5et*1ic 1eci5!te Pe

1e !t/ +!rte, 0e cere cre!t*ri*r r*5;4i u4 5!re ef*rt 1e re344*ire, +e c!re !rtiştii, )341it*rii şi 0criit*rii 1i4 7!r/4u=" 5!i +*t f!ce, i*!7i cu5 0u4t 1e re0tu u5ii ci&ii!te Re344*ire, e&i1e4t, c!re 4u 340e!54/ 340trei4!re,4ici i5it!7ie !rtifici!/ ! 5işc/ri*r cutur!e 1i4 A+u0 D!r 4e&*i! 1e re344*ire 0e 0i5te +retuti41e4i 34 u5e şi1e reut!tee ei 1e+i41e 34 5!re 5/0ur/ 340/şi &!*!re! *5e4irii ci&ii!te şi fecu41it!te! 4*ii et!+e ! i0t*rieiu4i&er0!e c/tre c!re 4e 341re+t/5 Cu !te cu&i4te, 4i 0e cere şi 4*u/, c! şi !t*r 4!7iu4i, 1!c/ &*i5 0/ 0u+r!=&ie7ui5 c! !t!re, c! 4!7iu4e, * c*!*r!re t*t 5!i !cti&/ ! *+er! 1e re344*ire 0+iritu!/ )e4er!/ Nu 4e 5!i +ute5 5u7u5i, c'i!r 1!c/ !5 &re!, cu cee! ce !5 f/cut +34/ !cu5 Ni 0e cer 4u *+ere c*05*+*ite c!re 4u +*t fi 1ec3t +0eu1*=cre!7ii 'iri1e 1!r 4i 0e cere 0/ 1e+/şi5 +r*&i4ci!i05u *ric/rei cuturi 1e circu!7ieO<eHcu0i& i4teri*!r/, !ş! cu5 ! f*0t +34/ 5!i 1eu4/i cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ Ni 0e cere, 34 *rice c!, u4 0ti 1e &i!7/0+iritu!/ c!re 0/ c*re0+u41/ 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric c!re 0e 1e0uşeşte 0u *c'ii 4*ştri Or, !ce0t 5*5e4t i0t*rice0te, cu 0!u f/r/ &*i! 4*!0tr/, 0u+r!4!7i*4!, c*4ti4e4t!, ecu5e4icAce0t 0ti 1e &i!7/ 0+iritu! 0e &! r/0fr34)e şi 34 *r341uirie ec*4*5ice, 0*ci!e şi +*itice !e &iit*ruui !+r*+i!t,

c!re 0e &*r 4!şte fire0c, şi c*4f*r5 c!+!cit/7i*r cre!t*!re !e fiec/rui 4e!5 34 +!rte, 1i4 340/şi u+t! +e4tru * 5!i!ute4tic/ eier!re ! *5uui Lu+t! !ce!0t! c'i!r, 34ce+ut/, 0e &! 3413ri tre+t!t 34 !4ii c!re &i4 D!r u4 !0e5e4e!0ti 1e &i!7/ 0+iritu!/ 4u=" +*t +re0i57i, 4utri şi *r)!4i! 1ec3t eitee 0+iritu!e !e fiec/rei 4!7iu4i, i4teectu!iieiC!re e0te, 340/, c*41i7i! i4teectu!i*r r*5;4i 1e +e0te )r!4i7e, 0i4)urii ieri 0/ 35+i4e!0c/ &*c!7i!, 0i4)urii1e ! c!re !5 fi 341ritui7i 0/ !şte+t/5 cre!7iie 1e 53i4e, !1ic/F !0i)ur!re! +ere4it/7ii 4*!0tre 4!7i*4!e^34 +ri5u r341 treuie 0/ !5i4ti5 c/ 4u5/ru !ce0t*r i4teectu!i e0te, 34 c*5+!r!7ie cu ce ! &eci4i*r 4*ştri,f*!rte re1u0 E5i)r!7iei 1e +e0te * 0ut/ 1e 5ii 1e 5!)'i!ri 3i c*re0+u41 1*!r c3te&! 5ii 1e r*5;4i Re344*ire!0+iritu!/ 1e c!re &*re!5 5!i 0u0 &! fi !0tfe, ! 4*i, 5!i !4e&*ie 1e 1*341it 1ec3t ! !te 4e!5uri &eci4e 34 !1*ie! r341, i4teectu!ii r*5;4i tr/ie0c, 34 5!re! *r 5!*rit!te, 34 ce! 5!i 4e!)r/ 5ierie C/ !u 0u+r!&ie7uit +34/ !cu5, c/ 0u+r!&ie7uie0c 34c/, 4u e 0+re !u1! 4i5/4ui c/ci 34 Occi1e4t 4u 0e 5*!re 1e f*!5e D!r34tre!re! e0te c37i !u 0u+r!&ie7uit şi 0u+r!&ie7uie0c c! intelectuali, c37i, !1ic/, 3şi +*t c*4ti4u! &*c!7i! şi 5e0eri!C/ci +e4tru R*5;4i! 1e 53i4e, c! şi +e4tru e&e4tu!ee fe1er!7ii 34 c!re e! 0e &! i4te)r!, 4u e i5+*rt!4t c! u4

0criit*r 0!u u4 5!te5!tici!4 0/ 0u+r!&ie7ui!0c/ ucr341 34tr=* fer5/ 0!u 34tr=* 5i4/ 1e c/ru4i, ci s$ supravie&uiasc$ în calitatea lui de intelectual, !1ic/ 0/=şi +*!t/ 1e0/&3rşi +r*+ri! ui &*c!7ie Pe4tru !ceştii4teectu!i 0=! f/cut f*!rte +u7i4, şi 0e ştie cu5 şi ci4e ! f/cut D!r * u4/&*i47/, c! ece u4/&*i47e, 4u 0u4t 1e!u40 Ar treui 0/ 0e 347ee!)/ 1e +e !cu5, şi c3t 5!i e ti5+, c/ 1e0ti4u cuturii r*5;4eşti 1e 53i4e 0e !f/ 3453i4ie +u7i4i*r i4teectu!i şi 0tu1e47i c!re 0u+r!&ie7uie0c +e0te )r!4i7eG c/ !ce0t 1e0ti4 ! cuturii r*5;4eştiec'i&!e!/ cu 340uşi 1e0ti4u +*itic ! R*5;4iei 1e 53i4eG c/ 4e !f/5 !4)!!7i 34tr=u4 5*5e4t i0t*ric nou şi&*r 0u+r!&ie7ui 4u5!i !cee 4e!5uri c!re &*r cre!, 34 ti5+ uti, u4 0ti 1e &i!7/ c*re0+u4/t*r &re5uri*r 4*ic/tre c!re 4e 341re+t/5G şi c/ fiec!re i4teectu! c!re 0e 35*4/&eşte 1e36 i¥»f' 11

tuercu*/ 0!u 3şi ir*0eşte +uterie 34tr=* 5u4c/ +e4tru c!re 4=! f*0t f/cut ec'i&!e!/ cu * 34fr34)ere +*itic/&iit*!re ! 4e!5uui 34tre)*

i !cu5 0/ /0/5 )e4er!7ii*r &iit*!re 1re+tu 0/ 4e u1ece, ! u5i4! tutur*r e&e4i5e4te*r c!re &*r !&e! *c34tre ci+! c341 0crie5 r341urie 1e f!7/ şi ce!0urie +e c!re e 4/1/1ui5 fericite c341 4e &*r u1ec!



(:4iu4e! R*5;4/, i!4u!rie=5!rtie "#<#.@R' @E!I ŞI !I#!I Ziee !ce0te! ! !+/rut, 34 KeuH Cr*i0e0, u4! 1i4 cee 5!i i5+*rt!4te c*ec7ii fr!4cee 1e !ut*ri 0tr/i4i,r*5!4u L! Vingt.!inXuitme Heure ! ui C*40t=Vir)i 'e*r)'iu (tr!1ucere 1i4 r*5;4eşte 1e M*4i?ue !i4t=C*5e, E1iti*4 Pi*4. C!rte! e +ree4t!t/ 1e 340uşi 1irect*ru C*ec7iei, !rie M!rce, +ri4tr=* !15ir!i/, +r*fu41/ şi c!1/ +ref!7/G ce! 1i4t3i +ref!7/ +e c!re !ce0t! ! 0cri0=* u4ei c/r7i !+/rute 34, feuH Cr*i0e0

E&e4i5e4tu 1e+/şeşte cu 5ut 0e54ific!7i! +e c!re * +*!te !&e! * 5!4ife0t!re iter!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ +e0te )r!4i7e,c3t !r fi e! 1e 0tr/ucit/ Ne !5i4ti5 1e e4tui!05u şi 5341ri! +e c!re e=! treit, 34 Q!r/, +ref!7! +ri4 c!reR*5!i4 R*!41 !40! u4 4*u şi 5!re 0criit*r fr!4ceF +e P!4!it I0tr!ti De !0t/ 1!t/ e &*r! 1e !tce&!, şi 1ece&! 5!i 5ut P!4!it I0tr!ti ! 0cri0 1irect 34 fr!47ueşte, şi 0=! i5+u0 c! u4 0criit*r fr!4ce cu t*!te!&!4t!)iie şi ri0curie +e c!re e +*!rt/ cu 0i4e * !0e5e4e! 0u0tituire ! i40tru5e4tuui 1e eH+re0ie C*40t=Vir)i 'e*r)'iu e0te u4 0criit*r r*5;4, c!re ! 0cri0 şi 0crie 34 r*5;4eşte, şi 0ucce0u ui 34 0tr/i4/t!te 0er/0fr34)e !0u+r! 34tre)ii iter!turi r*5;4e, c! !t!re i 34c/ * 1e*0eire, t*t !t3t 1e e0e47i!/F P!4!it I0tr!ti !1uce!34 +*&e0tirie şi r*5!4ee 0!e !5i4tirie u4ei u5i !+u0e şi +ei0!)iie Du4/rii şi Orie4tuui A+r*+i!t, c!re f/ce!u +e !t37i! 1i4 citit*rii ui 4e=r*5;4i 0/ !i/ i5+re0i! c/ !0cut/ * 4*u/ &er0iu4e ! @ mie şi una de nop&i+ C*40t=Vir)i 'e*r)'iu +rei4t/, 1i5+*tri&/ * R*5;4ie şi * Eur*+/ Ce4tr!/ 0f3rtec!te 1e ce! 5!i i5+!c!i/c*4te5+*r!4eit!teF r/*iu, +er0ecu7iie 1e t*t feu, eier!re! Ce&! 5!i 5utF @ra S< !4tici=OF +e!/ c'i!r tr!)e1i! c!re 34c/ 4u e0te c*4te5+*r!4/, 1!r +e c!re u5iire! cre0c341/ ! *5uui * !0/ 1e +e !cu5

0/ 0e 34tre&!1/Ace0t fru5*0 r*5!4, !ce0t r*5!4 terii, 1u+/ cu5 0crie !rie M!rce, re&ee!/ 1r!5! tr!40f*r5/rii*5uui 34tr=u4 4u5/r, 0i5+u r* ! 5!şi4ii, r**t e 340uşi, utii!t +e r341 1e t*7i 0t/+34ii +e c!re 3i ri1ic/0*!rt! Nu &*5 34cerc! 0/ reu5/5, 4ici 0/ 1i0cut/5 &!*rie iter!re !e !ce0tui r*5!4, c!re 0e !ş!/ !/turi 1ecee 5!i 5!ri c/r7i !e 0ec*uui 4*0tru *c*ti5 c/ e0te 1e 1!t*ri! fiec/rui r*5;4 0/=" cite!0c/, 4u 4u5!i +e4truc/ e0te &*r! 1e ce! 1i4t3i cre!7ie iter!r/ i5+*rt!4t/ ! e5i)r!7iei r*5;4eşti, ci şi +e4tru c/ re&ee!/ u4 !0+ect !i0t*riei c*4te5+*r!4e +e c!re 34c/ 4ici u4 !t 0criit*r eur*+e!4 0!u !5eric!4 4u "=! +u0 34 u5i4/ cu !t3t!c!rit!te şi !t3t 1e +/tru4/t*r E0te, 34 f*41, +ri5! *+er/ iter!r/ 34 c!re 0e *)i41eşte ter*!re! i0t*rieic*4te5+*r!4e, i0t*rie c!re 340e54e!/, +e4tru i5e40! 5!*rit!te ! )*uui, fie 5*!rte!, fie tr!40f*r5!re! 345!şi4/, 1e+er0*4!i!re!, 1eu5!4i!re! C/ci P/534tu ! 34cet!t 1e ! 5!i !+!r7i4e *!5e4i*r, 1u+/ cu50+u4e u4u 1i4 +er0*4!)iie @rei S<+++A5 f*0t +ri4tre !cei! c!re, citi41 5!4u0cri0u r*5;4e0c ! !ce0tui r*5!4, !5 !&ut 1e ! 34ce+ut 0e4ti5e4tu c/4e !f/5 34 f!7! u4ei c/r7i 5e4ite u4ei c!riere 5*41i!e Je 4e 1*ute +!0 ?ue ie4 1!utre0 tr!1ucti*40 4e

0ui&e4t, 0!40 ?u*i ce 0er!it ; 1e0e0=+erer", 0crie !rie M!rce 34 +ref!7/ C/ci, Le i&re 1e M 'e*r)'iu&ie4t e4 0*4 ieu et ; 0*4 'eure Je 0*u'!ite ?ui 0*it Iu et +!00i*44e5e4t c*55e4te +!r 1e0 '*55e0 !00e'*44ete0 +*ur 4e +!0 c'erc'er u4 refu)e 1!40 cette +e40ee tr*+ c*55*1e ?ue t*ut ce ?ui e0t e&*?ue ici 0e +!00e*i4 1e 4*u0, e4 R*u5!4ie *u e4 Ae5!)4e 2 Ki**fu fr!4ce )/0eşte 34 c!rte! c*5+!tri*tuui 4*0tru u4!&erti05e4t +e4tru 34tre!)! u5!4it!te ci&ii!t/G !&erti05e4t +e c!re=" !)r!&e!/ ce ?ui 0e +!00e 1!40 e +!04!t! 1e M 'e*r)'iu, Ie0 c*41iti*40 1e +u0 e4 +u0 i4'u5!i4e0 !uH?uee0 0*4t 0*u5i0 1e 5ii*40 et 1e5ii*40 1etre06

" Nu 5/ 341*ie0c c/ &*r ur5! 5ute !te tr!1uceri, f/r/ 1e c!re !r fi eH!0+er!4t 0#+ ied+22 C!rte! Dui 'e*r)'iu &i4e ! *cu cu&e4it şi ! 5*5e4tu +*tri&it Aş 1*ri 0/ fie citit/ şi c*5e4t!t/ cu +!0iu4e 1e *!5e4i 0uficie4t 1e *4eşti +e4tru ! 4u c/ut! u4 refu)iu 34 i1ee! +re! c*5*1/ c/ t*t ce e e&*c!t !ici 0e +etrece 1e+!rte 1e 4*i, 34 R*5;4i! 0!u 34 er5!4i! 0#+ ied+26 cee! ce 0e +etrece 34 +!tri! Dui 'e*r)'iu, c*41i7iie 1i4 ce 34 ce 5!i i4u5!4e ! c!re 034t eH+u0e 5ii*!4eşi 5ii*!4e 1e fii47e 0#+ ied+2

OM!ree 5erit ! ui C*40t!4ti4=Vir)i 'e*r)'iu e0te c/ ! 0cri0 u4 f*!rte fru5*0 r*5!4 f**0i41 e&e4i5e4teeuti5i*r ş!+te=*+t !4i, f/r/ ! c/1e!, t*tuşi, 34 cur0ee +e c!re e 34ti41e iter!tur! i0t*ric/ 0!u iter!tur! +*itic/Deşi +er0*4!)iie 0!e tr/ie0c 0u ter*!re! ce! 5!i cu5+it/ ! *!5e4i*r şi i40titu7ii*r cre!te 1e i0t*ri!c*4te5+*r!4/, !ut*ru e 1et!ş!t, *iecti&, !+r*!+e 1i0t!4t Nic/ieri 4u 0tr/!te 1*ri47! 1e +r*+!)!41/, 1e +/rti4ireG u4ii r*5;4i 0u4t t*t !t3t 1e crui c! şi u4ii u4)uri, )er5!4i 0!u ruşi T*!te +*i7iie 0u4t i4u5!4e, c'i!r1!c/ 34 eciurie u4*r! 0e !te 5!i +u7i4G t*!te !)/ree 0u4t 1e)r!1!4te, c'i!r 1!c/ 4u fiec!re 1i4 ee !re !/turiu4 cre5!t*riu E &*r! 1e ce&! 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 1e +/c!tee u4*r )u&er4e 0!u eHce0ee u4*r 4!7iu4iF e &*r! 34!ce!0t/ @ra S< (*r! ire!/ c341 c'i!r Me0i! 1!c/ !r &e4i 4=!r 5!i +ute! 0c'i5! 4i5ic., e &*r! 1e1e0fii47!re! *5uui 1e c/tre * 0*ciet!te 5ec!4i!t/ 34 0+irit, 34 034)e, 34 c!r4e+u4e!5 c/ !+!ri7i! @rei S< 340e54e!/ 5!i 5ut 1ec3t u4 e&e4i5e4t iter!r 340e!54/, 34 +ri5u r341, * u1ec!t/ r*5;4e!0c/, f/cut/ 1e u4 r*5;4, ! 0*ciet/7ii şi i0t*riei c*4te5+*r!4e O u1ec!t/ 1e c!re, 34tr=u4 fe 0!u!tu, 0e &! 7i4e 0e!5! D!r c!re, *ric!re i=!r fi 0*!rt! +e c!re i=* reer&/ &iit*ru, 5!rc'e!/ 1e +e !cu5 * cre!7ie! 4*ii 0+iritu!it/7i r*5;4eştiG !ce! 0+iritu!it!te +e c!re, +re)/tit/ 1e t*!te 34cerc/rie r/*iuui şi e5i)r!7iei, *e!*re!/ r*5;4ii c!re 0u4t 34c/ ieri 0/ 0e eH+ri5e



D!r !+!ri7i! @rei S< e0te 0e54ific!ti&/ şi 1i4 !t +u4ct 1e &e1ere A/turi 1e !ce0te 5!4ife0t/ri 0+iritu!e,!rti0tice 0!u ştii47ifice, !ce!0t/ c!rte &!i1e!/, 34 f!7! 4*!0tr/ şi 34 f!7! 0tr/i4/t/7ii, f*r7! 1e cre!7ie r*5;4e!0c/!ute4tic/, 4e0u07i4ut/ şi 4e+r*5*&!t/ 1e 4ici u4 ef*rt *fici! 3şi f!ce !0t/i *c, 34 1iferite +/r7i !e u5ii, *rei0te47/ r*5;4e!0c/ &ict*ri*!0/ 34 0/ie 1e c*4certe, 1e cur0uri şi 1e c*4feri47e, 34 &itri4ee ir/rii*r, 34re1!c7iie 5!ri*r +uic!7ii +eri*1ice, ştii47ifice 0!u iter!re T*!te !ce0te 5!4ife0t/ri cutur!e r*5;4eşti 0e f!c4u 4u5!i f/r/ 0+rii4u e)!7ii*r şi !t!ş!7i*r !ş!=işi cutur!i ci 35+*tri&! *r Pe &re5uri, curt*!i!

)u&er4e*r 34)/1ui! * 0erie 1e 5!4ife0t/ri c!re r/534e!u, c! t*!te 5!4ife0t/rie *fici!e, 0terie A0t/i,*!5e4ii 1ui C'işi4e&0i !u 5i0iu4e! 0/ 35+ie1ice, +ri4 *rice 5i*!ce, *rice 5!4ife0t!re ! r*5;4i*r ieri 1e1i4c** 1e C*rti4! 1e fier Cu t*!t/ )reut!te! +e c!re e=* !c*r1/ 0itu!7i! *r *fici!/, 4u reuşe0c 34t*t1e!u4! i!0t! e0te u4u 1i4+u7i4ee 0e54e u4e +e c!re 4i e 34)/1uie ti5+urie 1e !0t/i= YEniunea Rom=n$, 5!rtie "#<#.OA

RV@LE(I@#'RI !E #@RM'*IV Tr!)e1i! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c 0e 5!i 4u5eşte, +e4tru u4ii i1e**)i 1i4 7!r/, re&*u7ie u +r*tec7i! !r5!te*r0*&ietice 0!u, cu5 i 0e 5!i 0+u4e, eier!t*!re 0=!r 35+i4i * &i)ur*!0/ r/0tur4!re 1e &!*riF 34 *cuf*r7e*r ur)'e*=5*şiereşti, c!re !u 1*5i4!t +34/ 5!i ieri cutur! şi +*itic! r*5;4e!0c/, 0e ri1ic/ !0t/iee5e4tee cre!t*!re !+!r7i4341 0i4)ure*r c!0e +r*1ucti&e, 5u4cit*ri5e! şi 7/r/4i5e! M!re! re&*u7ie !r fi1e! 1e/47uit/ C*4c*5ite4t cu 1e0fii47!re! c!0e*r re!c7i*4!re, !r !&e! *c +ri5ee 5!4ife0t/ri !e u4ei0+iritu!it/7i !ute4tic +*+u!re, 7i4ut/ +34/ !cu5 34 34tu4eric 1e c/tre 1ict!tur! +!rti1e*r ur)'ee Ace!0t! !r

fi, +e 0curt, eH+ic!7i! 1i!ectic/ (i4e347ee0, e4i4i0t*=0t!i4i0t/. ! 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4 & Nu 1i0cut/5 ri1ic*ee !fir5!7ii !e !ce0tei tee (f*r5u!t/ 1e! 1e M!rH şi E4)e0, rei4ter+ret!t/ 1e Le4i4,t!i4 şi J1!4*&. Nu 5!i 34tre/5 cu5 ! f*0t !0u+rit/ 7/r/4i5e! 34 0i4)uru 0t!t c!re ! f/cut ce! 5!i r!1ic!/ref*r5/ !)r!r/ cu4*0cut/ 34 u5e, şi ! f/cut=* +!ş4ic şi 1e u4/ &*ie, 34tr=u4 0t!t ! c/rui ce 5!i +*+u!r +!rti10e 4u5e! +!rti1u 4!7i*4!=7/r/4e0c, i!r 0i4)uru +!rti1 i0 c*40er&!t*r, +!rti1u ier!, 3şi +r*+u4e! (şi 34 +!rte !şi f/cut=*. 0/ ri1ice ece 5ii 1e şc*i rur!eG 34tr=u4 0t!t !i c/rui c/rtur!ri şi 0criit*ri 0u4t, 34 5!re! *r 5!*rit!te,fii 0!u 4e+*7i 1e 7/r!4iG ! c/rui iter!tur/, 34 5!i +u7i4 1e u4 0fert 1e &e!c, ! cu4*0cut trei 5!ri cure4te 7/r/4eşti(0/5/4/t*ri05u, +*+*r!4i05u, )341iri05u.G ! c/rui 0i4)ur/ fi**fie ! f*0t cre!t/ 1e trei )341it*ri *0e1!7i 1e +ei0!u 0!tuui *r 4!t! (R/1ue0cu=M*tru, Luci!4 B!)!, N!e I*4e0cu.G ! c/rui +ri5 5!re r*5!4 0e 4u5eşte Ion+++ Nu 34tre/5 şi 4u 1i0cut/5, +e4tru c/ 4u !&e5 cu ci4e u)ie c!re 7i4 !0t/i c*41eiu 34 534/ 34 7!r/ 4u 4ei4tere0e!/ I!r r,t/+34ii *r 4=!u 34&/7!t 34c/ r*5;4eşte T*!te ucrurie !ce0te! 0u4t, 1e !tfe, cu4*0cute 1e *rice

*5 1e u4/ cre1i47/ Eier!re! 7/r/4i5ii 34ce+u0e 1e 5ut 34 7!r! r*5;4e!0c/ şi 1e0/&3rşire! !ce0tei eier/ri 4u!&e! 4e&*ie 4ici 1e A4! P!uer, 4ici 1e C'işi=4e&0i u 1ict!tur! ur)'e*=5*şiere!0c/, i!ree er!u +i4e1e !rtic*e şi re+*rt!)ii +u4341 34 u5i4/ )reut/7ie cu c!re u+t/ 7/r/4i5e! şi 5u4cit*ri5e! Nici * ce4ur/ 4=!35+ie1ic!t !+!ri7i! !întecelor de miner !e ui Ar*4 C*truş 0!u re+*rt!e*r re&*u7i*4!re !e ui e* B*)!,cu5 0e i4teric !0t/i, 34tr=* re+uic/ !ş!=i0 +*+u!r/, oina ui Ef4i4e0cu, 34tre!)! iric/ 7/r/4e!0c/;B5*1er4/, 1e ! Oct!&i!4 *)! ! Nic'if*r Cr!i4ic, 0!u R$scoala şi Ion !e ui Li&iu Rere!4u D!r, !ş! cu5!r/t!5 cu !t +rie, +r*e5! ui C'işi4e&0i 4u e 34cur!!re! &!*ri*r +*+u!re r*5;4eşti, ci, 1i5+*tri&/,1e0fii47!re! *rG 34 !r)*4 1i!ectic, re&*u7i!/ &e1e5 ce ! 1!t !ce!0t/ f!i5*!0/,re&*u7ie 34 R*5;4i! / &e1e5 c!re 0u4t *!5e4ii 4*i ri1ic!7i1e1i4!5ic! re&*u7i*4!r/ 1i4 5!0! !4*4i5i*r c!re, 4i 0e 0+u4e, t!ce 1e !t3te! &e!curi Orice re&*u7ie, u4/ 0!ure!, !re ce +u7i4 5eritu 1e ! cri0t!i!, fu)er/t*r, * 4*u/ 0eec7iu4e 4!tur!/ 34 *rice re&*u7ie !+!r, 34tr=!1e&/r,*!5e4i 4*i, 0e 1e/47uie iureşu 1i4 !134cu 4e!5uui, 0e 0eec7i*4e!/, fire0c, +er0*4!it/7i +uter4ice şi

cre!t*!re, c!re, +*!te, 34 !te ti5+uri, !r fi &e)et!t 34tr=u4 c*7 uit!t 1e 7!r/ Aş! 0=! 34t35+!t 34 Revolu&ia france)$, !ş! 0=! 34t35+!t şi ! 4*i cu Tu1*r V!1i5ire0cu, cu A&r!5 I!4cu, cu @*ri!, C*şc! şi Criş!4 Aş! 0=!34t35+!t c'i!r 34 Ru0i! D!r 4u5!i ! 34ce+ut, 4u5!i c3t ti5+ re&*u7i! er! 34 5!rş 341!t/ ce c!4u 0t!i4i!4 ! +u0 cu t*tu 534! +e +utere, 0eec7i! &!*ri*r 4u 0=! 5!i f/cut, fire0c, 1i4/u4tru 5!0ei re&*u7i*4!re, ci ! f*0tc*4fi0c!t/ 1e ir*u +*itic ! +!rti1uui, 1e *!5e4ii 1e 34cre1ere !i şefuui C! 34 *rice 1ict!tur/G 0!u c! 34*rice +!rti1 ur)'eCe 0=! 34t35+!t ! 4*i 34 7!r/ +ri4 i40t!!re! ! +utere ! *cu+!4tuui^ 34 *c 1e f!i5*!0! re&*u7ie (34 c!recre1e!u u4ii 4!i&i., 5e4it/ 0/ 0c*!t/ ! u5i4/ !1e&/r!tee &!*ri +*+u!re, ! !&ut *c 0eec7i! 1eter5i4!t/ 1er!+*rturie +er0*4!e !e re&*u7i*4!ri*r r*5;4i cu şefii ier!r'ici 1i4 :R T*t ce 0e cere! !ce0t*rre&*u7i*4!ri er! 0/ fie 1e 34cre1ere, !1ic/, 0/ !0cute *reşte 1e 4*r5!ti&u 0*0it 34 fiec!re 0e!r/ 1e !M*0c*&! eec7i! 0=! f/cut 1e0tu 1e re+e1eF u4 Lucre7iu P/tr/şc!4u, cu t*t *+*rtu4i05u ui, şi=! 34)/1uit şiu4ee *+i4ii +er0*4!e, şi ! f*0t 0ur)'iu4it 34tr=u4 !)/r A4! P!uer, c!re 34&/7!0e i4e ec7i! 34!i4te 1e !=şi u!cet/7e4i! 0*&ietic/, 1i5+*tri&/, 4u !c7i*4! 1i!ectic 1ec3t 1u+/ ce cere!, teef*4ic, i40truc7iu4i 1e ! M*0c*&!G şi!7i &/ut ce=! !u40F +er0*4!it!te! ce! 5!i re&*u7i*4!r/ 1i4 B!c!4iAce!şi fe4*5e4 4e 34t35+i4/ şi 34 cutur/ criit*rii, c/rtur!rii, )!et!rii +r*5*&!7i !0t/i 1e re&*u7i!



fi**fic/ ! ivinei !omedii c! şi ! duca&iei sentimentale, 1e !tfe 34trece cu 5ut &!*!re! *r, cu5 0e0+u4e, 1*cu5e4t!r/, 1e *+ere *)i41i41 5!i 5ut 0!u 5!i +u7i4 1e0/&3rşit i1e!urie, +re*cu+/rie şi 5ieriie*5uui 5e1ie&! 0!u ur)'euui fr!4ce 1i4 ! 1*u! u5/t!te ! 0ec*uui ! gg=e! i !ce!0t! +e4tru 0i5+u5*ti& c/ !t3t D!4te c3t şi K!uert, +ri4 340uşi f!+tu c/ !u f*0t 0criit*ri, c/ !u !&ut, !ş!1!r, * &*c!7ie c!re 3i1e*0ee! 1e c*4te5+*r!4ii *r, tr/i41 34 5!re! *r 5!*rit!te * eHi0te47/ i0t*ric/, i5it!t/ ! ci+/ !u1e+/şit Ti5+u şi !u re)/0it !cee 0itu!7ii 0!u +er0+ecti&e c!re 0e 4u5e0c )reşit u4i&er0! u5!4e (reşit

+e4tru c/ 4u 0u4t 34t*t1e!u4! u4i&er0!e, şi 4u 0u4t eHcu0i&u5!4e.e &*reşte f*!rte 5ut !0t/i 1e *i)!7i! +e c!re * !re 0criit*ru 1e ! *)i41i, 34 *+er! ui, şi 1e ! 1! 0e!5!t*t*1!t/, 1e 5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric A0t! !u f/cut=* 0criit*rii 1e c341 u5e! şi f/r/ 0/=i 34&e7e 4i5e4i T*tu1e+i41e ce 0e 347ee)e +ri4 *)i41ire! 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric D!c/ !0cut/5 +e 1*ctri4!rii 5!rHişti, !r 340e54! 0/0e *)i41e!0c/ 34 *+er! 1e !rt/ uti5u !rtic*=+r*)r!5 1i4 Pravda+ :4 0criit*r 0*&ietic, c! şi u4 0criit*r 1i4 7/rie*cu+!te 1e 0*&ietici, e 1!t*r 0/ c*5e4tee +ri4 iter!tur! ui t!ctic! +!rti1uui c*5u4i0tF 0/ e*)iee er*ii i0t*rieiru0e 34 "#<2=<< şi 0/ !t*c*re!0c/ i1e**)i! 1ec!1e4t/ ! i5+eri!i05uui !4)*=!5eric!4 34 "#<%=<# M3i4e,1!c/ t!ctic! *&ietuui u+re5 0e &! 0c'i5!, 0e &! 0c'i5! şi 5*5e4tu i0t*ric +e c!re treuie 0/="refectee 0criit*ruF !4)*=!5eric!4ii &*r +ute! 1e&e4i +*+*!re +r*)re0i0te şi &*r fi !t!c!te, 34 *cu *r, ci4e ştiece 4!7iu4i retr*)r!1e 0!u i1e**)ii 0u&er0i&e Nu5!i c/ 34 !ce0t tri0t c! 1e i*/)ire ! *5uui 4u 5!i e &*r! 1eiter!tur/ ci 1e 5!cu!tur/ +*itic=!15i4i0tr!ti&/ Kie c/ 0e 4u5e0c 4u&ee 0!u r*5!4e, !0e5e4e! +r*e 4u1e+/şe0c, c! 4i&e te*retic şi iert!te 5*r!/, 4*r5!ti&u )!ete*r 1e +!rti1 0!u 5!4ife0tu eect*r! Ee 0u4t,

i4e347ee0, eHcee4te 1*cu5e4te i0t*rice,;; A*>

!1ic/ 5/rturi0e0c * !4u5it/ c*4ce+7ie ! *5uui, c!re +e4tru u4 5iit!4t 5!rHi0t 0e 4u5eşte 1e5*cr!7ie, i!r +e4tru 4e5!rHişti +*!rt/ 34c/ 0tr/&ec'iu 4u5e 1e tir!4ie şi 0c!&ieD!r 4u 4u5!i 5!rHiştii +reti41 c/ ce! 5!i i5+*rt!4t/ 1!t*rie ! 0criit*ruui e0te 0u+ri5!re! 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric Nu 4u5!i 5!rHi05u (c! şi f!0ci05u, 1e !tfeG c! şi *ric!re !t f!4!ti05, +*itic 0!u rei)i*0. cu4*!şte *iter!tur/ !4)!!t/ efu eHi0te47i!işti*r fr!4cei, Je!4=P!u !rtre, cere şi e, 34 4u5ee 1*ctri4ei 1e ! c!re 0ere&e41ic/, * !4)!!re ! 0criit*ruuiG !1ic/ i5er0iu4e! ui 34 !ctu!, 34 5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric, f/r/ 4ici * +re*cu+!re tr!40i0=t*ric/, f/r/ 1*ri47! 1e ! 0crie şi +e4tru !7i *!5e4i, 1i4 !te ti5+uri 0!u 1i4 !te *curi Nu e*cu !ici 0/ 1i0cut/5 * !0e5e4e! te/, c/rei!, 1e !tfe, i 0=!u 1!t, 1i4 feurite +/r7i, r/0+u40uri 1efi4iti&e / 4e*+ri5 * ci+/ 4u5!i !0u+r! !ce0tei f*r5ueF iter!tur/ !4)!!t/ Ce &re! 0/ 0+u4/ e!^ A4)!!t/=4 ce^ 345*5e4tu i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4 0criit*ruui^ A4)!!t, 34 c'i+ 1e+i4, 4u +*!te 0/ fie 1ec3t *5u +*itic 0!u *5u

ec*4*5icG !1ic/, *5u c!re &re! 0/ 0e +reti41/ eHcu0i& i0t*ric, cre!t*r şi +r*!t*r (1!c/ 0e +*!te cre! *!0e5e4e! f*r5u/. 1e i0t*rie D!r u4 0criit*r 4u 0e +*!te 0u0titui *5uui ec*4*5ic şi +*itic, c'i!r 1!c/ !r &*i0=* f!c/ E &*r! 1e +!4uri 1iferite şi 1e !cti&it/7i 0+iritu!e !ut*4*5e, 1!c/ 4u c'i!r 1i&er)e4te O5u c!re 0e&re! şi 0e +reti41e eHcu0i& i0t*ric !re * !t/ eH+erie47/ ! ti5+uui 1ec3t 0criit*ruG c!re, 1eşi tr/ieşte şi e, c! *ricefii47/ i0t*ric/, 34 ti5+, e 35+i40, t*tuşi, 1e +r*+ri! ui &*c!7ie 1e !rti0t 0/ 0e 05u)/ 1i5e40iu4ii ti5+uui i0t*ric şi0/ re)/0e!0c/, 1!c/ 4u eter4it!te!, ce +u7i4 u4 ti5+ cu rit5uri 5!i e4te, ti5+u 0*54uui, u4/*!r/, 0!uti5+u cicic, ! tutur*r 5ituri*r şi rei)ii*r !r'!iceDeci, cu5 0=!r +ute! !4)!! u4 0criit*r, c! scriitor? V*c!7i! ui +r*+rie e0te 34!i4te 1e t*!te 1e *r1i4 5et!fiic,c!re 4u +*!te !1er! u4ui +r*)r!5, *ric3t 1e 0ui5 !r fi !ce0t! (şi 4u +re! &e1e5 +r*)r!5e 1e !4)!!5e4t !t3t 1e0ui5e. A fi 0criit*r, c! şi ! fi !rti0t, 340e54e!/ ! fi ! 1i0+*i7i! +r*+rii*r t!e &*c!7ii, ! fi 34c*4ti4uu +ree4t 7ie 340u7i Ci4e&! 0+u4e! c/ geniul e0te !te47i! ! )e4iu Ace!şi ucru e !1e&/r!t şi +e4tru *ric!re !t/&*c!7ieF 37i re!iei c'e5!re!, *ric!re !r fi e!, 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re eşti ier 0/=i !0cu7i şi 0/=i ur5ei 341e54u Nu +*!te fi &*r! 1e * !0tfe 1e !4)!!re 1ec3t f!7/ 1e ti4e 340u7iG 5!i eH!ct, f!7/ 1e &*c!7i! t! (c!re, u4e*ri, +*!te

fi !tce&! 1ec3t cee! ce crei c/ eşti tu 340u7i.;<A0t! 4u 340e!54/, e&i1e4t, c/ u4 0criit*r c! *5 i0t*ric, c! cet/7e!4, 4u !re 1re+tu 0/ 0e !4)!ee 34 *rice5işc!re +*itic/ 3i +!ce D!c/ 0e '*t/r/şte, ier, 0/ !1ere ! u4 +!rti1 c!re=i cere 0/ re4u47e ! +r*+ri! ui &*c!7ieiter!r/, +r*+u4341u=i, 34 0c'i5, 0/ c*4fec7i*4ee +r*/ 0!u +*eii 1u+/ 4*r5!ti&ee ir*uui +*itic 3 +ri&eşte P!rti1u c3şti)/ u4 4*u 5e5ru, şi +*!te c'i!r u4 4*u !)e4t eect*r! 0criit*ru 0e +ier1e +e 0i4eA0e5e4e! !1ic/ri 0!u 0i4uci1eri 0u4t cu4*0cute 34 i0t*ri! iter!turii u4i&er0!e, c'i!r 34!i4te 1e !+!ri7i! ir*uri*r +*itice şi i1e**)ii*r t*t!it!re Au f*0t 0criit*ri c!re !u !1ic!t 1e ! +r*+ri! *r &*c!7ie şi 5i0iu4e +e4tru c/ !u c/ut +r!1/ u4*r &icii 1e te41i47/ t*t!it!r/, 0!u +e4tru c/ 0=!u c*4&ertit, 0!u !u 0c'i5!t +ur şi0i5+u 1e &*c!7ie (Orie4tu cu4*!şte * 0e!5/ 1e +*e7i c!re !u 1e&e4it 0fi47i 0!u 5et!fiicie4i etc. i4)ur!1e*0eire 34tre !ce0te c!uri, e 1re+t, i*!te, şi te*riie !ctu!e !0u+r! !4)!/rii 0criit*ruui 0e !f/ 34 +!t*0u cuc!re 0e 5iite!/, 34 iee 4*!0tre, +e4tru i4tr!re! 34 r341uri ! !rtişti*r şi 5!i !e0 ! 0criit*ri*r+u4e!5 5!i 0u0 c/, c'i!r 1!c/ !r &*i, u4 0criit*r !ute4tic 4u 0e +*!te !4)!! t*t!, ca scriitor, +e4tru 0i5+u

5*ti& c/ e 4u +*!te tr/i, t*t!, 34 5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric Orice &*c!7ie !rti0tic/ 0e 4!şte c! u4 +r*te0t 35+*tri&!5*5e4tuui i0t*ric *ric!re !r fi !ce0t! Nu e &*r! 4u5!i1ec3t 1e +r*te0tu i40ti4cti& ! !rti0tuui35+*tri&! re!it/7ii ui i5e1i!te, 1e 1*ri47! ui 1e e&!iu4e 34 u5i i1e!e 0!u 34 ti5+uri 1e 5ut !+u0e C'i!r 34



!f!r/ 1e !te e&!iu4i (+re1e0ti4!te 34tre)ii 0+ecii u5!4e, 4u 4u5!i !rtişti*r., * &*c!7ie !rti0tic/, şi 34 0+eci!iter!r/, 0e 35+*tri&eşte 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4 +e4tru 0i5+u 5*ti& c/ e &*r! 4u5!i 1e un 5*5e4t,i!r te41i47! 344/0cut/ 34 *rice cre!t*r e0te 0/ cu+ri41/, 1!c/ 4u totul, ce +u7i4 c3t 5!i 5ut/ re!it!te i eHi0t/*4e i5e40e 1e re!it!te c!re 4u 0u4t i0t*rice, !1ic/ 4u 0u4t 5*1ific!ie 1e cur0u e&e4i5e4te*r, 4ici 1eu+tee 1e c!0/, 4ici 1e 4ece0it/7ie ec*4*5ice, c*4fictee +*itice etc, etc EHi0t/ 34 +ri5u r341 !ce 4e5/0ur!t*ce!4 ! 0uc*4ştie4tuui şi ! tr!40c*4ştie4tu=ui, +urt/t*r ! 5e5*riei c*ecti&e şi ! !r'eti+uri*r, i&*r 4u

4u5!i ! i40+ir!7iei !rti0tice, ci şi ! &i0uri*r, 4*0t!)ii*r şi e!titu1i4i*r 34tre)ii 0+ecii u5!4e T*!t/ !ce!0t/re!it!te u5!4/ +rece1e şi 1e+/şeşte 4u 4u5!i 5*5e4tu i0t*ric !ctu!, ci 34tre!)! i0t*rie ! u5!4it/7ii, e!!&341u=şi r/1/ci4ie, +e 1e * +!rte, 34 340/şi i4i5! 5!teriei &ii, i!r +e 1e !t/ +!rte 34 *4ee tr!40ce41e4te !e!r'eti+uri*r Orice 0criit*r, +ri4 !ctu 0/u 1e;C cre!7ie, 34ce!rc/ 0/ 1e+/şe!0c/ şi 0/ c*5+etee 5*5e4tu i0t*ric 34 c!re i=! f*0t 1!t 0/ tr/i!0c/, tru1i41u=0e 0/0ur+ri41/ 4u 4u5!i !t5*0fer! c*4te5+*r!4eit/7ii 0!e, ci şi !ce!0t/ re!it!te t*t!/ c!re 34ce+e cu +ri5ee&3c4iri !e 5!teriei &ii c! 0/ 0f3r=şe!0c/ 34 c*4ştii47! ui Du54eeu D!c/ u4 0criit*r !r treui 0/ 0crie 4u5!i +e4tru c*4te5+*r!4ii 0/i, !ş! cu5 3 0f/tuieşte !rtre, e 0=!r 0u0titui cr*4ic!ruui 0!u re+*rteruui 1e !ctu!it/7iD!r !ce!0t/ 0u0tituire e0te, 34 f*41, i5+r*!i/, u4 0criit*r fii41 i4c!+!i, +ri4 340/şi 0itu!7i! 0! 34 :4i&er0, 0/*)i41e!0c/ eHcu0i& cee! ce 3i re&ee!/ Ti5+u, 5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric V*c!7i! ui 1e 0criit*r 3 *i)/ 0/ u+tecu ti5+u, 0/ i 0e 35+*tri&e!0c/, 0/ re1e0c*+ere 34tre)u fr!)5e4t!t 1e Ti5+ 34tr=* i4fi4it!te 1e 5*5e4tei0t*rice

De !tfe c'i!r !tu4ci c341 0e 0+u4e c/ *+er! u4ui 0criit*r refecte!/ 34tru t*tu e+*c! 0! i0t*ric/ !ş! cu5 0e0+u4e u4/*!r/ 1e *+er! ui B!!c 0!u ! ui Pr*u0t treuie *0er&!t c/ !ce!0t/ *)i41ire !c/tuieşte 4u5!i u4!0+ect ! )e4iuui 0/u iter!r !omedia uman$ e0te, 1e0i)ur, * !15ir!i/ fre0c/ ! 0*ciet/7ii fr!4cee 1i4 +ri5! u5/t!te ! &e!cuui ! gg=e!, 1!r 4u e0te 4u5!i !t3tG 5!ri*r er*i !!cie4i e r/0+u41, +e0te &e!curi, +er0*4!)ii 0'!e0+e!rie4e 0!u !e tr!)e1iei !4tice e4iu ui B!!c c*40t/ t*c5!i 34 !ce!0t/ 0+*rire !5*5e4tuui i0t*ric +ri4 !u&iu4i tr!40i0t*rice 34 *+er! *ric/rui 5!re 0criit*r 34t34i5 5!i 5ute 1i5e40iu4i !eTi5+uuiG !c** 3şi 1!u 34t34ire şi 5*5e4tee i0t*rice, şi rit5urie 5!i e4te 0!u 5!i +reci+it!te !e u4ui ti5+c!re 4u 5!i e i0t*ric, ti5+u re)i5uui 4*ctur4 ! 0+irituui :&:8 34 f*41, 34 !ce!0t/ +!r!1*H!/ u+t/ cu ti5+u 0t/5/re7i! şi tr!)e1i! 0criit*ruui C/ci, +e 1e * +!rte, u4 0criit*r 4u +*!te fi absent 1i4 5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric, i!r +e1e !t/ +!rte e 4u +*!te fi +er5!4e4t pre)ent 34 !ce0t 5*5e4t Nu +*!te fi !0e4t 1ec3t cu ri0cu 1e ! cre! **+er/ !0tr!ct/, !rtifici!/, 'iri1/, i5it!7ie ! !t*r *+ere, 1i4 !te 5*5e4te i0t*rice Nu5!i cu u4 !0e5e4e! ri0c0e +*!te 0crie 34 iee 4*!0tre, 34 i5! şi 0tiu u4ui Petr!rc!, u4/*!r/, 0!u ! +*e7i*r +!r4!0ie4i :4 +*etc*4te5+*r!4 e 1!t*r 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e 0t!1iu !ctu! ! eH+erie47ei +*etice, !1ic/, 34tr=u4 cu&34t, 1e 34tre!)!

i0t*rie ! +*eiei E 4u 0e +*!te 34t*!rce ! E0c'i, 4ici 5/c!r ! B!u1e!ire E 4u +*!te 1ec3t relua, 1eci 0+*rişi re&!*rific!, te5ee şi 0itu!7iie e0c'iee4e 0!u !u1e!irie4e Pe 1e !t/ +!rte, *i)!t 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric, u4 0criit*r 4u +*!te, t*tuşi, 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5! 4u5!i 1e e, +e4tru c/, !5;F &/ut, e e 0*icit!t 1e * 5uti+icit!te 1e 0itu!7ii şi e 340et!t 1e 34tre), !1ic/ 1e t*t!it!te! *4e*r re!uui I4!ce0t +!r!1*H, 0+u4e!5, 34 4ece0it!te! 1e ! fi t*t*1!t/ în Ti5+ şi împotriva Ti5+uui, 0t/ 5/re7i! şi tr!)e1i!0criit*ruuiDe f!+t, !ce0t +!r!1*H 1*5i4/ *rice eHi0te47/ u5!4/, 4u 4u5!i !cee! ! 0criit*ruui Orice *5, 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re0e recu4*!şte *5, şi 4u 4u5!i u4it!te ***)ic/, 0*ci!/ 0!u ec*4*5ic/, e 0f3şi!t 34tre 4e&*i! 1e ! r/534e 34ti5+, şi 1e !=" 1e+/şi, 1e ! 4u refu! i0t*ri! c/rei! 3i e0te c*4te5+*r!4, şi t*tuşi, 1e ! şti 0=* 1e+/şe!0c/ şi 0=*1e&!*riee (+ri4 ieşirie 1i4 ti5+ +e c!re e re+rei4t/ eH+erie47! rei)i*!0/, 0!u 0+ecu!7i! 5et!fiic/, 0!u5e1it!7i!, c*4te5+!7i! e0tetic/ etc. D!r, 34 c!u 0criit*ruui, !ce!0t/ c*41i7ie )e4er! u5!4/ e0te şi 5!i !cut/Lu+t! 35+*tri&! ti5+uui i0t*ric e0te, 34 c!u ui, 5ut 5!i !+ri)/, 1!t*rit/ 34 +ri5u r341 libert$&ii 1e c!re e 0e

ucur/ 3'tr=* 5/0ur/ i4!cce0ii/ ce*r!7i *!5e4i D!c/ 0criit*ru, c! şi !rti0tu 34 )e4ere, +*!te re+ree4t! u4ti+ u5!4 &re14ic 1e 0ti5! ce*r!7i, f!+tu 0e 1!t*reşte 5!i !e0 +e4tru c/, +ri4 &i!7! şi *+er! ui, 0criit*ruînva&$ +e cei!7i !ce0t ucru, cu t*tu 4*u 34 :4i&er0 şi !t3t 1e )reu 1e re!i!tF libertatea+ 34 f*41, 0e +*!te 0+u4e,34tr=* f*r5u/ eHtre5 1e 0u5!r/, c/ 34tre!)! &i!7/ c*05ic/, r341uit/ 1e e)i şi 1eter5i4!t/ +34/ 34 cee 5!i 5ici!5/4u4te, ti41e 0/=şi 1e+/şe!0c/ +r*+riu 0/u 1e0ti4 /0341 0/ !+!r/ !ce0t 5*1 4*u 1e ! fiF iert!te! u5!4/E&i1e4t, iert!te! e0te !cce0ii/ *5uui c! !t!re, şi, ce +u7i4 1e ! !+!ri7i! creşti4i05uui, şti5 c/ u4 *5 +*!tefi ier, u4/*!r/ +ri4 cre1i47/ C/ci +e4tru ce c!re cre1e, t*tu e +*0iiG !1ic/, 4u eHi0t/ e)e c!re 0/ 4u +*!t/fi !*it/, şi 4u eHi0t/ 1eter5i4i05 c!re 0/ 4u +*!t/ fi i4&!i1!tD!r 34 c!u 0criit*ruui, iert!te! 3şi 1e0c*+er/ * 1i5e40iu4e 34 +u0F e! e cre!t*!re 4u 4u5!i 1e &i!7/i4teri*!r/, ci şi 1e *+ere 1e !rt/G c!re, 34tr=u4 !4u5e fe, !1!u)/ f*r5e şi eHi0te47e 4*i :4i&er0uui, c*!*re!/,!5 +ute! 0+u4e, ! c*5+et!re! Cre!7iei Orice *5 +*!te 1e0c*+eri iert!te! şi=şi +*!te 0!&! +r*+ri! 0! &i!7/i4teri*!r/ D!r 4u5!i !rti0tuui 3i e0te 1!t s$ arate r*1u !ce0tei iert/7i, s$ înve&e +e cei!7i, +ri4 +r*+ri! ui*+er/, cu5 0e +*!te u+t! cu ti5+u r/534341 t*tuşi 34 e, cu5 0e +*!te +re0i57i eter4it!te! 34 ci+/ şi +e4itu1i4e! 34 i0t*rieC/ci, 1e f!+t, !ce0t! e0te 1e0ti4u *5uuiF 0/ tr/i!0c/ 34 Ti5+, 34 I0t*rie, +/0tr341 t*tuşi e)/tur! cu eter4it!te!



C/ !ce0t 1e0ti4 e0te f*!rte !r!re*ri 341e+i4it, * şti5 cu t*7ii Cee! ce şti5 5!i; +u7i4 e0te c/ r!t!re! *5uui 0e 1!t*reşte 34 +ri5u r341 f!0ei 0!u i40uficie4tei ui c*4ce+7ii 1e0+re iert!te!u5!4/ Pe4tru *5, iert!te! 4u +*!te fi !ctu!i!t/ 1ec3t 35+*tri&! 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric, 35+*tri&! ti5+uui c!re te 0ieşte 0/ f!ci cut!re 0!u cut!re ucru +e4tru c/ te !fi 34tr=* !4u5it/ 0itu!7ie i0t*ric/ şi, !0tfe, te 1eter5i4/4ec*4te4it, tr!40f*r5341u=te, +34/ ! ur5/, 34tr=u4 r**t Actu 1e cre!7ie ! 0criit*ruui e0te u4 !ct ier E&i1e4t

0u4t i5+ic!te 34 e * 0e!5/ 1e 1eter5i4!4te (4!7iu4e, c!0/ 0*ci!/, 5*5e4t i0t*ric, c*41i7ie ec*4*5ic/,te40iu4e +0i'**)ic/ etc., 1!r !ctu 1e cre!7ie !rti0tic/ r/534e, t*tuşi, u4 !ct ier, 1!c/ 4=!r fi 1ec3t +ri4 f!+tu c/,34 cee 1i4 ur5/, !rti0tu 1eci1e 1!c/ 3şi 35+i4eşte 0!u 4u *+er!Cre!7iie !rti0tice !c/tuie0c u4 5*1e i1e! +e4tru *5u c! !t!re, 4u +e4tru f!+tu c/ 34 ee !ce0t! 3şi !e)e5*1eu c!re treuie i5it!t ci +e4tru c/ * cre!7ie !rti0tic/ 340e!54/ e-primarea unui act de libertate, şi*5e4ire! 0e 341re!+t/ (cu c3t/ tru1/ şi c3t 034)e. c/tre e*4u iert/7ii cre!t*!re, cu5 0+u4e!5, ! u4ui 4*u 5*11e ! fi 34 :4i&er0 Ace!0t! 340e!54/ c/ u4 0criit*r 0e 1e*0eeşte 1e re0tu 0e5e4i*r 0/i +e4tru c/ e !r!t/, +ri4*+er! ui, ce poate fi *5u, ce trebuie 0/ fie e 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e40, e !4tici+e!/ * c*41i7ie u5!4/ +e c!re4u5!i &iit*ru 341e+/rt!t * +*!te )e4er!i! 5!0i& i !ce!0t! +e4tru 0i5+u 5*ti& c/ *+er! 1e !rt/ 0e54ific/!t3t * iert!te c3t şi * cre!7ie, c!re, 34 f*41, 0u4t !cce0iie c*41i7iei u5!4e c! !t!re, 34 ci+! c341 0e i! +e 1e+i4cu4*şti47/ 1e e! De !cee! 0e şi 0+u4e c/ iter!tur! !ut/ +e *5 0/ 0e eieree, re)/0i41u=0e t*t*1!t/ +e 0i4e Nu +e4tru c/ 3 !ut/ 0/ e&!1ee 1i4 +ree4t ci +e4tru c/, +ri4 5!)i! !rtei, *5u +re0i5te, *0cur, cee! ce e0teeHe5+!r 34tr=* *+er/, cee! ce, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, 4e re&ee!/ e!F c/ e0te * crea&ie liber$, şi c/ ! f*0t +*0ii/

1!t*rit/ u+tei cu Ti5+uDi4 !ce!0t/ u+t/ cu Ti5+u +e c!re * +*!rt/, 34tre !7ii, 0criit*rii, +r*fit/ * *5e4ire 34tre!)/ Cutur! e0te, 34)e4ere, ti5+ c*4ce4tr!t Cee! ce +e4tru cee!te 0+ecii ***)ice !c/tuieşte 5e5*ri! *r)!4ic/, i40ti4ctu, e0te +e4tru *5 cutur! şi i5!u O eH+erie47/ 0+iritu!/ 5ie4!r/ e tr!405i0/ 34 c3te&! 5ii 1e +!)i4i P!rcur)341c3te&! eci 1e c/r7i, u4 *5 tr/ieşte c3te&! 0ute 1e &ie7i şi 0e 35*)/7eşte cu eci 1e 5ii 1e eH+erie47e Nu e&*r! 4u5!i 1e cee! ce 34&!7/ e 34 c'i+ 1irect (c/ci şi 5!4u!ee 34&!7/ 1e0tue ucruri., ci 5!i !e0 1e cee! ce i0e re&ee!/, 34 c'i+ *0cur, +ri4 c*4ce4tr!re! Ti5+uui, !1ic/ +ri4 înfrîngerea ui 34 *+er! ite=;Ar!r/, *5u 34t34eşte u4 !t c'i+ 1ec3t ce eH+eri5e4t!t 1e e 1irect (!ş!=i0! 1ur!t/. Ace0t ti5+ 4u e0te, t*tuşi,!rtifici!, 4ici !0tr!ct !ş! cu5 e0te, u4/*!r/, ti5+u 5!te5!tic E0te u4 ti5+ i0t*ric, * 1ur!t/ c!re ! f*0t c*4ce4tr!t/, !1ic/ ! +utut fi, +ri4 iert!te! şi )e4iu cre!t*ruui, 1r*it şi tr!40fi)ur!t K/r/ 0/=şi 1e! 34t*t1e!u4! 0e!5!, citit*ruînva&$ cu5 0/ u+te cu ti5+u +ri4 0i5+u f!+t c/ citeşte iter!tur/ A/turi 1e libertatea +e c!re * re&ee!/

*rice *+er/ 1e !rt/, e 1e0c*+er/, 34 +u0, +*0iiit!te! 1e ieşire 1i4 ti5+ +ri4 c*4ce4tr!re! ui, cee! ce e0te 1e!u4 +!0 i5+*rt!4t u+t! cu ti5+u, u+t! +e c!re treuie 0=* 1e! fiec!re *5 34 + 4e!ut*r!t 1e 4i5e4i=! 0+u0 c/ !rt! e0te * 0*r/ 5!i 5ic/ ! rei)iei, i!r c/ !rti0t 0u4t 4e+*7ii ui Du54eeu (P!+i4i., c*+iii Luifii41 0fi47ii Ce& t*t e0te !1e&/r!t 34 !ce0te cu&i4te 1e 0+irit Rei)i! e0te 34!i4t 1e t*!te * te'4ic/ ! eter4it/7ii,* 5et*1/ 1e ! !*i ti5+u i0t*ri i!r 0fi47ii 0u4t !cei *!5e4i c!re !u 1*341it * !t3t 1e 5!re ier t!te 34c3t ti5+u, +e4tru ei, 1e&i4e i4eHi0te4t,ei tr/i41 34c'işi ci+/, !1ic/ 34 eter4it!te A5 &/ut c/ şi cre!7i! i&*r/şte t*t 1 iert!te şi 0e 35+i4eşte t*t +ri4tr=* u+t/ cu ti5+u şi * 34fr34)e ! ui Pe4tru e+*c! !t3t 1e +r*f!4/, !1ic/ 1e0!cr!i!t/, +e c!re tr/i5, !ce0t5e0!)iu şi eHe5+u +e c!re=" !1uce !rt! iter!r/ ec'i&!e!/ !+r*!+e cu * te'4ic/ 5i0tic/ De)r!1!t/, 0e=47ee)e,c! 0/ fie +e 347ee0u şi ! 341e534! *5uui 5*1er4, *5u &3r0tei 34tu4ec!te, 1!r 4u 5!i +u7i4 * te'4ic/ 5i0tic/G!1ic/ * 5et*1/ 1e 0!&!re ! *5uuiD!r 4u treuie 0/ uit/5 c/ *5u 0e 0!&e!/, !1ic/F 3 re)/0eşte i4te)r!it!te! ui u5!4/, 1e f/+tur/ +erfect/, 4u5!dincolo 1e 5*5e4tu 0/u i0t*ric, c'i!r 1!c/ 4u *i)!t*ri împotriva !ce0tui 5*5e4t

0Luceaf$rul, 5!i "#<#. R'>@Ş PR@*@P@P%!E i4uci1ere!, !ce!0t/ uti5/ iert!te c!re e=! r/5!0 r*5;4i*r, cu4*!şte !0t/i * tri0t/ 34f*rire 34 34tre!)! Q!r/A/turi 1e !t3te! !te 4u5e, !f/5 c/ şi Dr!)*ş Pr*t*+*+e0cu, 5urit*r 1e f*!5e, &3rit 34 0tr!1/ cu 1/0!)! ui 1e5!4u0cri0e, şi=! +u0 c!+/t ie*r E+ur!t 1e 5!i 5u3e *ri, t*er!t u4 ti5+ c! 0/ +*!t/ fi u5iit 5!i<Bcu5+it c3te&! u4i 34 ur5/, ! 0u+r!&ie7uit +34/ 5!i 1eu4/i 1i4 5i! c3t*r&! şi, 5!i !e0, 1i4 &34!re! '!i4e*r şi! uti5e*r c/r7i !e ii*tecii 0!e (c!re, &!i, 4u cu+ri41e! 1ec3t !ut*ri 1e i5/ e4)e/. Mut/ &re5e !*cuit 34tr=* *1/i7/ ! K!cut/7ii 1e Litere şi ! 534c!t ! * c!4ti4/ 0tu1e47e!0c/ D!r şi !ce0te uti5e +ri&ie)ii 1ec/rtur!r i=!u f*0t i4teri0e De Re&*u7i! P*+u!r/, e&i1e4tI4 +r!)u ceei 1i4 ur5/ !ec7ii, 34!i4te 1e ! 0e /0! 0/ 5*!r/ +e 0tr!1/, 34!i4te 1e ! 34ti41e 534! f*şti*r uiee&i şi c*e)i, Dr!)*ş Pr*t*+*+e0cu 0=! '*t/r3t 0/ 34fru4te ce 5!i 5!re +/c!t 1e c!re 0e +*!te f!ce &i4*&!t u4creşti4, +/c!tu 35+*tri&! 4/1e1ii şi 0=! 0i4uci0 Cu e ! +ierit 4u 4u5!i u4 f*!rte *ri)i4! 0criit*r, u4u 1i4r!rii !ut*ri r*5;4i c!re ! iutit 0/ 34cet/7e4e!0c/ Au5*ur=u 0!H*4 (4e )341i5 34 +ri5u r341 ! &*u5u ui 1e4u&ee Iarmarocul Mete"nelor2, 1!r şi ce 5!i 34e0tr!t şi 5!i +re)/tit tr!1uc/t*r ! ui '!e0+e!re C/ci, 1u+/



5ute eH+erie47e iter!re şi critice, 1u+/ * 0curt/ şi !&e4tur*!0/ c!rier/ )!et/re!0c/ şi +*itic/, Dr!)*şPr*t*+*+e0cu 0e 1/rui0e eHcu0i& t/5/cirii +ie0e*r şi +*e5e*r ui '!e0+e!re, c!rte 34ce+ut/ 34!i4te 1e r/*işi c*4ti4u!t/ cu * &i)*!re cre0c341/ 34 ti5+u r/*iuui şi 1u+/G *+er! !ce!0t! treui! 0/=i 34cu4u4ee 34tre!)!0! !cti&it!te iter!r/G c/ci 34 +/5/1ire! ei 3şi 1/1e!u 34t34ire !t3t !15ir!iu eHe)et, eru1it şi i0t*ric iter!r, c3t şi +*etu şi fi**fu c!re !c/tui!u, !*!t/, +er0*4!it!te! c*5+eH/ ! ui Dr!)*ş Pr*t*+*+e0cu Pri5ee &*u5e!u !+/rut ! Ku41!7iie Re)!e 34 !4ii "#68="#<> Ate ece &*u5e fu0e0er/, 1e !0e5e4e!, +re1!te E1iturii, 1!r

5*5e4tu 1i!ectic 0e 0c'i5!0e şi tr!1ucere! ceui 5!i 5!re +*et e4)e 1e&e4i0e !cu5 0u0+ect/ 1e !4)*=f!0ci05 Dr!)*ş Pr*t*+*+e0cu 3şi c*4ti4u! t*tuşi t/5/cirie, +urt341u=ş G 1/0!)! cu 5!4u0cri0e +retuti41e4i u41e3 i)*4e! 0*!rt!G e=! /0!t 1i4 53i4i 1*!r !cu5 34 ur5/, c341 0=! '*t/r3t 0/ tre!c/, 0i4)ur, +u4te! ce! f/r/ 1e34t*!rcere Ni=" &*5 !5i4ti 34t*t1e!u4! !ş! cu5 =!5 cu4*0cut, !ş! cu5, 5!i !e0, &*i! e 0/ fie cu4*0cut şi !5i4titFee)!4t, 1e * ee)!47/ i4te47i*4!t !)re0i&/, c! 0/ c*4tr!0tee c3t 5!i 0tri1e4t cu i5!)i4e! +*+u!r/ ! 0criit*ruui *e5, 4e)ie4t şi 5ur1!rG fu5341 &eş4ic 1i4 +i+/, c! 0/=şi !r!te 1i0+re7u +e4tru c'işt*cu 5!'!!eiG *c&!ce, +r*&*c!t*r ir*4ic, 0e40ii ! f!r5ecee 1i!*)uui, !e iuirii şi !e +*eiei A +re7uit, +*!te 5!i 5ut 1ec3t !r fi5erit!t, i4tei)e47! şi &i!7! ui ! f*0t ter*ri!t/ 1e +r*şti A &i0!t, 34</ti4ere7e! ui, ! 4*iee &irtu7i e4)ee şi ! tr/it 1e0tu c! 0/ e &!1/ c/c!te 34 +ici*!re şi !t*c*rite, !*!t/cu t*!te cee!te &irtu7i eur*+e4e i !ce0t /r!t ee)!4t, *+ti5i0t, c!re cre1e! 34 iuire, 34 +*eie, 34 *i!it!te,şi=! 1!t 1u'u 34 ce! 5!i 4e!)r/ 5ierie, 1e4/1/1uit, 34tri0t!t şi 0i4)ur

0Eniunea Rom=n$, iu4ie "#<#. P%*@RI #VR#I!I De0fii47!re! +ri4 1ecret ! Bi0ericii rec*=C!t*ice r*5;4eşti şi +er0ecu7i! +re!7i*r u4i7i !u 0t3r4it, şi 34 Q!r/ şi +e0te )r!4i7e, u4 4*u &! 1e i41i)4!re 35+*tri&! *cu+!4tuui I4uti 0/ re!5i4ti5 f!+teeG 4u e0te r*5;4 c!re 0/4u e cu4*!0c/ şi 0/ 4u 0e cutre5ure Bi0erici *cu+!te cu 5ii7ie4i, +re*7i !re0t!7i 0!u !0!0i4!7i 34 f!7! !t!re*r,c/u)/ri7e ri1ic!te cu 1u!, 34 5ieu 4*+7ii, 34te54i7!te şi !t*c*rite, +re*7i şi e+i0c*+i 0ur)'iu4i7i cu 0utee 34534/0tiri, 34 !şte+t!re! 1e+*rt/rii 1i4c** 1e :r!i Ace!0t/ 4*u/ 1*&!1/ 1e 347ee0u c!re 0e 1/ iert/7iirei)i*!0e 1i4c** 1e C*rti4! 1e fier ! !&ut, 1e*c!51!t/, u4 0i4)ur reut!t +*iti&F creştere! &erti)i4*!0/, 344e!5u 34tre), ! 1r!)*0tei f!7/ 1e !ceşti fr!7i !i 4*ştri 34tru cre1i47/ Nici*1!t/ 0ufetee r*5;4eşti 4=!u f*0t 5!i!+r*!+e 1e Bi0eric! :4it/ şi c! !t!re f!7/ 1e Bi0eric! R*5!4*=C!t*ic/G 4ici*1!t/ cre1i47! 5/rturi0it/ 1e !ce!0t/Bi0eric/ 0*r/ 4=! !+/rut, 4e!5uui 34tre), 5!i +uter4ic/ şi 5!i r*1it*!re c! 34 !ce0te ie 1e 4/+/0tuire C/ci, 1e! 34ce+utu creşti4/t/7ii, 034)ee 5!rtiri*r ! f*0t t*t1e!u4! 0/5347! 4*i*r c*4&ertiri şi, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, !534tuirii

Ac** u41e !u !&ut +uti47! 0=* f!c/, re+ree4t!47ii ceruui *rt*1*H !u +r*te0t!t 35+*tri&! !ce0tei 4*i f/r/1ee)işi şi=!u 5/rturi0it 1e0c'i0 0*i1!rit!te! cu fr!7ii *r 34tru C'ri0t*0 Aş!, u4/*!r/, !u f/cut +re*7ii *rt*1*cşi 1e !P!ri0, 34tr=* 0cri0*!re c/tre !4ctit!te! ! P!+! Piu0 ! Ig=e!, 0cri0*!re c!re ! f*0t 1!t/ +uicit/7ii şi c!re ! f*0tci40tit/ cu u4 c!1 r/0+u40 ! f3'tuui P/ri4teti5, 1e !0e5e4e!, c/ 34 5ute i0erici *rt*1*He 1i4 Q!r/ +re*7ii şi=!u 5/rturi0it, 5!i 5ut 0!u 5!i +u7i41e0c'i0, 1u+/ 35+reur/ri, 0i5+!ti! şi !15ir!7i! *r f!7/ 1e +re!7ii şi cre1i4ci*şii )rec*=c!t*ici C! * +ri5/ urr=!re ! !ce0tei !titu1i4i, !ui5 1e 1e+*rt!re! c3t*r&! 0ute 1e +re*7i *rt*1*cşi E 4u5!i u4 34ce+ut<SD!r, * 0+u4e5 cu 0tr34)ere 1e i4i5/ şi cu *r!u 1*)*rit 1e ruşi4e, 4=!5 !uit 1e u4 0i4)ur E+i0c*+ *rt*1*Hc!re 0/=şi fi 5/rturi0it 34 c'i+ +uic 1e!+r*!re! f!7/ 1e !ce!0t/ 0i4icie P*!te 4e 34şe/5F +*!te !0e5e4e!1*&ei 1e cur! creşti4e0c !u !&ut *c şi +ri4tre 34!7ii Ier!r'i !i Bi0ericii Ort*1*He, !ş! cu5 0=! 34t35+!t cuu5iii +re*7i 1e 0!te P*!te 1!r 4=!5 !uit 4i5icti5 ce 4i 0e +*!te r/0+u41eF c/ 34!7ii Ier!r'i !u f*0t ei 34şişi c*40tr34şi +ri4 5i*!ce 0i4ice 0/ +r*ce1ee !

c*4&er0iu4e! (. 34 5!0/ ! u4i7i*rG c/, 34 i4tere0u 0u+eri*r ! 4e!5uui, !u !cce+t!t * !0e5e4e! 5işee!0c/5i0iu4e 4u5!i c! 0/=şi +*!t/ +/0tr! *curie 1e P/0t*ri !i tur5ei cre1i4ci*şi*r, *curi +e c!re !t5i4teri e=!r fi*cu+!t 4etre4ici 1e te!+! ui Ju0ti4i!4 etc, etc T*!te !0te! 0u4t, 34 +!rte, !1e&/r!te 34 trecutu Bi0ericii 4*!0tre,34!7ii P/0t*ri !u f*0t !1e0e! 0ii7i 0/ !cce+te, &re5e4ic, '*t/r3rie +uterii te5+*r!re +e4tru c! 0/ +*!t/ 0!&!re0tuG !1ic/, u4it!te! 1e cre1i47/ ! 4e!5uui, 0ufetu ui Nu5!i c/, 1e !0t/ 1!t/, e &*r! 1e ce&! 5ut 5!i )r!&F1e 1e0fii47!re! u4ei Bi0erici 0ur*ri 1i4 *r1i4u *cu+!4tuui şi 1e +!rtici+!re! 34!7i*r P/0t*ri 34 !ce!0t/1e0fii47!re i 5!i e ce&!F 34 r/*iu rei)i*0 1e/47uit !0t/i 34 u5e, creşti4i05u, 34 34tre)u ui, e !t!c!t f/r/5i/G şi e !t!c!t 1e cei c!re =!u c*41!54!t 5!i 1e 5ut ! 5*!rte, şi c!re 0u4t t*c5!i cei c!re !u 34!r5!t 534!ui Ju0ti4i!4 34 !ce!0t/ u+t/ +e &i!7/ şi +e 5*!rte 4u +*t eHi0t!, +e4tru cei c!re 0e +re0u+u4 ! fi P/0t*rii +*+*!re*r, tr!4!c7iu4i, c*5+r*5i0uri, c3r1/şii 4ici c'i!r &re5e4ice Ee 4=!r f**0i ! 4i5ic, 1e !t5i4teriPe4tru c/ +e !ce0t tere4 4u eHi0t/ c*5+r*5i0 Ai, 53i4e, e+i0c*+ii *rt*1*cşi &*r ur5! +e fr!7ii *r u4i7i 34te54i7e şi 1e+*rt!re V*r fi şi ei 5!rtiri!7i, 1!r 1u+/ ce !u f*0t 3' +re!!i c*5+r*5işi şi 1e)r!1!7i 34 *c'ii tutu=r*r cre1i4ci*şi*r Nu !&e5 1re+tu 0/ cere5 5!rtir!u 4i5/4ui D!r !&e5 1re+tu 0/ !5i4ti5 34!7i*r Ier!r'i c/ 0fi47iie *rre+rei4t/ +e4tru 4*i, ce +u7i4 5!i 5ut 1ec3t * c3r/ e+i0c*+!/, re+rei4t/ (e 1re+t, 4u5!i *fici!.



0fi47e4i! 34tre)ii Bi0erici Ort*1*He, c!re ! +/5/1it, 4e4u5/r!te &e!curi 1e=! r341u, 340uşi 0ufetu 4e!5uuir*5;4e0c ti5 c/ 4ic/ieri, 1e*c!51!t/ ce +u7i4, 4=! &e4it ti5+u !titu1i4i*r 13re Nici 34!tu cer 5!)'i!r 4u0=! 0*i1!ri!t f/7iş cu c!r1i4!u Mi410e4t, 4ici 34!tu cer u)!r 4=! +r*te0t!t f!7/ 1e +r*ce0ee 340ce4!teP/0t*ri*r u)!ri Tr/i5, !0t/i, 5*5e4tu rei0te47ei +!0i&e C/ * !0e5e4e! rei0te47/ e0te, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, iruit*!re, ! 1*&e1it=*, 1e cur341,<O

M!'!t5! !41'i D!r 4u treuie 0/ uit/5 c/ !ce!0t/ rei0te47/ +!0i&/ 4u eHcu1e 5!rtir!u I41e+e41e47! I41iei! f*0t 1*341it/ cu +re7u ! c3t*r&! 5ii*!4e 1e !4i 1e 34c'i0*!re, şi 5ute eci 1e 5ii 1e 5!rtiri!7i i, !+*i,eHi0t/ şi * ier!r'ie ! +!0i&it/7ii, u4 1re+tcre1i4ci*0 0e +*!te 5u7u5i 0/ c*5+/ti5e!0c/ 5!rtir!u fr!7i*r uiu4i7i şi 0/ 0e r*!)e +e4tru eiG 1!r u4 e+i0c*+ treuie s$ m$rturiseasc$+ D!c/ 4=! f/cut !ce!0t/ 5/rturie, 4ici5itr!=i e+i0c*+!/, 4ici c3r!=i +/0t*re!0c/ 4u 340e!54/ 5!i 5ut 1ec3t er!u ee c341 !u ieşit 1i4 534!5eşteşu)!ruuiF 0i5+e *iecte 1e e54 şi 5et! i +e4tru c/ 4u 0u4te5 i1*!tri, ci creşti4i, 4u !&e5 4ici u4re0+ect +e4tru !0e5e4e! *iecte, 4ici +e4tru cei c!re 0e 35+*1*e0c cu eeD!r 4e&re14ici! 34!7i*r P/0t*ri *rt*1*cşi 4u i5+ic/ 4e&re14ici! *rt*1*Hiei Nu5!i u4 *5 1e re! cre1i47/ +*!tec*4fu41! 0!4ctit!te! Bi0ericii R*5!4*=C!t*ice cu +/0t*ri! P!+ei AeH!41ru ! V=e! Orice Bi0eric/, +ri4 340uşif!+tu c/, 34tr=* !4u5it/ 5/0ur/, 0e !f/ 34 ti5+ şi 34 i0t*rie, 4u 4u5!i 34 eter4it!te, ri0c/ 0/ fie c3r5uit/ c3te*1!t/şi 1e P/0t*ri 4e&re14ici Ace!0t! 4u=i ştireşte, 340/, 4ici 0fi47e4i!, 4ici +ere4it!te! N=!5 fi !5i4tit !0e5e4e!!1e&/ruri ee5e4t!re 1!c/ 4u 4e=!r fi f*0t 1!t 0/ citi5, 34tr=u4 +eri*1ic fr!4ce, !fir5!7iie uuit*!re !e u4ui +re*t )rec*=c!t*ic, referit*!re ! 4e0fi47e4i! Bi0ericii Ort*1*He, 34 34tre)u ei şi 34 34tre!)! ei i0t*rie O !0tfe 1e

!titu1i4e 0+er/5 0i4)u!r/, 4u 4i 0e +!re 4u5!i i+0it/ 1e ee5e4t!r! c!rit!te creşti4/G 1e !ce! c!rit!te c!ref!ce +e u4 &re14ic r*5!4*=c!t*ic 0/ )/0e!0c/ +e Du54eeu 4u 4u5!i 34tr=* i0eric/ *rt*1*H/, ci şi 34tr=u4te5+u +r*te0t!4t 0!u * 0i4!)*)/, ! c'i!r 34tr=u4 te5+u 'i41u0, 34 !f!r/ 1e !ce!0t/ 1*&!1/ 1e i+0/ 1e c!rit!te cu !t3t 5!i 1urer*!0/ cu c3t &i4e 1e ! * f!7/ i0erice!0c/ ! r*5;4i*r 1i4 eHi 5i 0e +!re 34c/ 5!i )r!&/1ec!r!7i! 5!i 0u0 5e47i*4!t/, +e4tru 5*ti&u c/ e! !r +ute! fi f**0it/ 1e *cu+!4t c! * 5!4e&r/ 1e 1i&er0iu4e,7i4341 ! 1eu4ire! 4*!0tr/ 0+iritu!/ Pe4tru c/, 34tr=!1e&/r, +e4tru 5!rHişti, c! şi +e4tru !ut*ru 1ec!r!7ii*r 1e5!i 0u0, Du54eeu 4u e0te şi 4u ! f*0t 34 Bi0eric! Ort*1*H/ 34tr=u4 5*5e4t c341 4e!5u 34tre) 0e 0tr34)e 34 uru 5!rtiri*r )rec*=c!t*ici, !0e5e4e! 1ec!r!7ii 0u4t 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 1/u4/t*!re Ee ri1ic/ 4*i şi i4utie*0t!c*e 34 c!e! !ceei c*5u4iu4i 34 1r!)*0te +ri4 c!re 0=!r +ute! !u4)e 34tr=* i şi ! * u4it!te 1e cre1i47/0Eniunea Rom=n$, iu4ie "#<#.<;!EVN#* N#'I#* Du+/ rei0te47ee +e c!re e=! 34t35+i4!t 34 ti5+u 0curtei şi c'i4uitei ui &ie7i, O+er! ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu 0=!

i5+u0 fu)er/t*rG 4e!5uui 34tre), i!r 4u 4u5!i +/turii cute Nu ştiu 1!c/ 0=! f/cut &re*1!t/ 0*c*te!!eHe5+!re*r ti+/rite 1i4 Poe)iile ui E5i4e0cu D!r, 34 5!i +u7i4 1e * u5/t!te 1e &e!c, +*eiie !ce0te! !u f*0tre+r*1u0e 34 5ute eci 1e e1i7ii, 1e ! 5*1e0tee ti+/rituri +*+u!re +34/ ! !15ir!i! e1i7ie critic/ ! Ku41!7ii*rRe)!e, 34)riit/ 1e Per+e00iciu0 A0t/i, 1u+/ ce=!u cu4*0cut !t3te! cu5i şi !t3te! *4*ruri, Poe)iile uiE5i4e0cu, ce4ur!te 34 7!r/, !+!r, !ş! cu5 e &e1e7i, 34 '!i4! 0fi*!0/ ! +rie)iei *ri! ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu !r fif*0t +*!te 5!i +u7i4 0e54ific!ti&/, 1!c/ 4=!r fi u!t şi e +!rte, 1e +e0te &e!c, ! tr!)e1i! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0cCe 340e!54/, +e4tru 4*i t*7i, +*ei!, iter!tur! şi )341ire! +*itic/ ! ui E5i4e0cu * şti5, şi !r fi !1!r4ic 0/ *re!5i4ti5 34c/ * 1!t/ T*t ce 0=! cre!t 1u+/ e, 1e ! Nic*!e I*r)! şi Tu1*r Ar)'ei +34/ ! V!0ie P;r&!4, N!eI*4e0cu şi Luci!4 B!)!, +*!rt/ +ecete! )e4iuui, cu)etuui 0!u 5/c!r ! i5ii e5i4e0cie4e R!re*ri u4 4e!534tre) 0=! re)/0it 34tr=u4 +*et cu !t3t! 0+*4t!4eit!te şi !tft! fer&*!re cu c!re 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0=! re)/0it 34 *+er!ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu 3 iui5 cu t*7ii +e Cre!4)/, 3 !15ir/5 +e @!01eu, 34&/7/5 0/ 0crie5 1e ! O1*e0cu, 3re0+ect/5 +e Titu M!i*re0cu şi !4e&*ie +ute5 /0! 0/ tre!c/ 5ut ti5+ f/r/ 0/=" reciti5 +e C!r!)i!e D!rE5i4e0cu e0te, +e4tru fiec!re 1i4 4*i, altceva+ E 4e=! re&e!t !te /ri şi 4e=! f/cut 0/ cu4*!şte5 !tfe 1e

!cri5i E, şi 4u5!i e, 4e=! !ut!t 0/ 4e 347ee)e5 /t!i! i4i5ii E 4e=! u5i4!t 347ee0u şi ucuri! 4e4*r*cuui1e ! fi r*5;4Pe4tru 4*i, E5i4e0cu 4u e 4u5!i ce 5!i 5!re +*et ! 4*0tru şi ce 5!i 0tr/ucit )e4iu +e c!re =!u /5i0it +/534tu, !+ee şi ceru r*5;4e0c E e0te, 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, 34tru+!re! 340/şi ! !ce0tui cer şi ! !ce0tui +/534t,cu t*!te fru5u0e7ie, 1urerie şi 4/1e1ie cre0cute 1i4 ee N*i, cei 1e !ici, ru+7i 1e +/534t şi 1e 4e!5, re)/0i5 34e t*t ce=!5 /0!t 34 ur5/, 1e ! &/1u'u 5u47i*r 4*ştri şi 1e ! 5e!4c*i! 5/rii 4*!0tre, +34/ ! ceru 4*+7iir*5;4eşti şi teiu 34f*rit ! c*+i/riei 4*!0tre Reciti41u=" +e E5i4e0cu, 4e re34t*!rce5, c! 34tr=u4 1uce 0*54,! 4*i !c!0/ 34tre) :4i&er0u 4*0tru 3 !&e5 34 !ce0te c3te&! eci 1e +!)i4i, +e c!re * 534/ '!r4ic/ e=! ti+/rit şie 35+!rte !0t/i 34 cee +!tru c*7uri !e u5ii, +e0te t*t<<u41e 4e=! 35+r/şti!t +rie)i! P/0tr!7i=e i4eG e0te t*t ce 4e=! r/5!0 4e34ti4!t 1i4 !+ee, 1i4 ceru şi 1i4 +/534tu4*0tru r*5;4e0cP!ri0, 0e+te5rie "#<#YPoe)ii+ Mi'!i E5i4e0cu Pref!7! 1e Mirce! Ei!1e, Kreiur), ei5!4F Bii*tec! R*5;4/, "#<#.

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L! "> i!4u!rie "#>$ 0e 35+i4e0c * 0ut/ 1e !4i 1e ! 4!ştere! ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu R*5;4ii 1i4 +rie)ie &*rc*5e5*r! !ce0t e&e4i5e4t 1u+/ +uterie *r, +retuti41e4i u41e i=! !ru4c!t 0*!rt!F 34 Ar)e4ti4!, 34 Kr!47! 0!u 34er5!4i! şi Au0tri! L! Kreiur) ie0e 1e 0u te!0c, c'i!r iee !ce0te!, * e1i7ie 1e +rie)ie ! ui E5i4e0cu L!P!ri0, ce4te4!ru 4!şterii ceui 5!i 5!re 0criit*r ! 4e!5uui 4*0tru &! fi 0/r/t*rit, 34tre !tee, 1e A0*ci!7i!cutur!/ Mi'!i E5i4e0cu, +ri4tr=u4 cicu 1e c*4feri47e c!re &*r !&e! *c 34 cur0u u4ii i!4u!rie i +ri4 +uic!re! u4ui 4u5/r 1i4 Luceaf$rul 34c'i4!t ui E5i4e0cu Af/5 c/ 34 Ar)e4ti4! şi 34 Br!ii! 0u4t 34

+re)/tire * 0e!5/ 1e fe0ti&it/7i 0i5i!re P*!te c/ ci4e&! 0e &! 34)rii 0/ 0tr34)/ !*!t/ t*!te +r*)r!5ee fe0ti=&it/7i*r c*5e5*r!ti&e, +e4tru ! fi 34t*c5it u4 C!e41!r ! Ce4te4!ruui ui E5i4e0cu 34 +rie)ie NuYe 1e*c 1e 5ir!re 0*i1!rit!te! 34tre)ii e5i)r!7ii r*5;4eşti 34 uru ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu De!0u+r! tutur*r)*rii*r efe5ere şi 1eşert/ciu4i*r e)!te 1e +!ti5ie 4*!0tre *5e4eşti, u4 0i4)ur +u4ct r/534e fiH, 4ec/ti4!t 1e4ici * c!t!0tr*f/ i0t*ric/F )e4iu Vec'e! @e!1/ ! +ierit 1e 5ut, 1!r )e4iu ui @*5er, ! ui E0c'i 0!u ! uiP!t*4 ! 0u+r!&ie7uit tutur*r 4!ufr!)ii*r şi &! 0u+r!&ie7ui c'i!r 1!c/ uti5u 1e0ce41e4t ! reciei c!0ice &! fişter0 1e +e 0u+r!f!7! +/534tuui Lu5e! 5e1ie&!/ ! 1i0+/rut 1e 5ut 1i4 i0t*rie, 1!r *+er! ui D!4te c*4ti4u/ 0/4utre!0c/ &i!7! 0+iritu!/ ! 5ii*!4e 1e cetit*ri 1i4 t*!te c*7urie +/534tuui Dr!5ee ui '!e0+e!re &*r fi t*t!t3t 1e +r*!0+ete şi t*t !t3t 1e !1e&/r!te c'i!r c341 i0t*ri! A4)iei &! fi uit!t/ +34/ şi 1e uti5ii 1e0ce41e47iOrice 0=!r 34t35+! cu 4e!5u r*5;4e0c, *ric3te 1e!0tre şi 0ufe=<C

îi

ri47e 4e=!u 5!i f*0t urite 1e Du54eeu, 4ici * !r5!t/ 1i4 u5e şi 4ici * +*i7ie, c3t !r fi e! 1e 1i!*ic/, 4u &! +ute! şter)e Luceaf$rul ui E5i4e0cu 1i4 5i4te! şi 1i4 0ufetu r*5;4i*r34 1r!)*0te! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c +e4tru ce 5!i 5!re +*et ! 0/u 0e 1e0uşeşte 0ete! 1e 4e5urire ! c*5u4it/7ii34tre)i :4 4e!5 0u+r!&ie7uieşte 4u +ri4 i0t*ri! 0!, ci +ri4 cre!7iie )e4ii*r 0!e D!c/ &ec'e! @e!1/ 4=!r fi !&ut1ec3t i0t*ri! 0!, şi 4=!r fi !&ut şi )e4iie ei, 1e ! @*5er +34/ ! P*ti4, !0t/i !5 fi ştiut 1e0+re 'ee4i c!5 t*t !t3t!c3te şti5 1e0+re 0ci7i, e!5i7i 0!u iiriG !1ic/, !t3t! c3t 0u4te5 *i)!7i 0/ 34&/7/5 ! şc*!/ (e&i1e4t, +re0u+u4341c/, f/r/ +!tri5*4iu 0+iritu! 'ee4, !r 5!i fi f*0t +*0ii 0i0te5u eur*+e!4 1e e1uc!7ie, cee! ce e cu t*tui5+r*!i. I0t*ri! e0te +ri4 1efi4i7ie 1e&e4ire, tr!40f*r5!re c*4ti4u/, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/ 1eşert/ciu4e Z!1!r4ic34ce!rc/ u4 re)e 0!u u4 1e0+*t 0/=şi c/1e!0c/ t!tu +e4tru eter4it!te O f*r5/ i0t*ric/, c'i!r 1!c/ !r fi +erfect/,e0te 34t*t1eu4! +rec!r/F 1ure!/ u4 !4u5it 4u5/r 1e !4i, 0!u 1e 1ece4ii, şi !+*i !0/ *cu u4ei !te f*r5ei0t*rice Nici u4 fe 1e eter4it!te 4u e0te 34)/1uit/ *r)!4i05e*r +*itice şi 0*ci!e i4)ur! eter4it!te!cce+t!t/ 1e i0t*rie e0te !cee! ! cre!7ii*r 0+iritu!e C!re, i4e347ee0, refecte!/ şi 0+ecificu 4!7i*4! ! )i4teicre!t*ruui, şi 5*5e4tu i0t*ric 34 c!re ! &ie7uit !ce0t!F e refecte!/ şi, !5 0+u4e, e +r*iecte!/ 34 eter4it!teP!tetic! u+t/ ! @e!1ei cu +erşii e0te 34c/ !ctu!/ +e4tru u5e! 5*1er4/, +e4tru c/ ! c34t!t=* E0c'i Au 5!i f*0tşi !te i4&!ii, 1e * +!rte şi 1e !t! ! M/rii E)ee, 1!r 1e0+re ee şti5 f*!rte +u7i4, +e4tru c/ 4=! eHi0t!t u4 E0c'ic!re 0/ e 0c*!t/ 1i4 i0t*rie şi 0/ e fiHee 34 eter4it!teO0cur, 1!r 4u 5!i +u7i4 +!tetic, 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0i5te c/ şi=! !0i)ur!t 1re+tu ! 4e5urire 5!i !e0 +ri4cre!7i! ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu Petr*u şi !uru 4*0tru +*t, 34tr=* i, 0ec! riu 4*0tru +*!te fi f/cut 0/ cre!0c/ şi!iure! i 0=!r +ute! c! 34tr=* i, 4u +re! 341e+/rt!t/, 0tr!te)i! 5*41i!/ 0/ 0ufere !0e5e4e! 5*1ific/ri, 34c3t +*i7i! 4*!0tr/ 1e +*+*r 1e )r!4i7/ 0/=şi +i!r1/ 340e54/t!te! +e c!re * !re 1e u4 0ec* 34c*!ceG cu !te cu&i4te,R*5;4i! 0/=şi +i!r1/, +e4tru t*t1e!u4!, *rice ş!40/ 1e ! 5!i uc! u4 r* !cti& 34 i0t*ri! u4i&er0!/ T*!te !ce0te!0=!r +ute! 34t35+! :4 0i4)ur ucru 4u 0e 5!i +*!te 34t35+!F 1i0+!ri7i! +*e5e*r ui E5i4e0cu i, c3t ti5+ &!eHi0t!, u41e&! +ri4 u5e, u4 0i4)ur eHe5+!r 1i4 +*eiie ui E5i4e0cu, i1e4tit!te! 4e!5uui 4*0tru e0te 0!&!t/I0t*ri! +!tetic/ ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c ! f*0t +r*iect!t/ 34 eter4i=<F II

t!te +ri4 &er0urie u4ui +*et c!re ! 0uferit t*!t/ &i!7! 1e 0/r/cie, u4e*ri c'i!r şi 1e f*!5e, şi ! 5urit, *5*r3t 1eu4 4eu4, 34tr=u4 *0+iciu E0te * ec7ie 1e 5*1e0tie +e c!re 340/şi i0t*ri! 4e=* 1/, 4*u/, tutur*r! Ne!&341 cu5 0/=" 0u+ri5e 1i4 c*4ştii47! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, *cu+!4tu şi u4etee ui +re)/te0c ui Mi4!iE5i4e0cu * c*5e5*r!re triu5f!/ E&i1e4t, r/0t/5/ci41u=i *+er! +*etic/ şi 0u+ri534=1u=i 34tre!)! *+er/ +*itic/ Pe4tru 0uferi47ee şi 0/r/ci! ui, +*etu &! fi iert!t 1e 5ute +/c!te e &! !5i4ti, f/r/ 341*i!/, c/ +*etu ! 0t!t +re! 5ut 34 tur4u 1e fi1eş, şi 4u 0=! !4)!!t, cu tru+ şi 0ufet, 34tr=u4ui 1i4 +!rti1ee +r*)re0i0te !e ti5+uuiG şi 0e &! !5i4ti, c! * 1*!4!, c/ +*etu ! +refer!t 0/=şi +i!r1/ 4*+7ie +ec!t !0u+r!5!4u0cri0e*r 0!e, 34 *c 1e ! !cti&! 1e0c'i0, 34 f**0u +!triei, u341 +!rte ! 34tru4irie eect*r!e,frec&e4t341 c!fe4ee +*itice şi !cce+t51 c'i!r 5i0iu4i 1e 34!t/ r/0+u41ere 34 ci4e ştie ce c*5itet +r*&i4ci! +e4tru 0!&!re! 4e!5uui Aş! cu5 f!ce, u4/*!r/, 34 iee 4*!0tre, +*etu Mi4!i Be4iucD!r t*!te !ce0te! 0u4t 0ecu41!re I5+*rt!4t e0te f!+tu c/ *cu+!4tu e silit 0/=" c*5e5*ree +e E5i4e0cu şi34ce!rc/ 0/=" +rei4te c! u4 5!re +*et +r*)re0i0t I5+*rt!4t şi t*t*1!t/ 1e0tu 1e )r!& C/ci 34c/ * 1!t/ 0e

34ce!rc/ 0u+ri5!re! i1e4tit/7ii 4*!0tre 0+iritu!e şi !*ire! i0t*riei 4*!0tre E0te, 1eci, 34c/ u4 !te4t!t !4e5urire! 4*!0tr/ D!r, 1u+/ c3te şti5, +34/ !cu5, 34 +r!)u r/*!ie*r !t*5ice, 4ici*1!t/ 4=! +utut fi uci0u4 5!re +*et 34 c*4ştii47! 4e!5uui c!re "=! /5i0it i 4ici 5/c!r +er&ertit / !0cut/5, 1eci, f/r/ te!5/,



e*)iu +e c!re=" &! r*0ti !134cu cu4*0c/t*r ! )e4iuui r*5;4e0c, 1 C'işi4e&0i0EniuneaRom=n$, 4*ie5rie=1ece5rie "#<#.

RE%M!'R ICee 5!i +r*!0+ete 4*r5!ti&e cutur!e +e c!e 1e 34f/+tuire 34 Q!r/ tr/1e!/ şi 5!i c!r +*itic! 1e1e4!7i*4!i!re ! *cu+!4tuui De 1!t! !ce!0t!, uti5ee +uic!7ii !ş!=i0e ştii47ifice, t*er!te 0/ !+!r/ 34 i5!

fr!4ce/ +34/ 34 +ri5/&!r! "#<#, !u f*0t 0*5!te< 0/ 0e !ut*1e0fii47ee Cit/5, u4/*!r/, c!u re&i0tei Julletin linguistiXue 0u 1irec7i! +r*fe0*ruui AeH!41ruR*0etti, *5 ! re)i5uui Nici 5/c!r !ce0t r/0f/7!t ! +!rti1uui c*5u4i0t 4u şi=! +utut 0!&! re&i0t! i5+u f!+tc/ !+/re! 34 i5! fr!4ce/ i=* c*41!54!0e f/r/ !+eDe c37i&! !4i, +*itic! 1e 1e*cci1e4t!i!re ! *cu+!4tuui ! f/cut c*40i1er!ie +r*)re0e 34 "#<- !u f*0ti4teri0e t!cit tr!1ucerie 1i4 !ut*rii !4)*=0!H*4iG 34 "#<% 0=! 34ce+ut e+ur!re! ii*teci*r +uice,341e+/rt341u=0e 4u 4u5!i !ut*rii f!0cişti şi re!c7i*4!ri, ci şi 0criit*rii *cci1e4t!iG 34 "#<8 4u 5!i +/tru41e!4ici * c!rte 34 i5ie *cci1e4t!e, !f!r/, i4e347ee0, 1e +uic!7iie c*5u4i0te D!c/ 7i4e5 0e!5! 1e +erc'ei7iie 5!0i&e, 1e c*4fi0c!re! ir/rii*r şi !4tic/rii*r, 1e ri0curie ce e i4cu5/ +/0tr!re! u4ei ii*teci +!rticu!re !c/tuite 1e c/r7i 34 i5ie *cci1e4t!e e uş*r 1e 347ee0 c/ !0i0t/5 ! 34c/ * 0ec/tuire, 5et*1ic/ şir!1ic!/, ! +!tri5*4iuui 4!7i*4! Pe4tru c/ 5ii*!4ee 1e eHe5+!re c*4fi0c!te fie 34 i5ie *cci1e4t!e, fietr!1uceri 1i4 !ut*ri *cci1e4t!i re+rei4t/ * !&ere i4c!cu!i/ +e4tru 4e!5u 34tre), 4u 4u5!i 1!t*rit/ &!*rii

*r 34 0i4e, ci 341e*0ei fu4c7iei +e c!re c*4ti4u!u 0=* 341e+i4e!0c/, 5!i !e0 !cu5, 34 c!41e0ti4it!te (A5 !uitc/ u4 eHe5+!r 1i4 Le >rand %c"isme, ! ui R!5*41 Ar*4, ! f*0t citit 1e +e0te * 5ie 1e *!5e4i 34!i4te 1e ! fic*4fi0c!t. D!c/ e !1e&/r!t c/ 1 C'işi4e&0i !re ! 1i0+*i7i! 0! +!tru cre5!t*rii 34 c!re 0e !r1 c!5i*!4e 34tre)i1e c/r7i 34 fiec!re 4*!+te, 347ee)e5 şi ce 0e 34ur4=+/ cu eHe5+!ree e+ur!te, c*4fi0c!te 0!u i4teri0eDi4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere 5!rHi0t, cri5! !ce!0t! 35+*tri&! c/r7ii *cci1e4t!e e0te * !er!7ie Pe4tru c/, 34 *ri*4tu5!rHi05uui, ur)'ei! şi=! 35+i4it r*u ei i0t*ric +34/ ! c!+/t, 1i0tru)341 feu1!it!te! şi 35+*tri&i41u=0e!0*uti05uui Deci, c'i!r 1!c/ !r fi c*40i1er!t/, 34 *c, * eH+re0ie ! ur)'eiei, iter!tur! *cci1e4t!/ 1i40ec*u ! gg=e! şi +ri5u 0fert ! 0ec*uui ! gg=e! 4u +ute! fi, c! !t!re, c*41!54!t/ M!re! ei &i4/ e0te,340/, c/ 4=! f*0t 0cri0/ 34 ru0eşte Pe !ut*rii ruşi ur)'ei, c*+iii 4*ştri 3i 34&!7/ 34 t*!te şc*ie 1i4 Q!r/ 34ru0eşte Occi1e4tu e i4teri0 +e4tru c/ e +utre1 (eHi0t/ *!re ce&! 5!i +utre1 1ec3t *)*, *4ce!r*&, Ce'*&şi c'i!r D*0t*ie&0i^. E i4teri0, +ur şi 0i5+u, +e4tru c/ 4u e ru0 Nu5!i !ş! 0e eH+ic/ 1e ce !u 34ce+ut 0/ fieretr!0e 1i4 circu!7ie tr!1ucerie fr!4cee 1i4 Le4i4 şi t!i4 Li5! fr!4ce/, e! 340/şi, e i5+ur/ Le4i4, c! 0/ fie i4e 347ee0, 4u +*!te fi citit 1ec3t 34 1*u/ i5iF ru0eşte şi, 1e*c!51!t/, r*5;4eşte D!r şi

<A!ce!0t/ i5/ r*5;4e!0c/ &! fi +i&it/ 1e t*!te 4e**)i05ee De! 4u 0e 5!i +*!te 0crie, 34 r*5;4eşte amic şiinamic5 treuie 0+u0 prieten şi neprieten+ 34 cur341 &*5 fi 0ii7i 0/ 0+u4e5 priatini şi niepriatini+ Nu +e4tru c/!ş! 3i 0t/ 5!i i4e u4ui 5!rHi0t*=e4i=4i0t, ci +e4tru c/ !ş! 0e 0+u4e +e ru0eşteRe+et/5F cri5! !ce!0t! 35+*tri&! Occi1e4tuui e0te, 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere 5!rHi0t, * !er!7ie D!r 4*i 34t*t1e!u4!!5 0u07i4ut c/ 5!rHi05u 4=!re ce c/ut! 34 eH+ic!re! 0itu!7iei i0t*rice ! R*5;4iei !ctu!e B!05ee cu re&*u7i! +r*et!r/ şi &ict*ri! 0*ci!i05uui 0u4t u4e +e4tru c*+iii 1i4 Occi1e4t şi i1e!iştii 1i4 EHtre5u Occi1e4tLucrurie 0u4t, 34 f*41, 5ut 5!i 0i5+e şi i4fi4it 5!i tr!)ice Nu e &*r! 4ici 1e re&*u7ie, 4ici 1e 0*ci!i05 E&*r! 1e ru0ific!re! 5!0i&/ şi r!+i1/ ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c I40+ir!t*rii ui C'işi4e&0i !u re4u47!t c'i!r ! +*itic! 1e 0!&i!re tre+t!t/, ! c!re !1er!0er/, 34 ur5! 0u)e0tiei A4ei P!uer, 34 "#<> Nu=i 5!i i4tere0e!/ 0/1e&e4i5 0!&i Ce'ii, 0*&!cii, +**4eii, iu)*0!&ii 0u4t t*t 0!&i şi c*4ti4u/ 0/ e f!c/ 34curc/turi O!5e4ii 4u&*r 0/ 5!i fie +icti0i7i cu fr/7iet!te! 0!&/ =!u c*4&i40 c/ e 5!i c*5*1 0/ 4e 1ec!re 1e=! 1re+tu ruşi34c/ * 1!t/, 0/ 4u +/c/tui5 +ri4tr=u4 *+ti5i05 +e c!re 35+reur/rie 4u 0e )r/e0c 0/=" u0tifice / 4u 4e f!ce5

+re! 5!ri iuii 34 e&e4tu!ee +r*te0te !e Occi1e4tuui De ! !r5i0ti7iu 34c*!ce, Occi1e4tu 0e !f/ 34 1efe40i&/i c'i!r 1!c/ 34tr=* i 3şi &! 0c'i5! t!ctic! 34 f!7! +er1eei 1e fier, t*t 34 1efe40i&/ 0e &! !f! P34/ 34 iu!0*c*teii 1efi4iti&e D!r +34/ !tu4ci, 4*i treuie 0/ 4e 1e0curc/5 0i4)uri Or, 34 !ce!0t/ u+t/ 0ur1/ 1e !+/r!re35+*tri&! ru0if3c/rii, !r5ee 4*!0tre 0u4t +u7i4e şi 0/r!ceAr5! +ri4ci+!/ r/534e, fireşte, i5! D!r circu!7i! !1e&/r!tei i5i r*5;4eşti &! 1e&e4i, 34 0curt ti5+,eHcu0i& *r!/ Puic!7iie &*r 1ifu! * i5/ +*cit/F ! 34ce+ut u4 fe 1e 1i!ect ! Re+uicii M*1*&e4eştiG 5!it3riu, 1e=! 1re+tu u4 4*u ti+ 1e i5/ ru0/ 0i5+ific!t/G 0e &*r +/0tr! u4ee !ti4i05e, 1!r 0e &*r i4tr*1uceter5e4ii te'4ici ruşi, 34 0+eci! eHicu +*itic şi 0*ci! Te!tru, R!1i*, Ci4e5!t*)r!fu &*r c*4triui, 1e!0e5e4e!, ! ru0ific!re! i5ii Ac7iu4e! ! şi 34ce+ut 1e!F ci4e5!t*)r!fu &*rit*r +e4tru c*+ii utiie!/ u44u5/r e4*r5 1e cu&i4te ru0eştiG ! )r/1i4ie 1e c*+ii, *curie f**0e0c teHte ru0eştiG +e tere4urie 0+*rti&e,c*5e4ie 0e 1!u 34 ru0eşte i cu5, 1e! 34 c!0! ! +!tr! +ri5!r/ 4*t! ! i5! ru0/ !re &!*!re! u4ei trei5i 34c!cu!re! 5e1iei )e4er!eG şi cu5, +e 1e !t/ +!rte, c*+iii 0u4t !tr!şi 1eCB!ce!0t/ i5/ +e4tru c/ +r*fe0*rii !u +ri5it 1i0+*i7ii 0/ fie, 1e*c!51!t/, c3t 0e +*!te 1e )e4er*şi cu 4*tee !i5! ru0/ e uş*r 1e 34c'i+uit c*40eci47ee !ce0tei !c7iu4i (1e !ici 34 "$="> !4i. i4)ur! 5!re !+/r!re ! i5ii



* !c/tui!u c/r7ie LeHicu *iş4uit ! &*ririi *r!e 4u 34trece *+t=4*u/ 0ute 1e cu&i4te u +re0iu4e! u4ui 5!ree&e4i5e4t i0t*ric, eHicu *r! r*5;4e0c 0e +*!te 35*)/7i 0!u +*!te 0/r/ci Ci4e&! c!re cu4*!şte 4u5!i i5!r*5;4/ &*rit/ ! *r!ş 4u +*!te 0+u4e c/ ştie 34tr=!1e&/r r*5;4eşte Li5! c*5+et/ 0e !f/ 34 c/r7i, 34 5!rii0criit*ri, 34 +uic!7iie i0t*rici*r, critici*r, 0!&!47i*r, 34 tr!1ucerie 1i4 !ut*rii 0tr/i4i D!c/ c!0icii 0u4te+ur!7i, 5!*rit!te! 0criit*ri*r 5*r7i i4terişi, tr!1ucerie 1i4 !ut*rii *cci1e4t!i 0u0+e41!te, şi 0criit*rii 34 &i!7/0ii7i 0/ 0crie 1u+/ 4*r5!ti&ee 1ui C'işi4e&0i cu priatini şi niepriatini, 347ee)e5 1e ce, 34 !ce!0t/ 0u+re5/

u+t/ 1e !+/r!re 35+*tri&! ru0ific/rii, 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0e )/0eşte 34 0itu!7i! u4ui )!1i!t*r c!re !r fi 0iit 0/c**!re 34 !re4/ cu r!7u 1re+t +!r!i!tIIPe4tru ! 347ee)e !1e&/r!t! 0e54ific!7ie, !0cu40/, ! +*iticii *cu+!4tuui, e 1e0tu 0/ +ri&i5 * '!rt/ et4ic/ !Eur*+ei ce4tr!e şi *rie4t!e I40u! !cee! 1e !ti4it!te 34tr=* 5!re 0!&/ re+rei4t/ 4u 4u5!i * e4i)5/ şi u45ir!c* i0t*ric, ci şi * +re1e0ti4!t/ rei0te47/ 34 c!e! eH+!40iu4ii 5*0c*&ite De !cee! R*5;4i! ! f*0t ce! 1i4uşi ce! 5!i cru4t *&it/ 1i4tre t*!te 7/rie 1e 1i4c** 1e C*rti4! 1e fier //tici! şi r!+i1it!te! cu c!re 0e +r*ce1e!/ ! !4i'i!re! eite*r 0+iritu!e şi ! +!tri5*4iuui cutur! r*5;4e0c 0e eH+ic/ 4u +ri4 1i!ectic!5!rHi0t/, ci +ri4 f!t!it/7ie )e*+*i=tice şi i0t*rice Ru0i! treuie 0/ ic'i1ee, cu *rice +re7 şi 34 ti5+ uti, +ree47! &ie şi !134c 34r/1/ci4!t/ ! Occi1e4tuui !ti4, +e c!re * 0e54ific/, 35+*tri&! tutur*r furtu4i*r i0t*rice,4e!5u, i5! şi cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 34 *cu *r, treuie 0/ i5+r*&iee u4 4e!5 c*rcit, * i5/ ru0e!0c/ +*cit/şi * 0*&r*5cutur/ ti5 cu5 0e 4u5eşte * !0e5e4e! 5!0i&/ *+er!7ie 1e 1e4!7i*4!i!re şi ru0ific!reF 0e4u5eşte re&*u7ie +*+u!r/, +r*)re0i0t/ şi 1e5*cr!tic/ Di4 4e4*r*cire, *rice 4u5e !r +urt!, reut!tee ei 0u4t

t*t !t3t 1e tr!)ice Cu f*r5ue 5!i +u7i4 +rete47i*!0e şi cu 5i*!ce 5ut 5!i re1u0e, +*+*!re 34tre)i !u f*0tşter0e 1e +e f!7! +/534tuuiC/A 1e5!0c! !ce0t +r*ce0 1e ru0ific!re şi ! +r*te0t! 35+*tri&! 0//ticiei cu c!re e0te e 35+i4it 4u 340e!54/ !c/1e! 34 )reşe!! +!tri*ti05uui 0tr35t şi r/u 347ee0 Nu e &*r! 1e ! reu!, 34 5i*cu 0ec*uui ! gg=e! şi34tr=u4 5*5e4t i0t*ric +ri4 eHcee47/ ecu5e4ic şi fe1er!i0t, +*e5icie ire1e4ti0te c!re=şi !&e!u r*0tu !cu5 u4&e!c şi 5!i i4e A +r*te0t! 35+*tri&! ru0ific/rii 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c 340e!54/ ! +r*te0t! 35+*tri&! u4ui 4*u!te4t!t ! iert!te! şi 1e54it!te! *5uui C/ !ce0t 4*u !te4t!t 4u e0te 34t*t1e!u4! t*t !t3t 1e e&i1e4t, 0!u t*t !t3t1e *1i*0, 3' *c'ii *cci1e4t!i*r, 4u e0te 4u5!i &i4! 4*!0tr/ Pri4 fire! ucruri*r, *cci1e4t!ii +refer/ 0/ 4u &!1/,0!u 0/ 4u cre!1/ !0e5e4e! !0!0i4!te 34 5!0/ C341 u4ii 0criit*ri *cci1e4t!i 5!i 341r/4e7i &*r 0/ +r*te0tee35+*tri&! !tr*cit/7i*r 1e c!re 0e f!ce 34c/ &i4*&!t/ u5e! 5*1er4/, ei 4u +ri&e0c c/tre +/r7ie 4*!0treG ei 0ei41i)4e!/ c/, 0+*r!1ic, 4e)rii 0u4t i4ş!7i 34 t!tee :4ite A0e5e4e! !cte 1e 341r/4e!/ 0u4t şi 5!i c*5*1e, şi5!i re5u4er!ti&e

/ eH+ic/5 !ce0t*r *cci1e4t!i c/ +r*ce0u 1e 1e4!7i*4!i!re ! R*5;4iei 4u e0te * c'e0tiu4e *c!/, c!rei4tere0e!/ c3te&! 5ii*!4e 1e &!)i eur*+e4i C/, 1i5+*tri&/, !0e5e4e! !te4t!te ! iert!te!, 1e54it!te! şicre!ti&it!te! u5!4/ c*40tituie * +r*&*c!re ! 34tre)ii c*4ştii47e 5*1e5eG c/ 34cerc!re! 1e ! 0c'i5! * i5/, !340tr/i4! u4 0ufet şi ! 34*cui * cutur/ e0te 5ut 5!i )r!&/ 1ec3t *5! 1e ! @ir*0'i5!G c/ ru0ific!re! e0te *cri5/ 35+*tri&! 0+irituui, +e4tru c/ * !0e5e4e! 0i4icie 0f3rşeşte 34t*t1e!u4! +ri4 ! 0terii! u4 4e!5 34tre),tr!40f*r5341u=" 34tr=u4 'iri1, 34tr=* c*rcitur/ 4e&re14ic/ şi 0er&i/Ru0ific!re! 0i4ic/ ! u4ui +*+*r ec'i&!e!/ cu 5ii*!4e şi 5ii*!4e 1e !te4t!te ! +er0*4!it!te! u5!4/Gec'i&!e!/ cu 1r*ire! şi 1e0c*5+u4ere!, +ri4 ter*!re, ! C!r1i4!uui Mi410e4t, re+et!t/ 1e 5ii*!4e 1e *rii, 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 &!4icu Pre!t 5!)'i!r 0e !f/ f/r/ !+/r!re 34 ceu! 0!, *ric341 ! 1i0+*i7i! c//i*r, t*t!ş! 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0e )/0eşte, 34 34tre)u ui, ! 1i0+*i7i! şefi*r 1e !41/ c!re 3 c*41uc, f/r/ 4ici * !+/r!reşi 4ici u4 0+rii4 1e 4ic/ieri C/ci, !ş! cu5 !r/t!5 34 !rtic*u +rece1e4t, 1i0tru)ere! ii*teci*r, i4tericere!e)/turi*r cutur!e cu Occi1e4tu şi c!5+!4i! 35+*tri&! !ti4it/7ii i5ii r*5;4eşti re1uc, !0t/i, 4e!5ur*5;4e0c ! * +!0i&it!te !r&!r/ c!re, 1!c/ 3i +*t 34c/ +reu4)i eHi0te47! fiic/, 3i !5*r7e0c, cu ti5+u, eHi0te47!

0! 0+iritu!/ E0te 0uficie4t 0/ 0t/5 1e &*r/ cu u4 c*+i 1e "6="< !4i, 0c/+!t 1i4 Q!r/, c! 0/ 347ee)e5 cereut!te +*!te !&e! * e1uc!7ieCS34 c!re i0t*ri! 4e!5uui e0te re1u0/ ! eH!t!re! c3t*r&! 4ecu4*0cu7i şi ! c!*54iere! tutur*r &*ie&*i*r 4*ştri,34 c!re i5! r*5;4/ ebte +ree4t!t/ c! * i5/ 0!&/ şi 5!rii ei +*e7i !u 4u5ee 1e Ii40i, h!t, M!e4*&S,I1r!)i!4 şi Be4iuc, 34 c!re i5! şi iter!tur! fr!4ce/ e&*ue!/ 34 uru ui M!rH, Le4i4, t!i4 şi Ar!)*4, i!rştii47! u4i&er0!/ 34ce+e cu P!&*& şi 0e ter5i4/ cu P*+*& Ce 0e +*!te f!ce +e4tru !+/r!re! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c 1e !ce!0t/ 0terii!re şi 341*it*cire ! ui +ri4 0u0tituire!i5ii, cuturii şi i0t*riei 0!e^ Di4 4efericire, f*!rte +u7i4 D!r, 1u+/ c3te şti5, 4ici 5/c!r !ce0t +u7i4 4=! f*0tf/cut Ci4e&! 1/1u0e i1ee! c! ! +*0turie 1e r!1i* 1i4 Occi1e4t 0/ 0e tr!405it/ i4ic e5i0iu4i +ri&i41 i0t*ri!,i5! şi cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 34 *cu !t3t*r te-te i40i+i1e, 0=!r +ute! reu5! 1i4 4*u 5!4u!ee 1e iceu 1i4!i4te!*cu+!7iei ru0eşti C3t !r +/re! 1e curi*0, Occi1e4tu şi=!r 35+i4i 5!i i4e 5i0iu4e! ui şi şi=!r 5e47i4e 5!i i4e1re+tu ! recu4*şti47! 4*!0tr/ 1!c/, 34 *c 1e ! tr!405ite eHcu0i& ştiri şi c*5e4t!rii 1e0+re +r*+ri! 0! !cti&it!te +*itic/ şi cutur!/, !r !cce+t! r*u 1e tr!405i7/t*r ! u4*r teHte +ri&i41 şi +!tri5*4iu 4*0tru i0t*ric, i4)&i0ticşi 0+iritu! Nu e 4e&*ie 1e +r*+!)!41/ i5+u f!+t 1e ! re!5i4ti !0t/i r*5;4i*r ce ! 340e54!t R*5!, cu5



!u !&ut *c 4/&/irie !r!re şi cu5 0=!u c*40tituit +ri5ee *r)!4i05e +*itice r*5;4eştiG 0!u, ce ! 340e54!t +e4tru Occi1e4t şi +e4tru 4*i 0ec*u ! gDC=e!G 0!u, ! ce reut!te !u !u40 0!&!47ii r*5;4i şi 0tr/i4i +ri&it*r! i5! şi i0t*ri! r*5;4e!0c/G 0!u, c!re e0te !1e&/r!t! fi)ur/ ! ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu, @!01eu, N I*r)!, Oct!&i!4*)!, Li &iu Rere!4u şi ! ce*r!7i 5!ri e+ur!7iG 0i5+u f!+t 1e ! !5i4ti t*!te !ce0te!, 5et*1ic, c!r, !+r*!+eşc*/reşte ec'i&!e!/ cu ce! 5!i fecu41/ +r*+!)!41/ +e c!re Occi1e4tu * +*!te f!ce 1i4c** 1e C*rti4!1e fier

Pe4tru c/, 1e ce !re 34 +ri5u r341 te!5/ *cu+!4tu e0te 1e !1e&/r T*!te !rieree ri1ic!te 34tre *4! ru0e!0c/ şiOcci1e4t 7i4te0c 34 +ri5u r341 0/ *+re!0c/ trecere! !1e&/ruui 34tre!)! 5i0tic/ i5+eri!i0t/ 0*&ietic/ ri0c/ 0/ 0e +r/uşe!0c/ 34 ci+! c341 +*+*!ree 0*&ietice &*r u! 1i4 4*u cu4*şti47/ 1e !1e&/rD!r, 34 !f!r/ 1e !ce!0t/ i4f*r5!re *iecti&/ ! +uicuui r*5;4e0c !0u+r! +r*+riei 0!e i5i, i0t*rii şi cuturi,0i4)ur! 5/0ur/ efic!ce 1e !+/r!re c*4tr! ru0ific/rii * c*40tituie c*4ti4uit!te! !cti&it/7ii cre!t*!re r*5;4eşti +e0te'*t!re Ar/t!5 cu !t +rie c3t e 1e )re! 5i0iu4e! !ce*r c3te&! 0ute 1e i4teectu!i r*5;4i, 34 5!re! *r5!*rit!te ti4eri !i! ieşi7i 1e +e /4cie :4i&er0it/7iiGCOc/ci ei treuie 0/ 35+i4e!0c/, !ici, 34 0tr/i4/t!te, 5u4c! şi cre!7i u4ei 34tre)i eite cutur!e, +!r!i!te 34 te54i7!Q/rii Ai! 5 t3riu 0e &! &e1e! 1!c/ !ceşti i4teectu!i !i e5i)r!7iei r*5;4Y =şi=!u f/cut 1!t*ri! De*c!51!t/, ei0e u+t/, 34 5!re! *r 5!*ri t!te, cu !te +r*e5e 1ec3t !1e&/r!t! şi 0i4)ur! +r*e5/ +e c!r e=! reer&!t=*1e0ti4uG şi c!re eF cre!7i! 1e &!*ri cutur!e C/c 34 f!7! +0eu1*=&!*ri*r cutur!e +r*5*&!te 1e *cu+!4t, 4ueHi0 1ec3t u4 0i4)ur r/0+u40F 345u7ire! !1e&/r!te*r &!*ri cutur! r*5;4eşti Lui Ii40i, h!t, I1r!)i!4 et

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!&e4tur!, 0!u i*)r!fi! 5eritu *r e0te 34 +ri5u r341 1e *r1i4 te'4icG ei !u ştiut 0/=şi reali)e)e 1e0ti4u, !1ic/0/ tr!40f*r5e, 1u+/ f*r5u! i4e cu4*0cut/, u4 *c 1e +i!tr/ i4f*r5 34tr=* 0t!tuiei, cu t*!te !ce0te!, 4*0t!)i! ce! 5!i +r*fu41/ ! *5uui e0te de a crea individual în ordinea vie&ii+ E0te, +*!te,1*ri47! *0cur/ 1e ! 0e !0e5/4! ui Du54eeuG 1!r, 34 *rice c!, e0fe * 1*ri47/ re!/, +e c!re 4i5ic 4u * +*!te1er/1/ci4! 1i4 i4i5! ui T*!t/ 1i!ectic! Ere0uui c! şi t*!te ereiie 4/0cute 1i4 +er&ertire! !ce0tei1i!ectici 3şi )/0eşte +u4ctu 1e 0+rii4 34 0ete! *5uui 1e ! cre!, c! i41i&i1, c! el însuşi, 34 *r1i4e! &ie7iiMir!c*u !ce0t! 3 re!ie!/, 34tr=!1e&/r, Er*0u, 1!r 4u5!i c341 1e+/şeşte 4i&eu i**)ic şi !cti&e!/ 34*r1i4e! 0+irituuiE0te, !5 +ute! 0+u4e, u4 !ct 1e cre!7ie vie 34 *r1i4e! spiritului+ Aş! cu5 şti5 c/ ! cre!t, u4/*!r/, f P!&eLui Tit, !1e&/r!tu 5eu fiu, 1i4 cre1i47! 4*!0tr/ ! !5341*rur! Ypistola c$tre *it, I, <. Te r*) +e ti4e +e4tru c*+iu 5eu, +e c!re ==!5 4/0cut fii41 34 !47uriG te r*) +e4tru O4i0i5 Yp+ c$tre ilimon, "$. Tit, c!şi O4i0i5, 0u4t c*+iii A+*0t*uui P!&e, /5i0i7i şi 4/0cu7i 1e e 1i4 cre1i47! !5341*rur! C*4&ertire! !creşti4i05, re)e4er!re! t*t!/ ! f/+turii u5!4e +ri4 *teu Du'uui f34t şi cu5i4ec/tur! cu tru+u şi 034)ee

M34tuit*ruui e0te !0i5i!t/ 1e A+*0t* u4ei 4*i 4!şteri E&i1e4t, t*!t/ 0i5*ic! !r'!ic/ ! re)e4er/rii 0+iritu!eCA

tmer! f*r5u!t/ 34 ter5e4i 4u+7i!i şi 1e 4!ştereG t*!te 0*ciet/7i0ecrete 1e i4i7iere şi t*!te 5i0teree &*re!u 1e * 4*u/ 4!ştereD!r !ce!0t/ 4*u/ 4!ştere !&e! *c 0u 0e54u )e4er!uuiGi4i7i!tu er! re)e4er!t +ri4tr=* 0e!5/ 1e rituri, eH+erie47e şif*r5ue, c!re 4u=" +ri&e!u 1irectG c!re fu0e0er/ 34!i4te 1e e şic*4ti4u!u 1u+/ eG 4e*fitu er!, 1e u4/ 0e!5/, +re)/tit 1e u40!cer1*t 34!i4te 1e i4i7iere, 1!r !cce4tu 4u c/1e! +e !ce!0t/ +re)/tire c!te'etic/, ci +e ritu i4i7ieriiF 34tre 4e*fit şi 0!cer1*t 4u0e 1ur!u r!+*rturi f!5ii!reG 0!cer1*tu 0e !f! !c** c! u

fu4c7i*4!r, 0!u c! u4 +r*fe0*rG 5i0iu4e! ui er! 0/ eH!5i4ee, 0/i4f*r5ee, 4u 0/ c*4&erte!0c/ Cei c!re &e4e!u ! ei er!u 1e



c*4&i4şi 1e 4ece0it!te! 1e ! 0e re)e4er!G şi re)e4er!re! 4u 0e f/c +ri4c*4&ertire! 4e*fituui 1e c/tre 0!cer1*tG ci +ri4 i4i7iere, !1ie +ri4 eficie47! rituuiCu t*tu !tu e0te c!u creşti4i05uui +r*+*&/1uit 1e A+*0t*u P!&e Acce4tu c!1e !ici +e c*4&ertireG *teu!re *c 1u+/ ce 34 0ufetu c!te'etuui ! )er5i4!t cre1i47! Re)e4er!re! e 35+i4it/, 1e0i)ur, +ri4 t!i4! *teuui,!1ic/, +ri41=u4 ritG 1!r c*4&ertire! +rece1e *teu, şi !ce!0t/ c*4&ertire e0te u4 !ct 1e cre!7ie 0+iritu!/, f/cut

+*0ii +ri4 4u4t! ce*r 1*u/ cre1i47e, c!re, şi e!, +rece1e 4u4t! 5i0tic/ 34tre 0ufetu cre1i4ci*0uui şi !M34tuit*ruuiA+*0t*u P!&e 0e +*!te /u1!, 34tr=!1e&/r, c/ 4!şte 34 c'i+ 5i0tic fii 0ufeteşti C*+iii ui 0u4t 4/0cu7i 1e e, +ri45u4c! ui, +ri4 cre1i47! uiG şi=i +*!te 4u5i c*+ii +e4tru c/ 0u4t 4/0cu7i 1i4 4*u, 0u4t re)e4er!7i t*t!, 0u4t3oameni noi N!ştere! !ce!0t! e 1e *r1i4 5i0tic, +e4tru c/ 4u 0e refer/ ! * cre!7ie 5*rf**)ic/, ci ! u4!0+iritu!/ D!r 4u e 5!i +u7i4 * 4!ştere, * cre!7ie &ieA0e5e4e! cre!7ii &ii 34 *r1i4e! 0+irituui re!ie!/ +!r!1*Hu 1e ! cre! 34 !ce!şi ti5+ 34 &i!7/ şi 34 eter4it!teKiii 0ufeteşti !i f34tuui P!&e 0u4t &ii, şi c3t 0u4t 34 &i!7/, +!rtici+/ ! 1ur!t/G 1!r 5*!rte! *r tru+e!0c/ 4u e!4ue!/ eHi0te47!G fii41 34 !ce!şi ti5+ cre!7i 34 *r1i4e! 0+irituui, ei c*4ti4u/ 0/ eHi0te 34 eter4it!te Nu5!i * !0e5e4e! cre!7ie 341e0tue!/ 4*0t!)i! *5uui 1e ! fi cre!t*r 34 *r1i4e! vie&ii şi t*t*1!t/ 34 eternitate11e ! fi cre!t*r c! individ şi ! cre! t*tuşi viu+ Nici u4ui +/ri4te (cre!t*r 34 *r1i4e! )e4er!/ ! &ie7ii, 34 i5itee0+eciei. şi 4ici u4ui !rti0t (cre!t*r i41i&i1u! 34 *r1i4e! 0+irituui, 1!r cre!t*r 1e valori, 4u 1e via&$2 4u=i e0te 1!t! cu4*!şte fericire! A+*0t*uui P!&e Nu5!i 0fi47ii !u !ce0t +ri&ie)iu 1e ! +ute! cre! 05u)341u=0e

1eter5i4i05uui 0+eciei şi ieşi41 1i4 )e4er!G 1e ! cre! fii &ii, 1eşi 34 *r1i4e!FB0+irituuiG !1ic/, 1e !=i &e1e! ucur341u=0e 1e &i!7/, 1e iert!te, tr/i41 34 1ur!t! şi ! şti t*t*1!t/ c/ ei, 34truc3t0u4t cre!7i, !1ic/ 0u4t fii 0ufeteşti, &*r tr/i 34 eter4it!te Nu5!i 0fi47i*r i 0e 34)/1uie !ce!0t/ fericire 1e ! +ute! cre! 34 !ce!şi ti5+ în via&$ şi în eternitate, 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e40, 4u5!i ei !u ur5!şi !/turi 1e A1!5Yîndreptar, 1ece5rie "#>$.

IME*'JILI*'*' @RML@R34 &re5e! !cee!, +r*fe7eşte I0!i! (II, -=#., u+u &! 0t! !*!t/ cu 5ieu şi e*+!r1u 0e &! cuc! 34)/ ie1G&i7eu şi +uiu 1e eu &*r +etrece 35+reu4/ şi u4 c*+i 3i &! 534! Ju4ice! &! 5er)e ! +/0cut 35+reu4/ cuur0*!ic! şi +uii *r &*r 0//şui ! u4 *c, i!r/ eu, c! şi *u, &! 534c! +!ieG +ru4cu 1e 737/ 0e &! uc! 34)/cucuşu &i+erei şi 34 &iui4! ş!r+eui *tr/&it*r c*+iu 347/rc!t 3şi &! 34ti41e 534! C341 0e &*r 34t35+! t*!te!ce0te!^ In illo tempore, 34 &re5e! !cee!G !1ic/ ! 35+i4ire! ti5+uui, c341 &! !&e! *c re)e4er!re! u4i&er0!/G +e4tru c/, !tu4ci, t*t +/534tu &! fi +i4 1e cu4*şti47! D*54uui, +recu5 !+ee !c*+er/ fu41u 5/rii 0Isaia, II,

#G &ei şi ->,2>.Ace0t 5*5e4t c*05ic 1e t*t!/ 34fr/7ire şi fu41!5e4t!/ re)e4er!re e0te u4 eit=5*ti& ! 0+ecu!7iei *rie4t!e, şi +e e 3 &e0teşte şi Virgil 34 f!i5*!0! gloga a IV.a, c341F magnus ab integro saeculorum nascitur ordo, c341 &!re4!şte 34 i4te)rit!te! 0! 5!ree *r1i4 ! 0ec*e*r, !1ic/ M!ree A4, u4 4*u cicu c*05ic, re=34ce+341 +re!fericit! &3r0t; 1e !ur (!c toto surget gens aurea mundo2+ I4tre 5utee 0e54e !e !ce0tei re)e4er/ri c*05ice,Vir)i 4u uit! 0/ 4*tee c/ nec magnos metuent armenta leones, tur5ee 1e *i 4u 0e &*r 5!i te5e 1e eii cei5!ri A1ic/F 0+eciie !4i5!e 3şi &*r +ier1e 0tructurie *r !ctu!e, i40ti4ctee 0!u 1e0ti4ee c!r4!0iere &*r fi!*iteG t*tu &! fi +urific!t, +e4tru c/ t*tu &! re34ce+eG 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e40, Cre!7i! 0e re)e4ere!/ e0e47i!,!1ic/ 0e re+et/ !ctu cre!7ieiA5 !r/t!t 34tr=!t/ +!rte (Le Myt"e de l:%temel retour, "#<#., c/ 5*ti&ee !ce0te! 0e 34c!1re!/ 34tr=* c*4ce+7ie!r'!ic/ !+r*!+e u4i&er0!/, ! re)e4er/rii +eri*1ice ! Cre!7iei şi ! !*irii i0t*riei +ri4 re+et!re! !ctuuic*05*)*4ic Nu !0u+r! !ce0tei +re! i5+*r=F/

1eci 0+eciie 0u4t i5ut!ie 0fi4&i 5 t*t c!r4!0ieri J/ YS e c'i!r +e4tru Du5 Y r/53 c!r4!0iereetreui!u 0/ 5t5ccT 0/ cutr 4: V! t! Vre*1!t/ *!t/ cu i b[ b cuc!t, 5ci 4u 0e &! cuc! &re*1!t/ S^b,= ":CI *P!4bb 4u 0=!0u4t ele Hdeie, !ce [ 1

0b i4 u5e 5 5/0ur! c! şi +e4tru 34tre!)! )341ire 0+!0tic/ ^Y^ Pe4tru f = C cu 4ece0ite !ş! cu5 0u4t f*r5ee Y 0tructurie 0u4t666mm6696f6m u4ei !0e5e4e! c!rte! ui 't"enes et Qrvsatrn%*, f _4 6T ! f/cut*4 cc ! +utut, +ri4 !15ir!i E c/ f= Kr!4 r! c!r4!0ier/ ! r!terG ecf Cret4/ / C'i5 Y iuire! *5uui (iuire 5i0U I:*, ,ui bS0i YY, 0tructur! u4e` 5e5e0., c'i!r *5u, YK*!rte !+r*!+e 1e 0fT fttti c*4ce+7iei fi'tuui T*5! 0e 04,^ 3 `C şi cu t*u *+:0; c!re f*r5ee, +ri40i5+uTf*+c/Y % SYY P*!te 1e&e4i f g YbYY Y JY*&i=Liertete! !0*ut/ 4u e0te 4u5!i * T5i0tic/ !b 4!)e +*054it!te 34)/1uit/ *5uiui i Z^ Y 1i&i4itY7ii, ciT* 5!)ici!4 i41i!4, l6par6sc6 * H SP*!te uc! 34); &iui! &i+eref=" f 8Y e1 >Y Pru4cu 0e !c u!Ie !\e Cre!9ie reH +e4t4, c/ 4ici :4! 1i4 ef*41, 5c, * f*r5/ 4u e real$ : C 1ef4it&/= Pe4tru c/ 34

69e6tea CS ! 0!crific!



../rîa0ind+1 2tr 3era

Y@ Pe4tru 2 ^ a2T ! e)$_r U ! f**T ec!tF6 YYYY =b e!*r!t * !t3t 1e r!fi4!t/ 3ffi>Y 6 !*i5ce 4u5!i +e4tru72

c/ 4u &*i! 0/ re4u47e ! iert!te A +refer!t 0/ !fir5e c/ Lu5e! e iuie 4u5!i +e4tru ! 4u fi 4e&*it/ 0/!cce+te re!it!te! şi i5ut!iit!te! f*r5e*rG 0/ !cce+te, u4/*!r/, c/ u4 c!r4!0ier nu poate fi 1ec3t u4 c!r4!0ier,şi !ş! va trebui s$ fie 34 eter4it!te0îndreptar, i!4u!rie "#>".

PR@JLM !EL*ER R@MQ#'%! Cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/, 1e ! 34ce+uturie ei +34/ ! *cu+!re! 9!rii 1e c/tre tru+ee ru0eşti, ! f*0t 1*5i4!t/1e te40iu4e! 34tre 1*u/ i1e**)ii c*4tr!1ict*rii, eH+re0ii ! 1*u/ *rie4t/ri 0+iritu!e *+u0eF 5*1er4i05u şitr!1i7i*4!i05u E&i1e4t, f*r5u! !ce!0t! 0i5+ific/ eHce0i& * i0t*rie cutur!/ ! c/rei, c*4 7i4ut e 5ut 5!ic*5+eHG 1!r cu5 4u 0crie5 * c!rte, ci u4 !rtic*, 4e 5u7u5i5 cu !0e5e4e! c!0ific/ri ee5e4t!re Cetit*ruc/rui! i 0e !1re0e!/ r341urie 1e f!7/ ştie 1e0+re ce e0te &*r! tie, u4/*!r/, c/ ter5e4u 1e tr!1i7i*4!i05!c*+er/ t*!te !cee +re1i0+*i7ii, te41i47e şi 1*ctri4e 4!7i*4!i0te, +*+*r!4i0te, !4ti=*cci1e4t!i!4te, 0!u !4ti=5*1er4i0teG +e c!re e=!u 5/rturi0it !t3t * u4/ +!rte 1i4 0criit*rii, )341it*rii şi c/rtur!rii 4*ştri (1eY ! E5i4e0cu! N I*r)! şi N!e I*4e0cu., c3t şi u4ee şc*i iter!re 1e&e4ite cure4te 1e *+i4ie +uic/ (0/5/4/t*ri05u,)341iri05u. M*1er4i05u 34)*!, 1i5+*tri&/, t*!te 5!4ife0t/rie u4ei i1e**)ii şi u4ei +*itici c!re ur5/re!re+e1e! i4te)r!re ! t34/ruui 0t!t r*5;4e0c 34 c!te)*ri! 0t!te*r Eur*+ei *cci1e4t!e e +r*5*&!u, +e 1e * +!rte,i41u0tri!i05u şi &!*rie ci&ii!7iei ur!4e, i!r +e 1e !t/ +!rte 0e ur5/re! 0i4cr*4i!re! cre!7ii*r cutur!er*5;4eşti 34 c*4f*r5it!te cu 5et*1ee *r *cci1e4t!eG cee! ce +re0u+u4e!, e&i1e4t, critic! &!*ri*r tr!1i7i*4!e,1eci, 34tr=u4 cu&34t, i41ifere4ti05u rei)i*0, +*iti&i05u 0!u ececti05u 34 fi**fie, re!i05u cit!1i4 şi !4ti=f*c*ri05u 34 !rt/ etc Nu e *cu 0/ !r/t/5 c3t 1e i5+*rt!4t/ şi c3t 1e fecu41/ ! f*0t !ce!0t/ te40iu4e c*4tr!1ict*rie +e4tru cutur! şici&ii!7i! r*5;4/ 5*1er4/G c3t 1e 5ut ! c*4triuit e! +e4tru c! 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0/ !u4)/ ! c*4ştii47!1e0ti4uui 0/u i0t*ric A5ee cure4te, 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re eH+ri5!u 0e40iiit/7i !ute4tice şi e4er)ii 0ufeteştire!e, !u f*0t cre!t*!re Au eHi0t!t, e&i1e4t, şi 1e * +!rte şi 1eFO

ce!!t/, eH!)er/ri c*+i/reşti, +*e5ici 0terie şi, 5!i !e0, !1eiu4i c*4f*r5i0te 0!u 0u+r!icit/ri 1e *+*rtu4i05D!r, +ri&ite 1e ! * !4u5it/ 1e+/rt!re, !0e5e4e! eH!)er/ri şi !er!7ii 3şi +ier1 i5+*rt!47! +e c!re u4e*ri e=!u!c*r1!t=* c*4te5+*r!4ii Nu r/534 1ec3t cre!7iie ce*r 1*u/ cure4te +*tri&4iceG i!r cre!7iie !ce0t*r! 0u4t4e4u5/r!te şi te5ei4ice D!c/ 1!t*r/5 te41i47ei tr!1i7i*4!i0te c!5 t*t ce e 5!i u4 34 iter!tur! şi )341ire!r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/ (cu c3te&! eHce+7ii, u4ee 1e +ri5 r!4)F O1*e0cu, C!r!)i!e, O&i1 De40u0i!4u, Eu)e4L*&i4e0cu, C!5i Petre0cu., 4u treuie 0/ uit/5 c/ t!tu r*5;4e0c 5*1er4, cu t*t ce ! fu41!t e 0*i1 şi ci40tit(şi ! fu41!t 1e0tue ucruri +e c!re e c!5 trece5 cu &e1ere!, şi 341e*0ei ci&ii!7i! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/,*r)!4i!7i! !cti&it/7i*r ştii47ifice şi u4i&er0it!re etc., t!tu !ce0t! r*5;4e0c e0te 34 u4/ +!rte cre!7i! cure4tuui!ş!=i0 5*1er4i0t şi *cci1e4t!i!4tA5ee cure4te 3şi !u, 1e !tfe, +u4ctu 1e +ec!re 34tr=* i4ter+ret!re 1e*0eit/ şi, e&i1e4t, te41e47i*!0/ !c*4ce+tuui 1e istorie+ Tr!1i7i*4!iştii *0er&!u c/ i0t*ri! 4e=! f/cut !ş! cu5 0u4te5, şi 4u !tfeF * c*&3rşit*!re5!*rit!te 1e 7/r!4i c/c!şi, i!r 4u fer5ieri, *r/şe4i, ucr/t*ri, c! 34 Occi1e4tu i41u0tri!i!tG creşti4i *rt*1*cşi,i!r 4u r*5!4*=c!t*ici 0!u +r*te0t!47i, c! 34 Occi1e4tG cu 1!ti4i *rie4t!*=i!4ti4e, i!r 4u 5e1iter!4ee4e, cetice

0!u )er5!4ice, c! 34 Occi1e4t etc A fi r*5;4 340e54!, 1eci, +e4tru tr!1i7i*4!işti, ! c*4ti4u! 0/ fi5 aşa cumam fost +34/ ! iru5+ere! &i*e4t/ ! i4fue47e*r *cci1e4t!e D!c/ 4e 0c'i5/5, 1!c/ 4e 5*1er4i/5, 4e +ier1e5 fii47! 4*!0tr/ !ute4tic/, +/5/1it/ 34 u4)i 0ec*e 1e i0t*rie r*5;4e!0c/, şi 1e&e4i5 'iriiG !1ic/,0+iritu!iceşte 0teriiDi5+*tri&/, re+ic!u 5*1er4iştii, c'i!r istoria 4e 341e!54/ 0/ 4e *cci1e4t!i/5F i0t*ri! ce! &ie, ce! c!re 0ef!ce acum 0u *c'ii 4*ştri, i!r 4u i0t*ri! 5*!rt/, trecutul 4*0tru i0t*ric, 1e+/şit +ri4 i4te)r!re! 4*!0tr/ 34circuitu +*itic şi 0+iritu! ! Eur*+ei *cci1e4t!e I0t*ri! ! f/cut c! u5e! 5*1er4/ 0/ 0e i41u0tri!iee, 0/ 0e +r*et!riee tre+t!t, 0/ fructifice 34 c*4cret i5e40ee +r*)re0e *7i4ute 1e ştii47! 0ec*uui ! gh=e!, şi t*ti0t*ri! ! f/cut c! 4*i 0/ fi5 i4te)r!7i 34 !ce!0t/ u5e 5*1er4/ Nu 5!i +ute5 1! 34!+*i, 4u 4e 5!i +ute534t*!rce 34 trecut+ 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re &re5 0/ 1*341i5 * eHi0te47/ i0t*ric/ i!r 4u u4! f!4t*5!tic/ 34 5!r)i4e!i0t*riei treuie 0/ 4e re!1!+t/5 4*i*r 35+reur/ri 34 c!re 4e !f/5, c'i!r 1!c/ !r treui 0/ 0!crific/5 * 0e!5/F;1i4 *iceiurie şi tr!1i7iie 4*!0tre +*+u!re, c!re, !0t/i, 4i 0e +!r 0i4)uree !ute4tice At5i4teri, ri0c/5 0/ 4e

f*0ii/5, +r*&i4ci!=i341u=4e, şi 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, +ieri5 Ne=!r treui 5ute +!)i4i +e4tru ! cercet! cu5 0e cu&i4e fiec!re 1i4 !ce0te tee / re5!rc/5, 1e*c!51!t/,i5+*rt!47! +e c!re şi u4! şi !t! * !c*r1/ istoriei+ Cu 5ut 34!i4te c! i0t*ri! 0/ 1e&i4/ +r*e5! c!+it!/ !



0+ecu!7iei fi**fice *cci1e4t!e !1ic/F 34!i4te 1e Dit'e, Cr*ce, @ei1e))er, Orte)!, !rtre )341it*rii,0criit*rii şi c/rtur!rii r*5;4i, 1e ! E5i4e0cu 34c*!ce, !u f*0t fr/534t!7i 1e !ce!0t/ 34tre;re=c'eieF cu5 4e +ute5 0!&!, ca neam, +ri4 i0t*ri! 4*!0tr/G cu5 1e0uşi5 ce=! f*0t destin şi ce ! f*0t 0i5+/ întimplare(4e/)!re 1e 0e!5/. 34 trecutu 4*0tru^ Cu !te cu&i4te, !t3t tr!1i7i*4!iştii c3t şi 5*1er4iştii +*r4e!u, 340+ecu!7iie *r, 1e ! re!it!te! i0t*ric/ ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, i!r 4u 1e ! * !0tr!c7iu4e *!rec!re, u4/*!r/F*5u 34 )e4er! L/0341 ! * +!rte eH!)er/rie 1e c!re +*5e4e!5 5!i 0u0, c'i!r !cei 1i4tre 5*1er4işti c!re

&*i!u cu *rice +re7 f*r5! 4*u/ 34!i4te c! 0/ fi !+/rut f*41u, t*t 1e ! c*4cretu i0t*ric +*r4e!uF ei 7i4e!u0e!5! 1e pre)ent, 1e 5*5e4tu i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4, şi 1*re!u 0/=" tr/i!0c/ 34 t*!t/ +e4itu1i4e! ui Au 5!i f*0t5*1er4işti c!re !u re4*&!t c! 0/ +*!t/ re)/0i 0tr!turi 5!i &ec'i, şi, 1eci, 5!i !ute4tice !e trecutuui 4*0trucutur! :4ire! rei)i*!0/ cu R*5!, 1e ! "%$$, ! 34cerc!t 0/ rei4te)ree, +e0te !u&iu4ie !1u0e 1e 0!&i,creşti4i05u 1e i5/ şi 0tructur/ !ti4/ ! 1!c*=r*5!4i*r c*!! !ti4i0t/, cu t*!t/ !+!re4t! ei !rtifici!it!te, ! +ec!t 1e ! u4 f!+t i0t*ric +reci0F c/, +ri4 destin, 4*i, r*5;4ii, +!rtici+/5 ! !ti4it!te, şi c/ 4u5!i +ri4întimplare 4e=!5 /0!t !4tre4!7i 34 *rit! u4*r 0+iritu!it/7i 4er*5!4ice C341 O&i1 De40u0i!4u +r*5*&!,35+*tri&! 0/5/4/t*ri05uui, +*ei! 5*1er4i0t/, !&e! c*4ştii47! c/, i41irect, !ut! cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 0/=şire)/0e!0c/ !1e&/r!t! ei 5!tc/ i 5!tc! !ce!0t! er! r*5!4ic/, !ş! cu5 !r/t!, u4/*!r/, +*ei! 4*!0tr/ +*+u!r/,!t3t 1e !+r*+i!t/ 1e ce! +*rtu)'e/, 0+!4i*/, +r*&e40!/ 0!u it!i!4/ Pe u4/ 1re+t!te !r/t! O&i1 De40u0i!4u c/u4ii 0criit*ri tr!1i7i*4!işti 0e /0!u +/c/i7i 1e f!r5ecu !+r*Hi5!ti& ! u4ui eHic +0eu1*=+*+u!r c!re 4u4u5!i c/ er! 0tr/i4, 1!r er! şi re!ti& rece4t, fii41 !c/tuit 1i4 turci05e, ru0i05e şi ee5e4te 4e*=)receştii4tr*1u0e 34 i5/ 1u+/ 0ec*u ! gVII=e!

A0t/i 4e )/0i5 34tr=* 0itu!7ie i0t*ric/ 4*u/ u5!r, e! 0=!r +ute! f*r5u! !0tfeF ". +e 1e * +!rte, *cu+!re! 7/rii,cu t*t ce !F<340e54!t e! +e4tru 4e!5u şi cutur! r*5;4e!0c/, ! cre!t şi * c*4fuie 1e +!4uri şi +*i7u0+iritu!eF+r*)re0i05u 1i4 RPR e !4ti=eur*+e!4G tr!1i7i*4!i05u, 1i5+*tri&/, 1e&i4e +r*=*cci=1e4t!G 2. +e 1e !t/ +!rte, +e +!4 5*41i!, Eur*+! e0te, +*iticeşte, 34 1eci4, i!r 0+iritu!iceşte 0e !f/ 34tr=* cri/ 1e +r*fu4i5e,c!re 34c/ 4u şi=! !r/t!t t*!te c*40eci47ee şi +e c!re !5 +ute!=* 4u5i cri! 1e+/şirii +r*&i4ci!i05uui*cci1e4t! / 4e *+ri5 * ci+/ !0u+r! !ce0tui fe4*5e4 0+iritu! (V*5 &e1e! 341!t/ ce re+ercu0iu4i !r +ute!!&e! e !0u+r! cuturii r*5;4eşti 1e 53i4e.Pier341u=şi +*i7i! 1*5i4!4t/ 34 u5e (+e c!re * !&u0e0e, 4et/)/1uit/, +34/ 34 "#"<, 1!r +e c!re 0e 0ii0e 0/cre!1/ c/ * 5!i !re, 34c/, +34/ 34 "#6#., Eur*+! *cci1e4t!/ 0e &e1e !0t/i 34t35+i4!t/ 1e trei 5!ri f*r7e +*iticeşi cutur!eF Ru0i!, A5eric! şi u5e! A0i!tic/ Oric!re !r fi 1e0ti4u *r +*itic, Ru0i! şi A5eric! 1e+i41, 34c/,0+iritu!iceşte 1e Occi1e4tG +e +!4 0+iritu!, 1eci, 4u !&e5 4i5ic 1e 34&/7!t 4ici 1e ! *&iete, 4ici 1e ! t!tee

:4iteG şi 34tr=* +!rte, şi 34 ce!!t/, u4 eur*+e!4 &! i1e4tific!, f/r/ ef*rt, tr!1i7iie şi &!*rie 1e0c*+erite şi1e0/&3rşite 1e Occi1e4t Cu t*tu !t! e0te 0itu!7i! f!7/ 1e u5e! !0i!tic/, şi, 34 )e4er!, f!7/ 1e 0*ciet/7ie !r'!ice34 cur0 1e i4te)r!re, !0t/i, 34 circuitu i0t*riei u4i&er0!e A0i! rei4tr/ 34 i0t*rie T*t*1!t/, 4*i ti+uri 1e 0+iri=tu!it!te 3şi f!c !+!ri7i! 34 *ri*4tu i0t*riei A0t! 340e!54/ c/ 53i4e, +*i53i4e, 4u 4e &! 5!i fi 34)/1uit 0/ 0crie5i0t*ri! fi**fiei 34)r/1i41=* 34tre T!e0 şi @ei1e))er, u4/*!r/G 4ici i0t*ri! !rtei 1e ! E)i+tu f!r!*4ic !cui05G 4ici I0t*ri! +ur şi 0i5+u, 34ce+341 cu ci&ii!7iie +!e*=*rie4t!e şi 0f3rşi41 cu +!ce! 1e ! Ver0!ie0,4e)i341, !1ic/, u5e! ce4tr!=!0i!tic/ şi eHtre5=*rie4=t!/, u5e! !fric!4/, 0u1=!0i!tic/ şi *ce!4i!4/ At5i4teri,!5 ri0c! 0/ !u4ec/5 34 !ce +r*&i4ci!i05 ! M!ri*r Cuturi c!re, +34/ ! ur5/, 3şi &! 1*&e1i 0teriit!te! şii4utiit!te! +iritu!it!te! eur*+e!4/ 1e0c*+er/, !0t/i, c/ +r*+ri! ei i0t*rie rece4t/ (!1ic/, 1e ! *cr!te 34c*!ce.4=! e+ui!t t*!te +*i7iie c!re 0u4t 1!te *5uui 34 :4i&er0G c/, 1i5+*tri&/, 5!rie 0!e 1e0c*+eriri !u f*0t1*341ite cu 0!crific!re! u4*r 5*1uri 1e ! fi, 34tru 4i5ic i4feri*!re 5*1uui 1e ! fi ! *5uui 0*cr!tic 0!u'e)ei!4 e 1e0c*+er/, !0t/i, 4u 4u5!i * 0e40iiit!te !rti0tic/ şi * eH+erie47/ rei)i*!0/ eH*tic/, ci şi *5et!fiic/, * *)ic/, * etic/, * te**)ie eHtr!=*cci1e4t!/ 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re 0e &*r 0+!r)e ti+!ree

+r*&i4ci!i05uui eur*+e!4 şi 0e &! 34cerc! * )'icire ! !1e&/r!tei ecu5e4icit/7i 1e 53i4e, &*5 fiFC BBBBHBBBBHB

0ii7i 0/ cu4*!şte5 şi 0/ 347ee)e5 t*!te !ce0te 5*1uri 1e ! fi, !r'!ice Lucr!re! !ce!0t! &! c*4fi0c!, +r*!i,ef*rturie 5!i 5ut*r )e4er!7ii 1e )341it*ri şi cercet/t*ri De reut!tee ei 1e+i41 34 u4/ +!rte re344*ire! şi0+*rire! 0+iritu!it/7ii eur*+e4e Nu &*5 !4!i! !ici t*!te re&iuirie c!re 1ecur) 1i4 !ce!0t/ !5e7it*!re /r)ire !*ri*4tuui 0+iritu! Ne 5u7u5i5 1*!r 0/ 4e 34tre/5 ce ur5/ri &! !&e! e! !0u+r! cuturii r*5;4eşti 1e 53i4eOric!re !r fi c*40eci47ee et4ice, 0*ci!e, ec*4*5ice şi +*itice !e *cu+!7iei ru0eşti (&*i5 0/ 0+u4e5F *ric3t !r fiee 1e )r!&e., +e +!4 cutur! !ce0te c*40eci47e &*r fi 4ue (4u &*ri5, 0e 347ee)e, 1e 1i0tru)erie u4uri*r4*!0tre cutur!eF tr!)e1i! !ce!0t! c*40tituie * !t/ +r*e5/. Cu4*!şte5 t*7i ter*!re! şi 0e40u 1ict!turii0*&ietice +e t/r35 0+iritu!G i4uti 0/ 5!i re+et/5, 1eci, ce &*r 0/ 0u+ri5e ruşii şi ce &*r 0/ +u4/ 34 *c Atce&!4e i4tere0e!/F ce 0e &! 34t35+! 34 R*5;4i! ier/ 1e 53i4e^ 34tr=* f*r5u/ 0i5+i0t/, !5 +ute! 0+u4e c/Occi1e4tu 1e0c*+er/ şi 0e 0ieşte 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e 5*1urie 1e ! fi !e *5uui 4*4=r!7i*4!i0t, !e *5uui c!retr/ieşte, 34c/, 34 c!te)*riie 5ituui şi utiie!/, 34c/, *)ic! 0i5*uui Ace0te 5*1uri 1e ! fi 0e 34t34e0c 340*ciet/7ie 1i4 A0i!, Afric!, Oce!4i! Cee! ce e 5!i i4tere0!4t +e4tru 4*iF u4 5*1 0i5i!r 1e ! fi e0te 34c/ &!!i



+e4tru 5!*rit!te! +*+u!7iei 7/r/4eşti 1i4 Eur*+! *rie4t!/, şi 341e*0ei +e4tru 4*i, r*5;4ii Di5e40iu4ie5ituui şi !e 0i5*uui 0u4t 34c/ &ii 34 +/turie 7/r/4eşti 1i4 R/0/ritu Eur*+eiAici 0u4te5 4e&*i7i 0/ 1e0c'i1e5 * +!r!4te/ C341 0+u4e5 c/ u4 !4u5it 5*1 1e ! fi şi * !4u5it/ 0+iritu!it!te!r'!ic/ eHi0t/ 34c/ 34 Orie4tu eur*+e!4, 4u 340e!54/ c/ eHcu1e5 !ce!0t/ +!rte ! Eur*+ei 1i4 tr!1i7i! 0+iritu!/! 34tre)uui c*4ti4e4t Cu5 !5 !r/t!t 34tr=u4 !t !rtic* (,JLEur*+e 0!40 Ie0 ri1e!uH, 34 re&i0t! !omprendre, III,"#>"., 4ici * +er1e! 1e fier 4u 1e0+!rte 0+iritu!it!te! eur*+e!4/ 34 *curi *+u0e şi c*4tr!1ict*rii At3t

R/0/ritu c3t şi A+u0u Eur*+ei +!rtici+/ ! !cee!şi tr!1i7ie *rie4t!/, 5e1iter!4ee!4/ şi !ti4/ D!c/ eHi0t/1e*0eiri 34tre Orie4tu şi Occi1e4tu eur*+e!4, eHi0t/ şi 34tre N*r1u şi u1u c*4ti4e4tuui, eHi0t/ c'i!r 34trefeuritee re)iu4i 0!u cuturi !e N*r1uui, !e u1uui, !e A+u0uui Deci, c*40t!t341 c/ Orie4tu Eur*+ei ! +/0=tr!t * tr!1i7ie 0+iritu!/ 0ti40/ 34 Occi1e4t, 4u f!ce5 !tce&! 1ec3t 0/ c*40t!t/5 c/ 35+i4ire! *5uui r!7i*4!i0t0=! 1*341it, 34 Occi1e4t, +ri4 0!crific!re! u4ei !4u5ite 0+iritu!it/7i +*+u!re şi !r'!ice, c!re ! 0u+r!&ie7uit 34Orie4tu Eur*+ei D!c/, !0t/i,FF 5itu şi 0i5*u (c! 0/ 0i5+ific/5 ucrurie ! eHce0., c!re 0u+r!&ie7uie0c !tft 34 +/turie +*+u!re !e Eur*+eir/0/rite4e c3t şi 34 cuturie !r'!ice eHtr!=eur*+e4e, i4tere0e!/ !t3t 1e 5ut eitee Occi1e4tuui, 4u 340e!54/ c/!ce0t! 4u e=! !&ut 4ici*1!t/F e=! !&ut 34t*c5!i c! şi 4*i, 1!r e=! +ier1ut +ri4 340eşi ef*rturie 1e r!fi*4!i!rec!re !u cre!t +r*)re0u şi, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, !u +u0 !ee 0*ciet/7i *cci1e4t!e 1e !0t/i 34tr=u4 cu&34t,i0t*ri! ! c*41u0 Occi1e4tu ! 0!crific!re! u4ei 0+iritu!it/7i !r'!ice şi +*+u!re +e c!re t*t i0t*ri! ! +/0tr!t=*34 Orie4tu eur*+e!4, şi 34 re0tu u5ii, I!r !0t/i, c341 Occi1e4tu e 0iit 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e t*t ce nu este el şi e

0iit 0/ f!c/ !0tfe c! 0/ 4u 0e +r*&i'ci!i=ee )/0eşte * tr!1i7ie 0+iritu!/ !r'!ic/ 4u 4u5!i 34 A0i! M!*r/, cişi ! 4*i, 34 R/0/ritu Eur*+ei Mitul şi simbolul 0u4t, ! 4*i c! şi 34 Orie4t 0!u 34 P!cific, ucruri &ii Occi1e4tu e 0iit 0/ Ie c!ute 34 trecutu ui0+iritu! 0!u 34 tr!1i7iie eH*tice, 1!r 34 4ici u4 c! 4u e 5!i )/0eşte 34 +r*+ri! *r 0u0t!47/ de ast$)i+ EHi0t/, i4e347ee0, 0tr!turi +*+u!re şi 34 Occi1e4t, 1!r cu&34tu *r 4u 0=! 5!i !uit 1e 5ut 34 *rice c!, 0+iritu!it!te!!ce0t*r 0tr!turi +*+u!re 4=! 5!i +utut +/tru41e +34/ 34 cee 5!i 34!te 0fere !e cuturii, !ş! cu5 0e 34f35+/, u4/*!r/, ! 4*iDe0+re t*!te !ce0te! 0u4t f*!rte 5ute 1e 0+u0 Ne &*5 5u7u5i, 1e*c!51!t/, 0/ 0c'i7/5 cu5 0e 34f/7işe!/, 34 +er0+ecti&! criei 1e0c'i0e 0+iritu!it/7ii eur*+e4e, cee 1*u/ te41i47e 1i4 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/, 1e c!re&*re!5 ! 34ce+utu !ce0tui !rtic*34 !+!re47/, 1re+t!te! t*!t/ +!re ! fi !&ut=* tr!1i7i*4!i05u C/ci e cere! c! 0/ r/534e5 !ş! cu5 !5 f*0tf/cu7i şi 0/ cre/5 eHcu0i& +e +!4u 0+ecificuui r*5;4e0c, !1ic/, 34tr=u4 cu&34t, 0/ c*4ti4u/5 cre!7i!f*c*ric/ D!r !ce!0t/ c*4ti4uit!te 0=! 1*&e1it ! fi, 34 f!+t, iu*rieF cre!7i! f*c*ric/ 3şi !re e)ie ei, c!re 4u +*t

fi şi e)ie cre!7ii*r i41i&i1u!eG i!r cutur! 5*1er4/ 0e 34te5ei!/ +e cre!7ii i41i&i1u!e M*1er4iştii !&e!u1re+t!te +u4341 34 e&i1e47/ !ce!0t/ i4c*5+!tiiit!te Ei !&e!u 1e !0e5e4e! 1re+t!te !fir5341 c/ R*5;4i! ce!4*u/ treuie 0/ creee &!*ri u4i&er0!e, i!r 4u &!*ri *c!e, +r*&i4ci!e 0!u c'i!r +!r*'i!e e 34şe!u, 340/,c341 cre1e!u c/ u4i&er0!i05u 0e 34&!7/ 4u5!i ! şc*!! Occi1e4tuui 5*1er4G u4i&er0!i05u !ute4tic(D!4te, '!e0+e!re, Cer&!4te0 etc. +e!c/ 34t*t1e!u4! 1e ! u4 0+ecific 4!7i*4! (şi c'i!r +!r*'i!., !13'citşi tr!40fi)ur!t +ri4 cre!7i! )e4iuui 34tr=* &!*!re u4i&er0!=u5!4/ Aici, i!r/şi !&e!u 1re+t!te tr!1i7i*4!iştiiFI5+*rt!4t/, şi 0!&!t*!re, ! f*0t, 1e * +!rte şi 1e !t!, iuire! +e4tru i0t*rie A0t! 3i +/0tr!, şi +e u4ii şi +e !7ii,!+r*!+e 1e c*4cretu i0t*ricF u4ii )/0e!u !ce0t c*4cret în prelungirea trecutului 0u *c'ii *r, !7ii 34 )er5e4ii

pre)entului+ A5 &/ut, 340/, +e ce c!e 0e 341re!+t/ i0t*ri! 1e !iF ieşire! 1i4 +r*&i4ci!i05u *cci1e4t! şi5!rie 34t34iri cu 0+iritu!it/7ie eHtr!=eur*+e4e E0te f*!rte +r*!i c/, !cu5, 0*!rt! 4u 4e &! 5!i fi +*tri&4ic/F +e4tru 5!re! 34t34ire 1e 53i4e, cre!t*rii r*5;4i 0u4t 5ut 5!i i4e +re)/ti7i 1ec3t fr!7ii *r 1i4 Occi1e4tuc!rtei!4, i1e!i0t 0!u +*iti&i0t Ei ştiu 1e !c!0/, 1i4 0!tu *r, 0!u 5/c!r 1i4 +*e7ii *r, cee! ce 5!rii )341it*ri şi

c/rtur!ri !+u0e4i &*r treui 0/ 34&e7e 1i4 c/r7i 0!u 0/ !fe 1i4 )ur! i4ter*cut*ri*r *r 1i4 A0i!, 1i4 Afric! 0!u 1i4Oce!4i!Yîndreptar, 5!rtie "#>".!N# @MEL R' !R'*@RA&e7i cre1i47/ 34 Du54eeu A1e&/r )r/ie0c &*u/ c/ *rici4e &! ice !ce0tui 5u4teF ri1ic/=te şi te !ru4c/ 345!re, şi 4u 0e &! 341*i 34 i4i5! Iui, ci &! cre1e c/ ce 0+u4e 0e &! f!ce, fi=&! ui *rice &! ice De !cee!, &/ ic&*u/F t*!te c3te cere7i, ru)341u=&/, 0/ cre1e7i c/ e=!7i u!t şi e &e7i !&e! 0Marcu, II, 22=2<.Cre1i47! +e c!re * 34&!7/ M34tuit*ru 4u e 1e !ce!şi *r1i4 c! 34cre1ere! 34tr=u4 1*ct*r, 34cre1ere! !c*r1!t/ u4uişef +*itic, cre1i47! 34 cee 5/rturi0ite 1e u4 eH+*r!t*r, 34 1e0c*+eririe u4ui 0!&!4t, 34 4!r!7iu4e! u4ui!&e4turier etc ci e * f*r7/ cre!t*!re, c!+!i/ 0/ i4ter&i4/ 34 re! şi 0/=" 5*1ifice 1u+/ ier! &*i47/ ! *5uuiE0te 1e0tu c! ci4e&! 0/ !i/ cre1i47/ c3t u4 * 1e 5uşt!r, +e4tru ! +ute! 0tr/5ut! 5u47ii 1i4 *c Cu5 !5 +ute!347ee)e !ce!0t/ 0+u0/ ! M5tuit*ruui, 1!c/ cre1i47! !r 340e54! !cce+t!re! 4ec*4tr*!t/ ! u4*r !fir5!7iic*40i1er!te 1re+t !1e&/ruri !0*uteG 1!c/ cre1i47! !r fi *5**)!i/ *e1ie47ei (34 feu uiF cre1e şi =4ucercet!.^Mut!re! 5u47i*r 1i4 *c şi 1*341ire! tutur*r ce*r cerute +ri4 ru)/ciu4e (0/ cre1e7i c/ e=!7i u!t şie &e7i !&e!. 4u 0e +*t 347ee)e 1ec3t 1!c/ cre1i47! 340e!54/ cu t*tu !tce&! 1ec3t !cce+t!re! *!r/ ! u4*r



!fir5!7ii=!1e&/ruriG !1ic/, 1!c/ e! e * f*r7/ cre!t*!re, +e c!re *5u e ier 0=* !i/ 0!u 0/ 4=* !i/, +e c!re şi=* +*!te 340uşi, 0!u * +*!te +ier1e, 1!r +e c!re 34 4ici u4 c! 4u * +*!teFA1e/47ui +ri4tr=u4 !ct 1e c!+itu!re 34 f!7! u4ui !1e&/r Z!1!r4i &*5 re+et!F Cre1 34tr=u4ui Du54eeuG 0!uFCre1 c/ M34tuit ru e0te fiu ui Du54eeu ce 1e * fii47/ cu T!t/ etc !1!r4i &*5 f!ce *ric3te 1ec!r!7ii 1e!1eiu4e ! 1*)5! creşti4/ şi 4e &* 0ii 0/ cre1e5 ce 0+u4e cri+tur! 0!u cee! ce !ui5 34 i0eric

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+e t*!te 4i&eurie re!uui, ! t*&/r/şi! e!ti" fic/ *5=Du54eeu, ! re)e4er!re! tutur*r f/+turi*r, !1ic/ !!*ire! i0t*riei şi ! i40t!ur!re! ti5+uui !ceui! +r**r*cit 1eI0!i!Yîndreptat, 5!rtie "#>".

'#!H* [' revistei @ri)onturi\5

R@LEL P@LMI!II ŞI LIMI*L I @R>'#I! în publicistica emigra&iei noastre ! ap$rut în ultimul timp un fenomen foarte interesant, care vine s$ 9ustifice onecesitate resim&it$ înc$ de mult$ vreme+ ste vorba de fenomenul polemicii, care se duce între diverse opiniicolective sau individuale şi care caut$ s$ preci)e)e po)i&ii/

şi atitudini absolut utile în desf$şurarea evenimentelor viitoare+ Paralel cu acest gen de polemic$ înregistr$mun efort colectiv în afirmarea drepturilor noastre na&ionale, a c$rui &inut$ varia)$ de la publicaplune la

publicaplune1 ba c"iar de la individ la individ+ vident c$ nivelul acestor manifest$ri 9oac$ un rol covîrşitor îneviden&ierea noastr$ peste "otare şi este c"emat s$ dovedeasc$ opiniei publice mondiale nu numai vitalitatea



creatoare de care dispune poporul rom=n, ci şi educata civic$ democratic$ pe care a reuşit s$ şi.o însuşeasc$ îndecursul c"inuitului s$u trecut istoric+

Pentru ca efectele imediate ale polemicii s$ fie productive ca atare fructuoase pe platiul activit$&ii noastre se cere cunoaşterea anumitor limite de de)voltare organic$, în interiorul c$rora fenomenul în cau)$ apare ca onecesitate+ Motivul acestei cunoaşteri este uşor de intuit5 polemica în cadrul e-ilului nostru este dup$ cumaminteam un fenomen de dat$ recent$, iar ma9oritatea celor c"ema&i s.o duc$, fac poate pentru prima dat$

cunoştin&a ei+ ste de datoria celor mai în vîrst$, pe care rutina şi preg$tirea respectiv$ i.a dotat cu în&elegereamînuirii acestei arme creatoare, de a ne pre)enta rolul şi limitele ei constructive+ 'cest lucru nu e-clude peîncep$tori de a.şi e-pune punctul lor de vedere+ Revista Ori*4turi invit$ aşadar pe cititorii ei la o discu&ierodnic$ asupra acestei probleme şi public$ în num$rul de fa&$ primul r$spuns care ne.a sosit5

R$spunsul domnului Mircea liadeAr fi 1e 1*rit, fireşte, c! +*e5icie 34tre i4teectu!i 0/ 0e 5e47i4/, cu5 0e 0+u4e, 34tr=* !t5*0fer/ 1e0e4i4/t!te / fie, !1ic/, 5!i +u7i4 +*e5ic/ şi 5!i 5ut 1i0cu7ie 34 c*4tr!1ict*riu Di!*)u şi c*4tr*&er0!,c'i!r 34tre +*i7ii 0+iritu!e i4c*5+!tiie, 0e +*t +urt! cu * 0i4t!H/ *4*r!i/ şi 34tr=u4 eHic +*t*it M!i !e0 c/t*7i i4teectu!ii r*5;4i 1i4 eHi, +ri4 340uşi f!+tu c/ !u !e0 eHiu, i!r 4u c*!*r!re! cu *cu+!4tu 0tr/i4, 0u4t1e !c*r1 !0u+r! +r*e5e*r e0e47i!e T*7i, u4/*!r/, refu/ 0*&ieti=!re! 7/rii şi !*ire! 5*4!r'iei, t*7i 1*re0ceier!re! terit*riuui 1e 0u *cu+!7i! 0tr/i4/ şi re0t!ur!re! iert/7i*r ci&ie şi 0+iritu!e Di0cu7i! 34tre e5i)r!47i!r +ute! fi, !ş!1!r, 4u 4u5!i +*0ii/, 1!r şi !5ic!/C/ ucrurie 0t!u t*c5!i !t5i4teri, * ştie t*!t/ u5e! I4uti, +e4tru 7eurie !4c'etei 1e f!7/, 0/ f!ce5 i0t*ricu

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O0@ri)onturi, !+riie=iu4ie "#>". CT%BM ] PR@P'>'# !EL*ER'L

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i4tere0e c!re 4u !&e!u 4i5ic 1e=! f!ce cu cutur!34 *rice c!, !&e5 5ut 1e 34&/7!t 1i4 !ce!0t/ 35ucur/t*!re eH+erie47/ =! 1*&e1it, 34c/ * 1!t/, cee!ce u4ii 1i4 4*i 0u07i4e!u 1e 5utF c/ *rice +r*+!)!41/ cutur!/ e i4uti/ şi c*0ti0it*!re 1!c/ 4u C34cre1i47!t/ 1irect cre!t*ri*r 1e cutur/ Ce! 5!i u4/ +r*+!)!41/ +e4tru iter!tur! r*5;4/ e0te

+uic!re! tr!1uceri*r 1i4 *+eree 0criit*ri*r r*5;4i şi 4i5e4i !tu 1ec3t 0criit*ru 4u e 5!i 345/0ur/ 0/ 35+i4e!0c/ !ce!0t/ fu4c7ie 34 ! 1*ie! r3'1, 0=! , 1*&e1it 34c/ * 1!t/ c/ *fici!it!te!cutur!/ 4u re+rei4t/ 1ec3t f*!rte !+r*Hi5!ti& !1e&/r!t! ier!r'ie 1e &!*ri cutur!e O f*!rtei5+*rt!4t/ fu4c7ie cutur!/ +*!te fi 34cre1i47!t/ u4ei 0tr/ucite 5e1i*crit/7i 0!u c'i!r u4ei 4uit/7i

+rete47i*!0e At3t! &re5e c3t *fici!it!te! )!r!4t! cu +re0ti)iu şi u)etu ei * !0e5e4e! 34!t/ fu4c7iecutur!/, 4e!&erti!7ii +ute!u fi +/c/i+ R/5!şi 0i4)uri, f/r/ 4ici u4 )ir şi f/r/ 4ici u4 +re0ti)iu,re1uşi eHcu0i& ! +r*+riie *r f*r7e cre!t*!re, 0criit*rii şi c/rtur!rii r*5;4i 1i4 e5i)r!7ie !u f*0t 0ii7i0/ ucree !/turi 1e c*4fr!7ii *r 0tr/i4i şi 0/ !cce+te !ritr!u !ce0t*r! Reut!tee 0=!u &/ut 1e0tu1e re+e1e Cei c!re !u !&ut ce&! 1e 0+u0 !u f*0t !0cut!7i şi şi=!u +ri5it *curie cu&e4iteG cei!7i 0=!u!r!4!t cu5 !u +utut, 1!r 4i5e4i 4u=i 5!i i! 34 0e!5!, +e4tru c/ 4u 5!i re+rei4t/ 4i5icAr fi +/c!t c! * !0e5e4e! +re7i*!0/ eH+erie47/ cutur!/ 0/ 0e +i!r1/ Ar treui 0/ 34re)i0tr/5 şi 0/

+/0tr/5 cu u!re !5i4te 0ucce0ee c*5+!tri*7i*r 4*ştri 34 0tr/i4/t!te De u4 ucru +ute5 fi 0i)uriF!0e5e4e! 0ucce0e 4=!u f*0t truc!teG ci4e e=! 1*341it, e=!<1*3'1it eHcu0i& )r!7ie t!e4tuui (0!u 4*r*cuui. uiG 34 *rice c!, 4u e=!u *7i4ut +ri4 !r!4!5e4te 1e cui0eL*curie c!re 0e cucere0c 34 0tr/i4/t!te re+rei4t/ !1e&/r!t! 0eec7ie ! &!*ri*r cutur!e r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi0îndreptar, iu4ie=iuie "#>".

#'VI>'R #!%% %*+++!u amabila permisiune a editurii 3!artea Pribegiei4 reproducem mai 9os emo&ionanta prefa&$ prin care Mircea

liade pre)in&i deopotriv$ primul volum al editurii cit şi pe autorul acestuia, colaboratorul nostru Z+#+

Man)atti535i ceri, 1r!)/ +riete4e, * 0curt/ +ref!7/ +e4tru &*u5u t/u 1e 0c'i7e iter!re Cu5 !ş +ute! refu!^ E &*r! 1e *c!rte 1e iter!tur/ r*5;4e!0c/ +uic!t/ 34 eHi i 5!i !e0 e &*r! 1e * c!rte ! t!, 1e +ri5! t! c!rte 37i )'ice0c1e 1e+!rte 4er/1!re! şi e5*7i! i, 34 u4/ +!rte, Ie 35+/rt/şe0c35i !1uc !5i4te 1e 0er!t! +e c!re 4e=!i *ferit=* !cu5 trei !4i, +riete4i*r şi !15ir!t*ri*r t/i 1i4 P!ri0 (i cer*5;4 4u fi=e +riete4 0!u 5/c!r !15ir!t*r^ Ci4e 0e +*!te /u1!, 1i4tre 4*i t*7i, c/ 4=! fre1*4!t, cu 5!i 5ut 0!u5!i +u7i4 t!e4t, Iuit! 5e! cu *c'ii &eri^ Ce +etrecere 34firi+!t/ 34tre r*5;4i, *riu41e 0=!r !f! ei ri0i+i7i 34cee +!tru c*7uri !e u5ii, şi *ric3t !r fi e! 1e 0fi*!0/, 0=!r +ute! 34c'ei! f/r/ c34tecee t!e^.M=!i ru)!t, !tu4ci, 0/ 0+u4 c3te&! cu&i4te Er! * 0e!r/ 5e!4c*ic/, tr!40+!re4t/, 0u!&/, !ş! cu5 034t u4e*ri 0erie1e iu4ie ! P!ri0 Ve4i41 c/tre !e Pee, 5/ 34tre!5 ce=!5 0/ 0+u4G ce=!r treui 0!u ce !ş +ute! 0+u4e u4*r*!5e4i !1u4!7i !c** c! 0/ te !0cute +e ti4e, !1ic/ u4*r +rie)i 1*r4ici 0/ uite c3te&! ce!0uri 1e 4e&*ie şi4ec!urie *r, 1e tr!)e1iie ce*r 1e !c!0/ şi 1e 5ieriie u+te*r şi 4e347ee)eri*r +*itice Mi=!5 !1u0 !tu4ci!5i4te 1e 347ee!+t/, +r*fu41! 0e4ti47/F #avigare necesse est, vivere non est necesse+++

K!7/ 1e i!t!, 4e&*i!ş! &i!7/ ! +rie)i*r, r30u, )u5!, ir*4i!, c*40titui!u * 4!&i)!re, !1ic/ * ieşire 1i4 0i4e,* 1et!ş!re 1i4 7/r5u u5ii47e*r şi ! 5ieriei i4ice, * +utire 34 !&e4tur/ Atu4ci !5 347ee0 c3t 1e +u7i4 r31e5



4*i, r*5;4ii, 1i4 eHi, c3t 1eC +u7i4 r*5;4e0c e r30u 4*0tru, şi c3t 1e 4ece0!r/ e0te re)/0ire! !ce0tui u5*r !4ce0tr! +e4tru 340/şi 0/4/t!te!4*!0tr/ 0ufete!0c/

#avigare necesse est+++ Tu 4e 34)/1ui!i 4*u!, refu)i!7i*r şi 1e07/r!fi*r, !ce!0t/ 4!&i)!re c/tre +ei0!)iie 1i4ti5+urie 1e !c!0/ A0cut341u=7i )u5ee, re)/0e!5 cee! ce fiec!re 1i4 4*i +ier1u0e5 !+r*!+e f/r/ 0/ /)/5 1e

0e!5/F ti4ere7e! 4*!0tr/ ucureşte!4/ 0!u +r*&i4ci!/, +etrecerie, u4/0t!re!, iert!te! 1e=!c!0/, ti5+u !ce!i0t*&it 1e e!titu1i4i ! R*5;4iei 1e !t/1!t/ Re)/0e!5 t*!te !ce0te! f/r/ 0/ 4e 1*!r/ 34t34ire! cu trecutu, f/r/!cri5i şi f/r/ 5e!4c*ie C/ci tu şti!i 0/ 4e re34t*rci !c!0/ +ri4 u5*r şi !&e!i )ri! 0/=7i +!r*1iei +r*+riie=7ir*5!47eCre1 c/ 4u eH!)ere 1e*c 0+u4341 c/ tu eşti 0i4)uru r*5;4 1i4 eHi c!re 4=!i uit!t 0/ r3i r*5;4eşte Kiec!re1i4tre 4*i şti5 0/ r31e5 34 f!7! u4ei 0itu!7ii c*5ice eHteri*!re, !1ic/ r31e5 34 c*4f*r5it!te cu 5*r!&urie şiu5*ru 7/ri*r 34 c!Ye 4e=! &3rit 0*!rt! Nu5!i tu c*4ti4ui 0/ r3i !ş! cu5 0e r31e !c!0/, 4u5!i tu =!i !1u0 +e3)/ cu ti4e +e0te 7/ri şi 5/ri, 4u5!i tu !i +/0tr!t 4e0ec!t i&*ru c!!5ururi*r şi ştii i5it! &*rire! +eticii$"S! 0303ifi*r şi ! f*4fi*r Pri4 ti4e, i5! &ie ! *r!şe*r şi 5!'!!e*r 4*!0tre 0e c*4ti4u/ !ici, 34 eHi Li5!!ce!0t! *)!t/, 0t3cit/, +it*re!0c/, 34 c*4ti4u/ +ref!cere, c!re, 1!c/ 4=! f*0t i5! M E5i4e0cu, ! f*0t t*tuşii5! +e c!re ! iuit=* şi ! utii!t=* C!r!)i!eMi=e 1e0tu !ce!0t/ re!5i4tire ! 0erii !ceei! 1i4 P!ri0u ui iu4ie "#<8G 4u 341r/4e0c 0/ 5/ re34t*rc 5!i !(Y34c 34trecut, c/ci eşti 1e+!rte 1e 5i4e şi, i+0it 1e r30u şi u5*ru u !t3t 1e 0te4ic, 5i=e te!5/ 1e 5e!4c*i! !1uceri*r

!5i4te C341&!, c341 &*i 35/tr34i, &*i 34cerc! +*!te 0/=5i 0criu !5i4tirie, şi f/r/ 341*i!/ c/ te &*i re)/0i !tu4ci1e 4e4u5/r!te *ri De*c!51!t/ !şte+t cu 4er/1!re !+!ri7i! &*u5uui t/u c!re te &! c*40!cr! c! 0criit*r !/turi1e +u7i4ii u5*rişti r*5;4i tiu +re! irYe c/ 1u+/ 0ucce0ee +e c!re e=!i cu4*0cut cu 5uic! şi r*5!47ee t!e, cui4&e47i! ui 3)/ şi 4e4u5/r!te +!)i4i 1e u5*r +e c!Y e e=!i re1!ct!t ! Vremea şi ! >luma, !+!ri7i! 34 &*u5 !uti5-$" 6e cre!7ii iter!re 4=!r treui 0/ c*40tituie +e4tru ti4e u4 e&e4i5e4tD!r !ce0t &*u5 4u &! !&e!, ce +u7i4 3 4 +ri5! ui e1i7ie, &itri4/ ! ir/ri! C!rte! R*5;4e!0c/, ci &! 6+!re 34Ar)e4ti4! şi &! circu! 4u5!i +ri4tre refu)i!7i De !cee! e 4e &! fi şi 5!i 0cu5+ 1ec3t t*!te cee!te c/r7i +e c!ree &ei ti+/ri 34 7!r/ i, +e4tru e, 37i r/55e5 5!i recu4*0c/t*ri 1ec3t +e4tru t*t ce 4e=!i 1/ruit +34/ 34 !ceşti, trişti!4i 1e +rie)ie C/ci 0cri0u t/u 1e !0t/iF bbc!re 1i4 *i cb , ? r!*4,,u !,!b>b 340Rom=nia, iuie J#> M@!R'(I ŞI MI#I%M

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S6n""1*4 D!c;+utere!cf0Tfi f :+re5/ ^e P*0ei!ur/ ! P!rt'e4*4uui C/ci !cee fi 1*1f k*!0! c**r3te 1i4 N*r1 4u +ute!u*n8*6 6 ^Y +!tri!r'!e

A0t! 35i !1uce bteET _ f!t/ ti! = 34tre 1e5*cr!t^ ff TY 5!i i4e iYU bi5+!=i0t*rice 34 geTvot*u6 rdm"e%! t* bYWl *cut/. ! 66p YS^S < cr!tic/, re&*u7i*4!r/ (5i0tic! h T = f i4 5,t,C! 1e5* YYi4i7i!te proZ6*66%66f:66 34t*t1e!u4! re0turi 1i4 cre1i4te , P_P:,!re +/0tre!/ 4*ii &e4i9i, *it*rii cTce4triiTfetef*r uuY!te 1e tr!405it, c! !te4te, X ! * )e er!tieT! YW fe5eiG şi +e4tru c/ fe5eie 0u4` Y P5u

r341 P`c/ ee 0u+r!&ieNe0cTJ4r CO4f r&!t*!rePtru f!+tu 0*ci!e A0Trcut^^^ *?f ^f 7;ri*r et4*=(+re= >i+r*ti0rf*

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Yfe5ei!, fie L6%6%6%*t Y 5:,te b eu ] c!u 5!ri*r ei g T! T YY i5+urit!te !t*t+uter4ici!1r!e 4 , 1 PYY ! 4i4, ! fii**)ii 2E ^0tceU Y1e&*tiu4ii 1e ti+fe5i=T=4=fti YYY V!i0'4!&!, rie,1e !0e5e4e!, 34 reci! 2 ! f Am! 0!u Petrecut ucru=b 5 *reci!, u41e rei)i*!t!te! +re='ee4ic/, 1e0tructur/ fe5i4i4/ (cute !e fertiit/ii etc. ! f*0t +/0tr!t/, 1u+/ i4&!i! et4ii*r 4*r1ice, 1e c/tre fe5ei, şi 34 u4/ +!rte, t*t 1!t*rit/ fe5ei*r !u re!+/rut 34 u5e! )re!c/ (Eeu0i!, cure4tu 1i*4i0i!c etc. I!r !ce0te ur5e 1erei)i*it!te +*+u!r/, 4ici*1!t/ +ier1ute +e4tru eH+erie47! fe5ei*r, !u +utut +r*&*c! i5+etu*0u !&34t !1i*4i0i!4i05uui, t*t 34tr=u4 5*5e4t 1e iert!te ci&i/, 1e &ict*rie 1e5*cr!tic/ E0te 1e 4ec*4ce+ut 0ucce0ufu)er/t*r ! cure4tuui 1i*4i0i!c, iru+7i! &i*e4t/ ! ee5e4te*r +*+u!re, !r'!ice, 34 rei)i*it!te! 'ee4/ f/r/! +re0u+u4e *!rec!re iert!te +*itic/ 1*3'1it/ 1e !ut*'t*4i, !1ic/ 1e cei !0u+ri7iDe5*cr!7i! 5er)e 534/ 34 534/ cu fe5i4i05u Nu eHi0t/ re&*u7ie +*itic/ 0!u ref*r5/ 0*ci!/ 34 0+irit1e5*cr!tic, c!re 0/ 4u !1uc/ 1u+/ 0i4e * 0+*rire ! 1re+turi*r fe5eii, c*4c*5ite4t cu * *5!)iere, 1e *rice fe,! &irtu7i*r fe5i4i4e 34 )e4er!, Liert!te! e0te c*4ce+ut/ c! * fe5eie

0înşir:te M$rg$rite, *ct*5rie=1ece5rie "#>". I%*@RI%M ŞI I#*RI@RI'R ec*u ! gg=e! e0te, 34tre !tee, şi 0ec*u i0t*riei Cee! ce 0=! 4u5it 5!i t3riu i0t*ri05, &*i47! 1e !



cu4*!şte eH!crşi +34/ 34 cefe 5!i 5ici !5/4u4te t*t ce 0=! 34t;5+!t 34 trecut, ;r/ 4ici * !t/ +re*cu+!re !ter!/(1e ! u0tific! ce&!, 1e ! 1e5*40tr! ce&!, 1e ! 34&/7!, 1e ! eHe5+ific! etc., e0te * cre!7ie ! 0ec*uui ! gg=e!T*t cee! ce ! b0t e0te +re7i*0G şi e0te +re7i*0 t*c5!i +e4tru c/ ! fost, +e4tru c/ ! !&ut *c 34 i0t*rie Nu 4u5!ie&e4i5e4tee +r*+riu=i0 i0t*rice i4tere0e!/, ci t*t ce 0=! +etrecut 34 ti5+G 1e&*t!re! i40titu7ii*r u5!4e,i5!u, e&*u7i! 0+eciei u5!4e, +recu5 şi ! tutur*r ce*r!te 0+ecii !4i5!e etc Re4!4 0crie i0t*ri! i5i*r0e5itice, ! +*+*ruui e&reie0c şi ! *ri)i4i*r creşti4i05uui, Pictet 0crie i0t*ri! )r!5!ticii i41*=eur*+e4e,

M*550e4 +e ce! ! +*+*ruui r*5!4 1!r D!rdi4 rec*40tituie *ri)i4e! 0+ecii*r, u4 !tu i0t*ri!P/534tuui, u4 !tu i0t*ri! C*05*0uui P!0iu4e! i0t*riei 0e c*5+ete!/ +ri4tr=* e)!/ +!0iu4e +e4tru*ri)i4i :4 ucru 0e &!i1e!/ c! *iect 1e cu4*!ştere 34 ci+! c341 i 0e 1e0cifre!/ *ri)i4e! şi e&*u7i! ui De!ici *0e0i! 34ce+uturi*r, ! *ri)i4i*rG 0e c!ut/ eH+ic!7ii )*!e i5i*r, rei)ii*r, 5ituri*r, i40titu7ii*r etcA=*ri)i4e! *r _` [ & ei3!J 5tr 4 5it 0!u d P C!rc Y J! =Pri41e 5*1u

Pf*r te c _ bbr*!0! *iecid!t t,reC

34!i4te 1e C'ri f > !^! c,!u 1e0f PC ,4e Pri4 h!4t Pri4Zf `A b0!1ici şi Z _ 5ie 1e bi fi!rei !cte Y YYYS 340/U iL`Y *6 m J`=!+!re4t/ 4Y _5e4e>tiF lim" 5*T ,PC 14/4tru !f5i*c, b+iY i0et!@GYi*>

0e eH+ic/ +ri4 !cee!şi 1*ri47/ 1e ! !4u! !0+ectee eHteri*!re !e 5!teriei, 1e ! 0e i40er! 34 !134curiei4&u4er!ie, 1e ! 1e0c*+eri 5*ecuee şi !t*5ii^ Recu4*!şte5 34 !ce0te )e0turi !e *5uui 0ec*uui !gg=e! i0t*ri05, e&*u7i*4i05 şi !4!i! fiic*=c'i5ic/ ! 5!teriei 34cerc/ri 1e)r!1!te 1e i4tr*&er0iu4e,

ef*rtu 0+irituui 1e ! 0e re)/0i +e 0i4e +e !te 1ru5uri 1ec3t cee cu4*0cute +34/ !tu4ci, 1i4 ti5+urie u+!4iş!1iceşi +34/ ! h!4t C!0c!e0, "#<<0înşir:te M$rg$rite, *ct*5rie=1ece5rie "#>".

LI*R'*ER' R@MQ#'%! N# WILf3rşe0c 1e cetit +ri5ee trei &*u5e 1e iter!tur/ r*5;4e!0c/ !+/rute 34 E1itur! C!rte! Prie)iei 1e ! Bue4*0Aire0F +*e5ee ui Vi4ti/ @*ri!, ' murit un sfînt, r*5!4u ui T*!1er I*r!ş, %fin&itorii de Icoane, 0c'i7ee şi!5i4tirie ui Neu M;4!tu, î&i mai aduci aminte, doamn$+++A7ii &*r 1! 0e!5! 1e0+re &!*!re! iter!r/ ! !ce0t*r c/r7i +recu5 şi ! ce*r ce &*r 5!i &e4i, +e4tru c/ '!r4ic!e1itur/ r*5;4e!0c/ 1e ! Bue4*0 Aire0 !4u47/ 34c/ &re* 1*u/eci 1e &*u5e De*c!51!t/, &re!u 0/ 4*te !ici!ce0t e&e4i5e4t, +e4tru cei 5!i 5u7i 1i4tre 4*i !+r*!+e cu 4e+uti47/ 1e 347ee0F * e1itur/ 1e iter!tur/r*5;4e!0c/ !c/tuit/ 1e 4işte ie7i refu)i!7i, f/r/ f*41uri, f/r/ 0u&e47ii, f/r/ 34cur!/ri *fici!eG !c/tuit/ 34 +ri4u r341 +ri4 &*i47! şi +rice+ere! ui ri)*re M!4*ie0cu, c!re, retr!0 34 0i'/0tri! 1e ! V!e @er5*0*, 34ierr!0 1e C1r1*!, cue)e 0i4)ur teHtee, e c*recte!/, e 5uti+ic/ ! 5i5e*)r!f şi !+*i e!)/ &*u5ee, u4u

c3te u4u, şi e 34ceie c*+er7i3e, şi t*t 0i4)ur e eH+e1i!/ 34 cee +!tru c*7uri !e u5ii, +retuti41e4i +e u41e 0e)/0e0c r/0+341i7i r*5;4ii K!+tu c/ +ri5ee trei &*u5e !u f*0t e+ui!te 34 c3te&! u4i, şi c/ 0e tr!) !cu5 4*ie1i7ii, e0te t*t !t3t 1e 35ucur/t*rG 0e 1*&e1eşte 34c/ * 1!t/ c/ +rie)ii 0u4t )!t! 0/=şi ru+/ +3i4e! 1e ! )ur/ c! 0/=şi !0i)ure u4 5i4i5 1e ectur/ 34 i5! r*5;4e!0c/D!r, 34!i4te 1e t*!te, C!rte! Prie)iei c*4fir5/ cee! ce 0e +re0i57i0e 5!i 1e 5utF c/ 0criit*rii r*5;4i 1i4 eHi4u 0=!u /0!t !/tu7i 4ici 1e +ri)*!4/, 4ici 1e i+0uri, 4ici 1e i41ifere47! *fici!it/7i*r Ei 3şi c*4ti4u/ 4u 4u5!icre!7i!, ci şi 1ifu!re! 0crieri*r A/*r :4e*ri !ut!7i, !te*ri 0i4)uri 1e cee 5!i 5ute *ri 0i4)uri, re4u473'1 ! * 5!0/ 5!i u4/, ! * c!rte, ! *c/5!ş/ 0criit*rii +rie)i !u iutit 0/ ti+/re!0c/ 4e4u5/r!tee re&i0te, &*u5e şi r*şuri, i!r c341 4=!u +utut 0/e i5+ri5e ! ti+*)r!fie, e=!u 5uti+ic!t ! 5i5e*)r!f Li0t! !ce0t*r +uic!7ii e0te 1e! i5+re0i*4!4t/ D!c/

Luceaf$rul, +ri5! Re&i0t/ ! criit*ri*r R*5;4i 34 EHi, !+/rut/ +ri4tr=* 0u&e47ie ! )e4er!uui N R/1e0cu,0=! 0ti40 1u+/ ! 1*ie! 4u5/r, !te re&i0te iter!re, 1e !0t/ 1!t/ 5i5e*)r!fi!te, i=!u u!t *cuF !aete de or, !

P!ri0, 34)riite 1e C A5/riu7ei şi Vir)i Ieru4c!, înşt:te M$rg$rite ! Ri* 1e J!4eir* (re1!ct*ri I Di5itriu şitef!4 B!ciu., Vers, ! Ned n*r (re1!ct*r Nic*!e N*&!c., !uget Rom=nesc, ! Bue4*0 Aire0, cu u4 i5+*rt!4t0u+i5e4t iter!r Vi4ti/ @*ri! ! ti+/rit ! Bue4*0 Aire0 'ntologia Poe&ilor Rom=ni în -il (C*ec7i! MeşteruM!4*e, "#>$. P*eiie ui E5i4e0cu !u !+/rut 34t3i 34tr=* 5*1e0t/ 1!r e5*7i*4!4t/ e1i7ie it*)r!fi!t/ !Mii4c'e4, !+*i, ti+/rite, 34 &*u5e uH*!0e ! M!1ri1 şi Li0!*4! TeHte 1e Nic*!e I*r)!, Oct!&i!4 *)!, N!eI*4e0cu !u f*0t ti+/rite 34 er5!4i! P!c'ete 1e &er0uri !u !+/rut ! P!ri0, u4ee ti+/rite 34 i40uee C!4!riiRe&i0te 1e cutur/ )e4er!/ c*4ti4u/ 0/ !+!r/ în er5!4i! (u4/*!r/, &*u5i4*!0ee c!iete @ri)onturi2, Kr!47!,It!i!, +!4i! 0estin, Libertatea2, C!4!1! etc EHcee4t! re&i0t/ 1e )341 şi f!+t/ creşti4e!0c/ îndreptai=!+!re 34c*41i7ii )r!fice i4c*5+!r!ieF e0te, 1e !tfe, ce! 5!i ee)!4t/ re&i0t/ r*5;4e!0c/ 1u+/ >îndirea, 1eci 34 uti5u0fert 1e &e!cA5 34şir!t, 34 5!re )r!/, !ce0te c3te&! tituri şi !5 !5i4tit c3te&! 4u5e, c! 0/ +u4 34 u5i4/ u4 f!+t c!re 0=!c!5 trecut cu &e1ere!F eH+erie47! eHiuui 4u 0=! 0*1!t +retuti41e4i +ri4 1e0cur!!re, 3!4ie, i4tri)/, c!*54ie şi4e+uti47/ Ce +u7i4 0criit*rii +*e7ii, fi**fii, criticii, +r*!t*rii !u c*4ti4u!t 0/ r/534/ ce fu0e0er/ şi 5!i

34!i4teF cre!t*ri i=!u i5+u0 cre!7iie şi 34 i5i 0tr/i4e, 1!r 0=!u /tut 0/=şi +/0tree &ie, 34tre!)/, 4e!ter!t/, şii5! +e c!re * 5*şte4i0er/ 1e ! ctit*rii iter!turii r*5;4e 5*1er4e Pri4tre !t3te! ucruri tri0te şi !5!re +e c!re



4i e 1e0c*+er/ 4ec*4te4it eHiu, f!+tu !ce0t! c*40tituie * 4e!şte+t!t/ 534)3iere e &! şti 5!i tiriu c3te ertfe!0cu41e !ce!0t/ 5ir!cu*!0/ +r*1uc7ie iter!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ i, t*t 5!i tiriu, 0e &! 347ee)e !134c! ei0e54ific!7ie 0+iritu!/ şi c'i!r +*itic/ (C/ci 0e &! &e1e! 34tr=* i c3t 1e 4/+r!4ic/ r/!te &*i47! 1e rei0te47/ !4e!5uui 34tre), crucific!t !c!0/, 34 5*1e0tee ti+/rituri iter!re !e +*e7i*r +rie)i şi 34f*5et!7i.AS

EH+erie47! e1it*ri!/ ! C/r7ii Prie)iei 5!rc'e!/ * 1!t/ 34 i0t*ri! cuturii r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi 34tr=u4 !4, &*5!&e! * ii*tec/ 34tre!)/ 1e 0crieri 4*i, i4e1ite, !e +*e7i*r şi +r*!t*ri*r c!re !u W !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ 0c!+e1e *cu+!7i! ru0/ K!+tu e u4ic 34 i0t*ri! e5i)r!7ii*r eur*+e4e Re+et, c/ci şi 1e ucru !ce0t! 0e &! 7i4e 34tr=* i0e!5/F C!rte! Prie)iei, c! şi 5!*rit!te! ti+/rituri*r I iter!re r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi, 4u 0e ucur/ 1e 4ici *0u&e47ie *fici!/ Nu !re 5ii*!4e 1e fr!4ci 34 0+!tee eiG 4u !re 4ici 5/c!r c3te&! eci 1e 5ii 1e fr!4ci :4e*ri,&i4 5u4cit*ri cu 0ufete 1e 34)eri şi=şi 1/ruie0c ec*4*5iie c! 0/ 0e +*!t/ i5+ri5! &er0urie şi +r*ee &i0/t*ri*r0!u &e)'et*ri*r 4*ştriG cu5 e0te !ce 5u4cit*r 1i4 Ar)e4ti4!, I*4 M/rii, c!re ! 1/ruit e1it*ruui C/r7iiPrie)iei t*t ce 0tr340e0e 34tr=u4 !4 şi u5/t!te 1e 5u4c/ (I*4 M/rii, +ri5u 5e5ru 1e *4*!re ! *ciet/7iicriit*ri*r R*5;4i, c341 4e &*5 re34t*!rce !c!0/. D!r 0+rii4 *fici! 4u !re 1e 4ic/ieri Deşi t*!teu4i&er0it/7ie 1i4 u5e u41e 0e 34&!7/ i5! şi iter!tur! r*5;4e!0c/ e1iturii C!rte! Prie)iei 0e &*r !1re0! c!0/=şi 35+r*0+/tee ii*tecie cu 4*ie cre!7ii iter!re r*5;4eşti Zt criu !rtic*u 1e f!7/ )341i41u=5/5!i !e0 ! r*5;4ii=!5eri=c!4i Ei 0i5t şi 5!i 5ut c! 4*i, eHi!7ii, 4e&*i! 1e c/r7i şi re&i0te iter!re r*5;4eşti, +e4tru c/ 0u4t 1e şi 5!i

5ut/ &re5e +ec!7i 1i4 7;r/ Pri5ee &*u5e !e C/r7ii Prie)iei !u f*0t, cu5 0+u4e!5, 5i5e*)r!fi!teG 340/ce +u7i4 u4u &! !+!re ti+/rit (i !4u5e eHcee4t! c!rte ! ui Mi'!i Nicue0cu, 'mintiri în uniform$+2 D!c/eH+erie47! !ce!0t! e1it*ri!/ reuşeşte, 0=!r +ute! c! t*!te cee!te c/r7i 0/ !+!^/ " 1e !ici 34!i4te ti+/rite Nu &*r +ute! r*5;4ii=!5eric!4i 0/ !ute ! 34f/+tuire! !ce0tui 5ir!c* ! cuturii r*5;4eşti, cu5+/r341 şi 1ifu341 c/r7ie0criit*ri*r r*5;4i 1i4 eHi^0Rom=nul, 1ece5rie "#>".!EM % '! @ !EL*ER I:4u 1i4 ti4erii 5ei +riete4i 35i 5/rturi0e! 5!i 1eu4/i c/ e eH!0+er!t 1e 5e1i*crit/7i 35i 34şir! 4u5e, tituri,0itu!7ii şi 34/7!, i41i)4!t, r!7ee 0+re cer 34 cre1i47! ui, t*!te !ce0te 5/ri5i *!recu5 cutur!e er!u 4işte5e1i*cri P*!te !&e! 1re+t!te / +re0u=AO +u4e5, c'i!r, c/ !&e! 1re+t!te D!r, &*r! +r*fe0*ruui N!e I*4e0cuF ei, şi^ L! ce u4 i41i)4!re! !ce!0t!^ L=!5

34tre!t 1!c/, 5e1it341 !0u+r! triu5fuui 5e1i*crit/7ii, şi=! /5urit &reu4! 1i4 +r*+riie ui +r*e5e 0!u 1!c/,i41i)43'1u=0e, şi=! 0+*rit +*0iiit/7ie 1e cre!7ie C/ci !u f*0t *!5e4i c!re 0=!u 1efi4it +e 0i4e 0!u şi=!u 1e0uşit1e0ti4u ri1ic341u=0e 35+*tri&! 5e1i*crit/7ii şi ! 5e1i*cri*r, ! f!0e*r &!*ri şi ! i5+*0t*ri*rF hiere)!!r1, u4/*!r/, 0!u, +e u4 !t +!4, Niet0c'e, 0!u C!r1ucci +*e5i0tu, 0!u P!+i4i D!r +riete4u 5eu +!re ! fi !tfecr*it Mu4c! ui, ef*rtu ui 1e cre!7ie 0e 35+i4e0c +e !te 4i&euri 1ec3t cee !e +*e5icii Atu4ci 4u 5=!50fiit 0/ i=* 0+u4 1e ce=şi +ier1e &re5e! i41i)4341u=0e 35+*tri&! 5e1i*crit/7ii^ De c3'1 e u5e! u5e,5e1i*crit!te! ! triumfat şi 35+*tri&! 0f34tuui şi 35+*tri&! )e4iuuiG ! triu5f!t c'i!r 35+*tri&! *!5e4i*r c!re4ici 5/c!r 4u +urt!u 34 fru4te 0ti)5!tee )e4iuui 0!u !e 0fi47e4iei, c!re 4u er!u 1ec3t 4işte *!5e4i i4tei)e47i,*4eşti 0!u 5u4cit*ri C3te*1!t/, 1!t*rit/ ci4e ştie c/r*r 35+reur/ri, 0e 5!i 3't35+/ c! u4 )e4iu 0/ fie recu4*0cutc! !t!re 34 ti5+ uti, !1ic/ 34!i4te 1e !=şi fi 0cui+!t +/534ii 1e tuercu*/, ! fi i4ter4!t 34tr=u4 *0+iciu 0!u !5uri 1e 5ierie 34tr=* 5!40!r1/ D!r c!urie !ce0te! 0u4t, ce +u7i4 34 cuturie 5*1e5e, 1e0tu 1e r!re, şi e 5!i i4e 0/ e trece5, cu5 0e 0+u4e, 0u t/cere, c! 0/ 4u 4e f!ce5 iuii !1!r4iceD!c/ !0tfe 0t!u ucrurie, 5=! 34tre!t 1i4 4*u +riete4u 5eu, ce treuie 0/ f!ce5^ / 34cruciş/5 r!7ee şi 0/!cce+t/5 triu5fu 1i4 ce 34 ce 5!i t*t! ! 5e1i*crit/7ii^ Nu :4 *5 &iu 4u 34crucişe!/ 4ici*1!t/ r!7ee 34 f!7!u4ei 0itu!7ii, *ric3t !r +/re! e! 1e 1e4/1/1uit/ :4 *5 &iu 3şi 34cr34ce4eşte +uterie 34 f!7! fiec/rui 4*u triu5f !5e1i*crit/7ii şi=şi c*4ti4u/, 34ecit, 5u4c! şi cre!7i! Du+/ c3te !5 &/ut +34/ !cu5 34 uru 5eu, 4u cre1 c/ 0=!r +ute! 1! u4 !t r/0+u40, 5!i u4, 5e1i*crit/7iiF triu5fuui ei te5+*r! 3i r/0+u4i creînd+ i treuie 0/ f!ci ucru!ce0t! re+e1eG c/ci 4u 0e ştie c3t ti5+ 7i 0e &! 5!i 34)/1ui 0/ 5u4ceşti şi 0/ creeiD!r 3i 5!i 0+u4e!5 t34/ruui 5eu +riete4 şi !tce&! Triu5fu !ce0t! ! 5e1i*crit/7i*r 4u e 4u5!i u4 +/c!t !4*0t4, ! r*5;4i*rG e * c*40t!4t/ 0+iritu!/ ! Eur*+ei 5*1er4e (i ce i4tere0!4t !r fi 0/ 0e 0crie 34tr=* i istoria!ce0tui fe4*5e4 0+iritu! e &! &e1e!, !tu4ci, ce c*40eci47e 1e!0tru*!0e ! !&ut din acest punct de vedere !ici!re! u4i&er0it/7i*r şi 5!i !e0, cur341 1u+/ !&34tu ştii47e*r 1e ! 34ce+utu 0ec*uui ! gDC=e!, 4*uA;0i0te5 1e ! c!0ific! *!5e4ii 1e cutur/ 4u 1u+/ valoarea *r re0+ecti&/, ci 1u+/ titlurile +e c!re e 1e7i4e!uG 34!ş! fe 34c3t u4 Re4!4 0!u u4 M*550e4 !u f*0t, !4i 1e=! r341u, *5**)!7i ce*r *+t 0ute 1e 1*ct*ri 34 Litere şi

Ki**fie c!re=şi 1*341i0er/ 1i+*5ee u4i&er0it!re *1!t/ cu ei D!r +r*e5! !ce!0t! e +re! c*5+eH/ +e4tru !- +ute! eH+u4e 34tr=* +!r!4te/. Cu4*0c u4 0!&!4t 0tr/i4 c!re, !/turi 1e )e4iu, 5!i !re 1e0tu/ cutur/ şi +re)/tire ştii47ific/ +e4tru c! 0/ +*!t/ 341e0tu! 4u * c!te1r/ u4i&er0it!r/, ci * f!cut!te 34tre!)/ Are, 34 +u0,



4*r*cu 1e ! !+!r7i4e u4ui 4e!5 ci&ii!t, 1e 5!re şi &ec'e cutur/ i cu t*!te !ce0te!, 0e !+r*+ie 1e >$ 1e !4i şi4=! iutit 0/ *7i4/ * c!te1r/ u4i&er0it!r/G u41e 0=! +ree4t!t, i 0=! +refer!t u4 !tuG 341u 0!u 0f*r/it*ru5e1i*cru, +urt/t*ru 0er&ietei 5!e0truui, !ut*ru 1e ucr/ri care nu supar$ pe nimeni pentru c$ nu contra)ic nicio idee acceptat$ şi n.aduc nimic nou+ O5u 5eu, 1i5+*tri&/, ! +uic!t t*t ucruri c!re 0+!r) ti+!ree i4e ştiuteşi tuur/ 0ie0t! ştii47ifici*rG 1e0c*+eririe ui 0u4t 1i0cut!te şi +r*5*&!te +retuti41e4i 34 !f!r/ 1e +r*+ri! ui7!r/G !c** 4u i 0e +*!te iert! 341r/4e!! 1e !=şi fi 0+u0 +/rere! !0u+r! c3t*r&! 5e1i*crit/7i +rete47i*!0e (c/ci,

cu5 0+u4e!5, 0+eci! !ce!0t! ! triu5f!t +retuti41e4i, c'i!r 34 cee 5!i &ec'i şi 0*i1e cuturi.A5 +*5e4it !ce0t c!=i5it/ +e4tru c/ 0e 34t35+/ 0/=" cu4*0c i4e D!r !0e5e4e! 4e1re+t/7i 0e 34t34e0c !fiec!re +!0 şi 34 fiec!re 7!r/ A1uce7i=&/ !5i4te 1e 1ificut/7ie 34t35+i4!te 1e @!01eu, N I*r)! 0!u V!0ieP;r&!4 c341 ! f*0t &*r! 0/=şi *7i4/ Y c!te1ree c!re !u 4utrit, !+*i, )e4er!7ii 1e=! r341u, cutur! r*5;4e!0c/5*1er4/ C3t/ /t!ie 1e c!+, c3te eH!5e4e şi +!r!=eH!5e4e D!r !u f*0t şi u4ii c"ema&i 1irect ! c!te1r/ 1!t*rit/5erite*r *r eHce+7i*4!eG c'e5!7i e +re! +u7i40+u0G 1*!r c/ 4=!u f*0t i5+*r!7i +ri4 +r*ce0iu4i +uice 0/ +ri5e!0c/ ! c*40!cr! * c!te1r/ şi 0/ ci40te!0c/ +ri4 +ree47! *r 340/şi N!7iu4e! Cre1e7i c/ *!5e4ii !ceşti! 1e5erite eHce+7i*4!e 0e 4u5e!u eHti Puşc!riu 0!u O &i1 De40u0i!4u 0!u N!e I*4e0cu^ O, 4uG 4u5ee *r 4ue 5!i re7i4e 4i5e4i !0t/i +e4tru c/ eHce+7i*4!ii n.au f$cut nimic+ e 34t35+/ 0/ cu4*0c +e u4u 1i4 eiG ! r/5!0ceeru 5ut/ &re5e +e4tru c/, 34 te! ui 1e 1*ct*r!t e4u5er! +ri4tre fi**fii c*4te5+*r!4i şi c3te&! 4u5e 1e*r!şe fr!4cee D!r 0/ 4u cre1e7i c/ şi=! +ier1ut eH!5e4u, 1i5+*tri&/, ! f*0t c'e5!t i5e1i!t ! * f*!rtei5+*rt!4t/ c!te1r/, cre!t/ t*c5!i !tu4ci şi !4u5e +e4tru e 34 ti5+uri 4*r5!e /i!tu !ce0t! 4*r*c*0 !r fic*41u0 !0t/i 1e0ti4ee

,A<fi**fiei r*5;4eşti, c/ci !&e! t*t ce=i treuie c! 0/ +!r&i4/F er! +reş cu 5/ri5ie, fu1u cu +r*0ti5e! şi, 5!i !e0,er! u4 !cti&i0t 4e34trecutF 0cri! 1e 0ute 1e *ri !ce!şi !rtic*, ! 3 r*0te! şi ! R!1i*, ! Ate4eee +*+u!re, !c*4feri47e 34 c*4tr!1ict*riuG şi 1e c3te *ri 3i !+/re! !rtic*u 0!u 1e c3te *ri 0e !4u47! c/ &! !+!re 0!u c/ ! !+/rut(şi ce i!r 0!u re&i0t/ r*5;4e!0c/ 4=! !4u47!t 1e c3te&! eci 1e *ri !+!ri7i! !ce0tui +r*1i)i*0 !rtic*^., i 0eti+/re! şi f*t*Y )r!fi!, i!r 0u f*t*)r!fie i 0e 34şir!u titurie, 34 c!+ cu 4ei+0ituF D*54u Pr*fe0*r Cut!re,1i0ti40u c/rtur!r r*5;4 / 4u r31e7i, t34/ru !ce0t! f*t*)e4ic !u40e0e * 0te! cutur!/ 1e +ri5 r!4) LuiC*40t!4ti4 N*ic! 4ici 5/c!r 4u i 0e 34)/1ui0e 0/ 0e +rei4te ! c!te1r! cre!t/ +e4tru !ut*ru !rtic*uui, fu0e0ere0+i40 +e 5*ti& c/ 4=!re ucr/ri 1e 0+ec!it!te I!r 34 ti5+ ce Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu r/5/0e0e ci4ci0+reece !4i1*!r 0i5+u !0i0te4t ! C!te1r! 1e Etic/, *5u cu fi**fii=4u5e 1e *r!ş 0e urc!0e 1irect ! c!te1r! cre!t/ +e4trueE&i1e4t, c!u 4u e eHce+7i*4! i ! 4*i, c! şi 34 !t3te! 5!ri şi 0*i1e cuturi, +r*5*&/rie *fici!e 0e f!c 1e*icei t*c5!i +e 1*0F 34tre * &!*!re şi u4 5e1i*cru, 0e !e)e 1e *icei !ce0t! 1i4 ur5/ D!r 0/ 4u cre1e7i c/

5e1i*crit/7ie 4u 3şi !u şi ee 5i0iu4e! *r +r*+rie, şi 4u 5!i +u7i4 4ece0!r/, 34 ec*4*5i! u4ei cuturi O cutur/4u e !c/tuit/ 4u5!i 1i4 5/ri5i :4 4u5/r c*40i1er!i 1e 5e1i*crit/7i &e'icue!/, !15i4i0tre!/, *5!)i!/&!*rie cre!te 1e 5/ri5iG 4u *+eree cre!t*ri*r c*4te5+*r!4i, i4e347ee0, ci 1*!r &!*rie 1e! +r*5*&!te*fici! (C3te 5ii 1e 5e1i*cri 1i4 u5e! 34tre!)/ 4u 0e eHt!i!/ !0t/i 34 f!7! *+ere*r Iui hiere)!!r1 0!u Niet0c'e D!c/ e=!r fi f*0t c*4te5+*r!4i, 4ici 5/c!r 4=!r fi c!t!1ic0it 0/ e r*0te!0c/ 4u5ee. Cu *)e4er!7ie 0!u 1*u/ 34 34t3riere f!7/ 1e &!*ri, ! i 1*!r cu )*riie *fici!e 1i4 u5e! 34tre!)/ şi 1i4 +r*+ri! *r7!r/ 5e1i*crii t*t 3şi 35+i4e0c * fu4c7ie i4e 1eter5i4!t/ 34 034u u4ei cuturi :4 f*!rte 5!re 0!&!4t fr!4ce,c/rui! 3i 5/rturi0e!5 34tr=* i 5ir!re! 5e! 1e ! 4u=" &e1e! ! 4ici u4 C*4)re0 i4ter4!7i*4! şi ! 4ici * şe1i47/0*e54/ ! 4e4u5/r!te*r I40titute 34 c!re er! 5e5ru, 5i=! r/0+u40F O!5e4ii 1e ştii47/ 0e 35+!rt 34 1*u/c!te)*riiF cei c!re cree!/, şi cei c!re 0e !r!t/ E f*!rte !1e&/r!t Nu +*7i f!ce şi u4! şi !t! (Nu5!i Nic*!eI*r)! iute! 0/ e f!c/ +e !53'1*u/, 1!r I*r)! 4u 0e 4!şte I! fiec!re 0ut/ 1e !4i.i cu t*!te !ce0te!, şi 0!&!47ii c!re se arat$, f/r/ s$ fac$ 4i5ic !tce&!, sunt necesari într.o cultur$+ 341i7i=&/c3te 5i4i0tere, c3te

AC c*40iii 1e !15i4i0tr!7ie, i40titute, !c!1e5ii, 0*ciet/7i cutur!e, *r)!4i!7ii 1e +r*+!)!41/ etc, etc i5+ic/!15i4i0tr!re! şi c*40er&!re! u4ei cuturi Ci4e&! t*t treuie 0/ f!c/ tre!! !ce!0t!F 0/ re+rei4te N!7iu4e! 34tr=u4C*4)re0 i4ter4!7i*4!, 0/ c*5e5*ree ce4te4!ree +*e7i*r, 0/ !1uc/ salutul Ac!1e5ii*r 34tri0t!7i*r !1u4!7i 34 uru u4ui 5*r534t iu0tru, 0/ !c*r1e +re5ii, 0/ 34t*c5e!0c/ tee)r!5e, 0/ 7i4/ 1i0cur0uri, 0/ !t/ 1i4 +!5e şic3te !te treuri *r 5!i fi 1e f/cut 3i &e1e7i +e E5i4e0cu, +e P;r&!4, 34'/5341u=0e ! !0tfe 1e 5u4ci^ De0i)urc/ 4u i t*tuşi, şi treurie !ce0te! 3şi !u utiit!te! *r De 5ute *ri 0ucce0u u4ei 5!ri *+ere cutur!e 1e+i41e1e, c!it!te! !15i4i0tr!t*ruui ei A1e0e!, u4 e1it*r ! f/cut t*t /t3t 1e 5ut +e4tru cutur! 7/rii 0!e c3t şi 5!rii0criit*ri +e c!re i=! e1it!tG )341i7i=&/ ! V!ecc'i 34 It!i!, ! !i5!r1 34 Kr!47!, ! 1irect*ru ui E0+!0! C!+e34 +!4i! E&i1e4t, !15i4i0tr!t*rii, c*40er&!t*rii, &e'icu!t*rii cutur!i 4u 0u4t cre!t*ri 1e &!*riG 1!r !ş! cu50u4t ei 5e1i*cri, 5!i 5ut 0!u 5!i +u7i4 5u4cit*ri, !5i7i*şi, &!4it*şi 0!u 5*1eşti 3şi 34+i4e0c * 5i0iu4eT*!t/ 1i0cu7i! treuie 0/ 0e +*!rte 4u !0u+r! f!+tuui c/ 34tre + 5e1i*crit!te şi * &!*!re ! f*0t +refer!t/ 5e1i*=crit!te! (!0t! e0te, !5 &/ut, !+r*!+e * f!t!it!te 34 cuturie 5*1er4e., ci !0u+r! 34tre/riiF dintre mai multemediocrit$&i, însufle&ite toate de aceeaşi fierbinte dorin&$ de a parveni, care ar fi cea mai potrivit$ s$administre)e o institu&ie cultural$ oarecare? C!re 1i4 ei 1i0+u4e 1e 5!i 5ut ti5+ ier c! 0/ şi=" +*!t/ 0!crific!



4*ii 0!rci4i cutur!e^ Ci4e !re 5!i 5ut/ uşuri47/ şi eH+erie47/ 34 c*re0+*41e47! cu *fici!it/7ie^ Ci4e !re 5!i5ut 1!r *r!t*ric^ M!i 5ut/ prestan&$? M!i 5ut/ !iit!te +*itic/, şi f!r5ec +er0*4!, şi re!7ii 1e f!5iie etc,etc^ Aş! treuie +u0/ +r*e5!, +e4tru c! 4u5ire! u4ui !15i4i0tr!t*r 34tr=u4 !t +*0t cutur! 0/ +*!t/ fi f/cut/34 c*41i7ii *+ti5e Nu i4tr*1uce7i 34 1i0cu7ie ee5e4te c!re, 1e*c!51!t/, 4=!u ce c/ut!F &!*!re, cutur/, c!+!ci=t!te cre!t*!re etc A0te! 3şi &*r !&e! r*0tu 5!i t3riu, c341 0e &! 0crie istoria u4ei cuturi341!t/ ce 4u e &*r! 1e +*i7i! +*e5ic/ ! u4ui hiere)!!r1, ! u4ui Niet0c'e, ! u4ui :4!5u4* 0!u P!+i4i, ci 4e

!şe/5 +e * +*i7ie 1e eH+ect!ti&/, !cce+t341 34 +ri4ci+iu t*!te &!*rie şi t*7i !15i4i0tr!t*rii c!re !c/tuie0c!*!t/ * cutur/ &ie, 4u !re 4ici u4 r*0t 0/ 4e eH!0+eree triu5fu 5e1i*crit/7i*r Pe t$rîm cultural, 0i4)urur/0+u40 &!!i +e c!re=" +ute5 1! e0te 0+*rire! +r*+rieiAF 4*!0tre cre!7ii E&i1e4t, 5!i eHi0t/ şi * !t/ +*0iiit!te 1e= r/0+u41e u4ui !0e5e4e! triu5f, 1!r !ce!0t! 4u 5!i!+!r7i4e cuturii, ci politicii+ C! !t!re, 1i0cu7i! ei 1e+/şeşte c!1ru c*40i1er!7ii*r 1e f!7/IIC341 7!r! er! ier/, ce +u7i4 * 1!t/ +e !4 re34ce+e! ! 4*i * &ec'e şi +!0i*4!4t/ c*4tr*&er0/F cu5 treuie 0/ fiecutur! r*5;4e!0c/^ :4ii 0+u4e!uF treuie 0/ 4e c*4ce4tr/5 eHcu0i& !0u+r! fe4*5e4uui !ut*'t*4, 1e ! i5/şi f*c*r, +34/ ! uti5ee cre!7ii !e fi**fiei r*5;4eşti A7ii, 1i5+*tri&/, +reti41e!u c/ treuie 0/ 34cur!/5t*!te curi*it/7ie 0+iritu!e, c3t !r +/re! ee 1e eHce4triceG c/ 4i5ic 4u 35+ie1ic/ +e u4 0criit*r r*5;4 0/ tr!1uc/şi 0/ c*5e4tee +e u4 Eu)e4 ONei, u4/*!r/, 0!u !artea !eaiului ! ui h!u* (!t3t 1e fru5*0 tr!1u0/ 1e E5Bucu7! şi +uic!t/ 34 c*ec7i! C!rte! Vre5ii, c*41u0/ 1e 1irect*ru >mdirii, Nic'i=f*r Cr!i4ic.

Recu4*!şte5 şi 34 !ce!0t/ c*4tr*&er0/ te40iu4e! 1i4tre tr!1i7i*4!işti şi 5*1er4işti, c!re ! !4i5!t 1e !34ce+uturie ei cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ şi +e c!re !5 1i0cut!t=* cu u4 !t +rie 34 +!)i4ie îndreptarului+ A5eete41i47e +/c/tui!u +ri4 eHce0u *r +r*)r!5!tic C/ci * cutur/ 4u 0e f!ce +ri4 +r*)r!5e şi 5!4ife0teG 0e f!ce, 34 +ri5u r341, +ri4 cre!7i! &!*ri*r cutur!e Lucru !ce0t! "=! 347ee0 f*!rte i4e +r*fe0*ru N!e I*4e0cu Pe4true, * cutur/ er! u4 ucru &iu, şi *+er! !ute4tic/ u4 r*1 ! 0+irituui cre!t*r E !1e&/r!t, 0+u4e! e, cutur!r*5;4e!0c/ !re !0t/i 4e&*ie 1e f*!rte 5ute ucruri, 340/ ee 4u +*t fi i5+r*&i!teF treuie 0/ !şte+t/5 0/ ecreee, fire0c, &*c!7iie +er0*4!e 34c/ 1i4 "#$>, N I*r)! cere! turc**)i, !t3t 1e 4ece0!ri i0t*ri*)r!fieir*5;4eşti şi 4u i=! !&ut 1ec3t treieci 1e !4i 5!i t3riu, c37i&! !4i 1u+/ ce R*5;4i! !&e! 1e! 1*i i41i!4işti,5!i 5ut 0!u 5!i +u7i4 i4utii f!7/ 1e 4e&*ie i4teri*!re !e cuturii r*5;4eşti D!r ce er! +refer!iF 0/i5+r*&i/5 u4 turc**) 34 "#$>, u4 +0eu1*0!&!4t c!re 5!i 5ut !r fi 34curc!t ucrurie şi 4e=!r fi f/cut 1e r30 34f!7! 0tr/i4i*r cu r/t/cirie ui 0!u 0/ !şte+t/5 0/ cre!0c/, fire0c, u4 !0e5e4e! 34&/7!t^tii47! i0t*ric/ şi i4)&i0tic/ r*5;4e!0c/ ! f*0t c*4fi0c!t/, 1e ! 34ce+uturie ei, 1e c/tre +r*e5ee e)!te 1e*ri)i4e! şi 0u+r!&ie7uire! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c 34 )r!4i7ee D!ciei Er! fire0c 0/ fie !ş!F +r*e5ee !ce0te! er!u

5!i 5ut 1ec3t c'e0tiu4i ştii47ifice +e4tru 4*i Ee f/ce!u +!rte (0!u 5/c!r !ş! 5i 0e +/re!. 1i4 1e0ti=A4u 4e!5uui 4*0tru De ! 'e*r)'e i4c!i şi L!uri!4 ! uti5ii ee&i !i ui I*r)! 0!u eHu Puşc!riu şi O&i1De40u0i!4u, t*7i i0t*ricii şi i4)&iştii 4*ştri şi=!u 34c'i4!t &i!7! trecutuui r*5;4e0c O+er/ !15ir!i/ şii41i0+e40!i/, c!re e 34c/ 1e+!rte 1e ! fi 34c'ei!t/ D!r !0t! 4u 340e!54/ c/, !/turi 1e e!, 4u &! fi *c şi +e4tru!tfe 1e 0tu1ii i0t*rice şi i4)&i0tice, 4u 5!i +u7i4 utie u4ei cuturi r*5;4e 5!*re Ni5ic 4u 4e 35+ie1ic/ 0/!cce+t/5, 1!c/ &*r fi 0u07i4u7i 1e * +uter4ic/ &*c!7ie şi 1e c!it/7i +er0*4!e eHce+7i*4!e, u4 0i4**) 0!u u40+eci!i0t 34 i4)&i0tic! *ce!4i!4/ i, 0/ 4u 35i7i, 1!r 0=!r +ute! c! !ce0t 0i4**) 0!u !ce0t 0+eci!i0t 34 i5ie*ce!4ie4e 0/ !1uc/, ! ti5+u *r, u4 5!i 5!re +re0ti)iu t cuturii r*5;4eşti 1ec3t u4 f*!rte 0tr/ucit i0t*ric !4e!5uui r*5;4e0c Pe4tru c/ 4u treuie 0/ uit/5 !ce0t ucruF c/ i0t*ri! 4e!5uui 0!u i5ii r*5;4eştii4tere0e!/ u4 4u5/r i5it!t 1e 0tr/i4i, c/ )e4iu şi ştii47! +ree4te 34 !0e5e4e! *+ere 1e i0t*ri*)r!fie şii4)&i0tic/ r*5!4e!0c/ 0u4t 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe *c!te 34 cercurie 0+eci!işti*r Lucru !ce0t! 4u 0e 34t35+/4u5!i cu 4*i Di4tre !t37i! 5!ri i0t*rici fr!4cei, 4u L!&i00e, !ut*r ! u4ei 5*4u5e4t!e i0t*rii ! Kr!47ei, e0te ce

5!i cu4*0cutG Er4e0t Re4!4, M!0+-r*, B*i00iere şi !t37i! !7ii, c!re !u 0cri0 1e0+re e&rei, e)i+te4i, r*5!4ietc 0u4t 5ut 5!i ceti7i, !t3t 34 Kr!47! c3t şi 34 0tr/i4/t!te, şi ei !u c*4triuit 34tr=* f*!rte 5!re 5/0ur/ ! i5+u4e=re!, +e +!4 5*41i!, ! )e4iuui i0t*ri*)r!fie fr!4ceA0u+r! !ce0tui +u4ct, +re! 1e0 şi +re! re+e1e trecut cu &e1ere!, &*i5 0/ 0t/rui5F c/ )e4iu 0+ecific u4ei cuturi etr!40+!re4t 34 t*!te cre!7iie cuturii re0+ecti&e, *ric!re !r fi 5!teri!ee +e c!re e +reucre!/ i!5*dit,*cu+341u=0e 1e )reci, 0!u M*550e4, 0crii41 i0t*ri! r*5!4i*r, !u i5+u0 cu 5!i 5ut/ !ut*rit!te &iiu4e!)er5!4/ ! i0t*ri*)r!fiei 0ec*uui ! gDC=e! 1ec3t eutsc"e >esc"ic"te im eitalter der Reformation ! uiR!4e, c*40i1er!t/, 34 er5!4i!, * c!+*1*+er/ ! i0t*ri*)r!fiei 4!7i*4!e O &*c!7ie !ute4tic/ 0er&eşte34t*t1e!u4! cutur! re0+ecti&/, *ric!re !r fi +!4u +e c!re 0e 35+i4eşte P34/ 5!i !cu5 &re* ece !4i 4*i,r*5;4ii, er!5 i4ti5i1!7i 1e ef*rturie şi +r*+!)!41! i0t*ri*)r!fiei 5!)'i!re şi 4e 0ie!5 1i4 r/0+uteri 0/=i 7i4e5 +ie+t A1e&/ru e0te c/ !ce!0t/ eHtr!*r1i4!r/ +r*1uc7ie i0t*ri*)r!fic/ 4u circu!, 34 5*1 efecti&, 1i4c** 1ecercurie 0+eci!işti*r şi +riete4i*r 1e! c3şti)!7i +r*+!)!41ei 5!)'i!re Ac**, 34 !cee cercuri 1e i0t*rici,*!5e4i +*itici şi ur4!işti, +r*! !ce!0t! 4e cre! * !t5*0fer/ 4ef!&*r!i/ D!r, +e +!4 5*41i!, 4u !ce!0t/i0t*ri*)r!fieAA



5!)'i!r/ +r*&i4ci!/ !&e! circu!7ie ci *+ere cu c!r!cter 0u+r!=4!7i*4! Ocu+341u=0e eHcu0i& 1e 5it**)i!c!0ic/, 5!ree 0!&!4t h!r here4i 0e ucur/, !0t/i, 1e u4 +re0ti)iu 5*41i! c!re 34trece cu 5ut f!i5! tutur*ri0t*rici*r şi i4)&işti*r u4)uri ! u4 *c Ne !1uce5 !5i4te 1e !t!curie +e c!re e +ri5e! here4i, 34 ti5+ur/*iuui, 1i4 +!rte! u4*r c*5+!tri*7i e*şiF c/ 34 *c 0/ +rei4te 0tr/i4/t/7ii +r*e5e 1e i4tere0 4!7i*4!, 0e*cu+!, 34 & 0i'/0tri! ui 1i4 E&e7i!, cu 5iturie )receşti M!i 5ute c/r7i, 1i4tre c!re u4! 34 c*!*r!re cu Ju4),!t! cu T'*5!0 M!44, !u ieşit 1e !tu4ci ! i&e!/ şi )e4iu 5!)'i!r e +ree4t !0t/i 34 u5e 1!t*rit/

5it**)uui here4i I5e40! i0t*ri*)r!fie şi iter!tur/ +r*+!)!41i0tic/ 5!)'i!r/ ! r/5!0 34)r*+!t/ 34 ii*teciOricu5 !r e&*u! i0t*ri! u4i&er0!/, 4ici*1!t/ !ce!0t/ iter!tur/ 4u &! 1*341i circu!7i! şi +re0ti)iu *+erei uihere4i N=!5 &*i, t*tuşi, 0/ 0e 347ee!)/ )reşit !ce0t eHe5+u Nu &*i5 0/ 0+u4e5 c/ i0t*ri*)r!fi! şi i4)&i0tic!r*5;4e!0c/ fii41 +r*&i4ci!e treuie 4e)i!te 34 f**0u u4*r 1i0ci+i4e i0t*rice 0!u i4)&i0tice 1e 5!i 5!recircu!7ie here4i 4u 0=! !+uc!t 0/ 0tu1iee 5it**)i! )rece!0c/ 34 *cu 1*cu5e4te*r tr!40i&/4e4e +e4tru c/ 0=!r fi )341it ! +*0iiit/7ie 1e circu!7ie ! 0crieri*r ui A 0tu1i!t 5it**)i! +e4tru c/ !ce!0t! er! &*c!7i! uiG!ici 3şi +ute! 35+i4i )e4iu ui, i!r 4u 34 i0t*ri*)r!fi! 5!)'i!r/, !ş! cu5 )reşit 3 341e54!u u4ii c*5+!tri*7i 345/0ur! 34 c!re her-4i ! !1u0 * 4*u/ şi )e4i!/ i4ter+ret!re ! 5it**)iei ! 1/ruit u5ii * 4*u/ cre!7ie ! )e4iuui5!)'i!r I41irect, şi f/r/ 0/ ur5/re!0c/ !ce0t ucru, e ! 0er&it +r*+!)!41! 5!)'i!r/ 5!i 5ut 1ec3t !u +utut=*f!ce 0utee 1e 5ii 1e +!)i4i +uic!te 34 !ce0t 0c*+, şi c!re !u c*0t!t, c! t*!te +r*+!)!41ee 1i4 u5e, f*!rte5ute eci 1e 5ii*!4e 1e fr!4ci e&e7ie4i@ cultur$ se face, deci, prin concursul ! nenum$rate voca&ii în permanent$ tensiune, foarte adesea în opo)i&ie,

1!r 34t*t1e!u4! c*5+e5e4t!re Li+0ite 1e i4tere0 şi u4e*ri +ri5e1i*!0e 4u 0u4t 1ec3t +0eu1*5*rf*ee, f!0ee&!*ri, i5+r*&i!7iie Cre!7iie !ute4tice, +e *rice +!4 0=!r 5!4ife0t! ee, 0f3rşe0c 34t*t1e!u4! +ri4 ! fi &!i1!teCu !f3t 5!i i4e 1!c/ ee 0u4t 34 *+*i7ie u4ee f!7/ 1e !tee, c/ci * cutur/ 4u e u4 *c 5*4*itic 34 *rice c!,* cutur/ 4=!re 4i5ic 1e c3şti)!t 1!c/ e +!4ific!t/, 1!c/ 0e f!ce 1u+/ +r*)r!5 (Ve1e7i ce 0e 34t35+/ 34R*5;4i! 0*&ieti!t/. :4 cre!t*r 1e &!*ri +r*5*&e!/ 1e *icei şi * şc*!/, +r*&*c341 u4 i4tere0 )e4er! +e4tru +r*+riu 0/u u4i&er0 0+iritu! :4 5!re

p!#6 #t0M +r*fe0*r cri0t!ie!/ 4e4u5/r!te &*c!7ii, şi 34 0e40u !ce0t! e *r)!4ie!/ * cutur/ D!r 4u * +!4ific/, 4u5*iie!/ ti4eree t!e4te +e u4 1ru5 c!re, *r)!4ic, 4u e 1ru5u 1e0/&3rşirii *r /u4trice34 1r!5! '*t/r3t*!re +ri4 c!re trece !0t/i 4e!5u r*5;4e0c, ce +ute5 f!ce 4*i, cei c!re !&e5 4*r*cu 0/ 4e!f/5 34 0tr/i4/t!te^ Nu e &*r! 4u5!i 1e +r*+!)!41! +e c!re fiec!re r*5;4 * f!ce 34 cercu ui, &*ri41 şi0crii41 1e0+re tr!)e1i! 7/rii Lucru !ce0t! e 1e ! 0i4e 347ee0 D!r, 34 !f!r/ 1e 5/rturi! +e c!re fiec!re 1i4tre 4*i

+*!te 0=* !1uc/, 34 c*7u 1e u5e 34 c!re ! f*0t &3rit, ce +ute5 f!ce +e t$rîm cultural? L/0341 1e5!)*)i! +!tri*tic/ ! * +!rte, 4u +ute5 f!ce, cu f**0, 1ec3t cee! ce +r*+ri! 4*!0tr/ &*c!7ie 4e 34)/1uie 0/ f!ce5 Z!1!r4ic&*5 cere u4ui t34/r fiici!4 0/=şi 34treru+/ cercet/rie !f3t 1e 1e+!rte 1e tr!)e1i! 4e!5uui +e4tru ! 0crie!rtic*e 0!u ! 7i4e c*4feri47eG e &! f!ce cu 5ut 5!i +u7i4/ +rice+ere 1ec3t c!cuee şi eH+erie47ee ui 1e!*r!t*r Nu treuie 0/ c*4fu41/5 !te47i! 5/rit/ ! fe4*5e4u +*itic, c!re 0e cere !0t/i *ric/rui r*5;4refu)i!t, cu 0!crific!re! &*c!7iei cutur!e 34 f**0u u4ei +r*+!)!41e +er5!4e4te, *ric3t 1e 4*i/ şi i4ei4te47i*4!t/ !r fi !ce!0t! 1i4 ur5/ D!c/ Ei40tei4, 34 +re!5! 1e0c*+eririi re!ti&it/7ii, şi=!r fi 1e1ic!t &i!7!0i*4i05uui (!ş! cu5 ! f*0t i0+itit 0=* f!c/., )e4iu iu1!ic şi I0r!eu !r fi !&ut !0t/i * &!*!re 5*41i!/ 5!i +u7i4 O cutur/ 5!*r/ e !c/tuit/ 1i4 i4fi4ite 0*i1!rit/7iF 1e0c*+erire! u4ei 4*i te*re5e 0!u ! u4ei e)i i4)=&i0tice &!i1e!/ cre!ti&it!te! u4ei cuturi cu !cee!şi t/rie cu c!re * f!ce u4 +*e5 )e4i!, * 0i5f*4ie, u4 r*5!4, *te*rie fi**fic/ etc / 4u 4e 34c'i+ui5 c/ 1e5*40tr/5 5!i 0tr/ucit 1re+turie 4*!0tre i0t*rice +ri4tr=* *+er/c!re 0e e!)/ 1e trecutu 4*0tru, 1ec3t +ri4tr=* 5!re 1e0c*+erire ştii47ific/ 0!u * c!+*1*+er/ iter!r/ Dre+turiei0t*rice 0e !+/r/, 34 uti5/ i40t!47/, +e c35+urie 1e u+t/G cutur!iceşte, 340/, * 7!r/ 0e i5+u4e 34 circuitu

&!*ri*r u4i&er0!e +ri4 !40!5u cre!7ii*r 0!e Cu *rice cre!7ie cutur!/ creşte şi +re0ti)iu i4ter4!7i*4! !7/rii/ f!ce5, t*tuşi, cutur/ c341 tr!)e1i! 4e!5uui creşte cu fiec!re i^ 34tre!re! e +!tetic/ R/c4i7i=*, şi &e7i !&e!34t*t1e!u4! 0ucce0 De4i0 1e R*u)e5*4t *0er&! 1e cur341F :rc!7i ! triu4! u4ui C*4)re0 1e 0criit*ri şi +r*c!5!7i c/ e i41ece4t 0/ 0e &*re!0c/ 1e cutur/ c341 34tuie f*!5ete!F r*+*te 1e !+!ue şi t*!t/ +re0! &! ficu 1u54e!&*!0tr/ D!r i! )341i7i=&/ +u7i4 K*!5ete! 1*54eşte +e +/534t 1e c341 eHi0t/ *5e4ire! D!c/ &ec'iiY /B/

CX 9X> $oi41ie4i, şi 0u5erie4ii, şi e)i+te4ii, şi r*5!4ii !r fi 1ec!r!t ! ti5+u *rF 4u f!ce5 cutur/ c3t/ &re5e 0t/ruie5ieri! şi f*!5ete! +ri4tre 4*i, 4=!r 5!i fi eHi0t!t ci&ii!7ie I!r 1!c/ 4=!r fi eHi0t!t ci&ii!7ie, 4=!5 fi !&ut!0t/i 5i*!cee te'4ice +e4tru ! u+t! 35+*tri&! f*!5eteiTr/i5, !0t/i, * e+*c/ 1e ter*!re i0t*ric/, şi u4 4e!5 0u+r!&ie7uieşte 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re=şi 5*iie!/ t*!te

reer&ee ui 0+iritu!e O cutur/ e0te, 340/, şi e!, eH+re0i! !ce0t*r reer&e 0+iritu!e !e 4e!5uui V!*rieu4i&er0!e +e c!re e cree!/ ec'i&!e!/ cu t*t !r3te! /t/ii c3şti)!te 34 i0t*rie 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, u0tific!re!i0t*ric/ ! u4ui 4e!5 0e f!ce +ri4 &!*rie 0+iritu!e +e c!re e cree!/ E&i1e4t, 4u 0+u4e7i ucrurie !ce0te! u4ui



+!tri*t !cti&i0tF &! 1ec!r! i5e1i!t c/ 0u4te7i tr/1/t*r 1e 4e!5 şi 7!r/ 34 ce 5/ +ri&eşte, !ş !şte+t! cu 5!i +u7i4/0+!i5/ &iit*ru, 1!c/ !ş şti c/ u41e&!, 34 7!r/ 0!u 34 +rie)ie, 0=! 4/0cut u4 4*u E5i4e0cu, 0!u u4 4*u I*r)!, 1!c/!ş şti c/ u4 fiici!4 r*5;4 0e !f/ 34 +re!5! 1e0c*+eririi u4ui 4*u 0i0te5 1e ! 347ee)e :4i&er0u, 0!u c/ u4fi**f r*5;4 +re)/teşte * c!rte c!re &! 5*1ific! r!1ic! *rie4t!re! cu)et/rii *5e4eşti D!c/ Ei40tei4 !r fi f*0tr*5;4, * 0cri0*!re ! ui !1re0!t/ u4ui i!r !r fi c34t/rit 5!i 5ut, +e4tru 1e0ti4ee 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, 1ec3tc3te&! eci 1e t*4e 1e +uic!7ii 1e +r*+!)!41/

Yîndreptar, 1ece5rie "#>".3I.' MN#!'* !'PEL P@LI*I!'G+++4 C341 er!5 ee& 1e iceu, 5i=! c/ut *1!t/ 34 534/ * c!rte ! 1*ct*ruui I0tr!ti, +ref!7!t/ 1e +r*fe0*ru L*4)i4e0cuDu+/ ce e&*c! 0tr/ucit! c!rier/ ştii47ific/ ! 1r=uui I0tr!ti şi !5i4te! +ri4ci+!ee ui 1e0c*+eriri 34 c'i5i!*r)!4ic/, +r*fe0*ru L*4)i4e0cu 0cri! cu * 4e0t/+34it/ tri0te7eF 1!r t*!te !ce0te 340uşiri eHce+7i*4!e 0=!u ir*0it!1!r4ic I=! 534c!t şi ui c!+u +*itic! Cite 1i4 5e5*rie şi, cu5 !u trecut &re* treieci 1e !4i 1e=!tu4ci, 4u0u4t 0i)ur c/ re+r*1uc 34t*c5!i r341urie +r*fe0*ruui L*4)i4e0cu O 0i4)ur/ +r*+*i7ie 5i 0=! 34ti+/rit, cu :tere1e f*c, 34 5i4teF I=! 534c!t c!+u +*itic! N=!5 5!i +utut=* uit! 1e !tu4ci i 4u ştiu 1!c/ !ce!0t/ 0i5+/ şiterii/ +r*+*i7ie 4=! c*4triuit, 5!i 5ut 1ec3t ce=!5 &/ut şi cetit 5!i t3riu, 0/ cri0t!iee !ce c*5+eH 1e/BSte!5/, 1i0+re7, 0u0+iciu4e şi c'i!r ur/ f!7/ 1e fe4*5e4u +*itic 34 )e4er! c*5+eH +e c!re =!5 re)/0it, 1e!tfe, ! f*!rte 5u7i1i4 )e4er!7i! 5e!

Pe4tru 4*i, cei c!re !c/tui!5 )e4er!7i! t34/r/ 34tre !4ii "#2="#6>, +*itic! ec'i&!! cu * tr/1!re ! 0+irituuiA 0+u4e 1e0+re ci4e&! c/ f!ce +*itic/ er! t*t u4! cu ! 0+u4e c/ 4u e u4 1e 4i5ic, c/ 4u e 1e=! 4*0tru, c/,34 uti5/ i40t!47/, e * 4uit!te Pe4tru 4*i, +*itic! şi +!rti1ee +*itice re+ree4t!u +eriferi! &ie7ii !*ric/rei &ie7iF 5*r!e, cutur!e, ci&ie D!0c/ii şi 5!eştrii 4*ştri 0+iritu!i Nic*!e I*r)!, P;r&!4, R/1ue0cu=M*tru, N!e I*4e0cu 4e=!u tr!405i0, fiec!re 34 feu 0/u, 0!cr! *r*!re 1e +*itici!4i05 I!r 4*i, ti4eri, e4tui!ştişi 4!i&i, c*4fu41!5 politicianismul cu politica+ 34 ti5+ ce u4ii 1i4tre 4*i, cei 5!i +u7i4 reuşi7i, cei 5!i4e!ut*r!7i 1!r şi cei 5!i !5i7i*şi, 3şi cr*i!u 1ru5 +ri4 +*itic/ şi 0e !r!4!u 34 +*0turi i4e retriuite 5!re! 5!0/ ! )e4er!7iei 4*!0tre 0e 7i4e! 1e*+!rte, 34 0/r/cie şi 34 *0curit!te C'i!r !cei 1i4tre 4*i c!re=şi1*341i0er/ *curi 1e fru4te 34 )!et/rie 0!u 34 iter!tur/G cei c!re 4u tr/i!u 34 tur4u 1e fi1eş, ci +!rtici+!u 1i4 +i4 ! &i!7! 0*ci!/, er!u, u4/*!r/, fu4c7i*4!ri ! R!1i* 0!u ! Te!tree N!7i*4!e, 0!u ! Ku41!7iie Re)!e,c'i!r şi !cei! 0e fere!u 0/ !i/ &reu4 c*4t!ct cu &i!7! +*itic/ +r*+riu=i0/ Ni 0e +/re! c/ ! f!ce +!rte 1i4tr=u4 +!rti1, 0!u ! c*!*r! ! 0ucce0u u4ei c!5+!4ii eect*r!e er! +ri5u +!0 c/tre r!t!reAce0t! ! f*0t, +*!te, ce 5!i 5!re +/c!t ! )e4er!7iei 4*!0treF !5 /0!t *cu ier 4e+rice+u7i*r, *+*rtu4işti*r,

5e1i*cri*r N*i !c/tui!5 +ri5! )e4er!7ie 1u+/ :4ire şi 1!c/ 4e=!5 fi 341e+i4it 5i0iu4e! cu !cee!şi c*4ştii47/cu c!re şi=!u 35+i4it=* 34!i4t!şii 4*ştri, cei c!re 3şi ertfi0er/ 034)ee +e4tru :4ire, !tu !r fi f*0t ci5!tu +*itic! R*5;4iei 5*1e5e D!r )e4er!7i! t34/r/ 1i4 !4ii "#2>="#6> ! tr/it eHcu0i& 0u 0e54u 0+iritu!uui E! 3şi347ee)e! 5i0iu4e! i0t*ric/ eHcu0i& +e +!4 0+iritu! Treurie 5/ru4te !e +*iticii 1e fiec!re i e=!u /0!t!t*r! i !0tfe, e&it341 +*iticu !5 34cur!!t şi !5 340c/u4!t +*itici!4i05uuiu M!4iu !&e! 1re+t!te 34treru+341 *1!t/ +e u4 +r*fe0*r u4i&er0it!r c!re t*c5!i 3i 0+u4e! c/ e 4u f!ce +*itic/F K*!rte r/u f!ce7i, 1*54ue Pr*fe0*r, i=! 0+u0 uiu M!4iu K*!rte r/u f!ce7i 340crie7i=&/ 34tr=u4 +!rti1,34 *ric!re +!rti1, 1!r f!ce7i +*itic/ D!c/ &*i7i, c*5/te7i=5/G critic!7i=5/, 1!r fi7i !/turi 1e 4*i, +e tere4 Eu +refer 0/ !5 u4 !1&er0!r 1e &!*!re! Du54e!&*!0tr/, 1ec3t * 5!0/ i4ert/ 1e *!5e4i cu50ec!1e şi 0i5+!ti!47i,c!re 0e/BO7i4e 1e+!rte Det!ş!re! !ce!0t! 1e +*itic/ u0tific!t/ etic şi +0i'**)ic +ri4 *r*!re! 1e +*itici!4i05, 34 c!re0=! 5e47i4ut )e4er!7i! 4*!0tr/ 34tre !4ii "#2>="#6> eH+ic/ !t3t f*0ii!re! c!1re*r +!rti1e*r 1e )u&er4/534t,

c3t şi fe4*5e4u 1e !1eiu4e spontan$ ! i4tei)'e47iei ti4ere ! 5işc/ri 1e c!r!cter +r*te0t!t!r, cu5 ! f*0t !cee! ! +r*fe0*ruui K*r7u 0!u Mişc!re! e)i*4!r/ Ti4erii i4teectu!i, 34 )r*!! *r 1e ! 4u 0e c*5+r*5ite cu5&!i4te)r341u=0e u4ui +!rti1! c/rui i1e**)ie i 0e +/re! 1e+/şit/ 0!u !e c/rui c!1re i 0e +/re!u i5+ure, !u !1er!t !*r)!4i!7iie c!re !&e!u, +e4tru ei, 5!ree 5erit 1e ! 4u fi +*itice ucce0u Mişc/rii e)i*4!re +ri4tre ti4eriii4teectu!i 0e 1!t*reşte, 34 5!re +!rte, f!+tuui c/ 4u +/re! ! fi şi 4u 0e c*5+*rt! c! u4 +!rti1 +*iticAce!0t! ! f*0t )reşe!! i0t*ric/ şi 5!ree +/c!t ! )e4er!7iei 4*!0treF c/, 34 *c 1e ! fi +/tru40, 34ce+341 1e +ri4"#2>, 34 +!rti1ee +*itice, 34 t*!te +!rti1ee +*itice, şi 1e ! e fi 0+*rit 0u0t!47! i1e**)ic/ şi re)e4er!t &ec'iec!1re +ri4 cee! ce !1uce! 4*u şi cre!t*r ti4ere7e!, !5 r/5!0 34 !f!r/ 1e &i!7! +*itic/ şi !5 i)4*r!t re!it/7ie şite'4icie +*itice Cei 5!i 5u7i 1i4tre +riete4ii şi c*e)ii 5ei !u &*t!t +e4tru 34t3i! *!r/ 34 &i!7! *r ! +ei0citu 1i4 "#68 +e4tru c/ !u f*0t for&a&i 0/ * f!c/ O !0e5e4e! 1et!ş!re 1e re!it!te! +*itic/ ec'i&!e!/!+r*!+e cu * c!re47/ 5*r!/ şi e! ! f*0t +/tit/, cu &3rf şi 341e0!t, 34 !4ii trişti şi )rei c!re !u ur5!t Or*!re! 1e +*itici!4i05 ! ti4erei )e4er!7ii ! c*41u0 f!t! ! 1eiit!te! i1e**)ic/ şi 5*r!/ ! tutur*r f*r5!7iu4i*r +*iticeeHi0te4te, c!re=şi !&e!u, !1ic/, r/1/ci4ie 5!i 5ut 0!u 5!i +u7i4 !134ci 34 i0t*ri! 5*1er4/ ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0ce 34t35+/, 340/, !0t/i, u4 ucru +e c!re u4ii 3 +re&/u0er/ 5!i 1e 5utF +*itic! ti41e 0/ 1e&i4/, 34 534!*&iete*r, +e 1e * +!rte * i1e**)ie 0ect!r/, f!4!tic/ şi c*41uc341 1e=! 1re+tu ! r/*iu rei)i*0, +e 1e !t/



+!rte, * te'4ic/ f*!rte c*5+eH/, i5+i=c341 u4 4u5/r i4fi4it 1e c*5+ete47e, 1e ! uci1! !4!i/ ec*4*=5ic*0*ci!=+*itic/ ! u4ei 0itu!7ii i0t*rice 1!te, +34/ ! ştii47! !)it!7iei 34tr=u4 0ect*r 1e ui4/ C*4&i4şi c/i0t*ri! e 1e +!rte! *r şi c/ ei !u 1!t*ri! 0/ f!c/ i0t*ri!, c*5u4iştii +r*ce1e!/, cu uci1it!te şi c'iui47/, !!ce! f!4t!0tic/ 5işc!re 1e cucerire şi tr!40f*r5!re ! +!4etei, !e c/rei +ri5e reut!te e cu4*0c, 1i4 4efericire,t*7i cei 1e 1i4c** 1e +er1e!u! 1e fier Ace0tei +*itici 1i!*ice 4u 0e +*!te r/0+u41e 4u5!i cu * rei0te47/ +!0i&/, fie e! 34te5ei!t/ +e ce! 5!i +ur/ 5*r!/ şi rei)ieG 34 i0t*rie, "ic et nune, 4ici 5*r!!, 4ici rei)i! creşti4/

4u şi=! u!t 4ici*1!t/ !4)!!5e4=/B;tu 0/ !0i)ure &ict*ri! u4ui c*ecti& istoric+ Creşti4i05u 4e !0i)ur/ 534tuire! c! indivi)i, fiec!re 34 +!rteG e 4e +*!te !+/r! c'i!r 34 34&/5/şe!! i0t*riei, 34 0e40u 34 c!re * ru)/ciu4e +*!te !+/r! +e u4 creşti4 34tr=u4 *5!r1!5e4t 1!r, ce +u7i4 1e*c!51!t/, c3t 5!i 1ure!/ 34c/ u5e! i0t*ric/, ru)/ciu4ie 4u &*r 35+ie1ic!u4 *5!r1!5e4t 0/ 0e efectueeA0t! 340e!54/ c/ u4ei +*itici 1i!*ice * c*ecti&it!te treuie 0/=i r/0+u41/, 34 !f!r/ 1e +r*+riie ei '!ri05e,cu * politic$+ 340e!54/ c/, &r341, 4e&r341, +e4tru ! +ute! 0u+r!&ie7ui 34 34ceşt!re! 1e 53i4e, treuie 0/=7i cu4*şti1uş5!4u, 0/=i cu4*şti !r5ee şi 0/ ştii 0/ te !+eri 340e54e!/, i!r/şi, c/ !+/r!re! 1re+turi*r şi +re0ti)iuui 7/rii4u 5!i +*!te fi /0!t/ !ş! cu5 ! +utut fi /0!t/, !5 &/ut cu ce +re7, !cu5 2$=6$ 1e !4i +e 534! u4*r*!5e4i c!re 0e 4u5e0c +*iticie4i 4u +e4tru c/ şi=!u 34c'i4!t &i!7! !rtei şi te'4icii +*itice, ci +e4tru c/, 345!*rit!te! *r, !u !+uc!t 0/ f!c/ +*tic/ şi !u &/ut c/ e 5er)e i4e 34 uti5/ i40t!47/, 340e54e!/ c/!0*ut fiec!re cet/7e!4 treuie 0/ !u4)/, +ri4 +r*+riie ui 0f*r7/ri, ! * conştiin&$ politic$, !1ic/ ! * 347ee)ere

t*t!/ ! 5*5e4tuui 0/u i0t*ric, 34t*&/r/şit/ 1e &*i47! 1e !=" f!ce c3t 5!i !1ec&!t 35+i4irii Bi4eui, A1e&/ruuişi Kru5*0uui, c! 0/ &*ri5 c! ! şc*!/u4te5, !0t/i, c3te&! eci 1e 5ii 1e r*5;4i 0c/+!7i 1i4 34c'i0*!re! Q/rii şi ri0i+i7i +e t*!t/ f!7! +/534tuui Cre1c/ u4u 1i4 5i*!cee cee 5!i 0i)ure 1e ! fi 1e f**0 4e!5uui, şi ceui ,1e !i şi ceui 1e 53i4e, !r fi 1e ! 34ce+e

s$ înv$&$m cu 03r)ui47/, cu 0eri*it!te, cu 34c/+/734!re 0/ 34&/7/5 ce 340e54e!/, ast$)i, +*itic! Nu ec'i!r !t3t 1e uş*r D!r 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 c/ cei 1i4 Q!r/ 0u+*rt/ i4ic c3te&! ce!0uri 1e 5!rHi05=e4i4i05 / 4e!5i4ti5 c/ ti4eretu 4*0tru e0te f*r5!t ! şc*!! 5!rHi05uui şi c/ 4u 0e &! /0! 34t*t1e!u4! !t3t 1e uş*r 1ec*4&i40 1e u4 *+*4e4t c!re i)4*r/ +34/ şi !ece1!ru 5!rHi05uui Treuie 0/ 34&/7/5 5!rHi05=e4i4i05u, !ş!cu5 3 34&!7/ şi cei 1i4 7!r/G 4*i !&e5 iert!te! 1e !=" u1ec! !ş! cu5 e, 1!r 4u5!i 1u+/ ce =!i cu4*0cut ştiicu5 0/=i &*reşti cui&! c!re "=! 34&/7!t +e 1e r*0t i, 34 !f!r/ 1e !0t!, treuie cercet!te cee!te 1*ctri4e +*itice, 34&/7!t/ i0t*ri! +!rti1e*r eur*+e4e, 0tu1i!t/ 1e5*cr!7i! 4*r1=!5eric!4/ Treuie, 5!i !e0, 0/ 4ei4f*r5/5 1e0+re i0t*ri! şi 0itu!7i! !ctu!/ ! Orie4tuui A+r*+i!t şi ! EHtre5uui Orie4t A0i! rei4tr/ 34 i0t*rie, şife4*5e4u !ce0t! !r +ute! 0c'i5! f!7! u5ii

/B< N*i, &eci4ii Orie4tuui şi 5*şte4it*rii u4ei ci&ii/rii !r'!ice 0u4te5 34 +ri5u r341 *i)!7i 0/ şti5 ce 0e34t35+/ 34 +re!5c 4*!0tr/Treuie 0/ 34&/7/5 t*!te !ce0te!, 0/ e )341i5, 0/ e !0i5i/5, +e4tru c! 0/ 4e +re)/ti5 +e4tru iu! 1e 53i4eKiec!re 1i4tre 4*i, *ric!re i=!r fi !+titu1i4ie şi 5e0eri!, treuie 0/=şi 0!crifice * +!rte 1i4 ti5+u şi f*r7ee ui c!0/ i!0/ 1i4 1iet!4ti05u 0!u 0*itu1i4e! r*5!4tic/ 34 c!re =!u 7i4ut, 34 !4ii u4i 1i4 7!r/, *r*!re! 1e +*iti=ci!4i05 C! 0/ 4e 1e/r/5 1e !ce0t c*5+eH 1e i4feri*rit!te, 4u !&e5 1ec3t 0/ reciti5 +e P!t* 0!u +e Tit=Li&iuV*5 )/0i !c** 1e0tue +i1e 1e 5!ri *!5e4i +*itici c/r*r! politica 4u e=! 534c!t c!+u0îndreptar, "#>".

JIJLI@*!' E#EI 3WI%*#(I'LI%*: Pu7i4i !ut*ri 0e +*t /u1! c/ şi=!u tr/it *+er! 34!i4te 1e ! fi 0cri0=*, cu !cee!şi i4te40it!te cu c!re şi=! tr/it=*hiere)!!r1 Vi!7! ui e 0/r!c/ 34 e&e4i5e4te (e0te5u t!t/uiG cutre5uru 1e +/534tG Re)i4! O0e4G!orsarul G u+t! c*4tr! Bi0ericii., 1!r 1e * !5e7it*!re *)/7ie 1e ci+e hiere)!!r1 ! tr/it c! 4i5e4i !tu

fiec!re ci+/ ! &ie7ii ui, e=! tr/it cu * !tr*ce i4te40it!te, i0t*&i41u=e N=! f*0t ce!0 +e c!re 0/=I fi +ier1ut, 4=!f*0t 34t35+!re +e c!re 0/ 4=* fi 34cru0t!t, +34/ 34 cee 5!i 5ici !5/4u4te, 34 !5i4tire, retr/i41=* !+*i 4ec*4te4it,rei4ter+ret341=*, 1e0uşi41u=i re&e!7iie 0!u cerce=t341u=i 1e4/1/1uit 1urerie D!c/ eHi0te47i!i05u şi=!1*341it !0t/i u4 *c !f3t 1e i5+*rt!4t 34 fi**fie, 0e 1!t*reşte 3' +!rte !ute4ticit/7ii şi i4te40it/7ii cu c!rehiere)!!r1 şi=! tr/it &i!7! şi şi=! 34te5ei!t fi**fi! +e !ce!0t/ tr/ireT*c5!i 34 e)/tur/ cu !ute4ticit!te! +!tetic/ şi 1i4c** 1e *rice /4ui!/ ! 34tre)ii ui *+ere, &re!u 0/ !5i4te0c c/*ere4 hiere)!!r1 er! u4 /r!t f*!rte 34&/7!t, c!re cite! 5ereu, c!re cite! f*!rte 5ute ucruri, şi c!re !5*!rte! ui 1eci, ! <2 1e !4i ! /0!t * ii*tec/ 1e 2" "#% &*u5e, 5!*rit!te! fii41 !c/tuit/ 1i4 0crierirei)i*!0e, fi**fice, iter!re, critice şi f*c*rice D*u/eci şi u4! 1e 5ii 1e &*u5e recu4*!şte7i c/ 4u &=!7i!şte+t!t 0/ e 3't34i7i 34 ii*tec! ceui 5!i eHi0te47i! şi ceui 5!i !ut*i*)r!fic 1i4tre 0criit*rii 0ec*uui !gDC=e! Ce&! 5!i 5utF hiere)!!r1 cite!/BC 5ereu c! 0/=şi 0ti5uee +r*1uc7i!, 0/=i !cceeree rit5u şi 0;=i +ri5e4e!0c/ 0u0t!47! Lecturie 1e t*t feu 4uer!u, +e4tru e, * *1i'4/ 0!u * e&!1!re 1i4 +r*+ri! ui +r*e5!tic/, ci, 34 +ri5u r341, * 5u4c/ 4ece0!r/ cre!7iei,* *+er!7ie 1e !0i5i!re şi ei5i4!re hiere)!!r1 4u 4u5!i c/ )341e! ceti41 ci era, 1e&e4e! el însuşi !/turi 1e



)341urie, eH+erie47ee 0!u f!+tee !t*r! I5e40ee ui ecturi 3 +r*&*c!u, 3 eH!0+er!u 1!r şi 3 35*)/7e!uGce&! 5!i 5ut, 3i i5+ee!u 1ru5u c/tre e 340uşi, 3 !ut!u 0/ 0e )/0e!0c/, 0/ 0e 347ee!)/, 0/ 0e cu+ri41/hiere)!!r1 ! &3rit * 0e!5/ 1e fu)ere 35+*tri&! fi**fiei 0+ecu!ti&e şi ! cuturii 34 )e4er! 1!r şi u4! şi!t! =!u !ut!t 0/ eHi0te, 0/ tr/i!0c/, !ş! cu5 &*i! e, ci+! 0!u +!r!1*Hu i c'i!r 1!c/ !fir5!7iie !ce0te!!r fi +u0e ! 341*i!/ 1e iere)!!r1ie4i, 4u e 5!i +u7i4 !1e&/r!t c/ *+er! ui 0cri0/ 1!t*reşte, 1u+/ +r*+riie 0!e5/rturi0iri, 1e0tu 1e 5ut ce*r 2" "#% &*u5e +e c!re e=! cu5+/r!t, e=! +/0tr!t, e=! cetit, e=! r/0f*it, e=!

!14*t!tG c!re, 34tr=u4 cu&34t, =!u 4utrit şi !u c*4triuit, fiec!re 1u+/ +uti47! ui, ! ri1ic!re! 5*4u5e4tuui ceui5!i terii eHi0te47i!i0tcriu 4*t! !ce!0t! cu * 4e0f3rşit/ 1eect!re 34t*t1e!u4! !5 creut, şi !5 5/rturi0it=* 1e 4e4u5/r!te *ri, c/)e4iu 4u !re 4i5ic 1e=! f!ce cu cutur! 0!u i4cutur!, c/ u4 )e4iu +*!te citi * 0ut/ 1e 5ii 1e &*u5e f/r/ 0/=şiştire!0c/ !ute4ticit!te!, c/ * ectur/ 5!0i&/ +*!te 0terii! u4 5e1i*cru şi +*!te +!r!i! f*r7ee cre!t*!re !eu4ui 0criit*r *!rec!re, 1!r 34 4ici u4 c! 4u +*!te !1uter! i&*ru cre!t*r ! u4ui )e4iu Cu5 0+u4e 34tr=u4 *chiere)!!r1, )e4iu e0te c! furtu4!F !e!r)/ c*4tr! &34tuui Ce=" +*t 0tric!, ui, c/r7ie !t*r!, i1eie !t*r!,eH+erie47ee, eHicu 0!u *0e0iie !t*r!^ E 3şi i5+u4e &iiu4e! ui, i4!ter!i/, *ric3te !r)u5e4te şi c*4tr!=!r)u5e4te i=!r fi trecut c341&! +ri4 c!+ terii!re! +ri4 cutur/ 0!u i0t*&ire! !ute4ticit/7ii +ri4tr=u4 4u5/rc*40i1er!i 1e ecturi 4u 1*&e1eşte !tce&! 1ec3t 5*1e0tee re0ur0e !e ceui c!re ! !&ut i5+ru1e47! 0/ i! 340eri*0 cutur! Nu eHi0t/ f*r7/ 0+iritu!/ c!re 0/ f!c/ 4e+uti4ci*0 u4 )e4iu, c!re 0/ 0ece u4 i&*r cre!t*r D!c/i&*ru ! 0ec!t +r*!i, 4u ! 2" "#% 1e &*u5e, ci ! +ri5ee " "#% 0i4)ur! c*4cuie +e c!re !&e51re+tu 0=* tr!)e5 e0te c/ i&*ru er! +u7i4te şi *ri)i4!it!te! !ut*ruui 4u5!i * !+!re47/ Nu ii*tec! "=!

f/cut +e A4!t*e Kr!4ce u4 e+i)*4, ci +r*+riu 0/u 5*1 1e ! fi D!4te şi R!e!i0 3şi !0i5i!0er/ 34tre!)! cutur/! ti5+uri*r *r şi Du54eeu ştie ce 5!0i&/, i41i)e0t/ şi &!0t/ er! şi 4=!u +ier1ut 4i5ic 1i4 +r*+ri!/BF *r *ri)i4!it!te şi f*r7/ cre!t*!re I!r Mi'!i E5i4e0cu, 1!c/ !r fi !&ut 34c/ ece, ci4ci0+reece !4i 1e &i!7/5e4t!/ 4*r5!/, !r fi !u40 ce 5!i 34&/7!t 1i4tre r*5;4i (şi 4u e +u7i4 0+u0, +e4tru c/ tr/i!u, +e !tu4ci, :4@!01eu, u4 O1*e0cu.D!r, c! 0/ 4e re34t*!rce5 ! *ere4 hiere)!!r1, eHe5+u ui e0te 34c/ şi 5!i &*rit*r Pe4tru c/ e 4=! f/cut4ici iter!tur/, 4ici fi**fie, 34 0e40u cure4t ! cu&34tuuiG e ! 1e0c*+erit 0ec*uui ! gg=e! !ute4ticit!te!, +!r!1*Hu, !0ur1u E ! &*rit !+r*!+e eHcu0i& 1e0+re 0i4e, 1e0+re Re)i4! O0e4 şi 1e0+re Du54eeu Arefu!t cutur! A &*it 0/ fie 0i4)ur cu 1e0ti4u 0/u 34 f!7! eter4it/7ii E0te !ut*ru ce 5!i +er0*4!, ce 5!i!ut*4*5, cu cee 5!i 5ute 341r/4ei i cu t*!te !ce0te!,!&e! !/turi 1e e 2" "#% &*u5e Nu &/ 5!i 0+eri!7i 1e)e!! 1e c/r7i Ee 4u f!c r/u 1ec3t ce*r 4e+uti4ci*şi Ee 4u 0teriie!/ 1ec3t +e cei c!re4u +*t cre! 4i5ic &iu

0!aetedeor, "#>".!@#*MP@R'#II LEI 7IR7>''R Nu cu4*0c 1!4e! şi c! !t!re 4u !5 !cce0 ! 0crierie +uic!te 34 !ce!0t/ i5/ 1ec3t 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re ee !uf*0t tr!1u0e C! t*!t/ u5e!, !5 cetit şi eu +e *ere4 hiere)!!r1, şi !5 cetit * 0u5/ 1e ucr/ri !0u+r! e+*cii,&ie7ii şi *+erei !ce0tui +r*1i)i*0 1!4e, 35i 0+u4 c/ +ri4tre c*4te5+*r!4ii ui !u f*0t *!5e4i c!re !u 0cri0 şi +uic!t c/r7i, cu )341u 1e ! fi ceti7i 5ut/ &re5e 1u+/ 5*!rte! *r şi ! fi cu4*0cu7i 1i4c** 1e '*t!ree 7/rii *r(+er!47/ f*!rte e)iti5/, 1e !tfe. Au f*0t, 1e !0e5e4e!, i0t*rici, fi**fi şi te**)i c!re !u creut 34 *+eree*r, c!re !u 4/1/1uit c/ D!4e5!rc!, şi +*!te şi !te 7/ri, &*r 7i4e 0e!5! 1e r*1u 5u4cii şi )341urie *r De0+ret*7i !ceşti c*4te5+*r!4i !i ui hiere)!!r1, 4*i, cei c!re 4u cu4*!şte5 i5! 1!4e/, 4u şti5 4i5ic D*!r 1!c/!5 cetit, 34 c*+i/rie, u4ee +*&eşti !e ui A41er0e4 I!r, !cu5 34 ur5/, P@ Ti00e!u, tr!1uc/t*ru uihiere)!!r1, 0=! 341ur!t 0/ t/5/ce!0c/ şi Le Paste de Veilby ! ui Bic'er Ce0 4*u&ee0 ut!41!i0e0, 0+u4e!4u47u 1e ir/rie, 1u4 c*4teur 1!4*i0 c*4te5+*r!i4 1A41er0e4 et 1e hiere)!!r1 f*4t 5ieuH c*5+re41re!t5*0+'ere *u !i)4e e4 +;rtie *eu&re 1e hiere=

/B)!!r1" /r5!4u !ut*r, 3şi 1!t*reşte tr!1ucere! 34 fr!7ueşte 4u5!i +e4tru c/ *+er! ui f**0eşte ! 347ee)ere!!t5*0ferei 0crieri*r ui hiere)!!r1 Pr*!i c/ 4=!r fi !&ut 4*r*cu !ce0t!, 1!c/ 4=!r fi eHi0t!t, 1e &re* 2$ 1e!4i 34c*!ce, * !1e&/r!t/ 5*1/ iere)!!r1i!4/M/ )341e0c ! t*7i !cei 0criit*ri, critici, fi**fi, i0t*rici şi te**)i c!re, 1eşi c*4te5+*r!4i cu hiere)!!r1, 4=!u!&ut 4ici re!7ii 1e c!5!r!1erie cu e, 4ici 4u i=!u c*5e4t!t 0crierie, 4ici 5/c!r 4u =!u !t!c!t P*!te 4i5e4i 4u5!i ştie 1e ei !0t/i 34 D!4e5!rc! 34 *rice c!, 4*i, ceşti!7i, 4u şti5 G ,4u &*5 şti 4ici*=J!t/ 4i5ic 1e0+re!ceşti *!5e4i c!re !r 1it, 5u4cit, !u 0cri0, cu )341u 0/ 0u+r!&ie7ui!0c/ 5*r7ii *riYfeiceI4 0c'i5, cu c3t/ +!0iu4e ceti5 ce 5!i 5/ru4t e+i0*1 34 e)/tur/ cu &i!7! şi *+er! ui hiere)!!r1 i, cu !ce0t +rie, c3te 4u5e 4*i 4u 34&/7/5 Nu 5!i &*re0c 1e 4efericit! *)*14ic/ ! ui *ere4 Nu5ee Re)i4ei O0e4e0te !0t/i t*t !t3t 1e cu4*0cut c! ! L!urei ui Petr!rc! şi Be!tricei ui D!4te Nu 5!i &*re0c 1e u4 M!rte40e4,ceeru hL M!rte40e4, cit!t 34 *rice +ref!7/, *rice 0tu1iu, *rice tr!1ucere ! u4ui teHt iere)!!r1i!4 şi c!re!r fi f*0t cu 1e0/&3rşire uit!t, c'i!r 34 D!4e5!rc!, 1!c/ 4=!r fi !&ut 5!ree 4*r*c 0/ fie !t!c!t 1e *ere4 Ci4e !r5!i şti !0t/i c/ !ce0t +ri&!t=1*ce4t ! +uic!t 34 "8<# 5ut !şte+t!t! ui ogmatic$, 34 c!re 'e)ei!4i05u e0te35+/c!t 1efi4iti& cu creşti4i05u etc, etc^ D!r *ere4 ! 1ec!r!t c/ 0i4)uru 5erit ştii47ific ! !ce0tei ogmatici



e0te 35+/r7ire! ei 34 +!r!)r!fe şi * !0e5e4e! *+i4ie, c*4fir5!t/ 1e !tfe 1e * 0erie 1e !uii şi !t!curi 1i4 +!rte! fu)*0uui +*e5i0t, 3i !0i)ur/ ui @L M!rte40e4 u4 *c c*4&e4!i 34 *rice 0=! 0cri0, 0e 0crie şi 0e &! 0crie1e !ici 34!i4te !0u+r! &ie7ii, *+erei şi e+*cii ui hiere)!!r1 E0te +r*!i c/ +*etu fi**f P*u M*er0u+r!&ie7uieşte +ri4 +r*+ri! ui *+er/ 34 D!4e5!rc! D!r e 0i)ur c/ şi *+er! ui ! c3şti)!t e4*r5 34 !ctu!it!te1!t*rit/ +riete4iei +e c!re M*er ! !&ut=* +e4tru *ere4 34 0c'i5 c37i !7i 4ecu4*0cu7i, 5/ru47i *!5e4i 1e itere0!u 0i5+i +!rticu!ri 4u 0u4t !1uşi ! i&e!/, +34/ 34 cee 5!i 4e340e54!te !5/4u4te !e i*)r!fiei *r, c! 0/

u5i4ee u4 e+i0*1 1i4 &i!7! ui hiere)!!r1, 0!u 0/ eH+icitee u4 teHt c*4tr*&er0!t ti5, !0tfe, 1e +!0t*rue1i4), 1i4 Vi*r), c!re, 34 1*u/ 0cri0*ri !e 0!e, !" Ace0te 4u&ee iut!41ee, !e u4ui +*&e0tit*r 1!4e c*4te5+*r!4 cu A41er0e4 şi cu hiere)!!r1, 4e f!c 0/ 347ee)e5 5!i i4e !t5*0fer! 34 c!re +uteşte * +!rte 1i4 *+er! ui hiere)!!r1 ( #+ red+2/BA&*rit 1e0+re 5i0teri*!0! +e4u5r/ 1e !u0terit!te şi i!rerie 1 c!0ei +/ri4teşti ! ui *ere4 ti5 1e +r*fe0*ruui 1e !ti4/ Mi!e Nie0e4, c!re ! !&ut 4*r*cu 0/=şi 1e! +/rere! !0u+r! şc*!rit/7ii şi te5+er!5e4tuui&iit*ruui 5!re !ut*r ti5 1e @!40 Br*c'4er, c!re, &/341u=" +e4tru +ri5! *!r/ 34 "86-, "=! u!t ! 34ce+ut1re+t u4 c*5i0=&*i!*r ti5 1e0+re )!1ee ui, 1e0+re A0*ci!7i! 0tu1e47e!0c/ 34 c!re er! 5e5ru, 1e0+re1!t*riie ui ! c!fe4e! etc şi şti5 t*!te !ce0te! 34 c'i+ !5/4u47it, cu 4u5e, +*rtrete, 1*cu5e4te etc (Nu ecite, +e4tru c/ !r *cu+! +re! 5ute +!)i4i. ti5, u4/*!r/, 1e I0r!e Le&i4, c!re ! f*0t * &re5e 0ecret!ru uihiere)!!r1, şi c!re 4e=! tr!405i0, 34tre !tee, 5e4iu 5!e0truui (0u+/ f*!rte )r!0/, +eşte şi * uc!t/ 1e +e+e4ecu u4 +!'!r 1e eHcee4t 0'err., te5+er!tur! 1i4 *1!i! ui 1e ucru ("6 6< R!u5urG 1!c/ 4u er! c*40t!4t/, 4u

+ute! ucr!. şi !te 0!&ur*!0e !5/4u4teF u4/*!r/ c/ 4u 0e +i5! 4ici*1!t/ ! 0*!re, c/ !'!r4i7! er! u5+ut/ 34fiec!re i, c/ 34tr=u4 1u!+ er!u "$$ 1e ceşti 1e c!fe!, 1!r 4u5!i c3te 1*u/ 1e !ce!şi fe, şi c/ 34 fiec!re i I0r!eLe&i4 treui! 0/ !e!)/ ceştie +e4tru c!fe!u! 1i4 iu! !cee!, eH+ic341 34 !ce!şi ti5+ de ce e=! !e0 +e ee şi 4u!tee etc I0r!e Le&i4 0e ucur/, 1e !tfe, 1e u4 *c 340e54!t 34 i0t*ri*)r!fi! iere)!!r1i!4/, +e4tru c/ 4e=!tr!405i0 4e4u5/r!te i4f*r5!7ii +reci0e i 0/ 4u &/ 34c'i+ui7i c/ 4u5ee !ce0te! 1i4 c!re 4u !5 cit!t 1ec3tc3te&!, 4u5/ru *r fii41 c*40i1er!i circu/ 4u5!i 34 i*)r!fiie eH'!u0ti&e 0!u 34 0tu1iie 1e !5/4u4t NuGt*!te e &e7i )/0i !c** u41e e=!5 )/0it şi eu, 34 eHcee4t! 5*4*)r!fie ! Iui T*r0t*4 B*'i4, %oeren 7ier8egaard(tr!1 1i4 0ue1e/ 1e Ti00e!u, "#<"., c!re r/534e 1e*c!51!t/ ce! 5!i u4/ c!rte 1e !40!5u !0u+r! *5uui şi*+erei C!rte! ! f*0t tr!1u0/ 34 fr!4ce/, )er5!4/, fi4!41e/ şi &! fi 1!c/ 4u cu5&! ! şi f*0t tr!1u0/ 34!te i5i P!0t*ru e1i4) şi cei!7i şi 0u4t 1e0tui &*r fi cu4*0cu7i 1e eci 1e 5ii 1e cetit*ri eur*+e4iDi4 D!4e5!rc! !4i*r "8"6="8>>, c341 ! tr/it *ere4 hiere)!!r1, +uicu eur*+e!4 &! !f! * 0e!5/ 1e ucrurii4tere0!4te şi &! 34&/7! * 0e!5/ 1e 4u5e, t*!te 34 e)/tur/ cu *)*14icu Re)i4ei O0e4 i c341 0+u4 &! 34&/7!* 0e!5/ 1e 4u5e, 4u eH!)ere 1e*c :4 iere)!!r1i!4 34ce+/t*r 0e recu4*!şte 1!c/ ştie ci4e ! f*0t @L

M!rte40e4, e+i0c*+u M40ter şi !orsarul+ i 1u+/ cu5 &/ &*reşte 1e P*u M*er, Kr C'r ier4, I0r!eLe&i4 şi cei!7i +ute7i 1i0cer4e 0eri*it!te! cu c!re şi=! !0i5i!t *+er! 5!e0truui (Pe4tru c/ *+er!, 34 c!uui hiere)!!r1, e0te i41i0*=//Bci!i/ 1e &i!7! uiG şi 1!c/ 4u cu4*şti *)*14! cu Re)i4! O0e4, !t!curie !orsarului, +*e5ic! 35+*tri&! uiM!rte40e4 etc, 4u 347ee)i 4i5ic 1i4 )341ire! ui.criu t*!te !ce0te! f/i; 4ici * i4te47ie ir*4ic/, +e4tru c/ 0*c*te0c i4e5erit!t/ )*ri! +*0tu5/ 1e c!re 0e ucur/!cei 1i4tre c*4te5+*r!4i c!re !u !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ !ti4)/, 34tr=u4 fe 0!u !tu, tr!iect*ri! &ie7ii ui hiere)!!r1 34f*41, *5u !ce0t! ! f*0t u4 )e4iu, şi )e4iu !re 1re+tu 0/ c*4fere 4e5urire! ce*r c!re =!u iuit 0!u =!u ur3t,=!u !15ir!t 0!u =!u 1ete0t!tG * 4e5urire +*iti&/ 0!u 4e)!ti&/, 0e 347ee)e (V!i 1e ietu M *10c'5i1t,re1!ct*ru !orsaruluil , Nu5ee ui &! fi 4ec*4te4it 5e47i*4!t şi 34 ce c*4teHte, c3t ti5+ &! eHi0t! hiere)!!r134 cutur! eur*+e!4/, şi 0e &*r 0crie !rtic*e şi c/r7i !0u+r! ui. E0te 0i4)ur! r/u4!re ! )e4ii*r 35+*tri&!efe5ere*r 4*t*riet/7i !e i0t*riei c*4te5+*r!4e L/0341 0/ c!1/, cu5 0e 0+u4e, &/u uit/rii !0u+r! 5/ri5i*r

*fici!e şi 0e5i=*fici!e, 34)r*+341 cu i41ifere47/ )*riie re1!c7ii*r, ir/rii*r, c!fe4ee*r şi !c!1e5ii*rc*4te5+*r!4e u4 )e4iu !re !ce!0t/ +utere 1e ! u! cu e 34 i0t*rie u4 4u5/r *!rec!re 1e +er0*!4e, !e0e 1e1e0ti4u ui 0!u 34c/+/734!re! *r (c!u 4efericituui *10c'5i1t. E0te, f/r/ 341*i!/, u4 ucru i4e 5erit!tD!r, +ri&i41 1i4tr=!t u4)'i 1e &e1ere, c3t/ 4e1re+t!te C3t/ 4e1re+t!te c! t*7i ect*rii 4e1!4ei !i ui hiere)!!r10/ ştie !t3te! ucruri 1e0+re u4 P*u M*er, M!rte40e4 0!u @!40 Br*c'4er 0/ ştie, 34 +ri5u r341, c$ e-ist$ şi !t37i! !7i 0criit*ri, fi**fi, i0t*rici şi te**)i c*4te5+*r!4i ui hiere)!!r1 0/ fie c*41!54!7i ! uit!re!1efi4iti&/, 4u5!i +e4tru c/ 4iH=!u 34t34it, 0!u 4u =!u cetit cu5 treue, 0!u !u r/5!0 i41ifere47i, 0!u 4=!u !&utcur!u 0/=" !t!ce A1ic/, cu5^ Orice cetit*r 0/ !fe, 1i4 +ri5u !rtic* +ri4 c!re i! c*4t!ct cii &i!7! şi *+er! uihiere)!!r1, 1e u4 M!rte40e4 0!u 1e u4 *10c'5i1t şi 0/r5!4u +*&e0tit*r Bic'er 0/ fie tr!1u0 34fr!47ueşte !i! 34 "#<", 0/ fie tr!1u0 4u5!i +e4tru c/ +*&eştie ui f!c 0/ 0e 347ee!)/ 5!i i4e ,<!t'5*0+ere *u !i)4e e4 +;rtie *eu&re 1e hiere)!!r1, şi 0/ rişte 0/ r/534/ 345*r53't!t c'i!r 1u+/ ce ! !&ut +!rte 1e u4!0e5e4e! 4*r*c^ (C/ci, &e1e7i, e &*r! 1*!r 1e !t5*0fer/ şi 1*!r 1e +!rte 1i4 *+er! ui hiere)!!r1 A',1!c/ !r fi f*0t !ce0t Bic'er c*4fi1e4tu ui hiere)!!r1, 0!u !1&er0!ru ui, !t! i=!r fi f*0t 1e0i)ur 0*!rt!.

M/ )341e0c c/ 1!c/, +ri4 !0ur1, !ut*rii c*4te5+*r!4i ui hiere)!!r1 +*e7ii, r*5!4cierii, 1r!5!tur)ii,criticii, fi**fii, te**)ii, i0t*ricii !r +ute! re&e4i !0t/i 34 u5e, şi !r +ri&i ce 0e +uic/ 34 D!4e5!rc! şi ce



4u5e 1!4ee circu/ 34 c/r7ie şi 0tu1iie ti+/rite34 cee!te i5i eur*+e4e, !r fi c*40ter4!7i L! !0t! 0=! re1u0 ef*rtu *r cre!t*r^ De !cee! !u 34&/7!t, !u 0cri0,!u cre!t ei c! +uicu eur*+e!4 0/ !fe 1e ogmatica ui M!rte40e4 şi !orsarul 0/ fie 34c/ !t3t 1e !ctu!^ $!4u5it/ D!4e5!rc/ e0te, +e4tru 4*i t*7i, 4e&er*0i5i 1e &ieF !ce! c!re 0e re1uce ! +riete4ii, 1uş5!4ii,*)*14ic! şi f!5ii! ui hiere)!!r1 Re0tu, 3 i)4*r/5G şi c'i!r 1!c/ 0=!r +uic! i5e40e 5*4*)r!fii !0u+r!!ce0tei D!4e5!rc! "8"6="8>2, 4u e=!5 cetiG !5 +refer! 0/ ceti5, u4/*!r/, %oeren 7ier8egaard ogPengene

0%+7+ şi banii2, ! ui K Br!41t 34 c!re 0u4t e1it!te +34/ şi c*4turie ui 1e ! c!fe4e!G şi, f/r/ 341*i!/, c3'1!ce!0t/, 0e +!re, fu41!5e4t!/ 5*4*)r!fie &! 1e&e4i !cce0ii/ 34tr=* tr!1ucere, 0ucce0u ei 4u &! 0ur+ri41e +e4i5e4iD!r, 0/ recu4*!şte5, 1i4 +u4ctu 1e &e1ere ! !ut*ri*r 1!4ei c!re 4=!u !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ !ti4)/ 1e0ti4u uihiere)!!r1, e0te * 5!re 4e1re+t!te E0te 4e1re+t, 4u c! ei 0/ fie uit!7i, i!r hiere)!!r1 0/ fie tr!1u0 +34/ şi 34i5! !4!5it/G ucru !ce0t! şr! 1e !şte+t!t, +e4tru c/ )e4iu şi tr!)e1ie ! !&ut, 1i4 eşu), 4u5!i e D!r e0te4e1re+t c! ei 0/ fie uit!7i 34 D!4e5!rc!, şi ine-isten&i m re0tu u5ii i!r 34 t*!te i5ie +/53'tuui 0/ 0e +*!t/ceri c/, +e +!tu 0/u 1e 5*!rte, P*u M*er ! 0!u!t +e hiere)!!r1 +ri4 c*e)u 0/u i*5, 0!u c/ ogmaticaui M!rte40e4 ! !+/rut 34 "8<#, er! 35+/r7it/ 34 +!r!)r!fe şi 34cerc! 35+/c!re! 'e)ei!4i05uui cu creşti4i05uD!r 4*i 0u4te5 5!i i4tere0!47i 1ec3t !ceşti! !r +ute! 0tri)! !ut*rii c*4te5+*r!4i ui hiere)!!r1 Recu4*!şte5c/ e, *ere4, 4e e 0u+eri*r Recu4*!şte5 c/ e !&e! )e4iu i!r 4*i !&e5 1*!r +*0iiit/7i iter!re şi *!rec!re!iit!te 0+ecu!ti&/ D!r, +e4tru Du54eeu, 4*i aveam ce&!, 34 *rice c! am fost ce&! 34 D!4e5!rc!, !5340e54!t ce&! 5!i 5ut 1ec3t M!rte40e4 0!u I0r!e Le&i4 E tri0t, 4u^ C!0c!e0, "#<>

0!aste de dor, "#>".*M I#I(I'*I! ŞI *M LI*R'R 34tr=* +!)i4/ 1i4 !omentarii la Legenda Meşterului Manole (+ "6#. 5e47i*4!5 34 tre!c/t 0e40u ritu! !0uferi47e*r +e c!re e 341ur/ +er0*4!)iie ce*r 5!i 1e 0e!5/ *+ere iter!re (:i0e,=Ae4e!0, P!r0if! etc. 341ru5u *r c/tre 7i4t/ Pr*e5!//S!ce!0t! 0e cu&i4e, fireşte, cercet!t/ +e 341eete, şi !0u+r! ei &*5 re&e4i cu !t +rie I4 4*t! 1e f!7/ 4e 5u7u5i5cu c3te&! /5uriri +rei5i4!riiAt3t 34 0*ciet/7ie 0ecrete +ri5iti&e, c3t şi 34 rei)iie !ş!=i0e 5i0terice (Eeu0i0, *rfi05u, 5i0teree ui Atti0,O0iri0, Mit'r!., i4i7iere! c*40t! 34tr=* 0erie 1e +r*e +e c!re treui! 0/ e tre!c/, &ict*ri*0, c!41i1!tu Nucu4*!şte5 1ec3t !+r*Hi5!ti& 5*rf**)i! !ce0t*r +r*e, 1!r ee i5+ic!u, f/r/ 341*i!/, !4u5ite *0t!c*e şi!4u5ite +ri5e1ii +e4tru c/ i4i7iere! 0e re1uce!, 1e f!+t, ! 5*!rte! şi 34&iere! 4e*fituui, !1ic/ ! t*t!! uire)e4er!re (4!ştere 1i4 4*u., i!r cere5*4i!u i4i7i!tic, fii41 * !4tici+!re ! 5*r7ii (t*c5!i +e4tru !=i +ute!

c*4ur! 1e0ti4u !4i'i!t*riu., treui! 0/ cu+ri41/ 0uferi47!, 1r!5!, !)*4i!, şi 0/ 0e 34c'eie 34 !+*te*! şi e!titu1i4e! 34&ierii C!5 t*t ce şti5 1e0+re cere5*4i!ee 5i0terice 1i4 !4tic'it!te! )rec*=*rie4t!/ c*4fir5/!ce!0t/ +re0u+u4ere 34 cee! ce +ri&eşte i4i7ierie +ri5iti&e c!re, e&i1e4t, ur5/re!u şi ee t*t * 4*u/ 4!ştere 0uferi47ee şi 34cerc/rie c!41i1!7i*r 0u4t 1i4 eşu) 1*cu5e4t!teI4i7i!tu, !ş!1!r, 0/&3rşe! * 0erie 1e rituri 0ecrete şi trece! +ri4tr=* 0e!5/ 1e +r*e I4i7iere! er! u4 1ru5 )reu, +i4 1e *0t!c*e 34t*c5!i cu5 er!u 1ru5urie +e c!re treui! 0/ e +!rcur)/ er*ii !4tic'it/7ii (u4 'i)!5eş,u4 @ercue, u4 Per0eu, u4 Te0eu etc. c! 0/ 1e&i4/ +r*+riu=i0 Er*iF * u4)/ şi !&e4tur*!0/ c//t*rie, +e0te 7/ri şi5/ri, +ri4 +u0tiet/7i 34tuite 1e 5*4ştri, ! c!+/tu c/rei! !&e! *c u+t! 1eci0i&/ cu !!uru +/it*r ! c*5*rii(34! 1e !ur, 5eree 1e !ur, A+! Vie7ii etc. :4 i4i7i!t i5it!, +e u4 4i&e 5!i 5*1e0t, 1ru5u şi u+t!Er*uui c*+u er! !ce!şiF 1*341ire! 4e5uririi Er*u 3şi cucere! * 4e5urire !+r*!+e 1i&i4/G i4i7i!tu 3şi!0i)ur! * 0*!rt/ *+ti5/ +*0t=5*rte5 (0u+r!&ie7uire! +er0*4!it/7ii i4te)r!e.Re7i4e5 1i4 !ce!0t/ 0u5!r/ c*5+!r!7ie c3te&! ee5e4teG 1ru5 )reu, 0e5/4!t 1e +ri5e1iiG 0uferi47ee şiri0curieG e!titu1i4e! fi4!/ 1e *r1i4 5et!fiic (0e cucere! 4e5urire!G 0e 5*1ific! e0e47i! 1e0ti4u 0ufetuui. i

*0er&/5 c/, 34 !f!r/ 1e cere5*4i!ee i4i7i!tice +r*+riu=i0e, !cte rei)i*!0e 5!i 0i5+e +re0u+u4 !ce!şi ucruF1ru5 )reu c/tre u4 ce4tru :4 +eeri4! e0te u4 !0e5e4e! 1ru5 )reu A0ce40iu4e! ritu!/ ! u4ui te5+u 0!ucircu5&*u7iu4e! ui (c! 34 I41i!., trecere! +ri4 !iri4t (34 u4ee ritu!e !r'!ice e)i+t*=5e1iter!4ee4e 0!u5e!4eie4eG 34 !4u5ite c!te1r!e 5e1ie&!e etc., !0ce40iu4e! u4ui 5u4te 0!cru t*!te//O!ce0te! 0e +*t re1uce cu * f*r5u/ 0u5!3/ ! drumul spre centru+ Ace0t 1ru5 0+re ce4tru e0te, 1e f!+t, trecere!1e ! *4! +r*f!4/ 34tr=* *4/ 0!cr/G tr!40!7i! 1e ! ire!it!te! &ie7ii i5e1i!te, ! re!it!te! !0*ut/G 1e I! iuieşi 1e&e4ire, ! *4ticG 1e ! u5!4it!te! 5urit*!re, ! 341u54eeire i !ce0t drum spre centru i5+ic/ 34t*t1e!u4!ef*rt, 0uferi47/, r/t/cireG 4u e0te 4ici*1!t/ u4 iti4er!riu f!ciG e0te * !0ce40iu4e (!0ce40iu4e 1ifici/, duro"ana20!u u4 +eeri4!, * circu5&*u7iu4e, * r/t/cire, 340*7it/ 34t*t1e!u4! 1e *0t!c*e, )reut/7i, i0+ite, u+te, 0+!i5eetc Pe u4 !t 4i&e 1ru5u 0+re ce4tru 0e re1uce ! 1ru5u c/tre 0i4e 340uşi, c/tre ce4tru +r*+riei 0!e fii47eG !ş!e, u4/*!r/, 34 !0ce! şi c*4te5+!7i! i41i!4/ (:+!4iş!1e, n*)! etc. D!r şi !ce0t 1ru5 c/tre 0i4e 340uşi e0te *!0ce40iu4e 1ifici/, * duro"ana, c/ci i5+ic/ u+t! cu i0+itee şi cu f*r7ee 0uc*4ştie4tuui, 1e0f!cere! 1eiuii, c*4ce4tr!re! 5!Hi5/ ! 0+irituui etc 34t*c5!i cu5 Te0eu +/tru41e cu 1ificut!te c/tre i4i5! !iri4tuuic! 0/ 34fru4te Mi4*t!uru, 34t*c5!i cu5 i4i7i!tu 34 5i0tere trece +ri4tr=* 0erie 1e +r*e, i!r cre1i4ci*0u urc/



!4e&*ie" ter!0ee te5+uui B!r!u1ur, 0!u!ce u4 u4) şi +e4ii +eeri4! c/tre * *4/ 0!cr/, c/tre u4 Ce4tru !u5ii (Mecc!, Ieru0!i5, @!r1&!r etc. t*t !ş! *)'i4u, 34 iti4er!riu ui 0+iritu!, 34t35+i4/ 5*4ştri +ec!re treuie 0/=i r/+u4/ (f*r7ee i**)ice şi 0uc*4ştie4te., trece +ri4 *4e 1eer=tice (1e0+er!re!, acetya2, urc/4ec*4te4it (0i5*i05u !0ce40iu4ii e0te u4 eit=5*ti& ! 5i0ticii u4i&er0!e., 7i4ti41 c/tre ce4tru, c/tre 0+iritu +ur 0=tman i1e4tific!t ui Jra"manpurus"a1 Is"vara2+ / *0er&/5 c/ er*ii şi 5!rie te5e !e iter!turiiu4i&er0!e 0e +*t re1uce 1e !0e5e4e! ! u4 0ce4!riu 0i5i!rF 1ru5uri )ree, r/t/ciriG u+t/ şi 1ificut/7iG t*!te

!ce0te!, cu 0c*+u 1e ! !u4)e ! 7i4t! +r*+u0/ Qi4t! c!re ec'i&!e!/ cu u4 ce4truG c! 0=* !ti4)/, er*u trece +ri4 t*!te +ri5e1iie, 341ur/ t*!te 0uferi47ee fiice 0!u 5*r!e O u4)/ r/t/cire, *)!t/ 34 +eri+e7ii şi 0uferi47e,e0te 34t*!rcere! ui :i0e 34 It!c!G 0!u u+tee şi 34cerc/rie ui Ae4e!0 R*5!4ee 5e1ie&!e 4u 0u4t !tce&! 1ec3t* &!0t/, 1r!5!tic/ 34şiruire 1e +r*e +e c!re Er*u e 34&i4)e c! 0/ !u4)/ 34 cee 1i4 ur5/ ! 7i4t/ (:4e*ri,cu5 e c!u r*5!4e*r 1i4 cicu r!!, 7i4t! !ce!0t! +rei4t/ 34 e! 340/şi 1!tee şi 0i5*i05u ce4truui.

ivina !omedie e0te * c**r3re 34 I4fe5 ur5!t/ 1e ,.!0ce40iu4e !i1*5! te5e*r i4i7i!tice c!0iceD!r 4u e 34t*t1e!u4! *i)!t*rie +ree47! 5*ti&e*r c//t*riei, ! !&e4turi*r şi r/t/ciri*r, ! +r*e*r şi5*4ştri*r,//; +e4tru ! +ute! *5**)! * *+er/ iter!r/ u4ui 1ru5 c/tre ce4tru De cee 5!i 5ute *ri 1ru5u !ce0t! e0tei4teri*ri!t !ş! cu5 0u4t i4teri*ri!te +r*ee !0cetuui i41i!4 0!u 1ificut/7ie 0u4t 1e u4 *r1i4 0trict5!teri! (ec*4*5ic, 0*ci!G u4/*!r/, 34 r*5!4ee ui B!!c şi te41'! etc. M!*rit!te! 1r!5e*r u4i&er0!e 0e +*t re1uce ! ur5/t*!re! 0c'e5/F u4 er*u 34t35+i4/ * 0e!5/ 1e )reut/7i şi 0ufer/ * 0e!5/ 1e c*4ficte, +r*&*c!te

1e 1e0ti4, 1e c*41i7i! i0t*ric/ 0!u +reu1ec/7ie 0*ci!e, 1e * ci*c4ire 34tre +!0iu4i 0!u i4tere0e etcG t*!te !ce0te!0u4t +r*ee +ri4 c!re e 4e&*it 0/ tre!c/ er*u +e4tru ! !u4)e ! 7i4t/F c!re +*!te fi realitatea 5et!fiic/,armonia i4teri*!r/, des$vîrşirea de sine etc E&i1e4t, 4u t*7i er*ii 1r!5ei u4i&er0!e 0u4t, *5e4eşte &*ri41,&ict*ri*şiG 1!r !+r*!+e t*7i 3şi 35+i4e0c +r*eeG 341ur/ * i4i7iere 34 0uferi47/, 34 5*!rte M*ti&u r/534e!ce!şiG * u4)/ u+t/ cu 1ificut/7ie i&ite 4ec*4te4it 34 c!e, u+t/ +ri4 c!re er*u 0e re&ee!/ tre+t!t 0ieşi,1*341i41 !0tfe fie * !r5*4ie /u4tric/, fie * cu4*!ştere 5!i +r*fu41/ ! re!it/7ii Dr!5! u4i&er0!/ c*41uce +eer*u ! cu4*!ştere! 1e 0i4e 340uşiG !1ic/, 3 05u)e 1i4 ire!it!te! &ie7ii !rtifici!e c*ti1ie4e, ! &ie7ii +r*f!4e (34ter5i4**)ie iere)!!r1i!4/F ! )e4er!uui, ! 4e!ute4ticuui. şi 3 i4tr*1uce (+ri4 r/t/ciri, u+te, +r*e etc. 34realitate+D!r &i!7! 4u f!ce !ce!şi ucru^ 0=!r +ute! 34tre! citit*ru Nu f!ce 34t*t1e!u4!G şi, 5!i !e0, 4u * f!ce 34tr=u4ti5+ c*4ce4tr!t, !ş! cu5 e ti5+u 1r!5ei Nu *rice &i!7/ +r*f!4/ 0e +*!te re1uce o! u4 1ru5 0+re ce4truDi5+*tri&/, 5!*rit!te! eHi0te47e*r u5!4e 0e c*40u5/ 34 4e0e54ific!ti&, 34 ire!, 34 !rtifici! ()e4er!.M*5e4tee 1r!5!tice, c3'1 !+!r, şi 1!c/ !+!r, +r*iecte!/ +e i41i&i1,34 dram$, !1ic/ 34 realitate (cu4*!ştere! 1e

0i4eG i4tui7i! c*41i7iei u5!4e etc., 1!r 34 5*5e4tu ur5/t*r *5u +r*f!4 0t 0!&e!/ refu)ii41u=0e 34 ire!u!ut*5!ti05e*r şi 1i0tr!c7ii*r R!ri 0u4t eHi0te47ee c*4crete c!re tr/ie0c !ute4tic şi t*t! drama+ i !ce0te r!rieHi0te47e 1r!5!tice +*t fi *5**)!te er*i*r 1i4 iter!tur! u4i&er0!/, c! şi i4i7i!7i*r 34 5i0tere, c! şi !0ce7i*r, +eeri4i*r etc +e4tru c/ &i!7! *r c*40tituie, 34 e! 340/şi, u4 1ru5 0+re ce4tru, şi ei !u !ti40 * *4/ real$, !uieşit 1i4 +r*f!4 şi iu*riu, !u 1*341it * cu4*!ştere 0!u * !r5*4ie 0+iritu!/ ec'i&!e4t/ (fireşte, +e u4 !t +!4.i4i7ierii 0!u !0ceeiLiter!tur! u4i&er0!/ ! cre!t *+eree ei 1e 0e!5/ +e te5! c$ut$rii, obstacolului, ! luptei cu p$catul sauignoran&a, ! luptei cu destinul te5e 1e 0tructur/ ritu!/, i4i7i!tic/ Nu 5!i 5e47i*4e//<r*5!4e c! 'mor şi Psyc"e 0!u M$garul de 'ur, u41e 0tructur! i4i7i!tic/ e0te tr!40+!re4t/ D!r u4 on ui9ote 0e +*!te re1uce ! * u4)/ r/t/cire, *)!t/ 34 u+te şi *0t!c*e c!re c*41uce +e D*4 ui*te 34 realitate, !cu4*!ştere! 1e 0i4e D!r !rim$ şi Pedeaps$ 0!u 'rma 7arenina 0u4t 0ce4!rii !e u+tei cu +/c!tuG R!0*4i*& iruie, A44! h!re4i4! eşue!/ D!r !+r*!+e t*!te r*5!4ee ui B!!c 0e re1uc ! * u+t/ tit!4ic/, 1e 5uti+e

5*1!it/7i, cu 1e0ti4u, cu 5e1iu 0*ci!, cu +!0iu4ie 34 c!re u4ii er*i 3şi f!c *c cu +u54ii +ri4 5u7i5e c! 0/!u4)/ ! 7i4t! +r*+u0/, i!r !7ii c!1, 4e+uti4ci*şi, 34 f!7! )reut/7i*r 34 R$)boi şi Pace, A41rei trece +ri44e4u5/r!te +r*e, +34/ ce 3şi re)/0eşte ec'iiru fi4!, 35+/c!re! 34 f!7! re!it/7ii 34 Ion, er*u 4u 0e 1/ 34/turi 1e ! 4i5ic c! 0/ !u4)/ ! 7i4t! +r*+u0/F +/534tu Pe &re5uri, c*5*!r! 0realitatea ultim$2 er! +/it/1e 5*4ştriG 34 iter!tur! +r*f!4/, c*5*!r! e i1e4tific!t/ *iectuui c!re semnifica, +e4tru +er0*4!)iu re0+ecti&,realitatea5 fe5ei!, !&ere!, !5i7i! 0*ci!/, 1*ri47! 1e +utere, cu4*!ştere! etc C! !t!re, 1ru5u c/tre !ce!0t/re!it!te e 34tuit 1e 5*4ştri c!re * !+/r/, c!re * f!c i4!cce0ii/ ce*r 4e+uti4ci*şi :4 !!ur !+/r/ 34! 1e!ur 0!u 5eree 1i4 r/1i4! @e0+ei i1e*rG * i4fi4it/ 0erie 1e *0t!c*e 5!teri!e 0!u +0i'**)ice !+/r/ fe5ei!iuit/, !&ere! i41uit/, +*i7i! 0*ci!/ etc Dru5u e )reuG 1!r, * 1!t/ !u40 ! 7i4t/, er*u cu4*!şte e!titu1i4e!E&i1e4t, realitatea +e c!re * 1*341eşte e 4u e0te !cee!şi 34 c!re 0e 340er!u er*ii 5it**)ici, +eeri4ii c!re urc!u!4e&*ie ter!0ee te5+e*r, 0!u !0ce7ii *rie4t!i, 4u e0te realitatea absolut$ 0!cr/, *+u0/ ire!it/7ii c*ti1ie4eG e0te,340/, re!it!te! ui, cee! ce ! 1*rit şi ! u+t!t 0/ 1*341e!0c/F fe5eie, *)/7ie, +/534t, +utere etc O 0erie 1ec*40i1er!7ii i4tere0!4te 0=!r +ute! f!ce !0u+r! +r*ce0uui 1e 1e)r!1!re ! re!it/7ii 1*rite şi 1*341ite 1e er*i 1e! Te0eu 0!u Ac'ie, +34/ ! Juie4 *re 0!u I*4 1!r 4u e *cu !ici 0/ 4e *+ri5 !0u+r! *r Ne 5u7u5i5 0/ re!5i4ti5 cee ce 0+u4e!5 34 !omentarii la legenda Meşterului Manole 1e0+re iter!tur! !ş!=



i0/ +*+u!r/ şi iter!tur! 1e c*+*rt! E+ic! f*c*ric/ e tr!40+!re4t 0i5*ic/G 1!r, *ricu5 0=!r i4ter+ret!0i5*i05u ei, 34t34i5 te5! ritu!/ ! *0t!c*e*r, ! +ri5e1ii*r, ! u+tei cu 5*40tru :4 !05 e0te34t*t1e!u4! +*&e0te! irui47e*r u4ui er*u 35+*tri&! u4ei 0erii 1e *0t!c*e eHtr!*r1i4!re M*ti&u !ce0t! 0=!tr!405i0 şi iter!turii 1e c*+*rt! Nu 0e 5!i u+t/ K/t Kru5*0 cu 5eu c! 0/ eieree +e Ie!4! C*034e!4! : 1!r *rice r*5!4 34 f!0cicue, c! şi *rice//C

r*5!4 +*i7i0t, re+et/ !ce!şi 0ce4!riuG e&i1e4t, 5e1iu e !tu şi +er0*4!)iie 0u4t !ute4tific!te, 0u4t re!e(c*4crete. E0te &*r!, !cu5, 1e * *rf!4/ +er0ecut!t/, 1e * f!t/ 1e *r1 r/+it/ 1i4 e!)/4, 1e ri)!4i,0ceer!7i, !41e 5i0teri*!0e, cri5i4!i +ri5e1i*şi şi, e&i1e4t, 1e +*i7işti, 1e +r*tect*ri +r*&i1e47i!i, 1e1etecti&i !5!t*ri etc C35+u 5!)4etic ! 0e40iiit/7ii +*+u!re 0=! 0c'i5!t, 1!r te5! ! r/5!0 !cee!şiG * 0erie1e 4e&er*0i5ie !&e4turi, c!re !c/tuie0c t*t*1!t/ * u+t/ 34tre Bi4e şi R/u, +e4tru !ti4)ere! 7i4tei +r*+u0e(eier!re! er*i4ei, 1re+t!te! 0*ci!/, 1*341ire! 5*şte4irii r/+ite, +e1e+0ire! cri5i4!uui etc.C3te&! c*4cuii +*t fi tr!0e 1i4 !ce0te *0er&!7ii Ce! 1i4t3iF eHi0t/ 4e4u5/r!te +*0iiit/7i 1e *5**)!re 34tre1iferitee re)iu4i !e &ie7ii 0+iritu!eG eHi0t/ cee! ce 0=!r +ute! 4u5i, cu * f*r5u/ !r!r/, * *5*)e4eit!te !u5ii 0+iritu!e V!*rie 3şi c*re0+u41 u4! !tei!, 1eşi 0e c*40tituie +e 4i&euri 1iferite 34 ! 1*ie! r341F te5ee!r'!ice, ritu!e, +er0i0t/ c'i!r 34 cre!7ii cu t*tu !ut*4*5e (u4/*!r/, iter!tur! eur*+e!4/ 5*1er4/., +e4tru c/!ce0te te5e !r'!ice !u * 0tructur/ !r'eti+!/, !1ic/ au fost constituite prin actul originar de intui&ie a realit$&ii+De c341 *5u ! 1e&e4it *5, !1ic/ ! u!t cu4*şti47/ 1e +*i7i! ui cu t*tu 0i4)u!r/ 34 C*05*0, re!it!te! ! f*0ti4tuit/ c! ce&! cu t*tu 0tr/i4 *5uui, c! ce&! c!re 0e 1*341eşte !4e&*ie, +ri4 ef*rt, +ri4 u+te Re!it!te! 4u

!+!r7i4e! i5e1i!tuuiG i5e1i!tu er! +r*f!4, i+0it 1e 0u0t!47/, trec/t*r, iu*riu Re!it!te! 0e !f! 1i4c**,u41e&! 34 f!7! *5uui, şi e! 0e 1*341e! !4e&*ie, +ri4 ef*rturi +e4iie O5u !r'!ic c! şi +ri5iti&u 1e !i 35+!rte u5e! 34 1*u/ *4eF u4! sacr$, !1ic/ real$, şi ce!!t/ profan$, !1ic/ 4e0e54ific!ti&/, 4*4=&!*!re,ire!/ e40u *ric/rei eHi0te47e u5!4e e0te 0/ i!0/ 1i4 ire!it!te şi 0/ 1*341e!0c/ re!it!te!, 0/ 1e+/şe!0c/er*!re! 0!u iui!, şi 0/ !ti4)/ !1e&/ru, 534tuire! I4 t*!te cicurie cutur!e, şi +e t*!te 4i&eurie 0+iritu!e,34t34i5 !ce!şi 1u!i05G 1*!r f*r5uee 1ifer/ V!riet!te! *r 4ei5it!t/ 0e !0e!5/4/ cu i4fi4it! &!riet!te !&er4!cu!re*r, c!re eH+ri5! t*tuşi !cee!şi te5e f*r5u!te 1e i5!ee c!0iceG cee c3te&! 0ute 1e &er4!cu=!re!e I41iei re+et/ !cee!şi 1*ctri4/ c!0ic/ eH+u0/ 34 i5! 0!40crit/Ritu!u 1efi4eşte +e *5 c! *5 34 C*05*0 Pri4 ritu!, *5u 0e f!ce +e 0i4e, !1ic/ 0e c!ut/, 0e 1*341eşteşi 0e 1i&i4ie!/ (!0*rire! 0!cruui ec'i&!e!/ cu cucerire! 4e5uririi. Ritu!u e u4 1e0ti4F 1ru5u c/tre 0i4e,c/tre ce4tru, c/tre re!it!te! !0*=//F Iut/G ieşire! 1i4 4e0e54ific!ti&, 1i4 iu*riu, 1i4 5*!rte C'i!r !tu4ci c341 *5u 0=! e5!4ci+!t 1e tute!

ritu!uui, c341 ! iutit 0/ 1e&i4/ irei)i*0 0!u !rei)i*0 şi 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re !cce+t/ 0/ r/534/ *5, !1ic/ 0/!u4)/ ! 7i4t! +r*+u0/, ! ec'iiru, ! cu4*!ştere! re!it/7ii etc c'i!r !tu4ci re+et/ 1ru5u 0+re ce4truG cut*!te *0t!c*ee, +ri5e1iie şi u+tee +e c!re e i5+ic/ !ce0t 1ru534 &i!7! 1e t*!te iee, *5u 3şi +*!te 34)/1ui 0/ tr/i!0c/ i4!u=te4tic, !1ic/ 0/ 4u fie *5 34 c!+*1*+ereeiter!turii u4i&er0!e, 340/, +er0*4!)iie 4u !1ic/ 1e ! 1e0ti4u c*41i7iei *r u5!4eG 1e !cee!, fiec!re 34 feu ui,rei! 1e ! c!+/t iti4er!riu !4e&*i*0 c!re c*41uce ! u4 ce4tru şi retr/ieşte t*!te !&e4turie şi +r*eei41i0+e40!ie 1*3'1irii c*5*rii 0!u !ti4)erii 7i4teiC!0c!e0, "#<>0înşir:te m$rg$rite, i!4u!rie=feru!rie "#>2.

E %@L'R * !@MP+V/ 5!i !1uce7i !5i4te 1e te*riie, ! 5*1/ !cu5 <$=>$ 1e !4i, +ri4 c!re 0e eH+ic! 5itu ui Ii0u0^ :4ee 1i4!ce0te eH+ic!7ii ştii47ifice 0u+r!&ie7uie0c 34c/ şi !0t/i +e ! +eriferiie cuturii 5*1er4eG ee f!c 1eiciietutur*r 1iet!47i*r şi 0e5i1*c7i*r c!re, 34 5!ree *r e4tui!05 0+iritu!, 1e0c*+er/, 1e ! * i ! !t!, i0t*ri!

rei)ii*r şi 34tr=* 0/+t/534/ 3i 1e0curc/ t*!te t!i4ee Ii0u0 C'ri0t*0^ :4 eu c! t*7i cei!7i eii Vi!7!, +/ti5ire! şi 34&iere! ui^ :4 5it, ! fe c! t*!te cee!te 5ituri :4 eu 0*!r, ice!u u4ii 0!&!47iG c/ci Ii0u0 0e4!şte ! 0*0ti7iu 1e i!r4/, !tu4ci c341 34ce+e 0/ cre!0c/ iu! M!i 1e)r!/ u4 eu ! &e)et!7iei, 3şi 1/1e!u cu +/rere! !7i 0!&!47i, c!re citi0er/ +e Kr!erF c/ci r/0ti)4ire!, 5*!rte! şi 34&iere! ui Ii0u0 !u *c 34 5ieu +ri5/&eriiG şi *!re cei!7i ei !i &e)et!7iei O0iri0, Atti0, A1*4i0 4u 5*r şi 34&ie şi ei +ri5/&!r!^Treuie 0/ 0+u4e5 c/, 0+re *4*!re! *r, !1e&/r!7ii i0t*rici !i rei)ii*r 4=!u 35+/rt/şit 4ici*1!t/ !0e5e4e!eH+ic!7ii ştii47ificeG 4u e=!u 35+/rt/şit 4ici 5/c!r !cu5 ci4cieci 1e !4i, c341 5ute ucruri c!re 34ce+ 0/ 0e347ee!)/ !0t/i 4u er!u 34c/ 347ee0e 0şi nici nu puteau fi în&elese 34 &/1u'u 0+iritu!it/7ii *fici!e 1e +e !"#$$. T*t ce !15ite!u i0t*ricii rei)ii*r er! c///0/r/t*rie creşti4e 0e 0u+r!+u0e0er/ 34 u4/ +!rte c!e41!re*r 0!cre tr!1i7i*4!e, fie ! iu1!i05uui, fie !e u5ii5e1iter!4ee4e Cee! ce er! f*!rte fire0cF c/ci C'ri0t*0 0=! 34tru+!t c! 0/ 534tu=i!0c/ 34tre!)! *5e4ire, !1ic/ şi +e&ii şi pe mor&i+ (i 0e &! 347ee)e *1!t/ c/ creşti4i!re! c!e41!re*r 0!cre tr!1i7i*4!e e0te * t!i4ic/ şi

cutre5ur/t*!re 34cerc!re 1e 55tuire ! u5ii +recreşti4e, ! 5ii!r1e*r 1e *!5e4i c!re 0=!u ru)!t, 1u+/ +rice+ere! *r, 0e54e*r şi ei*r +e c!re 3i !&e!uG 0=!u ru)!t *r +e4tru c/ 4u cu4*şte!u +e Du54eeu !1e&/r!t



D!r Ii0u0 şi=! &/r0!t 034)ee şi +e4tru cei mor&i1 E ! c**r3t 34 I!1 c! 0/ 53'tui!0c/ +e A1!5, !1ic/ 34tre!)!u5!4it!te c!re tr/i0e şi 5uri0e înainte 1e 34tru+!re.Zeu 0*!r^ Zeu ! &e)et!7iei^ O!5e4ii 0eri*şi 4u=şi 5!i +u4 1e 5ut 34tre!re! aceasta+ :4ii &/1 34 !4u5ite5ituri şi ritu!e +recreşti4e prefigurarea creşti4i05uui Aş 341r/4i 0/ 5er) 5!i 1e+!rte, 0+u4341 c/ 34tre!)!&i!7/ rei)i*!0/ ! f*0t 0tr//tut/, +34/ ! C'ri0t*0, 1e nostalgia 34tru+/rii (A 0e &e1e!, 34 !ce0t 0e40, *0er&!7iie1i4 *r$it$ d:Histoire des Religions, ++ 68 0?. O!re cu5 0/ 4u fie !0tfe, c341 Kire! 34tre!)/ 0u0+i4/ 1u+/

34&iere, c341, !1ic/, c'i!r C*05*0u +!rtici+/ ! 1r!5! c/1erii şi 534tuirii *5uui^C3t +ri&eşte *!ree şi Ve)et!7i!, ucrurie 0u4t 5!i +u7i4 0i5+e 1ec3t şi e 34c'i+ui!u *!5e4ii 1e ştii47/ 1e!cu5 ci4cieci 1e !4i 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re *!ree şi Ve)et!7i! !u f*0t valorificate religios, 4u 5!i !+!r7i4e!ulumii naturaleG !1ic/, *!ree 4u 5!i er! u4 fe4*5e4 4!tur! De&e4e!u "ierofanii, !1ic/ 5!4ife0t/ri !e0!cruuiG 1e&e4e!u semne !e u4ei Puteri tr!40ce41e4te Cre1 c/ !5 iutit 0/ !r/t cu 1e0tue eHe5+e, 34 *r$ited:Histoire des Religions, c/ 4ic/ieri +e +/534t, ! 4iciu4 +*+*r, c3t !r fi f*0t e 1e +ri5iti&, u4 *iect 4!tur! 4=! f*0t &e4er!t ca atare, ci 34t*t1e!u4! ! f*0t &e4er!t 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re 5!4ife0t! altceva, !1ic/ * Putere c!re1e+/şe! 5*1u ui 1e ! fi Nic/ieri şi 4ici*1!t/ 4=! eHi0t!t u4 cut ! +ietre*r, 0!u ! !r*ri*r, 0!u ! !+e*rF er!u&e4er!te !4u5ite +ietre, şi !4u5i7i !r*ri, şi !4u5ite !+e, c341 !ce0te! 34cet!u 1e ! 5!i fi *iecte 4!tur!e şi1e&e4e!u 'ier*f!4ii A1ic/, 0e &e4er! sacralitatea cate 0e !r/t! 34 +ietre, 34 !r*ri, 34 !+eI0t*ricii rei)ii*r 34ce+ 0/=şi 1e! 0e!5!, !0t/i, 1e )r!&! c*4fuie c!re 0e f/ce! +34/ !cu5 c37i&! !4iF c*4fuie34tre obiectul natural şi semnul religios +e c!re=" ar$ta !ce0t! Pe +!4 rei)i*0, *!ree, c! şi Ve)et!7i!, 0u4t

semne5 ele re&ee!/ *5uui

//A +re=creşti4 0!cr!it!te! C*05*0uui (fi47e4i! Kirii +e c!re Tu !i f/cut=*, D*!54e 1i4 f*c*ru rei)i*0r*5;4. e54e şi Puteri +e c!re, 347ee)341u=e, *5u +re=creşti4 347ee)e! altceva 1ec3t rit5urie şi 0tructur!u4*r fenomene naturale+ Pe4tru *5u +recreşti4, *!ree, c! şi Ve)et!7i!, er!u 0e54e rei)i*!0e c!re 3ire&e!u t!i4e 1i4 +r*+ri! ui 1r!5/ 0+iritu!/C3t 1e 1e+!rte 0u4te5, 1e !t5*0fer!, !ş!=i0/ r!7i*4!i0t/, ! 0f3rşituui 0ec*uui ! gg=e! şi 34ce+utu0ec*uui ! gg=e!, c341 0e 1e0c*+ere!u !t3t eii 0*!ri şi !i Ve)et!7iei, c3t şi 5iturie uii0u00îndreptar, !+riie "#>2.!'*'%*R@ ŞI M%I'#I%M 0#ote pentru o *eologie a Istoriei2Atu4ci !u 0tri)!t c/tre D*54u şi 0=!u t34)uitF P/c/tuit=!5, fii41c/ !5 +/r/0it +e D*54u şi !5 0uit B!!i*r şiA0't!rtee*rG 340/ !cu5 0c!+/=4e 1i4 5;4! 1uş5!4i*r 4*ştri, şi=7i &*5 0ui 7ie 0%amuil, "2, "$. TeHtu !ce0t!reu5! 34tre!)! i0t*rie ! ui I0r!e, 1e ! +!tri!r'i şi +34/ ! +r*fe7i C/ci !ce!0t! ! f*0t 1r!5! +*+*ruui !e0F!ter4!47! 34tre I!'&e şi B!!, 34tre 0uire! Du54eeuui !1e&/r!t şi !1*r!re! i1*i*rG !1ic/, !ter4!47! 34tre

te*f!4i! !0*ut/ 5*!ic/, şi c*5*1!, f*!rte !1e0e! !)re!i! rei)i*it!te ! ce*r!te +*+*!re 34c*4ur/t*!reE&reii 4u 0e 1e+/rt!u 1e I!'&e +e4tru c/ !r fi !&ut 341*iei rei)i*!0eG 4u 1e&e4e!u !tei, ier=)341it*ri, 0ce+tici,!)4*0tici etc, !1ic/ 4u re!i!u 4ici u4! 1i4 f*r5ee 5*1er4e !e 1e0+/r7irii 1e Du54eeu Ei, +ur şi 0i5+u,0c'i5!u +e Du54eeuF !!41*4!u +e I!'&e şi 0e 34t*rce!u ! cre1i47ee +r*t*i0t*riei 0e5ite şi *rie4t!e, !B!!i şi A0't!rtee, re!ctu!i341 +r*0titu7i! 0!cr/ şi 0!crificiu 34t3i*r 4/0cu7i, 1!40urie *r)i!0tice şi cere5*4iie1e fertiit!te !)r!r/, re&!*rific341 rei)i*0 0e4u!it!te!, iert/7ie re)eui=eu, 341e0tu!re! +*fte*r teurice !e*5uui 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re ee 0e *5**)!u 4*r5e*r c*05ice etcRe34t*!rcerie !ce0te! ! B!!i şi A0't!rtee !&e!u *c 34t*t1e!u4! 34 i4ter&!e 1e +r*0+erit!te şi 1e i4işte Er! u40*i 1e 4*0t!)ie 1u+/ ti5+urie i1iice !e +r*t*i0t*riei c341 34c/ 4u !+/ru0er/ 5!rie i5+erii 5iit!re şi4*0t!)i! !ce!0t! 0e 341e0=/SBtui! 341!t/ ce +ree4tu 1e&e4e! 5!i +u7i4 !5e4i47/t*r D!r re34t*!rcere! +eri*1ic/ ! +/)34i05 er!, 1e f!+t, *re34t*!rcere 34 i0t*ri! +r*f!4/, 34 pre)ent+ Pe4tru c/ i0t*ri! c*4te5+*r!4/ ! &eci4i*r ui I0r!e ! !0t! 0e re1uce!F

! B!!i şi A0't!rtee, ! re)ee=euG ! 1!40uri şi 0!crificii *r)i!0tice etc Pe4tru 34tre!)! u5e 0e5it/ şi *rie4t!/,!0e5e4e! +r!ctici 4u er!u, i4e347ee0, +r*f!4e, ci !c/tui!u r!+*rturie e)iti5e !e *5uui cu 1i&i4it!te! Pri4cutu B!!i*r şi A0't!rtee*r, +ri4 0!crificiur 4*i*r 4/0cu7i etc +/)34u 0e &!i1! +e 0i4e f!7/ 1e C*05*0 şi1i&i4it!te P/)34i05u 34 c!re !u4ec!u +eri*1ic e&reii re+ree4t! * !4u5it/ te*f!4ie, cu r/1/ci4ie 34 +rei0t*ri!Orie4tuui A+r*+i!t şi ! Me1iter!4ei Er! 340/ * rei)ie c!re c*4&e4e! ti5+uri*r !ur*r!e, i1iice şi I0r!iieşi0e 1e 5ut, tr!0 1e 340uşi Du54eeu şi c//uit 1e M*i0e, 1i4 !ce!0t/ f!/ i1iic/ ! i0t*riei I0r!i 34ce+u0e ! fi +re)/tit +e4tru ! re&e! u5ii * 4*u/ te*f!4ie, 1e 1!t! !0t! cutre5ur/t*!re E&i1e4t, er! )reu 1e ! rei0t! i0+itei1e ! tr/i t*t*1!t/ 34 trecut 34 ti5+urie i1iice, c341 *5uui i 0e 34)/1ui! 0/ recu4*!0c/ * 'ier*f!4ie 34 *rice*iect 1i4 u5e! 34c*4ur/t*!re şi 34 pre)ent, !ş! cu5 tr/i!u c!4!4ee4ii, fe4icie4ii şi cee!te +*+*!re*rie4t!eG er! )reu 1e ! rei0t! !ce0tei i0+ite, şi ! 0ui 4u5!i +e I!'&e, c!re re+ree4t! * te*f!4ie !0*ut/, c/cicere! t*t, şi er! i4c*5*1, 0trict, )e*0 M!i !e0 34 e+*cie 1e +r*0+erit!te, 1e !&34t ec*4*5ic, 1e i4işte, !4e&*ie0e +ute! rei0t! uHuri!4tei cute*r *rie4t!eDe+/rt!re! 1e I!'&e ec'i&!! cu u4 !1uter c/ci r!+*rturie 34tre +*+*ru !e0 şi Du54eeu 0/u fu0e0er/e)iti5!te 5!rit! Nu5!i 0i5*i05u 4u+7i! eH+ic! !t3t )e*i! ui I!'&e, r/u4!re! ui cu5+it/, +e1e+0ire!*ric/rei tr/1/ri, c3t şi iert/rie cu c!re 3şi 5i*0ti&e! 5ire!0! Pe +*+*ru !e0 "=! *&it 1e 4e4u5/r!te *ri, 1!r



4ici*1!t/ 4u "=! +ier1ut !ş! cu5 ! /0!t 0/ +i!r/ t*!te cee!te 1ei!55i (+*+*r c!re 4u e ! 5eu. 34tre!t37i! !7ii !5ui 4u uit/ 4ici e 0/ !5i4te!0c/ e&rei*r c/ t*t i4ee &! &e4i 4u5!i 1e ! D*54u, şi 4u5!i 1!c/ 3i&*r 0ui ui, &*r !0cut! 1e )!0u ui şi 4u 0e &*r r/&r/ti +*ru4cii ui ,,D!c/ 340/ 4u &e7i !0cut! 1e )!0uD*54uui şi &/ &e7i r/&r/ti 35+*tri&! +*ru4cii D*54uui, !tu4ci 534! D*54uui &! fi 35+*tri&! &*!0tr/ şi35+*tri&! re)eui &*0tru, c! 0/ &/ 4i5ice!0c/ (I %amuil, "2,">. Pr*fe7ii 4=!u f/cut 1ec3 0/ c*4fir5e şi 0/!5+ifice 34 teriie &iiu4i +e1e!+0! i4e&it!i/ ! Iui I!'&e, cu5+it! r/u4!re 35+*tri&! +*+*ruui !e0 c!re 4u

! ştiut 0/=i +/0tree cre1i47//S/D!r, 0u4te5 341ritui7i 0/ 4e 34tre/5, ce 0=!r fi 34t35+!t cu I0r!i 1!c/ istoria nu ar fi confirmat amenin&$rile

profe&ilor şi 4=!r fi &!i1!t 0u+er! i4tr!40i)e47/ ! e*7i*r, ! +re*7i*r, ! i4e=cre1i4ci*şi*r^ D!c/ 4=!r fi !+/rut34 *ri*4tu i0t*ric 5!rie i5+erii 5iit!re !0iri!4 şi 4e*!i*4i!4^ Pe4tru c/, !5 &/ut, 4u5!i c341 i0t*ri!1e&e4e! !5e4i47/t*!re, +*+*ru !e0 0e 34t*rce! ! cre1i47! 0tr/5*şe!0c/, 0e +*c/i! şi=şi 0tr/5ut! 4/1e1e! 34 +utere! ui Du54eeu 341!t/ ce trece! !5e4i47!re! c!t!0tr*fei i5i4e4te, e&reii 0uc*5!u i0+itei 1e ! tr/i 34 +ree4t, !1ic/ 1e ! +!rtici+! ! i0t*ri! +r*f!4/ ! Orie4tuui / !5i4ti5 c3te&! f!+te Iie (circ! #$$=8>$ ! C'r.! u+t!t 4e34fric*ş!t 35+*tri&! cute*r fe4icie4e i4tr*1u0e 1e Ie!e! şi t*er!te 1e re)ee I0r!i=uui, A'! (I

Regi, "-, 6$ 0?G "6% 0?. :r5!şu ui 34tru +r*fe7ie, Ei0eu, ! +utut !0i0t! ! eHter5i4!re! ui A'! şi Ie!eeiD!r +utere! 5iit!r/ ! A0iriei 34c/ 4u !u40e0e 0tri&it*!re, şi 0u Jer*=*!5 II (%8$=%<$., c341 I0r!i cu4*!şte 1i44*u * +eri*!1/ 1e +r*0+erit!te +*itic/ şi ec*4*5ic/, re34ce+ !uurie şi re3'f*re0c cutee *rie4t!e De !0t/1!t/, +r*fe7ii A5*0 (iu1eu. şi Oi! (i0r!eit. ucre!/ 1irect 0u +re0iu4e! e&e4i5e4te*r Ei !4u47/ +e1e+0ire!

+!trii*r tere0tre şi +re&e0tirie *r 0e 35+i4e0c Ce 1i4t3i *&it e0te, fireşte, re)!tu 1e N*r1 ! ui I0r!i 34%68, M!4!'e5 +/te! u4 triut i0t*&it*r ui Te)!t'+'!!0!rG 34 %62 c/1e! D!5!0cu, 34 %22=2" 340/şi c!+it!!re)!tuui, !5!ri!, e0te cucerit/ 1e !0irie4i Eitee 0u4t ri0i+ite, terit*riu e +*+u!t 1e c**4ii 0trei4e, i1*ii !i*4ie4i 1*341e0c 1re+tu 1e cet/7e4ie !/turi 1e I!'&e O +!rte 1i4 eite 0e refu)i!/ 34 re)!tu &eci4, 34Iu1! Aici, 34 u1, 0u re)ee A'! (II !ronici, 28., c!re 1*54eşte 34tre %<$=%6$, +/)34i05u re!+/ru0e 0uf*r5ee ui cee 5!i tuuriF 1!40uri fre4etice, +r*0titu7i! 0!cr/, 0!crificiie c*+ii*r etc Z!1!r4ic 34cerc! 34!tucer 0/ 0e 35+*tri&e!0c/ i4&!iei B!!i*r şi A0't!rtee*r A'! e +r*te!t 1e A0iri! şi 0u0+ecte!/ 34 +ri5ur341, +e4tru +r*+ri! ui 0i)ur!47/ *rice e rei)i*0 ! ceruui 34 ci+! c341 &eci4u ui 1e ! N*r1 +/te! triutui Te)!t'+'!!0!r 4u=i c*4&e4e! 4ici * 5işc!re re!c7i*4!r/, 4ici * i4t*er!47/G 1i5+*tri&/, 0*c*te! e, 0i4)ur!0c/+!re 4u i=* +ute! !0i)ur! 1ec3t * +*itic/ 1e !r)/ t*er!47/ rei)i*!0/ Cre1e! c/ B!!ii şi A0't!rteee +u47i1e e)/tur/ 34tre iu1ei şi 34tre) Drie4tu 0e5itic 3 &*r feri 1e 534i! !0iri!4/ D!r, 1!c/ 34!tu Fer e +ru1e4t şiti5*r!t, 341r/4e0c +r*fe7ii Du+/ Mi'e!, !+!re eHtr!*r1i4!ru I0!i! (+ri5ee +r*fe7ii, circ! %<$. :r5/ri41e&e4i=

/SS5e4tee c!re +re)/ti0er/ c!t!0tr*f! re)!tuui 1e ! N*r1, I0!i! +r*fe7eşte i5i4e47! 1e!0truui Pe4tru c/ iu1eii,c'i!r !tu4ci c341 4u +/c/tuie0c +ri4 !1*r!re! B!!i*r şi A0't!rtee*r, +/c/tuie0c +ri4 +u7i4! *r cre1i47/, +ri40ter+u ritu!i05 ! c!re !u re1u0 e)/turie cu I!'&e V!i 7ie, 4e!5 +/c/t*0, +*+*r 34c/rc!t 1e f/r/1ee)i,0/5347/ 1e r/i, feci*ri tic/*şi P/r/0it=!7i +e D*54u, t/)/1uit=!7i +e 0f34tu ui I0r!i, 34t*r0u=i=!7i 0+!tee Pe4truce 0/ &/ 5!i !t +e &*i c!re 4ec*4te4it &/ r/&r/ti7i 35+*tri&/=5i^ 0Isaia, I, <=>. I!r ce*r c!re cre1 c/=i 0ue0c,i5it341u=0e ! ritu!i05, D*54u e 0tri)/F Ce=5i f**0eşte 5u7i5e! ertfe*r &*!0tre^ M=!5 0/tur!t 1e erecii !r1eri*r 1e t*t şi 1e )r/0i5e! &i7ei*r )r!şi, 1e 0;4)ee 1e t!uri, 1e 5iei şi 1e 7!+i 4u 5!i !5 +/cere0Isaia, I, "". A5e4i47/rie 4u 5!i c*4te4e0c i t*tuşi, 34 I0!i! e0te şi u4 5*5e4t 1e *+ti5i05G c341, 0ui41u=0eEec'i!0 +e tr*4 (%22=%2". şi c/341 !5!ri!, cutu ui I!'&e ! f*0t rei4tr*1u0 34 t*!t/ +i4/t!te! ui I0!i! 0e35+*tri&e! +*iticii 1e rei0te47/ c*4tr! A0iriei E şti! c/ )*ri! şi 5i0iu4e! ui I0r!i 4u 0u4t e *r1i4 5iit!rG!tce&! !şte+t! I0!i! 1e ! +*+*ru !e0F * !134cire ! r!+*rturi*r cu I!'&e, * tr/ire i4te40/ ! +!r!1*Hiei cre1i47eiRe)ee Eec'i!0 i4tr/ t*tuşi 34 c*!i7i! c*4tr! ui e4!=c'eri, şi 34 %$$ re)!tu e c*tr*+it D*!r 34 f!7!

Ieru0!i5uui !re *c 5i4u4e! +re&e0tit/ 34 uti5u 5*5e4t 1e I0!i! şi, 1eci5!t/ 1e e+i1e5ii, !r5!t!!0iri!4/ 0e retr!0e E&i1e4t, c*4fir5!re! !ce!0t! i40t!4t!4ee ! +r*fe7ii*r ui I0!i! 340e!54/ u4 c*40i1er!i0ucce0 rei)i*0 P*c/i7i, e&reii 0e re34t*rc ! Du54eeu +/ri47i*r *r D!r, !ş! cu5 er! 1e !şte+t!t, c37i&! !4i 34ur5/, 0u 1*54i! ui M;4!0e (&!0! *i! A0iriei., re!+!r B!!ii şi A0't!rteee, şi eHuer!47! cute*r 0trei4e1e+/şeşte c'i!r cee ce 0e &/u0er/ 0u A'! (cf II !ronici, 66. Pre*7ii şi +r*fe7ii t!c 34 !ce!0t/ u5/t!te 1e0ec* 1e t/cere 0+iritu +r*fetic 0c'i5/ r!1ic! 0tructur! ceruui euteronomul, +re)/tit 34 !ce0t ti5+, +*!rt/ +ecete! 1e f*c ! +r*feti05uuiI0!i! +re&e0ti0e c/1ere! A0iriei ("$, >F V!i 7ie, A0irie, &!r)! 5;4iei 5ee şi t*i!)u ur)iei 5eeG "$, "2F ic;41 D*54u &! 0f;rşi t*t ucru 0/u 34 5u4tee i*4uui şi 34 Ieru0!i5, !tu4ci 0e &! r/fui cu 35+/r!tu A0iriei +e4tru trufi! i4i5ii ui şi +e4tru 0e5e7i! +ri&iri*r ui. M!i +u7i4 1e u4 &e!c 1e ! 5ir!cu*!0! 1e0+re0ur!re !Ieru0!i5uui, A0iri! e 34fr34t/ 1e 4*u i5+eriu 5iit!r ! B!i*=4uui (/t/i! 1eci0i&/ 1e ! h!re5i0' ! !&ut*c 34 -$>. D!r B!i=*4u 347ee)e 0/ +rei! 5*şte4ire! +*itic/ !0iri!4/, şi +e4tru c//SOI*!c'i5 3i rei0t/, re)!tu e !t!c!t, re)ee uci0 şi, 34 >#%, Ieru0!i5u c!+itue!/ O +ri5/ 1e+*rt!re 1eci5e!/eitee iu1ee4e N*u re)e, e1eci!0, re+et/ )reşe!! 34!i4t!şi*r 0/iF încerc$ s$ salve)e statul cu mi9loace



politice şi militare, uit3'1 c/ 5i0iu4e! +*+*ruui !e0 1e+/şe! cu 5ut &ici0itu1i4ie 5*5e4tuui i0t*ric, c/1!t*ri! ui 4u er! 0/ triu5fe +*itic, 0/=şi rec!+ete !ut*4*5i! +*itic/, )*ri! 5iit!r/ şi +r*0+erit!te! ec*4*5ic/,ci 0/ !0cute 1e cu&34tu D*54uui, 0/ re!iee 4u4t! 5i0tic/ 34tre I0r!e şi I!'&e e1eci!0 e !tr!0 34 !i!47!e)i+te!4/, şi 34 >8- N!uc*1*4*0*r 3 !t!c/ 534i!t Ieru0!i5u e 1i0tru0, te5+u !r0, * 4*u/, terii/ 1e+*rt!rei0t*&eşte +*+*ru iu1e!4 Ace!0t/ ! 1*u! c!+ti&it!te !i*4i!4/ &! 1ur! 5ut uferi47ee ei r/!t 34c/ +34/ !4*iF L! !+! V!&i*4uui

i 4u 34c!+e 4ici * 341*i!/ c/, 1!c/ 4=!r fi eHi0t!t +r*fe7ii, 1!c/ Iie, şi Oi!, şi A5*0, şi I0!i!, şi t*7i cei!7i 4=!rfi +re&e0tit 1e 1*u/ &e!curi +e1e!+0! D*54uui +e4tru 4ee)iuirie +*+*ruui !e0 c!+ti&it!te! !ce!0t! !r fif*0t 1e!0tru*!0/ A0e5e4e! !t3t*r !te 4e!5uri 1e+*rt!te, I0r!i 0=!r fi +ier1ut cu t*tu 34 '!*0u et4ic ! &!0tuuii5+eriu 4e*!i*4i!4 Ar fi f*0t 1!c/ 4u 34 34tre)i5e !0i5i!t, ce +u7i4 !1uter!t +ri4 0i4creti05e *rie4t!e,re+/)34i!tG 0=!r fi 5u7u5it s$ tr$iasc$ în pre)ent, !ş! cu5 tr/i!u !t3te! !te +*+*!re *rie4t!e / tr/i!0c/ 34 +ree4t, şi 0/ +i!r/ c341 3i &! &e4i 0*r*cuG 0/=şi +i!r1/ 0u0t!47! et4ic/, 0/ 0e !5!)!5ee, 0/ 0e tr!40f*r5e, 13414!ştere !t*r +*+*!re, 1ifere47ii41u=0e 34 1e0ce41e47i, 0u+*rt341 1e0ti4u tutur*r *r)!4i05e*r c!re 0e 4!0c, cre0cşi 5*r D!r er!u +r*fe7ii c!re 3i !5i4te!u 4ec*4te4it c/ 4u !ce0t! e0te 1e0ti4u +*+*ruui !e0G c/ 4u 1e eHi0te47!0!u i4eHi0te47! u4ui 0t!t i41e+e41e4t !t3r4/ 534tuire! ui I0r!iG c/ 4u efe5er! )*rie 1e ! +ute! i4ter&e4i5iit/reşte 34 i0t*rie &!i1e!/ r!+*rturie 34tre I!'&e şi +*+*ru 0/uG c/ 5i0iu4e! Iui I0r!i e +r*iect!t/ 34 &iit*r,c/ e e 0i4)uru 4e!5 c!re +*!te re!i! !ce0t +!r!1*H 1e a tr$i în viitor, 34truc'i+341 !0tfe 5*1eu +erfect +e4tru *rice !ct 1e cre1i47/ !ute4ticG şi c/, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, 0e &*r 35+i4i f/)/1ui47ee Iui Du54eeu, +ri4&e4ire! Me0iei, c!re &! re0t!ur! +e I0r!i 34 !1e&/r!t! ui )*rie 34 +reiu! c!t!0tr*fei, Iere5i! 3şi ri1ic/ )!0u

35+*tri&! !0ur1it/7ii rei0te47ei E 0c!+/ 1e ur)i! !0iri!4/ refu=)ii41u=0e 34 E)i+t, 340/ 5e0!)iu ui 3şi 1/1u0er*!1/G evreii în&eleseser$ c$ nici distrugerea templului, nici ani"ilarea statului nu sunt "ot$rîtoare pentrudestinul lor1 c/ t*!te !ce0te tr!)e1ii i0t*rice 0u4t 5erit!te, 1e*!rece 0u4t +e1e+0ee D*54uui, şi c/ re)e4er!re!rei)i*!0/, 1!c/ &! !&e! *c, &! fi u4 e&e4i5e4t 5ut 5!i i5+*rt!4t/S;1ec t *4ce catastrof$ istoric$+ I!r 34 c!+ti&it!te! !i*4i!4/, !+!re u4 Ieec'ie c!re c*5+ete!/ e1uc!7i!5i0tic/F Israil trebuie s$ tr]asc$ f"mtor1 4u5!i !0tfe &! +ute! 35+i4i r*u fiH!t 1e +r*&i1e47/ 3 i0t*rie I!rc341, 34 >>$, 0e ri1ic/ ! *ri*4t u4 4*u i5+eriu !Me1*r, !t +r*fet, 1euter*=I0!i! (c!+ <$=--., +re&e0teşte!+r*+iere! ti5+uri*r 5e0i!4ice P

Orice 0=!r 5!i fi 34t35+!t 1e !cu5 34!i4te 34 i0t*rie, 1e0ti4u ui I0r!i er! te5ei4ic fu41!5e4t!tF nu un %tat, 4u * +utere 5iit!r/ ci occmumtatenustic$, !+*itic/ Vici0itu1i4ie 4u=" 5!i +*t 0c'i5! I0r!1 1ure!/ 5 ti5+ cet*!te cee!te +*+*!re, 5!ri şi 5ici, !+!r Pier!t43r 444 a Y bY^ T3Y Wb bY =

K ^^bY fi f _t fY Ir!i 1!c/ T fi !&ut V PhUfe c!re s$ 9ustifice catastrofa, s$ o valorifice spiritual, s$dea ui sens Z*?f lBr Y %_=^ !ui=u40e40 şi !r) dZ$Z %@a*Z m 1!C/ 4: i4te`4e!u !ce0te c!t!0tr*fe 2 r^,` W, i1! tBate ace8 6suriamenin&$toarei K/r/ TF ," >!1 Y fi re34t_r0 ! B!!i >Y A0't!rtee, 0=!r fi 5u7u5it 0/ tr/i!0c/ 34 5*5e4tee i0t*rice!e 34tre)uui Orie4t,

M3t5i _`3 m" 1 3t!+reu4! cu t*!te ceIe!te 4e!`rir , eZ!tr1e I:L ?*of 6 !u 0!&!t I0r!iuI

D*r0!ii T l Yost ^atasK^M_ c!t!0tr*f! ! !+r*+i!t +*=!c1e 0uferii N M D:54eZe:= Pe4tru :4 CTe1ici*0U YYYZtru f r$>" !u f*0t tri5 1e Du54eeu, +e4tru c/ f/r/ ee I0r!i 0=!r fi rei4te)r!t Orie4tuui '!*tic Deci,`i /^5CVe5t a i 1i5!re! Puui mi !r1ere! Ieru0!=Z r ttr:)Cre!=t!tuui >i r*i! !*4i!4/ = +e4tru c/ 4u5!i !0tfe ! +utut fi 0!&!t I0r!iG !1ic/, 4u5!i !0tfe VY +ututi4fi4+! 0+i4tu +r*fetic şi )er5i4! 5e0i!4i05u, c!re, 5!i t3riu, +44 creşti4i05, !&e! 0/ 0c'i5e f!7! u5ii, şi 0/tr!40f*r5e4f1f4_M= T_!te !CCte! !: !V:t $C C! I0r!i / 0e POYY 4utei8 T ,: f CZC4t 6 C:t1$r OTie4t!e !1ic/ Ptru ! !ur*ite^" fW tr/VCC'ie

te_f!4iiU u4e P O+urie 5!TY3,> ^ 4_:! te_f!4ie 4ece0!r/ tcr*!rei ierice 1e 3T, 1_!/ C/ !+!riti! creşti4i05uui 4u 0e +*!tef*rTT Tfet5 i 5e0i!4i05G !1ic/, f/r/ cee 1*u/ if *I P` C!re iu1!i05u ! Putut bYbY c!t!0tr*f! cr*t^""" @=e55fic!tie

!0ce41e4t/ Aş!1!r, +e4tru u4cui 4 ), 5 V BBT /T !C ! f _t 4ece0!r/j !t`4teri, cu&34tu D*54uui 4=!r 5!i fi +utut !u4)e +34/ ! 4*i/S<D!c/ i0t*ri! rei)i*!0/ ! I0r!iuui 4=!r fi +ree4t!t !ce!0t/ !ter4!47/ B!!=I!'&e, 0u+r!&ie7uire! ui 4=!r fi f*0t 5ir!cu*!0/ D!r 0e &e1e i5+e1e c/ I0r!i 4u 0e !+r*+i! cu t*t 0ufetu 1e Du54eeu ui1ec3t 34 ti5+ 1e cri/ i0t*ric/ i !tu4ci, 0u4t cu !1e&/r!t 5ir!cu*!0e !ce0te crie i0t*rice c!re 0ere+et/ c*40ecuti& +34/ ce 0+iritu 340ufe7eşte 34tre!)! iter!tur/ 0!cr/, +3'/ ce +*+*ru !e0 re4u47/ !i0t*ri! +r*f!4/, '*t/r341u=0e 0/ tr/i!0c/ 34 &iit*r, fiitr=* c*5u4it!te et4ic/ şi 5i0tic/ t*t*1!t/ 34!+*i!!ce0t*r crie +eri*1ice c!re tr!40f*r5/ u4 4e!5 3'tr=u4 5e0!)iu, 34ce+ 0/ 0e /re!0c/ +!4u şi &*i47!

1i&i4/ D!c/ 34tr=!1e&/r Me0i! treui! 0/ &i4/ c! 0/ 5itui!0c/ 34tre!)! *5e4ire, e 4u +ute! &e4i1ec3t 1u+/ ce I0r!i 0uferi0e t*t ce=! 0uferit T*t, 1!r !0*ut t*t, fu0e0e 4ece0!r, treui0e 0/ 0e 5t35+e



!ş!0estin, !+riie "#>2.

%!EJRIMI#*@% %PIRI*E'L% escoperiri spirituale5 !ce0t! e0te titu u4ei c/r7i 1e e0euri ! ui i*&!44i P!+i4i, 1e cur341 tr!1u0/ 34i5! 0+!4i*/ 1e Vi4ti/ @*ri! şi !+/rut/ 34 E1itur! E5ece 1i4 Bue4*0 Aire0 :4 5!re şi iu0tru0criit*r it!i!4 tr!1u0 34 0+!4i*eşte 1e u4 0criit*r r*5;4 şi ti+/rit +e0te Oce!4, 34 A5eric! !ti4/ (u41e,1u+/ cu5 0e ştie, P!+i4i 0e ucur/ 1e u4 +re0ti)iu c*40i1er!i. criu r341urie 1e f!7/ 5!i !e0 +e4tru! 0ui4i! !ce!0t/ 0*i1!rit!te ! 0+iritu!i t!7i*r 4e*=!ti4e E! 4u e i+0it/ 1e 0e54ific!7ie i*&!44iP!+i4i, +!0i*4!t 1e 0e54e şi 347ee0uri *cute, &! fi f*0t ce 1i4t3i 0/ 1e0c*+ere şi 0/=i 5e1itee5e0!)iuVi4ti/ @*ri! f!ce +!rte 1i4 ce! 5!i +r*!0+/t/ ec'i+/ 1e 0criit*ri şi )341it*ri r*5;4i 0i4cer i4tere0!7i1e fe4*5e4u P!+i4i D!c/ 35i !1uc i4e !5i4te, ! tr!1u0 c'i!r Martorii %fintelor Patimi, c!rtetuur/t*!re, fru0t/, !ru+t/, 1e0+re c!re !5 0cri0 u4 5ic !rtic* 34tr=u4ui 1i4 uti5ee 4u5ere !ei!ruui !uvmtul, 34 +ri5/&!r! "#68 Ar fi i4tere0!4t 0/ 0e cercetee 34tr=* i i0t*ri! +e4etr!7iei *+ereiui i*&!44i P!+i4i 34 R*5;4i! +re 1e*0eire 1e DA44u4i* şi Pir!41e*, i4tr*1uşi şi !40!7i +ri4tr!1ucerie fr!4cee, P!+i4i 3şi 1!t*reşte +ree47! 34 ir/ri! şi iter!tur! r*5;4e!0c/ !+r*!+e eHcu0i&it!ie4i!47i*r 34 !f!r/ 1e %toria di !risto, +e c!re 0ucce0u 5*41i! 1e +ri4 !4ii "#2"="#22 ! +urt!t=*

/SC şi +e !=4*i, 34 &er0iu4e! fr!4ce/ +ree4t!t/ 1e P!*t *+er! ui P!+i4i 4=! +/tru40, ! 4*i, cu5 0e*iş4ui! cu t*7i 5!rii 0criit*ri 0tr/i4i, +ri4 tr!1ucerie 34 i5! fr!4ce/, ci +ri4 ef*rturie it!ie4i=!47i*r r*5;4i :4 34ce+ut eHcee4t ! f*0t f/cut 34 "#26, cu En uomo finito, tr!1u0/ 1e C/i4e0cuşi !15ir!i +ree4t!t/ 1e !ce 5!re 34&/7!t AeH!41ru M!rcu, c!re ! şi tr!1u0 5!i t3riu %toria di!ristu+ D!r 34 !f!r/ 1e !ce0te 1*u/ c/r7i şi 34 !f!r/ 1e 0c'i7ee f!4t!0tice 1i4 &*u5ee II tragicocotidiano şi IIpilota cieco, tr!1u0e 1e T'e*1*r *!c*u, re0tu *+erei ui P!+i4i !1ic/ +*ei! ui,criticie şi +*e5icie ui, 0crierie Iui fi**fice re0tu !ce0tei *+ere uri!şe ! r/5!0 i4!cce0ii4ecu4*0c/t*ri*r 1e i5/ it!i!4/ Aş! 0e eH+ic/ 1e ce P!+i4i 4=! c34t/rit +re! 5ut 34 *c'ii i4tei=)'e47iei r*5;4eşti, c!re 3şi *rie4t! ecturie şi=şi rectific! )u0tu 34 +ri5u r341 1u+/ 4*ut/7ie ir/rieifr!4cee 34 !f!r/ 1e %toria di !risto, *+er! ui P!+i4i 4=! !&ut 0ucce0 34 Kr!47! şi, 1!t*rit/ !ce0tei

+ree4te !+r*Hi5!ti&e, t*!te cee!te cuturi 1e+i4341 1e ir/ri! fr!4ce/ !u 0firşit +ri4 ! !&e! *

i5!)i4e 5uti!t/ ! 5!reui 0criit*r f*re4ti4 De0ti4u eur*+e!4 ! *+erei ui P!+i4i 0=! uc!t 34 u4/ +!rte 34 Kr!47! Ace0t f*!rte i4tere0!4t !ut*r ! !&ut 4e4*r*cu 0/ fie tr!1u0 şi 1ifu!t 34 i5! fr!4ce/1e e1ituri 1e ! 1*u! 0!u ! trei! 534/ Nu5!i %toria di !risto ! !+/rut 34tr=* e1itur/ ceer/ (P!*t.D!r 1eşi i 0=!u 5!i tr!1u0 &re* !te ci4ci0+reece c/r7i, +e !ce0te! 1i4 ur5/ 4u e=! &/ut 4i5e4i 0Enuomo finito ! !+/rut 34tr=* e1itur/ e)i!4/, c!re 4ici 5/c!r 4u=şi 1ifu! c/r7ie 34 Kr!47!. Nu 4e1/5 34c/ 0e!5! 1e )r!&it!te! !ce0tui fe4*5e4 Y 0+ecific 0ec*uui 4*0truF 0*!rt! u4ei *+ere 34ce+e 0/!t3r4e 1e e1iturie c!re * !40e!/, 1e +*0iiit/7ie *r 1e +uicit!te şi 1ifuiu4e A0tfe c/ *+er! uiP!+i4i, c!re 0e ucur/ 1e * !r)/ circu!7ie 34 +!4i! şi A5eric! !ti4/, ! f*0t *c!t/ 34 7/rie c!re1e+i41e!u 1e cutur! fr!4ce/Er!5, 34 R*5;4i! ier/, u4 )ru+, 4u +re! 4u5er*0, 1!r 1e0tu 1e !cti&, c!re ur5/re!5 şi c*5e4t!534tre!)! +r*1uc7ie ! ui i*&!44i P!+i4i Vi4ti/ @*ri! 0e 4u5/r! +ri4tre ei 34 +*fi1! 34t35+/ri*r şi4ec!uri*r c!re =!u +urt!t 1i4 Au0tri! +34/ 34 Ar)e4ti4! şi=! +/0tr!t 34tre!)/ +!0iu4e! +e4tru *+er!

ui P!+i4i V*5 ceti c341&! 34 ur4!u ui c*4&er0!7iie cu !ce P!+i4i 1e +ri4 !4ii "#<-=<%, /tr34,!+r*!+e *r, 1!r t*t !t3t 1e !)er, 1e 341r/4e7, 1e 4e*1i'4it, +recu5 4i=" 34f/7iş!u +ri5ee ui c/r7i 1e=!cu5 !+r*!+e * u5/t!te 1e 0ec* i*&!44i P!+i4i f!ce +!rte 1i4 !ce! f!5iie 1e 0criit*ri eur*+e4ic!re 4=!u cu4*0cut 1ecre+itu1i4e!/SF /tr34e7ii, 4ici i0t*&ire! f!t!/ u4ui +re! 341eu4)!t ef*rt 1e cre!7ie A/turi 1e Cr*ce, 1e Ber4!r1 '!d, 1e:4!5u4*, 1e Ju4) şi, 34truc3t&!, 1e i1e, P!+i4i, ! ş!+teeci 1e !4i 3şi c*4ti4u/ cre!7i! cu !cee!şi &i)*!re c! ! +!trueci 34tr=* !4u5it/ 5/0ur/, !ceşti 0criit*ri 35+/rt/şe0c 4*r*cu ui *et'eF &i!7! *r 4u 0e 35+*tri&eşte*+erei Deşi 0uferi41 1e * )r!&/ 5i*+ie 34c/ 1i4 !1*e0ce47/, şi 1e c37i&! !4i !+r*!+e *r, i*&!44i P!+i4i 3şi35+i4eşte 5u4c! şi cre!7i! 34 !ce!şi rit5 ! ti4ere7ii D*&!1/ !ce rece4t Mic"elangelo, +i4 1e cu0ururi 1!r 4u5!i +u7i4 )e4i!G 1*&!1/, 5!i !e0, Zudecata din urm$, *+er/ c*40i1er!i/, 34 u4/ +!rte ter5i4!t/, şi 34 c!re 0e&! *)i41i c! 34tr=* uri!ş/ fre0c/ 34tre!)! I0t*rie :4i&er0!/ !ş! cu5 e0te e! 347ee!0/ 1e P!+i4i

escubrimientos espirituales, 4e 0+u4e Vi4ti/ @*ri! 34 +ref!7/, e0te titu 0u)er!t 1e P!+i4i u4ei cue)eri 1e0tu1ii şi !rtic*e 1i4 &*u5ee 0!e L:imita)ione del Padre ("#<-. şi %anti e poe&i ("#<8. C! t*t ce=! 0cri0 P!+i4i34 ti5+u şi i5e1i!t 1u+/ r/*i, &*u5ee !ce0te! !u trecut !+r*!+e 4e*0er&!te 1i4c** 1e fr*4tieree It!iei



C*5+!tri*tu 4*0tru ! !e0 teHtee cee 5!i 0u0t!47i!e, e=! *r1*4!t cr*4**)ic şi, 35+reu4/ cu Ei4! Teeri4!1e !0', e=! tr!1u0 34tr=* !15ir!i/ i5/ 0+!4i*/ E0te * 5!re ucurie 0/ re)/0eşti fr!! !5+/, r*u0t/,0ucue4t/, ! ui i*&!44i P!+i4i, fr!! !cee! i4i5it!i/, +e c!re * cu4*!şte5 1i4 5iie ui 1e +!)i4i 1e +r*/, 0=* re)/0eşti 34t*c5!i 34 c!0tii!4/, 1!t*rit/ t!e4tuui şi +rice+erii u4ui c*5+!tri*tu4t !1u4!te !ici * 0erie 1e e0euri 1e0+re Re4!ştere şi 5!i 5ute !rtic*e 1e0+re 5!ri 0criit*ri şi !rtişti 1i4 !teti5+uri (Er!05, Cer&!4te0, '!e0+e!re, Mic'e!4)e*, Afieri. Nu5!i 1*u/ !rtic*e 1e0+re 0criit*rii

c*4te5+*r!4iF u4u 34 e)/tur/ cu @edipe ! ui A41r- i1e, !tu 1e0+re Je!4=P!u !rtre (Ace0t! 1i4 ur5/, f/r/341*i!/, ce! 5!i cru1/ eHecu7ie ! ui !rtre +e c!re !5 cetit=* &re*1!t/G 34trece c'i!r !ce eHtr!*r1i4!r +*rtret !P!+ei eHi0te47i!işti*r +e c!re "=! 0cri0 E5i Ci*r!4, 0u titu ur u4 e4tre+re4eur 1i1ee0, 34 Precis ded=composition+2 Cu5 +!)i4ie 1e f!7/ 4u !c/tuie0c * rece4ie, 35i &*i 34)/1ui 0/ 4u 5/ *+re0c 1ec3t !0u+r!c*4ce+7iei +!+i4ie4e ! Re4!şteriiE0te 34tr=!1e&/r &*r! 1e * 1e0c*+erire 0+iritu!/ Pri4 i4ter+ret!re! ui P!+i4i, Re4!ştere! 1*341eşte * 4*u/1i5e40iu4e, şi t*c5!i +e u4 +!4 u41e 4e !şte+t!5 5!i +u7i4 0=* 1e0c*+eri5F +e +!4u rei)i*0 Re4!ştere!,0+u4e P!+i4i, e0te * re34t*!rcere ! +ri5!tu *at$lui şi, 1eci, ! &iiu4ie şi &!*rie Vec'iuui Te0t!=/S5e4t C! * re!c7ie 35+*tri&! E&uui Me1iu !0cetic şi r!7i*4!i0t, Re4!ştere! c*41uce ! * rec*4ciiere ! *5uuicue 340uşi 1!r şi ! * !+r*+iere 1e Du54eeu +e 1ru5uri 4*i O5u e re0tituit 34 1re+turie 0!eG 1e !icire&!*ri!re! Vie7ii, ! N!turii, ! Artei Artiştii 1e&i4 4*ii )'ii c/tre Du54eeu 34 *cu 0i*)i!47i*r şic*4te5+!ti&i*r, ! ci40te 34 E&u Me1iu Re4!ştere! e0te, 34 feu ei, ec*u 34tru+/riiF tru+ şi 0+irit, *5 şi

Du54eeu 0u4t 1i4 4*u u4i7i, 0u4t 34 c*4c*r1!47/ De !ici i5+*rt!47! imita&iei *at$lui, 1e !ici te41i47! c/tret*t!it!te şi 0i4te/, c!re 1*5i4/ t*!te 5!4ife0t/rie Re4!şteriiAr treui cit!te 5ute +!)i4i, !r treui re+r*1u0e t*!te !r)u5e4tee şi t*!t/ 1*cu5e4t!re! ui P!+i4i, +e4tru ! +ute! !+reci! cu5 0e cu&i4e !ce!0t/ 1e0c*+erire 0+iritu!/ Prefer 0/ !0 cetit*ruui ucuri! 1e !=şi !0i5i!0i4)ur i4ter+ret!re! +!+i4i!4/ E0te 0e54ific!ti&/ !ce!0t/ re&!*ri!re creşti4/ ! Re4!şterii it!ie4e C3t 1ru5 ! +!rcur0 P!+i4i 1e ! !ce ic*4*c!0t i)ionario dell:uomo selvatico, 1e ! !ce f!4!ti05 !4ti5*1er4 c!re 4u cru7!1ec3t +e 0fi47i şi +e !0ce7i E0te +r*!i c/ 4*u! re&!*ri!re ! Re4!şterii 0e 1!t*reşte 34 u4/ +!rte it!ie4it/7iiui P!+i4i, 341re+t/7ituui ui *r)*iu 1e ! !+!r7i4e !ceei +re0ti)i*!0e K*re47e c!re ! 4/0cut şi !1/+*0tit )e4ii şit!e4te f/r/ 4u5/r D!r !ut*ru Vie&ii lui !"ristos r/534e t*tuşi u4 c!t*icG e&i1e4t, cu iert/7ie şi f!4teiiei4e&it!ie u4ui 5!re !rti0t, 1!r 4u 5!i +u7i4 u4 c!t*ic A+r*+iere! ui 1e fe4*5e4u Re4!şterii !re, 1eci, *0e54ific!7ie 0+iritu!/ c!re 1e+/şeşte +r*+riie ui +*i7ii =!r +ute! )'ici 34 re&!*ri!re! creşti4/ ! Re4!şteriiit!ie4e te41i47! 5!*r/ ! c!t*ici05uui 1i4 iee 4*!0tre 1e ! ic'i1! +r*&i4ci!i05ee, 1e ! re)/0i şi +r*5*&! +retuti41e4i u4i&er0!i05u, şi !ce!0t! +e4tru ! f!ciit! 34t34irie şi 0i4teee 1e 53i4e

34 uti5u ti5+, Occi1e4tu ! f/cut 1*u/ 5!ri 1e0c*+eriri, !5341*u/ 1e i4c!cu!ie c*40eci47e 0+iritu!eF !1e0c*+erit valoarea religioas$ a ormelor, +ut341 347ee)e !0tfe e0e47! rei)i*it/7ii !4tic'it/7ii )rec*=!ti4e, şi !1e0c*+erit valoarea religioas$ a %imbolurilor, f/c341u=şi !0tfe !cce0iie c!te)*riie 0+ecifice 0+iritu!it/7i*r!r'!ice şi eH*tice P!+i4i 1e0uşeşte !0t/i 0e54ific!7i! creşti4/ ! +!0ticii Re4!şterii, 1e0cifre!/ 4*0t!)i!P!r!1i0uui c!re 0tr/!te 34 iuire! !rtişti*r +e4tru K*r5ee +erfecte şi 34 +!0iu4e! fi**fi*r=4!tur!işti +e4tru* N!tur/ +r*!0+/t ieşit/ 1i4 53i4ie Cre!t*ruui I4tere0u Re4!şterii +e4tru K*r5ee +erfecte şi +e4truN!tur/ er! i4ter+ret!t +34/ 5!i/SA1eu4/i c! * re34t*!rcere ! &!*rie !4tic'it/7ii )rec*=!ti4e, ! cee! ce 4u5i5 341e*şte +/)34i05 P!+i4i 4e!r!t/ e)/turie 0ecrete !e !ce0tui cut ! K*r5ei +erfecte, !t3t 1e c!r!cteri0tic Re4!şterii, cu 5i0teru 34tru+/riiI4ter+ret!re! ui 0e 34c!1re!/ 34 0+iritu ti5+uuiF Occi1e4tu c!t*ic 4u 4u5!i c/ re!cti&e!/ 1i!*)u cu0+iritu!it/7ie &eci4e, 1!r 34ce!rc/ 0/ re)/0e!0c/ şi 0/ re&!*rifice t*t cee! ce !+!r7i4e, 34 Eur*+! şi !iure!,*at$lui, t*t cee! ce 1e+i41e 1irect 0!u i41irect 1e Vec'iu Te0t!5e4t şi 1e re&e!7iie +ri5*r1i!eF

c*05*)*4iie, Puterie, 0!cr!it!te! N!turii 0opera T!t/ui., maiestatea K*r5e*r Pr*e5! !ce!0t! e +re!1eic!t/ +e4tru ! +ute! fi 1e/tut/ 34tr=u4 0f3rşit 1e !rtic*, şi !0u+r! ei 4e &*5 re34t*!rce cu !t +rie A5 &*it340/ 0/ 0ui4ie 1e +e !cu5 i5+*rt!47! c*4triu7iei !ce0tui 5!re 0criit*r creşti4 c!re e0te i*&!44i P!+i4i Nu e +e4tru +ri5! *!r/ c341 u4 !rti0t +re0i5te şi !4tici+e!/ 0+iritu ti5+uui cu 5!i 5ut/ +reciie 1ec3t *Ac!1e5ie 34tre!)/ 1e 34&/7!7i şi 347ee+7i0îndreptar, 5!i "#>2.

'%P!* 'L J'R@!ELEI P!t*0u, 1i4!5i05u şi re!i05u B!r*cuui 0e eH+ic/ şi +ri4 re!c7i! 35+*tri&! r!7i*4!i05uui Re4!şteriiV*c!7i! B!r*cuuiF I4tui7i! 1r!5!tic/ ! concretului uman1 ! u4ui u5!4 eier!t 1e c!4*!4e şi 4*r5e ri)i1e,eHteri*!re 5*1!it/7ii +r*+rii *5uui (c!re e0teF te40iu4e, 1e&e4ire, c*4fict, c!t!0tr*f/, te41i47! c/trerei4te)r!re! c*4tr!rii*r etc. B!r*cu e0te +ri4 eHcee47/ * !rt/ ! C*4tr!ref*r5ei, 34 c!re 3şi 1!u 34t34ire cee1*u/ 5!ri cure4te *+ri5!te 1e r!7i*4!i05u Re4!şteriiF pateticul şi autenticul (&i0cer!uF c!r4e şi 034)e.Deci, &i*e4t! 1e0c/tuş!re 1e !r'eti+uri, 1e i4iie +ure, 1e 0i5+it!te! 4u1uuiG +!0iu4e !+r*!+e fre4etic/ +e4tru1et!iie c*4crete, !ute4tice, !)*5er!te cu !cee!şi f*!5e +e c!re * 5/rturi0eşte +retuti41e4i &i!7! C/ci B!r*=cu e f!0ci4!t 1e *+ue47!, ri0i+! şi cre!ti&it!te! eHce0i&/, 1!r 4ici*1!t/ !1!r4ic/, ! &ie7ii şi 34ce!rc/ 0/ i5ite,



u4e*ri c'i!r 0/ 0+*re!0c/, !ce!0t/ 4e*1i'4it/ re&/r0!re 1e f*r5eG 34 !r'itectur! !r*c/, u4/*!r/, 4ici u4 0+!7iu)*, 4ici u4 +erete +ur, 4ici u4 &*u5 /0!t !ut*4*5, ci +retuti41e4i !1!*0uri, *r4!5e4te, c*+ii/OB1i4 re!it!te! c*05ic/, i0t*ric/ 0!u creşti4=5it**)ic/G !)*5er!re 1e cu*ri &ii (re!e., 1e 0t*fe, !ur/rii,i5!)i4i()*ri*!0e 0!u !)*4ice, 1!r t*t1e!u4! 0!tur!te 1e re!F !cri5ie !ute4tice !e 5!1*4e*r, 03')ee 1e +!rc/!cu5 !r fi 73ş4it ! r/4i*r M;4tuit*ruui etc.

Nu treuie uit!t c/, !/turi 1e 5!rii 5i0tici !i C*4tr!ref*r5ei (f34t! Tere0! 1e Je0u0, f I*!4 ! Crucii, Kr!Lui0 1e Le14., * +uter4ic/ 5işc!re 1e 1e&*7iu4e 5i0tic/ ! c*4triuit, 34tr=* 5/0ur/ e)!/, 0/ 0!&ee Bi0eric!r*5!4*=c!t*ic/F şi !4u5e, cutu Keci*!rei M/ri! Mi0tic! 5!ri!4ic/ ! !ti40 34 0ec*ee ! gVI=e! ! gV@=e! +r*+*r7ii 4e/4uite +34/ !tu4ci 34 i0t*ri! creşti4i05uui *cci1e4t! Acee ur3te 0t!tui !e fi4tei Keci*!re re!i0te, 34c/rc!te 1e &e0t5i4te, f*ri, 0i5*uri, 0!tur!te 1e cu*!re! *c!/ 0!ti0f/ce!u 0ete! 1e c*4cret şi1e +!tetic ! 0tr!turi*r +*+u!re L!40341u=0e cutu 5!ri!4ic (eHi0te4t şi +34/ !tu4ci 34 Occi1e4t, 1!r 4ici*1!t/ +r*5*&!t +e +ri5u +!4., 0=!u 1e0c/tuş!t uri!şe f*r7e 0+iritu!eG t*!t/ +!0iu4e! +e4tru c*4cretu eH+erie47e*rrei)i*!0e, t*!t/ 0ete! 1e +!tetic, 1e )r!41i*0 şi 1e er*ic, ! f*0t 341e0tu!t/ +ri4 +r*ce0iu4i, it!4ii, ic*4*)r!fie,!r'itect*4ic/ şi 5i0tic/ B!r*cu 34 cutu 5!ri!4ic c! şi 34 t*!te cee!te 4i&euri 0+iritu!e c!re 3i 0u4t0+ecifice i)4*r/ !r'eti+u, ti41e c/tre &i0cer! şi i5e1i!t, c/tre +!t*0u i41i0cret, eH+ri5!t +ri4 )e0ticu!7ii,urete, cu*ri &ii, !ur, 1urere !ter4!t/ cu &*u+t!te etc D*4 Ju!4 e0te +ri4 eHcee47/ * cre!7ie şi * 0tructur/ = !r*c/ 34cur!!re! 1e&*7iu4ii şi ! eH+erie47ei 5i0tice 4=! f*0t f/r/ ri0curi A/turi 1e 5!rii 5!eştri !iC*4tr!ref*r5ei, u4 34tre) cure4t 0+iritu!, 34 c!re 5i0tic! 3şi 34)/1ui! i4ci1e4te t*t 5!i &i4*&!te cu er*tic!, 3şi

cr*i0e 1ru5, 4u 4u5!i 34 5e1iie 5*41e4=rei)i*!0e, ci şi 34 534/0tiri u4t !ş!=4u5i7ii iu5i4!7i 0losalumbrados2, c!re !5e4i47!u ! u4 5*5e4t 1!t 0/ tr!40f*r5e c!t*ici05u Pe4i40uei Ierice 34tr=* 1e&*7iu4e!!r5!4t/, 1e ti+ vais"nava, 34 c!re er*tic! 5i0tic/ 1*341e! 34t3iet!te! I4ter&e47i! !0+r/ ! I4c'ii7iei ! +u0 c!+/t +ri5e1iei D!r c3t 1e 5ut 0e 34c!1r! 5işc!re! iu5i4!7i*r 34 0tiu 5i0ticii C*4tr!ref*r5ei , * 1*&e1eşte34tre !tee şi f!+tu c/ 5!eştrii 34tre 5!eştri f3't! Tere0!, fericitu Ju!4 1e p&i! şi f34tu I)4!7iu 1eL**! e 340uşi !u f*0t 0u0+ect!7i c! fii41 alumbrados şi !4c'et!7i 1e f34tu OficiuP!t*0u, 1i4!5i05u şi re!i05u B!r*cuui 0e &erific/ şi 34 !te cuturi Bu4/*!r/, 34 I41i! 5e1ie&!/, cu furi*!0!re&/r0!re ! cutuui ri0'4!it, cu er*tic! 5i0tic/ +r*5*&!t/ !t3t 1e t!4tri05 c3t/O/şi 1e vais"nava (hri0'4! şi +/0t*ri7ee., cu +reu4)irie ei 34 !4u5ite şc*i &e1!4ti4e (V!!'!., cu i4&!i!cute*r +*+u!re, ! feurite*r !ute4ticit/7i e)!te 1e i4fi4it! &!riet!te et4ic/ ! I41iei, cu i5+*rt!47! cre0c3'1/ !ic*4*)r!fiei 34 +r!cticie rei)i*!0e etc 34tre!)! 5işc!re 5i0tic/ i41i!4/, c!re 34ce+e cu &ict*ri! cutuui uihri0'4! şi !ti4)e !+*)eu 34 C'!it!4i!, +*!te fi 34c!1r!t/ 34 f*r5uee 0tiuui !r*c i, c! şi B!r*cu

*cci1e4t!, !ce!0t/ 5işc!re 340et!t/ 1e eH+erie47! 5i0tic/ !ute4tic/, 1e c*4cret, 1e +!t*0 er! * re!c7ie35+*tri&! r!7i*4!i05uui 5et!fiicii şi ritu!=i05uui *rt*1*Hiei r!'5!4ice 34 !ce!0t/ re!c7iu4e, 34t*c5!i c! şi34 B!r*cu *cci1e4t!, Ke5ei! i4tuit/ 34 t*!te 5*1!it/7ie ei ! uc!t u4 r* 1e 0e!5/G Ke5ei! şi Dr!)*0te!,347ee0e c! +*0iiit/7i 1e cu4*!ştere re!/, !ute4tic/, ! 1i&i4it/7ii E&i1e4t, 34 !5ee c!uri, !t3t 34 Orie4t c3t şi34 Occi1e4t, 0tiu !r*c ! c'e5!t ! &i!7/, 0!u 5!i i4e i0 ! !ute4tific!t * 0e!5/ 1e tr/iri şi te41i47e +*+u!re A0e5e4e! cure4te 341e0tue!/ 34t*t1e!u4! 1*ri47! 1e eH+erie47/ c*4cret/ rei)i*!0/ ! 0tr!turi*r +*+u!reC! u4 +*0t=0cri+tu5 ! 4*t! 1e 5!i 0u0F Cre1 c/ *1!t/ 0e &! 347ee)e e+*c! "#2$="#<$ c! * re!c7iu4e +i4/ 1e +!t*0 35+*tri&! r!7i*4!i05uui 0ec*uui ! gg=e! +reu4)it +34/ 34 ti5+u +ri5uui r/*i 5*41i! C3te&!tr/0/turi c!r!cteri0tice !e !ce0tui ti5i1 B!r*c "#2$="#<$F te41i47! c/tre !ute4tic, +!0iu4e! +e4tru ur4!u i4ti5,eH+eri5e4t!i05u, 5i0tic! +er0*4!/, eH*ti05u, !ter4!47ee, re!i05u, re1e0c*+erire! !0ur1uui, !)e0turi*r 5!ri, i4ci1e47ee cu +*iticu 1e 34!t/ te40iu4e, eHii7i*4i05u, +0eu1*5*rf*ee, teriii05u0@ri)onturi, !+riie=iu4ie "#>2.

N#*R *@MI% ŞI R'V##'A0cut şi cite0c +e +*e7ii şi +r*!t*rii r*5;4i 1i4 eHi, şi 5/ 34tre, 34t*t1e!u4! cu !cee!şi tuure 34fri)ur!reF34c*tr* 0e=41re!+t/^ +re c!re 7/r5^Du54eeu 0i4)ur ştie u41e 4e &*5 !f!, fiec!re 1i4 4*i, 34 ci+! 1i4 ur5/, c3ft1 4e &*5 1e0+ri41e +e4trut*t1e!u4! 1e +/534t :4*r! e &! fi 1!t 0/=şi re&!1/ !ie&e! 7!r!G !7ii 4u * &*r 5!i +ute! )'ici 1ec3t 1e 1i4c** 1eVe!c, 1i4 eter4it!te P34/ !tu4ci, 0criit*rii, şi 341e*0ei +*e7ii, 3şi +*!rt/ cu ei, +e *riu41e i=! 53'!t 4e4*r*cu,/OSi5!)i4e! Q/rii +ier1ute O +*!rt/ cu ei, e +re! +u7i4 0+u0G 5!i 1e)r!/ 0u4t +urt!7i şi 4utri7i ei 1e e!, 1e ic*!4!!urit/ ! Q/riiG c/ci 4u5!i 1*ru, 5e!4c*i! şi +340u +/0tre!/ &ii şi 34tre)i +e !ceşti 1e07/r!7i, c!re 4u 5!i +*t +ri41e 4ic/ieri r/1/ci4i Nu 5!i P*t 4u +e4tru c/ !r fi 4işte i4!1!+t!ii, ci +e4tru c/ 4u=şi +*t +/0tr! i4te)rit!te!0+iritu!/ 1ec3t 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re cree!/ I!r +*e7ii, 0criit*rii 0+re 1e*0eire 1e i4)i4eri, 1e 5uic!47i, 1e!rtiştii +!0tici !u c! i40tru5e4t 1e cre!7ie i5!uG !1ic/, 0u4t ur0i7i s] 0crie 4u5!i +e4tru !i *r Oriu41e 0=!r !f!, 34 *rice +ei0!, ei 4u +_t 0crie 1ec3t cu )3'1u ! Q!r/ şi +e4tru cei c!re !u r/5!0 !c**Au 5!i f*0t 5!ri +*e7i 1e07/r!7i, c!re !u 0uferit şi i=!u 0ftrşit iee 1e+!rte 1e P!trie Aş! ! f*0t O&i1iu,0ur)'iu4it ! T*5i0, 1e u41e=şi tri5ete! 4e534)3i!tee *ristia+ Aş! ! f*0t, 5!i !e0, D!4te, c!re ! tr/it uti5ii



1*u/eci 1e !4i 1e+!rte 1e K*re47!, 5i0tui41u=0e 1i4 +rici4! r/ut/7ii şi ! +r*0tiei ce*r c!re=i 0t/+34e!u !tu4cicet!te! D!r c3t/ 1e*0eire 34tre u4u şi ce/!t Nu 5 )341e0c ! 1i0t!47! c!re 0e 34ti41e 34tre )e4iie *r +*etice, !t3t dfi 1iferite, ci ! 1*ru 1e 7!r/, ! i5!)i4e! +e c!re * !&e!u, fiec!re 1i4 ei, 1e0+re +r*+riie *rP!trii, 1i4 c!re fu0e0er/ i)*4i7i O&i1iu 4u 0=! +utut 4ici*1!t/ c*40*! c/ ! f*0t 05u0 1i4 0+e41*!re! R*5eii5+eri!eG 34 !ce0t trecut +!r!1i0i!c, +e4tru t*t1e!u4! !*it, 0e re34t*rce! e, f/r/ *1i'4/ Nu 0e 5!i +ute!1e0+ri41e 1i4 +r*+riie ui !5i4tiriG 4u 5!i +ute! 0/ tr/i!0c/G !i! 1!c/ 3şi 0u+r!&ie7ui!

D!4te, 1i5+*tri&/, şi=! 0t/+34it /r/teşte 0*!rt! D*ru 1e K*re47! 3 5i0tui! şi +e eG 34tr=!t3t, 34c3t u4ii !r fi 0+u0c/ ! 0cri0 ivina !ommedia 4u5!i c! 0/ i 0e +*!t/ ri1ic! 0ur)'iu4u I4 *rice c!, D!4te ! 0uferit +34/ 34!13'curie fii47ei ui ru+ere! 1e P!trie D!r 4=! !cce+t!t 4ici u4 c*5+r*5i0 c! 0/ 0e +*!t/ re34t*!rce M!i 5utF!ce0t i4cur!i f*re4ti4, c!re 4u=şi +ute! 34c'i+ui e!titu1i4e 5!i 5!re 1ec3t 0/ +/şe!0c/ 1i4 4*u 34 ! 0/u e!4 i*&!45, !ce0t +!tri*t ire1uctii iuti0e 0/ 1e+/şe!0c/, +*!te ce 1i4t3i 1i4tre c*4te5+*r!4ii ui, 4u4u5!i i1ee! !ut*4*5iei +*itice ! K*re47ei, 1!r c'i!r şi +e !cee! ! u4it/7ii It!ieiG şi 1e5*40tr!, 34 e

Monarc"ia, 4ece0it!te! u4it/7ii u5ii eur*+e4e, 0i4)ur! 0*u7ie +*0ii/ +e4tru ! re*&! !t3t c*4fictu !te4t 34treP!+/ şi 35+/r!t c6 / " te40iu4ie i0t*rice !e t!te*r creşti4e D!4te &e1e! +ete &e!curiF +r*feti! 34 u4)u ui0ur)'iu4, ! 34/7!t, +i!tr/ cu +i!tf/, ce! 5!i 5!re c/1ire +*etic/ ! Eur*+ei 5*1e5e şi t*t*1!t/ şi=! +u0 cur!= *0 5!rie +r*e5e +*itice !e ti5+uui EHiu 4u "=! 1u'*ritG 4ici 5/c!r 4u "=! 35+u7i4!t Di5+*tri&/, t*7icercet/t*rii 0u4t e !c*r1 c//OOf/r/ u4)u 0ur)'iu4 ! ui D!4te, 4=!5 fi !&ut ivina !ommediaG 4=!5 fi !&ut=*, ce +u7i4, !t3t 1e 5!e0tu*!0/,

1e !5e7it*!re, 1e 4e0f3rşit/De !cee! 5i 0e +!re c/ 0criit*rii r*5;4i 1i4 eHi, şi 34 +ri5u r341 +*e7ii, !r treui 0/=şi !5i4te!0c/ 5!i 5ut 1eD!4te, şi 5!i +u7i4 1e O&i1iu Pe D!4te 0/ 4i=" u/5 1e 5*1e / 34cerc/5, 1u+/ +uterie 4*!0tre, 0/ 0t/+34i5 /r/teşte 1*ru, 4*0t!)i! 1u+/ +ei0!)iie şi e!titu1i4ie /0!te 34 Q!r/ / 4e 0ii5 0/ &!*rific/5 1e07/r!re!,c*40i1er341=* c! * )re! şi u4)/ încercare ini&iatic$, 5e4it/ 0/ 4e +urifice şi 0/ 4e tr!40f*r5e / 4u 4e 0+erieeH+re0i! 34cerc!re i4i7i!tic/ Orice 5!re 0uferi47/ +*!te 1e&e4i * i4i7iereG !1ic/, +*!te f!ciit!, !ut*=re&e!re!u4*r re!it/7i 1e u4 *r1i4 0u+eri*r, i4!cce0iie c*41i7iei +r*f!4e Orice 341eu4)/ r/t/cire +ri4 34tu4eric (1e*rice 4!tur/ !r fi !ce0t 34tu4eric. ec'i&!e!/ cu * r/t/cire 34 !iri4tG !1ic/, +e +!4 rei)i*0, u4ui drum spre!entru, u4ei i4i7eriDeci, 34 c!u 4*0tru, ! 0criit*ri*r 1i4 eHi, P!tri!, 1e+/rt!t/, i4!cce0ii/, !r +ute! fi u4 +!r!1i0 34 c!re !5iuti 0/ +/tru41e5 0+iritu!iceşteG !1ic/, 34 0+irit, 34 tain$, 1!r 4u 5!i +u7i4 real+ C/ci !ce!0t/ P!trie 34ce+e0/ 0e5e4e cu Ieru0!i5u cere0c ! e&rei*r 1i4 c!+ti&it!teF cet!te 4u 5!i +u7i4 re!/ c! ce/!t Ieru0!i5,tere0tru, 1!r 1e * cu t*tu !t/ 4!tur/ / 4u uit/5 c/ !ş! ! u!t fii47/ Ieru0!i5u cere0c, !1ic/ !1e&/r!tu

ce4tru 0+iritu! ! iu1!i05uui +*0t=eHiicF 1i4 !cri5ie şi 1*rurie tutur*r e&rei*r 1uşi 34 c!+ti&it!te, 1!r &/ut,347ee0 şi eH+ic!t +ri4 )e4iu u4ei eite, şi 34 +ri5u r341 ! +r*fe7i*r/ 4u fiu )reşit 347ee0 Nu &*re0c 1e ce &! fi, i0t*riceşte, +*iticeşte, R*5;4i! 1e 53i4e Q!r! re!/ 34 c!re u4ii1i4 4*i 0e &*r 34t*!rce E &*r! 1e imaginea Q/rii +e c!re * +urt/5 cu 4*i, !ici, 34 eHiG 1e ce +*t f!ce cu e! +*e7ii şi +r*!t*rii M!i t3riu, 34 +!trie, c341 4*i 4u &*5 5!i fi, i!r i5!)i4ie, 1*rurie şi 4*0t!)iie 4*!0tre&*r 0u+r!&ie7ui +ri4tre ur5!şi 4u5!i 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re ee !u f*0t tr!40f*r5!te 34 &!*ri 0+iritu!eG 5!i t3riu,cre!7iie !ce0te! &*r +ute! fi i4te)r!te 1iferite*r i1e**)ii, şi &*r +ute! c'i!r 1*341i 0e54ific!7ii +*itice Aş! 0=!u +etrecut ucrurie cu u4ee &iiu4i !e +r*fe7i*r e&rei, cu u4ee cre!7ii +*etice !e ui D!4teG 0!u cu !4u5ite5ituri şi 0i5*uri i41ie4e, +reu!te şi utii!te 1e 5işc/rie +*itice c!re !u c*41u0 ! eier!re! I41ieiD!r 4u 1e0+re e&e4tu!! c*4triu7ie ! +*e7i*r şi +r*!t*ri*r 1i4 eHi ! i1e**)i! +*itic/ ! R*5;4iei 1e 53i4e&re!u 0/ &*re0c/O;!ici M/ )341e0c 1*!r ! ce &*r f!ce +*e7ii !cu5F 0e &*r !5e4t!, 4u5!i, c! O&i1iu, 0!u 3şi &*r +r*iect! 1*ru 34

cerurie 34!te, 34)ereşti !e ui Ai)'ieri^ De0i)ur, )e4iu 0!&e!/ *rice cre!7ie +*etic/, *ric!re i=!r fi*rie4t!re! Ci4e 4u 0e &! ucur! 1!c/ iric! r*5;4e!0c/ 0e &! 35*)/7i cu 4*i, 1uci şi 0f3şiet*!re *ristia? D!r +!rc/ t*t 1e D!4te Ai)'ieri 4e 0i57i5 5!i= !+r*!+e E 0i4)ur 4e=!r +ute! fi cu !1e&/r!t duca e maestro+ Pe4truc/ ru+ere! 1e P!trie 4u "=! f/cut +ri*4ieru u4ui trecut 4ec*4te4it i1e!i!t 1e 4*0t!)ie Pe4tru c/ 1r!)*0te! 1ecet!te! ui 4u i=! 34tu4ec!t uci1it!te!, 4ici 0i57u re!it/7i*r i0t*rice D!r 5!i !e0 +e4tru c/ ! ştiut 0/=şitr!40f*r5e destinul 34tr=* i4i7iereF 0uferi47ee i=!u f*0t a9utoare c! 0/ 0e re)/0e!0c/ +e 0i4e, !1ic/ 0/ 0e cu4*!0c/şi 0/ 0e i! 34 0t/+34ire N=! &rut 0/=şi +*t*e!0c/ 1*ru 1e Q!r/, cu5 4=! &rut 0/ 0e c*40*ee 1e +ier1ere!Be!tricei Di5+*tri&/, ! 34ci40 f*cu şi 0=! /0!t 5i0tuit 1e e D!r f/c/rie !cee! 1e t!i4/ !u f*0t t*t !f3te! tre+te34 1ru5u ui c/tre Cer Dru5 +e c!re 3 cu4*0cu0er/ 4e4u5/r!7i 5i0tici şi te**)i 34!i4te! ui D!r +e c!re, ce1i4f3i şi +34/ !cu5 0i4)uru D!4te "=! urc!t ca poet+Ar fi !u40 0/=" urce, 1!c/, 34 *c 0/ +rie)e!0c/ şi 0/ !1*!r5/ 34 eHi, !R!&e44!, D!4te !r fi tr/it şi şi=!r fi34c'ei!t iee 34 !ce!dol)e e gaia terra florentina, fontana di valore e dipia)en)a, Hor de l:altre, ioren)a+++ ?G0îndreptar, iuie "Y#>2.!R' N# I%*@RI



N*i, r*5;4ii, 4u !&e5 4ici u4 5*ti& 0/ i1*!tri/5 I0t*ri! Pri4tre 4e!5urie f/r/ 4*r*c, 4e 4u5/r/5 34 fru4teC/ 0/ 0u+r!&ie7ui5 34 I0t*rie, 4e=!r4 i0t*&it 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 0=!u c'etuit !te 4e!5uri c! 0/ cucere!0c/ +/534tu Nic*!e I*r)! 0+u4e! c/ 4e4*r*cu 4i 0e tr!)e 1e ! AeH!41ru M!c'e1*4F 34 *c 0/=şi ri1ice +ri&irie 0+re 5i!/=4*!+te şi 0/ u4e!0c/ t*!te 4e!5urie tr!cice 34tr=u4 5!re i5+eriu, AeH!41ru 0=! /0!t !tr!0 34 *rit! ci&ii!7iei5e1iter!4ee4e şi, !u40 34 cu5e! +uterii, 0=! 341re+t!t 0+re A0i! Tr!cii, c!re 1u+; 0+u0! ui @er*1*t, er!u ce5!i 4u5er*0 +*+*r 1u+/ i41ie4i, !u +ier1ut, +ri4 AeH!41ru, 0i4)ur! *r ş!40/ 1e ! i4tr! 34 i0t*ri! u4i&er0!/ c!

f!ct*r !ut*4*5G ei !u c*4triuit ! f!cere!/O<i0t*riei, 1!r 34 4u5ee !t*r!F 34 4u5ee I5+eriuui R*5!4 0!u ! Bi!47uui, +ri4 35+/r!7ii, *0t!şii şi fu4c7i*4!rii +e c!re i=!u 1!t, cu +ri0*0i47/, !t3t R/0/rituui c3t şi A+u0uui D!r Nic*!e I*r)! ! 347ee0 !15ir!i c*40eci47ee341e+/rt!te !e )e0tuui ui AeH!41ru M!c'e1*4F uri!şu reer&*r 1e *!5e4i, e4er)ii şi 5ituri +e c!re 3c*40titui! 0+!7iu !c!4*=c!r+!tic 4u şi=! 5!i +utut )/0i 1e=!tu4ci +rie 1e ! i4tr!, 5!0i& şi 1e 0i4e 0t/t/t*r, 34I0t*rie P*iticeşte, tr!cii !u +ierit f/r/ ur5!şi Ce 5!i 4u5er*0 +*+*r 1u+/ i41ie4i 0=! ri0i+it şi 0=! !5e0tec!tcu !te 4e!5uri 34!i4te 1e ! 5!i fi !&ut ti5+ 0/ 35+i4e!0c/, 34 4u5ee iui, u4 r* 5!*r 34 I0t*rie = O 5ie 1e!4i 34 ur5/, ! !&ut *c cee! ce +ute5 4u5i +e 1re+t cu&34t * c!t!0tr*f/ 1e i4c!cu!ie c*40eci47e +e4tru i0t*ri!r*5;4i*rF 0!&ii !u *cu+!t Pe4i40u! B!c!4ic/ şi 0=!u 34ti40 +34/ ! A1ri!tic! M!re! u4it!te et4ic/, i4)&i0tic/şi cutur!/ +e c!re, 34 +*fi1! tutur*r 4/&/iri*r !r!re, * !c/tui! r*5!4it!te! *rie4t!/ (c!re 0e 4u5e! c'i!r,1i4 0ec*u ! IV=e! 1u+/ C'ri0t*0, R*5;4i!. ! f*0t 1efi4iti& 0f/r35!t/ Ne!5u r*5;4e0c 0e &! f*r5! +e *34ti41ere i5e40/ 1i4 B!c!4i +34/ 34 5u47ii T!trei : 1!r 1e0ti4u ui +*itic &! fi i5it!t ! D!ci! P*iticeşte,

r*5!4it!te! 0u1=1u4/re!4/ &! fi c*41!54!t/G c! şi Tr!ci! 1u+/ AeH!41ru M!c'e1*4, R*5;4i! *rie4t!/ &!0er&i 1e0ti4ee !t*r! P*0iiit/7ie u4ui *r)!4i05 +*itic u4it!r, /5i0i41u=0e 34 0+!7iu 34tre)ii R*5;4i!, !uf*0t 1efi4iti& !4u!te +ri4 !şe!re! 5!0i&/ ! 0!&i*r 34 Pe4i40u! B!c!4ic/De ce=!5 i1*!tri!, 4*i, r*5;4ii, I0t*ri!^ De0ci41e5 1i4=tr=u4u 1i4 4e!5urie cee 5!i 4u5er*!0e 1i4 u5e,şi +r!fu 0=! !e0 1e eG 4ici 5/c!r i5! 4u i 0e 5!i cu4*!şte A5 f/cut +!rte 1i4tr=* R*5;4i! 1e trei *ri 5!i5!re 1ec3t D!ci!, şi &ici0itu1i4ie I0t*riei !u 0f/r35!t=* 1efi4iti&G * 53'/ 1e 5!ce1*4e4i treuie 0/ +/te!0c/ şi!0t/i, cu !cri5i 0!u cu 034)e, 4e4*r*cu 1e ! 0e fi 4/0cut r*5;4i T*!t/ u5e! e 1e !c*r1 c/ 1!cii 0e !f!u!şe!7i +e +/534tu 4*0tru cu ce +u7i4 * 5ie 1e !4i 34!i4te 1e C'ri0t*0G şi cu t*!te !ce0te! !5 f*0t 0i4)uru +*+*reur*+e!4 c/rui! i 0=! c*4te0t!t 1re+tu 1e ! 0t/+34i 7!r! +e c!re !u *cuit=* 5*şii şi 0tr/5*şii ui I0t*ri! 4e!5uuir*5;4e0c 4=! f*0t 1ec3t * u4)/, 4ec*4te4it/, '!uci4!4t/ 'e5*r!)ie Ne=!5 !c/tuit 34tr=u4 ur!)!4 şi !5 cre0cut34tre &if*re P*+*r 1e fr*4tier/, u+t!5 şi 5ure!5 +e4tru t*7i Mure!5, 5!i !e0, +/ti41 5i*+i! şi 4e)'i*i!!t*r! C/ci Occi1e4tu 4u recu4*şte! +e 1uş5!4 1ec3t 1!c/=" &e1e! ! e !c!0/ I!r 1!c/ 0e 34t35+! &re*1!t/ 0/=" recu4*!0c/ 1e 1e+!rte, şi 0e ur4e! 0/=" 34t35+i4e, t*t 1e)e!! er!G c/ci 0tr!te)i! trece! +e ! 1*ie!

/OC +!4, /0341 *cu )e*ii*r şi +r*t*c*uui i4)ur! c*!i7ie *cci1e4t!/ 35+*tri&! *t*5!4i*r 0=! tr!40f*r5!t, ! Nic*+*e, 34 c!t!0tr*f/, +e4tru c/ Ducee 1e Bur)u41i! ! cerut +e4tru c!&!erii ui *4*!re! 1e ! !t!c! 34t3iO4*!re! !ce!0t! 4u * +ute! !&e! 34 4ici u4 c! Mirce!, u4 iet +ri4ci+e r*5;4, 1eşi er! 0i4)uru c!re cu4*şte!t!ctic! ui B!i!i1, 0i4)uru c!re 0e u+t!0e cu e, şi=" /tu0e, 4u5!i cu 1*i !4i 34!i4te, ! R*&i4eI0t*ri! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c e !c/tuit/ 1i4 !f3t! 034)e şi !t3t! 4e4*r*c 1!t*rit/ 34 +ri5u r341 i4c!+!cit/7iiOcci1e4tuui 1e ! &e1e! 1i4c*tr* &i4e +ri5e1i! Pe 4*i, ti5+ 1e ci4ci 0ec*e, 4e=! 0c*0 1i4 i0t*rie &ict*ri!I5+eriuui *t*5!4G şi !ce!0t/ &ict*rie 0e 1!t*reşte 4e+uti47ei *cci1e4t!i*r 1e ! 0e u4i 35+*tri&! u4ui 1uş5!4c*5u4 Ti5+ 1e 0ec*e, !5 u+t!t 0i4)uri @/r7ui!5 4ec*4te4it !r5!tee turceşti, cu +re7u +e c!re=" şti5F tr/i!534 !f!r! I0t*riei I0t*ri! 0e f/ce! 34 A+u0G f/r/ 4*i, 1!r 1!t*rit/ şi 034)eui 4*0tru Occi1e4t!ii 4u şe1e!u 4ici eicu 53i4ie 34 034, ci 0e u+t!uG 1!r 0e u+t!u 34tre ei E&i1e4t, u+t! !ce!0t! 34tre fr!7i, &eri şi cu54!7i 4u +ute!!&e! !cee!şi 034)er*!0/ i4te40it!te c!, +ri4 +/r7ie 4*!0tre, u+t! cu turcii şi t/t!rii e !r1e!u *r!şee şi +e=!c**, +ri4 A+u0, 1!r +!rc/ t*t 5!i r/534e! ce&! Occi1e4tu e *)!t 34 rui4i, şi t*!te 0u4t i0t*rice L! 4*i, 4u

r/534e! 4i5ic, 4ici * ur5/, 34c/ 1e +e ti5+u 4/&/iri*r !r!re, *!5e4ii 34&/7!0er/ cu5 0/=şi !r1/ 0!tee şi0/ e ref!c/, 34 +ri5/&!r! ur5/t*!re Ci&ii!7i! 4*!0tr/ 7/r/4e!0c/ 0e !1!+t!0e 4i&euui &e)et! ! c!re *re1u0e0e I0t*ri! Aşe/rie r*5;4eşti 1i0+/re!uşi re!+/re!u=cu !cee!şi ire1uctii/, 5i0teri*!0/ 34c/+/734!re !&e)et!7iei 34 ti5+u !ce0t!, ! * 5ie, 1*u/ 1e i*5etri 0+re A+u0, 0e 34/7!u c!te1r!ee, 0e 35*)/7e!u c!0teee,0e 34fru5u0e7!u 534/0tirie şi *!5e4ii !&e!u +rieu, 5/c!r ! r/0ti5+uri, 0/ cite!0c/ +e 0fi47i, +e te**)i şi +e +*e7i, 0/ 347ee!)/ c/ 0u4t *!5e4i şi 0/ 0e ucure c/ tr/ie0c *5e4eşte i!r 4u c! fi!ree 0/!tice, +ri4 5u47i şi +ri4 +/1uri, c! 0tr/5*şii 4*ştri, c!re 4u !&e!u !t/ &i4/ 1ec3t !cee! 1e ! 0e fi 4/0cut 34 c!e! r/ut/7i*rA5i4ti41u=şi 1e E&u Me1iu r*5;4e0c, 1e !ce!0t/ e4i)5/ şi 5ir!c* c!re e0te, +e4tru eru1i7i, 0u+r!&ie7uire!4e!5uui 4*0tru, Luci!4 B!)! 0+u4e! c/, ti5+ 1e u4 5ie4iu, r*5;4ii !u 0!*t!t I0t*ri! K*r5u! e i4eH!ct/şi 4e1re!+t/ R*5;4ii 4=!u 0!*t!t I0t*ri! Au 34fru4t!7=* şi i=!u rei0t!t 1i4 t*!te +uterie *r D!c/ !r fi &rut 0=*0!*tee, 4=!r fi +urt!t c3te ci4cieci, ş!ieci 1e r/*!ie +e 0ec* Ar fi 1e0c'i0 !r) +*r7ie şi !r fi /0!t 1uş5!4u0/ tre!c//OF 5!i 1e+!rte, 0+re ce4tru şi A+u0u Eur*+ei Ar fi /0!t 0/ 5/rş/ui!0c/ I0t*ri!, c! +e &re5e! ui Atti!, +34/ !Ore!40 şi Mi!4* Aş! cu5 0=! şi 34t35+!t, 1e !tfe, c341 'e5*r!)i! 0ec*e*r ! gV=e! ! gVI=e! !



34ce+ut 0/=şi !r!te r*!1eeF 1*u/eci 1e !4i 1u+/ 5*!rte! ui tef!4 ce M!re, Bu1! er! +ref/cut/ 34 +!ş!3cG*+teci 1e !4i 1u+/ 5*!rte! ui Mi'!i Vite!u, turcii !0e1i!u Vie4! ("-86. D!r, 1i4 fericire +e4tru Occi1e4t,I5+eriu *t*5!4 c!re 0e +re)/te! 0/=i c!ce 34 curte 4u 5!i !&e! f*r7! +e c!re * !&u0e0e cu trei 0ec*e 34 ur5/K*r7! !ce!0t! uri!ş/ 0e i0t*&i0e 34 trec/t*!re! +e c!re * !c/tui!u 7/rie r*5;4eşti şi &eci4ii *rF 1e ! Du4/re! 1e *0 +34/ ! Vie4!, e=!u treuit *t*5!4i*r trei 0ute 1e !4i P34/ ! ur5/, !u ieşit 1i4 trec/t*!re 1!r !t3t 1e0/i7i 34c3t 4=!u !&ut ti5+ 1ec3t 0/ r/0ufeG c! 0/ 5!i +ri41/ +uteri şi 0/ 0e 34t*!rc/ !c!0/ M!i !e0 c/ !cu5, !

0f3rşitu 0ec*uui ! gVII=e!, Occi1e4tu 0e 34t/ri0e c*40i1er!i 34 !ce0te trei 0ec*e, Eur*+! *cci1e4t!/ 0e +re)/ti0e +e4tru 'e)e5*4i! u5ii şi !şte+t!, 34cre/t*!re, /t/i! 1eci0i&/ D!r /t/i! !ce!0t! 4ici 4=! 5!i f*0t4e&*ie 0=* 1e! 34 f!7! *cci1e4t!i*r 4u 0e 5!i !f!, c! 34 c35+iie c!t!!u4ice, *!0te! 340+/i534t/t*!re şi i4t!ct/! ui Atti!, ci r/5/şi7ee u4ei !r5!te 1e i+&!ie 0ur+ri40e 34tr=* trec/t*!re, '/r7uite, 1eci5!te şi i0t*&ite 1e trei0ec*e 1e u+t/A0t! 4u 340e!54/ 0!*t!re! I0t*riei A0t! 340e!54/, ce 5ut, 4e4*r*cu 1e ! 35+i4i * 5i0iu4e i0t*ric/ 1e0!crificiu, 5i0iu4e 1e c!re 4ici 5/c!r 4u 0e 7i4e 0e!5! 34 i0t*ri*)r!fie C/ci, 1i4 +/c!te, c*4ştii47! i0t*ric/*cci1e4t!/ 4=! &!*rific!t 34c/ 5i0iu4e! +*+*!re*r 1e fr*4tier/, c!re !u 34)/1uit Eur*+ei !+u0e4e 0/ 1e&i4/cee! ce ! f*0t +34/ 5!i ieriF 0t/+34! u5ii i !0t!, 4u +e4tru c/ ucrurie 1e c!re &*ri5 4=!r fi cu4*0cute 34Occi1e4t Ce +u7i4 * +!rte 1i4 i0t*ricii *cci1e4t!i cu4*0c t*!te !ce0te f!+te şi=şi 1!u 0e!5! 1e 340e54/t!te! *rG1!r 4u +*t f!ce 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 0/ e 34re)i0tree 34 0tu1ii şi c/r7i C*4ştii47! e*!0/ ! t*t!it/7ii *cci1e4t!i*r 4u +*!te, 340/, &!*rific! u4 0!crificiu, * 5i0iu4e 4e)!ti&/, ! u4ui +*+*r 1e+/rt!t, 1e fr*4tier/De ce=!5 i1*!tri!, 4*i, r*5;4ii, I0t*ri!^ De ce=!5 u0tific! 34f35+/rie i0t*rice +e4tru 0i5+u 5*ti& c/ 0=!u

34t35+!t, c/ !u !&ut *c 34 I0t*rie, c/ !u f*0t +r*5*&!te 1e I0t*rie^ @e)e 0cri!F D!c/ recu4*!şte5 c/ ucrurie0u4t !ş! cu5 0u4t +ri4 4ece0it!te, !1ic/ 4u !ritr!r, &*5 recu4*!şte şi c/ !ş! treuie 0/ fie A1ic/F 1!c/recu4*!şte5 c/ I5+eriu *t*5!4 4e=! ter*ri!t 0ec*e 1e=! r341u, 35+ie1ec341u=4e 0/ creşte5 şi 0/ cre/5, !ş!cu5 4i 0=!r fi/Ocu&e4it treuie 0/ recu4*!şte5 i5+icit c/ !ş! treui! 0/ 0e 34t35+eG 0!u, cu !te cu&i4te, 0/ fi5 1e !c*r1 cuce 0=! 34t35+!t şi 0/ cre1e5, c'i!r, c/ i4e ! f*0t c/ 0=! 34t35+!t !ş! D!c/, +ri4 4ece0it/7ie r/*iuui, !ueHi0t!t Te'er!4 şi n!t!, !r treui, 1u+/ @e)e, 0/ 4e 34ci4/5 şi 0/ recu4*!şte5 c/ !ş! er! 4ece0!r 0/ 0e34t35+e, c/ !ş! treui! 0/ 0e 34t35+e şi c/, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/ i4e ! f*0t c/ 0=! 34t35+!t !ş!Ace0te! 0u4t c*40eci47ee uti5e ! c!re !u4)e @e)e şi, 1u+/ e, t*!te fi**fiie i0t*rici0teF e&e4i5e4tui0t*ric 0e u0tific/ +ri4 0i5+! ui 35+i4ire I0t*ri! e !c/tuit/ eHcu0i& 1i4 e&e4i5e4te 35+i4ite, şi treuie 0=*!cce+t/5 c! !t!re, c/ci 4u5!i cee! ce 0=! 34t35+!t şi 0e 34t35+/ eHi0t/ 34 5*1 c*4cret, i0t*ric A 4u !cce+t!i0t*ri!, 340e!54/ ! e&!1! 1i4 c*4cret, ! tr/i 34 !0tr!ctG 1eci, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, ! 4u tr/i 1e*c

Nu5!i c/, fi**ficeşte, te! !ce!0t! 0e 34te5ei!/ +e u4 ec'i&*cF c/ ! recu4*!şte eHi0te47! u4ui f!+t 340e!54/t*t*1!t/ !=" u0tific! D!r 1!c/ recu4*0c c/ !5 tif*0 eH!4te5!tic, 1!c/ !cce+t !ce0t f!+t şi 5/ +*rt 34 c*40eci47/,!1ic/ 34cerc 0/ 5/ &i41ec 4u 340e!54/ c/ 0u4t 1e !c*r1 cu !ce!0t/ 34t35+!re şi c/, +ri4 ur5!re, * u0tificDi5+*tri&/, 35i e0te5 4e4*r*cu, şi 5/ !t 0/ 0c!+ cu &i!7/ şi 1i4 !ce!0t/ 34t35+!re i0t*ric/ Nu !5 4ici u45*ti& 0/ cre1 c/ ! f*0t 4ece0!r/ +e4tru c/ !tu4ci 4=!ş fi creşti4 ci f!t!i0t A recu4*!şte 1*!r, f/r/ ! u0tific!,e&e4i5e4tee i0t*rice 4u 340e!54/ ! te refu)i! 34 !0tr!ctG c/ci refu341 0/ &/1 34 ce 0e 34t35+/ şi 0=! 34t35+!tcee! ce 35i cere @e)e şi ur5!şii ui ş/ &/1, !1ic/ 4ece0it!te! ce*r 34r35+!te, 4u 5/ 1eci1 +e4tru e&!iu4e! 1i4I0t*rie, ci 5/rturi0e0c 1i5+*tri&/ &*i47! 5e! 1e ! 5*1ific! I0t*ri! r/534341 34 e! 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5, c*40t!t341c/ !5 tif*0 eH!4te5!tic 4u 340e!54/ c/ !5 !e0 c!e! e&!iu4ii 1!c/ 5=!5 '*t/r3t 0/ 5/ &i41ecG 340e!54/ +ur şi0i5+u c/ 5/ 34c/+/34e cu t*t 1i4!1i40u 0/ 5*1ific 0t!re! 1e f!+t +r*1u0/ 1e 34t35+!re! i0t*ric/, !1ic/ 1etif*0D!r 1e0+re t*!te !ce0te!, 5!i +e !r), 34 !rtic*u &iit*rII

A 4u i1*!tri! I0t*ri! 340e!54/, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, ! 4u=i recu4*!şte 4ece0it!te! şi !ut*4*5i!G ! &e1e! 34 I0t*rie*rice !tce&! 1ec3t 4e cer i0t*riciştii 0/ &e1e5F ! &e1e! 534i! ui Du54eeu, 0!u/OA'!!r1u, 0!u +/c!tee şi 0/iciu4ie 4*!0tre *5e4eşti, 4u5!i u0tific!re! e&e4i5e4tuui i0t*ric +ri4 0i5+u f!+tc/ ! !&ut *c 34 I0t*rie 4u Atitu1i4e! !ce!0t! 1e refu ! !ut*4*5iei I0t*riei 1ecur)e cu 4ece0it!te 1i4!4u5ite +*i7ii 0+iritu!e +e c!re *5u e=! !&ut, şi e 5!i !re 34c/, 34 u5e Nu 0t/ 34 c!1ru !rtic*uui 1e f!7/ 0/e eH!5i4/5 +e t*!te Ne 5u7u5i5 0/ !5i4ti5 +*i7i! creşti4i05uui Pe4tru creşti4, I0t*ri! e c/1ereG I0t*ri! !34ce+ut *1!t/ cu +/c!tu *ri)i4!r, c! * c*40eci47/ i5e1i!t/ ! c/1erii ui A1!5, şi 0e +reu4)eşte 1!t*rit/ +/c!te*r 4*!0tre Deci, u4 creşti4 4u +*!te fi 34 4ici u4 c! i0t*rici0tF !1ic/ e 4u +*!te 35+/rt/şi +*i7i! ui@e)e, ! ui Cr*ce 0!u ! ui Orte)! !00et (Nu 1i0cut/5 1!c/ !ce!0t/ +*i7ie e0te 0!u 4u 34te5ei!t/G 0ui4ie51*!r f!+tu c/ u4 creşti4 4u * +*!te 35+/rt/şi.A refu! !ut*0uficie47! I0t*riei 4u 340e!54/, 340/, +e4tru creşti4, * e&!1!re 1i4 I0t*rie +re 1e*0eire 1ecee!te rei)ii, iu1!i05u şi creşti4i05u 0u4t rei)ii i0t*rice Du54eeu i4ter&i4e 1irect 34 i0t*ri! ui I0r!eFe&e4i5e4tee i0t*rice c/1ere! !5!=riei, 1e eHe5+u, 0!u ! Ieru0!i5uui 0u4t t*t !t3te! 5!4ife0t/ri !e53'iei ui I!'&e I!r +ri4 34tru+!re, Du54eeu +!rtici+/ t*t! ! I0t*rieF +!rtici+/, !1ic/ 0ufer/ +e 1e+i4 ter*!re!



e&e4i5e4te*r i0t*rice Ii0u0 4=! 0uferit 34 )e4er!, !ş! cu5 0ufer/ *rice fii47/ u5!4/, şi c'i!r *rice &iet!te, +ri4 0i5+u f!+t c/ 0e !f/ 34 u5e, c/ +!rtici+/ ! Vi!7/ Nu Vi!7! L=! f/cut +e Ii0u0 0/ +/ti5e!0c/, 4u e! L=!r/0ti)4it +e Cruce ci e&e4i5e4tee i0t*rice, f!+tu c/ * !4u5it/ c*ecti&it!te, cu !4u5ite cre1i47e şi +reu1ec/7i, 0=! 35+*tri&it Lui şi, f**0i41u=0e 1e 35+reur/rie i0t*rice (*cu+!7i! r*5!4/, Pi!t şi cee!te., L=!u c*41!54!t T*!te !ce0te! 0=!u +etrecut 34 i0t*rieG 34 iee ui Pi!t 1i4 P*4t 34tru+341u=0e, Du54eeu !34cerc!t 0/ 0!&ee, 34tre !t3te! !tee, şi I0t*ri!G !cce+t341 * eHi0te47/ i0t*ric/, Ii0u0 4e=! !r/t!t cu5 +ute5 0/ 4e

534tui5 c'i!r 34 !ce!0t/ c*41i7ie=i5it/ ! c/1erii 4*!0tre D!r e 0uficie4t 0/ 5e1it/5 * ci+/ !0u+r! P/ti5irii şi34&ierii ui Ii0u0, c! 0/ 347ee)e5 c/, +e4tru u4 creşti4, I0t*ri! 4u +*!te !&e! * &!*!re !ut*4*5/, c/ e! 4u e0te, 344ici u4 c!, c! +e4tru @e)e, 5!4ife0t!re! 0+irituui :4i&er0!F Ii0u0 ! +/ti5it 34 I0t*rie şi 1i4 c!u! I0t*riei, 1!r !34&i!t 35+*tri&! ei, irui41=* şi !4u341u=i ter*!re! şi e0te5uDe !ici 1ecur)e, +e4tru creşti4, * !titu1i4e 34 !+!re47/ +!r!1*H!/ f!7/ 1e i0t*rieF c/ci, +e 1e * +!rte, creşti4u!cce+t/ I0t*ri! i!r +e 1e !t/ +!rte, 3i t/)/1uieşte !ut*4*5i!, &!*!re! şi 4ece0i=/;Bt!te! C! 0/ 347ee)e5 5!i i5+e1e 4*ut!te! şi *ri)i4!it!te! !ce0tei +*i7ii, 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 !titu1i4e! u5!4it/7ii +re=creşti4e f!7/ 1e I0t*rie O5u 0*ciet/7i*r tr!1i7i*4!e şi !r'!ice !&e! * c*4ce+7ie cicic/ ! Ti5+uuiG tr/i!,cu5 0e 0+u4e, 5itu Eter4ei Re34t*!rceri Pe4tru !ce0t *5 +re=creşti4, e&e4i5e4tee i0t*rice 4u !&e!u *0e54ific!7ie +r*+rieG ee re+ree4t!u, ! i4fi4it, !4u5ite !r'eti+uri re&e!te 3'tr=* e+*c/ 5itic/ De !cee! *5u +re=creşti4 0e tru1e! 0/ re)/0e!0c/ 4ec*4te4it +urit!te! şi +e4itu1i4e! i4i7i!/ E !*e! +eri*1ic C*05*0u 34c!re tr/i! şi c!re, +ri4 0i5+u f!+t c/ fu0e0e tr/it, fu0e0e i5+icit i0t*&it şi 34ti4!t şi, re+et341

C*05*)*4i!, 3şi c*40trui! 34 fiec!re !4 u4 4*u :4i&er0, cur!t şi 0+*r4ic c! 34 iu! 34t3 ! Cre!7iei C*4ce+7i!!ce!0t! cicic/ şi !i0t*ric/ ! 0*ciet/7i*r +re=creşti4e 4u +*!te fi, e&i1e4t, reu5!t/ 34 c3te&! r341uri I=!5 34c'i4!t* ucr!re 0+eci!/ (Le Myt"e de r]ernel Retour, NRK, "#<#. ! c!re tri5ite5 +e citit*r A treuit, 340/, 0=*!5i4ti5, fie c'i!r 34 tre!c/t, c! 0/ +u4e5 34 u5i4/ 4*ut!te! +*i7iei 3u1e*=creşti4e34tr=!1e&/r, +e4tru creşti4i, c! şi +e4tru e&rei, Ti5+u 4u 5!i e cicic, ci c*4ti4uu şi ire&er0iiF I0t*ri! 4u 5!ie eter4/ re+e7ire ! u4*r e&e4i5e4te eHe5+!re, ci !re u4 34ce+ut (c/1ere! ui A1!5. şi &! !&e! u4 0f3rşit (&e4ire!ui Me0i!, +e4tru e&rei, ! 1*u! &e4ire ! ui Ii0u0, +e4tru creşti4i. Creşti4u 4u 5!i +*!te !*i +eri*1ic trecutu,Ti5+u 0cur0, cu t*!te +/c!tee ui, !ş! cu5 *5u 0*ciet/7i*r !r'!ice Aş!1!r creşti4u 4u 5!i refu/ I0t*ri!G +e4tru e, !ce0t refu !r ec'i&!! cu * e&!iu4e 34 iuieF iui! c/ +*!te re)/0i, ! fiec!re 34ce+ut 1e !4, +urit!te!şi +e4itu1i4e! +!r!1i0i!c/ ! Ti5+uui 5itic 34 c!re tr/i!u *!5e4ii 0*ciet/7i*r !r'!ice Creşti4i05u 4u 5!i !re,1re+tu 0/ 0e refu)iee 34 iui! re)e4er/rii +eri*1ice, +e4tru c/ !re c*4ştii47! +/c!tuuiF ! +/c!tuui *ri)i4!r şi ! +r*+rii*r ui +/c!te *ciet/7ie !r'!ice, +re=creşti4e, cre1e!u c/ 0e +*t eier! 1e +/c!t re+et341, 34 fiec!re !4,c*05*)*4i! D!r +e4tru creşti4, !ce!0t/ eier!re +eri*1ic/ e iu*rie Creşti4u !re 1e0+re +/c!tu *ri)i4!r şi

+r*+riie ui +/c!te * cu t*tu !t/ c*4ştii47/ 1ec3t * +ute!u !&e! *!5e4ii 0*ciet/7i*r !r'!ice Ne=!5 1e+/rt! +re!5ut 1e 0c*+u !rtic*uui 1e f!7/ 1!c/ !5 c*5+!r!, !ş! cu50e cu&i4e, c*4ce+7i! +/c!tuui 34!i4te şi 1u+/C'ri0t*0 :4 0i4)ur f!+t 4e i4tere0e!/ 1e*c!51!t/F c/, +e4tru creşti4, +/c!tu e i41i0*ui e)!t 1e I0t*ri!4e!5uui *5e4e0c şi, +ri4 ur5!re, 1e +r*+ri! ui i0t*rie / 4e eH+ic/5D!c/ I0t*ri! ! 34ce+ut *1!t/ cu +/c!tu *ri)i4!r, şi, 1eci, e0te reut!tu c/1erii *5uui *rice creşti4 0e 0i5te0*i1!r cu !ce!0t//;/1r!5/ !4ce0tr!/ Ce&! 5!i 5utF u4 creşti4 0e 0i5te c*40tituit 1e 34tre!)! I0t*rie ! 4e!5uui *5e4e0c De !cee!,e 4u 5!i +*!te e&!1! 1i4 I0t*rie, +e4tru 0i5+u 5*ti& c/ 4u +*!te e&!1!, +ri4 +r*+riie ui 5i*!ce, 1i4 +/c!t34 !ce0t 0e40, creşti4u !cce+t/ I0t*ri! O !cce+t/, 340/, !ş! cu5 e0te e! 34 re!it!teF c/1ere, 1r!5/, 0uferi47/ i *!cce+t/ +e4tru c/ Ii0u0 ! !cce+t!t=* 34!i4te! Iui, +e4tru c/ Ii0u0 0=! /0!t 1e u4/ &*ie ertf/ e&e4i5e4te*r i0t*=rice D!r 4u * +*!te !cce+t! !ş! cu5 3i cere @e)eF c! * 5!4ife0t!re ! +irituui :4i&er0! Du+/ cu5 0i4)ur *5/rturi0e!, @e)e cite! 34 fiec!re 1i5i4e!7/ i!ree c! 0/ c*5u4iee cu +iritu :4i&er0! A1ic/F +e4tru

@e)e, *rice e&e4i5e4t i0t*ric er! 0!4ctific!t +ri4 +ree47! 1irect/ ! +irituui :4i&er0! Bu4/*!r/F 5ii*!4ee1e &icti5e 1e ! h!t4, Buc'e4d!1, 0!u 1i4 c35+urie 1e 5u4c/ 0*&ietice, +ri4 f!+tu c/ şi=!u +ier1ut &i!7!1!t*rit/ e&e4i5e4te*r i0t*rice, i!r 4u u4ei c!t!0tr*fe c*05ice (cutre5ur, 5*i5/, 0ecet/., !u +ier1ut t*t*1!t/ +r*ce0u 34 f!7! Triu4!uui I0t*riei Du+/ cu5 +re! i4e 0e ştie, !ce0te 5!0!cre 4=!u f*0t !ritr!re, ci i5+u0e 1e4ece0it/7ie i0t*riceG !ş!1!r, 1u+/ @e)e, ee er!u 4ece0!re şi, i5+icit, 0!4ctific!te 1e &*i47! +irituui :4i&er=0! Ace0te! 0u4t c*40eci47ee uti5e !e fi**fiei i0t*riei ! ui @e)e şi !e tutur*r ce*r!te fi**fii i0t*rici0teE0te 1e ! 0i4e 347ee0 c/ 4u 34 !ce0t 0e40 !cce+t/ I0t*ri! u4 creşti4 E recu4*!şte re!it!te! *r*ri*r i0t*rice, +e4tru c/ recu4*!şte re!it!te! +/c!tuui şi +e4tru c/ 0e 0i5te 0*i1!r, +ri4 +/c!t, cu 34tre!)! u5!4it!te D!r,t*t*1!t/, u4 creşti4 4/1/1uieşte 34 534tuire, !1ic/ 34tr=* !*ire t*t!/ ! +/c!tuui (şi i5+icit ! I0t*riei. Ce&!5!i 5utF +e4tru u4 creşti4, I0t*ri! +*!te fi !*it/ 34 *rice 5*5e4tF "ic ctnunc+ Ace0t "ic etnunc e0te 5*5e4tui0t*ric !ctu!, !1ic/ +ree4tu, eter4u +ree4t cu5 3i 0+u4 5i0ticiiAici 0t/ c'ei! 1e *t/ ! *ric/rei fi**fii creşti4e ! I0t*rieiF fu4c7i! e0'!t**)ic/ +e c!re * 1*341eşte +ree4tu,5*5e4tu i0t*ric !ctu! 34 *rice ci+/ 4e +ute5 534tui, !1ic/ +ute5 534tui, !1ic/ +ute5 !4u! trecutu34tre)uui 4e!5 *5e4e0c +e c!re, +ri4 +/c!tee 4*!0tre, 3 +urt/5 cu 4*i, c! +!rte i4te)r!4t/ 1i4 4*i u4te5fii47e i0t*rice 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re +!rtici+/5, fiec!re 1i4 4*i, ! 1r!5! ecu5e4ic/ ! c/1erii 34 I0t*rieG 1!r !0t! 4u

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340e!54/ c/ 0u4te5 c*41!54!7i 0/ +reu4)i5 ! i4fi4it !ce0t trecut c!re 4e c*40tituie Di5+*tri&/, 34 *rice5*5e4t 3 +ute5 !4u!A0t! 340e!54/ c/ +e4tru creşti4i05 (şi, 34 tre!c/t fie 0+u0, 4u 4u5!i +e4tru creşti4i05. eHi0t/ * 1e*0eiree0e47i!/ 34tre 5*5e4=/;Stu i0t*ric !ctu! c!re e 1e0c'i0 şi, 1eci, +*!te fi tr!40f*r5!t 34tr=u4 5*5e4t e0'!t**)ic, 1e ieşire 1i4 I0t*rie

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T*!te !u1ee şi 0tri)/rie +e c!re 34&/7/tur! şi itur)'i! creşti4/ e !1uc Vie7ii !1ic/ M34tuit*ruui c!re cu5*!rte +e 5*!rte ! c/c!t 1e !ici +*r4e0cF Vi!7! +*!te fi creşti4!t/, c/ 34 *rice 5*5e4t * tri&i!/ eHi0te47/u5!4/, 5!cer!t/ 1e +/c!t şi fu)/rit/ 0+re 5*!rte, +*!te fi tr!40fi)ur!t/ 34 +e4itu1i4e! Vie7ii 534tuite, ! Vie7iic'ri0tice De !cee! +r*&eru creşti4 0+u4eF 5!i i4e u4 5/)!r &iu, 1ec3t u4 eu 5*rt :4 5*rt e u1ec!t +e ce=!f*0t Viu !re, +34/ 34 uti5! ci+/, u4 +ree4t i 4u5!i 34 +ree4t 0e +*!te 1e+/şi (C/ !+r*!+e 4i5e4i 4u34ce!rc/ 0=* f!c/, e !t/ +*&e0te M!*rit!te! *!5e4i*r 3şi +r*iecte!/ 0+er!47ee şi i4te47iie 34 &iit*r 34

+er0+ecti&! creşti4/, &iit*ru +er0*4! 4u +re! !re i5+*rt!47/ Creşti4u e 341e54!t 0/ 0e +*c/i!0c/ !cu5, c3t5!i e ti5+, 34 &iit*r &! fi 1*!r u1ec!t +e c3t ! ştiut e +r*fit! 1e +ree4t.Trec341 !cu5 +e +!4u i0t*rii*r 4!7i*4!e, 4e re)/0i5 34 !cee!şi 0itu!7ie Trecutu ! +utut fi )*ri*0 0!u*0cur, 4*r*c*0 0!u tr!)ic, 5/re7 0!u 5*1e0tG 1!r, !0t/i, !ce0t trecut şi=! e+ui!t +*0iiit/7ie 1e0c'i0eTrecutu c*40tituie u4 4e!5, !ş! cu5 c*40tituie * +er0*!4/G 3i 1/ c*47i4utu c*4cret, i0t*ric, ire1uctii u4te5r*5;4i 0!u 0u4te5 fr!4cei, şi +urt/5, fiec!re 1i4 4*i, i0t*ri! +!trii*r re0+ecti&eF 0u4te5 c*40titui7i 1e trecutu4e!5uri*r 1i4 c!re 4e tr!)e5 N*r*c, )r!41*!re, )e4iu, *)/7ie, 34 c!u +*+*ruui fr!4ce Ne4*r*c, 0/r/cie,*0curit!te, 4erecu4*şti47!, 34 c!u 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c Nu treuie 4ici 0/ 4e fie ruşi4e (4=!&e5 1e ce. şi 4ici0/ 4e e+/1/5 1e i0t*ri! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, c!re ! f*0t !ş! cu5 ! f*0t +ri4 &*i47! ui Du54eeu şi r/ut/7ie*!5e4i*r D!r 4ici 4u 0u4te5 *i)!7i 0/ !cce+t/5 f!t!it!te! !ce0tei I0t*rii 4!7i*4!e D!c/ e! ! f*0t, şi e0te34c/, * 0erie 4e0f3rşit/ 1e tr!)e1ii, 4u 34c'i1e5 *c'ii, 4u e&!1/5 34 iuii şi &i0e 1e )r!41*!re 1!r 4ici 4u 4e/0/5 +!r!i!7i 1e ce=! f*0t ti5 f*!rte i4e c/ u4 trecut, c3t !r fi e 1e )*ri*0, e 34c'ei!t, şi !şte!+t/ 0/ fie u1ec!t *ri! E)i+tuui f!r!*4ic * fi f*0t e! f/r/ +erec'e 34

/;<u5e 1!r !+!r7i4e !cu5 i0t*ri*)r!fiei Leuui 5*rt 3i +refer/5, cu 347ee+ciu4e! +*+u!r/, 5/)!ru &iu C/ci!t3t ti5+ c3t eHi0t/ &i!7/ 4!7i*4!/, !1ic/ I0t*rie c*ecti&/, t*!te +*0iiit/7ie r/534 1e0c'i0eCe 340e!54/ !0t!^ 340e!54/ c/ 4e!5u r*5;4e0c, c! *rişic!re !t 4e!5 &iu, 3şi +*!te !4u! 34 *rice ci+/trecutuG 34 c!u r*5;4i*r, trecutu *r 1e 4e4*r*c şi 34034)er!re C/, cee! ce c*4te!/ 34 +ri5u r341, 4u e4ici trecutu, 4ici &iit*ru, ci +ree4tu I0t*ri!, c! şi 534tuire!, !u *c 34 +ree4t M!i 340e!54/ c/ treuie 0/ 4e0i57i5 0*i1!ri cu trecutu 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, 1!r ieri 1e !=" 1e+/şi, !4u341u=", 34tr=* 0u+re5/ 34ceşt!reG şi!0t! 34 *rice ci+/ 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 u4 creşti4 4u +*!te !cce+t!, +e +!4 +er0*4!, I0t*ri! c! * f!t!it!te 1i4c!re 4u eHi0t/ ieşire, t*t !ş! 4u +*!te !cce+t! f!t!it!te! i0t*riei 4!7i*4!e A1ic/, 4u +*!te 0+u4e, c! @e)e, c/ t*tce 0=! 34t35+!t 34 trecutu 4e!5uui 0/u ! treuit 0/ 0e 34t35+e !0tfe şi c/, +ri4 ur5!re, i4e ! f*0t c/ 0=!34t35+!t !ş! :4 creşti4 treuie 0/=şi !5i4te!0c/ 4ec*4te4it c/ I0t*ri! 34tre!)/ e * c/1ere C/, )*ri*!0/ 0!u*0cur/, I0t*ri! 4e!5uui 0/u e0te, creşti4eşte &*ri41, * 0erie 1e +/c!te şi *c!ii +ier1ute Oc!ii +ier1ute, +e4tru c/ 4ici * I0t*rie 4!7i*4!/ 4=! +*)*r3t R!iu +e +/534t, 4=! !c/tuit * cet!te 1e 0fi47i (D!c/ * fi f/cut=*,

cu5&!, 4u 0=! !f!t.Or, 1!c/ 534tuire! i41i&i1u!/ c*41uce ! 0!&!re! fr!)5e4tuui 1e i0t*ricit!te +e c!re=" re+rei4t/ i41i&i1u,tr!40fi)ur!re! I0t*riei 4!7i*4!e i5+ic/ 534tuire! u4ei fr34turi 1i4 I0t*ri! :4i&er0!/ Ne e0te f*!rte )reu 0/ 4e34c'i+ui5 u4 !0e5e4e! fe4*5e4 e0'!t**)ic D!r +ute5 0/=" 1e1uce5 +ri4 !4!*)iie +!r!1i0i!ce 1e c!re 0u4t +i4e 0crierie fi47i*r P/ri47i @e)e 4e 341e54! 0/ 4e rec*4ciie5 cu e&e4i5e4tu i0t*ric E&i1e4t, 1!r ce 0e40treuie 0/ !c*r1/5 !ce0tei rec*4ciieri^ / !cce+t/5 h!t4u şi Buc'e4d!1u, c! !t!re, c! e&e4i5e4tei0t*rice^ A0t! 4=!r fi * 1*&!1/ 1e /r/7ie, cu5 cre1e! @e)e, ci 1e ci4i05 Rec*4ciiere! cu e&e4i5e4teei0t*rice 4u +*!te fi f/cut/ 1ec3t 34tr=* +er0+ecti&/ 1e e0'!t**)ie i0t*ric/ A1ic/, treuie 0/ 4e 0+u4e5F *1!t/,*r*rie !ce0te! &*r fi Ju0tific!teG fr!)5e4tu 1e i0t*rie c!re e=! 1!t 4!ştere &! fi re)e4er!t, 534tuit Cu5^ A0t!4u5!i Du54eeu * ştie N*i, *!5e4ii, treuie 0/ 0+er/5 34tr=* 534tuire ! I0t*riei 34 34tre)u ei ti5 c/ !ce!0t/534tuire +*!te !&e! *c +e +!4 i41i&i1u! Pe4tru c/ +!r!1*Hu creşti4i05uui e0te c/, 1!c/ trecutu i0t*ric e!*it +ri4 534tuire, +ree4tu, 1eşi tr!40fi)ur!t, t*t 34 I0t*rie r/534e/;C

Cu5 !5 +ute! 0/ 4e 34c'i+ui5 !ce!0t/ 0!&!re ! I0t*riei 34 34tre)u ei^ Aş! cu5 4e +ute5 34c'i+ui re)e4er!re!Kirii 34tre)i, c!re 0u0+i4/ 1u+/ 534tuire P/c!tu 4=! 34ti4!t 4u5!i 4e!5u *5e4e0cG ! 34tu4ec!t şi C*05*0uD*&ei 1e0+re !0t! )/0i5 34 0u! fi4te*r P!ti5i, 34 f*c*ru rei)i*0 şi c'i!r 34 u4ee teHte +!tri0tice =!r +ute! c! R!iu 0/ fie !ici, 34)/ 4*i şi 4u=" 5!i +ute5 &e1e! c! !t!re, c! R!i, 1i4 c!u! 34tu4eci5ii +/c!tuui4*0tru (C*5+!r!7i! !ce!0t! e ! ui P!+i4i, 1!r i1ee! 0e re)/0eşte 34 f*!rte 5ute 5ituri şi e)e41e +*+u!re.=!r +ute!, 1eci, c! şi I0t*ri! 0/ 1e&i4/ 34tr=* i +!r!1i0i!c/ E&i1e4t, !tu4ci 4=!r 5!i fi I0t*ri! +e c!re *cu4*!şte5 4*i, ci * eHi0te47/ c*ecti&/ tr!40fi)ur!t/, Cet!te! ui Du54eeu Afir5!7i! !ce!0t! e 5!i +u7i4 +!r!1*H!/ 1ec3t +!re h!r M!rH 4u 0e )341e! ! !tce&! !tu4ci c341 &*re! 1e * 0*ciet!te f/r/ c!0e 0*ci!e N*0t!)i! &3r0tei 1e Aur * re)/0i5 34 t*!te tr!1i7iie şi e! ! f*0t c*ere4t &!*rific!t/ 1e creşti4i05 Deci, ! &*ri1e * e0'!t**)ie i0t*ric/ 4u i5+ic/ ! !!41*4! tere4u f!+te*r +e4tru 0+ecu!7ii 5i0tice şi te**)!e T*!tefi**fiie i0t*riei 0u4t *i)!te 0/ 1e! u4 r/0+u40 ! !ce!0t/ 34tre!reF c!re e 0e40u I0t*riei şi cu5 0e &! 0f3rşi e!^=!r +ute! c! I0t*ri! 0/ 0e 0f3rşe!0c/, !ici, +e +/534t, tr!40fi)ur341u=0e Di4 c341 34 c341, !r!re*ri, ucru !ce0t! 0e34t35+/ I0t*ri! c*ecti&/ cu4*!şte 5*5e4te 1e tr!40fi)ur!re, !1ic/ 1e+/şeşte +r*+riie ei 0tructuri şi c*47i4uturi,şi !r!t/ f/r/ 0/ 34cetee * ci+/ 1e ! r/534e c*4cret/ c! * ic*!4/ C! 0/ !5i4ti5 u4 0i4)ur eHe5+uF !ş! !f*0t, c3te&! ie, I0t*ri! I41iei ui !41'i N=! f*0t * e&!iu4e 34 ire!G ! f*0t tr!40fi)ur!re! e&e4i5e4tuui i0t*ric



Oric341, şi 34 *rice 7!r/, 5ir!c*u !ce0t! r/534e cu +uti47/ De !cee! 0+u4e!5, şi re+et!5, c/ +ree4tuc*40tituie * i4fi4it!te 1e +*0iiit/7i 1e0c'i0e Orice 4e!5 +*!te f!ce 4u 4u5!i I0t*rie 5!*r/, 1!r +*!te f!ce5!i 5utF +*!te 0!&! I0t*ri! 34tre)uui4e!5 *5e4e0c0îndreptar, *ct*5rie=1ece5rie "#>2.

I#LIW !ELP'

A7i 34t34it, f/r/ 341*i!/, 4eutr!işti +eci! !ce!0t! !re 4e4u5/r!te &!ri!4te Occi1e4tu e +i4 1e *!5e4i 1e u4/ 0!u re! cre1i47/, c!re cre1 c/ treuie 34cerc!t t*tu +e4tru ! !u4)e ! * 347ee)ere cu Ru0i! *&ietic/G 0!u,5/c!r, 1e ! )/0i f*r5u! u4ei c*eHi0te47e/;F +!ş4ice 34tre cee! ce 4u5e0c ei Orie4tu 1e5*cr!7ii*r +*+u!re şi Occi1e4tu c!+it!i0t I4uti 0/ re!5i4ti5!rtifici!it!te! !ce0t*r ter5e4i 1e5*cr!7ii +*+u!re, c!+it!i05 şi !ritr!ru !ce0tei 35+/r7iri !c*4ti4e4tuui eur*+e!4 Nu şti5 1!c/ Occi1e4tu 5!i +*!te fi 4u5it, 34 34tre)i5e! ui, c!+it!i0t ti5, 340/, c/1e5*cr!7iie +*+u!re 4u re+rei4t/ * 4*u/ f*r5/ i0t*ric/ ! e&*u7iei +*+*!re*r 1i4 Ce4tru şi R/0/rituEur*+ei, ci et!+ee i5+eri!i05uui 0*&ieticG !0e5e4e! 1e5*cr!7ii +*+u!re !r fi +utut f*!rte i4e fi i40t!ur!te34 ue1i! 0!u P*rtu)!i!, 34 C!4!1! 0!u Au0tr!i!, 1!c/ Ru0i! 0*&ietic/ şi=!r fi +urt!t t!4curie şi c*ie 1e t*+*r +34/ 34 At!4tic 0!u Oce!4u I41i!4 Nu e0te, 1eci, &*r! 1e * e&*u7ie i0t*ric/ ci 1e u4 f!+t 5iit!r, !)r!&!t 1e5i*+i! +*itic/ ! Ai!7i*r *cci1e4t!iT*!te !ce0te! 0u4t i4e cu4*0cute 1e cei c!re=şi 1!u *0te4e!! 0/ cercetee, cu u4 5i4i5 1e i4tei)e47/,

34t35+/rie 1i4 uti5ii ş!+te !4i E&i1e4t, 4u t*7i cercet/t*rii 1i0+u4 1e !ce0t 5i4i5 1e i4tei)e47/G c/ci şii4tei)e47! e u4 1!r 1e ! Du54eeu D!r 34 c!u 4eutr!işti*r 1e u4/ cre1i47/ 4u e 34t*t1e!u4! &*r! 1e *i+0/ 1e i4tei)e47/ E &*r! 1e ce&! t*t !t3t 1e )r!&F 1e u4 c*5+eH 1e cu+!iit!te c!re e 1e0fi)ure!/ &iiu4e!u5ii şi e +!r!ie!/ i4i7i!ti&! 34 i0t*rie, şi c!re, +34/ ! ur5/, 3i &! 0terii! 0+iritu!iceşte +34/ ! 1e0fii47!re!*r c! +er0*!4e u5!4e &iiPr*e5! c*5+eHuui 1e cu+!iit!te ! Occi1e4tuui e 1e0tu 1e c*5+ic!t/ +e4tru ! +ute! fi 1e/tut/ 34tr=u4!rtic* V*5 re&e4i, 34 !t/ +!rte, +e 341eete De0tu 0/ 0+u4e5, 1e*c!51!t/, c/ !cei *cci1e4t!i 1e u4/cre1i47/ c!re cer cu t*t 1i4!1i40u * c*4&ie7uire cu *&ietee 0e 0i5t &i4*&!7i f!7/ 1e Orie4t şi 4u ştiu cu50/aşi ce!r/ 5!i i4e 0cue +e4tru &i4! *r Nu5!i c/ !ceşti *cci1e4t!i 1e u4/ cre1i47/ 4u !u u!t cu4*şti47/ 1e!1e&/r!t! &i4/ ! Occi1e4tuui f!7/ 1e Orie4tG ei 4u=şi 1!u 0e!5! c/ +*!rt/ * 5!re r/0+u41ere 34 c/1ere!Bi!47uui (cruci!7ii, +*r4i7i 0/ 1e0+re0*!re f34tu M*r534t, =!u 1!t *0 +e 35+/r!t şi 0=!u i40t!!t !C*40t!4ti4*+*e.G 4u=şi 1!u 0e!5! c/ !u 0!crific!t t*t r/0/ritu şi 0u1u Eur*+ei !!41*4341u=" +e4tru 5ute0ec*e I5+eriuui *t*5!4G 4u=şi 1!u 0e!5! c/ 0=!u +urt!t 4e*5e4eşte 34 Orie4t şi 34 A0i! T*!te !ce0te ucruri

)r!&e *cci1e4t!ii 1e u4/ cre1i47/ e=!u uit!t Ei !u f/cut t*tuşi u4 c*5+eH 1e cu+!iit!te f!7/ 1e Ru0i! şi 1eOrie4t 1!r =!u f/cut +e 1!te )reşite, 1!t*rit/ u4ei c*4fuii i 1e !ici +*r4eşte 1r!5! *r i4teri*!r/, c!re 4e=!ti4)e, 1i4 4efericire, şi +e 4*i/;Eitee *cci1e4t!e !u c/ut &icti5/ +r*+!)!41ei 5!rHi0te Aceşti i4teectu!i 1e u4/ cre1i47/ 0e cre1 1e!&3ri7i ! !1! cu )u4*i ! i0t*riei, c! re+ree4t!47i !i u4ei c!0e 34 1e0c*5+u4ere, !ş!=i0! ur)'eie E0te +r*!i c/ i4teectu!ii *cci1e4t!i &*r fi +34/ ! ur5/ &3ri7i 1i4 i0t*rie, 1!r 4u +e4tru 5*ti&ee +e c!re ei4&*c/ 5!rHi05u Ei 0u4t c*41!54!7i ! 0teriit!te 1!t*rit/ +r*+rii*r *r c*5+eHe, c!re e ri1ic/ 4ec*4te4itecr!4e iu*rii 34 f!7! *c'i*r şi e cree!/ +0eu1*=+r*e5e f/r/ 0*u7ie Aceşti !5e4i cre1 c/ treuie 0!&!t/ cu*rice +re7 eH+erie47! 0*ci!/ ! *&iete*r, +e4tru c/ !c** 0e !f/ &iit*ru *5e4iriiG 1eci, 0u 4ici u4 5*ti& 4utreuie +ri5e1uit/ Re&*u7i! C/1icei 0!u c*5*i, !ceşti *cci1e4t!i 1e u4/ cre1i47/ 4u !u cur!u 1e ! 0e340crie, t*7i, 34 +!rti1ee c*5u4i0te re0+ecti&e +e4tru ! +ute! )u0t! 5/c!r !+eriti&ee re&*u7iei 34 5!rş Ei 0e5u7u5e0c 0/ 0i5+!tiee cu Re&*u7i!

reşe!! *r 0!u, 1!c/ &re7iF cri5! *r e 1e *r1i4 i1e**)ic R!7i*4!5e4tu *r *0cur (1e c!re, +r*!i,f*!rte +u7i4i 3şi 1!u 0e!5!. e0te ur5/t*ruF re&*u7i! 1e ! "8<8 4=! reuşit şi ! f*0t re+e1e 0u)ru5!t/ 1ere!c7iu4eG @e)e ! f*0t uit!t, 34*cuit 1e c'*+e4'!uer şi 1e fi**fii 5!teri!iştiG 1!r 5!i +u7i4 1e * 0ut/ 1e !4i1e ! &ict*ri! re!c7iu4i, re&*u7i! ! triu5f!t 34 Ru0i! şi @e)e 0e ucur/ !i 1e * !ctu!it!te +e c!re 4u * !re4ici u4u 1i4 fi**fii 0ec*uui ! gDC=e!G !0t! 340e!54/ c/ @e)e ! !&ut 1re+t!te, c/ +iritu 0e 5!4ife0t/ 34I0t*rie, c/ *5u 4u e !tce&! 1ec3t I0t*rie Deci, 4*i, i4teectu!ii 1e u4/ cre1i47/, c!re 4u 0u4te5 5!rHişti, c!re0u4te5, 1i5+*tri&/, eHi0te47i!işti, +er0*4!işti 0!u c'i!r creşti4i ier!i, 4u +ute5 re+et! )reşe!! ce*r 1e1u+/ "8<8 1e ! 34t*!rce 0+!tee I0t*rieiF 4*i treuie 0/ 5er)e5 cu I0t*ri!G *r, I0t*ri! e +r*)re0 0*ci!, 1eci e34tru+!t/ !0t/i 1e :4iu4e! *&ietic/ N*i 4u 0u4te5 1e !c*r1 cu 5et*1ee 0*&ietice (c/ci 0u4te5 *!5e4i0u7iri.G 1!r recu4*!şte5 c/ !c**, 34 R/0/rit, 0e /5i0eşte &iit*ru *5e4iriiOr, ucrurie 4u 0t!u 1e*c !ş! I4teectu!ii *cci1e4t!i u1ec/ +e 1!te +eri5!te L! "8<8 i0t*ri! 0e 5!4ife0t!34tr=!1e&/r +ri4 1ie5ee cu4*0cuteF re&*u7ie 0!u re!c7iu4e, iert!te! 4!7iu4i*r 0!u i5+eriie c*40er&!t*!re etc34 "#>$, 1!tee +r*e5ei 0u4t cu t*tu !tee A0i! rei4tr/ 34 I0t*rieG u5e! 0*ciet/7i*r !r'!ice 0ufer/ +ref!ceri4e5!i34t34ite +34/ !cu5G creşti4i05u 34t;5+i4/ 1i4 4*u, 1u+/ * 0u+re5!7ie 1e * 5ie 1e !4i, cee!te rei)ii +e +ici*r 1e



/;Ae)!it!teG u5!4i05u *cci1e4t! e 0iit 0/=şi /r)e!0c/ &iiu4e!, c! 0/ 4u 0e +r*&i4ci!ieeG 1e0c*+eririe +0i'**)iei 1e !134ci5e 0ie0c *5u 5*1er4 0/ i! cu4*şti47! 1e t*t ce +rece1e &i!7! ui +er0*4!/, şi 0/ 34cerce *4*u/ 0i4te/G 1e0c*+eririe fiicii 4uce!re 3 0ie0c 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e +ri4ci+iu c*5+e5e4t!rit/7ii ! uiO++e4'ei5er c!re, +e4tru 34t3i! *!r/ 34 i0t*ri! +irituui, !fir5/ c/ 5!i 5ute 1e0crieri !e u5ii, 1eşi *+u4341u=0e reci+r*c 34tr=u4 r!+*rt 1e c*4tr!1ic7ii 5utu!e, 3şi !u fiec!re &!i1it!te! *r şi, c! !t!re, 0u4t 4ece0!re

347ee)erii u5iiAce0te! 0u4t 1!tee +r*e5ei 34 "#>$G !ce0t! e 5*5e4tu i0t*ric 1e c!re treuie 0/ 7i4e5 0e!5! c! 0/ 4u fi5&fri7i ! !1! 1e )u4*i ! i0t*rieiD!r c*5+eHu 1e cu+!iit!te ! *cci1e4t!i*r 1e u4/ cre1i47/ 3i 35+ie1ic/ 0/ tr/i!0c/ 34 +ree4t, 0/ 347ee!)/u5e! 1e !i şi 0/ +re)/te!0c/ u5e! 1e 53i4e Ei 0u4t 34c/ ter*ri!7i 1e f!4t*5ee trecutuui Pe4tru c/Re&*u7i! 0*ci!/, 1e c!re 0e f!ce !t3t! c!, !+!r7i4e 1e! trecutuui Miturie, i1e**)i! şi !r)*4uc*5u4i05uui 1eri&/ 1i4 fi**fi! 0ec*uui ! gg=e!, +e c!re i0t*ri! ! 1e+/şit=* 1e 5ut Re&*u7i! 0*&ietic/! 4!ufr!)i!t, 0+iritu!iceşte, 34tr=* 34fu41/tur/ 1i4 c!re 4i5e4i şi 4i5ic 4=* 5!i +*!te 0!&! Re!it!te! c!0e*r0*ci!e e re1u0/ 4ec*4te4it +ri4 1ict!tur! eHercit!t/ 1e *&iete 34 7/rie *cu+!te Pr*e5! 0*ci!/ treuie +u0/ 34!7i ter5e4i 1ec3t * +u4e!u e5+iriştii 0ec*uui ! gg=e!G treuie, !1ic/, 0/ 0e 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e t*t ce *5u 5*1er4! !f!t 1e0+re c*41i7i! u5!4/ 34 uti5ii ci4cieci 1e !4i 34 !ce!0t/ 1irec7ie 5er)e i0t*ri! I1e**)i! re&*u7ieiru0e re+rei4t/ !0t/i re!c7iu4e! C/ci Re&*u7i! 7i4teşte c/tre eier!re! t*t!/ ! *5uui C! 0/ fi7i 34 +!0 cu&re5e!, 4u !&e7i 1ec3t 0/ c/ut!7i u41e 0e +u4 +r*e5ee eier/rii şi iert/7ii *5uui Ki7i 0i)uri c/ 34 !cee

ce4tre 0+iritu!e (c!re +*t fi 0i5+i i41i&ii, 0!u )ru+/ri, 0!u tr!1i7ii. 0e e!*re!/ u5e! 1e 53i4e34cerc!7i 0/ 0+u4e7i t*!te !ce0te! *cci1e4t!i*r 1e u4/ cre1i47/, 4eutr!işti*r 1e !0t/i A&e5 !ce!0t/ 1!t*rief!7/ 1e u4 Occi1e4t c!re, 1eşi 4e=! tr/1!t 34 E&u Me1iu, 4e=! !1u0 5!ri 0er&icii 34 uti5! 0ut/ 1e !4i Nu e 1e*ceHcu0 c! 4*i, cei 1i4 E0tu Eur*+ei, 0/ !&e5 c! 5i0iu4e i0t*ric/ t*c5!i !ce!0t/ *+er/ 1e treire !Occi1e4tuui, 1e !u4)!re ! f!4t*5e*r 4/0cute 1i4 0e4ti5e4tee ui 1e cu+!iit!teY+îndreptar, "#>2./<B

ER@P' ŞI !@R*I#' IR Ni5ic 5!i 0u+/r/t*r 1ec3t +r*&i4ci!i05u 5!ri*r cuturi C*55e4t +eut=*4 etre Per0!4^ e0te * eHc!5!reti+ic/ ! +r*&i4ci!uui !!t 1e !+!rte4e47! 0! !* M!re Cutur/ EHi0t/ şi !0t/i *cci1e4t!i cu50ec!1e +e4truc!re Eur*+! 0e *+reşte ! Ri4 0!u ce 5ut ! Vie4! e*)r!fi! *r e0te +ri4 eHcee47/ 0e4ti5e4t!/G +34/ ! Vie4!!u !u40 ei 34 c//t*riie *r 1e 4u4t/ M!i 1e+!rte 34ce+e * u5e 0tr!4ie, u4e*ri !)re!i/, 1!r 4e0i)ur/G +uriştii!ceşti! 0u4t i0+iti7i 0/ 1e0c*+ere 0u +iee! ru0uui f!i5*0u t/t!r 1e c!re i 0=! &*rit ! şc*!/ 34 cee! ce

+ri&eşte +e !c!4iciG cu ei 34ce+e, i 0e +!re, i4eHtric!iu *ce!4 et4ic ! i41i)e4i*r, c!re 0e +reu4)eşte +34/ 34Au0tr!i!Orte)! !00et 0+u4e! 3'tr=* i c/ 5!re! cri5/ ! fi**fi*r e0te i)4*r!re! i0t*riei Aş 341r/4i 0/ !1!u) c/4e4*r*cire! !4u5it*r i1e**)i şi +*iticie4i e0te c/ i)4*r/ +r*t*i0t*ri! C/ci 1e! 1i4 +r*t*i0t*rie 0e +*!te*0er&! u4it!te! fu4ci!r/ şi i41e0tructii/ ! Eur*+ei, 0e +*!te *0er&! 5!i !e0 fatalitatea !ce0tei u4it/7i NueHi0t/ * 0i4)ur/ 5!re 1e0c*+erire ! ci&ii!7ii*r +!e*=*rie4t!e c!re 0/ 4u 0e c*5u4ice, !+r*!+e !ut*5!t şi +ri4i4ter5e1iu cuturi*r !c!4*=1!4uie4e şi it!ice, 34tre)ii Eur*+e Aş! 0=! 34t35+!t cu !)ricutur!, cucer!5ic! +ict!t/, cu 5et!ur)i! şi cu i4*&!7iie 0*ci*=rei)i*!0e +e c!re e=! +r*&*c!t +ri5! 5!re re&*u7ie 1e +r*+*r7ii 5*41i!eF 1e0c*+erire! !)ricuturii Circuitu cutur! Orie4tu A+r*+i!t B!c!4i Eur*+! ce4tr!/şi *cci1e4t!/, 0c'i7!t 1e! 34 +rei0t*rie, 1e&i4e * f!t!it!te 1u+/ 34f*rire! 5!)4ifice*r cuturi ur!4e *rie4t!e34tre!)! i0t*rie !4tic/ 4u f!ce 1ec3t 0/ rei! şi 0/ re34t/re!0c/ e)/turie şi 0c'i5urie 34tre Occi1e4t şi Eur*+!r/0/rite!4/ De 4e4u5/r!te *ri !ui4ter&e4it ru+turi şi 34treru+eri 34 !ce0t circuitG 1!r 4=!u f*0t 1ec3t te5+*r!re şi,1e !tfe, 4ici*1!t/ !0*ute

E0te 34t*t1e!u4! i40tructi& 1e ! 4e r!+*rt! ! i0t*rieG 4u ! eHce4tricit/7ie şi f!4teiie ei c/ci 0e )/0e0c 1et*!te 34 i0t*rie ci ! c*40t!4tee 0!e Or, u4! 1i4 !ce0te c*40t!4te e0te t*c5!i 0*i1!rit!te! cutur!/ ! Eur*+ei*cci1e4t!e cu Orie4tu A+r*+i!t şi reci! De ! 5!rie 5ituri !e 4e*iticuui +34/ ! te5ee '!)i*)r!fieicreşti4e 5e1ie&!e, !+r*!+e t*!te &!*rie 0+iritu!e c!re !u 0f3rşit +ri4 ! 1! Occi1e4tuui şi N*r1uui eur*+e!4f!cie0u 0/u cutur! 1e !0t/i !u &e4it 1i4 R/0/rit 0!u !u f*0t i40+ir!te 1e i1ei r/0/rite4eG re)/0i5 ec*u *r +34/! '*t!ree eHtre5e !e/</

e+te4tri*4uui (1e +i1!, 5itu )er5!4ic ! ui B!1er, 0!uc*4ce+7i! 0c!41i4!&/ ! 0f3rşituui u5ii, !ş!=4u5itu ragnaro82+c'i5u 1e &!*ri cutur!e 4=! f*0t 4ici*1!t/ u4 0i5+u +r*ce05ec!4ic 1e rece+7ieG +retuti41e4i u41e !u4)e!u 5iturie, i1eie şi

1e0c*+eririe Orie4tuui A+r*+i!t, !e E)eei, !e Me1iter!4ei, eeer!u !0i5i!te, rei4ter+ret!te, i4te)r!te :4! 1i4 c!r!cteri0ticiecee 5!i i5+*rt!4te (şi 1e ti5+uriu 5!4ife0t!te. !e Eur*+ei ! f*0t



t*c5!i !ce!0t/ c!+!cit!te 1e ! !0i5i! şi re&!*rific! !+*rturie +ri5ite 1i4 !f!r/Ace0t 0u0tr!t cutur! *5*)e4 (1!r 4ici*1!t/ u4if*r5. 1/ c*4ti4e4tuui 4*0tru, 34 ciu1! tutur*r *+*i7ii*r şitutur*r te40iu4i*r, c!r!cteru 0/u 1i0ti4cti& e*)r!fii şi +!e*4t**)ii +reti41 c/ er! 34 1e0ti4u Eur*+ei, !ce!0t/5!re +e4i40u/, !t3t 1e *)!t/ şi 1e feurit/, 1e ! 35+i4i u4 !0e5e4e! 5ir!c*, c/ci t*tu c*41uce! !iciF !0e47!0te+e*r şi ! 1e0erturi*r, &!riet!te! *r*)r!fic/, uş*!ree c*5u4ic!7ii fu&i!e, 5/rie i4teri*!re, ci5!tu

te5+er!t D!r *ric!re !r fi !1e&/ru !0u+r! !ce0tei +re1e0ti4/ri )e*)r!fice şi ci5!terice, 0e ştie !0t/i c/ u44u5/r c*40i1er!i 1e +*+*!re +rei0t*rice şi +r*t*i0t*rice 0=!u 34t34it, 0=!u 35+*tri&it u4u !tui! şi 34 cee 1i4ur5/ 0=!u t*+it 34 !ce0t +r*1i)i*0 creuet, 1341 4!ştere u4ei ui5it*!re &!riet/7i 1e 0e40iiit/7i, 1e 1e0ti4e şi 1ec*4ce+7ii !e u5ii +!7iu re!ti& 0tr340 ! Eur*+ei ! f/cut c! 4i5ic 0/ 4u 0e +i!r1/ 1i4 t*!te 5*şte4iriecutur!e !e trecutuui A0tfe c/ Eur*+! +rei4t/ !0+ectu 0i4)u!r ! u4ei 5utitu1i4i 1e 0tructuri et4ice, c!re,1!t*rit/ c*4t!cte*r şi !5e0tecuri*r 5ie4!re, !u f*0t *5**)!te 34 c'i+u ce 5!i fericit cu +uti47/ Ce&! 5!i5utF ce er! e0e47i! 34 !ce0te 4u5er*!0e şi &!ri!te 5*şte4iri 0+iritu!e ! reuşit 0/ 0u+r!&ie7ui!0c/ 340e40iiit!te! şi tr!1i7iie +*+*!re*r c!re c*40tituie Eur*+! 1e !0t/i Ne +ute5 34tre! u41e 0e *+reşte Eur*+!, u41e +ei0!)iu 0/u 0+iritu! !0/ *cu !t*r +ei0!)ii şi !t*r f*r5e 1e&i!7/ A5 +ute! 1i0cut! ! i4fi4it !0u+r! !ce0tei +r*e5e, 1!r u4 ucru e 0i)urF 1e ! +r*t*i0t*rie ! 0f3rşituE&uui Me1iu !u eHi0t!t ! 5!r)i4e! cuturi*r !)ric*e şi ur!4e u4 5!re 4u5/r 1e cee! ce Re4- r*u00et4u5eşte I5+erii !e te+e*r At3t 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere )e*)r!fic, c3t şi cutur!, Eur*+! 34cete!/ !c** u41e34ce+e 0te+!G şi t*t !c** 34ce+e * !t/ u5e, cu * !t/ 0tructur/ 0+iritu!/, cu * 0c!r/ 1iferit/ 1e &!*ri ,Ac**

c*41i7iie e*)r!fice 4e34)/1ui41 &ie7ii !)ric*e 0/ 0e 1e&*te !tfe 1ec3t 34 fr34turi 1e cutur/, +*+u!7iie !uf*0t c*41!54!te 0/=şi +reu4)e!0c/ 4ec*4te4it &i!7!/<S +!0t*r!/, &i!7! 4*5!1/, !ş! cu5, cu c3te&! 5ie4ii 34!i4te, ! 0f3rşitu 4e*iticuui, * cu4*0cu0e re0tu *5e4iriiM!i )r!& O +!rte 1i4 !ce0te triuri, !cee 1i4 *4! +/1ur*!0/, !u r/5!0 34 0t!1iu &34/t*ri*r 5!)1!e4ie4i Z*4!0te+e*r şi ! +/1uri*r ! 1e&e4it !0tfe * +/0tr/t*!re 1e !r!rie, 1e0i)ur 4u 34 0e40u 0/ fi5 i4e 347eeşi c/ +*+u!7iie c!re * *cui!u !r fi f*0t 1e * c!it!te u5!4/ i4feri*!r/ !t*r!, 1!r +e4tru c/ !ce!0t/ *4/ +er+etu!c*41i7ii 1e eHi0te47/ 1e+/şite 1e f*!rte 5ut/ &re5e 34 re0tu u5ii (Re4e r*u00et, L:mpire des %teppes, + 8.D!r treuie 0/ !1/u)/5 c/ ci&ii!7iie 0te+ei 4=!u tr/it, 4ici ee, 34 &!0 34c'i0G )r!&it341 34 *rit! 5!ri*r cuturi0e1e4t!re fie Me0*+*t!5i!, C'i4!, I41i!, Ir!4u 0!u Bi!47u 4*5!ii c!re=şi ur5/re!u &34!tu, 3şi 534!utur5ee 0!u 0e !40!u 34 0+ect!cu!re !&e4turi i0t*rice, 1i4 0te+! 5*4)*/ +34/ 34 0te+! ru0e!0c/, !u 0uferiti4fue47! 0e1e4t!ri*r 5ut ti5+ 34!i4te c! 0/ 0e 341re+te !0u+r! !ce0t*r! +e4tru ! e 4i5ici *r!şee şi cuturie =!u )/0it ur5e 1e i4fue47e 5e0*+*t!5ie4e, ir!4ie4e şi 'ee4i0tice +34/ 34 ieri! şi 34 re)iu4ie !rctice !e A0iei

eHtre5=*rie4t!e At3t er! 1e 5!re +re0ti)iu ci&ii!7iei !)r!re şi ur!4e c!re, 1i4 Orie4tu !+r*+i!t !4tic, ! r!1i!t +retuti41e4i 34 Eur*+! şi c'i!r 34 Eur!0i! tr!&er0341 c'i!r şi 0te+ee şi *4ee f*re0tiereCu t*!te !ce0te! ! 0ui0t!t 34t*t1e!u4! u4 1ec!! i0t*ric 34tre ci&ii!7i! 0te+ei şi !cee! ! re)iu4i*r cuti&!te şi! *r!şe*r, şi 34 !ce0t 1ec!! cr*4**)ic şi t*t*1!t/ cutur!, 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 34tr=u4 limes *!rec!re, treuie c/ut!tefr*4tieree Eur*+ei Kr*4tieree !ce0te! 4u i5+ic/ 1e !tfe 4ici * 1e+reciere ! re!it/7i*r u5!4e c!re 34ce+1i4c** 1e ee Ee 4e !r!t/, +ur şi 0i5+u, c/ dincolo 0e 34ti41e * !t/ u5e, * u5e c!re 4u 5!i e ! noastr$+34/u4tru !ce0tei 5!ri u4it/7i 34 1i&er0it!te c!re e0te Eur*+!, i0t*ri! ! tr!0 4e4u5/r!te i4ii 1e f*r7/ şi c3te*1!t/! 1ei5it!t c*4tururie c3t*r&! *4e +ri&ie)i!te D!r i4iie !ce0te! 1e f*r7/ er!u 34 c*4ti4u/ 5işc!re, *4ee!ce0te! 0e 1e+!0!u şi 0e 34*cui!u u4ee +e !tee I5+eriu R*5!4 ! tr!0 fr*4tieree i4)&i0tice şi=cutur!e 34treu5e! ui şi ce!!t/ u5e, ! !r!ri*r D!r 4ici u4! 1i4 !ce0te fr*4tiere 4=! f*0t 1efi4iti&/, 4ici !0*ut/, 1i4c**1e ee i4fue47ee cutur!e !e R*5ei !u +/tru40 f*!rte 1e+!rte, i!r 34/u4tru i5+eriuui r*5!4 5!ri re)iu4i !u0f3rşit +ri4 ! fi !ie4!te Di4 Rom=nia 1!4ui*=!c!4ic/, 4u5!i 34 R*5;4i! şi M!ce1*4i! 0=! c*4ti4u!t * i5/4e*=!ti4/G Afric! 1e N*r1 r*5!4/ 4=! +/0tr!t 4ici * ur5/ 1i4 5*şte4ire! 0! i4)&i0tic/ şi !ş! 5!i 1e+!rte

/<Oe+!r!re! 34tre R*5! şi Occi1e4tu !r!r, +e 1e * +!rte, şi Bi!47 şi creşti4/t!te! r/0/rite!4/, +e 1e !t!, 4=!340e54!t 4ici e! * ru+tur/ !0*ut/ Nici*1!t/ cee 1*u/ u5/t/7i !e u5ii 'ee4*=r*5!4*=)er5!4ice 4=!u f*0tc*5+et i*!te A0t/i, 34ce+e5 0/ 347ee)e5 5!i i4e r*u cuturii i!4ti4e 34 c*40er&!re! 5*şte4irii r*5!4eşi ec*iu4e! 4*ii cuturi *cci1e4t!e Cee! ce 5!ree +uic cu4*!şte 5!i +u7i4, e0te r*u Bi!47uui şi !Pe4i40uei B!c!4ice 34 tr!405i0iu4e! tr!1i7ii*r +*+u!re c!re !u 0f3rşit +ri4 ! c*40titui cee! ce 0e 4u5eştef*c*ru eur*+e!4 :4 34&/7!t 0ue1e, !1e5!r Lu4)5!4, 0tu1ii41 1ifuiu4e! !ce0t*r tr!1i7ii +*+u!re, i4titu!

up"ra&.R"ein +ri5u &*u5 ! 5!rii 0!e *+ere, şi R"ein.Zenissei ! 1*ie! &*u5 C/ci 1ifuiu4e! !ce0tei 4*i5it**)ii +*+u!re 4u 0=! i5it!t ! Eur*+! ce4tr!/ şi *cci1e4t!/, ci ! +/tru40 +34/ 34 ieri!, 0tr//t341 şii4fue47341 5!0ee 1e 0!&i, fi4*=u)rie4i şi turc*=t/t!ri i, 5!i !e0 34 uti5! +eri*!1/ ! E&uui Me1iu, c341, c!ur5!re ! cuceririi Occi1e4tuui 1e c/tre !r!rii )er5!4ici şi ! 5!ri*r i4&!iu4i c!re !u f/cut 0/ 0e1/r35ee1ificiu r*5!4 34 Pe4i40u! B!c!4ic/, er! 1e !şte+t!t * 1i5i4u!re ! i4fue47e*r cutur!e ! ceei 1e=! 1*u!R*5e, 5!i !e0 !tu4ci 0=! c*4ti4u!t i!4ti4i!re! Occi1e4tuui şi ! Eur*+ei e+te4tri*4!e Ke4*5e4u !ce0t!c*40i0t/, 34 re!it!te, 1i4tr=* r*5!4i!re, * 'ee4i!re şi * *rie4t!i!re, c/ci Bi!47u i4te)r!0e 34 0tructur! ui!t3t 5*şte4ire! R*5ei c3t şi !cee! ! Ir!4uui şi ! E)i+tuui !eH!41ri4 Cure4tu cre!t +ri4 1ifu!re! tr!1i7ii*r



0+iritu!e +*+u!re 1i40+re Orie4t 0+re Occi1e4t 4u f/ce!, 1e !tfe, 1ec3t 0/ rei! 1irec7i!, !t3t 1e i4e cu4*0cut/, !1ifuiu4ii cutur!e 34ce+ut/ 1e! 34 4e*itic Nu 0e +*!te e&*c! !ce!0t/ e+*c/ f/r/ ! 0+u4e u4 cu&34t 1e0+re r*u u4ific!t*r ! creşti4i05uui EHi0t/ u4 !0+ect5!i 1i0cret şi 1e !cee! 5!i +u7i4 cu4*0cut ! !c7iu4ii 0+iritu!e eHercit!te 1e creşti4i05, 1!r c!re 5i 0e +!re 1ece! 5!i 5!re i5+*rt!47/ E0te cee! ce 0=!r +ute! 4u5i *5**)!re! tr!1i7ii*r rei)i*!0e +*+u!re D!t*rit/'!)i*)r!fiei creşti4e, !u f*0t !1u0e ! !ce!şi 4u5it*r u4 4u5/r c*40i1er!i 1e cute *c!e, 1i4 Tr!ci! şi +34/

34 c!41i4!=&i!, şi 1e ! T!)e ! Ni+ru Pri4 creşti4!re! *r, eii şi *curie 1e cut !e 34tre)ii Eur*+e 4u !u +ri5it 4u5!i 4u5e c*5u4e, ci 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e40 !u re)/0it +r*+riie *r !r'eti+uri şi, 1eci, &!e47ee *ru4i&er0!e O f34t34/ 1i4 !i!, +e c!re *c!4icii * c*40i1er!u 0f34t/ 34c/ 1i4 ti5+urie +rei0t*rice, 1!r 0f34t/ +ri4 +ree47! u4ei fi)uri 1i&i4e locale 0!u re)i*4!e, 1e&e4e!, +rF i c*40!cr!re! ei Keci*!rei/<;M/ri!, 0f34t/ pentru întreaga creştin$tate+ T*7i eii 0!u er*ii !e c/r*r 5ituri şi e)e41e cu+ri41e!u şi * u+t/&ict*ri*!0/ cu u4 !!ur er!u i1e4tific!7i f34tuui 'e*r)'e 0!u u4ui !t er*u creşti4, t*7i eii 534tuit*ri !itr/04etuui er!u !0i5i!7i f34tuui Iie Di4 re)i*4!/ şi +r*&i4ci!/ cu5 fu0e0e +34/ ! creşti4i05, 5it**)i! +*+u!r/ 1e&e4e! ecu5e4ic/ R*u ci&ii!t*r ! creşti4i05uui ! f*0t c*40i1er!i 5!i !e0 +ri4 cre!re! u4uii5! 5it**)ic c*5u4 +e4tru 4u5er*!0ee +*+u!7ii 7/r/4eşti c!re, c*40er&!t*!re c! t*!te 0*ciet/7ie e)!te 1e +/534t, ri0c!u 0/ 0e i*ee şi 0/ 0e f*0iiee 34 +r*+riie *r tr!1i7ii !4ce0tr!e Creşti4341u=0e, 0tr/&ec'iu +!tri5*4iu rei)i*0 eur*+e!4 4u 4u5!i c/ ! f*0t +urific!t şi 344*i!t, 1!r ! iutit 0/ tr!405it/ 4*ii et!+e0+iritu!e ! u5!4it/7ii t*t cee! ce 5erit! 0/ fie 0!&!t 1i4 +r!cticie, cre1i47ee şi 0+er!47ee *5uui +re=creşti4

u+r!&ie7uie0c !0t/i 34 creşti4i05u +*+u!r rituri şi cre1i47e 1i4 4e*iticF c*i&! 5*r7i*r, u4/*!r/ K/r/341*i!/ şi !te rei)ii !u +/0tr!t, !0i5i341u=e, tr!1i7iie c!re e=!u +rece1!t, 1!r 5eritu creşti4i05uui e 5!i5!re, c/ci, +/0tr341 trecutu rei)i*0 ! u4ui 34tre) c*4ti4e4t, "=! revalorificat şi "=! unificat t*t*1!t/O+er! !ce!0t! 1e 0i4te/ 0+iritu!/ 0=! c*4ti4u!t 34 +*fi1! ru+turi*r +r*&*c!te 1e !+!ri7i! I0!5uui 34 *ri*4tui0t*riei De 1*u/ *ri u4it!te! Eur*+ei ! f*0t 0eri*0 !5e4i47!t/ şi 34 +!rte c'i!r c*5+r*5i0/F ! 34ce+utu 0ec*uui! VII=e!, +ri4 i4&!1!re! +!4iei şi ! N!r*44ei 1e c/tre !r!i, şi, ş!0e &e!curi 5!i t3riu, +ri4 !+!ri7i! turci*r! ce/!t c!+/t ! Eur*+ei 34 c!rte! 0!, 1e&e4it/ 1e! c!0ic/, Ma"omet et !"arlemagne ("#6%., @e4ri Pire4*e!fir5/ c'i!r c/ i4ter&e47i! !r!i*r 34 0ec*u ! VII=e! ! +u0 c!+/t u4it/7ii 5e1iter!4ee4e şi, i41irect, u5ii!4tice, u4it!te +e c!re i4&!iu4ie )er5!4ice 4u reuşi0er/ 0=* 0f!r5e Q/ri c! +!4i! şi Afric! 1e N*r1, c!re +!rtici+!u ! c*5u4it!te! *cci1e4t!/, !u trecut 1e !tu4ci 34 *rit! B!)1!1uui Me1iter!4! !+u0e!4/tr!40f*r5!t/ 34tr=u4 !c 5u0u5!4 ! 34cet!t 0/ 5!i fie c!e! re)!/ ! 0c'i5uri*r şi i1ei*r T*!te !ce0te! 0u4t!1e&/r!te, 1!r i4&!i! !r!i*r 4=! f*0t 0teri/ 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere 0+iritu! 34 +*fi1! !fir5!7ii*r ui @e4riPire44e, 0e ştie c/ 0c'i5urie cutur!e 34tre I0!5 şi Occi1e4t !u c*4ti4u!t +e t*!te 4i&eurie, 1e ! te**)i!

5i0tic/ ! +*ei! tru!1uri*r şi ! f*c*r e ştie, !0t/i, c/, 1e+!rte 1e ! e 34treru+e, Cruci!1ee 4=!u f/cut 1ec3t0/ f*rtifice !ce0te 0c'i5uri cutur!e Pri4 I0!5, +r*ce0u 1e *rie4t!i!re ! Eur*+ei, 34ce+ut 1e! 1i4 +rei0t*rie, 0e c*4ti4u/ i, 1e f!+t, +ei0!)iu cutur! şi 0e40iiit!te! eur*+e!4/ 0=!u 35*)/7it c*40i1er!i 34ur5! !ce0tui 4*u !+*rt eH*tic/<<

C3t +ri&eşte ! 1*u! *fe40i&/ 5u0u5!4/, !cee! ! turci*r *t*5!4i, e! ! f*0t 5ut 5!i )r!&/ +e4tru u4it!te!Eur*+ei i !0t!, 1!t*rit! 5!i !e0 eur*+e4i*r I4tri)ie şi )e*iie *r, 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 0/iciu4e! I5+eriuuiBi!4ti4, !u +reci+it!t c/1ere! C*40t!4ti4*+*uui 34 "6<6, 35+/r!tu C!4t!cui4*, 34 u+t/ cu I*!4P!e**)u c!re ur5/re! 0/=i i! tr*4u, c/0/t*re! +e +r*+ri! ui fiic/ cu u4 şef turc, c! 0/=" !i/ !i!t 35+*tri&!ri&!uui 0/u D*i !4i 5!i t3riu, turcii +u4e!u +ici*ru +e +/534tu Eur*+ei A0e5e4e! 0/iciu4i 0=!u re+et!t 1e4e4u5/r!te *ri M!i 5ut 1ec3t şefii +*itici 0!u 5iit!ri, +!+ii !u 347ee0 +eric*u +e c!re 3 re+ree4t!u u4Mur!1 0!u u4 B!i!i1 +e4tru 0u+r!&ie7uire! u5ii creşti4e e cu4*0c reut!tee 5i*+iei şefi*r +*iticiG 1u+/34fr34)ere! 1e ! Nic*+*e ("6#-., Pe4i40u! B!c!4ic/ 34tre!)/ c!1e 0u 0t/+34ire! *t*5!4/, i!r re)!tee:4)!riei şi P**4iei 0u4t !5e4i47!te Ru+tur! +r*&*c!t/ 1e *t*5!4i ! f/cut +*0ii/ 1i0t!47!re! Occi1e4tuuif!7/ 1e Orie4tu Eur*+ei D!r !ce0t 0!crificiu ! R/0/rituui Eur*+e!4 4=! f*0t t*tuşi !1!r4icG '/r7ui7i, 0ec*e 1e=! r341u, 1e +ri4ci+ii şi re)ii 03ri, r*5;4i, u4)uri şi +**4ei, *t*5!4ii şi=!u 34ceti4it 5!rşu *r 0+re i4i5!Eur*+ei 34 t*t !ce0t ti5+, Occi1e4tu 0e 34t/re! şi +re)/te! re&!4ş! C341 !r5!tee turceşti !u reuşit 0/ !ti4)/Vie4! şi 0=* !0e1iee, 34 "-86, er! +re! t3riuG fuHu *r *fe40i& 0ec/tui0e Cur341 !&e! 0/ 34ce!+/ refuHuD!r 4u treuie 0/ cre1e5 c/ 0uer!4it!te! turc/ !0u+r! Eur*+ei *rie4t!e 0=! tr!1u0 +ri4tr=* 0e+!r!re t*t!/ 1eOcci1e4t Nu e &*r! 1e * *cu+!7ie, şi cu !t3t 5!i +u7i4 1e * turci!re Nic/ieri cucerit*ru 4u şi=! i5+u0 cu f*r7!rei)i! 0!u i5! Tr!1i7iie *c!e 4=!u f*0t +ericit!te, 0c'i5urie cutur!e 0=!u !5+ific!t C*5er7u )e4*&eşi &e4e7i!4 0=! i40t!!t 34 Le&!4t şi 34 M!re! Ne!)r/ E&i1e4t, cu5 er! 1e !şte+t!t, t*!t/ !ce!0t/ +!rte ! Eur*+ei,!t3t 1e !+r*!+e 1e Bi!47 şi 5*şte4it*!re ! I5+eriuui r*5!4, ! 0f3rşit +ri4 ! c/+/t! * !+!re47/ +uter4ic *rie4t!/,c!re ! c*4triuit 5!i t3riu 0=* 1e*0ee!0c/ 1e Occi1e4t 34 ti5+ ce +*+u!7iie rur!e !c!4*=1!4uie4e 3şi

c*4ti4u!u 5*1u *r 1e &i!7/ tr!1i7i*4!, *r!şee !u u!t c3te*1!t/ u4 !er e&!4ti4G 1!r, 5!i 5ut 1ec3t t!5uuturci!t, 0e 34cerc! 0/ 0e i5ite C*40t!4ti4*+*u 35+/r!7i*r i!4ti4i Nu e &*r! 0/ reu5/5 !ici i0t*ri! Eur*+ei *rie4t!e De0tu 0/ !5i4ti5 c/, 34 +*fi1! *cu+!7iei *t*5!4e, c!re !



!cce4tu!t 1ifere47ee 34tre r/0/rit şi !+u0, u4it!te! c*4ti4e4tuui 4=! f*0t !*it/ :4 0ec* 1e i41e+e41e47/ !34)/1uit Eur*+ei *rie4t!e 0/=şi/<C re)/0e!0c/ 0ufetu şi +ei0!)iu 0/u 0+iritu! !ute4tic Ace!0t/ u4)/ *cu+!7ie turce!0c/ ! c*4triuit, 1e !tfe, 0/35*)/7e!0c/ 0e40iiit!te! eur*+e!4/ i5i*! e)ee!4*=e&!4ti4*=turc/ ! !&ut c! reut!t cre!re! u4ui 4*u 0ti1e &i!7/ şi ! u4ui 4*u +it*re0c =!r +ute! 0+u4e c/ * 4*u/ &er0iu4e ! > mie şi una de nop&i 0=! e!*r!t +e

341eete 34 ur5! c*4t!cte*r 34tre t*!te !ce0te +*+*!re şi t*!te !ce0te cuturi c!re !u !&ut *c 34 5!ree creuetc!re er! B*0f*ru şi Me1iter!4! *rie4t!/ C3t 1e 5ut f!ce +!rte 1i4 Eur*+!\ !ce0t eH*ti05 1!4ui!4*=e&!4ti4* 1*&e1eşte, 34tre !tee, 0ucce0u ui P!4!it I0tr!ti O+er! ui 4e !+!re c! u4 uti5 refeH ! !ce0tei u5i ! @ mie

şi una de nop&i ! R/0/rituui Eur*+ei, !e c/rei &!)i !5i4tiri şi !e c/rei 4*0t!)ii 1*r5 34 0ufetee tutur*reur*+e4i*r De0tu 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 1e !1e&/r!tu eH*ti05 i4!u)ur!t 1e C!5*e0 (şi 4e )341i5 5!i +u7i4 !

Lusia)ii 0/i c3t ! i4c*5+!r!i! 0! *+er/ iric/, u41e te5ee i41*=0i4*=*ce!4ie4e 0u4t +e4tru +ri5! *!r/ i4te)r!te34 e0tetic! eur*+e!4/., 1e0tu 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 1e !ce0t eH*ti05 +e4tru ! 347ee)e c/, 1e 1!t! !ce!0t!, !&e5 1e=!f!ce cu altceva 1ec3t +it*re0cu Le&!4tuui i treuie 0/ citi5 Moby ic8 +e4tru ! 347ee)e c3t 1e 5ut 4e 0u4tf!5ii!re eH*ti05ee iter!turi*r +*+u!re şi 0!&!4te eur*+e4e !/turi 1e M!ree Oce!4, şi c3t 1e 5ut f!c ee +!rte 1i4 +r*+ri! 4*!0tr/ 0u0t!47/Di&er0it/7ie, i4c*5+!tiiit/7ie, c'i!r *+*i7iie 34tre 1i&er0ee 0e40iiit/7i eur*+e4e 0e eH+ic/ +ri4 !te 5*ti&e1ec3t i+*tetic! !+!rte4e47/ 0+iritu!/ ! u4u 1i4 cee 1*u/ *curiF ! r/0/rite4i=*r şi ! !+u0e4i*r V!riet!te!,1ifere47ee !c/tuie0c be)e! Eur*+ei C*4ti4e4tu 4*0tru 4u e 5*4*itic, 1i4 4ici u4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere Pei0!)iu,

i5!, +*ei!, *rie4t!re! fi**fic/ 0e 5*1ific/ 4ec*4te4it 1e ! * 7!r/ ! !t!, 1e ! * re)iu4e ! !t! Difere47eeşi te40iu4ie 34tre &iiu4e! 4*r1ic/ şi 5e1iter!4ee!4/ ! eHi0te47ei 0u4t +*!te 5!i 0e40iie 1ec3t !cee! c!re0e+!r/ A+u0u 1e R/0/ritu Eur*+ei Nu !&e5 1ec3t 0/ *0er&/5 !+r*+ierie şi +riete4iie c!re 0e cri0t!ie!/0+*4t!4 34 C*4)re0ee i4ter4!7i*4!eF +*rtu)'eii 0e !+r*+ie 5!i re+e1e 1e r*5;4i şi )recii 1e 0+!4i*i, 1ec3t, 1eeHe5+u, 0ue1eii 1e it!ie4i Nic/ieri 4u 0e c*40t!t/ )ru+!re! +e *curi )e*)r!ficeD!c/ +ri&i5 34 1irec7i! C*rti4ei 1e fier, 4e +ute5 1! 0e!5! c/ e! c*re0+u41e u4ui !4u5it r!+*rt 1e f*r7e, 1!r4i5ic 5!i 5ut 34 4ici u4 c! 4u 0e +*!te 0+u4e c/ +er1e!u! 1e fier 0e+!r/ 1*u/ u5i, 1*u/ 0tiuri 1e &i!7/ 0!u1*u/ fi**fii !4t!)*4i0te :4)!ri! şi P**4i!, c!t*ice şi *cci1e4t!i!te, !u +ri&it 1e t*t1e!u4! 0+re/<F A+u0, şi 4u 0e 0i5t 0*i1!re cutur!iceşte 4ici cu R*5;4i! 0!u cu B!c!4ii, c!re !u tr/it 34 tr!1i7i! i!4ti4/, 4icicu Ru0i!, cu c!re, +e4tru 5*ti&e 1iferite, 4=!u !&ut, 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere 0+iritu!, 1ec3t c*4t!cte 0+*r!1ice şii5it!te Ce'*0*&!ci!, 1eşi !tr!0/ 34 0fer! i4fue47ei ru0eşti, 3şi !re r/1/ci4ie cutur!e 34 Occi1e4tG +ri4 tr!1i7ierei)i*!0/ (c!t*ic/ şi ref*r5!t/., +ri4 cutur/ (+uter4ice i4fue47e )er5!4e. şi +ri4 i1e**)i! +*itic/ (1e5*cr!7i!

!4)*=0!H*4/. Ce'*0*&!ci! 1e+i41e 1e Occi1e4t 34 cee! ce +ri&eşte R*5;4i!, +ri4 i5! 0! 4e*!ti4/ şi +ri4cutur! 0!, u41e tr!1i7iei i!4ti4e 0=!u 0u0tituit 34 uti5ee 1*u/ &e!curi i4fue47ee *cci1e4t!e, e! e0te*rie4t!t/ c/tre Kr!47! K/r/ 341*i!/, eHi0t/ şi 0*i1!rit/7i et4ice şi cutur!e *rie4t!te 0+re R/0/rit, cu5 e c!u cu0!&*fii! ce'i*r, 03ri*r şi u)!ri*r, 1!r !ce!0t! !re 5!i 1e)r!/ 5*ti&e +*iticeG +re0iu4e! )er5!4ic/ ! f*r7!tCe'*0*&!ci! 0/ 0e 341re+te 0+re Ru0i!, şi u+tee +e4tru i41e+e41e47/ !u e)!t +e u)!ri şi 03ri 1e i5+eriuQ!ri*r Nici * f!t!it!te 34 !f!r/ 1e f*r7! +*itic/ 4u +*!te fi i4&*c!t/ +e4tru ! eH+ic! i4i! +e c!re * tr!0e!/ C*rti4!1e fier Nu 4u5!i +e4tru c/ 4u eHi0t/ 34 re!it!te 4ici u4 *c *rie4t!, +e4tru c/ +*+*!ree 1e 1i4c** 1ec*rti4/ 4u 0e 0i5t 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere +*itic, i4)&i0tic şi cutur! 5!i 0*i1!re 34tre ee 1ec3t 0e 0i5t cu re0tuEur*+ei 1!r şi +e4tru c/ !ce!0t/ &!0t/ re)iu4e, !0t/i i*!t/ 1e circuitu cutur! *cci1e4t!, e0te *r)!4ic e)!t/1e Occi1e4t Du4/re! e0te, +ri4 eHcee47/, u4 fu&iu eur*+e!4 Cu5 0e ştie 1e 5ut/ &re5e, Orie4tu şiOcci1e4tu Eur*+ei 0u4t ec*4*5iceşte c*5+e5e4t!re Nu +*!te fi c*40i1er!t/ C*rti4! 1e fier 4ici c! * 0e+!r!7ie 1e *r1i4 c*4fe0i*4! Ort*1*Hi! 4u e * c!r!cteri0tic/ !

*cuui *rie4t!, +e4tru c/ ce'ii, +**4eii şi u4)urii 4u 0u4t *rt*1*cşi 34 Iu)*0!&i!, !/turi 1e * 5!*rit!te*rt*1*H/, eHi0t/ * 5!0i&/ 5i4*rit!te c!t*ic/ şi 5u0u5!4/, i!r 34 R*5;4i! eHi0t/ u4 )ru+ i5+*rt!4t 1e )rec*=c!t*ici, c*4&erti7i rece4t ! *rt*1*Hie +ri4 1ecret )u&er4!5e4t! Keuritee i0erici *rt*1*He 3şi +/0tre!/, 1e!tfe, +!rticu!rit/7ie *r 4!7i*4!e Ort*1*Hi! r*5;4/, u4/*!r/, 0e 1e*0eeşte 1e ce! ru0/ EHi0t/ !0t/ite41i47! 34 Occi1e4t 1e ! c*40i1er! +e te**)ii şi fi**fii ruşi c! eH+ri5341 +u4ctu 1e &e1ere ! *rt*1*Hiei,cee! ce 4u e0te 34t*t1e!u4! !1e&/r!t, 34ce+341 cu A @*5i!*&, te**)i! ru0/ ! i4*&!t, f!7/ 1e te**)i!*rt*1*H/ Te*ri! ui @*5i!*& !0u+r! !ut*rit/7ii şi !0u+r! criteriuui !1e&/ruui, !cce+t!t/ 1e t*7i 5!rii )341it*ricreşti4i ruşi,/<=! c*4&i40 şi +e te**)ii ce*r!te Bi0erici *rt*1*He A5 re!5i4tit !ce0t eHe5+u +e4tru ! !r/t! c/ !cee!şic*40t!4t/ ! diversit$&ii 4u 0e 34t34eşte 4u5!i 34 Occi1e4t, ci şi 34 Eur*+! r/0/rite!4/, Nu 0e f!ce cu 4ece0it!te*c +ri4 f!+tu c/ rei)i! 1*5i4!4t/ e *rt*1*Hi!, 1u+/ cu5 4u 0e f!ce *c +ri4 f!+tu c/ 0e &*reşte * i5/0!&/ (0/ 4e !5i4ti5, 1e +i1/, te40iu4ie 03r*=u)!r/, ru0*=+**4e/ etc. 34t*c5!i c! şi 34 Occi1e4t, 4ic/ieri 34Orie4tu Eur*+ei 4u eHi0t/ * solidaritate unic$ şi e-clusiv$+ R*5;4ii 0e 0i5t 0*i1!ri cu +*+*!ree !c!4ice1!t*rit/ *rt*1*Hiei şi 5*şte4irii *r c*5u4e i!4ti4e, 1!r 0e 0i5t 0*i1!ri şi cu 4!7iu4ie 1e *ri)i4e !ti4/ 1i4



Occi1e4t I!r +e +!4 te**)ic, R*5;4i! e0te 5!i !+r*!+e 1e Mu4tee At'*0 1ec3t 1e hie&34!i4te 1e r/*i, er! 1e0tu * 0i5+/ +i5!re +ri4 ir/riie 1i4 Be)r!1, Bucureşti 0!u Bu1!+e0t! +e4tru !347ee)e *rie4t!re! iter!r/ ! !ce0t*r +*+*!re 1i4 R/0/ritu şi Ce4tru Eur*+eiG c/r7ie !ut*ri*r fr!4cei 0!utr!1ucerie 1i4 şi 34 i5! fr!4ce/ 1*5i4!u cee!te iter!turi 0tr/i4e e cite!u !ut*ri ruşi şi, ce +u7i4 34R*5;4i!, ei er!u citi7i 34 tr!1uceri fr!4cee 4u 1!t*rit/ 0*i1!rit/7ii *cuui r/0/rite!4, ci +e4tru 5!re! *r&!*!re iter!r/ şi u5!4/ itu!7i! !ce!0t! 4u er! reut!tu +r*+!)!41ei *cci1e4t!eG e! c*re0+u41e! u4ei

4ece0it/7i i4teri*!re / 5!i !5i4ti5 c/ !cee!şi 4ece0it!te i4teri*!r/ 534!0e, c3te&! )e4er!7ii 34!i4te, +eD*0t*ie&0i c/tre B!!c şi intelig"en&ia ru0/ c/tre fi**fi! i1e!i0t/ )er5!4/ şi c/tre 0*ci!i05^ i, +e4tru !/r)i şi 5!i 5ut +r*e5!, 0e +*!te c*4ce+e *!re f*r5!7i! 5!ri*r 0criit*ri şi 5!ri*r fi**fi eur*+e4i 1i4uti5ee 1*u/ 0ec*e f/r/ 0/ 0e 7i4/ 0e!5! 1e 4e4u5/r!te 0c'i5uri şi i4fue47e cutur!e^ B!!c, 1e eHe5+u, !rfi f*0t e B!!c f/r/ !ter c*tt şi r*5!4u 4e)ru e4)e^ i 4e +ute5 i5!)i4! +e D*0t*ie&0i f/r/ B!!c0!u +e Ec! 1e ueir*0 f/r/ K!tiert^ Mut ti5+ 34!i4te 1e &*)! eHi0te47i!i05uui, Mi)ue 1e :4!5u4* 34&/7!0e1!4e! c! 0/ cite!0c/ +e *ere4 hiere)!!r1 I4fue47! te'4icii iter!re ! ui M!u+!00!4t !0u+r! ui Ce'*& ! f*0tc*40i1er!i/, 1!r f/r/ Ce'*& 4u 4e +ute5 34c'i+ui h!t'eri4e M!40fie1 i ci4e !r +ute! reu5! 34tr=* 0i4)ur/fr!/ t*t ce 1!t*reşte Rie 1e0c*+eririi Ru0iei şi 34t34irii 0!e cu )e4iu fr!4ce^I4uti 0/ 5uti+ic/5 eHe5+ee Kiec!re, 34 feu 0/u, 4e &! re&e! 0*i1!rit!te! cutur!/ eur*+e!4/ Difere47e0+ecifice 4!7i*4!e 0!u c'i!r re)i*4!e, *+*i7ii, i4c*5+!tiiit/7i, ire1uctiiit/7i, 1!, 1e0i)ur, şi c3te &*i7i, +e4truc/ !ce!0t! e0te &*c!7i! Eur*+eiF 0//<A

1i0ti4)/, 0/ 0e+!re şi 0/ 34cur!ee 1i!*)u D!r, !/turi 1e !ce0te 1ifere47e, c3t 1e i5+*rt!4t 4e !+!re fondulînsuşi al spiritualit$&ii europene, 0+iritu!it!te 4utrit/ şi f*r5!t/, 1i4 4e*itic şi +34/ ! creşti4i05 şi ! *rie)341irii ştii47ifice, 1e c/tre !cee!şi 5ituri şi !cee!şi !1e&/ruri Ne4u5/r!te 1i!*)uri c!re c*40tituie cutur!eur*+e!4/ 1e ieri şi 1e !0t/i 1*&e1e0c, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, c/ &*ri5 !cee!şi i5/ şi c/ 0u4te5 ieri 0=*&*ri50*ribuna, "#>2.3@PIEMEL J@J@RELEI4 L! * c*4feri47/ +uic/, ur5!t/ 1e 1i0cu7ii 34 c*4tr!1ict*riu, !5 !0cut!t !4u trecut * critic/ ! creşti4i05uui şi !rei)iei 34 )e4er!, f/cut/ 1e u4 5!rHi0t O5u 4u er! u4 *!reci4eG er! u4 uce!f/r +ri4tre 5iit!47ii c*5u4işti,0+eci!işti 34 c'e0tiu4ie rei)i*!0e Ceti0e cri+turie, 34&/7!0e i0t*ri! creşti4i05uui Nu er! 4ici 5/c!r +r*0t, şi&*re! 0ci+it*r, cu e5f!/, !ş! cu5 şti! c/ +!ce +uicuui i cu t*!te !ce0te!, u4)! ui +e1*!rie 35+*tri&!rei)iei şi ! creşti4i05uui ! f*0t u4 şir 4e34treru+t 1e i4e+7ii şi 1e i4eH!ctitu1i4i II !0cut!5 şi 4u iute!5 0/=5icre1 urec'i*r i 5/ 34tre!5F t*!te !0ur1it/7ie !cee!, 1e 5ii 1e *ri re+et!te 1e ! 5i*cu 0ec*uui trecut

34c*!ce, &*r 5!i +ute! i5+re0i*4! *!re u4 +!rii!4 1i4 !4ii /A<B/ N=!ş fi +utut cre1e i, cu t*!te !ce0te!, 5i=!5 1!t 0e!5! cu ruşi4e, !r)u5e4tee !u i5+re0i*4!t Ce +u7i4 c37i&! !0cut/t*ri !u +/r/0it 0!! 34 !ce! 0e!r/tuur!7i 1e critic! creşti4i05uui eHecut!t/ cu !t3t! ri* 1e *r!t*ru 5!rHi0t Pe4tru c/ *5u 4*0tru fu0e0e !iG4u 0e 5u7u5i0e 4u5!i 0/ 34tree cu5 !r fi +utut f!ce Du54eeu u5i4! 34 +ri5! i şi 0*!reS şi u4! 34 iu! ! +!tr!G 1!r &e4i0e şi cu !tfe 1e !r)u5e4te P*5e4i0e, 1e +i1/, 1e 5i0teree e)i+te4e şi 1e 347ee+ciu4e!*rie4t!/, c!re, !ş! cu5 +re! i4e 0e ştie, !u i4fue47!t şi c'i!r !u i40+ir!t Vec'iu Te0t!5e4t V*ri0e, 1e!0e5e4e!, 1e +r*)re0u ştii47ei, c!re ! !u4)!t 1efi4iti& te4eree cre1i47ei, şi 1e0+re !te c3te&! !1e&/rurie&i1e4te 1e !ce!şi c!iru=! ri1ic!t u4 +re*t 1i4 0!/ şi i=! r/0+u40 D!r 4u5!i +e u5/t!te =! 5u7u5it 0/ e&*ce +e Ii0u0 şi 0/ &*re!0c/1e 1re+t!te! 0*ci!/ şi fr/7iet!te! +e c!re, ce 1i4t3i, creşti4i05u !r fi !1u0=*/CBi4 u5e Pre*tu ! e&it!t 0/ !t!ce !r)u5e4t!re! ştii47ific/ ! !4te&*rit*ruui Or, t*c5!i !ici !r fi +utut !&e! *&ict*rie 1e+i4/ şi 0c/+/r/t*!reG t*c5!i !ici, +e tere4u ştii47ific Ar fi +utut 0/=" 4treeF ce 0+u4 5!rii *!5e4i

1e ştii47/ !i ti5+uui, u4 Ei40tei4, u4 =ei0e4er), u4 O++e4'ei5er^ Ar fi treuit 0/=" 0tr34)/ cu uş!F 5/ r*), 15ce i&*!re şi=! cue0 *r!t*ru i4f*r5!7iie 1e0+re 5i0teree e)i+te4e şi 347ee+ciu4e! *rie4t!/^ I!r 34 +ri&i47!f!cerii u5i4ii şi, trei ie 34 ur5/, ! *!reui şi Lu4ii, !r fi treuit 0/ 34tree +e eru1itu eHe)et ! Vec'iuuiTe0t!5e4t 1!c/ ! !uit &re*1!t/ 1e 0i5*i05, şi 1!c/ ştie ce&! 1e0+re 0tructur! i5i*r şi ci&ii!7ii*r !r'!iceGc/ci 1!c/ +re*+i4e4tu !r fi 34&/7!t, 5/c!r 1u+/ urec'e, !ece1!ru i0t*riei rei)ii*r, !+*i !r fi 347ee0 1e 5ut i4ce c*40t/ c*4tr!1ic7i! 1i4 +ri5u c!+it* ! >ene)ei+D!r u4u 5eu +re*t er! u4 0i5+u +!r*' 1e 5!'!! +!rii!4/ şi +!0/5ite 4u cu4*şte! 4ici e !0e5e4e!!1e&/ruri ee5e4t!re Or!t*ru c*5u4i0t 34&/7!0e +e 1i4!f!r/ u4 re&i!r 5!rHi0t i!r +re*tu, !&341 !t3te!!te )rii +e c!+, uit!0e 0/=şi 35+r*0+/tee !+**)etic!G 0e 5u7u5e! 0/ re+ete cee! ce i 0e 0+u0e0e 34 ti4ere7e! ui,i4 e5i4!r Or, 0e 34t35+/ c/ !1e&/r!tu +r*)re0 ! ştii47ei 3i +u4e ast$)i ! 1i0+*i7ie !r)u5e4te +e c!re 4u e +ute! !&e! !cu5 1*u/eci, treieci 1e !4i D!r, e&i1e4t, +r*)re0u !ce0t! 4u e ! 341e5i4! *ricui e cere, şi!ici, 0/=" ur5/reşti, 0/=" 347ee)i, 0/=" i4ter+reteiM/ )341e!5, !0cut341u=i, ! ce 0e 34t35+/ 34 7!r/F +r*+!)!41/ ştii47ific/ şi 5u0c/e!0c/ 35+*tri&! rei)iei,!ce0t terii *+iu5 ! **ruui Bie7ii *!5e4i 34&!7/ +e 1i4!f!r/ 4e4u5/r!te i4e+7ii +rete47i*!0e, şi, +*!te,u4ii 1i4 ei cre1 c/ 34&!7/ uti5u cu&34t ! ştii47ei A0t/i, ter*!re! eHercit!t/ 1e *cu+!4t c*40tituie * 0i)ur/ şi



+r*5+t/ 1e5i47ire ! te*rii*r e4i4i0t*=0t!i=50te 1e0+re eier!re! şi fericire! +*+*!re*r C/ci *!5e4ii !u,34c/, *c'i 1e &/ut şi 5i4te 1e 347ee0 şi 4u e e )reu 0/=şi 1e! 0e!5! c3t 0u4t 1e ieri şi 1e ferici7i 0u0t/+34ire! e4i!uui P/ri4te ! P*+*!re*r D!r 34tr=* i ruşii &*r fi !u4)!7i 1i4 7!r/ şi u4etee *r 0e &*r!0cu41e 34 )!ur/ 1e ş!r+e O 0e!5/ 1e 4*i +r*e5e 0e &*r +u4e !tu4ci i, +ri4tre ee, &! fi şi c'e0tiu4e! !ce!0t!! +r*+!)!41ei !4tirei)i*!0eG ce r/0+u40 ştii47ific &! treui 0/=i 1/5^ Ne &*5 5!i +ute! 5u7u5i, *!re, cu ce0e f/ce! +i4! ! *cu+!re! 7/rii 1e c/tre 0*&ietici^ Cu cee c3te&! +re1ici 1e 1u5i4ic/, 34 c!re 0e re+et!u !cee!şi

!r)u5e4te !+**)etice 1u+/ &ec'i şi 1e0uete c!!+*!1e^/C/ Nu e &*r! 1e fu41!5e4t!re! teologic$, !1ic/, 34 uti5/ i40t!47/, metafi)ic$, ! 34&/7/turi*r Bi0ericii Ace0te!0u4t ucruri 0u7iri, c!re 4u 0t!u ! 341e534! *ricui (Nu +*7i 1i0cut! *ricu5 şi cu *rici4e T!i4! 34tru+/rii, u4/*!r/G !ş! cu5 4u +*7i 1i0cut! +e B!c' 0!u )e*5etriie 5uti1i5e40i*4!e cu +ri5u !0*&e4t ! c*ii 1e0ericicutur/ c!re=7i ie0e 34 c!e. D!r 0u4t * !t/ 0e!5/ 1e ucruri, ştiin&ifice, c!re treuie0c ştiute 1e cei c'e5!7i0/ r/0+u41/ +r*+!)!41ei !4tirei)i*!0e Pre*7ii şi 5ire4ii c!re &*r !&e!, 53i4e, 5i0iu4e! 1e ! u5i4! 5!0ee*tr/&ite 1e +r*+!)!41! 0*&ietic/, &*r treui 0/ fie, ei 34şişi, i4e 1e0uşi7i ! 5i4te şi 0uficie4t 1e i4f*r5!7i !0u+r!feurite*r 1*5e4ii c!re i4tere0e!/ 1irect 0!u i41irect cre1i47! creşti4/F i0t*ri! rei)ii*r, 0i5*i05u rei)i*0,0*ci**)i! +ri5iti&/, 4*ie cure4te !e fi**fiei 5*1er4e, reut!tee fiicii 4uce!re şi !tee/ 4u uit/5 c/ 1e !t37i! !4i r*5;4ii 0u4t 0u+uşi u4ui re)i5 1e ter*!re *r!/ şi 0cri0/F +r*! %cînteii şi ! ce*r!te +uic!7ii 0*&ietice 34 i5! r*5;4/ J!r)*4u !ş!=i0 ştii47ific &! r/534e 35+34t!t 34 5i4te! ie7i*r r*5;4i5ut/ &re5e 1u+/ i)*4ire! 0*&ietici*r 1i4 7!r/ Pre*7ii şi 5ire4ii treuie 0/ fie i4e /5uri7i !0u+r! &!*rii

ştii47ifice ! !r)*4uui e4i4i0t*=0t!i4i0t A1ic/F +e 1e *+!i7e treuie s$ cunoasc$ 0deci, s$ înve&eG2 ee5e4tee1e !/ !e 5!rHi05uui 0*&ietic, c! 0/ 4u r/534/ 1erut!7i c341 i 0e &*r +u4e 34tre/ri 34 !ce0t !r)*4G i!r +e 1e!t/ +!rte, treuie 0/ ştie care este adev$rul ştiin&ific şi 0/=" eH+ice *!5e4i*r, i5+e1e, +e 347ee0, i!r 4ure+et341 +!+!)!iceşte c3te&! f*r5ue i4c*5+re'e40iieMi0iu4e! +re*7i*r 34 Q!r! eier!t/ 4u &! fi uş*!r/ E! 4u e uş*!r/ 4ici 5/c!r !ici, 34 Occi1e4t, u41e i0ericie4u 0u4t +er0ecut!te şi, 1e*c!51!t/, u4 +re*t c!t*ic 0!u u4 +!0t*r +r*te0t!4t !re 1re+tu 0/ i! cu&34tu 34 f!7! u4ui +uic +r*c*5u4i0t Pe4tru c/ 4ici i0ericie 1i4 Occi1e4t 4u 1i0+u4 34c/ 1e 0uficie4te ec'i+e 1e 5i0i*4!ri, c!re s$ ştie cum s$ vorbeasc$ oamenilor din timpul nostru1 1*&!1/, u4u 5eu +!r*', 1e c!re !5 +*5e4it 5!i 0u0, +ec!re iuti0er/ 0/=" 34curce * 0e!5/ 1e 4/3tii !ş!=i0e ştii47ificeL! 4*i,= &! fi 34c/ şi 5!i )reuG c/ci *!5e4ii !u1 34tru4! 4u5!i )!0u Pravdei+ De !cee!, +u7i4ii +re*7i r*5;4ic!re !u 0c/+!t 1e ur)ie şi tr/ie0c !0t/i ieri, 34 Occi1e4t, treuie 0/ 0e +re)/te!0c/ 1e +e !cu5, te5ei4ic, +e4tru)re!u! 0!rci4/ c!re=i !şte!+t/ 34 7!r!

/CS=!u 1u0 ti5+urie c341 0e u+t! c*4tr! i4*c'e4tişti*r cu !41!r5ii Pre*tu &! fi *i)!t 0/ c*4&i4)/ cu f!+t! şicu 0ufetu ui, 1!r şi cu ştiin&a 1e t*t feu, +e c!re ! 34&/7!t=*0Juciumul, !u)u0t "#>6.>@@ J, MI%*R !HIP%GDr!)/ R!c*&e!4u,De f*!rte 5u7i !4i 4e *iş4ui0e5 cu &eştie +r*!0teG f/ce!u *!recu5 +!rte 1i4 c*41i7i! 4*!0tr/ 1e eHi!7i4/+/0tui7i i 1!c/ 0ufere!5 1e c3te *ri !f!5 1e * 4*u/ +ier1ere 0!u 1e * 4*u/ i4i7i!ti&/ 0u)ru5!t/ 1i44e347ee)ere 0!u i+0/ 1e 5i*!ce, 1e!0tree !ce0te! 4u 4e 5!i 5ir!uG 4i 0e +/re! c/, 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, 4e 034t +re1e0ti4!teG c/ 0/r/ci!, *!!, 4e4*r*cu, 1e4/1e1e! c*40tituie 340/şi eHi0te47! 4*!0tr/ 1e eHi!7iG c/ 4u 4e +ute5 !şte+t! ! !tce&!D!r +!rc/ 4e 34&/7!0e5 0/ cre1e5 şi 34 5ir!c*e EHi0t! !ce0t îndreptar, +e c!re, ti5+ 1e !+r*!+e trei !4i, =!i34)riit şi =!i ti+/rit 35+reu4/ cu P/ri4tee K!&iu P*+!4 Ce=! 340e54!t îndreptarul 34 eHiu r*5;4e0c 0e &! şti

şi 0e &! 0+u4e 5!i t3riu, c341 0e &*r ri0i+i 4e)urie, şi t*!te c3te 0=!u f/cut (*ri 4u 0=!u f/cut. 0e &*r &e1e! şi 0e&*r 347ee)eG f/r/ 534ie, 1!r şi f/r/ +/rti4ire Ne=!7i 34&/7!t cu !ce!0t/ f*!ie fru5*!0/ 5!i fru5*!0/ c'i!r1ec3t f*!rte 5ute re&i0te c!re !+/re!u +e ti5+uri 34 7!r/ şi !şte+t!5 cu 4er/1!re 34ce+utu fiec/rei u4i c! 0=* +ri5i5G c/ci ce 4e !1uce! îndreptarul mi 5!i )/0e!5 34 4ici u4! 1i4 re&i0tee 1i4 eHi Nu e &*r! 4u5!i 1ei5! r*5;4e!0c/ f/r/ +ri'!4/, +e c!re * re34t34e!5 34 +!)i4ie &*!0tre !ş! cu5 !5 /0!t=* 4*i !c!0/F cur!t/,4e0t3cit/, 34tre!)/ Er! 340uşi 0+iritu îndreptarului 1e c!re !&e!5 5!re 4e&*ie şi 1e c!re &*5 fi +/)ui7i 1e=!ici34!i4te C/ci u41e &*5 5!i 34t34i * re&i0t/ creşti4/ 34 c!re 0/ 0e 1e!t/ cu cur! şi cu +rice+ere +r*e5eecre1i47ei şi i0t*riei 4*!0tre f/r/ i4'ii7ii c*4fe0i*4!e şi 4e0t34e4i7i 1e f!t*5ee trecutuui^e &! 347ee)e 34tr=* i c3t 1e +r*fetic ! f*0t îndreptarul+ C/ci 34 +!)i4ie ui !u f*0t +re0i57ite uri!şeetr!40f*r5/ri 0+iritu!e c!re !u 34ce+ut 1e! 34 !134curi şi c!re 34tr=* i &*r 0c'i5! f!7! u5ii, +ri5e4i41=* Nu5!i u4 *r, 0!u u4 4!i& 5!i +*!te cre1e c/ ur!)!4u c!re +u0tieşte 1e !t37i! !4i R/0/ritu, şi c!re 34tr=* u4/ i!r /CO +ute! 1e/47ui +r/+/1u @i1r*)e4uui, &! /0! 4ec/ti4!te u4ee f*r5e i0t*rice !e creşti4i05uui T*!tec*4fe0iu4ie creşti4e şi t*!te rei)iie +/534tuui &*r 34fru4t! ce! 5!i 340+/i534t/t*!re cri/ +e c!re ! cu4*0cut=*



+34/ !cu5 I0t*ri! Re&i0t! &*!0tr/ !re 5341ri! c/ 4=! i)4*r!t +r*e5ee 1e !134ci5e +e c!re e=! 1e0c'i0 !1*ie! r/*i 5*41i! şi c/ ! 34cerc!t 0/ e 347ee!)/ c*40eci47ee !t3t +e +!4u cre1i47ei c3t şi +e ce ! cuturiir*5;4eşti Ne 34&/7!0e5 0/ cre1e5 34 !ce0t 5ir!c*F c/ îndreptar eHi0t/ şi c*4ti4u/ 0/ !+!r/ i !cu5, f/r/ 0/ 347ee)e51e ce şi +ri4 ce 35+reur/ri, 4i 0e 0+u4e c/ şi !ce!0t/ &re14icie r*5;4e!0c/ ! f*0t 0u)ru5!t/ 35i ceri 0/ 5!i 0criuc3te&! +!)i4i, uti5ee, c! 0/=5i i!u r/5!0 u4 1e ! cetit*rii îndreptarului+++

R/5!0 u4^ A0t! 4=* +*t f!ce C3t ti5+ 0u4te7i &ii, &*i, re1!ct*rii îndreptarului, şi 5!i tr/i5 şi 4*i, c*!*r!t*riişi cetit*rii ui, 4u 34c!+e R/5!0 u4 O 0/ 4e 34f34i5D!r ci4e&! t*t ! 5urit 1i4tre 4*i Nu ştiu ci4eG 4u=" cu4*0c P*!te 4ici 5/c!r 4u e *5G ci 4u5!i * 0t!re, *i40titu7ie, * !15i4i0tr!7ie i=5i +!re r/u c/ ! 5urit Kii47! 0!u i40titu7i! !ce!0t! 5i=er! 0i5+!tic/ M/ 1e0+!rt cu5e!4c*ie 1e e! **1e, Mi0ter C'i+00îndreptar, *ct*5rie "#>6.

%*I#EL !EL*ERII R@MQ#Ş*I Pu7i4e 4e!5uri 0e +*t 5341ri c/ !u !&ut !t3t! 4e4*r*c 34 I0t*rie, c! 4e!5u r*5;4e0c C! 0/ +ute5 347ee)e1e0ti4u cuturii r*5;4eşti, treuie 0/ 7i4e5 5ereu 0e!5! 1e &itre)i! I0t*riei r*5;4i*r A5 f*0t !şe!7i 1e 0*!rt/! fr*4tieree r/0/rite4e !e Eur*+ei, +e !5ee &er0!4te !e ultimilor mun&i europeni, C!r+!7ii, 1e=! u4)u şi! )urie ceui 5!i 5!re fu&iu eur*+e!4, D!4uiu Tr!i!4 4e=! +re1e0ti4!t 1re+t +*+*r 1e fr*4tier/ Ocu+!re! şic**4i!re! D!ciei ! 340e54!t !c7iu4e! 1e eH+!40iu4e ce! mai r$s$ritean$ +e c!re ! 34cerc!t=* I5+eriu R*5!434 Eur*+! 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, şi )e*)r!fic şi cutur!, 1i4c** 1e Bu), Eur*+! 34cete!/F r*5!4it!te! cu t*t ce

re+ree4t! e! c! 0i4te/ şi 5*şte4it*!re ! 5!ri*r ci&ii!7ii 5!riti5e şi c*4ti4e4t!e c!re * +rece1!0er/ 4=!iutit 0/ 0e 34ti41/ 5!i ! R/0/rit 1e Bu) De !c** 34!i4te 34ce+e * !t/ )e*)r!fie şi * !t//C;ci&ii!7ieG c!re +*!te fi f*!rte i4tere0!4t/, 1!r c!re 4u 5!i !+!r7i4e Eur*+ei, ci !ceei f*r5e i0t*ric*=cutur!e +ec!re Re4e r*u00et * 4u5e! I5+eriu te+e*r Pei0!)iie Eur*+ei 0u4t 1e * eHtr!*r1i4!r/ &!riet!teF !+r*!+e c/4u eHi0t/ re)iu4e 34 c!re +ei0!)iu 0/ 4u 0e 0c'i5e ! fiec!re 0ut/ 1e i*5etri R*5;4i! e0te uti5! 7!r/ 1i4Eur*+! 34 c!re !ce!0t/ c*40t!4t/ )e*)r!fic/ 0e 5!i &erific/ Di4c** 1e Bu), 0truetur! +ei0!)iuui 0e 5*1ific/1i4 ce 34 ce 5!i 34cetG &!riet!te! )e*)r!fic/ e 34*cuit/ cu 5*4*t*4i! 4e5/r)i4ite*r +/534turi 4e)re !e:cr!i4ei, c!re, +e 4e0i57ite, 0e tr!40f*r5/ 34 0te+ee Ru0iei eur!0i!ticeAce0te c35+ii şi !ce0te 0te+e !u !c/tuit 1i4 cee 5!i &ec'i ti5+uri 1ru5u i4&!ii*r !0i!tice c/tre Eur*+! Dece +u7i4 1i4 5ie4iu I 34!i4te 1e C'ri0t*0, 1e ! ci5erie4i şi 0ci7i, 4e!5urie 4*5!1e eur!0i!tice 0e 341re+t!u0+re D!ci! +e4tru c! 0/=şi +*!t/ f!ce 1ru5 5!i 1e+!rte, c/tre reci! 0!u It!i! I4uti 0/ re!5i4ti5 t*!te !ce0te4/&/iri !r!re De0tu 0/ 0+u4e5 c/ r*5;4ii 0=!u !c/tuit, c! 4!7iu4e, 34 1ecur0u 4e4u5/r!te*r i4&!ii c!re !u

ur5!t !!41*4/rii D!ciei 1e c/tre Aurei!4, şi c/ 0=!u c*40tituit c! *r)!4i!7ii 0t!t!e i41e+e41e4te +u7i4 ti5+1u+/ 4/&/ire! t/t!ri*r, ! 34ce+utu 0ec*uui ! gII=e! Cutur!iceşte, !ce0te 4/&/iri !u f*0t 1e * cu5+it/0teriit!te Nici 1!cii, 4ici 1!c*=r*5!4ii, 4ici r*5;4ii 4=!u !&ut 4i5ic 1e 34&/7!t 1e ! !ceşti 4*5!i r/0/rite4i NueHi0t/ 4ici * c*5+!r!7ie cu cee! ce !u 340e54!t +e4tru &iit*ru Eur*+ei 4/&/irie )er5!4ice 1e ! 0f3rşitu!4tic'it/7ii Af!r/ 1e r!ri eHce+7ii +ri4tre c!re treuie !5i4ti7i, 34 +ri5u r341, 0!&ii !ceşti !r!ri r/0/rite4i4u *cu+!u terit*riie cuceriteG 0e 5u7u5e!u 0/ e 1e&!0tee A0tfe c/ rei0te47! 1e 5ute *ri +!0i&/ 34 f!7!4/&/iri*r 4u 0=! 0*1!t cu 4ici u4 e4eficiu cutur! +e4tru 0tr/5*şii 4*ştri i4)uru !+*rt +*iti& "=! !1u0,i41irect, 5!re! i4&!ie t/t/re!0c/G 1!r e e 1e *r1i4 i0t*ric, i!r 4u cutur! 34 ur5! c!t!0tr*fei, +r*&*c!te 1e4/&/irie t/t!ri*r, r*5;4ii !u c*40tituit +ri5ee *r)!4i!7ii 0t!t!e 5!*reDe0ti4u ! f/cut c! * 0ut/ ci4cieci 1e !4i 1u+/ 4/&/irie t/t/reşti, * !t/ 4*u/ şi 5!0i&/ eH+!40iu4e !0i!tic/ 0/!i/ *c 34 Eur*+! r/0/rite!4/F e0te !+!ri7i! turci*r *t*5!4i, c!re *cu+/ fu)er/t*r 0t!tee !c!4ice şi 34ce!rc/0/=şi 1e0c'i1/ 1ru5 0+re i4i5! Eur*+ei 341re+t341u=0e 0+re Du4/re De ! !+!ri7i! turci*r *t*5!4i 34 *ri*4tui0t*riei r*5;4eşti, r*5;4ii, 35+reu4/ cu &eci4ii *r 03rii, u4)urii şi +**4eii, 1!r 5!i 5ut c! ei, +e4tru c/ 0e

!f!u 34 1ru5u turci*r r*5;4ii !u f*0t c*4fi0c!7i, ti5+ 1e/C<!+r*!+e +!tru 0ec*e, 1e i4)r!t! 5i0iu4e 1e ! rei0t!, ! '/r7ui şi ! i0t*&i +uter4icee !r5!te *t*5!4e Lu+t!!ce!0t! 4ec*4te4it/ şi f/r/ )*rie +e4tru c/ 1!c/ 4u 0e !f/ 1ec3t r!re*ri 34 Occi1e4t ! ec'i&!!t cu *340+/i534t/t*!re 'e5*r!)ie K/r/ 341*i!/ c/ rei0te47! r*5;4i7*r şi ! &eci4i*r *r 1u4/re4i ! f/cut +*0ii/0!&!re! Occi1e4tuui 34 cee trei 0ec*e c!re 0=!u 0cur0 1e ! /t/i! 1e ! Nic*+*e ! !0e1iu Vie4ei, Occi1e4tu! !&ut r/)! 0/ 0e 34t/re!0c/ şi 0/ 0e +re)/te!0c/ 1e c*4tr!*fe40i&/ C341, 1u+/ 34fr34)ere! rei0te47ei r*5;4eşti,*t*5!4ii !u !u40 ! Vie4! şi !u !0e1i!t=*, 34 "-86, er! +re! t3riu Ei 34şişi er!u i0t*&i7i 1e cee trei 0ec*e 1eu+t/, şi 1e !tu4ci !u f*0t 0ii7i 0/ 0e retr!)/ tre+t!t 1i4 Eur*+! 34 tre!c/t fie 0+u0, 0!crificiu 1e 034)e şi 1e 0+irit! +*+*!re*r 1i4 R/0/ritu Eur*+ei 4=! f*0t 34c/ &!*rific!t 1e c/tre c*4ştii47! i0t*ri*)r!fic/ ! Occi1e4tuuiE0te 0uficie4t 0/ re!5i4ti5 34 i4iie ei 5!ri i0t*ri! R*5;4iei, +e4tru ! 347ee)e 1e ce r*5;4ii 4=!u +utut f!cecutur/ 34 0e40u *cci1e4t! ! cu&34tuuiG 1e ce, !1ic/, 4=!u +utut 34/7! c!te1r!e 5!0i&e şi 4u5er*!0e, 1e ce 4=!u i1it c!0tee şi ur)uri 1e +i!tr/, 1e ce 4=!u !1u4!t c*5*ri 1e !rt/, 4=!u 0cri0 +re! 5ute c/r7i şi 4=!uc*!*r!t, !/turi 1e Occi1e4t, ! +r*)re0u ştii47e*r şi ! fi**fiei, 34 +ri5u r341 +e4tru c/ 4=!u !&ut ti5+ 0/f!c/ t*!te !ce0te!, +e4tru c/ n.au fost l$sa&i 0/ e f!c/ I4&!iie 0e 0ucce1!u u4! 1u+/ !t! şi *!5e4ii 4u 4u5!i



c/=şi +/r/0e!u 0!tee c! 0/ 0e retr!)/ 34 5u47i, ci e şi !r1e!u 34 ur5! *r Or!şee !u f*0t 4ec*4te4it 1e&!0t!te şii4ce41i!te +34/ ! 34ce+utu 0ec*uui ! gg=e! E 1e 5ir!re, t*tuşi, c/ 0=!u 5!i +/0tr!t c3te&! i0erici şi534/0tiri i fru5u0e7e! 1e0/&3rşit/ ! !ce0t*r *c!şuri 0fi4te e ce! 5!i u4/ 1*&!1/ 1e )u0tu !rtişti*r şi&*ie&*i*r r*5;4i D!r 1i4 t*t ce 0=! c/1it 34 7/rie r*5;4eşti ! r/5!0 f*!rte +u7i4 M34/0tirie er!u *)!te 345!4u0cri0e şi c/r7i, şi 5ii 1e !0e5e4e! 5!4u0cri0e şi c/r7i, c*+i!te şi ti+/rite 34 534/0tirie r*5;4eşti, 0e )/0e0c!0t/i 34 t*!te 5!rie ii*teci !e u5ii D!r 1e t*!t/ !ce!0t/ +r*1uc7ie rei)i*!0/ şi 0!&!4t/ 0=! !uit +re! +u7i4

34 Occi1e4tG e!, 340/, circu/ 34 t*!t/ Eur*+! r/0/rite!4/ şi 34 Orie4tu !+r*+i!t Du+/ c/1ere!C*40t!4ti4*+*uui, 7/rie r*5;4eşti !u f*0t, 5ut/ &re5e, i&*ru cutur! ! 34tre)uui Orie4t creşti4 /0e!!c** u4 +uic 34 !cee!şi 0itu!7ie c! şi +*+*ru r*5;4e0cF ter*ri!t 1e i4&!iie 0!u *cu+!7i! *t*5!4/, ru+t 1ere0tu Eur*+ei iere şi creşti4e, c*4fi0c!t 1e * u+t/ i 1e i +e4tru 0u+r!&ie7uire 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e40, 0e +*!te0+u4e c/ E&u Me1iu 0=! +reu4)it 34 R/0/ritu/CC Eur*+ei cu ce +u7i4 trei &e!curi De !cee! t*!t/ !cti&it!te! cutur!/ 0cri0/ c!re 0=! 1e0f/şur!t 34 7/rie r*5;4eşti0=! f/cut 34 0e40u 34 c!re 0e 0cri!u c/r7ie 34 E&u Me1iuF +e4tru 34t/rire! 0ufete!0c/ ! +*+*ruui şi 34&/7/tur!cerici*r Pe4tru !ce0t 5*ti&, 34 !f!r/ 1e c3te&! r!re eHce+7ii, !ce!0t/ +r*1uc7ie cutur!/ 4=! i4tere0!t Occi=1e4tuG +e4tru c/ Occi1e4tu 1e+/şi0e 1e 5ut E&u Me1iu şi 4u 0e 5!i i4tere0! 1ec3t 1e &!*rie cre!te 34c*4f*r5it!te cu 4*ie c!4*!4e i5+u0e 1e Re4!ştere Or, 1i4 5*ti&e i0t*rice e04e 1e 347ee0, 1!r 5!i !e0 1!t*rit/0tructurii creşti4e şi +*+u!re ! 0+iritu!it/7ii 0!e, R*5;4i! 4=! cu4*0cut ec'i&!e4tu Re4!şterii i !t3t!ti5+ c3tOcci1e4tu ! tr/it 34 *ri*4tu 0+iritu! ! Re4!şterii, e ! r/5!0 cu t*tu i41ifere4t f!7/ 1e &!*rie cutur!e

r*5;4eşti I4tere0u Occi1e4tuui +e4tru R*5;4i! şi cee!te +*+*!re 1i4 R/0/ritu Eur*+ei 0=! treit !i! !34ce+utu 0ec*uui ! gh=e!, c341 cicu i4!u)ur!t 1e Re4!ştere ! f*0t 1efi4iti& 34c'i0 şi ! 34ce+ut E*4u4!7i*4!it/7i*r34!i4te 1e ! 5er)e 5!i 1e+!rte, !ş &re! 0/ 1e0c'i1 * +!r!4te/ +ri&it*!re ! te40iu4e! i0t*ric/, +reu4)it/ 1e ci4ci0ec*e, c!re ! eHi0t!t 34tre r*5;4i, +e 1e * +!rte, şi t/t!ri şi turci +e 1e !t! 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 1!c*=r*5!'ii,1u+/ +/r/0ire! D!ciei 1e c/tre Aure=i!4, 4=!u !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ cu4*!0c/ 0i5i*! cu +*+*!ree !r!re)er5!4ice, !ş! cu5 !u cu4*0cut=* +r*&i4ciie *cci1e4t!e !e I5+eriuui, şi c!re 0=! 1*&e1it ! fi !t3t 1e ferti/ +e4tru &iit*!ree cre!7ii i0t*rice şi cutur!e !e Eur*+ei t*t !ş! r*5;4ii 4=!u !&ut 4*r*cu u4*r !1&er0!ri0+iritu!iceşte 0u+eri*ri 0!u 5/c!r e)!i Pe4tru ! 4e 1! 0e!5! 1e )r!&it!te! !ce0tui ucru, 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 c!u+!4iei, c!re ! cu4*0cut şi e! * te40iu4e 0i5i!r/ f!7/ 1e I0!5 D!r u+t! +!4iei cu 5!urii ! f*0t i4e&e4it/ 4u4u5!i +e4tru c/ire! c!r!cteruui 0+!4i*, ci şi +e4tru !cti&it!te! cutur!/ +!4i! ! 1!t 5ut I0!5uui ieric 1!r ! şi +ri5it 1e ! e C'i!r !tu4ci c341 4u 0e +*!te &*ri 1e * i4fue47/, ci*c4ire! 34tre cee 1*u/ 0+iritu!it/7i şicee 1*u/ tr!1i7ii cutur!e ! f*0t ferti/ +e4ru fiec!re 1i4 ee

Cu t*tu !tu e c!u R*5;4iei şi ! ce*r!te 7/ri c!re !u +urt!t 0ec*e 1e=! r341u r/*!iee cu t/t!rii şi cuturcii 34 !f!r/ 1e c3te&! ee5e4te eHic!e, 4=!5 u!t !+r*!+e 4i5ic 1e ! !ceşti !1&er0!ri Ot*5!4ii re+ree4t!u34 +ri5u r341 * +utere 5iit!r/ şi * !15i4i0tr!7ie 0*i1/ Rei0te47! 35+*tri&! *r ! !&ut reut!te i5+*rt!4te, 1!r1e u4 cu t*tu !t *r1i4 1ec3t cee +e c!re e=!u cu4*0cut 0+!4i*ii 1i4 u4)u *r c*4fict cu 5!urii A)re0i&it!te!5iit!r/ ! *t*5!4i*r ! 0*i1!ri!t t*!te +*+*!ree creşti4e 1i4 Eur*+! Orie4t!/G 34 !0e5e=/CF 4e! 5/0ur/ 34c3t, 34 i5! r*5;4/, u4 creşti4 1e0e54e!/ t*t !t3t 1e i4e u4 r*5;4, u4 *5 1e *5e4ie şi u4cre1i4ci*0 34 ti5+ ce +/)34 340e!54/ 4u 4u5!i u4 4e=creşti4, ci şi u4 *5 f/r/ 4ici * e)e 5*r!/, u40trei4 &e4it 1i4 !t/ u5e şi !&341 cu t*tu !te *iceiuri I!r cu&34tu turc 340e!54/ 34 i5! r*5;4/ u4 *5c!re 4u 347ee)e ce=i 0+ui, c!re u1ec/ 1u+/ !te criterii şi 1e ! c!re te +*7i !şte+t! ! *rice I4ter&e47i! *t*5!4i*r34 *ri*4tu i0t*ric ! r*5;4i*r 4=! r*1it, 1eci, cutur!iceşteG e! ! f/cut 1*!r c! u5e! 0/ 0e 35+!rt/ 34 1*u/F +e1e * +!rte creşti4ii, !1ic/ *!5e4ii 1e !cee!şi e)e şi cre1i47/ i!r +e 1e !t/ +!rte +/)34ii, 4ee)iui7ii,turcii

+re 1e*0eire, 340/, 1e I0!5u c!re, 34 +ri5ee 0ec*e !e @e)irei, 3şi 34ti41e! &erti)i4*0 0t/+34ire! 34 Orie4t, +e7/r5urie Me1iter!4ei şi 34 IYeri!, c*4&erti41 !1e0e! cu f*r7! +*+u!7iie 0uu)!te *t*5!4ii, ei 34şişic*4&erti7i 1e0tu 1e t3riu ! I0!5i05, 4u 0e !5e0tec!u 1ec3t 0+*r!1ic 34 &i!7! rei)i*!0/ ! +*+*!re*r cu c!re 0eu+t!u A0tfe c/, 34 !f!r/ 1e r!re eHce+7ii, 7/rie r*5;4eşti, c! şi 34tre!)! Pe4i40u/ B!c!4ic/, şi=!u +utut +/0tr!4eştirit/ cre1i47! 0tr/5*şe!0c/ Ace!0t/ t*er!47/ rei)i*!0/ ! *t*5!4i*r ! f*0t, f/r/ 341*i!/, u4 5!re i4eD!r, +e 1e !t/ +!rte, e! ! !&ut şi u4 !0+ect 4e)!ti& Li+0! 1e te40iu4e 0+iritu!/ 34tre cee 1*u/ rei)ii ! 35+u7i4!t +*0iiit/7ie 1e re344*ire şi 1e 4*i 0i4tee cutur!e !e 4e!5uui 4*0tru M!rie !1&er0it/7i rei)i*!0e şii1e**)ice 0u4t 1e *icei fertie 0+iritu!iceşte +e4tru !5ii !1&er0!ri, şi Occi1e4tu c!t*ic, c! şi I41i! r!'5!4ic/, 1!t*reşte i41irect, rei0te47ei 35+*tri&! I0!5uui, u4ee 1i4 cre!7iie ui cee 5!i 1e 0e!5/ D!r*t*5!4ii cu c!re 0e r/*i!u 0tr/5*şii 4*ştri 4u er!u 5!urii c!re !u 35+*1*it, !u !+/r!t şi !u +340 r!4!1!K!7/ 1e +ri5e1i! +e c!re * re+ree4t!u *t*5!4ii, r*5;4ii 0=!u 34c'i0 şi 5!i 5ut 34 ei, 0=!u !134cit 34 +r*+riie*r tr!1i7ii 0+iritu!e, c!re er!u 4u 4u5!i !ti4*=i!4ti4e, ci şi +re=!ti4e, !1ic/ )et*=tr!cice Reut!tu ! f*0t c/)e4iu +*+u!r, !ute4tic r*5;4e0c, ! ieşit 0+*rit 1i4 !ce0t 0ecu!r +r*ce0 1e i4teri*ri!re D!r e&i1e4t, !134cire! +r*+rii*r tr!1i7ii 0+iritu!e 4=! +utut r*1i 1ec3t +e 4i&eu cre!7iei +*+u!re, !1ic/ ! f*c*ruui De !i! 1ecur3'1 r*5;4ii !u cu4*0cut !1&er0it/7i i0t*rice 34 c!re er!u +ri5e1uite fie cre1i47! 0tr/5*şe!0c/, fie 340/şi fii47!



4e!5uui Or, !0e5e4e! !1&er0it/7i, cu t*!te 1urerie şi +ier1erie 1e 0u0t!47/ +e c!re e=!u !1u0, !u f*0t, t*tuşi, i4ef/c/t*!re Ee !u c/it c!r!cteru 4!7i*4! şi !u )r/it +r*ce0u 1e u!re 1e cu4*şti47/ ! +r*+riuui 1e0ti4i0t*ric/CA1e&/r!t! +ri5e1ie 34ce+e, 340/, +e4tru 34tre) 4e!5u r*5;4e0c, !i! 1u+/ *cu+!re! terit*riuui 1e c/tre*&iete Pe4tru 34t3i! *!r/ 34 i0t*ri! 0!, 4e!5u r*5;4e0c !re 1e=! f!ce cu u4 !1&er0!r 4u 4u5!i eHce+7i*4! 1e

+uter4ic, 1!r şi '*t/r3t 0/ 34treui47ee *rice 5i*c +e4tru ! 4e 1e0fii47! 0+iritu!iceşte şi cutur!iceşte, c! 0/ 4e +*!t/, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, !0i5i! Pri5e1i! e0te 5*r!/, c/ci 5et*1ee 5*1er4e 34)/1uie 1er/1/ci4/rie şi1e+!0/rie 1e +*+u!7ii +e * 0c!r/ +e c!re *5e4ire! 4=! 5!i cu4*0=cut=* 1e ! !0irie4i C'i!r f/r/ 5!0i&ee1e+!0/ri 1e +*+u!7ii, eHi0t/ +ri5e1i! u4ei 0terii/ri 0+iritu!e +ri4 1i0tru)ere! 0i0te5!tic/ ! eite*r şi ru+ere!e)/turi*r *r)!4ice cu tr!1i7iie cutur!e !ute4tic 4!7i*4!e Ne!5u r*5;4e0c, c! şi !te !t3te! 4e!5uri0u)u)!te 1e *&iete, ri0c/ 0/ 1e&i4/, cutur!ceşte, u4 +*+*r 1e 'irii D!r, 0=!r +ute!, t*tuşi, c! !ce!0t/ +ri5e1ie 1e 5*!rte 0/ 0e 0*1ee cu * eHtr!*r1i4!r/ re!c7ie 0+iritu!/, c!re 0/ ec'i&!ee cu i40t!ur!re! u4ui 4*u5*1 1e ! fi şi 0/ +r*&*!ce +e +!4u cre!7iei cutur!e cee! ce ! 340e54!t, +e +!4u cre!7iei 0t!t!e, 1e0c/ec!=re! 1e !cu5 ş!+te &e!curi, +r*&*c!t/ 1e 5!re! 4/&/ire ! t/t!ri*r Du+/ cu5 0+u4e!5 5!i 0u0, f*41!re!t!te*r r*5;4eşti 0e 1!t*reşte 34 u4/ +!rte eH!0+er/rii +r*1u0e 1e 1e&!0t/rie t/t/reşti, c!re !5e4i47!u cu1i0+!ri7i! 5ici*r f*r5!7ii +*itice !ut*4*5e =!r +ute! c! *cu+!7i! 0*&ietic/ şi 34cerc!re! 1e 1e4!7i*4!i!re34tre+ri40/ 1e ruşi cu 5et*1e şi 5i*!ce f!r!*4ice 0/ 340e54e, +ri4 c*4tr!*fe40i&! 0+iritu!/ +e c!re * +r*&*!c/,!1e&/r!t! i4tr!re ! R*5;4iei 34 istoria cutur!/ ! Eur*+ei ui4ie 34tr=!1i40 ter5e4u istorie+ C/ci !+r*!+e

t*t ce ! 1!t 5!i u4 )e4iu r*5;4e0c +34/ 34 +ree4t, "=! 1!t +e 4i&eu cre!7iei f*c*rice Or, 0e ştie +re! i4e,f*c*ru 4u ti4e 0e!5! 1e i0t*rieF 1i5+*tri&/, * 0!*te!/ şi * 1e&!*rie!/ I4 *ri*4tu 0+iritu! c!re e +r*+riuf*c*ruui, i0t*ri! ec'i&!e!/ cu efe5eru, 4e0e54ific!ti&u şi iu*riu ,A+! trece, +ietree r/534 e0tef*r5u! c!re reu5/ ce 5!i +re)4!4t +u4ctu 1e &e1ere ! )e4iuui +*+u!r f!7/ 1e i0t*rie, 34 +er0+ecti&!f*c*ruui, I0t*ri! e 1*!r u4 şir 1e &!4e 34t35+/ri, efe5ere şi +rec!re c! V!urie şi A+ee e54ific!ti&e 4u0u4t A+ee 34 c*4ti4u/ 1e&e4ire ci cee! ce e )reu, i5*i, i4c*5+!tiiF Pietree, i5!)i4e! !r'eti+!/ !re!it/7ii *4t**)ice +ri4 eHcee47/Ace!0t/ u4)/ +!r!4te/ 1e0c'i0/ !0u+r! i+0ei 1e te40iu4e 0+iritu!/ 34tre *t*5!4i şi r*5;4i şi 34c'i0/ !0u+r! +ri5e1iei +e c!re * re+rei4t/ *cu+!7i! 0*&ietic/, +ri5e1ie c!re, t*tuşi, !r +ute!/CAi4!u)ur! u4 4*u fe 1e ! fi, în istorie, ! r*5!4it/7ii !ce!0t/ u4)/ +!r!4te/ 4u 4e=! 1e+/rt!t, t*tuşi, +re!5ut 1e 0uiect Pe4tru c/ t*c5!i 34ce+u0e5 0/ 0+u4e5 c/, 1!t*rit/ 35+reur/ri*r i0t*rice, r*5;4ii !u f*0t35+ie1ic!7i 0/ creee +e 4i&eurie cutur!e i40t!ur!te 1e E&u Me1iu şi 1e0/&3rşite 1e Re4!ştere C!+*1*+eree

0+iritu!it/7ii r*5;4eşti !+!r7i4 f*c*ruuiG şi 1eşi R*5;4i! 5*1er4/ ! !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ !i/ u4 +*et 1e )e4iu 34Mi'!i E5i4e0cu, t*tuşi c!+*1*+eree iricii şi !!1ei r*5;4eşti r/534 +*eiie +*+u!re Miori&a şi Legenda

Meşterului Manole+ Ce&! 5!i 5ut, * u4/ +!rte 1i4 iter!tur! r*5;4/ 5*1er4/ 0=! 1e&*t!t 34 +reu4)ire!cre!7iei f*c*rice :4u 1i4 r!rii !ut*ri r*5;4i c!re +*t fi 4u5i7i cu !1e&/r!t c!0ici, I*4 Cre!4)/, 0e 0itue!/1irect 34 u4i&er0u f*c*ric A0t! f!ce c! iter!tur! r*5;4/ 0/ +rei4te, +*!te, 0i4)ur! eHce+7ie +e c!re * 4u5/r/iter!tur! eur*+e!4/G !cee! c/ opera integral$ ! u4ui! 1i4 cericii 0/i e0te !cce0ii/, şi +ri4 i5/, şi +ri4*rie4t!re e0tetic/, *ric/rui 7/r!4 r*5;4G şi c341 0+u4e5 !cce0ii/, 4u 4e )341i5 ! lectur$, +e4tru c/ 7/r!4u,c'i!r !tu4ci c341 ştie 0crie şi ceti, r/r434e t*tuşi 0*i1!r cu iter!tur! *r!/G *r, *+er! ui Cre!4)/ +*!te fi !0cut!t/şi )u0t!t/ 1e 7/r!4i cu !cee!şi ucurie cu c!re ei !0cut/ cre!7iie iter!turii +*+u!re E 1e0tu 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 +r/+!0ti! c!re&eHi0t/ 34tre R!ci4e, M*4t!i)4e 0!u P!0c! şi u4i&er0u 0+iritu! ! 7/r!4uui fr!4ce, 0!u 34tre *+er!ui *et'e şi ! ui D!4te şi u4i&er0urie 7/r!4i*r )er5!4i şi it!ie4i, +e4tru ! 4e 1! 0e!5! 1e 0e54ific!7i! +e c!re* !re c!u ui I*4 Cre!4)/ +e4tru cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ N=!5 &re! 0/ fi5 r/u 347eeşi C*40t!t341 !ce!0t/ +reu4)ire ! )e4iuui f*c*ric +3'/ ! iter!tur! 0cri0/ !

0f3rşituui 0ec*uui ! gg=e!, 4u &*i5 0/ f!ce5 !+**)i! &!*ri*r f*c*rice, *+u=4341u=e &!*ri*r cuturii0!&!4te Di5+*tri&/, 1i4tr=u4 !4u5it +u4ct 1e &e1ere, !ce!0t/ 0*i1!rit!te ! u4ei +/r7i 1i4 iter!tur! r*5;4e!0c/5*1er4/ cu u4i&er0u f*c*ric ri0c/ 0/ 5e47i4/ !4u5ite cre!7ii r*5;4eşti 34tr=u4 +r*&i4ci!i05 cutur!1/u4/t*r i !ce!0t! 4u +e4tru c/ f*c*ru !r fi, 34 e 340uşi, u4 5*1 i4feri*r 1e cre!7ie, ci +e4tru 0i5+u 5*ti&c/, 1!t*rit/ +r*+riei i0t*rii, Eur*+! ! 1e+/şit 1e 5ut 5*1u 1e cre!7ie f*c*ric şi ! i5+u0 4u 4u5!i 0ieşi, ci şiu5ii 34tre)i 5*1u 1e cre!7ie cut, !1ic/, 34 +ri5u r341, e-presia scris$, i!r 4u oral$+ 34 e+*c! i5e1i!t +rece1e4t/ e+*cii 4*!0tre şi +e c!re !5 +ute!=* 4u5i +*iti&i0t=5!teri!i0t/ 0*i1!rit!te!Y cu u4i&er0uf*c*ric c*40tituie c'i!r +e4tru * cutur/ eur*+e!4/, 5*1er4/, * !1e&/r!t/ c!t!0tr*f/ D!c//FBr*5!4ti05u ! +r*&*c!t +retuti41e4i )u0tu +e4tru iter!turie +*+u!re şi )e4iie 4!7i*4!e, +*iti&i05u,1i5+*tri&/, ! iutit 0/ i5+u4/ cre1i47! c/ t*!te !ce0te cre!7ii +*+u!re !+!r7i4 !r'e**)iei 0+iritu!e, c/ ee f!c +!rte 1i4 trecutu, +e4tru t*t1e!u4! !*it, ! u5!4it/7ii eur*+e4e şi c/, +ri4 ur5!re, ee 4u 5!i +*t 0er&i 34 4iciu4 fe cre!7ii*r cute C3t ti5+ ! 1*54it 34 u5e !ce0t +u4ct 1e &e1ere +*iti&i0t şi e&*u7i*4i0t, +*0iiit/7ie0+iritu!e c*4ce4tr!te 34 tr!1i7iie f*c*rice 4u !&e!u, !5 +ute! 0+u4e, 4ici * ş!40/ 1e &!*rific!re itu!7i! 0=!0c'i5!t, 340/, 34 uti5ii <$ 1e !4i Pe 1e * +!rte, Eur*+! ! cu4*0cut, şi cu4*!şte 34c/, * !ute4tic/ re4!ştere



rei)i*!0/, 34 +ri5u r341 * re!ctu!i!re &i)ur*!0/ ! c!t*ici05uui şi 1*)5ee +*iti&i0te 0u4t !0t/i 1e0ueteGi!r +e 1e !t/ +!rte, A0i! ! rei4tr!t 1e cur341 34 I0t*rie, şi !te 4e4u5/r!te +*+*!re, cutur!=iceşte !r'!ice, 0u4t şiee +e c!e 1e ! i4ter&e4i 34 I0t*rie A0t! 340/ 340e!54/ c/ u4 1i!*) de la egal la egal &! 34ce+e 34 cur341 34trecutur! eur*+e!4/ şi cee!te cuturi eH*tice şi !r'!ice Or, u4I ucru 0e ştieF *ric3t 1e 5ut 0=!r 1e*0ei 34tre ee, t*!te cuturie eHtr!=eur*+e4e c*4ti4u/ 0/ &!*rifice şi 0/ 0ei40+ire 1e mituri şi

f**0e0c c! i40tru5e4t 1e cu4*!ştere, +ri4 eHcee47/, logica simbolului+ D!c/ 1i!*)u c!re &! 34ce+e 34trecutur! eur*+e!4/ şi cee!te cuturi e 5e4it 0/ fie fecu41, treuie 0/ 0e 7i4/ 0e!5/ 1eI u4i&er0urie 0+iritu!e !e 4*4=eur*+e4i*r i 4u e 1e*c i+0it 1eI 0e54ific!7ie f!+tu c/, 34 uti5u ti5+, )341ire! eur*+e!4/ ! f/cut eHtr!*r1i4!re ef*rturi c! 0/ 347ee!)/0i5*i05u şi 0/ re&!*riee 5iturie şi !r'eti+urie E0te c! şi cu5 0+iritu eur*+e!4 !r fiX +re0i57it, 1e &re* 6$ 1e !4i 34c*!ce, c/ 5er0u i0t*riei 3 &! *i)! cur341 ! u4 1i!*) ier şi +e picior de egalitate cu cee!te 0+iritu!it/7i 4*4=eur*+e4eDeci, c! 0/ re&e4i5 ! c!u cuturii r*5;4eşti, 0*i1!rit!te! 0! cu *ri*4tu 0+iritu!it/7ii f*c*rice 4u 5!i +*!tefi c*40i1er!t/ !0t/i c! u4 i5+e1i5e4t, c! * 35+u7i4!re ! +*0iiit/7i*r 1e c*!*r!re cu !1e&/r!t! cutur/eur*+e!4/ 5!*r/ Di5+*tri&/, !ce!0t/ 0i5+!tie cu 5*1urie 1e 0e40iiit!te şi )341ire !r'!ice * f!ce !+t/, 5!i5ut 1ec3t cuturie *cci1e4t!e, 0/ 347ee!)/ 0itu!7iie 0+iritu!e !e u5ii 4*4=eur*+e4e şi 0/ 0u07i4/ 1i!*)u cu!ce!0t/ u5e D!r t*!te !ce0te +*0iiit/7i !+!r7i4 &iit*ruui !+r*+i!t / &e1e5 1e*c!51!t/ ce 340e!54/ +r*+riu=i0 0*i1!rit!te! cu u4i&er0u f*c*ric, şi 0/ 4e 34tre/5 34 ce 5/0ur/ !ce!0t/ 0*i1!rit!te +*!te +r*5*&! 0!u,

1i5+*tri&/, i5it! +*0iiit/7ie 1e cre!7ie !e u4ui +*+*r///+u4e!5 !1i4e!*ri c/ I0t*ri! ! 0iit 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0/=şi !134ce!0c/ +r*+riie 0!e tr!1i7ii !ti4e şi +r*=!ti4e 35+ie=1ic341u=" t*t*1!t/ 0/ +!rtici+e ! 5işc!re! cutur!/ i4!u)ur!t/ 1e Re4!ştere şi Iu5i4i05 C*40tituit 34i5e40! ui 5!*rit!te 1i4 +u)!ri şi +/0t*ri, 4e!5u r*5;4e0c şi=! c*4ce4tr!t f*r7ee ui 1e cre!7ie !+r*!+eeHcu0i& 34 u4i&er0u 0+iritu!it/7ii +*+u!re Ter*ri!t 1e e&e4i5e4tee i0t*rice, )e4iu 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c 0=!0*i1!ri!t cu !cee re!it/7i &ii +e c!re i0t*ri! 4u e +ute! !ti4)eF C*05*0u şi rit5urie c*05ice D!r 0tr/5*şiir*5;4i*r er!u 1e! creşti4i, 34 ti5+ ce 4e!5u r*5;4e0c 0e +/05ui! 34tre c!t!0tr*fe i0t*rice Aş! c/ 0i5+!ti!f!7/ 1e C*05*0, !t3t 1e 0+ecific/ )e4iuui r*5;4e0c, 4u 0e +rei4t/ c! u4 0e4ti5e4t +/)34e0c ci c! * f*r5/ !0+irituui itur)ic creşti4 Mut/ &re5e 0=! creut c/ 0e4ti5e4tu N!turii şi 0*i1!rit!te! cu rit5urie c*05icetr/1e!/ * 0+iritu!it!te 4ecreşti4/ Preu1ec!t! !ce!0t! 0e 1!t*r! u4ei i40uficie4te cu4*!şteri ! creşti4i05uui şi341e*0ei ! creşti4i05uui r/0/rite!4, c!re ! +/0tr!t 34 34tre)i5e 0+iritu itur)ic ! +ri5e*r &e!curi 34 re!it!te,creşti4i05u !r'!ic 4=! 1e&!*ri!t N!tur! !ş! cu5 0=! 34t35+!t cu !4u5ite !0+ecte !e creşti4i05uui

5e1ie&!, !0cetic şi 5*r!i!4t, +e4tru c!re 4!tur! re+ree4t! !1e0e! 1e5*4i! +ri4 eHcee47/ Pe4trucreşti4i05u !r'!ic, !ş! cu5 ! f*0t 347ee0 e 341e*0ei 1e c/tre fi47ii P/ri47i *rie4t!i, C*05*0u 4=! 34cet!t *0i4)ur/ ci+/ 1e ! fi cre!7i! ui Du54eeu, i!r rit5urie c*05ice !u f*0t t*t ti5+u c*4ce+ute c! * itur)'iec*05ic/ *i1!ri!7i 0+iritu!iceşte cu N!tur!, r*5;4ii 4=!u f/cut u4 !ct 1e re)re0iu4e c/tre *ri*4tu +/)34e0cci, 1i5+*tri&/, !u +reu4)it +34/ 34 iee 4*!0tre !ce! 5!)4ific/ 34cerc!re 1e încreştinare ! !osmosului,34ce+ut/ 1e fi47ii P/ri47i, 1!r 34treru+t/, 1i4 1iferite 5*ti&e, 34 cur0u E&uui Me1iu, 34 Occi1e4t Lucrurie!ce0te! 0u4t !0t/i t*t 5!i c!r 347ee0e, 1!t*rit/ 34 +ri5u r341 re4!şterii 0+irituui itur)ic şi i4tere0uui cre0c341f!7/ 1e 0+iritu!it!te! +!tri0tic/ e 347ee)e !0t/i cee! ce !4e&*ie 0=!r fi +utut 347ee)e 34 5i*cu 0ec*uuitrecutF şi !4u5e, c/ +e4tru creşti4i05u !r'!ic C*05*0u +!rtici+/ ! 1r!5! 1i&i4/, c/, 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu50ufetu *5uui e 340et!t 1e 534tuire, t*t !ş! N!tur! 34tre!)/ )e5e şi 0u0+i4/ !şte+f341 34&iere! 34tr=!1e&/r, e1e0tu 0/ 0e cite!0c/ i54*=)r!fi! Bi0ericii r/0/rite4e 0!u 0/ 0e *0er&e cere5*4i!u +!0c!, +e4tru ! 347ee)e c3t1e 0*i1!r/ e0te N!tur! cu 5i0teru c'ri0t**)ic, cu r/0ti)4ire!, 5*!rte! şi 34&iere! M34tuit*ruui N!tur! 34tre!)/e cer4it/ 34 0/+t/534; P!ti5i*r, 1!r re4!şte triu5f/t*!re +ri4 34&iere! ui Ii0u0

/FSOr, !ce!0t/ itur)'ie c*05ic/ * re)/0i5 34 f*c*ru r*5;4e0c A0t! 340e!54/ c/, retr/)341u=0e 34 ei 34şişi,c*4ce4tr341u=0e !0u+r! +r*+rii*r *r tr!1i7ii, !+/r341u=0e 35+*tri&! u5ii 1i4 !f!r/ c!re er/, 0/ 4u uit/5, *u5e *0ti/, ce! ! !r!ri*r eur!0i!tici, &e4i7i 0/ +r!1e şi 0/ 1i0tru)/ r*5;4ii !u +/0tr!t, !u !134cit şi !u &!*=rific!t * &iiu4e creşti4/ ! N!turii, !ş! cu5 fu0e0e e! eH+ri5!t/ 34 X +ri5ee 0ec*e !e creşti4i05uui Pri4ur5!re, c*40er&!t*ri05u şi I !r'!i05u f*c*ruui r*5;4e0c ! 0!&!t u4 +!tri5*4iu c!re I !+!r7i4e!creşti4i05uui 34 )e4ere, 1!r +e c!re +r*ce0ee i0t*rice I =!u !4i'i!t Lucru !ce0t! 4u e f/r/ i5+*rt!47/, !0t/i,c341 0e I 34ce!rc/ re&!*ri!re! tutur*r f*r5e*r !r'!ice !e creşti4i05uui I +e4tru ! +ute! f!ce f!7/ +r*e5e*rri1ic!te 1e rei4tr!re! A0iei 34i0t*riePe4tru ! 347ee)e 5!i i4e 34 ce 5/0ur/ 0+iritu!it!te! +*+u!r/ r*5;4e!0c/, 1eşi +r*fu41 creşti4/, e0te 0*i1!r/cu itur)'i! I c*05ic/, 0/ !5i4ti5 4u5!i u4 0i4)ur eHe5+uF !ce ! c*4ce+7iei i M*r7ii +u4e!5 5!i 0u0 c/cee 1*u/ c!+*1*+ere !e +*eiei W +*+u!re 0u4t Miori&a şi Jalada Meşterului Manole+ A5341*u/ +rei4t/5*!rte! ritu!/ c! * &!*!re 0u+re5/, c! ce! 5!i 4*i/ 35+i4ire +e c!re * +*!te 4/1/1ui eHi0te47! *5e4e!0c/

Jalada Meşterului Manole 0e ce4tre!/ 34 uru 5i0teruui ertfeiF c! 0/ 0e +*!t/ ri1ic! şi 1ur!, * c*40truc7ie



34 c!u 4*0tru M34/0tire! Ar)eşuui !re 4e&*ie 1e ertfire! u4ei &ie7i *5e4eşti Meşteru M!4*e 3şi 0!crific/0*7i!, i1i41=* ! te5ei! 534/0tirii Cu !te cu&i4te, c/1ire! 1*341eşte &i!7/, e 340ufe7it/, +ri43r=u4 5i0terc!re f!ce +*0ii/ tr!40!7i! &ie7ii 0*7iei Meşteruui M!4*e 34tr=u4 4*u c*r+, şi !4u5e 34 corpul ar"itectonic !M34/0tirii Du+/ cu5 0e ştie, ritu!u ertfei 1e c*40truc7ie e 0tr/&ec'i şi 0e 34t34eşte 34 5ute +/r7i !e u5ii 340/!ce0t ritu! 4=! i40+ir!t cre!7iie +*etice +*+u!re 1ec3t 34 Pe4i40u! B!c!4ic/F !!1e !0e5/4/t*!re 0e 34t34e0c! )reci (Le)e41! P*1uui 1e +e0te A4t!., ! 03ri şi ! u)!ri D!r cee! ce treuie 0ui4i!t, e0te f!+tu c/ forma

literar$ cea mai reuşit$, !t3t 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere 0+iritu! c3t şi !rti0tic, * +rei4t/ !!1! r*5;4e!0c/ !Meşteruui M!4*e E0te, 1eci, 0e54ific!ti& c/ )e4iu +*+u!r r*5;4e0c şi=! 1!t eH+re0i! ui 5!Hi5/ t*c5!i 34!ce0t 5it ! ertfei cre!t*!re Cu !t3t 5!i 0e54ific!ti&, cu c3t ce!!t/ c!+*1*+er/, Miori&a, re&ee!/ şi e! t*t u45it ! 5*r7iiF ci*!4u, 1eşi +re&e4it 1e 5i*!r! ui f!&*rit/ c/ cei!7i t*&!r/şi &*r 0/=" uci1/, !cce+t/ 5*!rte! c!* ertf/ &*u4t!r/ 1e 0i4e, 1341u=i t*t*1!t/ 0e40u u4ei 5i47i c*05ice,/FO!1ic/ 3i !c*r1/ &!*!re! 0u+re5/ 1e rec*4ciiere cu 1e0ti4u şi cu rei4te)r!re! 34tr=* N!tur/ c!re 4u 5!i e N!tur!+/)34/, ci u4 C*05*0 0!4ctific!t itur)icDe0cifr/5 1eci, 34 !ce0te 5ituri r*5;4eşti !e 5*r7ii, * &iiu4e !r'!ic/ şi t*t*1!t/ creşti4/F 5*!rte! e ertf!0u+re5/, e u4 5i0ter +ri4 c!re *5u 0e 1e0/&;rşeşte, 1*341i41 u4 5*1 0u+eri*r 1e ! fi 34 u5e Pe4tru c/ +e4trur*5;4i, c! şi +e4tru !t3te! !te cuturi, 5*!rte! 4u e * eHti4c7ie, 5ei 5/c!r * 35+u7i4!re ! eHi0te47ei ci un noumod de a fi, o 4*u/ eHi0te47/, +e u4 !t 4i&e, 5!i !+r*!+e 1e Du54eeu C*4ce+7i! !ce!0t! e0te 34c/ &ie !r*5;4i Du+/ 034)er*!0ee u+te 1e ! M/r/şeşti, 34 "#"%, 34 c!re !u f*0t 1eci5!te, +ri4tre !tee, * 1i&iie 1i4

Ote4i!, 0!tee 1i4!+*i! fr*4tuui !u *r)!4i!t 0+*4t!4 +r*ce0iu4i cu +re*7i 34 *1/1ii, 34)e4u4c'i41 +e 5!r)i4ieş*0ee*r c!re 1uce!u 0+re Ote4i! O!5e4ii !ceşti! şti!u c/ 0*1!7ii c/u7i ! M/r/şeşti, f/r/ u5i4!re,4e0+*&e1i7i şi 4e35+/rt/=şi7i, 0e 34t*rc 0+re 0!tee *r *te4eşti 34!i4te 1e ! 0e 341re+t! 0+re /c!şu 1e &eci De!cee! 3i 34t35+i4!u 34)e4u4c'i!7i, cu u5i4/ri !+ri40e şi cu +re*7ii c!re 0+u4e!u ru)/ciu4i +e4tru *1i'4! 5ii*r1e 5*r7i 4e&/u7i A5 !uit c/ +r*ce0iu4i 0i5i!re 0=!u f/cut şi 34 M*1*&! 34 i!r4! "#<2=<6, 1u+/ ce 0=! !f!t 1e5/ceu 1e ! t!i4=)r!1 T*!te !ce0te! 340e!54/ c/ 5iturie 5*r7ii c*40i1er!t/ c! 5i0teru ertfei 1e 0i4e 0u4t 34c/ &ii 34 0ufetu 34tre)uui +*+*r r*5;4e0c Lucru 4u e f/r/ i5+*rt!47/ e ştie c/ &!*rific!re! 5*r7iic*40tituie u4! 1i4 cee 5!i fecu41e &ict*rii !e creşti4i05uui e ştie, 1e !0e5e4e!, c/ * cutur/ !re cu !t3t 5!i5ute ş!40e 1e ! 1e&e4i u4i&er0!/ cu c3t 3şi +u4e 5!i cur!*0 +r*e5! M*r7iiO0er&/5 !0tfe c/ &!*rie creşti4i05uui !r'!ic 34 *ri*4tu c/rui! rit5urie N!turii 0u4t tr!40fi)ur!te 34tr=*itur)'ie c*05ic/, i!r 5*!rte! e c*4ce+ut/ c! u4 5i0ter 0!cr!5e4t! &!*rie !ce0te! 4u 4u5!i c/ !u r*1it,cutur!iceşte, 34 cre!7iie f*c*rice, 1!r 0u4t 34c/ &ii 34 eH+erie47! 1e t*!te iee ! +*+*ruui r*5;4e0c Or, 1!c/4e !5i4ti5 c/ +/0tr!re! şi !134cire! &!*ri*r creşti4i05uui !r'!ic ! f*0t +*0ii/ 1!t*rit/ &itre)iei I0t*riei, c!re !

0iit +*+*ru r*5;4 0/ 0e c*4ce4tree !0u+r! +r*+rii*r ui tr!1i7ii rei)i*!0e c! 0/ +*!t/ 0u+r!&ie7ui, !&e5 1re+tu0/ 4e 34tre/5 1!c/ 4u cu5&! 5ie4!r! ter*!re ! !ce0tei I0t*rii 4=! !&ut t*tuşi şi u4 reut!t +*iti& A4u5e, +re)/tire! +*+*ruui r*5;4e0c +e4tru 5!re! 34cerc!re +ri4 c!re trece !0t/i, 0u *cu+!7i! şi *+re0iu4e! 0*&ietic/ Ne +ute5 34tre! c!re !r fi f*0t !0t/i ş!40ee 1e rei0te47/ !e !ce0tei i40ue 1e !ti4it!te +e c!re * re+rei4t/ +*+*ru/F;r*5;4e0c, 1!c/ +r*+ri! ui i0t*rie 4u i=!r fi c*40tituit * 0+iritu!it!te +r*fu41 creşti4/, !&341 34 ce4tru ei 5i0teruM*r7ii 0!&!t*!re şi ! ertfei 1e 0i4e =!r +ute! c! cee! ce ! c*40tituit +34/ !cu5 4e4*r*cu rom=nilor în istorie0/ !c/tui!0c/ t*c5!i 5!re! ui ş!40/ 1e ! 0u+r!&ie7ui 34 Istoria de mîine+Du+/ cu5 !5 5!i 0+u0, ter*!re! i0t*ric/ ! 35+ie1ic!t +3'/ !cu5 cre!7iie 5!0i&e !e )e4iuui r*5;4e0c +e u4 +!4 5*41i! Treuie 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 5ereu c/ R*5;4i! 5*1er4/ şi i41e+e41e4t/ 4u !re 34c/ * 0ut/ 1e !4i 1eeHi0te47/, i!r 34tre)ire! 7/rii ! !&ut *c 1e !i! !cu5 6> 1e !4i K/c341 i4e 0*c*teie, &e1e5 c/ R*5;4i!34tre)it/ 0=! ucur!t 4u5!i 1e 2$ 1e !rii 1e iert!te i t*tuşi, c3t 1e 5ut 0=! cre!t 34 !ce0t r/0ti5+ D!c/ !r fi

!&ut 34c/ 2$=6$ 1e !4i 1e re!ti&/ i4işte, e0te +r*!i c/ R*5;4i! 0=!r fi re5!rc!t +riritr=u4 !+*rt i5+*rt!4t 34feuritee 1*5e4ii !e cuturii eur*+e4e D!r I0t*ri! r*5;4i*r 4u cu4*!şte +eri*!1e u4)i 1e i4işteF 1e !cee!,0+iritu cre!t*r 4u 0e +*!te 5!4ife0t! 1ec3t 34 i4ter5ite47e +e +!4u cuturii 0cri0e, 0!&!4te 34c*4ti4uu şii4e+ui!i/ 0e 5!4ife0t/ 1*!r cre!7i! 0+iritu!it/7ii +*+u!re, şi 1e !cee! !5 0t/ruit !t3t! !0u+r! eiF e! 0i4)ur/ 4ere&ee!/ c*40t!4tee )e4iuui r*5;4e0cA0t! 4u 340e!54/, 340/, c/, 34 r!ree şi 0curtee +eri*!1e 1e i4işte, )e4iu r*5;4e0c 4=! cre!t şi +e 4i&eu cuturii0!&!4te Ce&! 5!i 5iitF 1e ! 34ce+ut !ce0te cre!7ii !u !&ut u4 c!r!cter 0+ecific şi * 0tructur/ 5!*r/ Ee 4ui5it!u &!*ri 0trei4e, ci re&e!u u4 u4i&er0 0+iritu! 4ecu4*0cut, 0!u i5+erfect cu4*0cut, Occi1e4tuui E,1e0tu0/ !5i4ti5 +e +/t!ru Mie0cu, 34 0ec*u ! gVII=e!, şi +e Di5i=trie C!4te5ir, 34 ! gVIII=e!, +e E5i4e0cu şi +e @!01eu 34 0ec*u ! gg=e!, c! 0/ 347ee)e5 +e ce +!4 0=!u 0itu!t cre!7iie 0!&!4te r*5;4eştiF ee re&e!u!ce *ri*4t 0+iritu! !0t/i !+r*!+e uit!t 34 Occi1e4t 1eşi f!ce +!rte i4te)r!4t/ 1i4 Eur*+! şi ! 1!t f*!rte5ute Eur*+ei !ce *ri*4t 0+iritu! 34 c!re 0=!u 5işc!t Orfeu şi Z!5*Hi0, şi c!re 5!i t3riu ! 4utrit0+iritu!it!te! r*5!4*=i!4ti4/ De ! Di5itrie C!4te5ir, E5i4e0cu şi @!01eu, tfec341 +ri4 I*r)! şi V!0ieP;r&!4, +34/ 34 iee 4*!0tre, ! N!e I*4e0cu şi Luci!4 B!)!, * 0e!5/ 1e +*e7i, c/rtur!ri şi fi**fi r*5;4i !u&!*rific!t tr!1i7iie 4/0cute 1i4 0i4teee 0+iritu!e tr!c*=r*5!4e, 0i4tee c!re 0=!u !c/tuit 1e=! u4)u &e!curi*r



1i434t34ire! !t3t 1e fecu41! 34tre R*5!, Tr!ci! şi creşti4i05u !r'!ic 34 !ce!0t/ +!rte ! Eur*+ei, c*40i1er!t/!+r*!+e +ier1ut/ 1u+/ i40t!!re! 1*5i4!7iei *t*5!4e, 0=!u +/0tr!t c*5*ri 1e 0+iritu!it!te c!re !u f/cut c341&! +!rte 1i4 340uşi centrul culturii europene5 c/ci Tr!ci! 1i*4i0i!c/ şi reci!/F<*rfic/, R*5! i5+eri!/ şi creşti4/ 34 !ce!0t/ +!rte ! Eur*+ei 0=!u 34f34it şi şi=!u +/05uit cee 5!i 1e 0e!5/&!*ri

Nu treuie 0/ uit/5 * ci+/ c/ !c** u41e 0=! 34ti40 reci!, R*5! şi creşti4i05u !r'!ic, 0=! c*4tur!t !1e&/r!t!Eur*+/, 4u ce! )e*)r!fic/, ci Eur*+! 0+iritu!/ i t*!te, &!*rie cre!te 34/u4tru !ce0tei *4e +ri&ie)i!te f!c +!rte 1i4 patrimoniul comun al culturii europene+ Nu 4e +ute5 i5!)i4! * cutur/ eur*+e!4/ re1u0/ 4u5!i !f*r5ee ei *cci1e4t!e Cutur!iceşte, c! şi 0+iritu!iceşte, Eur*+! 0e 34tre)eşte cu t*t ce ! cre!t şi ! +/0tr!t0+!7iu c!r+!tic=!c!4ic Ce&! 5!i 5utF !&e5 5*ti&e 0/ cre1e5 c/ 0+!7iu 34 c!re 0=!u 34truc'i+!t Z!5*Hi0,Orfeu şi 5i0teree Miori&ei şi !e Meşterului Manole, 4u şi=! 0ec/tuit i&*!ree 1e cre!7ieF !c** u41e 5*!rte! e34c/ &!*rific!t/ c! * 4u4t/, i&*!ree 0+iritu!e 0u4t i4t!cte Eur*+! e0te *cu +re1e0ti4!t ! cre!7iei 5uti+e,&!ri!te, c*5+e5e4t!reF 0+iritu!iceşte şi cutur!iceşte, Eur*+! 4u e0te şi nici nu poate ti u4 *c5*4*itic E! !re, 1eci, 4e&*ie 1e 1i5e40iu4e! *rfic/ şi !5*Hi!4/ +e4tru ! 0e +ute! 34tre)i şi ! +ute! +/05ui4*i 0i4teeAu4şi ! c!+/tu eH+u4erii 4*!0tre, 5!i r/534e 0/ 4e 5!i +u4e5 * 0i4)ur/ 34tre!re E! 1e+/şeşte +r*e5eecuturii r*5;4eşti, i4tere0341 1e0ti4u i0t*ric ! r*5;4i*r 34tre!re! e0te !ce!0t!F +ri4tr=u4 5ir!c*, 0/5347!R*5ei 4u 0=! +ier1ut 1u+/ +/r/0ire! D!ciei ,1e c/tre Aurei!4 1eşi !ce!0t/ +/r/0ire ! 340e54!t * !1e&/r!t/

c!t!0tr*f/ +e4tru *cuit*rii *)!tei +r*&i4cii D!r Eur*+! 3şi 5!i +*!te 34)/1ui !ce!0t/ a doua p$r$sire a acieiîn )ilele noastre ^ K/c341 +!rte, tru+eşte şi 0+iritu!iceşte, 1i4 Eur*+!, 5!i +ute5 fi 0!crific!7i f/r/ c! 0!crificiu!ce0t! 0/ 4u +ri5e1ui!0c/ 340/şi eHi0te47! şi i4te)rit!te! 0+iritu!/ ! Eur*+ei^ De r/0+u40u c!re &! fi 1!t1e I0t*rie !ce0tei 34tre/ri 4u 1e+i41e 4u5!i 0u+r!&ie7uire! 4*!0tr/, c! 4e!5, ci şi 0u+r!&ie7uire! Occi1e4tuui0estin, "#>6.

P#*RE @ JIJLI@>R'I ' PRIJ>II Bii*tec! R*5;4/ 1i4 Kreiur) ! !1u0 +34/ !cu5 4e+re7uite 0er&icii cuturii r*5;4eşti D!c/ 4=!r fi ti+/rit1ec3t Poe)iile ui E5i4e0cu, oinele ui pec0!41ri, cue)erie 1e +*eii +*+*r!4e şi/FC !05e r*5;4eşti şi !4t**)i! !r*5;4e!0c/, şi 5eritu 1ui V Mi'/ie0cu, i4i7i!t*ru şi !4i5!t*ru Bii*teciiR*5;4e !r fi f*0t c*40i1er!i D!t*rit/ !ce0tei i4i7i!ti&e, r*5;4ii 1i4 eHi !u re)/0it 5/c!r * +!rte 1i4 teHteee0e47i!e !e i5ii şi +*eiei r*5;4eştiD!r 5eritu Bii*tecii R*5;4e e0te 34c/ şi 5!i 5!re Nu 4u5!i c/ ! !1u4!t ce! 5!i *)!t/ c*ec7ie 1e c/r7i şi

re&i0te r*5;4eşti, 1!r 34 ueti4ee +e c!re e e1ite!/ +eri*1ic ! 34re)i0tr!t u4 f*!rte 5!re 4u5/r 1e teHte +uic!te 1e !ut*ri r*5;4i 34 t*!te i5ie 7/ri*r u41e 0=!u refu)i!t Bii*)r!fi! !ce!0t! ! +rie)iei, +e c!re !34ce+ut=* Bii*tec! R*5;4/, 5i 0e +!re 1e * i5+*rt!47/ c!+it!/ i, +e4tru c/ ştiu cu c3te )reut/7i u+t/ 1irec=t*ru ,6ii*tecii c! 0=* 1uc/ ! u4 0f3rşit, 0/ 5i 0e 34)/1uie 0/ 0t/rui 34 +!)i4ie 1e f!7/ !0u+r! 4ece0it/7ii eie +*t 0+u4e f*!rte 5ute ucruri, u4e 0!u ree (0e 0+u4 5!i 1e)r!/ cee ree. !0u+r! !cti&it/7ii e5i)r!7ieir*5;4eşti EHi0t/, t*tuşi, * !tur/ ! !ce0tei !cti&it/7i 1e c!re 4u treuie 0/ 4e fie ruşi4eF e0te activitatea cultural$a rom=nilor din e-il+ C341 u1ec/5 !ce!0t/ !cti&it!te, 4u treuie 0/ uit/5 u4 ucruF c/, +e0te fr*4tiere, 34iert!te, 0e )/0e0c u4 4u5/r f*!rte i5it!t 1e 0criit*ri şi c/rtur!ri r*5;4i Z1r*it*!re! 5!*rit!te ! cre!t*ri*r,critici*r şi c/rtur!ri*r r*5;4i ! r/5!0 34 7!r/ Or, +ute5 c*40t!t! 5/c!r !ce0t ucru 35ucur/t*rF c/ !cei, f*!rte +u7i4 4u5er*şi, r*5;4i 1i4 eHi c!re !&e!u &*c!7i! cuturii 4=!u 0t!t cu 53i4ie 34 034 D!t*rit/ *r, R*5;4i!eHi0t/ !0t/i, 34 f*!rte 5ute 7/ri, 4u 4u5!i +ri4 tr!)e1i! f/r/ +erec'e c!re 4e 034)ere!/ +!tri! ci eHi0t/ şi c! +ree47/ 0+iritu!/ E0te +r*!i c/, ce +u7i4 34 !4u5ite *4e cutur!e (34 Kr!47!, u4/*!r/, 0!u 34 A5eric!!ti4/., +ree47! 0+iritu!/ r*5;4e!0c/ trece 34!i4te! tutur*r ce*r!te 7/ri 1e 1i4c** 1e C*rti4! 1e fier

D!t fii41 c/, 34 eHi, 4e !f/5 1*!r * 534/ 1e *!5e4i, şi 4u 1i4tre cei 5!i 1e 0e!5/ (0/ 4e !5i4ti5 1e 4u5/ru5!0i& ! i4teectu!i*r +**4ei, uii)uri, ce'i şi 1e 0tr/ucire! *r., fe4*5e4u !ce0t! 4u e0te 4u5!i 35ucur/t*r,1!r şi f*!rte 0e54ific!ti& E 4e u0tific/ 34cre1ere! 34 calitatea, generalit$&ii rom=nilor1 adic$ ne îndrept$&eşte

s$ credem în posibilit$&ile unei culturi ma9ore rom=neşti, care s$ se impun$, într.un viitor destul de apropiat, pe plan interna&ional+ D!c/ 4*i, * 534/ 1e *!5e4i 1i4 eHi, f/r/ 4ici u4u 1i4 uceferii 1i4 7!r/, !5 reuşit 0/ !tr!)e5!te47i! u5ii !0u+r! +*0iiit/7i*r 0+iritu!e r*5;4eşti cu5 &*r 0t! ucru=/FF rie c341 t*!te e4er)iie cre!t*!re, !0t/i 34te54i7!te 34 7!r! *cu+!t/, &*r +ute! fi cu4*0cute +e0te )r!4i7e^tiu c/ 5u7i 1i4tre r*5;4i 4u &*r 35+/rt/şi optimismul 5eu cu +ri&i47/ ! +*0iiit/7ie cutur!e !e 4e!5uuiD!r 0ce+tici05u !ce0t! 0e 34te5ei!/ +e * cu4*!ştere i5+erfect/ ! !cti&it/7ii cutur!e 1i4 eHi De !cee!0+u4e!5 c/ Bii*)r!fi! +rie)iei !re * i5+*rt!47/ !t3t 1e 5!re şi 35+i4eşte !+r*!+e * fu4c7ie +*itic/ (+e4truc/ *rice +*itic/ 0e 34te5ei!/ +e realit$&i, şi cre!ti&it!te! u4ui 4e!5 e0te 0i4)ur! re!it!te c!re 4u +*!te fii5+r*&i!t/ şi 4ici 5/0uit/. D!c/ t*7i !ut*rii şi=!r c*5u4ic! !4u! ,6ii*tecii R*5;4e ii*)r!fiiere0+ecti&e, fişieru +rie)iei !r 0+*ri 34tr=* 5/0ur/ +e c!re 4ici 4u 4e=* +ute5 34c'i+ui Nu5/ru !rtic*e*r,0tu1ii*r şi c/r7i*r 0e54!te 1e !ut*ri r*5;4i 34trece cu 5ut i0tee +uic!te +eri*1ic 34 ueti4ee Creştere!



C*ec7ii*r Bii*tecii R*5;4e De !tfe, 4ici 4u treuie 0/ 4e f!ce5 iui! c/ Bii*)r!fi! Prie)iei !r +ute!fi &re*1!t/ c*5+et/ K*!rte 5u7i !ut*ri r*5;4i, 34 0+eci! cei 1i4 A5eric! !ti4/ şi t!tee :4ite, 4u 0=!u34)riit +34/ !cu5 0/=şi c*5u4ice titurie ucr/ri*r :4ii 1i4 ei, 34 +ri5u r341 !ut*rii 1e ucr/ri ştii47ifice, +*!te4ici 4=!u !uit 1e eHi0te47! u4ui fişier ! +rie)iei 34 0f3rşit, 0u4t 5u7i )!et!ri c!re !u +uic!t teHte 1e0+reR*5;4i! 34 i!ree 0tr/i4e şi +e c!re 4u e=!u c*5u4ic!t Bii*tecii 1i4tr=u4 eHce0 1e 5*1e0tieOric!re !r fi 5*ti&ee +e4tru c!re !ut*rii r*5;4i 4=!u r/0+u40 !+euui ,6ii*tecii 1e ! Kreiur), !0e47! *r 4e

+/)ueşte +e t*7i =!r +ute! c! 5ute 1i4 c*4triu7iie r*5;4eşti, ri0i+ite +ri4 )!etee ce*r ci4ci c*4ti4e4te(c/ci 0=!u +uic!t teHte r*5;4eşti şi 34 Au0tr!i!, şi 34 A0i! Mic/, şi 34 +re0! !fric!4/. 0!u 34)r*+!te 34 re&i0te1e 0+eci!it!te, 0=!r +ute! c! t*!te c*4triu7iie !ce0te! 0/ 0e +i!r1/, +ier341u=i=0e ur5! Ci4e cu4*!şte)reut/7ie cu c!re 0e !c/tuieşte * ii*)r!fie c341 i41ic!7iie 0u4t !+r*Hi5!ti&e 3şi 1 0e!5! 1e i5+*0iiit!te!34 c!re 0e &*r )/0i ii*)r!fii &iit*ruui 1e ! rec*40titui Bii*)r!fi! Prie)iei R*5;4eşti Nu 0e &*r +ute!r/0f*i c*ec7iie ce*r c3te&! 0ute 1e 5ii 1e i!re şi +uic!7ii +eri*1ice 1i4 u5e! 34tre!)/, c! 0/ 0e i1e4tifice c*4=triu7iie r*5;4eşti Nu5!i !ut*rii 34şişi !r +ute! 0/ i41ice şi !0t!, 1e +e !cu5 i0t! c*5+et/ ! ucr/ri*r*rAş &re! 0/ fiu c3t 0e +*!te 1e i5+e1e Bii*)r!fi! Prie)iei 4u !r !&e! 4u5!i * &!*!re eHce+7i*4!/ +e4tru1*cu5e4t!re! şi i0t*ri*)r!fi! 1e 5!i tîr)iu, cînd &ara va redeveni liber$+ E&i1e47! masivit$&ii şi ! variet$&ii +r*1uc7iei r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi c*40tituie 1e/F +e !cu5 u4 0+rii4 5*r! şi * 34cur!!re +*itic/ +e4tru fiec!re 1i4 4*i O cutur/ 4u e f/cut/ 1e ci4ci 0!u ece

*!5e4i, ci 1e 0ute şi 5ii 1e 0criit*ri, c/rtur!ri, *!5e4i 1e ştii47/, )341it*ri, critici, !rtişti, )!et!ri Nu5!i 1!c/ generalitatea !ut*ri*r 0e i5+u4e +e +!4 i4ter4!7i*4!, cutur! 4e!5uui re0+ecti& e &!*rific!t/ 1re+t o cultur$ specific$ şi creatoare+ Re4!ştere! it!i!4/ 0tr/uceşte şi !0t/i 4u 1!t*rit/ cut/rui 0!u cut/rui geniu individual, ci1!t*rit/ ansamblului 1e +er0*4!it/7i c!re !u cre!t şi 0=!u c*5+et!t u4! +e !t! 34 1ecur0 1e c3te&! )e4er!7ii*ere4 hiere)!!r1 0e ucur/ 1e &re* 1*u/eci 1e !4i 1e * &*)/ u4i&er0!/G e tr!1u0 34 t*!te i5ie şi e1i0cut!t 34 t*!te u4i&er0it/7ie 1i4 u5e i cu t*!te !ce0te!, D!4e5!rc! 4u 0=! i5+u0, +e +!4 5*41i!, c! *cultur$ specific$ şi creatoare+ Pe4tru c/, 34 !f!r/ 1e hiere)!!r1 (şi 1e A41er0e4., D!4e5!rc! 4=! 5!i +r*1u0 +e4i5e4i !tci4e&! Di5+*tri&/, c341 Occi1e4tu ! 1e0c*+erit, ! 0f3rşitu 0ec*uui ! gLg=e!, +e I0e4 şi +eB*er40*4, 34 5!i +u7i4 1e * )e4er!7ie iter!turie 0c!41i4!&e 0=!u i5+u0 +retuti41e4i +e4tru c/ I0e4 şiB*er40*4 4u er! singuri1 !/turi 1e ei eHi0t!u, şi 0=!u 5!i !1/u)!t, tri41er), @!50u4, e5! L!)er*f şicei!7iE&i1e4t, c*5+!r!7i! !ce!0t! 34tre * literatur$ şi * cultur$ 4u treuie +ri&it/ 5!i 5ut 1ec3t e0te, !1ic/F * 0i5+/c*5+!r!7ie D!r 4u e 5!i +u7i4 !1e&/r!t c/ * cutur/ 4!7i*4!/ 0e i5+u4e u5ii c! u4 ansamblu de crea&ii

spirituale, +e t*!te +!4urie şi 1e t*!te 5/ri5ie 34 R*5;4i! ier/, &i0u 0ecret ! 5ut*r 0criit*ri er! 0/0tr/uce!0c/ singuri +e ceru iter!r ! )e4er!7iei *r, !ş! cu5 0tr/uci0e E5i4e0cu D!r 4efericire! ui E5i4e0cut*c5!i !ce!0t! fu0e0eF c/ 0e 0i57i0e singur+ Cu u4 )e4iu i*!t, u4 4e!5 4u 0e +*!te i5+u4e 34 cutur!u4i&er0!/ (A5i4ti7i=&/ Re4!ştere! it!i!4/, e+*c! ei0!et!4/, r*5!4ti05u )er5!4 0!u +ictur! *!41e/, 0!u5uic! şi fi**fi! )er5!4/. Cu c3t eHi0t/ 5!i 5u7i, şi 5!i u4i, 0criit*ri 34tr=* )e4er!7ie, cu !t3t ş!40eei41i&i1u!e, !e fiec/rui 0criit*r 34 +!rte, 1e ! i4tr! 34 i0t*ri! iter!turii 0u4t 5!i 4u5er*!0e C!5 !ce!şi ucru 0e +etrece şi +e +!4 cutur! 34 0e40u !r) ! cu&34tuui :4 0i4)ur 5!te5!tici!4 1e )e4iu 4u &! +ute! i5+u4e4e!5u 1i4 c!re 0=! 4/0cut c! u4 4e!5 cre!t*r 1e cutur/ u4i&er0!/ Treuie 0/ eHi0te ce +u7i4 c37i&!5!te5!ticie4i 1e 534! 34t3i, c'i!r 1!c/ 4u5!i u4u 1i4 ei !r !&e! cu !1e&/r!t )e4iuOr, c! 0/ 4e re34t*!rce5 ! +r*e5! c!re 4e +re*cu+/F 4u5!i varietatea şi masivitatea +r*1uc7iei cutur!er*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi/FA +*!te i5+u4e u4 fenomen cultural rom=nesc+ Pr*1uc7i! !ce!0t! 4u i5+ic/ 4u5!i1ec3t 4ici )e4i!it!te!!ut*ri*r, 4ici eHce+7i*4!ee *r 340uşiri E! 1*&e1eşte 340/ u4 ucru, 1e c!+it!/ i5+*rt!47/F cre!ti&it!te!r*5;4e!0c/, +e t*!te +!4urie şi ! t*!te !titu1i4ie R*5;4ii 1i4 eHi !u +r*1u0, !u +uic!t şi 0=!u i5+u0!te47iei +ri4 +r*+riie *r 5i*!ce N=!u f*0t !ut!7i 1e 4i5e4i (1i5+*tri&/. şi 4=!u !&ut 4ici u4 0+rii4 *fici!Deci, 1!c/ +r*1uc7i! *r ! f*0t u!t/ 34 c*40i1er!7ie, !ce!0t! 0=! 1!t*r!t eHcu0i& &!*rii ei i4tri40ece eec7i! !f*0t, !ş!1!r, f/cut/ 34 c*41i7iie cee 5!i *iecti&e cu +uti47/ i 0eec7i! !ce!0t!, f/cut/ 1e al&ii, 4e c*4fir5/34cre1ere! 34 f*r7ee 1e cre!7ie !e 4e!5uui 34tre) Pute5 f!ce ur5/t*!re! 0*c*te!/F 1!c/ !ceşti +u7i4i şi4e0tr/uci7i !ut*ri r*5;4i 1i4 eHi, u+t341 cu )reut/7i 4e34c'i+uite, 0i4)uri, 4e!ut*r!7i 1e 4i5e4i, !u iutit 0/=şii5+u4/ cre!7iie 34 t*!te 7/rie u41e i=! !u4)!t ur)i! !&e5 1re+tu 0/ cre1e5 c/ !1e&/r!tee 4*!0tre &!*ri,r/5!0e 34 7!r/, &*r +/tru41e şi 5!i uş*r, !tu4ci c341 &*r re1*3'1i iert!te! 0/ 0crie şi 0/ +uice 34 i5i 0tr/i4e,şi c/ &*5 iuti !tu4ci 0/ cre/5 fenomenul spiritual rom=nesc +e +!4 i4ter4!7i*4!Pr*e5! !ce!0t! e0te, e&i1e4t, 5ut 5!i c*5+eH/ Nu * +ute5 1e!te 34tr=u4 !rtic* Qi4e5 340/ 0/ !r/t/5, 1e +e !cu5, i5+*rt!47! cutur!/ şi +*itic/ ! u4ei Bii*)r!fii ! eHiuui r*5;4e0c0Juletinul Jibliotecii Rom=ne, Kreiur), "#>6.

'MI#*IRI %PR >I@V'##I P'PI#I Cre1 c/ !5 cetit +e4tru 34t3i! *!r/ En om sfîrşit c3te&! u4i 1u+/ !+!ri7i! tr!1ucerii r*5;4eşti, +ri4 "#26 R!re !u



f*0t c/r7ie c!re 5=!u i5+re0i*4!t 5!i 5ut 34tr=* !1*e0ce47/ c'etuit/ 34 ecturi 34tre+ri40e *!recu5 !34t35+!re, 1u+/ 4*r*cu r!ite*r +e ! !4tic!ri c/ci 5u7i !4i 1u+/ r/*iu 1e 34tre)ire c/r7ie 0trei4e 4u +re!0e )/0e!u 34 ir/rii En om s%rşit ! c/ut c! u4 tr/04et P*!te şi +e4tru c/ ectur! !ce0tei !ut*i*)r!fii0+iritu!e &e4e! 34tr=u4 ti5+ c341 i4tere0u +e4tru ştii47ee 4!tur!e şi c'i5ie, c!re 5/ 0t/+34e! 34c/ 1i4 c*+i/rie,34ce+u0e 0/ 0c!1/ C!rte! ui P!+i4i, cu !ut*rii 4*i +e c!re, 5i=i re&e! 'it5!4, Ri5!u1, C!1er-4 şifeu ui 1e ! 0crie, !0+ru, +ietr*0, &iri, ! 340e5=

/B4!t * 0+/rtur/ 1eci0i&/ 34 *ri*4tu 5eu 1e !tu4ci A5 reu!t En om sfîrşit c3te&! 5i4ute 1u+/ ce 0f3rşi0e5 1ecetit uti5! +!)i4/, şi 34 cei trei !4i 1e iceu +e c!re 3i 5!i !&e!5 34c/ 1e f/cut, !5 rece=tit=* 1e 5!i 5ute *riA5 c/ut!t, fireşte, 0/ cete0c şi cee!te c/r7i !e ui P!+i4i, !cce0iie 34 tr!1uceri fr!4cee L! "> !4i, Histoiredu !"rist 4u 5=! cucerit 34 0c'i5, !5 cetit cu e4tui!05 * cue)ere 1e 4u&ee f!4t!0tice, Le =mon m :a dit+++şi !repuscule des p"ilosop"es+ D*re!5 340/ 0/ cu4*0c 341e*0ei *+eree +*e5ice şi critice, şi c! 0/ e +*t ceti!5 34&/7!t it!ie4eşte K!+tu !ce0t! ! 340e54!t 5ut +e4tru ti4ere7e! 5e!, +e4tru c/ !ş! !5 +utut cu4*!şte, 34:4i&er0it!te, +e i*r1!4* Bru4* şi C!5+!4e!, c!re 5i=!u re&e!t cee 1*u/ +!0iu4i 1eci0i&eF i0t*ri! rei)ii*rşi fi**fi! Re4!şterii Nu5!i 1u+/ ce 5i=!5 +r*cur!t şi !5 cetit, +e 4er/0uf!te, 4u&eee, +*eiie şi +!5fetee ui P!+i4i, !5 34ce+ut0/ 347ee) ce 5/ f!0ci4! 34 *+er! !ce!0t! 0tuf*!0/, i4e)!/, !)it!t/ Er!, 34 +ri5u r341, 0i4cerit!te! ei, cee! ce4u5e!5 +e !tu4ci !ute4ticit!te! ei, f!+tu c/ P!+i4i 0e !4)!!0e t*t! 34 fiec!re 1i4 4u5er*!0ee uieH+erie47e, c/ ri0c!0e 0/=şi +i!r1/ &e1ere! 1i4tr=* !5i7ie 1e5e4t/ 1e ! ceti t*t, i şi 4*!+te, cu ie7ii ui *c'i

1e 5i*+ c*41!54!t 1e! *ririi, c/ ri0c!0e 4eu4i! 34 +eri*!1! ui 5!)ic/ şi 1e5*4i!c/ 35i +/ce! 0cri0uui 1irect, +!0i*4!t, i5+erti4e4t, c!re=i ri1ic!0e 1uş5/4i! ! trei 0ferturi 1i4 i4teectu!it!te! it!i!4/, 0*icit!t/ +e=!tu4ci 1e DA44u4i* şi Be4e1ett* Cr*ce 35i +/ce! i5e40! ui curi*it!te şi +*i&!e47! ui, c!re=i 34)/1ui! 0/0crie Ce4f* pagine di poesie 0!u @pera prima !/turi 1e &i*e4tee %troncature 0!u 1e 4u&eee f!4t!0tice A5r/5!0 34t*t1e!u4! !15ir!t*ru +ri5ei e+*ci P!+i4i, şi +ri4tre c/r7ie 5ee f!&*rite 0e 4u5/r/, !/turi 1e Enuomo finito, +!5fetee 1i4 %troncature şi Masc"ilit=, 0!u !ce! c!rte 0tr!4ie, !0ur1/, 1!r 0ci+it*!re 341e4/1e1e! şi 4i'ii05u eiF L:'ltramet$+Er!5 34c/ 34 iceu c341 !5 +uic!t +ri5u !rtic* 1e0+re P!+i4i, 34 oaia *inerimii+ C37i&! !4i 34 ur5/, 34!uvîntul 1i4 "#2-, !u !+/rut * 0erie 1e trei f*iet*!4e, şi i e=!5 tri5i0, 340*7ite 1e * u4)/ şi e4tui!0t/ 0cri0*!reşi 1e c3te&! tr!1uceri +e c!re e +uic!0e5 1e cur341 +ri4 1iferite re&i0te Nu 0+er!5 34tr=u4 r/0+u40, şi t*tuşi 3!şte+t!5 i, f*!rte cur341, ! &e4it Trei +!)i4i 5!ri, cu 0cri0u ui ur3t, //r7!t, 1e +!rc/ !r fi 7i4ut t*cu 1e f*!rte1e 0u0 1e te!5/ 0/ 4u )3rie '3rti! C'er A5i i4c*44u, !ş! 34ce+e! 3i 0cri0e0e5 c/ 0u4t 0tu1e4t ! K!cut!te! 1eKi**fie, şi

//5/ +34)e! c/ 0tu1ie ce! 5!i !1!r4ic/ 1i4tre ştii47e 34c'ei! 1*ri41u=5i 0/ &i4 ! K*re47! şi 0+er341 c/ 4u&*i uit! 0/=" &iiteM=!5 1u0 0/=" &/1 34 +ri5/&!r! ur5/t*!re, 34 +ri5! 5e! c//t*rie 34 It!i! L*cui! +e !tu4ci 34 &i! B 1eVic*, 4u5/ru 6 L=!5 )/0it !ş! cu5 3 cu4*şte!5 1i4 uti5ee f*t*)r!fii, cu 4ei+0it! 7i)!r/ 34 )ur/, cu * c/5!ş/f/r/ )uer şi f/r/ cr!&!t/, cu *c'ii 1e u4 !!0tru f*!rte 1e0c'i0, +e c!re 4ici e4tiee )r*!0e c3t 1e)etu 4u=" +ute!u u5ri Er! 34c/ f*!rte ur3t, 1!r cu &3r0t! e)e41!r! ui ur37e4ie, c!re=" f/cu0e 0/ 0e !0e5e4e 34 +ri5!ti4ere7e cu u4 c/+c/u4, 34ce+u0e 0/ 0e !te4uee D*!r )ur! e4*r5/ şi 1i47ii f*!rte 5!ri, )!e4i, 4ere)u!7i,!0cu7i7i, +e c!re=i 1e0c*+ere! c'i!r ce 5!i 5/ru4t 35et, 35i !5i4te! 1e c/+c/u4u +e c!re 1e0e4!t*rii ti5+uui3 +ree4t!u cu * u5/t!te 1e ur)'e /r*0 34 534/, 1e&*r341 +!ci1 ce!!t/, 34034)er!t/, u5/t!te34 i4ter&iu +e c!re =!5 +uic!t, +ri4 !+riie "#2%, 34 Eniversul Literar, 5=!5 0iit 0/ re1!u c3t 5!i 5ut 1i40u0t!47! c*4&*ririi, 35i !5i4te0c şi !cu5, 1u+/ treieci 1e !4i, c3te&! !5/4u4te Bu4/*!r/F c/ 1i4 34tre!)! ui*+er/ +refer/ +!)i4ie 1e +*eie, c/ci, 34!i4te 1e t*!te, 0e c*40i1er! +*et P*e5icie e=! +urt!t c! 0/ +urifice

!t5*0fer!, 0/ * f!c/ &re14ic/ 1e ! cu4*!şte şi iui +*ei! I=!r fi +/cut, ! !1/u)!t, 0/ fie u4 0f34t, 0/ !i/ !cce0! eH+erie47! 5i0tic/ D!r +34/ !tu4ci,34 "#2%, 4u 0i57i0e 1ec3t 1e c3te&! *ri +ree47! ui Du54eeu A0t! 3ifu0e0e 1e !u40 A5 &*rit !+*i 1e 0criit*rii şi fi**fii it!ie4i c*4te5+*r!4i Mi=! 0+u0 c/, 1eşi 4u e !+r*!+e4ici*1!t/ 1e !c*r1 cu Cr*ce, ce +u7i4 3 347ee)e, 1!r c/ 4=! iutit 34c/ 0/=" 347ee!)/ +e e4tie şi 5=! 34tre!t1!c/ eu 3 347ee) A+*i ! trecut 34 ce!!t/ c!5er/ +e c!re !5 34tre/rit=* t*t !t3t 1e 34c/rc!t/ cu c/r7i c! şic!5er! 34 c!re 4e !f!5 şi 0=! 34t*r0 cu u4 &r!f 34 r!7e A 34ce+ut 0/=5i !r!te &*u5ee, u4u 1u+/ !tu Er!u*+eree ui P Z!4fr*)4i4i +e c!re=" 0*c*te! +ri4tre )341it*rii 1e 0e!5/ !i It!iei , !e ui A1* P!!e0c'i,!tee +e c!re e=!5 uit!t 35i &*re! 1e ee şi 5/ 341e54! 0/ e cete0c L! +ec!re, 5=! 34tre!t ce c/r7i 1e=!e ui35i i+0e0c, c! 0/ 5i e 1/rui!0c/ Le !&e!5 +e t*!te, 34 !f!r/ 1e cee trei +e c!re 4u e 5!i reti+/ri0eF +*e5icie0*ci!e 1i4 Paga del %abato şi r*şurie Vita di nessuno şi Memorie d:Iddio+ A ri1ic!t 1i4 u5eri şi ! 35itC/r7ie !ce0te!, 5i=! 0+u0, 4u e 5!i !&e! 4ici eG e !&e! 1*!r 0*7i! ui, c! !5i4tire 1i4 ti4ere7eDi4 !ce! 1u+/=!5i!/ 1i4 !+riie "#2% 4u =!5 5!i re&/ut 1ec3t !cu5 c37i&! !4i, 34 5!i "#>6 D!r !5 +ri5it5!i 5ute 0cri=/S0*ri 1e ! e, şi c*4ti4u!5 0/=i cete0c c/r7ie 341!t/ ce !f!5 1e !+!ri7i! *r A5 0cri0 c3te&! !rtic*e 1e0+re e, 1!r



4u cre1 c/ i e=!5 5!i tri5i0 De 1e+!rte, ur5/re!5 tr!)e1i! ui P!+i4i, !5e4i47!t t*t 5!i cr34ce4 1e *rire şit*tuşi 4e'*t/r341u=0e 0/ 34cerce u4 uti5 ef*rt şi 0/ 34c'eie c!+*1*+er! 34ce+ut/ 34 ti4ere7e, !ce 'damo, 1e&e4it5!i t3riu 'ppunti sull:uomo şi !cu5 34 ur5/ >iudi)io Eniversale+ Af!0e5 c/ 0cri0e0e 1e! c3te&! 5ii 1e +!)i4i,1!r 4u 0e 341ur!, 0!u 4u 5!i +ute! 0/ * ter5i4e 34ce+e! 5ereu !te ucr/riF Istoria literaturii italiene, Via&a lui

Mic"elangelo, c3te !tee, 5!i 5/ru4te34 5!i "#>6 i=!5 0cri0, 1e ! R*5!, !5i4ti41u=i ci4e 0u4t, 34tre341u=" 1!c/ 5/ +*!te +ri5i A5 +ri5it u4

r/0+u40 espresso, şi +!)i4ie !cee! c!1e, eHtr!*r1i4!re, 5=!u 5/)uit 5!i 5ut 1ec3t * +*t 5/rturi0i !ici 35i0+u4e! c/ 4u 5=! uit!t 4ici*1!t/, &*re! 1e +urt/t*rii 1e t*r7e şi 5/ +*fte! 0/ &i4 0/=" &/1 c! 0/ 5/ c*4&i4) c/*r$ite d:Histoiie des Religions e u4! 1i4 +u7i4ee ui c/r7i 1e c/+/t3i M/ 34tre! c'i!r 1!c/ Mitul Reintegr$rii etr!1u0 34 &re* i5/ !cce0ii/ uiC341 =!5 &/ut, ! 1*u! i, ! K*re47!, !5 r/5!0 * cu+/ ui5it 1e ti4ere7e! ui 35+i4i0e %2 1e !4i şi +/re!4e0c'i5!t P/re! 4u5!iG +e4tru c/ !+r*!+e 4u 5!i &e1e!, i!r 34 )ur/ 3i r/5/0e0e u4 0i4)ur 1i4te, şi !0t! 3i34)reu4! &*rire! A+r*!+e u4 !4 1u+/ re34t34ire! ! K*re47!, !5 +uic!t 34 Les #ouvelles litteraires 1i4 #5!rtie "#>< u4 f*!rte u4) i4ter&iu, 34 c!re, t*tuşi, 4=!5 +utut re1! 1ec3t * +!rte 1i4 c*4&*riri M=!5 1e0+/r7it1e P!+i4i cu i5+re0i! c/ !re 34c/ 1e0tue f*r7e c! 0/ ter5i4e >iudi)io Eniversale, ! c/rei cu+ri40 5i "=! reu5!t +e !r) D!r i40i0te47! cu c!re 35i ceru0e u4ee /5uriri 1e0+re Mitul Reintegr$rii 5/ tuur!0e A5 347ee00e40u !ce0tei curi*it/7i c3te&! u4i 5!i t3riu, c341 !5 +ri5it II iavolo+ A5 !f!t t*t !tu4ci 1e !t!cu 1e +!r!iie +!r7i!/ c!re 3 35+ie1ic! 0/ 5!i 7i4/ t*cu 34 534/ :ti5ee c!+it*e !e ui II iavolo fu0e0er/1ict!te

De=!tu4ci 5/ 34tre!5 5ereu cu5 &! 5!i reuşi 0/ 0f3rşe!0c/ >iudi)io Eniversale, c341, f*!rte cu341, !5 !f!t c/u4 4*u !t!c 3 !5u7i0e cu 1e0/&3rşire i4)ur/ u4! 1i4 4e+*!tee ui iute! 0/ 1e0cifree )341ire! t*t !t3t 1ec!r/ şi 1e 341r/4e!7/ 34 şiru !ce! 1e )e5ete şi 0u4ete i4!rticu!te ! c!re er! re1u0/ &*rire! ui P!+i4i De=!tu4ci ! 34ce+ut u4)! şi !tr*ce! ui !)*4ie, c!re ! 340e54!t, f/r/ 341*i!/, u4! 1i4 +!)i4ie cee 5!ieHtr!*r1i4!re !e i*)r!fiei ui 0+iritu!e Du+/ 5/rturi0irie +riete4i*r c!re/O=!u &/ut !tu4ci, 4ici*1!t/ fi)ur! ui P!+i4i 4=! !&ut * eH+re0ie 5!i 0e4i4/ şi 5!i 35+/c!t/ c! 34 !cee u4)i0/+t/534i şi u4i c341, 9i4tuit +e 0c!u4, 4e5!i+ut341 0/ 0crie, 4ici 0/ &*re!0c/, !şte+t! 34t34ire! cu Du54eeu35i !1uc !5i4te ce=5i 0+u4e! 1e0+re >iudi)io EniversaleF c/ u1ec!t! 1i4 ur5/ 0e &! 35+i4i, 1!r c/ +e1e!+0!*!5e4ii şi=* &*r +ri5i 0i4)uri, +ri4 0i5+u f!+t c/=şi &*r !5i4ti !tu4ci, 34 f!7! ui Du54eeu, t*!te cri5ee şi +/c!tee +e c!re e=!u f/+tuit Du54eeu 4u &! c*41!54! +e 4i5e4iA0c*4!, !u)u0t "#>-0Perspective creştine, 0e+te5rie "#>-.

P%*@RI, H'IE!I, PRIJ>I !înd, 34 9!r! ier/ 1i4!i4te 1e *cu+!7i! 0*&ietic/, )341it*rii şi criticii 4*ştri 34cerc!u 0/ c*40tituie * fi**fie !cuturii r*5;4eşti, +ec!u 34t*t1e!u4!, cu5 0e cu&e4e!, 1e ! *0er&!7i! ur5/t*!reF c/ 0+iritu!it!te! +*+u!r/r*5;4e!0c/ ! f*0t 4utrit/, 1e ! 34ce+uturie ei, 1e 1*u/ eH+erie47e fu41!5e4t!eF ce! ! +u)!ri*r şi ce! ! +/0t*ri*r Kiec!re 1i4 4*i şti5 c3t 1!t*ri5 tr!1i7ii*r 7/r!4i*r +u)!ri Oiceiurie, c*4ce+7iie uri1ice şi +*ei!4*!0tr/ rei)i*!0/ 0u4t !+r*!+e 34 34tre)i5e cre!7i! +u)!ri*r 34 0c'i5, !+*rtu +!0t*r! ! 0+iritu!it!te! +*+u!r/ e 5!i +u7i4 cu4*0cut, şi 1e !cee! 0*c*ti5 4ece0!r 0/ 0t/rui5 !0u+r! ui E !1e&/r!t c/ 34 0ec*u !gfg=e!, 4u5/ru şi i5+*rt!47! +/0t*ri*r 0c/u0e 1e! 0i57it*r D!r cercet/ri !5/4u47ite 1e et4*)r!fie şi f*c*r!u !r/t!t c/ 5ute &e!curi 34 ur5/ +*+*ru r*5;4e0c +r!ctic! +/0t*ritu +e * 0c!r/ 5ut 5!i 34ti40/ Nu5!i !ş! 0=!r +ute! eH+ic! u4it!te! i5ii r*5;4eşti şi r*u 1e c/+ete4ie +e c!re=" !u 5*ti&ee +!0t*r!e 34 +*ei! 4*!0tr/ +*+u!r/34tr=* c!rte ceer/, i4titu!t/ Via&a p$storeasc$ în poe)ia noastr$ popular$, şi +uic!t/ 34 "#22="#26, +r*fe0*ru O&i1 De40u0i!4u ! !r/t!t c/ 5!*rit!te! 5*ti&e*r irice +*+u!re 0u4t 1e *ri)i4e şi 1e 0tructur/

+!0t*r!/ A0tfe, e*)iu !1u0 +ri5/&erii +e c!re !t3te! 1*i4e * 4u5e0c Pri5/&!r!, 5!5! 4*!0tr/ ,i5+*rt!47! +e c!re +*ei! +*+u!r/ * !c*r1/ cucuui, c/rui! +*+*ru 3i ice M/ri! t! *ri fi47i! t!, +recu5 şi0/&ire! c*1ruui,/;I!c/tuie0c, 1u+/ O&i1 De40u0i!4u, cee trei 5*ti&e c!r!cteri0tice !e iricii 4*!0tre +*+u!re Or, c3teşitrei 0u4t5*ti&e +!0t*r!e 34 0f3rşit, 0crie O&i1 De40u0i!4u, t*!t/ iric! +/0t*re!0c/ cu5i4e!/ 0+re * +*eie 1e 4ei4iştişi 0uferi47i 0t/+34ite, 1e 5e!4c*ie 34&/uit*!re, 1e 4*0t!)ii c!re e!)/4/ )341urie 1e +re0i57iri c!re c34134tu4ec/ 0ufetu, c341 3i &e0te0c 534)3ieri, 34&i*r/ri 0+re cee! ce +*ei! )r!iuui 4*0tru ! 4u5it 1*ru E uş*r1e 347ee0 1e ce dorul +*!te fi c*40i1er!t +ri4 eHcee47/ c! eH+re0i! iric/ ! 1e7ii +!0t*r!eF 4*5!1i05u +eri*1ic, !1ic/ tr!40'u5!4t! +/0t*re!0c/, i5+ic/ u4)i r/t/ciri +ri4 *curi 1e+/rt!te şi 0tr/i4e Ni5e4i !tu c! +/0t*ru 4u 0ufere! 5!i 5ut 1e 0i4)ur/t!teG 4i5e4i !tu c! e 4u c/c! !t3te! +/534turi 0tr/i4e D*i4ee 4e=*0+u4 i5+e1eFi 5!i i4, 1*rue, i4 C/ +e=!ici e *c 0trei4F i 5!i r!r, 1*rue, r!r, t .am C/ +e=!ici e *c !5!rD!r O&i1 De40u0i!4u ! !1u0 şi !te 1*&ei c! 0/ 1e5*40tree c/ 1*ru e * cre!7ie ! 0e40iiit/7ii şi i5!)i4!7iei +/0t*ri*r O 1*i4/ 1i4 Ar1e! 0u4/ !0tfeF



M/i /1i7/ +!4/ &er1e R/u 5/ te5 c/ eu tei +ier1e C/ te=!5 5!i +ier1ut *1!t/ i te=!5 c/t!t u5e! t*!t/, u0! &3rfu 5u4teui, L! cur7ie 1*ruuiI5!)i4e! cur7i*r 1*ruui, c!re 0e !f/ 34 &3rfu 5u4teui, 4u +*!te fi, tr!)e c*4cui! De40u0i!4u, 1ec3t cre!7i!i5!)i4!7iei +!0t*r!eF c/ci 4u5!i +/0t*rii 3şi +etrec * u4/ +!rte 1i4 !4 0u0 +e 5u4teG +u)!rii 4u 0e 1e+/rte!/1e *)*!ree *r 1i4 c35+ieC!+*1*+er! +*eiei 4*!0tre +*+u!re, !!1! Miori&a, +*!te fi c*40i1er!t/ !0tfe cre!7i! )e4iuui +*etic +!0t*r!

Du+/ *+i4i! ui De40u0i!4u, Miori&a ! u!t 4!ştere 1i4tr=u4 e+i0*1 ! &ie7ii +/0t*reşti 1e ! 4*i, şi !4u5e 1i4tr=*34t35+!re +etrecut/ ti5+u tr!40'u5!4tei, c341 ci*!4ii 1i4 5!i 5ute +/r7im 0e/<34t34e!u 34 trecerie *r 1i4 *c 34 *c e*)r!ficeşte, 4!ştere! !!1ei +*!te fi fiH!t/ +e i4iie 1e tr!40'u5!4t/c!re e)!u Tr!40i&!4i! 1e M*1*&! 34 0+eci! +e 1ru5u c!re c**r! 0+re 0u1u M*1*&ei !u f*0t 34re)i0tr!tecee 5!i &ii şi 5!i fru5*!0e &!ri!4te !e Miori&ei+ De !ici, !!1! 0=! r/0+341it 0+re ce4tru şi &e0tuTr!40i&!4iei, 0+re M!r!5ureş, Buc*&i4!, +recu5 şi 34 4*r1u M*1*&ei şi 34 Mu4te4i! Cu5 0crie O&i1De40u0i!4u, !!1! ! ur5!t +e ci*!4ii trecu7i 1i4tr=u4 7i4ut 34tr=!tu, 0=! r/0+341it +e u41e !u trecut !ceşti!,1u+/ ce r/0/ri0e 1i4 0ufetu cu 5i4u4!te 340uşiri +*etice ! u4ui ci*!4 c!re cutreier!0e 1ru5urie 1i4tre Ar1e!şi M*1*&! şi &/u0e şi !ui0e 34t35+!re! c!re e +*&e0tit/34 0f3rşit, treuie 0/ !5i4ti5 c/ +*ei! '!i1uce!0c/ 3şi !0i5ie!/ şi +reu4)eşte +*ei! +!0t*r!/ Vi!7!'!i1ucuui 0e !0e!5/4/ cu ce! ! +/0t*ruuiF *1!t/ cu &e4ire! +ri5/&erii '!i1ucu +*r4e! 1e+!rte, +ri4 *curi,

0/!tice, 34 5i*cu c*1ri*r, şi 4u 0e 34t*rce! 1ec3t *1!t/ cu t*!54!, ! c/1ere! fru4e*r De !cee! 1*i4ee '!i=1uceşti 0u4t !+r*!+e 34 34tre)i5e! *r i40+ir!te 1i4 1*i4ee +/0t*ri*r A0tfe c/, 1!t*rit/ fe4*5e4uui 0*ci! !'!i1uciei, i40+ir!7i! +!0t*r!/ ! c*4ti4u!t 0/ creee +*eie +*+u!r/ +34/ ! 5i*cu 0ec*uui trecutA5 !5i4tit t*!te !ce0te ucruri 4u !t3t +e4tru !=!4!i! u4u 1i4 !0+ectee 0+iritu!it/7ii +*+u!re r*5;4eşti,!0u+r! c/rui! 0=! 0t/ruit +re! +u7i4 34 uti5u ti5+, c3t +e4tru ! +u4e fii u5i4/ u4 fe4*5e4 !ctu!, e)!t 1etr!)e1i! 1e !i ! 7/rii 34 R*5;4i! *cu+!t/ 1e 0*&ietici, * +!rte 1i4 rei0te47i !u u!t 1ru5u c*1ri*r şi !5u47i*r, !ş! cu5 f/ce!u, cu * 0ut/ 1e !4i 34 ur5/, '!i1ucii Di4 c341 34 c341, r/!te +34/ ! 4*i cre!7i! +*etic/! !ce0t*r fu)!ri, şi e! 0e!5/4/ 34tr=u4 c'i+ iit*r cu +*ei! 1e 0tructur/ +!0t*r!/ şi '!i1uce!0c/D!r fe4*5e4u e0te şi 5!i c*5+eH Pri4tre cee c3te&! 5ii 1e e5i)r!47i, c!re !u !&ut 4*r*cu 0/ 0e +*!t/ 0!&!1i4 te54i7ee c!re=i !5e4i47!u 34 7!r/, 0e 4u5/r/ şi c37i&! 0criit*ri Cu5 er! 1e !şte+t!t, +*e7ii şi +r*!t*rii 1i4eHi !u c*4ti4u!t 0/ 0crie, 0u t*!te cerurie u41e i=! !u4)!t 0*!rt! A+!r !0t/i re&i0te iter!re r*5;4eşti ! P!ri0şi ! Ri* 1e J!4eir*, ! Ned n*r şi ! Bue4*0 Aire0, şi 0u+i5e4te iter!re +uic/ şi cee!te f*i +e c!re eti+/re0c r*5;4ii 1i4 eHi M!*rit!te! +r*1uc7iei +*etice ! +rie)iei 0e 340crie +e i4i! 1*ruui 1e 7!r/ şi !

0i4)ur/t/7iiF !1ic/ rei! u4!/C 1i4 tr!1i7iie irice 5!*re !e 0+iritu!it/7ii r*5;4eştiF tr!1i7i! +!0t*r!/, +reu4)it/ 1e ce! '!i1uce!0c/ =!u +uic!t 5ute &*u5e 1e +*eie 34 eHi, şi !+r*!+e t*!te 0u4t i40+ir!te 1e 1*ru 1e 7!r/ :4u 1i4 !ce0te &*u5e, +uic!t 1e tef!4 B!ciu 34 Ar)e4ti4!, 0e i4titue!/ c'i!rF 'nali)a cuvîntului dor+++Ke4*5e4u iter!turii r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi şi, 34 )e4er!, ! 34tre)ii !cti&it/7i cutur!e ! r*5;4i*r 1e +e0te )r!4i7/, +u4e !ce!0t/ +r*e5/F 34 ce 5/0ur/ 0e i4te)re!/ +r*1uc7i! eHi!7i*r 34 tr!1i7iie cutur!e !e R*5;4iei^E&i1e4t, &!*!re! u4ei cre!7ii iter!re 0e u1ec/ +ri4 5eritee ei i4tri40ece D!r 4u 1e0+re !ce0te 5erite iter!re 4e&*5 *cu+! !0t/i, ci 1e0+re 0+iritu 34 c!re !u f*0t 0cri0e +*ei! şi +r*! r*5;4i*r +rie)i 340tr/i4!re!,1e07/r!re!, 1*ru 1e 7!r/, !5/r/ciu4e! şi 0i4)ur/t!te!, t*!te !ce0te 0e4ti5e4te +e c!re e cu4*0c eHi!7ii 1e !0t/i4u 0u4t 4ecu4*0cute +*+*ruui 4*0tru EHi!7ii 4u f!c !tce&! 1ec3t 0/ +reu4)e!0c/ 4*5!1i05u +/0t*ri*r, c!reier4!u +e0te Ni0tru, !u4)341 u4e*ri +34/ 34 Cri5ee!, şi 0e re34t*rce!u &!r! 34 C!r+!7iTr!40'u5!4t! +!0t*r!/ 4=! f*0t 4u5!i cre!t*!re 1e iri05 şi 5e!4c*ie 34 !f!r/ 1e iric! dorului, +/0t*rii !u

!1u0 34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ +*+u!r/ &iiu4e! u4ei u5i 1e0c'i0e, 34 c!re 3şi !f!u *cu 4e4u5/r!te 0*ciet/7iu5!4e, feurite 34 !şe!re! *r, 1!r t*tuşi *5**)!ie P/0t*rii !u f*0t cei 1i4t3i c!re !u i4tr*1u0 * 4*t/ 1eu4i&er0!it!te 34 0+!7iu 34c'i0 34 c!re tr/i!u +u)!riiG ei !u 1e0c*+erit omenia !t*r 4e!5uri, şi !u c*4triuit !0tfe! !c/tuire! cre1i47ei 34tr=* umanitate f/+tur/ ! ui Du54eeu Ke4*5e4u !ce0t! 0e re+et/ e&i1e4t, +e !t4i&e 34 iee 4*!0tre EHi!7ii şi 0criit*rii +rie)i 1e0c*+/r 0+!7ii şi +ei0!)ii feurite, 34 c!re tr/ie0c t*tuşi*!5e4i ! fe c! 4*i, cu !ce!şi 1*r 1e iert!te, !cee!şi *5e4ie şi !cee!şi cre1i47/ 34 Du54eeu EH+erie47!eHiuui 4u &! fi, 1eci, +ier1ut/ +e4tru cutur! r*5;4e!0c/G e! 0e &! !1/u)! tr!1i7iei u4i&er0!i0te +e c!re +e4i&eu 0+iritu!it/7ii +*+u!re !u fu41!t=* şi 4utrit=* +/0t*rii Ar fi * !1e&/r!t/ c!t!0tr*f/ c! 0criit*rii, !rtiştiişi c/rtur!rii 1i4 eHi 0/ 0e !0e cu+ri4şi 1e 1e4/1e1e, 0*c*ti41u=0e 0terii!7i şi i4utii +e4tru c/ 0u4t ru+7i 1i4*ri*4tu *r 4!t! Di5+*tri&/, 0u4te5 1!t*ri 0/ 4e 34eci5 ef*rturie 1e cre!7ie, c*4ştie47i fii41 c/ +r*1uc7i!ier/ 1i4 eHi c*4ti4u/ şi 0+*reşte * &ec'e şi )*ri*!0/ tr!1i7ie 0+iritu!/ r*5;4e!0c/YRom=nia, 4*ie5rie "#>-./F

@M#I(' IL'#'5 MEDITAQII A:PRA CREZ:L:IYCiti41 !ce0te 5e1it!7ii !e D*54i7ei Ie!4!, 35i !5i4te!5 4ec*4te4it 1e c/r7ie Re)i4ei Ei0!et! şi !e Re)i4ei



M/ri! N=!u trecut 1ec3t &re* ş!+teeci 1e !4i 1e ! Poveştile Peleşului 1e C!r5e4 &!, şi 4ici 5/c!r ci4cieci1e c341 !+/re!u 34 r*5;4eşte r*5!4ee Re)i4ei M/ri!, Ilderim şi Vis$torul de vise+ i t*tuşi, iter!tur! !ce!0t!re)!/ +!rc/ !r *)i41i u5i 1e 5ut !+u0e Er!u, 34tr=!1e&/r, u5i 1e !05 şi e)e41/G !1e0e!, !05e şi e)e41e&e4ite 1e f*!rte 1e+!rte +34/ ! 4*i Deşi i40+ir!te 1e +ri&eiştie c!r+!tice, şi u4e*ri cue0e c'i!r 1e ! *!5e4ii*cuui, Poveştile Peleşului !+!r7i4e!u 34c/ +ei0!uui 4!t! ! Re)i4ei C!r5e4 &! Purt!u 34 ee 4*0t!)iie +*0t=r*5!4ti05uui )er5!4 I!r Ilderim !u4)e! ! 4*i 1i4 u5e! 1e &i0 şi !!1/ er*ic/ ! E&uui Me1iu cetic

35i !5i4te0c şi !cu5 e5*7i! cu c!re, c*+i, 1e0cifr!5 !cee 4u5e 1e !ut*ri eH*tici 1i4 c!re Re)i4! M/ri! 3şi!e)e! cit!tee +e4tru 5*tt*F O00i!4, Ki*4! McLe*1, R!i41r!4!t' T!)*reE !1e&/r!t c/ Re)i4! M/ri! e0te 34!i4te 1e t*!te !ut*!re! !ceei 5!)4ifice !ut*i*)r!fii, 34 c!re 0t/ cu+ri40/ !t3t!i0t*rie r*5;4e!0c/ D!r c341 Re)i4! M/ri! 0cri! !ş! cu5 * 341e54! i4i5!, 0e 34t*rce! 34 u5e! f!u*!0/ !E&uui Me1iu cetic şi )er5!4ic Nu * f/ce!, 1e !tfe, +e4tru c/ er! Re)i4/ Aş! 0cri!u 5u7i !ut*ri ceeri +e!tu4ci Er! e+*c! 1e )*rie ! ui M!eteri4c şi Ki*4! McLe*1, ! ui M!rce 'd*, DA44u4i* 0!u A4!t*eKr!4ce De !tu4ci, 0=!u 34t35+!t 5uteF 1*u/ r/*!ie 5*41i!e i!r +e4tru 4*i, tr!)e1i! *cu+!7iei 0*&ieticeC*4te5+*r!4/ !ce0tei tr!)e1ii 4!7i*4!e, D*54i7! Ie!4! 4u 5!i +ute! 0crie !ş! cu5 0cri! C!r5e4 &! 34 !ce!e+*c/ fericit/ c341 0e c/1e! C!0teu Peiş*r C/r7ie D*54i7ei 0e 35+!rt 34 1*u/ c!te)*riiF ". cee!ut*i*)r!fice, 34 c!re +*&e0teşte ce=! f/cut, ce=! &/ut şi ce i 0=! 34t35+!t 34 ti5+u r/*iuui şi i5e1i!t 1u+/i4tr!re! 0*&ietici*r 34 7!r/ 0I live again, carte c!re 0=! ucur!t 1e u4 c*40i1er!i 0ucce0 1e +uic şi 1e critic/, şi

Hospital of t"e ueen :s Heart21 2. ucr/rie 34 c!re 5/rturi0eşte 1e0+re cre1i47ee 0!e +er0*4!eF *"e %piritof@rt"odo-y My Innerait" şi Medita&iile 1e c!re 4e *cu+/5 34 +!)i4ie 1e f!7/ Du+/ cu5 0e &e1e, e &*r!

eHcu0i& 1e +re*cu+/ri rei)i*!0e Cee! ce e0te 340/ 0e54ific!ti&, e f!+tu c/ D*54i7! Ie!4! &*reşte 1e0+re*rt*1*Hi! r*5;4e!0c/, !1ic/ 1e0+reY Ileana+ Princess of Rom=nia5 Meditations on t"e #icene !reed (M*re'*u0e=*r'!5, Ned n*r, "#>8,"<< +./cre1i47! i0t*ric/ ! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c Nu 0crie 1e0+re creşti4i05 34 )e4er!, 4ici 1e0+re !te f*r5e i0t*rice !ecreşti4i05uui *cci1e4t! ci 1e0+re cre1i47! creşti4e!0c/ !ş! cu5 ! 347ee0=* şi ! tr/it=* 4e!5u 4*0tru 1e=!u4)u uciu5!tei 0!e i0t*riiC3t 1ru5 1e ! Poveştile Peleşului şi Ilderim, +34/ ! Medita&iile asupra !re)ului Nu e 4u5!i * 1*&!1/ 34 +u0 !r*5;4i/rii 1i4!0tiei 4*!0tre E0te 5!i !e0 u4 0e54 ! ti5+uui De 1*u/ )e4er!7ii, u5e! 34tre!)/ cu4*!şte *Re4!ştere rei)i*!0/ Ke4*5e4u 0e &erific/ +retuti41e4iF 34 I41i!, 34 I0!5, 34 iu1!i05 şi 34 t*!te c*4fe0iu4iecreşti4e Pretuti41e4i +r*e5! 0=! +u0 34 ter5e4i !+r*!+e i1e4ticiF 34 ce 5/0ur/ f*r5ee tr!1i7i*4!e !e &ie7iirei)i*!0e 5!i +*t fi 1e f**0 *5uui 5*1er4^ 34 ce 5/0ur/ cri! *5uui 5*1er4, +r*&*c!t/ 1e 0c'i5/rie +ec!re e=!u !1u0 5!rie 1e0c*+eriri ştii47ifice şi 4utrit/ 5!i !e0 1e ter*!re! i0t*riei c*4te5+*r!4e, 3şi +*!te )/0i

0*u7i! 34tr=* tr!1i7ie rei)i*!0/ fiH!t/ cu 5ute 0ec*e 34 ur5/^ Re4!ştere! rei)i*!0/ 1e c!re &*re!5 5!i 0u0 0e1!t*reşte 34 +ri5u r341 0i4cerit/7ii şi cur!uui cu c!re !u f*0t 34fru4t!te !ce0te +r*e5e Ort*1*Hi!, c! şicee!te c*4fe0iu4i creşti4e, ! cu4*0cut 34 uti5ii treieci 1e !4i 5ute 0e54e 1e re344*ire şi !134ci5e D!r e0te0e54ific!ti&, şi 35ucur/t*r +e4tru 4*i, c/ u4 &/0t!r ! f!5iiei re)!e 5/rturi0teşte !0t/i, 34 eHi, !ce!0t/re344*ire 0ufete!0c/ +ri4 re34t*!rcere! ! i&*!ree cre1i47eiC!rte! 1e f!7/ 4u e 0cri0/ +e4tru ! fi citit/, reu5!t/ şi 1i0cut!t/ ci, !ş! cu5 * 0+u4e i5+e1e titu, +e4tru ! fi5e1it!t/ Nu e * c!rte +e4tru te**)i 0!u *!5e4i +re*cu+!7i 1e +r*e5ee te**)ice, fi**fice 0!u i0t*ri*)r!fice!e creşti4i05uui E 0cri0/ +e4tru cei c!re 0e recu4*0c ! fi creşti4i, 1!r 4u +re! ştiii i4e ce +*!te 340e54! !0t!Gc!re 0e 1uc +*!te 1u5i4icie ! i0eric/, 1!r )341u e r/534e +ri*4ieru )rii*r 1e t*!te iee Me1it!7iie 0u4t!c/tuite +e4tru !=i !ut! 0/=şi )/0e!0c/ 1ru5u c/tre 347ee)ere! +r*+riei *r cre1i47e, 34 !f!r/ 1e cit!tee iice,şi cu eHce+7i! c3t*r&! eHtr!0e 1i4 ri)*rie 1i4 N00! şi f I*!4 D!5!0c'i4u, !ut*!re! 4u f!ce !+e ! !tei&*!re Nu e * *+er/ 1e te**)ie, ci 5/rturi0ire! u4ei eH+erie47e +er0*4!e, 1*341it/ 34/u4tru c*5u4it/7ii 1eiuire ! Bi0ericiiG şi 5/rturi0it/ !ici +e4tru 0+rii4u şi f**0u citit*ruui

V!*!re! !ce0t*r Medita&ii 0t/ 5!i !e0 34 +r*0+e7i5e! *r A+r*!+e fiec!re +!)i4/ tr/1e!/ 34t34ire! cu 5i0teruc'ri0t**)icG 34t34ire 1irect/, f/r/ i4ter5e1iu eHe)e7i*r 0!u ! 5!4u!uui 1e te**)ie E5*7i!, fr/)ei5e!,f!r5ecu !ce0t*r +!)i4i 0e 1!t*re0c 1e0c*+eririi +er0*4!e ! 347ee0uri*r cre1i47ei Citi7i, u4/*!r/, 5e1it!7iie!0u+r! eH+re0ii*r =Lu5i4/ 1i4 Lu5i4/ şi Du54eeu/A!1e&/r!t 1i4 Du54eeu !1e&/r!t, 0!u C!re +e4tru 4*i *!5e4ii şi +e4tru ! 4*!0tr/ 534tuire u4t f*r5ue i4ecu4*0cute creşti4i*r 1e t*!te c*4fe0iu4ie, 1!r t*tuşi f*r5ue 34c/rc!te 1e t!i4e, c*5e4t!te 1e=! u4)u&e!curi*r 1e 4e4u5/r!7i te**)i şi c/rtur!ri Aut*!re! e 1e0uşeşte 347ee0u 34 !ş! fe 34c3t 0/ fie !cce0ii*5uui 1i4 iu! 1e !i, )r/it, +re*cu+!t, 1i0tr!t Du54eeu, 0+u4e !ut*!re!, 4u 4e 534tuieşte 34 feu 34 c!re4e=!5 !şte+t! 4*i Du54eeu 0=!r fi +utut !r/t! c! * +utere f/r/ 5!r)i4i, 1i0tru)341 I5+eriu r*5!4 şi u5e! +/)34/ şi t*tuşi 0=! 34tru+!t !ş! cu5 4e=* 0+u4e vang"elia+ M34tuire! 4u 0e 1*341eşte +u4341 c!+/t r/uui Nici +*t*+u, 4ici 1i0tru)ere! *1*5ei şi *5*rei 4=! 4i5icit +/c!tee O5u treuie 0c'i5!t e 340uşi, 34!i4tec! u5e! 0/ +*!t/ fi 0c'i5!t/ (+ <6.34 !ce0t fe, 0i5+u, c!r, !e)341 c*5+!r!7iie 1i4 eH+erie47! 1e t*!te iee, D*54i7! c*5e4te!/, r341 +e r341,!re)ul !ce0t! +e c!re=" ştie, 1e c*+i, !+r*!+e *rice creşti4 1!r !0u+r! c/rui! f*!rte +u7i4i 0=!u *+rit 0/



5e1itee i cu5 !re)ul re+rei4t/ e0e47! cre1i47ei creşti4e, 5e1it!7iie !0u+r! !ce0tui teHt 340e!54/, 34 cee 1i4ur5/, u!re! 1e cu4*şti47/ ! i5+ic!7ii*r 34tre)ii 1*)5e creşti4e D!c/ 4u e )r/it, citit*ru &! !&e! +rieu 0/refectee !0u+r! 0e54ific!7iei r/0ti)4irii şi 5*r7ii M34tuit*ruui, !0u+r! 34&ierii şi 34/7/rii ! Cer, !0u+r!0e40uui +e c!re=" !re eH+re0i! şi 0=! !şe!t ! 1re!+t! T!t/ui, !0u+r! Du'uui f34t, !0u+r! 347ee0uui +ec!re treuie 0/=" !i/ Bi0eric! +e4tru u4 creşti4 !1e&/r!tD!r, cu5 0+u4e!5 5!i 0u0, c!rte! !ce!0t! 4u treuie reu5!t/ Treuie citit/ şi 1e0c*+erit/ 1e fiec!re 34 +!rte

Nu e *+er/ iter!r/, 4ici te**)ic/ E 5/rturi0ire! u4ui 0ufet creşti4 1i4 iee 4*!0tre Pe4tru 4*i, 34c/ şi 5!i +re7i*!0/ c341 şti5 c/ 0ufetu !ce0t! e ! D*54i7ei Ie!4!0Rom=nia, 5!rtie "#>8.

'MI#*IRI %PR 'LW'#RE JE%EI@!'#E +++ Re&/1 şi !cu5 e)*&i!, !ş! cu5 !5 1e0c*+erit=* 34 !ce! 1i5i4e!7/ !urie 1e 4*ie5rie i +e4tru c/ !&e!5c!r4etu 1e uu4!r cu 5i4e, 35i !5i4te0c şi 1!t!F > 4*ie5rie "#<2G şi 4u5ee '!4uui u41e 4e=!5 *+rit 0/ +r34i5F @*r4* 1e A0!r Aici &e4e!u Cer&!4te0, şi C!1er14, şi !t37i! !7ii, t*t 1i4tre cei 5!ri M34c!u,/ABcu5 !5 534c!t şi 4*i, +urce fri+t i, 34 c/4i 5/ru4te 1e ut !r0, e!u !ce!şi &i4 ! e)*&iei +e c!re =!5 /ut şi4*i Neuit!t/ +ri&eişte, cu !ce 4e&er*0i5i !+e1uct 34 f!7! 4*!0tr/, t/i!t 34 u4)'i 1re+t 1e u4 i1 5e1ie&! Ne 34t34i0e5 1e 5!i 5ute *ri 34 uti5ii !4i, ! Bucureşti şi ! M!1ri1 D!r !5 34ce+ut 0/ 4e cu4*!şte5, şi 0/ 4e35+riete4i5, 34 !ce! i 1e 4*ie5rie, c341 4e u!0e 0/ 4e !r!te L! r!4!, e)*&i!, E0c*ri! e !f! 1*!r 1ec3te&! u4i 34 +!4i! 34 &!r! !cee! fu0e0e 4u5it c*40iier cutur! şi +r*fe0*r 1e iter!tur! r*5;4/ ! :4i&er=

0it!te! 1i4 M!1ri1 *0i0e 34 5!re )r!/, !+r*!+e f/r/ c/r7i Nu ştiu 1!c/ ! iutit 0/=şi tr!40+*rte, 5!i t3riu,5/c!r * +!rte 1i4 ii*tec/ D!r 34 !ce! i, ! e)*&i!, iu! 1i4t3i ! +riete4iei 4*!0tre, !5 !f!t c/ 5ute ucruri +e c!re e iui0e 34 ti4ere7e 4u=" 5!i i4tere0!u Bu4/*!r/, 4u=" 5!i i4tere0! !t3t 1e 5ut E rec*, 1eşi 0e 4u5/r! +ri4tre cei 5!i re4u5i7i cu4*0c/t*ri !i ui 34 0c'i5, er! +!0i*4!t 1e >etica ui P;r&!4 O recite! !tu4ci +e4tru !trei! *!r/ i u4 !4 34 ur5/ ! +uic!t !ce! 0tr/ucit/ c/r7uie, acios y Romanos en !arpatos+ Er!u * 0erie 1e +ree)eri ! :4i&er0it!te, +e c!re !&e! 1e )341 0/ e rei! şi 0/ e c*4ti4ue 34tr=* i V*i! 0/ 0crie * I0t*rie !ci&ii!7iei r*5;4eşti, şi +u7i4i er!u 5!i +re)/ti7i c! e 0=* 34t*c5e!0c/, +e4tru c/ Bu0ui*ce!4u er! i0t*ric !!rte*r şi t*t*1!t/ i0t*ric iter!r, er! +*et şi fu0e0e 1i0ci+*u ui V!0ie P;r&!4M/ 534)3i cu )341u c/ +ri4tre 5!4u0cri0ee /0!te 1e AeH!41ru Bu0ui*ce!4u 0e &*r )/0i şi c3te&! c!+it*e 1i4!ce!0t/ I0t*rie ! ci&ii!7iei r*5;4eşti :4 fr!)5e4t, 341r/4e7, şi 1e * eHtr!*r1i4!r/ 1e40it!te, 1e0+re C!r!cteruiter!turii r*5;4eşti, "=! +uic!t 34 +ri5u 4u5/r 1i4 Luceaf$rul+ Revista scriitorilor rom=ni din e-il (P!ri0,"#<8. D!r, c! *rice +*et 1u!t 1e u4 0!&!4t, AeH!41ru Bu0ui*ce!4u 0cri! )reu Nu 0e /0! +urt!t 1e fer&*!recri! ! rece, 5i)/*0, cu5+/4i41u=şi i4e cu&i4tee De+!rte 1e 7!r/, 4e0ti5u!t 1e e1it*ri şi re&i0te, 0t/+34it

t*t 5!i +uter4ic 1e +!ti5! +*eiei (şi +e4tru e !u40e0e * !1e&/r!t/ +!ti5/, c/ci, 1eşi u4u 1i4 cei 5!i /u1!7i +*e7i 0+!4i*i, c*4ti4u! 0/ 0crie 34 r*5;4eşte, şi=şi tr!1u0e0e 0i4)ur * u4/ +!rte 1i4 +r*1uc7i! ui +*etic/0+!4i*/., i!r 34 uti5ii !4i, t*t 5!i *4!& Bu0ui*ce!4u 34!i4t! !4e&*ie 34 re1!ct!re! c/r7ii c!re !r fi treuit 0/1e&i4/ c!+*1*+er! !cti&it/7ii ui 1e +r*!t*r Nu e i+0it 1e 0e54ific!7ie f!+tu c/, 34 iu0tr! c*ec7ie ! C!0ici*r r*5;4i c*5e4t!7i, fu41!t/ şi c*41u0/ 1e +r*fe0*ru/A/ N C!rt*!4, Bu0ui*ce!4u 34)rii0e e1i7i! alsului *ratat de Vîn$toare ! ui AeH!41ru O1*e0cu Pr*! uiBu0ui*ce!4u 1e0ci41e 1irect 1i4 O1*e0cu (5!i !e0 1i4 O1*e0cu, !ut*ru Istoriei 'r"eologiei2+ E0te r!r c! u4!ut*r 0/ 0e 340crie, cu !cee!şi &i)*!re, 34 1*u/ c!+it*e 1e i0t*rie iter!r/ !t3t 1e 1e*0eite c! P*ei! şi Pr*!1i1!ctic/ şi e0ei0tic/ i e0te cu !1e&/r!t eHce+7i*4! c! u4 +r*!t*r 0/ reuşe!0c/ 0/ 0e 34tre!c/ +e 0i4e 1u+/ci4ci0+reece !4i +etrecu7i +ri4tre 0trei4i C3t 1e 0tr/ucite 0u4t e0eurie !1u4!te 34 &*u5u t"os ("#<$., ee +/e0c !/turi 1e +!)i4ie +uic!te 1e Bu0ui*ce!4u 34 Luceaf$rul, estin şi Rom=nia+ e )'iceşte 34

+erfec7iu4e! !ce0t*r +r*e 1e eHi 1e4/1e1e! cu c!re u4 0criit*r, &3rit +ri4tre 0trei4i, 3şi !+/r/ i5!G c! şi cu5u+t! !ce!0t! 34&erşu4!t/ 1e !=şi +/0tr! i1e4tit!te!, 5u4c! !ce!0t! 1e i0if, re34ce+ut/ 34 fiec!re 1i5i4e!7/, !r fi0i4)uru r/0+u40 +e c!re u4 0criit*r eHi!t 3 0*c*teşte &re14ic 1e !=" 1! 1e0ti4uui;+ Y Ne re&e1e!5 1e0tu 1e r!r, ! 1*i, trei !4i * 1!t/, c341 iute! 0/ &i4/ +e4tru c3te&! 0/+t/534i ! P!ri0 3 re)/0e!5!ce!şi, şi t*tuşi, +e 4e0i57ite, 0e 0c'i5! Er! 5!i +u7i4 0!rc!0tic, 5!i +u7i4 1ur A/turi 1e 5!re! ui iuire +e4tru +*eie, * 4*u/ +!0iu4e 34ce+u0e 0/=" 5i0tuieF 5i0teru ui Z!5*Hi0 şi 5iturie 1!ci*r Er! u4 fe 1e !0e 34t*!rce ! i&*!ree 0uter!4e !e 0+iritu!it/7ii r*5;4eşti Reciti0e >etica 34 Ieri!, +!tri! ui Tr!i!4 Acu54*u/0+reece 0ec*e 0e 4/şte! 34 It!ic! Tr!i!4 P!ce! er! +rec!r/ +e 5!urie Du4/rii R341urie !ce0te! e340cri0e0e 1re+t 5*tt* ! 0tu1iu :t*+i! )etic/, +uic!t 34 estin (5!i "#><. D*u/ +r*+*i7ii 0i5+e 1!rc3t 1e 5i0teri*!0e R341uri +i4e 1e 0u347ee0uri şi !uii, c/ci Bu0ui*ce!4u +ec! 1e ! !ce0te e&e4i5e4tei0t*rice 4!ştere! ui Tr!i!4, fr/534t/rie 1e ! Du4/re c! 0/ !u4)/, +ri4 5itu ui Z!5*Hi0, ! ut*+i!)etic/ !ş! cu5 ! 0u+r!&ie7uit e!, c!5uf!t/ 0u 4u5e )*tice, 34 i0t*ri*)r!fi! 0+!4i*/ :t*+i! etic/ 0e

tr!40f*r5!0e 34 :t*+ie )*t/ K*r7! 5ituri*r e 34 ! 0e !0cu41e şi ! 0e tr!40fi)ur! +e4tru ! 4u +ieri, +e4tru !0u+r!&ie7ui Mitu )etic ! 0u+r!&ie7uit cu 4u5ee 0/u 4*u 34 0cutu Re)i*r C!t*ici !+!r 0i5*urie 1!ci*rF



Ju)u şi /)e7ieG şi cu ee, 0i5*u 5!*r, c!re +r*c!5/ triu5fu 5ituui N*1u *r1i!4 rete!t/AStu1iu !ce0t!, 1e 4u5!i "- +!)i4i1e re&i0t/, treuie cetit şi recetit 1e 5!i 5ute *ri c! 0/=i +*7i +/tru41e t*!tei5+ic!7iie Cu5 eii şi +er0*4!)iie f!u*!0e !e D!ciei !u !u40 fi)uri eHe5+!re 34 i0t*ri*)r!fi! 0+!4i*/Gcu5 5itu )etic ! iutit 0/ re4!0c/ 34 i1e**)i! 5e1ie&!/ ieric/ şi ! f*0t !cce+t!t şi rei4ter+ret!t, c'i!r 1e ce5!i 5!re u5!4i0t 0+!4i*, A4t*4i* 1e Neri!, 4u5!i AeH!41ru Bu0ui*ce!4u er! c!+!i 0/ 1ee)e t*!te

firee !ce0te! 34tre7e0ute !*!t/ 1i4 Mit, I0t*rie şi :t*+ie, 0/ e ur5/re!0c/ şi 0/ e u5i4ee +e fiec!re 34 +!rte,1e0c'i341 ! fiec!re +!0 +er0+ecti&e 4e/4uite +34/ ! e :t*+i! )etic/ e 4u5!i u4 fr!)5e4t 1i4tr=u4 0tu1iu 5ut5!i &!0t, +e c!re ştiu c/ &*i! ş/=" +uice, 34 fr!47ueşte, 1u+/ ce şi=!r fi c*5+et!t 1*cu5e4t!re! V! fi !u400/=" ter5i4e^ Nu 341r/4e0c 0/ 0+er, c/ci ştiu cu c3t/ 5eticu*it!te ucr! Bu0ui*ce!4u, c*4tr*341 fiec!rei4f*r5!7ie, &erific341 fiec!re 1*cu5e4t, şi ştiu c3t 0ufere! 1e i+0! u4ei ii*teci *)!te 1e !r'e**)ie şi i0t*rie!4tic/Ve4e!, 1e c3te *ri +ute!, ! P!ri0, c! 0/ 0e 1*cu5e4tee Aş! =!5 34t34it, cre1 +e4tru uti5! *!r/, 34 i!r4! "#>>L! V! 1Or, !5 0t!t *1!t/, 5ut 1e &*r/, +34/ 1u+/ 5ieu 4*+7ii, 1e0+re Z!5*Hi0 şi 5iturie 1!ci*r M=!5u0tr!t c'i!r c/ 4u 1!u 5!i re+e1e ! ti+!r 0tu1iu ! c!re ucr!5 1e 5u7i !4i, şi 1e c!re=i &*ri0e5 I 0e +/re! c/Z!5*Hi0 c*40tituie ce! 5!i +!0i*4!4t/ +r*e5/ ! I0t*riei Rei)ii*r M=!u e5*7i*4!t c/1ur! şi e4tui!05u cuc!re 35i &*re! 1e0+re D!ci! +r*t*i0t*ric/, +e c!re 4u * 34tre&/u0e 1ec3t 34 !4ii ui 1e 0tu1e47ie, c! ee& ! uiP;r&!4, 1!r +e c!re 4u * 0tu1i!0e 4ici*1!t/ 341e!+r*!+e, c3t ti5+ fu0e0e 34 7!r/M!i t3riu, cre1 c/ !5 347ee0 ce=" f!0ci4!0e !t3t 1e 5ut 34 5iturie şi ut*+iie !ce0te! )eticeF er! t!i4! +r*+riuui

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&/ut/ 1e e, !1uce! 34 iric! 0+!4i*/ c*4te5+*r!4/ &/1u'u 34!t şi !0+ru ! P*etuui c!re 4u 0e 5!i +*!te34t*!rce, 1!r 4u 0e +*!te 4ici *1i'4i, c!re treuie 0/ 34!i4tee 34tru4!, c/ci 4u=şi 5!i +*!te c/ut! trecutu 1ec3t 34&iit*r P*ei! ui Bu0ui*ce!4u !1/u)! u4 fre!5/t 4*u, 4ecu4*0cut, iricii 0+!4i*e 34 4*+7ie ui !e e !f!0e c/F, Ace! 4e!şte+t!t/ ru5*!re c34tec *0cur ce ru+e! i4eee 4*+7ii ! 4u er!u *rieKructu 1e u5i4/ 1*r5e! 34c/ 34 )r/u4tee ui 1e !r)i/ Lu5e! 0e *1i'4e! Mu47i 1e t/cere ufetu )r!&it!!134c c/tre J i&*!ree 0!e N*+7ie !ce0te! !e f!c !cu5 +!rte 1i4 u4i&er0u +*etic 0+!4i* D!r 5/ 34tre 1!c/ certitu1i4e! !0t! 3 c*40*! +e 1e=!=4tre)u +e AeH!41ru Bu0ui*ce!4u M/ 34tre 1!c/, 34 uti5ii ui !4i, )rei, 1e 0uferi47/, 4u=" 1**r!u +/rerie 1e r/u c/ 4u !+uc!0e 0/=şi 0f3rşe!0c/ Etopia getic$+ Pe4tru c/ !ce!0t! i 0e +/re! 1e0c*+erire! ui ce! 5!i1e 0e!5/F c/ Z!5*Hi0 4u 5uri0e, c/ 0e refu)i!0e 1*!r 1i4 Mit 34 :t*+ie, !c** 1e u41e 4ici * c!t!0tr*f/ i0t*ric/4u=" 5!i +*!te 1i0*c!, !c** u41e )341u 3 +*!te 34t*t1e!u4! re)/0i i 4u5!i e, AeH!41ru Bu0ui*ce!4u, !r fiştiut 0/ 0+u4/ t*!te !ce0te!, !ş! cu5 0e cu&i4 0/ fie 0+u0eF cu +recii! şi eH!ctit!te! criticuui, cu i4tei)e47!c!r/, +r*!0+/t/ ! +*etuui

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*0er&!7ii*r ui 34 e)/tur/ cu 0tructur! şi 1e0ti4u cuturi*r Lucr! !tu4ci ! uti5u &*u5 1i4 *rilogia !ulturiişi 0e +re)/te!0/ 34fru4te +r*e5! I0t*riei D!r c341 =!5 re&/ut,u4 !4 34 ur5/, ! Bucureşti, 5i=! &*rit 1e u4!t +r*iectF 5i=! 5/rturi0it c/ 34 ş!0e, ş!+te !4i 0e &! !+uc! 1e u4 r*5!4 35i !5i4te0c cu5 3şi &iu!i! e1e0f/şur!re! *+ereiF ! 2$ 1e !4i, 35i 0+u4e!, !5 f*0t 34!i4te 1e t*!te +*etG ! 6$ 1e !4i !5 34ce+ut 0/ 0criute!tru, i!r +e ! <$ 5=!5 c*4ce4tr!t !0u+r! i0te5uui fi**fic D!r ! >$ 1e !4i &*i fi +re)/tit 0/ 0criu u4r*5!4

C341 ! 35+i4it >$ 1e !4i, 4u 5!i er!, 1e 5ut, ier 0/ +uice D!r f/r/ 341*i!/ c/ ! c*4ti4u!t 0/ 0crie M/34tre 1!c/ ! 5!i !&ut ti5+, 341e54, 0!u 1e0tu/ +utere c! 0/=şi 0crie R*5!4u Ar fi f*0t u4 r*5!4 u4ic, şi 4u4u5!i +e4tru iter!tur! r*5;4e!0c/ Ar fi f*0t r*5!4u u4ui +*et c!re !r fi !1u0 34 +r*! e+ic/ t*!te e0e47eee0euui, fi**fiei şi te**)iei Nu 5/ &*i 35+/c! 4ici*1!t/ cu 1e0ti4u ui Luci!4 B!)! Cu e )341ire! r*5;4e!0c/ ! +ier1ut u4! 1i4 +u7i4eeş!40e 1e !0e 5!4ife0t!, 0tr/ucit, +e +!4u fi**fiei eur*+e4e D!r 0*!rt! 0=!/A<35+*tri&it şi 1e 1!t! !ce!0t! / f!ce5 +u7i4 0*c*te!! Luci!4 B!)! ! 34ce+ut 0/ 0er 6 şi 0/ +uice f*!rte t34/r,34 "#2$, şi 34 1*u/eci şi ci4ci 1e !4i ! +uic!t &re* treieci 1e &*u5eF +*eie, 1r!5/, e0eu, fi**fie K*!rte +r*!i, 34 cei ci4ci0+reece, ş!i0+reece !4i 1e t/cere, !r fi +utut 0crie 34c/ ece, ci4ci0+reece &*u5e Ar fif*0t *+eree ui 1e 5!turit!te, şi +ri4tre ee 0=!r fi 4u5/r!t, 1e0i)ur, şi !ce R*5!4 ! c!re +ri&e! c! ! * cu5e!4e&*ie 1e !ti40Cee! ce 4e !+!re !cu5 şi 5!i tr!)ic, e f!+tu c/ B!)! ! tr/it &re* ci4ci0+reece !4i 34 0trei4/t!teF ! V!rş*&i!,

! Vie4!, ! Ber4!, c! !t!ş!t 1e +re0/, i!r +e4tru c3te&! u4i ! f*0t Mi4i0tru R*5;4iei ! Li0!*4! 34 t*7i !ceşti!4i 4=! f/cut 4i5ic c! 0/ fie tr!1u0 34tr=* i5/ 1e 5!re circu!7ie E 340uşi, 1eşi !r fi +utut 0/=şi re1!ctee!4u5ite c/r7i 1e fi**fie 34 i5! )er5!4/, 4u 0=! '*t/r3t 4ici*1!t/ 0/ 34cerce şi !ce0t 5*1 1e !=şi c*5u4ic! )34=1ire! 3şi 0+u4e!, +*!te, c/ 34tr=* u4/ i *+eree ui &*r 0f3rşi +ri4 ! fi tr!1u0e D!r 5!i er! ce&!F +!0iu4e! uiB!)! +e4tru )341ire! fi**fic/ r*5;4e!0c/, încrederea pe care o !&e! în posibilit$&ile teoretice ale neamuluirom=nesc, 1et!ş!re! cre0e341/ f!7/ 1e +r*e5!tic! fi**fiei *cci1e4t!e 35i !5i4te0c ce=5i 0+u4e! +ri4 "#68=6#F c/ ce4tru fi**fiei eur*+e4e 0=! 0tr/5ut!t !cu5 34 R*5;4i!G c/ 4u5!i ! Bucureşti şi Cu 0e )341eştecreator1 c/ 34 re0tu Eur*+ei fi**fii 0u4t 1*!r 4işte e+i)*4i c!re 0e !t !1!r4ic 0/=şi !u4)/ 1i4 ur5/34!i4t!şii (A15ite! * 0i4)ur/ eHce+7ieF +e @ei1e))er.P*!te c/ er! ce&! !1e&/r!t 34 !ce!0t/ &iiu4e ! ui B!)! D!r e 4=! +re&/ut c!t!0tr*f! 1i4 "#<<<>, c!re !&e!0/ +!r!iee, 34c/ * 1!t/ şi +e4tru !t37i! !4i, cre!ti&it!te! r*5;4e!0c/ A0tfe c/ *cu+!7i! 0*&ietic/ "=! 7i4ut +ri*4ier 34 7!r/, i4terie341u=i=0e c/r7ie, 4e34)/1ui41u=i=0e 4ici 0/ ti+/re!0c/ !tee 4*i, 4ici 0/=şi tr!1uc/ * +!rte 1i4 cee &ec'i şi 0/ e +uice 34 0tr/i4/t!te, A/turi 1e !t3te! !te cre!7ii r*5;4eşti 5*1er4e, *+er! ui B!)!

! r/5!0 34)r*+!t/ 0u * e0+e1e 1e 5*r534t K/r/ 341*i!/, e! 0u+r!&ie7uieşte 34 c*4ştii47! ce*r c!re 0e !+r*+ie0!u !u trecut !i 1e <$ 1e !4iG 1!r *+er! ui fi**fic/ 4u !re 1re+t 1e circu!7ie 34 7!r/, şi e! ! r/5!0 i4!cce0ii/0trei4/t/7iiDe0ti4u !ce0t! e cu !t3t 5!i tr!)ic cu c3t e !r fi +utut fi e&it!t, 5/c!r 34 +!rte C3t ti5+ ! f*0t !t!ş!t 1e +re0/,Luci!4 B!)! !r fi +utut f!ce ce&! +e4tru 1ifu!re! *+erei ui fi**fice 34 0tr/i4/t!te (Du+/ c3te ştiu, 4u5!i *0i4)ur/ c!rte, @ri)ont şi stil, ! f*0t tr!1u0//AC 34 it!ie4eşte, şi e! ! treit u4 !r) şi re! i4tere0 34 tr!1ucere )er5!4/ 4=!u !+/rut 1ec3t +u7i4e fr!)5e4te, +ri4re&i0te E0te !1e&/r!t c/ Luci!4 B!)! !&e! 5!re 34cre1ere 34 +*0iiit/7ie 1e rei0te47/, şi 1eci 1e 0u+r!&ie7uire,!e 4e!5uui şi )e4iuui r*5;4e0c Cui&! c!re "=! &/ut !cu5 &re* ş!0e, ş!+te !4i ! Cu, 3i 0+u4e! c/ R*5;4i!! i4tr!t 34tr=u4 4*u E& Me1iu, !1ic/ ! f*0t 34c/ * 1!t/ re1u0/ ! t/cere şi eHi0te47/ !r&!r/, 0u+/534te!4/ 1!rc/ r*5!4ii 0u4t 1e+ri4şi 0/ 0!*tee I0t*ri! şi c/ *1!t/ şi=*1!t/ &*5 re&e4i i!r/şi ! u5i4/D!r !0t! 4u 5/ 35+!c/ cu 1e0ti4u +er0*4! ! )341it*ruui Luci!4 B!)! Pe4tru c/ *+er! ui acum !r fi treuit 0/

fie tr!1u0/ şi cu4*0cut/, acum !r fi +utut i4tr*1uce 34 +r*e5!tic! fi**fic/ !4u5ite 5et*1e şi 1e0c'i1e!4u5ite *ri*4turi c!re, 34 1*u/eci, treieci 1e !4i &*r +/re! 5!i +u7i4 i4tere0!4te, +e4tru c/ 3şi &*r fi +ier1ut4*ut!te! şi !ctu!it!te! Oric!re &! fi 0*!rt! *+erei ui B!)! 1e=!cu5 34!i4te, ş!40! +e c!re * !&e! 1e ! c*4triui! re344*ire! +r*e5!ticii fi**fiei eur*+e4e 34 !4ii 1e 34!i4te şi i5e1i!t 1u+/ ! 1*ie! r/*i 5*41i!, ş!40!!ce!0t! ! f*0t ire5e1i!i +ier1ut/Luci!4 B!)! f/ce! +!rte 1i4 !ce! tr!1i7ie cutur!/ r*5;4e!0c/ u4i&er0!i0t/ i4!u)ur!t/ 1e C!4te5ir şic*40!cr!t/ 1efi4iti& 1e E5i4e0cu, @!01eu şi I*r)! 34 c!u ui B!)!, u4i&er0!i05u 340e54! şi *5u4i&er0! (şi !ş! 3i +/ce! ui 0/=şi 0+u4/, 34 i4ti5it!te., 34tr=* e+*c/ 1*5i4!t/ 1e eHtre5! 0+eci!i!re, c341r*5!4cieru !i! 1!c/ 341r/4e! 0/ =0crie 4u&ee şi er! +ri&it cu 0u0+iciu4e 341!t/ ce +uic! &er0uri 0!u te!tru,c341 ee4i0tu 4u 0e 34cu5et! 0/ 34&e7e +er0!4! 1e te!5! 0/ 4u 0e ri0i+e!0c/, i!r fi**fu 4u cite! iter!tur/ +e4tru c/ 4u !&e! ti5+ 1e +ier1ut cu fe!curi şi +r*0tii Luci!4 B!)! ! 34cerc!t t*!te )e4urie iter!re şi, 34e0eurie şi *+eree ui te*retice 0=! 1*&e1it f!5ii!r cu !+r*!+e t*!te 1*5e4iie cu4*!şterii, 1e ! fiic! te*retic/şi te**)ie, ! +0i'**)i! 1e !134ci5e şi 5*rf**)i! cuturii Nu er! u4 eru1it (i !0t! eH+ic/ !t3te! i4!1&erte47e34 c/r7ie ui 1e fi**fi! cuturii., 1!r !&e! !cce0 ! +r*e5ee e0e47i!e !e tutur*r 1i0ci+i4e*r Ar fi f*0t 1e=!u40 !ce0t &!0t *ri*4t 0+iritu! +e4tru !=" 0i4)u!ri!, c'i!r 34tr=* cutur/ 5!*r/ D!r Luci!4 B!)! !1uce! 34



+u0 u4 eHtr!*r1i4!r t!e4t iter!r, 34 +ri5u r341 )e4iu ui +*etic f/r/ e)!T*!te !ce0te 340uşiri, cre!ti&it!te! !ce!0t! 1e ti+ şi +r*+*r7ii )*et'e!4e 4=!r fi 5erit!t 0/ r/534/ 345*r534t!te 347!r/ C3t 1e 5ut ! 0ur+ri40 ! 34ce+ut, şi c3t ! f*0t e! e*)i!t/ +e ur5/, 5uti!ter!i=/AF t!te! u4ui !rie M!rce 0!u Je!4=P!u !rtre, c!re iute!u 0/ 0crie, !/turi 1e fi**fie, te!tru şi e0euri şi, 34c!u ui !rtre, 4u&ee şi r*5!4e Cu ece !4i 5!i 34!i4te, Luci!4 B!)! 1*&e1i0e * 5ut 5!i &!0t/

5uti!ter!it!te şi, 5!i !e0, 5ut 5!i 5ut t!e4t iter!r D!r, e&i1e4t, !0t! 4=* ştie 34c/ 4i5e4i 34 Occi1e4ti t*tuşi, 1!c/ 4=* ştie 4i5e4i, ! cui 0/ fie &i4!^ M/ 34t*rc 4ec*4te4it ! !ce!0t/ 34tre!re *0e1!4t/F 1e ce u4*5 u4i&er0! c! Luci!4 B!)! 0=! i5it!t ! u4 0i4)ur i40tru5e4t 1e eH+re0ie, !ce ! i5ii şi cuturiir*5;4eşti^ De ce e, c!re !&e! +e 1e+i4 c*4ştii47! 5/re7iei i0te5uui ui fi**fic, c!re cre1e!, c'i!r, c/ !tu4cic341 3 &! c*5+et!, *5e4ire! 3şi &! +ute! )/0i 34 e 4u 4u5!i E0tetic!, Met!fiic!, Ki**fi! cuturii şi ! i0t*riei1e c!re &! !&e! 4e&*ie, ci şi * 4*u/ Rei)ie, c!re !r +ute! 34*cui +e t*!te cee!te, &ec'i, +ri4tre c!re şicreşti4i05u 1e ce Luci!4, B!)! ! '*t/r3t 0/ c*5u4ice !ce!0t/ 4*u/ Re&e!7ie ! +irituui eHcu0i& 34 i5!r*5;4/ şi +e4tru f**0u ce*r c3te&! 5ii 1e citit*ri r*5;4i^Cei c!re =!u cu4*0cut +e Luci!4 B!)! +*t 5/rturi0i c/ 0u 0fi!!, ti5i1it!te!, 5*1e0ti! ui 0e !0cu41e!c*4ştii47! t*t1e!u4! tre!/ ! )e4iuui Nu er! *r)*iu Er! certitu1i4e! c/ +ri4 e +iritu 3şi re&ee!/ 0tructurieui cee 5!i +r*fu41e, c/ 1u+/ !+!ri7i! i0te5uui *5e4ire! 4u &! 5!i +ute! fi !cee!şi Mi=! 5/rturi0it *1!t/ c/e 0e c*40i1er/ 1*!r c! u4 *r)!4 +ri4 c!re 0e 1e&/uie şi 0e !rticue!/ i0te5u Nu er! 1eci *r)*i*0 340e40u cru1 ! cu&34tuui Er! 1*!r c*4ştie4t 1e eHce+7i*4!! i5+*rt!47/ ! 5i0iu4ii uiF +ri4 e, Luci!4 B!)!,

+iritu 0e +re)/te! 0/ i4ter&i4/, 1e 1!t! !ce!0t! r!1ic!, 34 I0t*rie, +r*&*c341 * !1e&/r!t/ 5ut!7ie 34 c*41i7i!*5uuiD!r !tu4ci, 1!c/ e 0e c*40i1er! *5 u4i&er0!, şi 1!c/ i0te5u ui fi**fic er! 5e4it 0/ 5*1ifice e&*u7i!0+iritu!/ ! u5!4it/7ii, 1e ce=şi !e0e0e, c! 5i*c 1e eH+re0ie, * i5/ c!re şti! i4e c/ e 4ecu4*0cut/ fi**fi*rşi *!5e4i*r 1e cutur/ eur*+e4i^ Nu &*i !f! 4ici*1!t/ r/0+u40u ui B!)! ! !ce!0t/ 34tre!re E&i1e4t, u4!+**)et ! c!te)*rii*r *r)!4icuui, +e c!re B!)! e c*40i1er! 0+ecifice 0tiuui 1e eHi0te47/ r*5;4e0c şi*rt*1*H, 4u 0e +ute! eH+ri5! 1ec3t 34 i5! ui 4!t!/ D!r, cu5 0+u4e!5 5!i 0u0, !0t! 4u eH+ic/ i41ifere47! uiB!)! f!7/ 1e 1ifu!re! *+ere*r ui fi**fice +ri4 tr!1uceri Ber1i!e& 1e !0e5e4e! şi=! 0cri0 t*!te c/r7ie 34ru0eşte, 1!r !0t! 4u "=! 35+ie1ic!t 0/ 0u0cite şi 0/ 34cur!ee tr!1ucerie/ACe 5i 0e +!re )reu 1e 347ee0 e c*4tr!1ic7i! 34tre c*4ştii47! u4i&er0!it/7ii *+erei ui şi f!+tu c/ Luci!4 B!)! !'*t/r3t s$ tac$ !ce!0t/ u4i&er0!it!te C/ci, 34 r*5;4eşte, *+er! fi**fic/ ! ui B!)! tace+ Deşi 5erit/ 0/0c'i5e 0*!rt! *5uui, fi**fi! ui B!)! e i4!cce0ii/ u5!4it/7ii K!7/ 1e t*7i cei c!re 4u cite0c r*5;4eşte,

Luci!4 B!)! c*4ti4u/ 0/ t!c/, cu t*!te cee ece, u40+reece &*u5e 1e fi**fie +e c!re e=! +uic!tM/ 34tre 1!c/ şi !ce!0t/ 4*u/ t/cere ! ui B!)! 4u f!ce +!rte 1i4 fire! ui şi 1i4 1e0ti4u 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c35i !5i4te0c t/cerie 1e ! Ber4!, re&/1 35etu ui 5i0teri*0 c341 35i 5/rturi0e! c/ ! 34ce+ut 0/ &*re!0c/ !&3r0t! 1e +!tru !4i, c/ 5ut ti5+ +/ri47ii ui !u creut c/ e 5ut M/ 34tre 1!c/ 4u cu5&! t/cerie !ce0te! 4efireşti4u c*re0+u41e!u, 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, t/cerii 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c +e c341 0!*t! I0t*ri!, 1!c/ ee 4u !4tici+!ut/cere! 7/rii 1e !0t/i P!ri0, *ct*5rie "#-"0!uvîntul în e-il, *ct*5rie "#-".

I# MM@RI'M C341 ! 347ee0 c/ e +ier1ut şi c/ ce!0urie 3i 0u4t 4u5/r!te, Nic*!e @ere0cu ! 0+u0 35i41F P/c!t Mi=!r 5!i fitreuit &re* 1*i !4i M!i !&e!5 c3te&; ucruri 1e +u0 ! +u4ctAce0t! ! f*0t 0i4)uru ui cu&34t 1e 35+*tri&ire De ! 5!e0tru 0/u, e4ec!, 34&/7!0e 0/ !şte+te, 1et!ş!t, cu0e4i4/t!te, t*t ce=i !1uce! 1e0ti4u De f*!rte t34/r, 4*r*cu "=! +urt!t 1i4 i341/ 34 i341/ A !u40 +r*fe0*ru4i&er0it!r, 1irect*ru Revistei !lasice şi ! I40titutuui 1e tu1ii L!ti4e ! * &3r0t/ c341 !7ii 5i)/e!u 34c/ * te/

1e 1*ct*r!t K!r5ecu, 1i0cre7i!, i4tei)e47! ui &i*!ie şi *4e0t/ i=!u 1e0c'i0 t*!te +*r7ie şi i=!u !1u0 t*!te*4*rurie C! 4i5e4i !tu 1i4 )e4er!7i! 0!, ! cu4*0cut 0ucce0ee 1e t*!te feurie, 1!r 4u şi=! +ier1ut 4ici*1!t/cu5+/tu, 4ici u5*ru I!r c341 0*!rt! ! 34ce+ut 0/=i fie +*tri&4ic/, 4u 0=! +340 şi 4u 0=! re&*t!t Nu &*i uit! 4ici*1!t/ cu5 =!5 re34t34it, 34 &!r! !4uui "#<<, ! Li0!*4! Ee)!4t, 0ur3/t*r, cu +!r1e0iu +e r!7, cu f!t! ui, I*!4!, ! ce/!t r!7 Kericit c/=şi re)/0eşte +riete4ii Pe u4 !er*1r*5 )er5!4, !&i*4u cu c!re&e4i0e 1i4 7!r/ fu0e0e, *5!r1!t şi/AA!r0e0e 3i !r0e0er/ t*!te !)!ee şi t*!te 5!4u0cri0ee, '3rtiie şi !4ii D!r 4=! &*rit 4ici*1!t/ 1e !ce!0t!c!t!0tr*f/, c!re=" 0ii0e 0/=şi 34ce!+/ eHiu f/r/ !4i şi f/r/ '!i4e, 1*!r cu u4 +!r1e0iu +e r!7 i 5!i +u7i4 1e u4!4 34 ur5/, 34 tre4u c!re=" 1uce! ! P!ri0, i 0=! fur!t &!i! 34 c!re=şi !1u4!0e t*!te fişee şi 5!4u0cri0ee ! c!reucr!0e 34 P*rtu)!i! A +ier1ut, 34tre !tee, c3te&! 5ii 1e fişe +e4tru c!rte! +e c!re * +re)/te!F Le clic"C dans la

poesie latine+ A !cce+t!t şi !ce!0t/ +ier1ere /r/teşte, ri1ic341 1i4 u5eri şi 35i41L*&iturie 0=!u 7i4ut !47, 1u+/ !cee!, &re* ece !4i P!rc/ =!r fi ur5/rit 4e4*r*cu C! şi !t37i! !7i eHi!7i, !cu4*0cut 0/r/ci!, 0i4)ur/t!te!, c!*54i!G 0=! *&it 1e 1uş5/4ii şi i4&i1ii, ! f*0t 34/tur!t 1i4 *curie c!re i 0=!r ficu&e4it şi ! f*0t 7i4ut 1e+!rte 1e 5ute 34tre+ri41eri r*5;4eşti A 341ur!t t*tu cu 0t*ici05 Nu şi=! +ier1ut



0e4i4/t!te! 4ici c341 ! cu4*0cut f*!5e!, c341 er! 0ur+!t 1e *!/, 1e !u40e0e +iee şi *0 3 34t34e!i t*t1e!u4!!ce!şi, c! şi 34 !4ii ui 1e triu5f 1e ! BucureştiF fru5*0, c*rect 35r/c!t, ee)!4t c'i!r, &e0e, +riete4*0, )!t! 0/=7i fie 1e f**0, 0/=7i &i4/ 34 !ut*r cu u4 0f!t, * 534)3iere, * i4ter&e47ie, i!r 1!c/ 0e 34t35+! 0/ !i/ c3te&! 5ii 1efr!4ci 34 uu4!r, cu * 5!0/ u4/, cu u4 &i4 u4A 5urit !ş! cu5 i=! +/cut 0/ tr/i!0c/F 1i0cret şi 0e4i4 A )u5it +34/ 34 uti5! ci+/ C341 ! !f!t c/ e +ier1ut, 0=!35+*tri&it 0/ i 0e &e0te!0c/ +riete4ii Nu &*i! 0/ e 0trice &!c!47ee i, 5!i !e0, &*i! c! +riete4ii ui 0/ +/0tree

34 !5i4tire i5!)i4e! ui 1e t*t1e!u4!, ce! !1e&/r!t/, i!r 4u fi)ur! 1e ce!r/ c!re şti! c/ &! 1e&e4i 34 ci+!1e0+/r7irii 1e tru+Cu NI @ere0cu 0e 1uce uti5u !ri0t*cr!t ! eHiuui Er! 0i4)uru 1i4tre 4*i c!re şti! 0/=şi 0t/+34e!0c/ 1e0ti4u Nici * *&itur/, c3t !r fi f*0t e! 1e cru4t/, 4u iuti0e 0/=" 1e0tr!5e /u4tric A cu4*0cut 1urere! f/r/ i5it/,tr!)e1i!, ! cu4*0cut c'i!r 1e4/1e1e!, 1!r 4u 0=! /0!t 4ici*1!t/ 1**r3t 1e 1e0cur!!re N=! 34cet!t * ci+/ 0/cre!1/ 34 triu5fu fi4! ! 1re+t/7ii Nu 0=! 341*it 4ici*1!t/ c/ 4e &*5 34t*!rce 34tr=* i 34tr=* R*5;4ie ier/, şi! 4*!0tr/ D!r, c! 4i5e4i !tu, ! ştiut 0/ 0e !+ere 1e *tr!&! +e c!re * 1i0tie!/ +e 4e0i57ite *rice eHi +reu4)it +e0te 5/0ur/ Nici c3t ti5+ ! !&ut * !cti&it!te +*itic/, 4ici c341 ! 0t!t 1e*+!rte +e4tru c/ fu0e0e /0!t 1e*+!rte 4u şi=! +ier1ut ec'iiru 0ufete0c, 0e4i4/t!te!, 347ee+ciu4e! i !ce0t *5 c!re ! +ri5it !t3te! *&ituriSBB4e1re+te, 4=! *&it 4ici*1!t/ +e !0cu40 A u+t!t şi 0=! !+/r!t ! u5i4! iei, c!&!ereşte, cu &iier! ri1ic!t/De ! +*e7ii !ti4i, +e c!re ! 34ce+ut 0/=i iue!0c/ 1i4 !1*e0ce47/ şi i=! cercet!t * &i!7/ 34tre!)/, ! 34&/7!t 0/ +re7ui!0c/ 5/0ur!, c!rit!te!, cu5+/t!re! Er! +ri4 eHcee47/ !4ti5i0tic şi !4ti5et!fi=ic şi !&e! *r*!re 1e *rice

fe 1e *0cur!4ti05, 1e +!t*0 şi 1e i41i0cre7ie C'i!r * +r*1uc7ie +re! fecu41/, 1e ti+ !!ci!4, i 0e +/re!i41i0cret/ I1e!u ui iter!r er!u iric! ui C!tu şi +r*! 5*r!işti*r fr!4cei Pei0!u 34 c!re 0=!r fi 0i57it +e 1e=!=4tre)u !c!0/ er! * iciie c! ! ui Te*crit, 1!r f/r/ 5i0teree şi eHt!ee ui Pit!)*r! Nu er! !teu, 4ici5!teri!i0t, 1!r +r*e5ee u5ii 1e 1i4c** 4u=" !tr/)e!u Cre1e! c/ u5e! ce! 1e t*!te iee şi u4i&er0uriecuturii 0u4t 1e0tu 1e &!0te c! 0/ +*!t/ 341e0tu! +!0iu4e! cercet/t*ruuiA&e! * c*4ce+7ie 5e1iter!4ee!4/ ! iuirii O iuire euf*ric/, 1!r c!5/, eier!t/ 1e i4ter1ic7ii şi re0e4ti5e4teG *iuire c!re er! !0*ut/ c3t ti5+ 1ur!, 1!r 1e0+re ! c/rei 1ur!t/ 4u !cce+t! 0/=şi f!c/ iuiiG +refer! 0=* tr!40f*r5e34 +riete4ie, 1ec3t 0/=i +reu4)e!0c/ !)*4i! 0!u 0=* c*40er&e 1efu4ct/ Cre1e! 34 +riete4ie c! 4i5e4i !tu şi er!34t*t1e!u4! )!t! 0/ ertfe!0c/ t*tu +e4tru u4 +riete4F 4u 4u5!i uti5u !4, ci şi ti5+u, i4işte!, iert!te!O+er! ui 1e !ti4i0t, 1e u5!4i0t şi +*et 3 r/0fr34)e +e 1e=!=4tre)u N=! f*0t u4 !ut*r +re! fecu41, 1!r t*t ce=!0cri0 ! f*0t 34t*t1e!u4! i4e )341it şi eH+ri5!t c!r, c*4ci0, ee)!4t I4 !cee!şi +r*/ i5+e1e, r*u0t/ şi c!1/ 0=!!1re0!t !4i 1e=! r341u ce*r 1i4 7!r/, 5!i !e0 1e ! +*0tu 1e R!1i*1ifuiu4e 1i4 P!ri0 P!)i4ie !ce0te! &*rtreui +uic!te 34tr=* i, 4u 4u5!i +e4tru &!*!re! *r iter!r/ şi +*itic/, ci şi +e4tru c/ ee c*40tituie u4! 1i4

cee 5!i &i)ur*!0e şi 5!i 1*cu5e4t!te !+/r/ri şi iu0tr/ri !e !ti4it/7ii 4*!0tre 34tr=* i, 1e !0e5e4e!, &*r treui!1u4!te 34 &*u5 !rtic*ee ui 1e critic/ şi eru1i7ie, ri0i+ite 34 uti5ii ci4ci0+reece !4i +ri4 !t3te! re&i0te 1e0+eci!it!te Nu &*5 0crie !ici 1e0+re *+er! ui NI @ere0cu D!r !5 7i4ut 0/ !5i4te0c c3t 1e *r)!4ic 0e e!)/*+er! 1e &i!7! ui @ere0cu şi 1e c*4ce+7iie ui 1e0+re eHi0te47/ şi 1e54it!te! *5uui A tr/it 34t*c5!i cu5cre1e! e c/ treuie 0/=şi tr/i!0c/ &i!7! u4 +*et 4utrit 1e &!*rie c!0ici05uui )rec*=!ti4 C341, ! treieci 1e !4i,! 0cri0 estinul împ$r$tesc al Poetului, şi=! 5/rturi0it, 34 c'i!r titu e0euui, 34tre!)! uiSB/c*4ce+7ie 1e0+re &i!7/, !1e&/r şi +*eie Cei 1*u/eci şi ci4ci 1e !4i +e c!re=i 5!i !&e! 0/=i tr/i!0c/, 1i4tre c!re&re* ş!+te0+reece 34 eHi, 4=!u f/cut 1ec3t 0/ c*4fir5e cre1i47! ui 1i4 ti4ere7e c/=7i +*7i +/0tr! 1e0ti4u35+/r/te0c c'i!r !tu4ci c341, 34 !f!r/ 1e !cri5i, 4u 7i=! 5!i r/5!0 4i5ic0Rom=nul, 4*ie5rie "#-".>@R> R'!@V'#E5OMENIA I KR:M:EQEA CEA DINTÎI

!uvînt înainteP!)i4ie !ce0te! 1e eHe)e/ e=!5 !0cut!t +e4tru 34t3i! *!r/ citite 1e e*r)e R!c*&e!4u Er! 34tr=* 1u+/=!5i!/1i4 0e+te5rie "#-", ! C! K*0c!ri, u41e !&e!u *c şe1i47ee C*4)re0uui I4ter4!7i*4! ! *ciet/7ii Ac!1e5iceR*5;4e Cu4*0c341 1e 5!i i4e 1e treieci 1e !4i +r*! f/r/ )reş, 1e40/ şi c!r/ ! ui R!c*&e!4u, şti!5 c/ *0e!5/ 1e *0er&!7ii, +reci/ri şi 4u!47e 35i &*r 0c/+! ! * +ri5/ ectur/ Cu ce ucurie !5 recitit !ce0t teHt0*5+tu*0 şi t*tuşi c*4ci0, !+r*!+e !c*4ic Nu 5/ 341*ie0c c/ eHe)e! ui R!c*&e!4u &! fi)ur! 34tr=* i !/turi1e !te i4ter+ret/ri c!0ice !e re!it/7ii r*5;4eşti 0e54!te 1e 4u5e iu0tre, 1e ! Mi'!i E5i4e0cu şi @!01eu !Luci!4 B!)! şi Mirce! Vuc/4e0cuC341&! 0e &! 0crie i0t*ri! cuturii r*5;4eşti !tfe 1ec3t ! +utut fi 0cri0/ e! +34/ !cu5 'dic$, o istorie integral$ acreativit$&ii geniului rom=nesc, iar nu e-clusiv a crea&iilor culte, livreşti+ Nu c/ !ce0te! 1i4 ur5/ 4=!r fii5+*rt!4te 0!u re+ree4t!ti&eG e 1e0tu 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 1e u4 E5i4e0cu 0!u B!)! +e4tru ! 4e 1! 0e!5! 1e&!*!re! şi 0e54ific!7i! *r D!r !0e5e4e! cre!7ii cute 0u4t, ! 4*i, 1e 1!t/ rece4t/ N*i 1e !i! !5 34ce+ut 0/

scriem bine rom=neşte+ P34/ ! E5i4e0cu, 5!*rit!te! i4teectu!i*r 4u şti!u 0/ 0crie rom=neşte, 1eşi, +r*!i, &*re!u 1e0tu 1e i4eG ce +u7i4 ! ei !c!0/, 34 0!tu 0!u 34 t3r)u *r, şti!u 0/ &*re!0c/ D!r !+r*!+e4i5e4i, +34/ ! E5i4e0cu, 4u 341r/4e! 0/ 0crie i5! &*rit/, 7/r/4e!0c/ Li5! 4*!0tr/ 0cri0/ ur5! 5*1ee



0trei4eF fie c!!+*1uY e*r)e R!c*&e!4u, @menia şi +frumuse&ea cea dintîi4, cu u4 !uvînt înainte 1e Mirce! Ei!1e (E1 Cu&34tu,Krei0i4).SBS&ec'i*r tr!1uceri 1i4 0!&*4eşte, fie 0tructur! i5i*r 1i4 c!re 0e tr!1u0e0e 34 uti5ee 1*u/ 0ec*e, !1ic/4e*)re!c/, it!i!4! şi fr!4ce! Pr*e5! e +re! c*5+eH/ +e4tru ! * +ute! 1e!te !ici De0tu 0/ 0+u4e5 c/

!ut*rii r*5;4i !u reuşit 0/ scrie bine rom=neşte 1e=!i! 1e ! E5i4e0cu 34c*!ce, !1ic/ 1e 5!i +u7i4 1e * 0ut/ 1e!4i Or, e i5+e1e c/ * cutur/ 347ee)341 +ri4 !ce0t ter5e4 eHcu0i& cre!7iie !ute4tice 4u 0e +*!te u1ec!4u5!i 1u+/ +r*1uc7ii !t3t 1e rece4tee &! 0crie, 1eci, 34tr=* i, i0t*ri! cuturii r*5;4e i4te)r!eF !1ic/ ! i40titu7ii*r şi cre1i47e*r, ! cre!7ii*ri4)&i0tice şi f*c*rice Re1u0/ 1*!r ! documentul scris, cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ şi 4u 4u5!i e! +!re 0/r!c/,ti5i1/, +r*&i4ci!/ De f!+t, 34 *ri*4tu cuturii 5*1er4e suntem +r*&i4ci!i C! şi !te cuturi 1i4 Eur*+!r/0/rite!4/, !5 35+ru5ut!t 5*1eee 1e ! ce4tru, 1i4 Occi1e4t C!5 t*t ce 0=! 0cri0 34 r*5;4eşte 1e ! c*!!!ti4i0t/ 34c*!ce 1e+i41e, 1irect 0!u i41irect, 1e ce 0=! 0cri0 34 Occi1e4t A0t! 4u 340e!54/ 4u5!i1ec3t i+0/ 1e*ri)i4!it!te Cutur! eur*+e!4/, !+r*!+e 34 t*t!it!te! ei, e0te reut!tu i5it!7iei cre!7ii*r efectu!te 34 c3te&!ce4tre 1i4 Occi1e4t Aut*rii ruşi !u 34&/7!t 5eşteşu)u +r*ei iter!re 1e ! fr!4cei şi e4)ei, 1!r u4D*0t*ie&0i 0!u u4 Ce'*& !u i4fue47!t ! r341u *r 34tre!)! iter!tur/ eur*+e!4/ Pr*!i c/ u4 fe4*5e4 !4!*)!r fi !&ut *c şi cu !4u5i7i +r*!t*ri, e0eişti şi )341it*ri r*5;4i 1!c/ 4=!r fi i4ter&e4it *cu+!7i! 0*&ietic/ Nutreuie 0/ uit/5 ?/ 34 R*5;4i! 0=! +utut cre! ier, !1ic/ f/r/ ! ur5/ri u4 *iecti& +*itic, 4u5!i 1u+/ 35+i4ire!

i1e!uui 4!7i*4!, şi +34/ 34 +re!5! ceui 1e=! 1*ie! r/*i 5*41i! Cu t*tu şi cu t*tu, c!5 &re* 1*u/eci 1e!4i I!r 0criit*rii r*5;4i !u 34ce+ut 0/ !i/ ! 1i0+*i7ie u4 i40tru5e4t 1e eH+re0ie !1e&/r!t 4u5!i 1e +e ! "8#$D!c/ 34 *ri*4tu cuturii eur*+e4e !5 r/5!0 +r*&i4ci!i, 4u e 4u5!i &i4! 4*!0tr/ I0t*ri! c!re 34 c!u4*0tru 5!i 340e!54/ şi i4c*4ştie47! +*itic/ ! Occi1e4tuui 4e=! /&*rit 1i4 4*u 34 34tu4eric, 5!i r/u 1ec3t !5f*0t /&*ri7i, 34 E&u Me1iu, +ri4 4/&/irie !r!ri*rD!r * cutur/ 4u 0e re1uce 4u5!i ! eH+re0iie ei 5*1er4e, !1ic/, 34 ceoe 1i4 ur5/, ! cre!7iie +er0*4!eDif4+*tri&;, !te47i! cercet/t*ri*r 0e 341re!+t/ t*t 5!i 5ut !0t/i 0+re cre!7iie tr!40=+er0*4!eF 5ituri,0i5*uri, 0tiuri 1e eHi0te47/, tr!1i7ii, f*c*r rei)i*0, !rte +*+u!re etc T*!te !ce0te! !c/tuie0c 34 feu *r t*tSBO!t3te! limba9e +ri4 c!re 0e eH+ri5/ )e4iu u4ui 4e!5 A0e5e4e! i5!e 0u4t u4i&er0!e, 34 0e40u c/ eere&ee!/ 5*1uri 1e ! fi 34 u5e, c*5+*rt!5e4te, 4*0t!)ii, u4i&er0uri i5!)i4!re c!re 4u 0u4t eHcu0i&e u4ui!4u5it +*+*r 0!u u4ui !4u5it 5*5e4t i0t*ric Ee !u u4 c!r!cter tr!40=i0t*ric şi !r'!ic D!t*rit/ !ce0t*r Ji5!e, cuturie 0u4t 1e0c'i0e şi +*t c*5u4ic! 34tre ee Pri4 340/şi 0tructur! *r, u4 0i5*, u4 5it, u4 5*1

1e ! fi 34 u5e 4u +*t fi +r*&i4ci!e, +e4tru c/ ee 4u 1e+i41 1e u4 ce4tru cutur!, 4u i5it/ u4 5*1e De!ici +ere4it!te! !ce0t*r i5!eF ee 4u 0t!u 0u 0e54u ti5+uui i0t*ric (c!re 1e5*1e!/, 34tr=* )e=4er!7ie=1*u/, 4*u/eci ! 0ut/ 1i4 cre!7iie i41i&i1u!e 5*1er4e. ci, !5 0+u4e, 0u 0e54u u4ui ti5+ tr!40=i0t*ric, ti5+ufer5ec!t ! 5ituri*r şi !05e*r, ti5+u 5!ri*r cicuri c*05ice, 1!r şi ci+! 34 c!re tr/ie0c 0fi47ii,c*4te5+!ti&ii, +*e7ii, *)*14iciiDi4tr=u4 !0e5e4e! i5! f!ce +!rte, !/turi 1e !t3te! !te 4*7iu4i, 4*0t!)ii şi 5*1uri 1e ! fi, şi c*4ce+tur*5;4e0c 1e omenie+ Nu &*i 34cerc! 0/ reu5 !ici i0cu0it! 'er5e4eutic/ ! ui R!c*&e!4u Nu &*i ştiri ucuri! citit*ruui 1e ! * 1e0c*+eri 0i4)ur Pri4 !0e5e4e! c*4triu7ii 0e +re)/teşte iu! c341 0e &! +ute! 0crieadev$rata i0t*rie ! 4e!5uui şi cuturii r*5;4eşti i 1e=!i! !ru4ci &*5 +ute! i4tere0!, 34 5*1 0i4cer şi +r*fu41,Occi1e4tu, ! c/rui !te47ie * i41ui5 !t3tP34/ !cu5 !5 34cerc!t 0/ trei5 i4tere0u Occi1e4tuui 5!i !e0 +ri4 5eritee şi 0!crificiie 4*!0tre i0t*rice(rei0te47! c*4tr/ turci*r. şi +ri4 +r*1uc7iie cuturii r*5;4eşti 5*1er4e Treuie 0/ recu4*!şte5 c/, 4e4*r*cuur5/ri41u=4e şi 1e 1!t! !ce!0t!, !5 eşu!t 34 !5ee c!uri Neiuti41 0/ 4e tr!1uce5 +*e7ii, iter!tur!

r*5;4e!0c/ 4=! i4tere0!t I4 cee! ce +ri&eşte 5i0iu4e! +e c!re şi=!u !0u5!t=* D*54ii r*5;4i 1e ! 7i4e +ie+tiureşuui *t*5!4, 34 0+er!47! c/ *cci1e4t!ii &*r 347ee)e, +34/ ! ur5/, c/ 35+i4e0c r*u +r*+riei *r !&!4)!r1e,1e!5/)ire! e şi 5!i 5!re Ne=!5 fi !şte+t!t c/, 1!c/ 4=!5 f*0t 347eeşi 1e şefii +*itici şi 5iit!ri 1e !cu5 c3te&!&e!curi, &*5 fi 347eeşi 5/c!r 1e i0t*ricii 1e !0t/i D!r, 1i4 4efericire, c*4ştii47! i0t*ri*)r!fic/ *cci1e4t!/ 4=!re7i4ut r*u po)itiv ! r*5;4i*r 34 i0t*ri! Eur*+ei=!r +ute! c! 34tr=* i, 4u +re! 1e+/rt!t/, ucrurie 0/ 0e 0c'i5e Occi1e4tu 34ce+e 0/ 0e i4tere0ee t*t 5!i 5ut1e !te 5*1uri 1e ! fi 34 i35e 1ec3t !e ui, 1e 0tructuri !4tr*+**)iceSB;tr!1i7i*4!e, 1e !te &!*ri cutur!e 1ec3t cee c!re=i 034t f!5ii!re =!r +ute! c! 34tr=* u4/ i, 1e0c*+eri41!1e&/r!t! 4*!0tr/ i0t*rie şi cutur/, *cci1e4t!ii 0/ 0e !u1e cu 4*i (c/ci, 34 f*41, şi 4*i t*t 1i4 Eur*+! f!ce5 +!rte. 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 0=!r fi /u1!t 1!c/ !5 fi 1!t u4 '!e0+e!re 0!u u4 D!4teC'ic!)* :4i&er0it"> !+riie "#-2i V' LEM' !' N# !LIP' I#*NI ' !R'(II fote pentru paserea m$iastr$4 Cete!5, 1eu4/i, 34 5!4u0cri0, c!rte! ui I*4e Ji!4u 1e0+re Br;4cuşi E0te, f/r/ 341*i!/, ce! 5!i c*5+et/ şi



5!i 347ee)/t*!re 5*4*)r!fie !0u+r! 5!reui 0cu+t*r r*5;4 M/ 34tre!5, ceti41=-, cu5 1e 4u 0=! i40i0t!t 5!i5ut !0u+r! ui Br;4cuşi, 34 7!r/, 34 ti5+u +*e5ici*r 34tre tr!1i7i*4!işti şi 5*1er4işti Nu 5/ refer !0tu1ii şi !rtic*e 0e54!te 1e criticii 4*ştri 1e !rt/, 1eşi 4ici !ce0te! 4=!u f*0t +re! 4u5er*!0e D!r c!uBr;4cuşi i4tere0! 1irect +r*e5!tic! cuturii r*5;4eşti 5*1er4e O+er! ui, şi 5!i !e0 i4tere0u +e c!re="0t3r4i0e e! +retuti41e4i, treui! 0/ 1e! 1e )341it, !t3t 5*1er4işti*r c3t şi tr!1i7i*4!işti*r i u4ii şi !7iitreui!u 0/ 347ee!)/ c/ +er0+ecti&ee 34 c!re 0e 0itu!u er!u +eri5!te şi c*4ce+tee +e c!re e 534ui!u er!u

i40uficie4te34tr=!1e&/r, i!t/ u4 0cu+t*r r*5;4 c!re, 34 "#$<, +e!c/, +e *0, 1e ! Mii4c'e4 ! P!ri0 şi 0e fiHe!/ !c**G 0eu+t/, c! !t37i! !7ii, cu 0/r/ci! şi f*!5e!G 3şi c!ut/, !4i 1e ie, i&*ru )e4iuui 0/u +r*+riu, 1e/r341u=0e, +er341, 1e t*!te i4fue47ee +e c!re e 0uferi0e 34 şc*i şi !teiereG şi 34 cee 1i4 ur5/ 0e i5+u4e +e +!4 5*41i! cu*+ere c!re +*!rt/ 4u5ee 1e Paserea m$iastr$, 0!u !umin&enia P$mîntului+ Di4tr=u4 !4u5it +u4ct 1e &e1ere,triu5fu ui Br;4cuşi !r +ute! fi i4ter+ret!t c! u4 triu5f ! f*c*ruui r*5;4e0c şi !r &!i1! !0tfe te!tr!1i7i*4!işti*r D!r, +e 1e !t/ +!rte, *+er! ui Br;4cuşi 0e 0itue!/ ! !&!4)!r1! !rtei 5*1er4e Pr*e5!cre!ti&it/7ii ui Br;4cuşi 1e+/şeşte, !ş!1!r, c!1ru *+*i7iei 0tere*ti+e şi 1e0uete tr!1i7i*4!i05 5*1er4i05Br;4cuşi ! tr/it >$ 1e !4i 34 ce 5!i c*05*+*it *r!ş 1i4 u5e, 1!r ! tr/it !c** eHi0te47! u4ui 7/r!4 r*5;4 3i +/ce! 0/=şi f!c/ 0i4)ur 5/5/i)!, 3şi 1eretec! 0i4)ur !teieru, c'i!r c341 !u40e0eSB<ceeru şi *)!t, şi 5!re! ui ucurie er! 0/ +etre!c/ ! feuritee f*ire0 1i4 c!rtieree 5/r)i4!şe !e P!ri0uui,

34 c!re re)/0e! 1e0i)ur !t5*0fer! t3r)uui şi M*şi*r 1i4 !1*e0ce47! şi ti4ere7e! ui C! 0/ 35+ru5uteH+re0i! +ri4 c!re Ze&e1ei B!ru 1efi4e! +e Luci!4 B!)!, Br;4cuşi ! f*0t u4 0/te!4 340tr/i4!t 4u5!i )e*)r!=ficeşte Deşi ! tr/it 34 *r!şu tutur*r iert/7i*r şi 1*341i0e +re0ti)iu !rti0tuui 1e !&!4)!r1/ recu4*0cut 1ecritic! şi +uicu i4ter4!7i*4!, Br;4cuşi ! 1u0 * &i!7/ 5*c*5/, f/r/ !&e4turi, i!r ee5e4tu er*tic !+r*!+e c/ 4u *!c/ r* 34 !rt! 0! A0t! e0te 34c/ * tr/0/tur/ c!r!cteri0tic/ 7/r!4uui C/ci, 1u+/ cu5 0e ştie, er*ticu e0te i)4*r!t0!u 1e+reci!t 34 !rt! +*+u!r/ eur*+e!4/D!c/ 0=!r !4!i! cutur! (!1ic/ 34&/7/tur! 1e ti+ *cci1e4t!. ! Iui Br;4cuşi, 0=!r &e1e! c3t er! e! 1e 0u5!r/Br;4cuşi 4u cete! 5ut, şi +ri4tre +u7i4ee c/r7i +e c!re e +/0tr! şi e recete!, 5!*rit!te! er!u !e +riete4i*r ui0criit*ri, 34 +ri5u r341 !e ui ui!u5e A+*i4!ire C'i!r f!+tu c/ 4u=i +/ce! !)4er, 4ici Mic'e!4)e*, c/i)4*r! +e *et'e 0!u R!ci4e e 0e54ific!ti& Aceşti tit!4i re+rei4t/, !/turi 1e !7i c37i&!, cutur! *cci1e4t!/, i!rBr;4cuşi 4u=şi +r*+u0e0e 0/ !0i5iee şi 0/ !0u5e !ce!0t/ cutur/ Ju1ec!t 34tr=* +er0+ecti&/ !c!1e5ic/,Br;4cuşi er! u4 0e5i1*ct D!r er! !0tfe +e4tru c/ 0e 0itu!0e 34tr=u4 !t *ri*4t 0+iritu! 1ec3t ce ! cuturii*cci1e4t!e 5*1er4e

E&i1e4t, 1!c/ 4=!r fi f*0t 1ec3t u4 0i5+u 7/r!4, 4u5!i )e*)r!=ficeşte 340trei4!t, Br;4cuşi 4=!r fi cre!t *+eree cuc!re 0e f/e0c !0t/i t*!te 5!rie 5uee 1i4 u5e D!r Br;4cuşi 4=! !cce+t!t 0/ i5ite cre!7iie f*c*ricer*5;4eşti, !ş! cu5 e i5it!0er/, 34 7!r/, 5!*rit!te! tr!1i7i*4!işti*r D!c/ ! f/cut ef*rtu 0/ uite ce 34&/7!0e !şc*!/, 4u "=! f/cut c! 0/ 0e 1e!re 1e !c!1e5i05 şi 0/ 0e i40t!ee 34tr=u4 u4i&er0 f*c*ric 0ti Bru5/re0cuBr;4cuşi ! 347ee0 c/ i5it!7i! *+ere*r 1e !rt/ +*+u!r/ e0te t*t !t3t 1e 0teri/ +e c3t e0te i5it!7i! cre!7ii*r cute E3şi +r*+u4e! 0/ re)/0e!0c/ i&*ru 1e i40+ir!7ie 1i4 c!re 0e 4/0cu0er/ şi u4ee şi cee!teÎ47ee+ciu4e! 7/r/4e!0c/ ! ui Br;4cuşi i=! 34)/1uit 0/ re)/0e!0c/ 5!tc! !rtei +*+u!re r*5;4eşti, !1ic/&iiu4e! u5ii +r*+rie !)ricut*ri*r 1i4 4e*itic Cu5 ! iutit Br;4cuşi 0/ recu+eree eH+erie47eefu41!5e4t!e !e *!5e4i*r &3r0tei 1e +i!tr/ c*40tituie * +r*e5/ +!0i*4!4t/, +e c!re 4u * +ute5 1i0cut! 344*tee 1e f!7/ D!r e e&i1fe4t c/ Br;4cuşi 0e !+r*+i! 1e 5!terie şi 34 +ri5u r341 1e +i!tr/, cu 0e40iiit!te!!+r*!+e rei)i*!0/ ! *5uu 1i4 4e*itic Pe4tru !ce0t!, 5!teri!, 5!i !e0 +i!tr!, er!SBC 5i0teri*!0/ şi 5ir!cu*!0/ +e4tru c/ 34c*r+*r! 0!cr!it!te! şi 1eci +utere!, 4*r*cu, i341! Re1e0c*+eri41

5!teri! c! 5!tc/ ! e+if!4ii*r şi 0e54ific!7ii*r rei)i*!0e, Br;4cuşi ! re)/0it e5*7iie şi i40+ir!7iie !rti0tuui1i4 e+*cie !r'!ice A iutit, !0tfe, 0/ creee * u5e 1e f*r5e *5**)!i/ !t3t !rte*r +rei0t*rice şi +ri5iti&e,c3t şi ce*r +*+u!reE i4uti 0/ 0e c!ute i4fue47! !rtei 4e)re 34 0cu+tur! ui Br;4cuşi, u4/*!r/ 34 !umin&enia P$mî"tului+ Cu5 +re! i4e ! !r/t!t I*4e Ji!4u, *+er! !ce!0t! 3şi )/0eşte +r*t*ti+u 34 !rt! 7/r/4e!0c/ r*5;4e!0c/ şi 34 +!0tic! +rei0t*ric/ eur*+e!4/ P/tru4341 f*!rte !134c 34 trecut, Br;4cuşi ! re)/0it fr/)ei5e!, 0+*4t!4eit!te!, e!titu1i4e! !rti0tuui 0*ciet/7i*r !r'!ice, fie +rei0t*rice, fie +ri5iti&e 0!u +*+u!re Acee!şi te41i47/ 1e!*ire ! istoriei recente ! artelor şi 1e rei4te)r!re ! 4!i&it/7ii &re5uri*r !ur*r!e c!r!cterie!/ 34tre!)!5işc!re !rti0tic/ c*4te5+*r!4/ D!r !0t! 4u f!ce 1ec3t 0/ c*4fir5e !ute4ticit!te! eH+erie47ei !rti0tice ! uiBr;4cuşi Tru1i41u=0e t*!t/ &i!7! 0/ 0e )/0e!0c/ +e 0i4e 34 u5ie 1i0+/rute !e 0tr/5*şi*r, Br;4cuşi 0=! 1*&e1it34tr=!1e&/r contemporan 5*5e4tuui 0/u i0t*ric Pe4tru c/ e+*c! ui Br;4cuşi ! f*0t +ri4 eHcee47/ e+*c!1e0c*+eriri*r şi eH+*!t/rii 0tr/fu41uri*r P0i'!4!i! ! 1e0c*+erit şi ! 34ce+ut 0/ eH+*ree *ce!4u 4e5/r)i4it! i4c*4ştie4tuui, et4**)i! ! !1u0 ! u5i4/ u5i +rei0t*rice, fi**fi! ! re1e0c*+erit &!i1it!te! cu4*!şterii0i5*ice, +re=r!7i*4!eI4 !teieru ui, şefui41 cu * r/1!re 7/r/4e!0c/ * 4*u/ &!ri!4t/ ! Paserii m$iestre, Br;4cuşi 4u şti! 5!re ucru



1e0+re t*!te !ce0te 34cerc/ri !e *5uui 5*1er4 1e ! +/tru41e t*t 5!i !134c 34 +rei0t*ri! ui cutur!/ şi +0i'ic/,1e ! !ti4)e +ri5*r1i!u, )er5e4ii, 5i0teru 34ce+uturi*r cre!ti&it/7ii u5!4e Nu şti! 5!re ucru, şi 4ici 4=!&e!4e&*ie 0/ ştie e u+t!0e şi e, t*!t/ &i!7!, cu !ce!şi 5i0ter şi reuşi0e 0/=" 1e0cifree, 5/c!r 34 +!rte /0i0e1ru5u c/tre e 340uşi, c!re er! 34 !ce!şi ti5+ 1ru5u c/tre 0tr/5*şii ui 1i4 &3r0t! 1e +i!tr/, 1!r şi 155uci*+it*ri*r şi 5eşteri*r !fric!4i 0!u 5e!4eie4i, şi !ce ! u4ui Pic!00* De0c*+eri0e !0tfe 5i*cu 5ir!cu*01e ! 0e 05u)e 1i4 ti5+u i0t*ric şi 1e ! rei4te)r! 34ce+uturie C! *rice 5!re !rti0t, şti! 0/ &!1/ Lu5e! c! 34

ci+! 1i4t3i ! Cre!7ieiY!uvMulîn e-il, !u)u0t "#-2.SBF VII* 3L>#'R4 Pr*fe0*ru I0'i* ! 0t!t c3te&! ie 34 C!5+u0 L=!5 cu4*0cut ! T**, =!5 34t34it 5ereu 34 ti5+uC*4)re0uui, !+*i !5 f*0t ! e41!i, i4&it!t 1e e şi 1e @*ri 0/ 7i4 * c*4feri47/ 1e0+re Met*1**)i! I0t*rieiRei)ii*r I0'i* 35i 0+u4e c/ &iit! 5e! ! e41!i ! !u40 e)e41!r/ 34tr=!1e&/r, ucrurie 0=!u 34t35+!t !ş!Tre4u +ec! +e ! trei, şi ! 1*u/, I0'i*, @*ri şi u4 34tre) )ru+ 1e 0tu1e47i !u &e4it 0/ 5/ i! 1e ! '*te L! )!r/4i 0=! 0+u0 c/, 1!t*rit/ uti5uui t!ifu4, re)iu4e! 1i4 4*r1 e i4u41!t/ şi tre4u &! !&e! * 34t3riere 1e circ! u4ce!0 Ne=!5 1u0 cu t*7ii 34 re0t!ur!4tu )/rii, ! et!, !5 cerut c!fe! şi !5 c*4ti4u!t 1i0cu7i! 1e0+re 5et*=1**)ie Cu5 0tu1e47ii 4u 347ee)e!u +re! i4e e4)eeşte, 5/ *+re!5 1i4 c341 34 c341, şi @*ri 0!u I0'i* ereu5!u 34 !+*4e/ cee ce 0+u4e!5 :4u 1i4 0tu1e47i c**r! ! r/0ti5+uri c! 0/ 0e i4f*r5ee 1e !+r*+iere!tre4uui (Ni 0e 0+u0e0e c/ !r +ute! c3şti)! ece, ci4ci0+reece 5i4ute. D!r ! u4 5*5e4t 1!t 1i0cu7i! 0e

340ufe7eşte (Le &*re!5, cre1, 1e0+re i4ter+ret!re! 5ituri*r. Nu ştiu cu5 ! +utut trece u4 ce!0 şi u5/t!te 35i!1uc 340/ şi !cu5 !5i4te fi)ur! 0+eri!t/ ! f34/ruui 0tu1e4t, 34 uş! re0t!ur!4tuui, 0tri)341u=4e c/ tre4u i4tr/c'i!r !tu4ci 34 )!r/ A5 c**r3t 34tr=* ci+/, t*c5!i c341 +*r4e! tre4u şi !5 34cerc!t c'i!r 0/=" +ri41 1i4 fu)/,1!r 5/ !f!5 +e u4 !t +er*4, şi 4=!5 reuşit 0/=" !u4)34f35+!re! ! 1e&e4it e)e41!r/ +e4tru c/ !şte+t!0e5 tre4u u4 ce!0 şi u5/t!te N*r*c c/, +e ! ş!0e, er! u4!&i*4 0+re T** 34 c3te&! 5!şi4i, 4e=!5 341re+t!t i5e1i!t 0+re !er*1r*5 C! 0/ e&ite *rice ri0c, I0'i* şi cu@*ri 5=!u i40t!!t c'i!r ! !rier! u41e 0t! 0cri0F T** şi !+r*!+e 4=!u 5!i 1e0c'i0 )ur! t/5 t*7i +e !4c/,cu *c'ii +e !ce! t!e/ c!re +urt! cu&34tu 5!)icF T**0!uvîntul, 5!rtie "#-6.

PR@VI#!I'LI%M MI*@L@>I! 0 C*4ce+tu 1e Le)e N!tur!/, +e c!re =!5 34&/7!t 1e ! )reci, e0te !*it 1e 5!rHi05 34 *cu ui e i4tr*1u0/I0t*ri!, !1ic/F u+t! 1e c!0/ Orice u4i&er0!i05, 34 !f!r/ 1e ce +e c!re= &! i40t!ur! 1ict!tur! +r*et!ri!tuui, ec*5+r*5i0G 5!i )r!&, e c*40i1er!t u4 *0t!c* 34 1ru5u e5!4ci+/rii +r*et!ri!tuui

SB Nu cre1 c/ ! &/ut ci4e&! +34/ !cu5 c/ 5!rHi05u rei4tr*1uce 34 *cu Le)ii N!tur!e +r*&i4ci!i05ee5it**)ice 1e 1i4!i4te 1e 0t*ici 34 *cu u4ei 0tructuri u4i&er0!e şi r!7i*4!e !&e5 !cu5 u4 5it, !1ic/ *I0t*rie eHe5+!r/, e!*r!t/ 1e * !4u5it/ c!0/ 0*ci!/, 34tr=u4 !4u5it 5*5e4t i0t*ric, 34tr=* !4u5it/ cutur/,şi +r*iect!t/ c! singurul 'dev$r şi singurul estin posibil+ E0te cee! ce 4u5e0c=eu +r*&i4ci!i05 5it**)icC/ci şi 5it**)iie +ri5iti&e, 1eşi eH+re0ii !e u4ui tri 0!u u4ei +r*&i4cii cutur!e, 0e +reti41 u4i&er0! &!i1eT*!te c/tu4ee 0e )/0e0c 34 Ce4tru Lu5ii Orice şef 1e tri e u4 C*05*cr!t*r etc Pri&ite 1i4 !f!r/, !0e5e4e!eH+re0ii cutur!e 0u4t +r*&i4ci!e D!r 5!rHiştii 4u !cce+t/ 0/ 0e +ri&e!0c/ 1i4 !f!r/ Ei 0e recu4*0c c!34tru+341 0i4)uru 0e40 +*0ii ! I0t*riei

Religia popular$ greac$ 5!i +reci0F 5e1iter!4e!4/ ! 0u+r!&ie7uit, 0u &e0t534t creşti4, +34/ 34 &re5urie4*!0tre 34 Me1iter!4!, 34 B!c!4i, 34 It!i! 1e u1 etc re)/0i5 34c/ !4u5ite te5e rei)i*!0e cret!4e şie)ee4e E, 34 +!rte, cee! ce 4u5e0c eu rei)i! c*05ic/ emeter 0u+r!&ie7uieşte 34 f*c*r, 34 ti5+ ce eus !1i0+/rut 1e 5ut

D!r 34 ce fe ! 1i0+/rut, e şi t*7i eii '*5erici, şi t*t ce 0e e)! 1e rei)i*it!te! *i5+ic/^ Au 1i0+/rut 1i4eH+erie47! rei)i*!0/, 1!r, 1!t*rit/ ui @*5er şi )e4iuui )rece0c, şi=!u )/0it *c 34 cutur! eur*+e!4/ K!c +!rte1i4 5*şte4ire! eru1it/ ! *ric/rui eur*+e!4 A0tfe c/ 0e +*!te 0+u4e c/ reci! ! fecu41!t +e 1*u/ +!4uriEur*+!F Pri4 rei)i! +*+u!r/ (+re=i41*eur*+e!4/., !0i5i!t/ 1e f*c*r şi creşti4i05u 7/r/4e0c (rei)iec*05ic/.G +ri4 Oi5+ici, !0i5i!7i 1e litterati şi cutur! i&re0c/ *cci1e4t!/

Pesimismul "omeric+ 34 0+eci! +e0i5i05u +*e7i*r i*4ie4iF !i i5+re0i! c/, +e4tru ei, eii 0=!u retr!0, !u 1e&e4itdei otiosi, 0e 1ei4tere0e!/ 1e 0*!rt! *5uui, 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 +ri5iti&ii cre1 c/ Du54eeu, 1u+/ ce ! cre!tC*05*0u şi *5u, 0=! 1et!ş!t 1e +r*+ri! ui cre!7ie şi 0=! retr!0 34 ce 5!i 34!t Cer, ! 1e&e4itdeus otiosus+D!r, ! +ri5iti&i, *cu Zeuui u+re5 =!u u!t !te Ki)uri 1i&i4e (M!)4! M!ter, De5iur)u etc. eH+re0ii !e0!cr!it/7ii C*05*0uui şi ! Vie7ii :it341 +e Du54eeu !1e&/r!t, +ri5iti&ii 0e 534)3ie cu &e4er!re!1i&i4it/7i*r *+ue47ei şi fertiit/7ii L! i*4ie4i, +r*ce0u e 5ut 5!i r!1ic!F c'i!r !ce0te 1i&i4it/7i 0ecu41!re 0=!u 1e+/rt!t 1e *5, 0u4t i41ifere4te 0*!rtei ui 34 *cu te*f!4ii*r c*05ice i*4ie4ii eH!t/ &i!7!, 0/4/t!te!,ti4ere7e!, 1r!)*0te!, !1ic/ cee! ce r/534e c341 !ce0te te*f!4ii 0u4t 1e0!cr!i!teSBA +



D!r 1e ce 0u4t !t3t 1e tr!)ici, !t3t 1e +e0i5işti +*e7ii !ceşti! i*4ie4i^ De0c*+erire! +e4itu1i4ii şi ucuriei &ie7ii !rfi treuit 0/ c*41uc/, 1i5+*tri&/, ! * c*4ce+7ie u5i4*!0/ ! eHi0te47eiPr*!i c/ *5u 4u 0e +*!te ucur! 1e 1!rurie &ie7ii, 1!c/ 4u e !0u5/ c! 4işte 0e54e &e4ite 1e 1i4c**

Parado-F recii, 1e0+re c!re 0+u4e5 c/ iue!u &i!7!, eHi0te47! 34tru+!t/, f*r5! +erfect/ !&e!u c! i1e! 1e0u+r!&ie7uire, 0u+r!&ie7uire! i4teectuui +ur (0+iritu, nous2+Creşti4ii c!re, 34 !+!re47/, 0u4t !0ce7i şi 1i0+re7uie0c tru+u, i40i0t/ !0u+r! 4ece0it/7ii 34&ierii tru+uui şi 4u

c*4ce+ e!titu1i4e! +!r!1i0i!c/ f/r/ reu4ire! 0ufetuui cu tru+u0!uvîntul, 5!rtie "#-6. %*I#EL LEI H'%E Nu e0te i+0it 1e 0e54ific!7ie f!+tu c/ re+ree4t!47ii 1e fru4te !i tr!1i7i*4!i05uui şi 4!7i*4!i05uui r*5;4e0c!u f*0t, c! 0/ f**0e0c eH+re0i! ui Luci!4 B!)!, *!5e4i u4i&er0!iE5i4e0cu, @!01eu, I*r)! 0!u Luci!4 B!)! !u creut, fiec!re 34 feu ui, c/ * cutur/ r*5;4e!0c/ !ute4tic/treuie 0/ fie 4!7i*4!/G !1ic/ treuie 0/ fructifice şi 0/ +reu4)e!0c/ tr!1i7iie 0+iritu!e !e 4e!5uui D!r!1eiu4e! !ce!0t! ! tr!1i7ie 4u i=! +r*&i4ci!i!t Pu7i4i cre!t*ri 0!u c/rtur!ri r*5;4i !u reuşit 0/ 1e+/şe!0c/ +r*&i4ci!i05u cutur! 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re !u f/cut=* E5i4e0cu, @!01eu, I*r)!, Luci!4 B!)! Cee! cei5+re0i*4e!/ +e *rice cercet/t*r 0tr/i4 ! iter!turii 4*!0tre e0te &!0tit!te! şi 0*i1it!te! cuturii !ce0t*rtr!1i7i*4!işti Pr*&i4ci! 4u +!re E5i4e0cu, ci M!ce1*40i I!r 34 iee 4*!0tre, +r*&i4ci!i05u cutur! 4u=")/0i5 ! Luci!4 B!)! ci, u4/*!r/, ! u4 Mi'!i R!e!A5 !&ut 5!i 1e 5ute *ri +rieu 0/ 1i0cut te40iu4e! 34tre tr!1i7i*4!işti şi 5*1er4işti 34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/,

şi !r fi i4uti 0/ re&i4 34c/ * 1!t/ !0u+r! !ce0tei +r*e5e D!r c! 0/ +re34t35+i4 * e&e4tu!/ 4e347ee)ere, +recie c/ *0er&!7iie 1e f!7/ 4u c*40tituie * critic/ !1u0/ 5*1er4işti*r Aceşti! 1i4 ur5/ şi=!u !&ut şi eir*u 34 creştere! şi !rticu!re! cuturii r*5;4eşti D!r 4u e 5!i +u7i4 0ur+ri4/t*r f!+tu c/ 5i47ie cee 5!i &!0teşi &iiu4ie cee 5!i 341r/4e7e 4u e 34t34eşti, cu5 te=!i fi !şte+t!t,S/B! cei c!re &*i!u * cutur/ r*5;4e!0c/ 1e ti+ *cci1e4t!, !1ic/ ru+t/ 1e tr!1i7iie ei 7/r/4eşti şi r/0/rite4e, ci !!1&er0!rii *rO +ri5/ eH+ic!7ie ! !ce0tui +!r!1*H !r +ute! fi ur5/t*!re!F 5*1er4iştii, f!0ci4!7i 1e +r*)re0ee Occi1e4tuuişi +i4i 1e 341*iei !0u+r! +*0iiit/7i*r 1e cre!7ie !e 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, 0ufere!u 1e t*t feu 1e c*5+eHe 1ei4feri*rit!teF c! !t!re, 4u 341r/4e!u 0/ &i0ee, 4ici +e4tru ei, 4ici +e4tru 4e!5u 1i4 c!re f/ce!u +!rte, ş!4tiere0+iritu!e 34 c!re 0/ 34c!+/ u5e! t*!t/ (!ş! cu5 &i0!0er/, u4/*!r/, Mi4!i E5i4e0cu, @!01eu 0!u Luci!4 B!)!.=!u 5u7u5it, !tu4ci, cu u4 5*1e0t +r*&i4ci!i05 cutur!, 34firi+!t +ri4 i5it!7i! 5*1ee*r *cci1e4t!eDi5+*tri&/, tr!1i7i*4!iştii şi 4!7i*4!iştii, e4tui!05!7i 1e +*0iiit/7ie 4e0f3rşite +e c!re e )'ice!u 34

+*+*ru r*5;4e0c, 4u 0e 341ur!u 0/ fiHee i5ite curi*it/7ii şi cre!ti&it/7ii *r cutur!ePr*e5! er! 340/ 5!i c*5+ic!t/ 1ec3t +!re ! +ri5! &e1ere Cee! ce c!r!cterie!/ +e cei 5!i 34e0tr!7i 1i4tretr!1i7i*4!işti e0te !0e47! *ric/rui c*5+eH 1e i4feri*rit!te, 5!i !e0 ! c*5+eHuui 1e i4feri*rit!te f!7/ 1eOcci1e4t M341ri! c!re r/!te 34 E5i4e0cu, 34 @!01eu, I*r)! 0!u Luci!4 B!)! e0te 34!i4te 1e t*!te 5341ri! 1e !fi r*5;4 Nu 4u5!i c/ 4u e er! ruşi4e 1e 4!7i! *r, 1!r 0*c*te!u * 5!re ci40te, şi u4 5!re 4*r*c, f!+tu 1e ! 0e fi4/0cut r*5;4i C! şi cu5 !r fi +re0i57it c/ 34 4e!5u *r !c c*5*ri 4e/4uite şi er!u ferici7i c/ 0*!rt! 3i!e0e0e +e ei c! 0/ e !1uc/ ! u5i4/Aici 0e 34tre&e1e, 1e*1!t/, 5/re7i! tr!)ic/ ! 1e0ti4uui & @!01eu 'ici0e c*5*rie c!re /ce!u uit!te 340ufetu şi i0t*ri! 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, şi 0e 0i57i0e 34 0t!re 0/ e eH+*ree D!r c! 0/ e +*!t/ !1uce ! u5i4/,4u=i er! 1e=!u40 )e4iu, i4tei)e47! şi +utere! ui 1e 5u4c/ Treui! 1e !0e5e4e! 0/ 0t/+34e!0c/ u4 4u5/rc*40i1er!i 1e ştii47e şi 1i0ci+i4e A !&ut ti5+ 0/ e 34&e7e şi 0/ e f**0e!0c/ +e t*!te 34 cercet/rie uii4)&i0tice şi i0t*rice D!r 0*!rt! 4u i=! 34)/1uit 0/=şi 1uc/ ! u4 0f3rşit *+eree cee 5!i 1e 0e!5/ Ce&! 5!i5utF t34/r 34c/, 0cri0e0e u4 &*u5 1e +*eii, * u4)/ şi !15ir!i/ 4u&e/, uduca.Mamuca şi R$)van şi Vidra+

T*!te !u f*0t 0cri0e 34!i4te 1e re&*u7i! 0tii0tic/ şi iter!r/ +r*&*c!t/ 1e triu5fu +*0tu5 ! ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu şi t*tuşi, !t3t +r*! c3t şi +*ei! ui @!01eu rei0t/ şi !0t/iG 4u +!r 1e5*1!te şi 4e0e54ific!ti&e, c! 5!*rit!te! +r*1uc7iei +re=e5i4e0cie4e A0t! 5/ f!ce 0/ cre1 c/ 1!c/ 4=!r fi +/r/0it !t3t 1e cur341 iter!tur!, @!01eu !r fi!u40 u4u 1i4 5!rii 4*ştri 0criit*ri !i 0ec*uui !S//gg=e! D!r ! +/r/0it iter!tur! c! 0/ 0e +*!t/ 1e1ic! +e 1e=!=4tre=)u i0t*riei şi fi**)iei, !ş! cu5,ci4ci0+reece !4i 5!i t3riu, 5*!rte! Iuiei 3 &! f!ce 0/ 4e)iee, !+*i 0/ +/r/0e!0c/ 1efi4iti& i0t*ri! şi fi**)i!Di4tre cei +!tru 5!ri tr!1ifi*4!işti=*!5e4i u4i&er0!i +e c!re 3i cit!5 ! 34ce+utu !ce0tui !rtic*, 1e0ti4u ui@!01eu ! f*0t ce 5!i )r!41i*0, 1!r şi ce 5!i tr!)ic (M/ refer, 5!i !e0, ! 1e0ti4u cutur! 4u 4u5!i ! ce i*)r!fic. Di4tr=u' !4u5it +u4ct 1e &e1ere, +*!te fi c*5+!r!t cu 1e0ti4u ui E5i4e0cu i u4u şi !tu !u cre!t5ut 5!i +u7i4 1ec3t !u &i0!t 34 ti4ere7e (şi !r fi +utut. 0/ creee /r/ci!, 5u4c! i0t*&it*!re, *0e0i! +erfec7iu4ii,1!r 5!i !e0 *!! şi 5*!rte! ui ti5+urie !u ciu4tit, fru0tr!t şi 5/r)i4it 34 c'i+ tr!)ic cre!ti&it!te!ui E5i4e0cu Cre!ti&it!te! ui @!01eu 4u 4u5!i ce! iter!r/, ci cre!ti&it!te! cutur!/ 34 )e4er! ! f*0t0t/&iit/ şi 1i5i4u!t/ 1e 340/şi *)/7i! +*0iiit/7i*r ui Pe4tru c/ &*i! 0/ !1uc/ ! u5i4/ t*!te &!*rier*5;4eşti, er! 0iit 0/ 1ee)e 0i4)ur t*!te +r*e5ee 1e i0t*rie, i5/, 0*ci**)ie şi f*c*r +e c!re e 34t34e! 34



cur0u cercet/ri*r ui i 4u5/ru +r*e5e*r creşte! +e 5/0ur/ ce er!u re*&!te M!i !e0 c/, +!0i*4!t 1e*ri)i4i şi 34ce+uturi, @!01eu 4u 0e 5u7u5i0e cu 0tu1iu !+r*fu41!t ! i0t*riei şi i5ii r*5;4eşti, ci trecu0e! i4)&i0tic! !c!4ic/ şi i41*=eur*+e!4/, 0e i4tere0! 1e +rei0t*rie, 0e !&34t! 34 *rie4t!i0tic/, 1i!ect**)ie şif*c*r C/ci !ce0t 4!7i*4!i0t c!re 0cri0e0eF ,Pu7i4 4e +!0/ 1e *te4t*7i şi ir*c'ei, citi0e *"e Primitive !ulture! ui EB T!*r 4u5!i ! u4 !4 1u+/ !+!ri7ie, citi0e end.'vesta şi Epanişadele, şi !&e! 34 ii*tec! ui t*!te&*u5ee +34/ !tu4ci !+/rute 1i4 T'e !cre1 B**0 *f t'e E!0t

Deşi fu)er!t ! 34ce+utu 5!turit/7ii ui 0+iritu!e, Mi4!i E5i4e0cu ! !&ut ti5+ 0/ creee c3te&! c!+*1*+ere Ni5e4i 4u 341r/4eşte 0/=şi 34c'i+uie ce=!r fi 0cri0 E5i4e0cu 1!c/ !r5!i fi tr/it 34c/ ece, ci4ci0+reece !4i,0/4/t*0 şi cu +3i4e! 1e t*!te iee !0i)ur!t/ D!r 4e 534)3ie5 c/ ce +u7i4 e-ist$ &*u5u 1e Poe)ii, şi %$rmanul

ionis, şi !e)ara, şi !rtic*ee +*itice C!u ui @!01eu e0te 340/ 5!i tr!)ic Deşi ! tr/it +34/ !+r*!+e 1eş!+teeci 1e !4i, şi ! +uic!t u4 r!ft 34tre), @!01eu 4=! !+uc!t 0/ ter5i4e 4ici u4 opus magnum+ E&i1e4t, t*t ce ! +uic!t 1i4 Istoria !ritic$ 0!u 1i4 tymologicum Magnum Romaniae, ! f*0t şi e0te 34c/ eHtre5 1e +re7i*0I0t*ri*)r!fi! şi fi**)i! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/ 0=!u c/1it 34 u4/ +!rte +e te5eiie +u0e 1e @!01eu A f*0t u4 +re5er)/t*r şi u4 +i*4ier 34 t*!te 1i0ci+i4ee i0t*rice şi i4)&i0ticeS/SD!r, !5i4ti41 c/ 4=! ter5i4!t 4iciu4! 1i4 c!+*1*+eree 34ce+ute, 4u &re!u 0/ re+et i4ecu4*0cutee cişeec/ @!01eu 0=! ri0i+it +re! 5ut 0!u c/ ! 35r/7iş!t +re! 5ute 1*5e4ii D!c/ 4e +ute5 34c'i+ui c/ !r fi +utut1uce ! u4 0f3rşit Istoria !ritic$ 0!u Principiile de ilologie comparativ$ ario.europea, e0te !+r*!+e 0i)ur c/ 4=!r fi +utut ter5i4! Magnum tymologicum, c'i!r 1!c/ !r 5!i fi ucr!t ! e 34c/ treieci 1e !4i Nici u4 *5 4=!r fi

+utut 1uce, 0i4)ur, ! c!+/t * !0e5e4e! uri!ş/ 34tre+ri41ere Nici 5/c!r Nic*!e I*r)! D!c/ !r fi f*0t fi**), şi!r fi &*it 0/ f!c/ u4 Dic7i*4!r 34 ece 0!u 1*u/eci 1e &*u5e, N I*r)! =!r fi ter5i4!tG !ş! cu5, trecut 1e ş!ieci1e !4i, ! ter5i4!t 34 &re* ci4ci, ş!0e !4i cee ece &*u5e !e Istoriei Rom=nilor+ D!c/ 4=!r fi f*0t Magnum

tymologicum +e c!re=" +/4ui0e şi=" 34ce+u0e @!01euF fiec!re eHe5+u cue0 +er0*4! 1i4 5iie 1e c/r7i şi1*cu5e4te, tr!40cri0 5i)/*0 1e +e fiş/ +e c*!! 1e '3rtie, c*5e4t!t +e 341eete, cu t*!te referi47ee ii*)r!fice&erific!teG re1!ct341 u4e*ri !rtic*e u4)i c3t * r*şur/G !4)!341u=0e 34 1i0cu7ii 5et*1**)ice +urt341 !0u+r!4u5i05!ticii, 1i!ect**)iei, f*c*ruui, +rei0t*riei etc, etc :4 !0e5e4e! Magnum tymologicum 4u=" +ute!0crie 1ec3t @!01eu i treuie 0/ 4e c*40i1er/5 ferici7i c/ ! !+uc!t 0/ +uice !cee * 5ie şi 5!i i4e 1e +!)i4i,1eşi ee re+rei4t/ 1*!r ! 1*u/ece! +!rte 1i4 *+er! +e c!re * +/4ui0e @!01euDe !tfe, !ş! cu5 *0er&! 1 E L**&!4 (cf Lere1it! 1i B*)1!4 Petriceicu=@!01eu, 'cta P"ilologica, I,R*5!, "#>8, ++ -6 0?., Dic7i*4!ru Ac!1e5iei R*5;4e 4=! f*0t ter5i4!t 4ici +34/ 34 iu! 1e !i, 1eşi !u ucr!t! e A P'ii++i1e ("8#%="#$>., eHti Puşc!riu ("#$-="#<$., I*r)u I*r1!4 ("#<-="#>2., şi +!4u i4i7i! ! f*0t4ec*4te4it re1u0 ! +r*+*r7ii 1i4 ce 34 ce 5!i 5*1e0te Tr!)e1i! ui @!01eu 0e 1!t*reşte 34 u4/ +!rte )e4iuui

0/u 1e 0tructur/ e4cic*+e1ic/ O5u !ce0t! ! &*it 0/ cu4*!0c/, 0/ f!c/ şi 0/ 0crie tot şi c3t 5!i !+r*!+e 1e perfec&ie+ I*r)! 4=! 0uferit 4ici*1!t/ 1e u4 !0e5e4e! +erfec7i*4i05 A0t! i=! 34)/1uit 0/=şi c*4ti4ue i5e40! +r*1uc7ie !ş! cu5 ! &rut şi cu5 ! +utut 0crii41 34 tre4, ! P!r!5e4t, +e u4 c*7 1e 5!0/ 34tr=* )!r/ 0!u 34tr=*ti+*)r!fie, 0!u 1ict341G şi 4e**0i41u=0e 0/ c*rectee, 0/ şefui!0c/ Pe4tru c/ N I*r)! 4u cre1e! 34 +erfec7i!*5e4e!0c/ @!01eu, 1i5+*tri&/, *ric!re !r fi f*0t *+er! ! c!re ucr!, &*i! 0/ eHceee 1e*+*tri&/ 34 eru1i7ie, +reciie, *ri)i4!it!te, +r*fu4i5e, fru5u0e7e iter!r/ e !&34t! 34 1*5e4ii !i! 1e0c*+erite şi +r*+u4e! i+*tee341r/4e7e 1!r er! 34t*t1e!u4! i4e i4f*r5!t,S/O0t/+34i41 +e 1e+i4 5!teri!u 1*cu5e4t!r, şi 0+iritu critic 4u=" +/r/0e! 4ici*1!t/ A f*0t +/ti5!ş 34 u+t! +*itic/ şi cutur!/, 1!r +!ti5! 4u i=! 1i5i4u!t 4ici c!it!te! )341irii, 4ici +e ce! ! 0tiuui A f/cut u4e*ri )u5ec!re !u +/rut 5!i t3riu c*+i/reşti 0!u 1e +r*0t )u0t 1!r !ş! er! +e=!tu4ci !t5*0fer! cutur!/, şi, 5!i !e0,!ş! er! @!01euF uri!ş c/rui! 3i +/ce! 0/ 0e *!ce c! c*+iii34 !f!r/ 1e e4cic*+e1i05u şi +erfec7i*4i05u ui @!01eu, c!re, 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, 3i 0ti4)'ere!u

cre!ti&it!te!, treuie 0/ 5!i 7i4e5 0e!5! şi 1e c*5+eHit!te! +er0*4!it/7ii ui şi, 5!i !e0, 1e tr!)e1i! f!5ii!/c!re i=! 0c'i5!t &i!7! ! >$ 1e !4i O0 1e D*54, !ri0t*cr!t 1i4 c!+ +34/ 34 +ici*!re, @!01eu er! t*tuşi1e5*cr!t şi ! u+t!t c! +u7i4i !7ii +e &re5e! ui 35+*tri&! *ieri*rG er! 340ufe7it 1e * c*4ce+7ie )r!41i*!0/,r*5!4tic/, ! I0t*riei, şi t*tuşi ! !+ic!t 5et*1ee cee 5!i 0tricte şi şi=! 5/ci4!t ti5+u şi f*r7ee 34 cercet/ri5i)/*!0e şi u4e*ri 1e u4 i4tere0 5i4*rG +*et, 4u&ei0t, 1r!5!tur), şi=! ertfit c!rier! iter!r/ c! 0/ 0e +*!t/c*40!cr! +e 1e=!=4tre)u eru1i7ieiG 1e * +rec*cit!te eHtr!*r1i4!r/, 0!&!4t 34 t*!t/ +utere! cu&34tuui ! 1*u/eci şice&! 1e !4i, şi=! ri0i+it * +!rte 1i4 e4er)i! cre!t*!re ! ti4ere7ii cu f!r0e şi +*e5ici !1e0e*ri i4utieG r!7i*4!i0t 34ti4ere7e şi 5!turit!te, 0=! 34t*r0 0+re Du54eeu 4u +e c!e! re)!/ ! 5i0ticii 0!u te**)iei, ci +ri4 eH+erie47ee0u0+ecte !e 0+iriti05uuiPier1ere! Iuiei ! 340e54!t * c!t!0tr*f/ 4u 4u5!i +e4tru @!01eu, Y ci +e4tru t*!t/ cutur! r*5;4e!0e/ C341, +ri4"#6>, cercet!5 ! Ar'i&ee t!tuui /ie 34 c!re fu0e0er/ !1u4!te * +!rte 1i4 c/r7ie şi '3rtiie ui @!01eu 1e !C!0teu 1i4 C35+i4!, 5i 0e 0tr34)e! i4i5! 1e tri0te7e A&e!5 i5+re0i! c/ +/tru41 34tr=u4 ş!4tier uri!ş, +/r/0itşi c/ut 34 rui4e Re&i0tee 1e i0t*rie şi fi**)ie r/5!0e cu +!)i4ie 4et/i!te !r/t!u !4u c341 @!01eu 34cet!0e 1e! 0e 5!i i4tere0! 1e 1i0ci+i4ee 34 c!re 3şi cre!0e u4 re4u5e 5*41i! m Pr*1uc7i! ui @!01eu e0tei5e40/ D!r ci4e ! cetit *+eree ui iter!re şi ştii47ifice 1i4 ti4ere7e, 5iie 1e +!)i4i 0cri0e 34tre 2$ şi <$ 1e !4i, 3şi



34c'i+uie ce=!r fi +utut cre! @!01eu ! -$ 0!u %$ 1e !4i, 1!c/ )e4iu ui, şi 5!i !e0 1e0ti4u, i=!r fi 34)/1uit 0=*f!c/ / 4e 34c'i+ui5 cu5 !r fi !r/t!t *+er! ui *et'e !t3t ce! iter!r/ c3t şi ce! ştii47ific/ 1!c/ !r fi f*0t34treru+t/ ! &3r0t! 1e >$ 1e !4iD!r c'i!r 34!i4te 1e +ier1ere! Iuiei, @!01eu ertfi0e * u4/ +!rte 1i4 f*r7ee ui cre!t*!re !ceei 5u4ci 5i)/*!0eşi i0t*&it*!re c!re trebuia f$cut$ c! 0/ +*!t/ eHi0t! * i0t*ri*)r!fie, * fi**)ie şi *S/;

eHic**)ie r*5;4e!0c/ ştii47ific/ Er!, 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, ertf! +e c!re treui0e 0=* !1uc/ Meşteru M!4*eC/ci * u4/ +!rte 1i4 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/ 0=! /5i0it 0u 0e54u !ce0tei e)e41!re M34/0tiri 1i4 Ar)eşm"Y!uvîntul în e-il, !+riie "#-6.

MI#%!Eh%'E %PR 'J%@LE* Aş! 0e i4titue!/ c!rte! 1rei R*ş! 1e C*4te, +r*fe0*!r/ 1e iter!tur! r*5;4/ ! :4i&er0it!te! 1i4 R*5!G Mi"ai

minescu o dell:'ssoluto (I40titut* 1i Ki**)i! R*5!4! 1e! :4i&er0it; 1i R*5! tu1i e Te0tiG *ciet/Ti+*)r!fic! E1itrice M*1e4e0e, M*1e4!, "#-6, <82 +!)i4i +et i4 <_. E0te, f/r/ 341*i!/, ce! 5!i &!0t/5*4*)r!fie 34c'i4!t/, 34tr=* i5/ 0trei4/, ui Mi'!i E5i4e0cu (Pe c3t ştiu, c!rte! +r*fe0*ruui A!i4uier5*u 1e0+re Liric! ui E5i4e0cu 4=! !+/rut 34c/. D!c/ 4=!r fi 1ec3t f!+tu c/ 0u4t cit!te şi tr!1u0e c3te&!5ii 1e &er0uri 1i4tre c!re 5!i 5ut 1e u5/t!te 1i4 *+er! 5!4u0cri0/ e1it!t/ 1e Per+e00iciu0 şi 34c/ !rtreui 0/ r/534e5 recu4*0c/t*ri !ut*!rei V*u5u 1e tr!1uceri ! ui R!5ir* Orti, +uic!t 34 "#2%, cu+ri41e!%8 1e +*eii, !e0e eHcu0i& 1i4 *+er! +uic!t/ ! !ce! e+*c/

D!r c!rte! 1rei 1e C*4te e +re7i*!0/ +e4tru !te 5ute 5*ti&e Pe4tru 34t3i! *!r/ *+er! +*etic/ ! ui E5i4e0cue0te !4!i!t/ şi i4ter+ret!t/ în întregimea ei, !1ic/ 7i4341 0e!5! 1e t*!te &!ri!4tee, fr!)5e4tee şi ci*r4ee c!re!u f*0t ti+/rite 34 e1i7i! 5!)i0tr!/ ! ui Per+e00iciu0 :ti5ee 1*u/ &*u5e (&*i IV şi V., !+/rute 34 "#>2 şi"#>8, +rei4t/ t*!te &er0iu4ie +*eii*r +*0tu5e A0t! 340e!54/ c/ 0tu1iie +uic!te 34!i4te 1e "#>8 0e34te5ei!u +e * 1*cu5e4t!7ie i4c*5+et/e ştie 1e 5ut c/ E5i4e0cu er! u4 +erfec7i*4i0t C341 e&*c! +e cei cu+ri4şi 1e !134c! 0ete ! f*r5e*r +erfecte, E5i4e0cu 0e )341e!, 1e0i)ur, şi ! 0i4e =!u +/0tr!t "6 &er0iu4i !e +*eiei esp$r&ire, t*!te 0cri0e34tre "8%% şi "8%# Ace !15ir!i +*e5 Memento Mori 0!u Panorama eşert$ciunilor 0//S2 cu+ri41e 2"80tr*fe, cu +e0te " 6$$ 1e &er0uri, 1i4tre c!re 4u5!i fr!)5e4tu gipetul (!1ic/ "> 0tr*fe. fu0e0e +uic!t 34ti5+u &ie7ii +*etuui C3t/ fru5u0e7e ! /cut 34)r*+!t/ !t3te!= 5ute, eci 1e !4i Cu5S/<4e=!r fi +/cut 0/ citi5 34 !1*e0ce47/, c341 1e0c*+ere!5 gipetul, !ce eHtr!*r1i4!r +r**), !1e&/r!t/ !0ce40iu4eeHt!tic/ 0+re u5ie i5!)i4!reF

Tur5! &i0uri*r 5ee eu e +!0c c! *i 1e !ur, C341 ! 4*+7ii 34tu4erec 3'0te!tu re)e 5!ur L!0/ 4*rii ui5*!teci 34f*i!7i 34 +!t cere0c, I!r/ u4! !r)i4tie, c! u4 +!i1 1uce 0*!re, Vr/i !1uce +e0te u5e +ri4tr=! 0tee*r4i40*!re, C341 34 0tr!turi u5i4*!0e !05ee c*+ie cre0c Mer)i tu, u4tre=! &ie7ii 5ee, +e=! &i0/rii ucii &!uriP34/ u41e=4 !+e 0fi4te 0e ri1ic/ 5341re 5!uri, Cu 1u5r/&i 1e !ur &er1e şi cu u4ci 1e c'i+!r*0, :41e=4r!5urie 4e)re * c34t!re=4 &eci 0u0+i4/, :41e 0fi47ii 0e +re35/ 34 u4)i '!i4e 1e u5i4/, :41e=i 5*!rte! cu=!ri+i 4e)re şi cu c'i+u ei fru5*0P*eiie +*0tu5e, ci*r4ee, &!ri!4tee şi 0u&!ri!4tee t*!te cu+ri41 fr!)5e4te 1e * 4e!şte+t!t/ fru5u0e7ePe4tru +ri5! 1!t/ * eHe)e/ ! +*eiei e5i4e0cie4e 7i4e 0e!5! 1e ee, 1e 34)r*+!tee [ri0i+e cu5 4u5e!E5i4e0cu reic&ee 5!ri*r ci&ii!7ii 1i0+/rute :r5/ri41 !4!i! u4ui 5*ti& +*etic u4/*!r/, e0te=5u=ru)/ciu4e 0!u De5iur)u c*05*)*4ic (+ <8 0?. citit*ru 1e0c*+er/ 4ec*4te4it, !/turi 1e &er0urie i4ecu4*0cute, &er0uri i4e1ite 1e * 4e/4uit/ fr/)ei5e, 1e * 0ur+ri4/t*!re +erfec7ie Nu &*i 34cerc! 0/ reu5 !ce!0t/ *+er/ 1e40/, *)!t/, 341r/4e!7/ M/ &*i 5u7u5i 0/=i +rei4t 0tructur! şi 0/!tr!) !te47i! !0u+r! c3t*r&! !0+ecte 1e 5!re i4tere0 +e4tru cetit*ru r*5;4 34 +ri5! +!rte (++ %=22>. 0u4t

eH!5i4!te +ri4ci+!ee te5e irice e5i4e0cie4eF +r*e5! 0*ci!/ 0împ$rat şi Proletar2, 1e5iur)u c*05*)*4ic0Rug$ciunea unui ac, %crisoarea I2, @+eri*4 0Luceaf$rul2, 34tre!re! 5et!fiic/ 34 Memento Mori, C'ri0t*034 +*ei! ui E5i4e0cu, fi)urie Di&i4uui 34 %crisoarea I+ :ti5ee ş!0e c!+it*e, f/r/ 341*i!/ cee 5!i0u0t!47i!e şi 5!i 341r/4e7e, 0u4t 34c'i4!te Ti5+uuiF Ti5+u=De5iur), re0+*40!i ! 1r!5ei eHi0te47i!e, şiA0*utu 347ee0 c! Eter4it!teG 1e&e4ire! c! 0tructur/ ! Ti5+uui c*05ic şi 1e0ti4u *5e4e0c i40er!t 34 cur)ere!circu!r/ ! Ti5+uuiG P*ei! irui41 Ti5+u şi +*etu=+r*fetG 0e4ti5e4tu 1ur!tei şi !5i&!e47! ti5+uui +0i'**)icG e&!iu4e! 1i4 ti5+ şi u4it!te! c*05ic/G 1r!)*0te! c! * c'e5!re ! A0*utuuiS/C >

Pe u4/ 1re+t!te, R*ş! 1e C*4te 0t/ruie !0u+r! !ce0t*r +r*e5e 1e fi**fie şi )4*/, 34 ce4tru c/r*r! 0t/ +r*e5! Ti5+uui şi ! Eter4it/7ii, ! = De5iur)uui şi ! c*05*)*4iei E5i4e0cu 4=! f*0t şi 4ici 4=! +reti40&re*1!t/ c/ e0te u4 fi**f 0i0te5!tic Qi4341 0e!5! 1e c!ietee ui 1e 4*te, 1eşi 0e &e1e c/ ! cetit e4*r5, 0=!r 0+u4e c/ 34 !f!r/ 1e h!4t şi c'*+e4'!uer 4u +!re ! fi !134cit *+eree 5!ri*r fi**fi, 1e ! +re0*cr!tici34c*!ce Refu341, 1e ! Beri4, c!te1r! u4i&er0it!r/ 1e Ki**fie, +e c!re i=* +r*+u4e! Titu M!i*re0cu, E5i4e0cu5/rturi0e! i5+e1e c/ 34c/ 4u 0e 0i57e! &re14ic 1e * !0e5e4e! r/0+u41ere D!r 0=!r +ute! 347ee)e !ce0t refu şi



c! eH+re0i! 1*ri47ei !0cu40e ! ui E5i4e0cu 1e ! r/534e liber, +e4tru ! 0e +ute! c*4ce4tr! !0u+r! *+erei ui 1ecre!7ie, c!re şti! c/ 4u 0e &! 5/r)i4f! iter!tur/ 3 i4tere0!u cu +!0iu4e +r*e5ee 1e i0t*rie şi i5/, +*itic! şiec*4*5i! +*itic/, ştii47ee, )4*ee şi )!et/ri! Qi4341 0e!5! 4u5!i 1e ce=! +uic!t 34 ti5+u &ie7ii şi ce 4i 0=! +/0tr!t 34 c!ietee ui 1e 4*te, cutur! ui E5i4e0cu er! cu !1e&/r!t eHce+7i*4!/ A f*0t, f/r/ 341*i!/, ce 5!icuti&!t +*et ! 0ec*uui, 0i4)uru c!re +*!te fi !/tur!t 1e *et'e (e&i1e4t, 1e u4 *et'e c!re !r fi 5urit 34!i4te1e <$ 1e !4i. i t*t 34 *et'e 3şi )/0eşte re+ic/ te41i47! ui c/tre *5 u4i&er0! D!r, 34c/ * 1!t/, c341 0e

&*reşte 1e fi**fi! ui, E5i4e0cu 4u treuie c*5+!r!t cu u4 +r*fe0*r 1e fi**fie, ci cu * 5i4tee4cic*+e1ic/ şi 34c'i4!t/ 0+re 0i4tee +er0*4!e,!0e5e4e! ui *et'eC! şi *et'e 34 ti4ere7e, E5i4e0cu ! f*0t fer5ec!t 1e t*t feu 1e )4*e şi fi**fii *cute Lecturie şi +re*cu+/rie ui Di*4i0 er!u 34 u4/ +!rte !e ui E5i4e0cu 0=! !+r*+i!t 1e +r*e5ee fi**fiei 4u +e c!e!c!0ic/ şi 1i1!ctic/ ! *+ere*r fu41!5e4t!e, ci +e 1ru5urie *c*ite şi *0cure !e 5!)iei şi )4*e*r 'er5eticeLucru !ce0t! 0e şti! 1e 5ut şi fu0e0e eH+ic!t c! * i4fue47/ ! r*5!4ti05uui )er5!4 D!r R*ş! 1e C*4te 0e34tre!/ 1!c/ E5i4e0cu 4u şi=!r fi +utut 341e0tu! +!0iu4e! ui +e4tru t!i4e şi 5!)ie cercet341 1e=! 1re+tutr!1i7iie !r'!ice r*5;4eşti, !ş! cu5 i e re&e!u c/r7ie &ec'i, 5!4u0cri0ee şi e)e41ee +*+u!re O0er&!7i!!ce!0t! 4i 0e +!re 1e*0eit 1e i5+*rt!4t/ şi !0u+r! ei&*5 re&e4iR*ş! 1e C*4te i1e4tific/ 34 ce4tru u4i&er0uui +*etic ! ui E5i4e0cu i5!)i4!7i! c*05ic/ (+ <$6. Te5!c*05*)*4ic/ 0e 35i4/ cu 5*ti&u M!)uui c!re iuteşte 0/ 1*5i4e Ti5+u e +*!te &*ri, ! E5i4e0cu, de o

obsesie ! limpului, fie c/ e r!r!S/F 1e 5ii*!4ee 1e !4i !e C*05*0uui, fie 1e 5ie4iie i0t*riceAut*!re! 1i0ti4)e 34 *+er! ui E5i4e0cu 1*u/ 0+ecii 1e Ti5+(+ "88 0?.F u4 timp vital, +e c!re c*4ce+7i! 5i0tic/, 1e 0tructur/!0tr!/, ! +*etuui 3 &! f!ce 0/ c*i4ci1/ cu= ti5+u c*05ic, şi u4timp muritor, +e c!re +e0i5i05u 0/u etic 3 &! f!ce 0/ c*i4ci1/ cu5*1u eHi0te47ei +e P/534t Ce 1i4t3i e u4 Ti5+ i4t!ct, c!re!1uce ! 5!turit!te şi e 35+i4eşte t*!te f*r5ee :4i&er0uuiCe/!t e Ti5+u uurii, ! 35/tr3'irii şi 5*r7iiO 1i0cu7ie !1ec&!t/ ! !ce0t*r !4!ie, +recu5 şi ! ter5i4**)ieif**0ite 1e !ut*!re, 4e=!r 1uce +re! 1e+!rte / !5i4ti5, t*tuşi, cu5* f!ce şi R*ş! 1e C*4te, +r*&eru r*5;4e0cF Ce!0u u5/,

*&eşte, 1!r &re5e! 0t/, &re5uieşte Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 1e0cifr!0e34 !ce0t +r*&er 1e*0eire! 34tre 1ur!t! i0t*ric/ (cur)ere 1r!5!tic/Fce!0u *&eşte. şi ti5+u c*05ic, c!re 0t/, &re5uieşte,+e4truc/ e0te circu!r E5i4e0cu +!re ! fi f*0t f!0ci4!t 1e !5i&!e47!Ti5+uui Vier5ee &re5uri*r r*!1e 34 4*i, 0crie e 34 +*ei! învan c$ta.ve&i ("8%#. I!r 34tr=* 0u &!ri!4t/ ! Luceaf$rului53Şi 4u5!i 4*i trece5 0/r5!4ic*+ii 4i5ic4iciei D!rFTi5+u 5*rt şi=4ti41e tru+u şi 1e&i4e &eci4icie i 34tr=* &!ri!4t/ ! Luceaf$rului5Di4 03'u &eci4icuui ieriTr/ieşte !i ce 5*!re fYPe 1e !t/ +!rte, u4i&er0u +*etic ! ui E5i4e0cu !u41/ 34 fi)uri şi i5!)i4i 34 c!re 1i&i4it!te!, +erfec7i!, +utere!, e!titu1i4e! 0u4t 0*i1!re 1e * 1ur!t/ i4fi4it/ 34 ! r!iuui +ri0!c/ 0t/ 5*ş4e!)u +i4 1e ie,

Du54eeu C'i!r c341, 34tr=* &!ri!4t/ uteri*!r/, Du54eeu e 34*cuit +ri4 0tu+ /tr34, 0e 1e0cifre!/4*0t!)i! +*etuui f!7/ 1e eter4it!te! 347ee!0/ +! * 1ur!t/ f!u*!0/ Du4/re! /tr34/, C!r+!tu ce !r0 şi /tr34, !ce /tr34 5!) 1e0+re c!re 35+/r!tu (e 340uşi B/tr34 cu !4i * 0ut/ +e fru4te! Iui 1e 4e!., 0+u4eFC341 34c/ er! t3'/r e t*t /tr34 er!F A &re5uri*r cur0 &eci4ie 4u=" +*!te tuur!, i5!)i4ie !ce0te! tr/1e!/f!0ci4!7i! ui E5i4e0cu +e4tru t*t cee! ce iuteşte, +ri4 +reu4)ire! 4efire!0c/ ! +r*+riei *r 1ur!te, 0/ rei0te1e0c*5+u4erii şi 5*r7ii 34tr=u4 !rtic* 1e !cu5 2> 1e !4iS/(I40u! Iui Eut'!4!0iu0, Revista unda&iilor Regale, /AOA2 !r/t!5 cu5 i5!)i4ie +!r!1i0i!ce 1i4 *+er! uiE5i4e0cu 0u4t 0*i1!re 1e 0+er!47! 34tr=* *+rire +e *c, 5!)ic/ 0!u eHt!tic/, ! Ti5+uui R*ş! 1e C*4te!4!ie!/ cu 5ut/ +er0+ic!cit!te Povestea magului c$l$tor în stele (+ "8$ 0?., 1*&e1i41 c/, 34 i5!)i4!7i! uiE5i4e0cu, M!)u, 34c!r4!re ! Pr*fetuui, şi +*!te c'i!r ! De5iur)uui, iuteşte 0/ iruie şi 0/ 0t/+34e!0c/Ti5+u Dr!)*0te! ui E5i4e0cu +e4tru t*t ce er! /tr34, tr!1i7i*4!, +e4tru t*t ce 1ur!0e 1e=! u4)u I0t*rieişi iuti0e 0/=şi +/0tree &!*!re! şi cre!ti&it!te!, !15ir!7i! ui +e4tru *iceiurie +/=534tuui, +e4tru i5! /tr34e!0c/, +e4tru f*c*r şi iter!tur! +*+u!r!, +e4tru 5!4u0cri0e şi c/r7i &ec'i r*5;4eşti t*!te !ce0te! 4u0u4t 0tr/i4e 1e c*4ce+7i! !5i&!e47/ ! Ti5+uui +e c!re * !&e! E5i4e0cu şi 1e 4*0t!)iie ui f!7/ 1e &re5e!



c!re 0t/, &re5uieşteP!rte! ! Ii=! ! 5*4*)r!fiei 0e i4titue!/ A0+ecte !e !rtei şi !e i5!uui e5i4e0ci!4 (++ 22>=<"2. Aut*!re!0tu1i!/ 0e40iiit!te! cr*5!tic/ ! ui E5i4e0cu, 0ecretu 5uic!it/7ii e5i4e0cie4e, 0i5*i05u 5!teriei,0u0tr!tu !ut*'t*4 ! cuturii ui E5i4e0cu şi refect!re! tr!1i7ii*r cutur!e 34 !4u5ite i5!)i4i !e i5!uuie5i4e0ci!4 Kiec!re c!+it* !r 5erit! 0/ fie 1i0cut!t +e 341eete D!r 4u 4e &*5 +ute! *+ri 1ec3t !0u+r! +r*e5eif*r5!7iei cutur!e ! ui E5i4e0cu +re 1e*0eire 1e 5!*rit!te! critici*r şi i0t*rici*r iter!ri r*5;4i, i4tere0!7i

0/ 1e0c*+ere 5!i !e0 i4fue47ee cuturii *cci1e4t!e, R*ş! 1e C*4te i40i0t/ !0u+r! +ri5ei f!e, !ut*'t*4e, !f*r5!7iei 0+iritu!e ! ui E5i4e0cu Aut*!re! !5i4teşte c/ +*etu ! cre0cut 34 !t5*0fer! 0+iritu!it/7ii *rt*1*Hec!re 0e *)i41eşte fie 34 tr!1i7i! rei)i*!0/ cut/ (c!re, 1eşi 4utrit/ ! i&*!ree ceei 5!i &ec'i iter!turi +!tri0tice, 4u e t*t1e!u4! 0trei4/ 1e i4fue47e 4e*+!t*4ice şi )4*0tice., fie 34 tr!1i7i! f*c*ric/, ce refecte!/!t3te! !0+ecte !e be&!&ieiS +*+u!re 0!&*=i!4ti4e i !ce!0t! treui! 0/=" +re1i0+u4/ în c"ip firesc 0/ +/tru41/ fie 34 ci5!tu 5!)ic ! fi**fiei şi +*eiei r*5!4ti05uui )er5!4, fie 34 &/1u'u 5itic ! )341irii*rie4t!e (+ 2#6.Pe u4/ 1re+t!te e&*c/ !ut*!re! !ce +!0! !ut*i*)r!fic 1i4 %$rmanul ionis5 ucruri 5i0tice, 0utiit/7i5et!fiice 3i !tr/)e!u cu)et!re! c! u4 5!)4et @r, c/r7ie 1e !0tr**)ie şi 5!)ie +e c!re e cite! Di*4i0 er!u 1e*ri)i4e i!4ti4/, 1eci 'ee4ic*=*rie4=t!/ 34tr=u4ui 1i4 'pendice (E5i4e0cu şi )4*!, + <"6 0?.,S/A!ut*!re! !5i4teşte c/ +*etu 4=!&e! 4e&*ie 0/ cite!0c/ teHtee )4*0tice +e4tru ! e cu4*!şte 34&/7/tur!F i5!)i4e!Du54eeuui u5i4*0 şi !t*t+uter4ic, u4/*!r/, * )/0e! 34 f*c*ru +*etic r*5;4e0c Pe 1e !t/ +!rte,

e4tui!05u 4e*+!t*4ic +/tru41e t*!t/ 0+iritu!it!te! *rt*1*H/ Er! 1e !u40 c! ci4e&! 0/ cite!0c/ +e A4ti5I&ire!4u c! 0/ 0e f!5ii!riee cu fi**fi! şi u4i&er0u 1e i5!)i4i ! +!tri0ticii D!r E5i4e0cu ceti0e 5ute !teucruri 34 !f!r/ 1e A4ti5 I&ire!4u E !&e! * *)!t/ şi +re7i*!0/ c*ec7ie 1e c/r7i &ec'i şi 5!4u0cri0e r*5;4eşti, +e c!re M*0e0 !0ter ! utii!t=* c341 şi=! 34t*c5it f!i5*!0! !"restomat"ie roumaine+ 34tr=u4 !rtic* rece4t !ui AeH!41ru Ei!4, f**0it 1e R*ş! 1e C*4te, e re+r*1u0/ i0t! 1e c/r7i &ec'i şi 5!4u0cri0e +e c!re E5i4e0cu e +r*+u4e! +e4tru cu5+/r!re Bii*tecii Ce4tr!e 1i4 I!şi, ! - 5!rtie "8%6 e )/0e0c tr!1uceri &ec'i r*5;4eşti,ti+/rite 0!u 5!4u0cri0e, 1i4 P/ri47ii Bi0ericii, &ie7i 1e 0fi47i, !+*crife, !+*c!i+0e, r*5!4e +*+u!re T*!te !ce0teteHte, ! c!re 0e !1/u)! ştii47! ui 1e tr!1i7ii +*+u!re şi 1!ti4e /tr34eşti, !c/tui!u u4 corpus 1e cu4*şti47e şi i1eirefect341 cre1i47ee şi 0+ecu!7iie !r'!ice r*5;4eşti, 34 5!re +!rte 1e *ri)i4e i!4ti4*=*rie4t!/tu1ii41 Riflessi della tradi)ione culturale in alcune figure del linguagio eminesc"iano (+ 6"6 0?., !ut*!re!cite!/ teHte +!tri0tice 0!u 'er5etice +e c!re E5i4e0cu +r*!i c/ 4u e citi0e 1irect, 1!r ! c/r*r c*47i4ut 3)/0e! 34 tr!1i7i! cut/ r*5;4e!0c/ E5i4e0cu re+rei4t/ f/r/ 341*i!/ * 0i4te/ )e4i!/, 34 c!re 0=!u c*4t*+it4u5er*!0e cure4te, 1!r !1e0e! 0=! trecut cu &e1ere! *)/7i! 'u5u0uui 4!t! Criticii r*5;4i !u 0ui4i!t

i4fue47! tr!1i7iei !ut*'t*4e !0u+r! c*4ce+7ii*r= +*itice şi iter!re !e ui E5i4e0cu, 1!r 4u şi=!u 34c'i+uit c/te5eiu i5!)i4!7iei şi ! 0+ecu!7ii*r te*retice =!r fi +utut 35+ru5ut! 1i4 u4i&er0u 0+iritu!it/7ii !r'!icer*5;4eşti Merit/ 0/ fie re!5i4tit cu !ce0t +rie cee! ce 0cri! E5i4e0cu 34 1*u/ !rtic*e 1i4 *impul5 D!r *!1e&/r!t/ iter!tur/ tr!i4ic/, c!re 0/ 4e +!c/ 4*u/ şi 0/ fie *ri)i4!/ şi +e4tru !7ii, 4u 0e +*!te 34te5ei! 1ec3t +e)r!iu &iu ! +*+*ruui 4*0tru +r*+riu, +e tr!1i7iie, *iceiurie şi i0t*ri! ui, +e )e4iu ui (8 5!i "88$. Li5!iter!r/, 4u ce! )r/it/ 34 0*ciet!te! cut/, i5! cr*4ic!ri*r şi ! e)e41e*r e +e !*cure! 1e * r!r/ fru5u0e7eMute teHte şi i0ericeşti, şi !ice, !u u4 rit5 !t3t 1e 0*4*r 34 34şir!re! cu&i4te*r, 34c3t e +e0te +uti47/ c!fru5u0e7e! 0tiuui 0/ 0e !triuie 34t35+/rii şi 4u t!e4tuui 0criit*ruui şi 1e&*t/rii i5ii (2" 4*ie5rie"88".220

De !c*r1 cu +riete4u ui, M*0e0 !0ter, c!re refu!0e 0/ i4tr*1uc/ 34 !"restomat"ie roumaine teHte 1e 1u+/"86$, E5i4e0cu 0*c*te! tr!1i7i! iter!r/ 34treru+t/ +e ! "86$G 1e ! !ce!0t/ 1!t/, i5! r*5;4/ şi=! +/r/0ite&*u7i! ei fire!0c/ Pe4tru ! re)/0i * i5/ !ute4tic/ şi r*u0t/, E5i4e0cu 0=! !+ec!t r/1/t*r !0u+r! teHte*r

iter!turii &ec'i şi +*+u!re A0t! 4u 340e!54/, 340/, c/ er! u4 c*40er&!t*r Cu5 5/rturi0eşte e 340uşiF Nici +e4tru 7!r! 4*!0tr/ 4=!5 )341it &re*1!t/ ! +r*+u4e u4 0i0te5, c!re 0/ 34&iee &e!cu ! gVII=e!, e+*c! ui M!teiB!0!r! E5i4e0cu cre1e! c/ e)e! &ie7ii 0t/ 34 35+r*0+/t!re! c*4ti4u/ ! f*41uui şi +/0tr!re! f*r5e*r, şi1/1e! 1e eHe5+u A4)i!, !e c/rei f*r5e i0t*rice er!u +urure! re35+r*0+/t!te 1e 0+iritu 5*1er4, 1e 5u4c!5*1er4/ (teHte cit!te 1e R*ş! 1e C*4te, + <$$.T*t !t3t 1e 0u)e0ti&e şi 1e *)!te 0u4t !4!iee i5!)i4i*r şi eH+re0ii*r c!re !r +ute! fi eH+ic!te +ri4tr=* 1u/1eri&!7ieF f*c*ric/, +e 1e * +!rte, 0!u ce! ! tr!1i7iei fi**fiei rei)i*!0e cute, +e 1e !t/ +!rte (u4/*!r/,&/5ie &/1u'uui, 5*ti& cut )rec*=*rie4t!, 1!r circu341 5!i !e0 34 c*4teHte f*c*rice. Cercet!re!c*4c*r1!47e*r 34tre i5!u =e5i4e0ci!4 şi !ce! ! &ec'ii tr!1i7ii 5i0tic*=fi**fice c*41uce ! reut!te0ur+ri4/t*!re Aut*!re! +u4e 34 u5i4/ i5+*rt!47! 5i0tic/ ! ier*)ife*r (0fi4H +/tru40 1e 347ee0. şi ! cifre*r(O cer, tu !0t/i cifre 5/ 34&e7i., şi !r!t/ 34 ce 5/0ur/ E5i4e0cu !+ic! i5!u 5i0tic t!i4e*r şi eHt!e*r1r!)*0tei +r*f!4eF Du54eeu 1e=!r fi f*0t, şi=!r fi uit!t u4i&er0u, 0+re ! c/ut! u4 !tu 34 *c'ii ei !/0triiG 1e=!rfi )/0it, 4u 0e ştie c/ut!re! !r fi 1ur!t &eci4ie Y%$rmanul ionis21 Pri&i41u=5/ cu *c'ii 34 c!re=!&e!i u4cer 0%trigoii:25 ,SPe=! 5eu +r*+riu ru), 5/ t*+e0c 34 f/c/ri 0@d$ în metru antic2+ D!r 0/ /0/5 cetit*ri*rr*5;4i, +e c!re i=!5 1*ri c3t 5!i 4u5er*şi, ucuri! 1e ! 1e0c*+eri 0i4)uri 4e0te5!tee ui E5i4e0cu u5i4!te cu



1i!triee şi teriii05ee 1i4 La Voce şi Lacerba+ Du+/ e&!4)'eicu i4ter5e* ! Poyestei lui !"ristos, P!+i4i0e 34t*r0e0e ! fre4ei! şi &itri*u +!5fete*r 1i4 ti4ere7e Cu 1e*0eire! c/, 34 *c 0/ !t!ce în 4u5ee +r!)5!ti05uui, ! 5!)iei, ! futuri05uui 0!u ! 4i'ii05uui !t!c! şi 5!0!cr! !cu5 34 4u5ee Bi0ericiir*5!4*=c!t*ice At!c! şi 1**r! t*t ce=i ieşe! 34 c!eF *!5e4i, ştii47e, cuturi, rei)ii, i40titu7ii K*!rte t34/r,34&/7!0e 1e ! Niet0c'e 0/ fi**fee cu ci*c!4u Acu5, 34 furi! ui 1e 4e*fit, i 0e +/re! c/ +*!te c*4&i4)e şic*4&erti cu 1i4!5it/ Au f*0t !4i ("#2"=26. c341, 1!c/ !r fi +utut, !r fi f/cut 0/ 0!r/ 34 !er t*!te 0!*!4ee,

5ueee, u4i&er0it/7ie şi !c!1e5iie 34 c!re 4=!r fi )/0it u4 crucifiH I! +*!rt/ şi Micul Jreviar în fiec!re uu4!rDi4 fericire, e+*c! !ce!0t! 1e i4&ecti&/ şi 5!0!cru 34 4u5ee ui Ii0u0 (1e f!+t, 34 4u5ee ! cee! ce cre1e! e c/!r fi trebuit s$ fie Bi0eric! r*5!4*=c!t*ic/., 4=! 1ur!t 5ut Cur341, P!+i4i ! 1e0c*+erit c!0ici05uc!t*ici05uui, ! &*rit şi ! 0cri0 1e0+re R*5! creşti4/, i!r 5!i t3riu (c341 +re)/te! %toiia della Litteraturaitaliana2 1e0+re i*!c'i4* 1! Ki*re şi 1e0+re i5i4e47! ceei 1e ! trei! e+*ci, c341 I0t*ri! Lu5ii &! fi 1*5i4!t/ 1e! trei! +er0*!4/ ! Tri4it/7ii, 1e f34tu Du'34 ti5+u r/*iuui, !ş! cu5 4e +ute5 1! 0e!5! 1i4 Zurnalul +uic!t 1u+/ 5*!rte! Iui, P!+i4i ! 0uferit cu5+it1i4 c!u! +!0i&it/7ii V!tic!4uui Aşte+t! 1e ! Vic!ru ui C'ri0t*0 u4 5!re )e0t 1e cur!, u4 +r*te0t &i)ur*035+*tri&! +reu4)irii !1!r4ice ! 5!0!cruui u4i&er0! Di4 !cei !4i 1e 1e0cur!!re şi 0uferi47/ 0=!u /5i0it 5!it3riu Leftere agii uomini di Papa !elestino VI (0cri0e 34 "#<>. 34 c!re P!+i4i 0e !1re0! *5e4irii 34 4u5ee u4uiP!+/ i5!)i4!r C341 ! !+/rut, 34 "#<-, c!rte! ! !&ut u4 5!re 0ucce0 34 It!i! şi 34 !te c3te&! 7/ri (341e*0ei 34A5eric! 1e u1. D!r 4u şi 34 Kr!47! Eitee c!t*ici05uui fr!4ce er!u !tu4ci +re*cu+!te 1e !te +r*e5e 34 +u0, P!+i4i 4u er! u4 c!t*ic, 1e 0t34)! At!c!0e +e Je!4=P!u !tire şi c*4ti4u! 0/ !t!ce 5!rHi05uG cee! ce,

+e4tru i4tei)'e47i! c!t*ic/ fr!4ce/ 1e 1u+/ "#>$ ec'i&!! 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e40 cu ce 5!i 5!re +/c!t 1e c!re 0e +ute! f!ce &i4*&!t u4 creşti4F +/c!tu 35+*tri&! +irituuiSS;+++ De !cee!, cu5 5/rturi0e!5, 5!i 0u0, !şte+t cu !t3t! 4er/1!re ec*u c/r7ii ui Vi4ti/ @*ri! C/ci, 1e 1!t!!ce!0t!, e &*r! 1e * c!rte !+/rut/ 34tr=* c*ec7ie c!t*ic/ şi 34c'i4!t/ c*4&er0iu4ii ui P!+i4i, !ceui 5i0teri*0 +r*ce0 /u4tric c!re, 34 c37i&! !4i, ! tr!40f*r5!t 1e4/1/1uitu !teu şi 4i'ii0t 1i4 L :'ltra met= în !ut*ru Povestei lui !"ristos+ 34 1*u/ 0curte c!+it*e i4tr*1ucti&e, Vi4ti/ @*ri! +rei4t/ +e P!+i4i 1i4!i4te 1ec*4&er0iu4e, e&*c341 +e r341 et!+ee c!re =!u 1u0 1e ! Leonardo ("#$>="#$%. şi 1e I! fi**fi! +r!)5!ti05uui!5eric!4 ("#$<="#""., ! tr!)ic!, i4i5it!i! c*4fe0iu4e 1i4 En uomo finito ("#"2., !+*i ! futuri05, ! &itri*uşi 0cui+!tu 1i4 Lacerba ("#"6. şi ! !cti&it!te! +*itic/ 1e i!ri0t ("#"<="#">. c*4ce4tr!t/ 5!i !e0 !0u+r! u4ui*iecti&F i4tr!re! It!iei 34 r/*i !/turi 1e Ai!7iA+*i, 34 c!+it*u L! 0ec*41e 4!i00!4ce, Vi4ti/ @*ri! !4!ie!/ f!ee 1e0c*+eririi ui Ii0u0 şi !creşti4i05uui, !ş! cu5 e=! +*&e0tit P!+i4i 34 La seconda nascita, c!rte re1!ct!t/ 34 "#26, 1!r !+/rut/ +*0tu5,

34 "#># i !ici 4e 34t35+i4/ 34c/ u4! 1i4 t!i4ee, !t3t 1e irit!4te, !e &ie7ii i4teri*!re ! ui P!+i4i Pe4tru c/ L! seconda nascita, c!re treui! 0/ c*4ti4ue En uomo finito şi 0/=" 34tre!c/ 34 1e40it!te, fer&*!re şi fru5u0e7e, e0te* c!rte r!t!t/, 34c/ şi 5!i )r!&F e * c!rte 5e1i*cr/ Cu eHce+7i! c3t*r&! fr!)5e4te referit*!re ! c/0/t*ri! Iui cui!ci4t! şi I! &i!7! *r, 34 c*!0t! 5u47i*r, ! Buci!4*, 4u re)/0eşti 34 La seconda nascita 4ici fr/)ei5e!!5i4tiri*r 1i4 c*+i/rie, 4ici fu)eree c!re i=!u r/1!t !1*e0ce47! şi ti4ere7e!, 4ici *tr!&! 341*iei*r 0!u4*0t!)iie, eHt!ee şi c/1erie 34 &i1 c!re tr!40fi)ur!u +!)i4ie @mului sf*rşit+ K/r/ 341*i!/ c/ P!+i4i şi=! 1!t0e!5! 1e !ce0t eşec Pe4tru c/ e, c!re +uic! tot, 4=! 341r/4it 0/ 1e! ! ti+!r La seconda nascita+ N=!5 347ee0 4ici*1!t/ 1e ce şi=! r!t!t P!+i4i !ce!0t/ ! 1*u! +!rte ! !ut*i*)r!fiei 0+iritu!e P*!te ! 0cri0=* +re!t3riu, ci4ci !4i 1u+/ ce 34ce+u0e %toria di !risto+ P*!te c/ ! 0cri0=* 34 +eri*!1! ui 1e fre4etic !+**)et !c!t*ici05uui c341, 34 c*!*r!re cu D*5e4ic* iui*tti, ter5i4!0e 1e! +ri5u &*u5 1i4 i)ionario del Eomo%elvatico+ 34 *rice c!, P!+i4i 1i4 "#26 4u 5!i er! ce 1i4 "#"# 34cerc341 0/ +*&e0te!0c/ ce i 0=! 34t35+!t fi ce !)341it 34 !4ii "#"8="#"#, !&e! +r*!i t*t ti5+u 34 !5i4tire ce i 0e 34t35+!0e dup$ c*4&er0iu4e Er!, 5!i !e0,*0e1!t 1e cee! ce 34&/7!0e 1e cur341 1e I! iuittiF cu5 0/ 1e! cu 0ecure! 34 4u5ee ui C'ri0t*0 i, 1i4

4efericire, 4u 1i0+u4e5 (ce +u7i4T

1e*c!51!t/. 1e !te 5/rturi0iri Zurnalul !4uui "#"# c*47i4e 1*!r "< r341uri, +ri4tre c!re !ce0te!F "" !u)u0tM/ )341e0c ! Vita di >esu G "# !u)u0t 34ce+ 0/ 0criu Vita di >esu G I!r uti5u 1i4 cee ci4ci r341uri !e

Zurnalului (1e f!+t, 5!i 5ut * !)e41/. 1i4 "#2$ !4u47!F # *ct*5rie f3rşe0c %toria di !risto 4+ 34 "#2"r 22 Zurnalul e ce&! 5!i 34ti40 ("% +!)i4i., 1!r 4u )/0i5 4ici * i41ic!7ie re!ti& ! &i!7! ui rei)i*!0/ I!r 34 !+riie"#26 340e!54/F A+!re Eomo %elvatico+ 34ce+ %econda #ascita4+ Cu=r341 1u+/ !cee! P!+i4i !!41*4e!/

Zurnalul, +e c!re=" &! reu! 0+*r!1ic 34 "#6$=6" (+!tru +!)i4i., 1!r 4u &! 34ce+e 0/=" 0crie cu re)u!rit!te 1ec3t1i4 0e+te5rie "#<2 Vi4ti/ @*ri! reu5/ şi c*5e4te!/ cu 0i5+!tie La seconda nascita f**0i41 *4ce!5/4u4t !ut*i*)r!fic c! 0/ rec*40tituie !t5*0fer! 34 c!re ! 34ce+ut şi 0=! 35+i4it c*4&er0iu4e! ui P!+i4iD!r +e u4/ 1re+t!te !ut*ru 0e c*4ce4tre!/ !0u+r! Vie&ii lui !"ristos c! 0/ 347ee!)/ 4u 4u5!i +0i'**)i! +r*!0+/tuui c*4&ertit c!re er! P!+i4i 34 "#"#, 1!r şi &iiu4e! creşti4/ ! I0t*riei +e c!re şi=! 1e0uşit=* e !tu4ciAce0t c!+it*, c! şi cee 1*u/ ur5/t*!re Le 0ecret 1e Mic'e A4)e şi Le u)e5e4t 1er4ier !c/tuie0c!*!t/ * eHcee4t/ eHe)e/ ! fi**fiei şi t*t*1!t/ ! creşti4i05uui ui P!+i4i 34 uti5u c!+it* C*4t!ct0 +er0*44e0 5/rturi0eşte i4fue47! +e c!re ! !&ut=* i*&!44i P!+i4i !0u+r! )e4er!7ii*r ti4ere 1i4 R*5;4i!



1i4tre cee 1*u/ r/*!ie şi +*&e0teşte 34t34irie cu /tr34u 0criit*r, +e trei 0ferturi *r, 34 K*re47! !4uui "#<%Ace0te uti5e 2$ 1e +!)i4i 0u4t eHtre5 1e +re7i*!0e Vi4ti/ @*ri! eH+ic/ Occi1e4tuui 0itu!7i! R*5;4iei şi !i4teectu!i*r r*5;4i 34 +re!5! ceui 1e=! 1*ie! r/*i 5*41i! C/ * !0e5e4e! i5+e1e şi cur!*!0/5/rturi0ire 4u &! c34t/ri +re! )reu 34 u1ec!t! u4ui Occi1e4t +e u5/t!te 4!rc*ti!t, i4tere0e!/ 5!i +u7i4I5+*rt!4t e f!+tu c/ u4 !ut*r r*5;4 ! !&ut cur!u 0/ 5/rturi0e!0c/ !1e&/ru 34tr=* e+*c/ 34 c!re i4teectu!ii*cci1e4t!i 0u4t 34 +ri5u r341 +re*cu+!7i 0/ !fe 34c*tr* 0e 341re!+t/ I0t*ri!

T*t !t3t 1e +re7i*!0e 0u4t !5i4tirie ui Vi4ti/ @*ri! 1i4 K*re47! ier4ii "#<% şi fr!)5e4tee 1i4 c*4&er0!7iie +ec!re e=! !&ut cu P!+i4i C!rte! 34tre!)/ e0te 1e !tfe 0cri0/ cu * fr/)ei5e şi * immediate))a c!re * f!ce 0/ fiecitit/, cu5 0e 0+u4e, c! u4 r*5!4SSC II34 ti5+ ce cite!5 c!rte! ui Vi4ti/ @*ri!, recite!5 fr!)5e4te 1i4 0crierie rei)i*!0e şi fi**fice !e uii*&!44i P!+i4i, 34 0*5+tu*!0! e1i7ie 0@pera omnia2 +uic!t/ 1e M*41!1*ri A5 re)/0it, u4/*!r/, 5icu 1!r0u)e0ti&u &*u5 Polemic"e religiose ("#"%., 34 c!re P!+i4i 3şi !1u4!0e * 0erie 1e !rtic*e 0cri0e 34tre "#$8 şi"#"< 34 0tu1iu L! rei)i*4e 0t! 1! 0e (+uic!t 34t3i 34 Rinnpvamento, "#$8. P!+i4i refu! i1e!i05uui uiCr*ce şi e4tie 1re+tu 1e ! +r*c!5! rei)i! * fi**fie i5+erfect/ De! 34 "#$8, !ce0t !teu 0e tru1e! 0/ eH+ice&iit*ri*r 5!ri 5!eştri 0+iritu!i !i It!iei 5*1er4e c/ eH+erie47! rei)i*!0/ e !ut*4*5/ şi c/ &!i1it!te! u4eirei)ii 4u 1e+i41e 4ici 1e te*ri! +e c!re * i5+ic/, 4ici 1e fi**fi! 5*r!/ c!re * 0u07i4e Ce&! 5!i 5utFP!+i4i !15ir! +*tri&ire! 0ufetuui cu u5e!, u4ire! u4i&er0uui cu +!rticu!ru +e c!re * re)/0e! 34 *rice

+uter4ic/ +er0*4!it!te rei)i*!0/ i c*4ti4u!F Rei)i! 4e f!ce 0/ 0i57i5 * Kii47/ i4fi4it/ c!re 0e 5!4ife0t/ c! +er0*!4/G u4 Du54eeu eter4 şi 0+iritu! c!re 0=! f/cut tru+ şi *5 5urit*r Lucrurie !ce0te!, c!re 0u4t !0ur1e +e4tru )341ire! !0tr!ct/, c'i!r +e4tru )341ire! fi**fic/ ! ui @e)e, 0u4t re!it/7i 0i5+e şi tr/ite 34 0ufetu u4ui0f34t Via&a rei)i*!0/ c*4ce+e şi 35+i4eşte 0i4tee c!re 0u4t 1e 4ec*4ce+ut şi i5+*0iie c'i!r +e4tru ce! 5!i341r/4e!7/ 1i!ectic/A5 recitit, 1e !0e5e4e!, !ce! 0tr!4ie şi 5i0teri*!0/ c!rte, L:altra met=, c!re +*!rt/ 1re+t 0utituF 34cerc!re 1efi**fie 5efi0t*fe= ` ic/ Du+/ ce 1i0cut/ cu eru1i7ie, 341r/4e!/ şi f!4teie c3te&! +r*e5e c!re, 34 "#"",înc$ 4u 1e&e4i0er/ ce4tr!e +e4tru )341ire! eur*+e!4/ (+ri4tre !tee, e)e! c*4tr!rii*r, 4e!4tu, i5+*0iiu,i)4*r!47!, 4eu4i! şi +r*e5! r/uui., P!+i4i c*5+u4e !ce eHtr!*r1i4!r +*0t=0cri+tu5 i4titu!t Remuşc$ri+u4t, !ici, c3te&! 5/rturi0iri 1e urr i4tere0 !ut*i*)r!fic eHce+7i*4! Bu4/*!r/, fr!! !ce!0t!F , JD!r c3t 1e !ri1 şi1e !5!r 5i=e 0ufetu, ieşi41 1i4 !ce0te re)iu4i !e )*uui, 34tu4erecuui şi 4e)!ti&uui !uF i, t*tuşi, c3t/cre1i47/ 0e !f/ 34 !ce!0t/ 4ecre1i47/, c3t/ 4/1e1e 34 !ce!0t/ 1e4/1e1e şi c3t tr!)ic 34 !ce0te *curi 1e +!i!7/ Etr!)icu ceui c!re &re! 0/ cre!1/ şi 4u +*!te, ! ceui c!re iueşte !1e&/ru 5!i 5ut 1ec3t +e 0ire 340uşi, şi 4u="

)/0eşte !uF i i!t/ c/ 34 !ce!0t/ c!rte eHi0t/ * 0*u7ieF e cre1i47! 4*!0tr/, e 0+er!47! 4*!0tr/ Nu 4e &*5!+uc! 0/ tr/i5 c! !4i5!eeG 1i5+*tri&/, &*i5 * &i!7/ 5*r!/ 5!i +ur/ c! ce! creşti4/, 5!i 1ur/ c! ce! 0t*ic/227

T*!te !ce0te +!)i4i fi4!e !r treui cit!te, c! 0/ 347ee)e5 0itu!7i! eHi0te47i!/ ! ui P!+i4i ! 2< iu4ie "#"",iu! f34tuui I*!4 34!i4te5er)/t*ru, cu5 +recie!/ c'i!r e, 34 +!r!4te/ Pref!7! * 0cri0e0e ! - !+riie,, J4ti5+ ce 0e 1e0c'i1e ! B**)4! ! +!true! C*4)re0 I4ter4!7i*4! 1e Ki**fie, !1!u) !0e e, t*t 34 +!r!4te/ :4eHe)et, f!0ci4!t 1e semne, &! 5e1it! 341eu4) !0u+r! !ce0t*r 1*u/ +!r!4teeDe !0e5e4e!, 0=!r +ute! 1e0cifr! 34 %ant:'gostino ee5e4tee !ut*i*)r!fice, 1e c!re P!+i4i er! 4u5!i 34 +!rtec*4ştie4t (Nu5!i c!+it*u L! 0ec*41! c*4&er0i*4e !r 5erit! u4 34tre) 0tu1iu 'er5e4eutic C'i!r f!+tu c/P!+i4i ! 0cri0 !ce!0t/ c!rte 1e0+re f34tu\ Au)u0ti4 34tr=* u4/ 1e ie e 0e54ific!ti& Oric3t 1e 5ut !r fi 1ur!t +eri*!1! 1e )e0t!7ie şi 1e 1*cu5e4t!re, P!+i4i 4=!r fi +utut 0crie +e0te +!tru 0ute 1e +!)i4i 4u5!i 34tr=* u4/ 1eie 1!c/, i4c*4ştie4t, 4=!r fi +*&e0tit şi i4ter+ret!t &i!7! f34tuui Au)u0ti4 aşa cum i.ar fi pl$cut s$.şi

povesteasc$ şi s$.şi interprete)e propria.i via&$+2 Pe u4/ 1re+t!te, Vi4ti/ @*ri! 0=! '*t/r3t 0/ c*5e4tee 1*u/

c!+*1*+ere !e 5!turit/7ii Via&a iui Mic"elan.gelo şi Zudecata din urm$ +e4tru ! +ree4t! c*4ce+7iie rei=)i*!0e !e ui P!+i4i K/r/ 341*i!/, 1!c/ !r fi 0cri0 * 5*4*)r!fie 5!i !r)/, 1e <$$=>$$ 1e +!)i4i, !r fi !&ut +rieu 0/ 1i0cute +e 341eete şi !te c/r7i, c! Lettere agii uomini di Papa !elestino VI şi II iavolo+ Aş! cu5 *5/rturi0eşte 34 Zurnal, P!+i4i c*40i1er! Lettere agii uomini *+er! ui rei)i*!0/ ce! 5!i i5+*rt!4t/G 5!ii5+*rt!4t/ c'i!r 1ec3t %toria di !risto, +e4tru c/, 1e 1!t! !ce!0t!, 0e !1re0! 4e!5uui *5e4e0c 34 34tre)i5e! ui,creşti4i, 4ecreşti4i şi !tei, !*!t/C!rte! 34c'i4!t/ Di!&*uui e0te, 1e !0e5e4e!, 0e54ific!ti&/ Pe 1e * +!rte re)/0i5 !ici teriii05u 1i4ti4ere7e! ui P!+i4i, c341 3i +/ce! 0/ 0te! 1e &*r/ cu Di!&*u (şi c3te&! 1i4 +*&e0tirie ui f!4t!0tice cee 5!ireuşite !u c! 0uiect 34t34irie şi 1i0cu7iie cu Di!&*u., !4ii c341 c*5+u4e! fi**fi! 5efi0t*feic/ 1i4 L:'ltramct=+ D!r, +e 1e !t/ +!rte, iavolo rei4tr*1uce 34 +r*e5!tic! te**)iei c*4te5+*r!4e i1ee! rec*4ciieriiu4i&er0!e, !ce! apo8atast$sis +e c!re ! e!*r!t=* )e4i!u Ori)e4 (1e !i! 1e cur341 1e0c*+erit 1e te**)iic!t*ici, 1!r 1i0cut!t 1e N!e I*4e0cu 34 cur0urie ui 1e 5et!fiic/ 34c/ 1i4 "#2-. D!r P!+i4i 5er)e 34c/ şi 5!i1e+!rte, şi !ce!0t! e c*4triu7i! ui *ri)i4!/ ! 0*u7i! +r*e5ei r/uuiF 5e1ite!/ !0u+r! +*0iiit/7ii +e c!re !r SS!&e!=* *!5e4ii 1e !=" f!ce +e !t!4 0/ rei4te)ree 5*1u ui +ri5*r1i! 1e ! fi, 1e 34)er, eier341 !0tfe



*5e4ire! 1e i0+it! R/uui34 !ce!0t/ c!rte r/!te 0+er!47! ui P!+i4i c/ şi Di!&*u !r +ute! fi 534tuit, !0i)ur341 !0tfe 534tuire! întregului4e!5 *5e4e0c (te/ +e c!re * re)/0i5 34 >iudi)io universale2+ Pe 1e !t/ +!rte, II iavolo e i5+*rt!4t şi 1i4 +u4ct 1e &e1ere i*)r!fic 34 +re!5! 34c'eierii Zudec$&ii din urm$, c341 0cri0e0e 1e! &re* < >$$ 1e +!)i4i,P!+i4i ! 34treru+t ucru şi 0=! !+uc!t 1e c!rte! 1e0+re Di!&* C341 0e !+r*+i! 1e 0f3rşit, ! !&ut !t!cu c!re "=! +r/uşit +!r!i!t 34tr=u4 f*t*iu +e4tru t*t re0tu &ie7ii :ti5ee c!+it*e e=! 1ict!t :ti5u c!+it* i4titu!t II

Di!&** 0!r/ 0!&!t* +*!rt/ !ce!0t/ i41ic!7ieF 4*ie5rie "#>6 :ti5! +!)i4/ 0cri0/ 34 Zurnale 1i4 "$ 5!rtie"#>6F A5 trecut u4i u4)i 1e 5e!4c*ie şi 0uferi47e A5 0u+*rt!t t*ru 34 0+er!47! c/ 5/ &*i &i41ec! M=!u0tr/+u40 cu 0eri4)! 1e 0ute 1e *ri, 5i=!u 5!0!t r!7ee şi +ici*!ree D!r 4u +*t 5er)e f/r/ 0/ fiu 0u07i4ut şi 534!1re!+t/ !i! 5!i +*!te, cu 5!re )reut!te, 7i4e c*41eiuAş! ! 34ce+ut u4)!, terii! !)*4ie ! rui P!+i4i, c!re &! fi cit!t/ c341&! +ri4tre cee 5!i eHtr!*r1i4!re ac&iuni +ec!re e=! 35+i4it &re*1!t/ *5u A)*4i! !ce!0t! ! f*0t +*&e0tit/ cu * 1i0cret/ e5*7ie 1e Ri1*fi 34 Via&a lui

Papini+ 34 f*41, şti5 f*!rte +u7i4 1e0+re e-perien&a religioas$ ! ui P!+i4i, 34 !f!r/ 1e !ce!0t/ i4i5!)i4!i/!)*4ie Nu5!i * cre1i47/ 1e e0e47/ eHt!tic/ ! +utut +/0tr! 5i4te! 34tre!)/ şi 0ufetu 0e4i4, 34tr=u4 tru+ c!re1e&e4e! +e 341eete 5*r534t34tr=!1e&/r, +!r!i!t şi *r, P!+i4i 3şi +ier1u0e tre+t!t şi &*rire! şi 0i4)ur! +*0iiit!te 1e ! 5!i c*5u4ic! cu cei&ii ! f*0t, 5ute u4i 1e=! r341u, 0/ !0cute +e u4! 1i4 4e+*!te 0tri)341u=i iteree !f!etuui, u4! 1u+/ !t!, şi 0/34ci4e uş*r c!+u 1u+/ iteree c!re !c/tui!u cu&34tu +e c!re &*i! 0/=" 0+u4/, i +e4tru fiec!re cu&34t, f!t! reu!!f!etu 1e ! 34ce+ut Aş! c*5u4ic! P!+i4i cu *!5e4ii &ii Aş! şi=! 1ict!t uti5ee ui +r*e iter!re

E0te 34c/ u4! 1i4 1*&eie !t*4iei 5*r!e şi 0ecetei 0ufeteşti c!re 34tuie It!i! ie*r 4*!0tre, f!+tu c/ 0=!&*rit şi 0=! 0cri0 !t3t 1e +u7i4 1e0+re !ce0t cutre5ur/t*r eHe5+u 1e t*rturi ! tru+uui şi 1e triu5f! 0+irituui, +ec!re 4i "=! 1!t 5uriu41u P!+i4i De0tu 0/ 4e !5i4ti5 ce=! 340e54!t, şi ce 340e!54/ 34c/, +e4tru iu1!i05!)*4i! ui Kr!4 R*0e4dei), c! 0/ 347ee)e5 c3t e0te 1e !134c/ +r/+!0ti! c!re 1e0+!rte It!i! c*4te5+*r!4/ 1eI0r!e C! şi P!+i4i,SSAKr!4 R*0e4dei) ! 34ce+ut +ri4 ! fi fi**f şi 0criit*rG1!r 1u+/ c*4&ertire! ! iu1!i05 0=! c*40!cr!t +e 1e=!=4tre)u re0t!ur/rii &ie7ii rei)i*!0e ! c*5u4it/7ii e&reieşti 1i4 Kr!4furt K*!rte cur341 1u+/ !cee! ! f*0t *&it 1e * +!r!iie +r*)re0i&/, 0i5i!r/ cu ce! ! ui P!+i4i C! şi P!+i4i, şi=! +/0tr!t 0e4i4/t!te! şi ! c*4ti4u!t 0/ ucree +34/ 34 uti5! ci+/ i e0te f*!rte +r*!i c/, 34t*c5!i c! şi P!+i4i, R*0e4dei) 4=!r fi +utut ieşi &ict*ri*0 1i4!ce!0t/ u4)/ !)*4ie (4*u/ !4i., 1!c/ 4u =!r fi 0u07i4ut cre1i47! De0+re u4u, c! şi 1e0+re ce/!t 0e +*!te 0+u4ec/ *!! şi !)*4i! !u c*40tituit 5!re! 34cerc!re, 1!r şi &!i1!re! &ie7ii *r rei)i*!0e C!u ui P!+i4i e0te 340/ şi5!i tr!)ic, +e4tru c/ ce c!re ! f*0t 34)r*+!t 1e &iu, uc!t/ cu uc!t/, 34 +r*+riu ui tru+, 0e 1*ri0e 34 ti4ere7e!

ui u4 tit!4 +e 5/0ur! ui Mic'e!4)e*De0+re !ce0t P!+i4i, c!re 0u+r!&ie7ui! 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re reuşe! 0/ tr/i!0c/ creşti4eşte, Vi4ti/ @*ri! 0crie c3te&! +!)i4i e5*7i*4!4te Pre! +u7i4e, +e4tru u4 !15ir!t*r ! ui P!+i4i c! 0e54!t!ru !ce0tui !rtic* Kr!)5e4tee1ict!te cu 4e34c'i+uite ef*rturi, şi i4titu!te ericirile nefericitului, 4e 1*&e1e0c c3t 1e !ute4tic/ fu0e0ec*4&ertire! 1i4 "#"# Au f*0t 5u7i 0criit*ri, fi**fi şi c/rtur!ri c!t*ici, 5!i !e0 34 Kr!47! şi 34 u5e! !4)*=0!H*4/, c!re 4=!u creut 4ici*1!t/ 34 c*4&ertire! ui P!+i4i Nu=" +ute!u u! 34 0eri*0 3 c*40i1er!u iter!t, ! c'i!r eHii7i*4i0t, şi c*5+!r!u c*4&ertire! ui cu f!0! şi +r*&i*ri! c*4&ertire ! ui Je!4 C*cte!u A0e5e4e!*+i4ii !u f*0t 1efi4iti& i4&!i1!te +ri4 5/rturi! !1u0/ 1e !)*4i! şi 5*!rte! tr!40fi)ur!t/ ! ui i*&!44i P!+i4iVi4ti/ @*ri! ! 0cri0 * c!rte fru5*!0/, +r*!0+/t/ şi +er0*4!/, c!re i=!r fi +/cut ui P!+i4i M!ree 34&/7!t şi +*i'i0t*r !&e! *r*!re 1e +r*fe0*ri şi eru1i7i şi +reti41e! c/ 4u=i +!c c/r7ie 0!&!4te, cu +!rter *)!t 1e 4*te şi4e0f3rşite ii*)r!fii (Preti41e! c/ 4u=i +!c 1!r e cite! şi e !14*t! cu +!0iu4e, şi r!fturie ii*tecii 0!3e)e5e!u 0u 5iie 1e !0e5e4e! &*u5e 0!&!4te. P!+i4i, 1eci, !r fi citit cu 34c34t!re c!rte! +e c!re i=! 34c'i4!t=*Vi4ti/ @*ri! E0te, 34!i4te 1e t*!te, c!rte! u4ui 0criit*r 4u ! u4ui eru1it 0!u i0t*ric iter!r

D!r 4*i, +u7i4ii +!+i4ie4i c!re !5 5!i r/5!0 ri0i+i7i +ri4 u5e, !5 fi 1*rit * c!rte 1e 1*u/ 0!u trei *ri 5!i 5!re,5!i e!*r!t/ şi 5!i 1e40/ i 4e=!r fi +/cut 0/ fie 0cri0/ 1e Vi4ti/ @*ri!0!uvîniulî"e-il, "#-<. SOa

L' M@'R*' LEI M'*IL' >H7'IL=!5 34t34it uti5! *!r/ !cu5 &re* ece !4i, ! c!fe4e!u! DeuH M!)*t0 Deşi trecu0e 1e ş!+teeci 1e !4i, 5i0=! +/rut 4e0c'i5!t Mi=! !r/t!t 5!4u0cri0u u4ui r*5!4 +*i7i0t, +e c!re &*i! 0/=" +uice 0u +0eu1*4i5 !!i5!r1 Mi=! 5/rturi0it c/ 34 !f!r/ 1e i4tere0u +r*e5ei 34 0i4e (+r*e5! er!F 34 ce 5/0ur/ 5i0teru1e0!cr!i!t, şi c! !t!re +r*&i*riu, +*!te c*40titui u4 )e4 iter!r^., 0cri0e0e r*5!4u şi cu 0+er!47! c/ &! +ute!c3şti)! * 0u5/ 5!i i5+*rt!4t/ Pe4tru !ce!şi 5*ti& tr!1u0e0e, f/r/ 0/ e 0e54ee +e t*!te, !t3te! c/r7i +e4truP!*t i !tu4ci, 1u+/ ce 0t/tu0e5 c3t&! ti5+ 1e &*r/, !5 34ce+ut 0/=5i 1!u 0e!5! c/ 5/ 34şe!0e5F M!ti!'! 4u 5!i er! !ce!şi +e c!re=" cu4*0cu0e5 ! L*41r!, 34 +ri5/&!r! ui "#<$, şi +e c!re=" re34t34i0e5 !

P!ri0, +ri4 "#<-="#<%, 34 1ru5 0+re u4! 1i4 u4i&er0it/7ie 1i4 C!if*r4i!, u41e fu0e0e 4u5it &i0iti4) +r*fe00*r1e e0tetic/ Pri&ite cu !te47ie, '!i4ee ui cur!te, i5+ec!ie, 4u=şi 5!i +ute!u !0cu41e &3r0t!, şi 4ici c/5!ş!,cr!&!t!, +!4t*fii i +!rc/ 1e0c*+ere!i 1e*1!t/, 34 fi)ur! ui c!5/, i5*i/, !+r*!+e 7e!+/4/, * 0tr!4ie **0e!/,



c!re 4u 7i4e! 1e /tr34e7e +e4tru c/ 4i5ic !tce&! 4u 35/tr34i0e 34 M!ti! '!, 4ici 5i4te!, 4ici tru+u Te34tre!i 1!c/ !ce! 4e347ee!0/ i0t*&ire 4u 0e 1!t*reşte 0ur5e4!uui şi &ie7ii 1e 0tu1e4t +e c!re * 1uce!Cur341 1u+/ !cee! !5 ştiut c/ 4u 5/ 34şe!0e5 Lui M!ti!Y '! i=! f*0t 1!t 0/ cu4*!0c/, ! ş!+teeci şi ci4ci1e !4i, &i!7! u4ui 0tu1e4t 0/r!c, tr/i41 1i4 eH+e1ie4te, !1ic/ !cce+t341 *rice fe 1e 5u4c/ i4teectu!/ 0!u5!4u!/ U c! 0/=şi +*!t/ 7i4e iee Nu ştiu ci4e +*!rt/ r/0+u41ere! !ce0tei 4e&re14icii 0tri)/t*!re ! cerF!ut*ru 4euit!tuui Le #ombre d:or 0/ fie 0iit, ! /tr34e7e, 0/ f!c/ +!c'ete ! B*4 M!rc'e (+!c'ete cu '3rtie

c**r!t/, c/ci er! 0/+t/534! Cr/ciu4uui. u4t 0i)ur 340/ c/ e, M!ti! '!, 4u 0=! +340 4ici*1!t/ Ni5/4uiCi4e, 1i4 )e4er!7i! 5e!, 4=! cu4*0cut Le #ombre d:@r, şi 4u 4u5!i 34 Kr!47! şi R*5;4i! 1i4tre cee 1*u/r/*!ie, ci şi 34 +!4i!, P*rtu)!i!, A5eric! L!ti4/^ Pref!7!t/ 1e P!u V!er, Ie #ombre d:@r ! !u40 re+e1eu4! 1i4 c/r7ie 1e c/+/t3i !e eite*r i4teectu!e eur*+e4e Er! 340/ +re! +er0*4!/ c! 0/ +*!t/ fi i4te=SO/)r!t/ 34tr=u4 cure4t fi**fic 0!u iter!r i !+!r7i4e! u4ei u5i c*41!54!te 0/ 1e&i4/ t*t 5!i i5+*+u!r/Fu5e! i1ei*r +ure, ! !r'eti+uri*r, ! i1e!uri*r 5e1iter!4ee4e Nu citi0e5 1ee3t Le #ombre d:@rdm$ =!5 cu4*0cut +e M!ti! '! ! A5!0!1! R*5;4iei 1i4 L*41r!, u41efu0e0e 4u5it 1e cur341 c*40iier cutur! Er! +e !tu4ci u4 /tr34 c!re +/re! +!rc/ t34/r, 1eşi !&e! ş!ieci 1e !4iV*re! * i5/ r*5;4e!0c/ +ur/ şi 0*5+tu*!0/, ! c/rei +erfec7iu4e 5=! 0ur+ri40 ! ci4e&! c!re tr/i0e !t3t 1e 5ut1e+!rte 1e 7!r/, ! c/rui 0*7ie er! e4)e*!ic/ şi c!re 0cri! eHcu0i& 34 fr!47ueşte şi e4)eeşte A5 1e0c*+erit, cu!cee!şi 0ur+ri41ere, c/ er! ! cure4t cu iter!tur! şi cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/, c/ !15ir! +e N!e I*4e0cu şi +eLuc!4 B!)!, c/ citi0e !+r*!+e t*7i +*e7ii r*5;4i c*4te5+*r!4i A5 1e0c*+erit, 1e !0e5e4e!, c/ er! +!0i*4!t 1e

I0t*ri! r*5;4i*r, c*40ut341 ! Briti0' Mu0eu5 &*u5ee 1e 1*cu5e4te 1i4 C*ec7i! @ur5u!i 0!u %tudii şi ocumente 1e N I*r)! 34 &!r! !cee!, "#<$, ! 34ce+ut 0/ ucree ! * I0t*rie Cr*4**)ic/ ! R*5;4i*r, 34tr=u4!4u5it 0e40, * 4*u/ !ronic$ ! ui 'e*r)'e i4c!i, +e4tru f**0u citit*ri*r 1e i5/ e4)e/ A&e! * cutur/i5e40/, u4i&er0!/, şi cite! e4*r5G cite! t*t, ce +u7i4 u4 &*u5 +e i, 34 !f!r/ 1e r*5!4ee +*i7i0te 0!u *cute, +e c!re e cite! 4*+7ie (er!, e&i1e4t, !*4!t ! 5!i 5ute c!i4ete 1e ectur/.Cu4*0c341u=" 5!i i4e, 1e0c*+ere!5 !0+ecte +e c!re 4u e=!ş fi /4uit Bu4/*!r/, !ce0t !5/4u4tF i=!u trecut +ri453i4i c3te&! 5ii 1e f*t*)r!fii 1e fe5ei fru5*!0e, !1u4!te 1i4 u5e! 34tre!)/G er!u fru5*!0e, 1!r eH!5i4341ri)ur*0 +r*+*r7iie fi)uri*r, ! i1e4tific!t 4u5/ru 1e !ur 4u5!i ! * 0i4)ur/ fe5eie, şi 34 ci+! !cee! 0=!341r/)*0tit 1e e! M/rturi0e! !0tfe c/ +r*+*r7i! 1i&i4/ 4u 0e !1re0e!/ 4u5!i i4teectuui, ci !re şi * &r!/eHi0te47i!/ (K*t*)r!fi! e re+r*1u0/ 34 Le #ombre d:@r+2De f*r5!7ie ştii47ific/, 5!te5!tici!4, 0+eci!i0t 34 *)ic/, M!ti! '! er! t*tuşi, şi 34!i4te 1e t*!te, u4 !rti0t +!0i*4!t 1e u4i&er0urie i5!)i4!re R*5!4u ui La Pluie d:%toiles, +uic!t ! !i5!r1 +ri4 "#6$, !r fi 5erit!t0/ 1e&i4/ +*+u!r E0te +*!te 0i4)uru r*5!4 34 c!re &i!7! 1i+*5!tic/ 1i4!i4te 1e +ri5u r/*i 5*41i! 3şi

re&e! * 1i5e40iu4e 0+iritu!/, c*5+!r!i/ cu Les Pleiades ! ui *i4e!u P*!te 4ic/ieri !tu41e&! L*41r!!4i*r "#"$="#"- (5!i +reci0, c!rtieru Jer54 %: 0et. 4u 0e 1e0c*+ere! 5!i feeric/, şi t*tuşi +!rc/ 5i0tuit//u4tric 1e * 5i0teri*!0/ 5e!4c*ieSOS Necu4*0c341 1ec3t fr!)5e4t!r *+er! ui M!ti! '!, 4u=5i 1!u 0e!5! 34 ce 5/0ur/ i4tere0u ui +e4tru *cutşi=! )/0it şi * eH+re0ie iter!r/ P*!te c/ ci4e&! 34tr=* i &! 0crie i0t*ri! 0ecret/ ! 0ucce0uui şi +*+u!rit/7ii Iu7Le

#ombre d:@r+ +er c/ 0=!u +/0tr!t 5/c!r 34 +!rte 0cri0*rie + c!re e=! +ri5it M!ti! '! 1e ! 4u5er*şi,*0curi i4i7i!7i 34 i5+r*!ie şi )r*teşti 0*ciet/7i 0ecrete K!+tu c/ M!ti! '! 0e re&e41ic! 1e ! Pit!)*r! 3i1e0c'i0e0e 1ru5u c/tre t*!te )4*ee şi +0eu1*=er5eii05ee c!re 0u+r!&ie7uie0c, 0uter!4, 34 u5e! 5*1er4/Pri5e! +34/ şi 0cri0*ri 1e ! 5ii*4!ri **0i7i şi curi*şi, i4tere0341u=0e 1e !1re0! u4ei !ute4tice messe noire+E&i1e4t, 4u !ce0t *cut 3 +!0i*4! +e M!ti! '! D!r 4u e 5!i +u7i4 !1e&/r!t c/ u! 34 0eri*0 !t3t1i5e40iu4ie 0ecrete, *cute, !e i0t*riei (5!i !e0 !e i0t*riei c*4te5+*r!4e., c3t şi te'4icie er5etice şieH+erie47ee 1e +!r!+0i'**)ic Cre1e!, u4/*!r/, c/, 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, ! 1*ie! r/*i 5*41i! refecte!/

r/*iu 1i4tre 1*u/ 0*ciet/7i 0ecrete, c!re 4u5!i 0u+erfici! şi +!r7i! +*t fi i1e4tific!te 34 fr!4c5!0*4erie şiOr1i4u C!&!eri*r Teut*4i 34 cee! ce +ri&eşte +!r!+0i'**)i!, 4u 0e 341*i! c/ 0=!u *7i4ut +r*e c*4crete cu +ri&ire ! 0u+r!&ie7uire! 0ufetuui 1u+/ 5*!rte 34tr=* i 5i=! !r/t!t f*t*)r!fi! u4ei c!0e 5!ri şi 5=! 34tre!t ce&/1 I=!5 r/0+u40 c/ &/1 u4 )ru+ 1e0tu 1e 4u5er*0, 0tr340 34 f!7! c!0ei +r*!i * reu4iu4e f!5ii!/ şi1*u/ fi)uri ! * fere!0tr/ 1e ! et! Er! eH!ct, 5i=! eH+ic!t M!ti! '! 35i41 K*t*)r!fi! ! f*0t u!t/ ! *!4i&er0!re Nu5!i/, cee 1*u/ fi)uri +e c!re e &ei ! et!, u4 u4c'i şi * 5/tuş/, 5uri0er/ 34 cur0u !ceui !4D!r, +r*!i, c/ 7i4u0er/ 5ut 0/ !0i0te şi ei ! !4i&er0!reKi)urie er!u, 34tr=!1e&/r, 5!i +!i1e, !+r*!+e şter0e, 1!r creu0e5 c/ !0t! 0e 1!t*reşte f!+tuui c/ f*t*)r!fu 0ec*4ce4tr!0e !0u+r! )ru+uui 1i4 f!7! c!0ei M!ti! '! 4u !&e! 4ici * 341*i!/ !0u+r! !ute4ticit/7ii f*t*)r!fieiL=!5 34tre!t 1e ce 4=* tri5ite *ciet/7ii +e4tru cercet/ri +0i'ice c! 0/ 34ce!+/ !4c'etee 1e ri)*!re Mi=!r/0+u40 c/ 0e *+u4e f!5ii! 34 A4)i!, ! !1/u)!t, c'i!r şi f!4t*5ee 0u4t 0iite 0/ 7i4/ 0e!5/ 1e respectability+++*

M=!5 34tre!t !1e0e! 1e ce, 1u+/ 0ucce0u *7i4ut cu Le #ombre d:@r, M!ti! '! 4u şi=! cucerit u4 *ci4c*4te0t!t 34 SOO



cutur! fr!4ce/ Cre1 c/ u4! 1i4 c!uee eşecuui ! f*0t 5uti!ter!it!te! ui Pe u4 !t +!4, şi 1e +r*+*r7ii 5!ire1u0e, c!u ui M!ti! '! !5i4teşte +e !ce! ! ui *i4e!u A5341*i !u f*0t +re! 34e0tr!7i, şi 34 +re!5ute 1irec7ii 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 !15ir!t*rii r*5!4uui Les Pleiades 4u er!u citit*rii &*u5e*r ssai:sl:inegalite des races "umaines 0!u Les Religions et les P"iloso.p"ies de l:'sie !entrale, t*t !ş! !15ir!t*rii ui Le

#ombre d:@r 4u !u citit L! Pluie d:etoiles, i!r cei c!re iue!u !ce0t r*5!4 4u +ute!u ur5/ri ucr/rie 1e fi**fi!ştii47e*r !+/rute cu+/ "#<>

Pe 1e !t/ +!rte şi i!r/şi !5i4ti41 +e *i4e!u M!ti! '! ! f*0t u4 !5!t*rF ! 0cri0 şi ! +uic!t 4u5!i!tu4ci c341 ! 0*c*tit c/ !re ce&! 1e 0+u0 N=! !&ut, cu5 0e 0+u4e, c*4ti4uit!te, 4ici 34 +r*1uc7i! ui fi**fic/,4ici 34 ce! iter!r/D!r +*!te 5!i e şi !ce0t ucruF M!ti! '! 4u !+!r7i4e!, t*t!, 4ici u4ei cuturi Nu cre1 c/ ! +uic!t ce&!0e54ific!ti& 34 r*5;4eşte, 1eşi fe4*5e4u r*5;4e0c "=! +!0i*4!t t*!t/ &i!7!G ! +uic!t 5!i 5ute c/r7i, u4ee 1e0ucce0, 34 fr!47ueşte, 1!r 4=! tr/it 34 Kr!47! 1ec3t +u7i4, c341 +*!te er! 1e! +re! t3riu, !ş! c/ 4=! f/cut 4ici*1!t/ +!rte 1i4 !ctu!it!te! iter!r/ +!rii!4/G i!r 34 A4)i!, ! c/rei &i!7/ şi cutur/ * cu4*şte! !t3t 1e i4e, er!c*40i1er!t t*tuşi c! u4 eHce4tricYL*41r! +ri5/&erii "#<$, 34 +re!5! 1e/47uirii *fe40i&ei )er5!4e +e fr*4tu fr!4ce B!*!4ee c!+ti&e 0ee)/4!u e4eşe, şi t*tuşi i+0ite 1e )r!7ie, ! 1iferite 34/7i5i Ne 34t34e!5 u4e*ri ! Briti0' Mu0eu5 334t*&/r/şe!5 !t/ 1!t/ 34 r!itee ui +e ! !4tic!ri A&e! * c*ec7ie *)!t/, 0!&!4t/, 1e +u54!e, cu7ite şi i!t!)!4e5!!ee C*4ti4u! 0/ cu5+ere şi !cu5, 1eşi 4u5!i !r!re*ri Cu5 er! f*!rte 5i*+, şi 4u +urt! *c'e!ri, !+r*+i!

0!i! 0curt/, 34c*&*i!t/, 1e *c'i, c! şi cu5 !r fi &rut 0=* 5ir*!0e, şi * +ri&e! 341, !+r*!+e 1et!ş!t O1!t/ şi=!!1u0 !5i4te 1e * tr!1i7ie e)e41!r/ c!re i40i4u! c/ 4u5!i 0/iie c!re !u 0*rit 1e trei *ri 034)e 1e tru+ t34/r5erit/ 0/ fie c*ec7i*4!te, c/ci 4u5!i ee +*!rt/ 4*r*cP*!te c/ i!t!)!4ee şi +u54!ee ui M!ti! '! r/5/0e0er/ 4e34ti4!te C/ci, f/r/ 341*i!/, 4u i=!u !1u0 4*r*c

Paris, iuie "#->0iin&a Rom=neasc$, "#--.SO;

'#*@# ŞI LI' I>ME#.!RJE 34 0/+t/534! Cr/ciu4uui "#>- !5 f*0t +e4tru * c*4feri47/ ! M!4'!tt!4&ie C*e)e *f t'e !cre1 @e!rt,5!e0tu*0 C*e)iu 1e fete, !şe!t +e * c*i4/, 34tre +/1uri, ! &reu4 ce!0 1e Ned n*r=Aici fu0e0e Li! Ceru +r*fe0*!r/ 1e !ti4/ şi it!i!4/, 1e c341 &e4i0e 34 t!tee :4ite şi +34/ ! 5*!rte! ei, 4e!şte+t!t/, 34 &!r! "#-> i!ici 0e )/0eşte !1/+*0tit/, 34tr=* 0!/ !4u5e, ii*tec! *r, ! ui A4t*4 şi Li! Mi=! !r/t!t=* u4! 1i4 c/u)/ri7e,e! 340/şi *rie4t!i0t/, c!re 3i !c/tui! c!t!*)u

M=!5 +i5!t c3t&! ti5+ +ri4 f!7! r!fturi*r +i4e, !ş! cu5 f/cu0e5 1e 5!i 5ute *ri 34 uti5ii !4i, 34!+!rt!5e4tu *r 1e 34)/ C*u5i! :4i&er0itG !ş! cu5 f/cu0e5, uti5! *!r/, 34 !+riie "#-<, * u4/ 1u+/5*!rte! ui A4t*4 Pri&i41u=e c/r7ie, r/0f*i41 5!1/ree 1e 4*te şi 5!4u0cri0e !e ui A4t*4, 5=!5 /0!t +ri401e !5i4tiri, i0+itit 1e tri0te7e C/ci !r!re*ri 5i=! f*0t 1!t 0/ 34t34e0c !t3t! 4e4*r*c, şi cu !t3t 5!i )reu 1e 347ee0cu c3t r/uf4i0e 1e*1!t/, 34 5i*cu u4ei &ie7i şi ! 34ce+utu u4ei c!riere, +e c!re t*7i * 0*c*te!5 eHce+7i*4! 1e4*r*c*!0/ 34tr=!1e&/r, c341 ! f*0t r/+u0, 34 +re!5! ce*r <$ 1e !4i, A4t*4 Zi)5u41=Ceru er! 1e ci4ci !4i +r*fe0*r=!0i0te4t 1e I0t*ri! rei)ii*r *rie4t!e ! C*u5i! :4i&er0it Ku0e0e 4u5it f/r/ 1*ct*r!t şi f/r/ ucr/ri +uic!te, şi t*7i 0*c*te!5 4u5ire! !ce!0t! 4u 4u5!i * 5!re ci40te, 1!r şi * 1*&!1/ 1e 5!re 4*r*c35i !1uc şi !cu5 !5i4te !ce! 1u+/=!5i!/ 1e &!r/, 34 "#<%, c341 ! &e4it 0/ 5/ &!1/ ! @;te 1e ue1e, 34 rueV!4e!u, +r*!0+/t 0*0it 1i4 7!r/ 3şi u!0e ice47! 34 Litere, 0+eci!it!te! i5ie c!0ice, ! Bucureşti, şi er!4er/1/t*r 0/ 0e !+uce 1e 0!40crit/ Mi=! 5/rturi0it c/, 34c/ 1i4 iceu, citi0e c3te&! c/r7i 1e=!e 5ee, şi="fer5ec!0er/ I41i! şi fi**fi! *rie4t!/ A5 !f!t 5!i t3riu c/ 0e c*4&erti0e, 34 ti5+u r/*iuui, 1u+/ ce ur5!0eu4 cur0 1e0+re fi**fi! f34tuui T*5!, ! c!te1r!! f I*0if 1i4 Bucureşti (i 0i4)uruui *r c*+i i=!u 1!t

4u5ee 1e T*5!. Li! &e4i0e c! 0/ 0e 0+eci!iee 34 fi**)i! c!0ic/, 1!r 1u+/ c37i&! !4i 34&/7!0e !r5e!4! şi0iri!c! şi 34ce+u0e 0/ 0tu1iee !r!! şi i5ie c!uc!ie4e A&e!u !5341*i 5!re uşuri47/ ! 34&/7!tu i5i*r 34 +re!5! &e4irii *r 34 t!tee :4ite, cre1 c/ şti!u, 35+reu4/, +e0te 1*u/eci 1e i5iDu+/ 0!40crit/ şi tiet!4/, +e c!re e 0tu1i!0e cu L Re4*u, Kii*!t şi M!rcee L!*u, A4t*4 0e !+uc!0e 1ei5ie 1r!&i1ie4eSO<cu P Meie şi, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, 0e c*4ce4tr!0e !0u+r! !4!5itei şi 0i!5eei, şi 0e 4u5/r! +ri4tre cei 5!i u4iee&i !i ui C*e1e0 De !tfe, c//t*ri! ui 1e 0tu1ii 34 i!5, +ri4 "#>8="#>#, ! f/cut=* 1!t*rit/ 34 u4/ +!rte +r*fe0*ruui C*e1e0 Ace!0t/ uşuri47/ şi !ce!0t/ 4e5/r)i4it/ curi*it!te 4u er!u f/cute 0/=i 34e04e!0c/ 0itu!7i! 345e1iie !c!1e5ice fr!4cee Nu * 1!t/, u4ii 1i4 +r*fe0*ri, &/341 c/ trec !4ii şi A4t*4, 34 *c 0/=şi +re)/te!0c/te! 1e 1*ct*r!t, 0e !+uc/ 0/ 34&e7e !te i5i şi 0/=şi 340uşe!0c/ !te 1i0ci+i4e, 5i 0e +i34)e!u, !cu341u=" c/ 0e1i0+er0e!/ +re! 5ut Z!1!r4ic 34cerc!5 0/ e eH+ic c/ 4u er! &*r! 1e * 1i0+er0!re, ci 1e * 4*i/ tr!1i7iecutur!/ r*5;4e!0c/ Le !5i4te!5 c/, 4/0cut şi f*r5!t 34 R*5;4i!, A4t*4 Ceru 0i57e!, c! !t37i! !7ii 34!i4te!ui, +ri5e1i! +r*&i4ci!i05uui cutur! 341!t/ ce i 0e +/re! c/ 1e&i4e +ri*4ieru u4ei 0i4)ure 0+eci!it/7iCuri*it!te! ui u4i&er0!/ er!, 1e !tfe, ce! 5!i u4/ i4tr*1ucere 34 c!rier! +e4tru c!re 0e +re)/te!F !cee! 1e



i0t*ric ! rei)ii*r Nu ştiu 1!c/ !r fi !u40 &re*1!t/ 0/ 0crie * c!rte mare 1!r !ş! !r fi &rut 0/ 1euteeF cu * &!0t/ 5*4*)r!fie, +i4/1e f!+te şi i1ei, !0e5e4e! &e0titei tee 1e 1*ct*r!t ! ui L*ui0 M!00i)4*4 1e0+re A @!! 0!u ! 5!i rece4tei Eepopee et le barde au *ibet ! +r*fe0*ruui ui 1e tiet!4/, R*f tei4 Nu ştiu 4ici 5/c!r c3t ! !+uc!t 0/ re1!ctee1i4 te/, ! c/rei 0uiect 3 0c'i5!0e 1e 5!i 5ute *ri 34 uti5ii !4i Cre1 c/, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, 0e *+ri0e !0u+r!t!4tri05uui u11'i0t cri! )reu şi er!, cu5 0e 0+u4e, u4 +erfec7i*4i0t A +uic!t 1*!r c3te&! !rtic*e 1e

0+eci!it!te, 0curte, eru1ite, 1e * eHtre5/ 1e40it!te şi c*4ciieF ,JL! +ref!ce 1u bDe *r!ti*4eS 1E&!)re (34 'cta P"ilologica, II, R*5!, "#>#, ++ 2>"=2>%.G T'e !1!4)!*)! (34 History of Religions, III, "#-6, ++"28="6<.G p +r*+*0 1u4 t!r! h'5er (34 'rtibus 'siae, "#-$.G u4 !rtic* 1e0+re rei)iie 0i!5ee 34 7airos1 şi!te c3te&! 4*te şi !rtic*e 34 re&i0tee r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHiD!r er! 1e0tu c! ci4e&!, c*5+ete4t, 0/ 0te! u4 ce!0, 1*u/ 1e &*r/ cu A4t*4 Ceru, c! 0/=şi 1e! 0e!5! 1ei5e40! ui cutur/ şi te5ei4ic! ui +re)/tire fi**)ic/ şi i0t*ric/ Aş! ! şi f*0t, 1e !tfe, i4&it!t 0/ 7i4/ cur0uri1e0+re rei)iie !0i!tice ! C*u5i! :4i&er=0itF 1u+/ ce 0t/tu0e 1e &*r/ cu u4u 1i4 +r*fe0*ri, J!c* T!ue0, 34trecere +ri4 P!ri0 C341 T!ue0 5/ ru)!0e0/ e rec*5!41 u4 t34/r i0t*ric ! rei)ii*r 1i4 Eur*+!, i=!5 &*rit 1eA4t*4 Nu !re 34c/ 1*ct*r!tu, i=!5 0+u0, şi 4u ştiu c341 şi=" &! u!, 1eşi 3 +re)/teşte 1e &re* 1*i0+reece !4iD!r 1u=te ş3 0t!i 1e &*r/ cu eSOC A0t! ! f*0t 1e !u40A4t*4 Zi)5u41=Ceru ucr! c! şi cu5 !r fi !&ut 34c/ 6$=<$ 1e !4i u4i 34 f!7! ui Nu 0e )r/e!G şi, 5!i !e0, 4u

!cce+t! 0/=şi 34)r/1e!0c/ ecturie, 4ici 0/=şi c*4tr*ee curi*it!te! II i4tere0! t*t 1e ! +*ei! c*4te5+*r!4/0u1=!5eric!4/ ! 5uic! 1*1ec!f*4ic/, 0*ci**)i! 0u1=e0t !0i!tic/, +rei0t*ri! Bucureştiuui 0!u 3i4ee ru0eştiD!c/ !r fi tr/it, 0=!r fi 340cri0 +e i4i! e4cic*=+e1işti*r şi 5!ri*r eru1i7i r*5;4i, 1e ! C!4te5ir ! V!0ie B*)re!şi N I*r)! :4 !ut*r 3i re&e! u4 !tu, * c!rte 3 1uce! ! !t! Du+/ ce i=!5 1!t 0/ cite!0c/, 34 5!4u0cri0,

#oaptea de %în)iene, 5i=! 0+u0 c/, 34c'ei41=*, "=! !+uc!t 1*ru 0/ cite!0c/ t*!te r*5!4ee 5ee, +uic!te34!i4te 1e r/*i 34 7!r/ Le=! )/0it +ri4 ii*teci şi +e ! +riete4i, 0=! 34ti40 34 +!t şi 4u 0=! 0cu!t +34/ 4u e=!recitit +e t*!tei !+*i, +e 4e!şte+t!te, 34 &!r! "#-6, !i! f4t*r0 ! P!ri0 +e4tru &!c!47/, ! c/ut )reu *4!& 1e i4i5/ I4 t*!54/,! f*0t *+er!t ! Ned n*rF *+er!7ie )re!, u4)/ ("2 ce!0uri., c!re reuşi0e, t*tuşi, 0e 0+u4e!, +erfect D!r r/5/0e0ecu * 'e+!tit/, tr!405i0/ +r*!i +ri4 034)ee c*+i*0 +u0 ! 1i0+*i7ie 1e +riete4i, 0tu1e47i, c*e)i (!şte+t!u t*7i,!/turi 1e 0!! 1e *+er!7ie, 0/ e &i4/ r341u ! tr!40fuie. I4 uti5! ui 0cri0*!re, 1e ! "6 feru!rie "#-<, 35i0+u4e! c/ 0t/ 1e 1*u/ u4i 34 +!t, u+t341u=0e cu )re7uri şi !5e7ei, !şte+t341 0/ i4tre 1i4 4*u ! ci4ic/, +e4tru *4*u/ *+er!7ie i !1/u)!F V*i fi !&ut, *1!t/ cu cei <$ 1e !4i 0er!7i ! 0+it!, * !1e&/r!t/ i4i7iere, rei4tr!re 34

u5i4/ 1u+/ * tr!&er0!re ! u4ui 5*40tru !4*4i5, 1!r f;c341 cert +!rte 1i4 5it**)i! 5e! +er0*4!/ M/ r*) şi0+er c! ! &iit*!re! 34&iere 0/ fiu 34 +*i7ie &ertic!/, c!+!i 0/ * +ri5e0c, !ş! cu5 * !şte+t N=! 5!i !+uc!t 34&iere! 1i4 "#-< L! "$ 5!rtie, 34 ci4ic/, 1u+/ c3te&! ie )ree, u+t341 0/ 0u+r!&ie7ui!0c/, 0u5!0c! 1e *Hi)e4, "=! r/+u0 u4 !t!c 1e i4i5/ Li! 35i 0+u4e! c/ re+et! 4ec*4te4itF ,,Nu &re!u 0/ 5*r, 4u &re!u0/ 5*r Nu er!, 1e0i)ur, fric! 1e 5*!rte D!r 1u+/ "8 !4i 3şi re34t34i0e 5!5!, 0*0it/ 1e f*!rte cur341 1i4 I0r!eF cu *0e!r/ 5!i 34!i4te, 3şi &/u0e /i!tuG i!r, ! cerere! ui, Li! 3i !1u0e0e, 34 !ce! 0/+t/=534/, 34c/ u4 5!1/r 1ec/r7i 1e ! ii*tec/Ci4ci0+reece u4i 34 ur5/ 5ure! şi Li! Ceru, 34 +re!5! u4ei 4*i c//t*rii ! P!ri0, u41e 0+er! 0/ +u4/ ! +u4ct, f*!rte cur341, te! 1e 1*ct*r!tSO/i !0tfe 0e 34c'eie 34c/ * +*&e0te cu 4e4*r*c 1i4 i0t*ri! eHiuui r*5;4e0c I!r 0!&!4tu 34 c/ut!re 1e teHte r!retiet!4e, 0i!5ee şi 5*4)*e, şi, 5!i !e0, citit*ru 1*r4ic 0/ c*40ute ucr/ri rece4te 1e f*c*r şi et4*)r!fie

r*5;4e!0c/, &! treui 0/ 0e 341re+te 0+re M!4'!tt!4&ie C*e)e *f t'e !cre1 @e!rt, u41e, 3'tr=* 34c/+ere 34c!re +!rc/ 4ici*1!t/ ci4e&! 4=! 341r/4it 0/ ri1ice )!0u, M*t'er Ki0e ucre!/ 34c/ ! c!t!*)u ii*tecii uiA4t*4 şi Li! Zi)5u41=Ceru0Revista scriitorilor rom=ni, "#--.

P@P'% L' !I#!I%PR! '#I R/0f*ie0c 1i4 4*u, fi 4u f/r/ *!rec!re 5e!4c*ie (ci4e !r fi creut c/ eHiu 0e &! +reu4)i !t3t^., uti5u &*u51i4 estin, ! ci4ci0+reecee! Nu 34c!+e 341*i!/ c/ !ce!0t/ !15ir!i/ *+er/ ! ui e*r)e :0c/te0cu şi !c*!*r!t*ri*r 0/i 1e ! M!1ri1 re+rei4t/ u4! 1i4 cee 5!i 0e54ific!ti&e &ict*rii cutur!e r*5;4eşti 1i4 eHi 34 +ri5u r341, e0te * 1*&!1/ 1e c*4ti4uit!teG !1ic/, 34 f*41, 1e ce=!5 f*0t, şi 0u4te5 34c/, i+0i7i 4*i, r*5;4ii(E&i1e4t, 4u 34t*t1e!u4! 1i4 &i4! 4*!0tr/. !incispre)ece !4i c*40tituie * 1ur!t/ eHce+7i*4!/ c'i!r 34 i0t*ri!re&i0te*r cutur!e 1i4 R*5;4i! ier/ %$m$n$tosvl, u4/*!r/, 4=! +utut 1ur! !t3tC341 0e &! 0crie 0t*ri! cuturii r*5;4eşti 34 eHi, re&i0t! şi c*ec7i! estin &*r !c/tui u4 c!+it* +!0i*4!4t Nu4u5!i +e4tru 5!teri!u c*40i1er!i +uic!t (! cee "> f!0cic*e 0e !1!u)/ !te *+t &*u5e e1it!te 34 C*ec7i!De0ti4. D!r şi +e4tru &!riet!te! teHte*r şi 1i&er0it!te! c*!*r/ri*r C! şi Luceaf$rul 34 "#<8=<#, +recu5 şi

Revista %criitorilor Rom=ni 1u+/ "#-2 şi iin&a Rom=neasc$ 1u+/ "#-6, re&i0t! ui e*r)e :0c/te0cu ! 34cur!!t



t*!te *rie4t/rie iter!re şi tr!1i7iie cutur!e criit*ri c!re, 34 7!r! ier/, !r fi c*!*r!t eHcu0i& ! >îndirea 0!u! %bur$toml, ! Via&a Rom=neasc$ 0!u ! Iconar, şi=!u 1!t 34t34ire 34 estin !ş! cu5 şi=!u 1!t 34 +!)i4ietutur*r re&i0te*r iter!re 1i4 eHi A0t! 4u 340e!54/, fireşte, c/ t*!te !ce0te +uic!7ii +eri*1ice 0e !0e!5/4/ 34treee !aete de or, u4/*!r/, şi=!u 1e0c*+erit 1e ! 34ce+ut * 0tructur/ cu t*tu +er0*4!/ Deşi !aetele de or au34ce+ut 0/ !+!r/ f*!rte cur341 1u+/ Luceaf$rul,SO

0e 1e*0ee0c 4et 1e +ri5! re&i0t/ iter!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ 1i4 eHi (D!c/ 4=!r fi 1ec3t f!+tu c/ re1!ct*rii !aetelor 4=!u +uic!t +r*/ e+ic/, ci 34 +ri5u r341 +*eie, 5et!fiic/, e0eu, 5e5*ri!i0tic/.34 re&i0t! estin !u !+/rut 1e !0e5e4e! 1e40e şi utie 0tu1ii 1e +*itic/ şi 1e fi**fi! I0t*riei 34tr=u4 !4u5it 0e400e +*!te 0+u4e c/ estin ! 7i4ut 5!i 5ut 0e!5! 1e re!it/7ie i0t*rice şi +*itice r*5;4eşti 1ec3t *ric!re !t/re&i0t/ iter!r/ 1i4 eHi A0t! 0e 1!t*reşte şi f!+tuui c/ e*r)e :0c/te0cu e0te e 340uşi +re*cu+!t 1e +r*e5ee +*itice şi 1e fi**fi! I0t*riei Pe 1e !t/ +!rte, !r fi )reşit 0/ 0e cre!1/ c/ 5!0i&! c*!*r!re iter!r/ şi +!)i4ie1e critic/ !rti0tic/ +uic!te 34 estin, ca şi, 1e !tfe, 34 cee!te re&i0te iter!re 1i4 eHi, !r re+ree4t! 1*!r *!cti&it!te eetri0tic/, f/r/ e)/tur/ cu 5*5e4tu i0t*ric r*5;4e0c şi f/r/ 0e54ific!7ie +*itic/ Di5+*tri&/,34 eHiu r*5;4e0c c!, 1e !tfe, 34 *rice !t/ e5i)r!7ie 1e 1i4c*!ce 1e C*rti4! 1e fier !cti&it!te! cutur!/,34 +ri5u r341 cre!7i! iter!r/, c*40tituie +ri4 eHcee47/ o oper$ politic$+34 t*!te e+*cie 1e cri/ +r*fu41/ şi r!1ic!/ +ref!cere, cre!7i! cutur!/ !re fu4c7ie şi &!*!re +*itic/ 3435+reur/rie 1e !0t/i,(340/, cre!7iie cutur!e !ute4tice 1e&i4, +ri4 0i5+! *r 35+i4ire, i40tru5e4tee +*itice 5!*re Nu e &*r! 1e

+*iti!re! iter!turii, 0!u ! i0t*ri*)r!fiei, 0!u ! criticii !rti0tice şi iter!re, 0!u ! fi**fiei A0e5e4e!fe4*5e4e 1e +*iti!re ! cuturii, i4e cu4*0cute 34 RPR c! şi 34 t*!te cee!te 7/ri c*5u4i0te, 4u!c/tuie0c 1ec3t +0eu1*5*rf*e i+0ite 1e i4tere0 e40u +*itic ! cre!7ii*r cutur!e 1i4 eHi 0t/ 34 c'i!r f!+tuc/ ee 0=!u re!i!t 34 libertate+ Pri4 *+er! +*e7i*r, +r*!t*ri*r, fi**fi*r, i0t*rici*r şi !rtişti*r 1i4 eHi, 0e +/0tre!/ şi 0e 34tre)eşte !ce! &iiu4e 0+iri= tu!/ autentic$, 0+ecific/ 4e!5uui r*5;4e0c, 5uti!t/ şi f!0ific!t/34 7!r/ C*4ti4uit!te! cre!ti&it/7ii r*5;4eşti +e0te '*t!re c*40tituie, 1e f!+t, c*4ti4uit!te! i1e4tit/7ii 4!7i*4!e 34&re5urie 1e !i, +/0tr!re! şi +r*c!5!re! i1e4tit/7ii 4!7i*4!e ec'i&!e!/ cu u4 f*!rte uti şi eficie4t !ct +*iticE0te 5eritu ui e*r)e :0c/te0cu şi ! )ru+/rii estin c/ ! 347ee0 1e 5ut !ce0t ucru, şi "=! iu0tr!t !t3t 1ec*4&i4)/t*r 34 +!)i4ie re&i0tei 1e ! M!1ri1 C'ic!)*, iu4ie "#--0est", "#--.SOA

R'>M#* P#*RE '# J@**'I4 5!40!r1! 5e! 1i4 tr!1! Me*1iei 4r ", D!4 B*tt! 0e +i5! t*t1e!u4! cu 5ut/ )ri/, +!rc/ t*t i=!r fi f*0t

te!5/ c/ 0=!r +ute! *&i cu creştetu 1e t!&!4 Er! 34!t, *41, fru5*0, şi 35etu ui er! +e0te +uti47/ 1e 1e0cri0(1e 0t!tuie^ 1e fe5eie^ 1e c*+i treit 1i4tr=u4 &i0 cu !4i5!e cu&34t/t*!re^. C341 cit! u4 &er0, 0!u re+et! cu34c34t!re u4 cu&34t *)!t, 1!r 5!i !e0 c341 &*re! 1e0+re u4u 1i4 !1e&/r!7ii ui c*4te5+*r!4i ()recii c!0ici,fe5eie fru5*!0e, Pr*u0t, +*ei! +*+u!r/. 34/7! r!7u şi=şi c/ti4! !5e4i47/t*r 1e)etu !r/t/t*r De)etu!+*1ictic, cu5 3i +/ce! ui 0/ 0+u4/L=!5 cu4*0cut 34 i!r4! "#62 M/ 34t*r0e0e5 1i4 I41i! şi=5i f/ce!5 0er&iciu 5iit!r ! re)i5e4tu 1e !rtierie!4ti!eri!4/ 1e ! 'e4ce! Du+/ ce fu0e0e5 1e0c!!r5!t, &e4e!5 0erie !c!0/ Aş! =!5 )/0it *1!t/ !şte+t341u=5/ 34 5!40!r1/ M!5! 3 +*fti0e 0/ urce şi=i !1u0e0e c!fe! O /u0e ! )ur! 0*ei, +ri&i41 /r!ticu Ne34t34i0e5 +34/ !tu4ci 1*!r 1e c3te&! *ri, 1!r er!5 +e c!e 1e ! 4e 35+riete4i A5 347ee0 5!i t3riu ce "=! f/cut0/ c!ute !ce!0t/ +riete4ie, +e4tru c/ D!4 B*tt! er! 1i0cret şi 0fi*0, i!r u5e! )341uri*r 4*!0tre 4u er! !cee!şiD!r B*tt! !&e! * 5!re 0ti5/ şi * 0/iciu4e +e4tru fi**)ie, eHe)e/ iter!r/, 'er5e4eutic/ 35i 1/rui0e, 34!i4te1e ! 5/ cu4*!şte, &*u5u ui 1e +*e5e, ulalii, şi 34c/ 1e ! +ri5! 4*!0tr/ 34t34ire 3i 0+u0e0e5 c/ 34 eH+re0i!5ir!te ceruri, cu&34tu 5ir!te e u4 it!ie4i05, 340e54341 *)i41iteG şi=" 34tre!0e5 ci4e ! irf!i utii!t

cu&34tu 34 !ce0t 0e40 Mi=! r/0+u40F Mir*4 C*0ti4 Nu=şi +ute! !0cu41e 34c34t!re! c/ re5!rc!0e5 !ce0t !5/4u4t şi +*!te !0t! ! 340e54!t 34ce+utu +riete4iei 4*!0tre34 !ce! 0e!r/ 1e feru!rie "#62 &e4i0e 0/ 5/ &!1/ cu u4 0c*+ +reci0 De0c*+eri0e M=mo8es d: outis.tom+be+ Cefru5*0 eHc!5/ (şi 1i4tre t*7i cei c!re =!u cu4*0cut, ci4e !r +ute! uit! &re*1!t/ feu cu5 +r*4u47! D!4 B*tt!!ce0te 1*u/ cu&i4te^. Ce fru5*0 re+et/ e tre5ur341u=şi e5*7i*4!t 1e)etu şi 34/7341u=" tre+t!t, +34/ ce 0=!r fi +/rut c/ 4u=" 5!i +*!te 34/7!, şi !tu4ci 3 34cre5e4i 1e*1!t/, 34 1re+tu t35+ei, şi 34ce+u 0/ recite R341uri34tre)i, +e c!re e r*0te! c! +e * i4c!4t!7ie, 34treru+341u=0e, re+et341 u4ee eH+re0ii, reu341 !4u5ite fr!e 1e !34ce+ut A+*i 0e *+ri ru0c, 0u)ru5!t Mi 0e +/ru0e 35u*r!t ! f!7/, 5i 0e +/ru0e, * ci+/, c!ri /re0c *c'ii0c/1!7i 34 !cri5i, şi +e4tru c/S;B1e=!i! 3 cu4*şte!5, t/ce!5 34curc!t A5 1e0c*+erit fervoarea, &*ri 5!i t3riu N=!5 creut +34/ !cu5 34fer&*!reMi 0=! +/rut c/ !r 5!i fi &rut 0/ !1!u)e ce&!, 1!r 0=! r/)341it 34 !ce! 0e!r/ er! i4&it!t ! 5!0/, şi 1e! 34t3ri!0ei=! u!t 5!cfer=!4u )r*0 +e 534/ şi ! c**r3t !er)341 tr/ie er!u 34c/ tr*ie4ite, 1!r 0+u4e! c/ ui 4u 3i e fri)34 !ce! &!r/ "#62, u4 )ru+ 1e !rtişti şi 0criit*ri ! 34ce+ut 0/ 0e !1u4e, 1u5i4icie 1u+/=!5i!/, 34 )r/1i4! ui M!c

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C*40t!4ti4e0cu şi ! K*riei C!+0!i, c! 0/ *!ce &*e! Pri5u 4uceu er! !c/tuit 1i4 Mirce! Vuc/4e0+u,Mi'!i e!0ti!4, Mi'!i P*i'r*=4i!1e, D!4 B*tt!, Petru C*5!r4e0cu, @!i) Acteri!4, M!riett! !1*&!, I*4C/u)/ru, P!u şi M!r)!ret! teri!4, Li P*+*&ici, Mirce! Ei!1e Du+/ ce 0e 340er!, 5er)e!5 cu t*7i !c3rciu5ie 1i4 c!rtier, şi r/534e!5 +34/ t3riu 1e &*r/ Aş! 0=! 34firi+!t )ru+u Criteri*4 Nu5ee "=! )/0itPetru C*5!r4e0cu 34tr=* 0e!r/, C*5!r4e0cu 4e=! cerut ! fiec!re * 5ie 1e eiG şi cu !ceşti !4i ! 34c'iri!t 0!!Ku41!7iei Re)!e şi ! ti+/rit !fişe T*!54!, Criteri*4 ! i4!u)ur!t 0eri! 1e 0i5+*i*!4e c!re "=! f/cut ceeru 34

c3te&! u4i bD!r 4u 1e0+re ce ! 340e54!t Criteri*4 34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 1i4tre cee 1*u/ r/*!ie &*i 0crie !0t/i Aici&re!u 0/=5i !5i4te0c 1e0+re +ree47! ui D!4 B*tt! +ri4tre 4*i şi r*u +e c!re "=! !&ut e 34 !rticu!re! 0+irituuiCriteri*4uui Deşi ! +!rtici+!t 1e0tu 1e r!r ! 0i5+*i*!4e, er! 34t*t1e!u4! 1e f!7/ ! +re)/tire! *r, !1ic/ !1i0triuire! 0uiecte*r şi !e)ere! c*4fere47i!ri*r i !+*i, er! 4ei+0it ! 1i0cu7iie c!re ur5!u (1e *icei, !C*4ti4e4t! 0!u ! C!fe4e!u! C*r0*. C! 4*i t*7i, D!4 B*tt! fu0e0e 0ur+ri40 1e +r*+*r7iie 0ucce0uuiG,Criteri*4uui !! Ku41!7iei !u40e0e 4e34c/+/t*!re şi 5!*rit!te! 0i5+*i*!4e*r !u treuit 0/ fie re+et!te(ce 1e0+re Kreu1 ! f*0t re+et!t 1e trei *ri şi reu!t 34 &re* ece *r!şe 1e +r*&i4cie. D!r !ce0t 4e!şte+t!t 0ucce0i5+ic!, 34 *c'ii ui D!4 B*tt!, * )r!&/ r/0+u41ere +e4tru 5e5rii Criteri*4uui Cu5 0+u4e! eF Pe4tru 34t3i!*!r/ 34 Bucureşti, stilul f!ce 0!/ +i4/ %tilul 340e54!, +e4tru D!4 B*tt!, c!+!cit!te! 1e ! 34fru4t! 5!rie +r*e5e cu 0e4i4/t!te, c*5+ete47/ şi ee)!47/ ucce0u Criteri*4uui 1e5*40tr! c/ e0e47ee 0u4t !cce0iiec'i!r şi 5!reui +uic A0t! 340e54! c/ fe4*5e4u r*5;4e0c er! 0u0ce+tii 0/ fie eH+ri5!t 4u 4u5!i +ri4cre!7ii 1e 0tructur/ f*c*ric/, ci şi +ri4tr=* cutur/ 5!*r/ (c!re, eu ti5+u, !r fi 34*cuit cutur! 5i4*r/,

+r*&i4ci!/, 34 c!re 4e 34&/7!0e5 0/ tr/i5.241 .

D!4 B*tt! 0e 4u5/r! +ri4tre !cei, +u7i4i, i4teectu!i c!re 4u 0ufere!u 1e c*5+eHu 1e i4feri*rit!te 1e ! 0e fi4/0cut r*5;4i Nu !&e! 4i5ic 0tri)/t*r +!tri*tic 34 +urt!re! ui, şi 34 4ici u4 c! 4u +ute! fi c*40i1er!t u4tr!1i7i*4!i0t +ur şi 0i5+u D!r er! t*t !t3t 1e e4tui!05!t 1e )e4iu +*+u!r r*5;4e0c +e c3t er! 1e R!ci4e 0!u1e Pr*u0t A&e! *r*!re 1e +0eu1*cutur/ şi 1e ur)'eie, +e4tru c/ i 0e +/re!u 5e1i*cre şi 0terie Cre1e! (!/turi1e !7i c37i&!, +ri4tre c!re 5/ 4u5/r!5. c/ 1!c/ * cutur/ 3şi re&ee!/ c*4ştie4t e0e47ee 34tr=* cre!7ie +*etic/, 34tr=* fi**fie, 34tr=* *+er/ 0+iritu!/ 1e&i4e +ri4 340uşi !ce0t c*4ce+t * cutur/ 5!*r/G c'i!r 1!c/,1!t*rit/ i5ii 34 c!re !u f*0t eH+ri5!te, &!*rie ei iter!re 4u 0e +*t ucur! 1e * circu!7ie u4i&er0!/De !ici, +!0iu4e! ui D!4 B*tt! +e4tru e0e47e De !ici, 1e !0e5e4e!, c*4&i4)erie ui c/ 4u5!i c!0ici05u(*rice ti+ 1e c!0ici05, 4u 4u5!i ce )rec*=!ti4. +*!te c*40titui 0ur0! eHe5+!r/ 1e i40+ir!7ie Pe4tru c/, 0+u4e!B*tt!, f!5ii!ri341u=te cu &!*rie c!0ice, 37i re&eei e0e47ee şi 34&e7i 0/ e 1e0c*+eri !c** u41e 4u e &e1e!i5!i 34!i4teG u41e, +*!te, 4u e &e1e! 4i5e4i 5!i 34!i4te (Nu5!i u4 c!0ici0t, cre1e! D!4 B*tt!, +ute!

i1e4tific! 5!rie cre!7ii !e +*eiei +*+u!re Cei!7i cercet/t*ri r/534e!u ! 4i&eu fi**)iei, f*c*ruui 0!ui0t*riei iter!re.34 1i0cu7iie 4*!0tre 4u *0te4e! 0/ re&i4/ 4ec*4te4it !0u+r! !ce0tui ucru, c!re i 0e +/re! e0e47i!F c/ +uicu!şte!+t/ 1e ! 4*i re&e!7i! u4*r 5*1ee eHe5+!re, i!r 4u re+*rt!)ii, critic/ 0!u eru1i7ie 34tr=u4 cu&34t,Criteri*4u er! +e4tru e u4 5i*c 1e ! trei 1!i5*4ii 34 *5u 1e +e 0tr!1/ (:4 5i*c 1e ! i4i7i! *5u 1e +e0tr!1/ 34 5i0teree +r*+riuui ui 5*1 1e ! eHi0t!, 0+u4e!5 eu. De !cee! D!4 B*tt! i40i0t! c! 5/c!r u4u 1i4 ceici4ci, 0!u ş!0e c*4fere47i!ri c!re u!u +!rte ! 0i5+*i*4 0/ +rei4te cu5e! 34!t/ ! +r*e5ei, &*ri41 f/r/ 0/7i4/ 0e!5! 1e )u0tu 0!u r/1!re! +uicuui, f**0i41 u4 i5! c!r 1!r 0e&er, 'ier!tic c'i!r, 1!c/ er! 4e&*ieD!4 B*tt! cre1e! c/ u4 0*i 1e anamnesis +!t*4ici!4/ !&e! *c, 1e fiec!re 1!t/, 34 5i47ie c3t*r&! !0cut/t*riO!5e4ii 0e tre)eau, 1*341e!u !cce0 ! c*4ce+te, 3şi re&e!u re!it!te!, +ere4it!te! şi fertiit!te! e0e47e*rEH+erie47! Criteri*4uui ! 1ur!t 1*i !4i A f*0t ce! 5!i eHuer!4t/ ec7ie 1e iert!te 0+iritu!/, 1e ci4i05e şi1e cre!ti&it!te cutur!/ +e c!re şi=! 1!t=* 0ieşi )e4er!7i! 1e ! "#6$ Ne 35+riete4i0e5 1e=! i4ee! 34 !4ii Criteri*4uui, 1!r 4u 4e 34t34e!5 +re! 1e0 C! şi 34tre!)! ui +urt!re,

+riete4i! ui D!4S;SB*tt! er! 1i0cret/ D!c/, &e4i41 0/ 5/ &!1/, 5/ )/0e! ! 5!0! 1e ucru, 4u &*i! 0/ r/534/ Treui! 0/ c**r cue 34 0tr!1/ şi 4e +i5!5 341eu4) +e tr*tu!r c! 0/=" c*4&i4) c/ 4u 5/1er!4e!/Er! 340/ 4ei+0it 1e ! t*!te +etrecerie +riete4i*r L! Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu, ! P!u teri!4, ! Mitu e*r)e0cu, !!t37i! !7ii 3 re)/0e!5 34t*t1e!u4! cu ucurie, 34!t, *41, r3341 şi !5e4i47341 cu 1e)etu !+*1ictic De*icei, 3 1e0c*+ere!5 !/turi 1e * fe5eie fru5*!0/ A&e! u4 fe i4i5it!i 1e ! f!ce curte, c/ci er!, 34 f*41,ti5i1 R31e! f*!rte 5ut (!1!r4ic !ş 34cerc! 0/=i 1e0criu r30uG 4u '*'*te!, şi !&e!i t*tuşi u4e*ri i5+re0i! c/ !re0/ 0e 0uf*ce., i5+r*&i! eti5**)ii f!4tei0te !e 4u5eui fe5eii c/rei! 3i f/ce! curte (cere! u4e*ri u4 1ic7i*4!r)rece0c c! 0/=şi !5i4te!0c/ * r/1/ci4/ *0cur/., +*&e0te! !&e4turi )!!4te, 1!r 34tr=u4 i5! c!0t, 0!&!4t, c/cier! &*r! 1e curte!4e i!4ti4e 0!u &e4e7ie4e (t*t fe5ei0u7iri.I De !tfe, D!4 B*tt! !&e! * +urt!re c!0t/, !+r*!+e &ir)i4!/, +e c!re * 0ui4i! şi f!+tu c/ 4u fu5!, 4u e!(1ec3t +u7i4 &i4 cu !+/, c! )recii !4tici., şi er! fru)!, 5u7u5i41u=0e, ie 34tre)i, cu +3i4e şi r34/, 0!u 0!!t/ cu



5ut u4t1ee54 A4i 1e=! r341u 4i5e4i 4=! ştiut 4i5ic 1e0+re f!5ii! ui Pe &re5e! !cee! 4=!5 *0t ! e !c!0/şi 4u şti!5 u41e *cuieşte P34/ ce ! f*0t 4u5it 1irect*r ! E4cic*+e1i! R*5;4e!0c/, 4=! !&ut 4ici * fu4c7ieDeşi +/re! 34t*t1e!u4! ee)!4t, er! 5*1e0t 35r/c!t Nu cre1 c/ !&e! 34 uu4!r 5!i 5ut 1ec3t 3i treui! +e4trutr!5&!i Nu ştiu 1!c/ 34 !f!r/ 1e uîalii D!4 B*tt! ! 5!i +uic!t u4 !t &*u5 1e +*eii P34/ 34 "#<2, c341 =!5 &/ututi5! 1!t/, 4u +uic!0e, 35i 0+u4e! c/ 4u &re! 0/ ti+/re!0c/ 5!i 5ut 1e +!tru &*u5eF u4u 1e +*e5e

0ulal"2, u4u 1e e0euri 0Limite2, * 1r!5/ 0'l8estis2 şi u4 1i!*) +!t*4ici!4 (+e c!re 4u ştiu 1!c/ "=! +uic!t.Deşi !15ir! +e Pr*u0t şi iue! +e te41'!, 0u0+ect! r*5!4u c! )e4 iter!r I 0e +/re! i4uti şi 4ecu&ii4ci*0 0/0crii, u4/*!r/, c/ ci4e&!, +er0*4! iter!r, ! t/i!t * uc!t/ 1e r34/ şi ! 534c!t=* cu +3i4e =C'i!r 1!c/ !r fi34cerc!t, D!4 B*tt! 4=!r fi +utut 4ici*1!t/ 0crie * !0e5e4e! fr!/ Nu cre1e! 34 re!it!te! iter!r/ ! *iecte*r şi!c7iu4i*r 1e t*!te iee 34 f*41, +e4tru e, reale şi 1eci 0u0ce+tiie 1e ! i4tere0! u4 !rti0t 4u er!u 1ec3t!r'eti+urie, i5!)i4ie eHe5+!re, 5*1eee i1e!e De !cee!, !ş!=i0u c!0ici05 ! ui D!4 B*tt!, cu t*!t/eru1i7i! )rec*=!ti4/ +e c!re * i5+ic!, 4u er! reut!tu u4ei 34&/7/turi ci, 34!i4te 1e t*!te, u4 5*1 1e ! fi 34u5eS;OPe4tru D!4 B*tt!, u5e! 1e&e4e! re!/ c341 34ce+e! 0/=şi re&e= ee 0tructurie ei +r*fu41eG !1ic/, !tu4ci c341 *c'iu 5i47ii34ce+e! 0/ 1e0+ri41/, 34!+*i! !+!re47e*r, i5!)i4ie eter4e, fi)urie5itice P/tru41e!i 5i0teru u4ei 4*+7i 1e &!r/ c341 iute!i 0/ 7i=*

re&eei c! 34 !ce0te &er0uri 1i4 !antilen$5Pe &34tiri !0cut Orficu tu5ut, C341 şi=!r1ic/ 0tru4! K!t! &er1e, :4!, Duce=i=!ş cu4u4!,C*05*0u 34tre) 3şi 1e&/ui! !tu4ci 347ee0urie ui !134ci Nu er! &*r! 1e * 0i5+/ cu4*!ştere ! fe4*5e4e*rc*05ice c/ci noaptea, vîntul, luna er!u 1*!r cifru u4*r 5ituri şi 1r!5e 0tr/&ec'i, c!re f/ce!u 1e! +!rte 1i4i0t*ri! 0+iritu!/ ! *5uui M!i +reci0F ! *5uui !c!4ic, 347ee)341 +ri4 !ce0t ter5e4 et4ic=)e*)r!fic t*!t/Eur*+! r/0/rite!4/, 1i4 M!re! E)ee +34/ 34 Mu47ii T!tr! D!4 B*tt! !&e! 5!re 0/iciu4e +e4tru !ce0t terit*riu34 c!re 0e 34fru4t!0er/ 1e=! u4)u 0ec*e*r e)ee4ii, )recii, tr!cii, iirii şi r*5!4ii Er! 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe *)e*)r!fie 0!cr/, +e4tru c/ +e +!iurie şi 5u47ii !ceşti! *!5e4ii 34t34i0er/ +e A+** şi Di*4i0*0, +e Orfeu şiZ!5*Hi0 Ti5+u 34cre5e4i0e, !c**, şi *1!t/ cu e, +ei0!u Lu5e! !ce!0t!, c!re !şte+t! &r/it/ 1e 5ii 1e!4i, er! şi u5e! +*etuui Nu ştiu 1!c/ D!4 B*tt! ! c//t*rit &re*1!t/ Di4 "#62 +34/ 34 +ri5/&!r! "#<$, c341 !5 +ec!t ! L*41r!, B*tt! 4=! trecut 4ici*1!t/ )r!4i7! V!c!47ee 1e &!r/ şi e +etrece! !+r*!+e 34t*t1e!u4! ! Bucureşti R!re*ri, cu +riete4ii,urc!, +e4tru c3te&! ie, ! 5u4te V*re! !+*i u4i 1e=! r341u 1e 0t34ci, 1e c*1ri, 1e c!0c!1e

Acu5, c341 34cerc 0/=5i !5i4te0c c3t 5!i 5ute, 35i 1!u 0e!5! c3t 1e +u7i4e ucruri ştiu 1e0+re e C'i!r 1e0+re5!rie ui +!0iu4i, +e c!re 4u e !0cu41e!, 1e0+re c!re 3i +/ce! 0/ &*re!0c/, ştiu +re! +u7i4, !4ec1*tic&*ri41 C3te&! fi)uri, c3te&! 4u5e, şi t*!te et!+ee +!0iu4ii ui, 34!t/, i4c!41e0ce4t/, şi, +34/ ! ur5/, +ur/Tr/i41 +e4tru e0e47e, &i!7! ui er! eHe5+!r/, şi +*!te 1e !cee! 4u 0e /0! 0ur+ri40/ 34 !4ec1*te Nu +e4tru c/er! &i0/t*r (c/ci 4u er!. 0!u +e4tru c/ !r fi tr/it 34 !0tr!ct Nu er! 4i5ic ,!0tr!ct 34 ucuriie ui, c3411e0c*+ere! fru5u0e7e! uit!t/ ! u4ui cu&34t, 0!u 34t34e! * 4ecu4*0cut/ şi 0e 341r/)*0te! 1e e!,S;;0!u r/534e! t*!t/ 4*!+te! 1e &*r/ cu +riete4ii, 0!u 0e 1uce! ! ce/!t c!+/t ! Bucureştiuui 0/ cite!0c/, 34!5ur), 0u teii 34 f*!re Tr/i! altfel 34 u5e! 1e t*!te iee, 1!r tr/i! 34 e! A&e! *r*!re 1e 5i0t!)*)ie, 1e +0eu1*=0+iritu!it/7i, 1e r!fi4!5e4tee 1ec!1e4te A&e!, 1e !0e5e4e!, *r*!re, c! şi t*7i cei!7i, 1e c*4fui!, *04ici! şi i4u0ti7i! &re5i*r, şi !1e0e! 0e re&*t! cu !t3t! fre4eie 34c3t cur341 4u=şi 5!i )/0e! cu&i4tee, 3şitre5ur! eH!0+er!t 1e)etu şi +/re! c/ i41i)4!re! !5e4i47/ 0/=" 0uf*ce D!r er! +re! 347ee+t c! 0/ 0e !0e 0t/+34it1e re&*t/ Ri1ic! 1i4 u5eri, 0c'i5! &*r! şi 34 cee 1i4 ur5/ iute! 1i4 4*u 0/ r31/

C341 =!5 34t34it +e4tru uti5! *!r/, 34 !u)u0t "#<2, ! 4!)*&, ! &i! u4ui +riete4, 35+reu4/ cu P!u teri!4,C*40t!4ti4 N*ic!, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu şi !7i c37i&!, er! 1*!r +u7i4 5!i 5!tur 1e cu5 3 /0!0e5 cu 1*i !4i 5!i34!i4te Cu5 er! 1e !şte+t!t, 0=! &*rit !+r*!+e t*t ti5+u 1e0+re r/*i D!4 B*tt! !+r*!+e c/ 4=! u!t +!rte !1i0cu7ie e 340er!0e, şi 34 !şte+t!re! ci4ei, !5 c**r3t t*7i 0+re !c A5 +*r4it 34!i4te cu D!4 ru+u 4e ur5!,c*4ti4u341u=şi 1i0cu7i! r/i0e5 +!0u, 1!r !+r*+ii41u=4e 1e tuf/riş, D!4 B*tt! ri1ic/ r!7u şi=5i f/cu 0e54 0/5/ *+re0c Z35i u4), !5!r, !5i4ti41u=şiF D!r 5!i i4, 1*rue, i4, C/ +!ici 3i *c 0trei4L*c 0trei4, reu/ e 1u+/ c3te&! ci+e, *c 1e &er1e!7/ şi 1e *1i'4/Au)u0t "#<2 Er! +ri4tre cei c!re 347ee0e0er/C'ic!)*, iu4ie "#-$YPiodromos, !u)u0t "#-%.

L' M@'R*' LEI >@R> R'!@V'#E L=!5 &/ut uti5! *!r/ 34 0e+te5rie "#->, ! C*4)re0u *ciet/7ii Ac!1e5ice 1e ! Kri*ur) Mi 0=! +/rut4e0c'i5!t, !ş! cu5 3 re)/0i0e5 ! Ni5e)e4, cu 1*i !4i 5!i 34!i4te, 0!u ! Ve4e7i!, 34 "#-2 A4ii trece!u !i4 +e0te e, 34c/ru47i0e, şi ! r/0ti5+uri 5!i +ier1e! c3te u4 1i4te Ne 1/1e!5 0e!5! 1e !0t! +e4tru c/ er! +re! 0/r!c



c! 0/=i 34*cui!0c/ D!r 4u cre1 c/ e*r)e R!c*&e!4u 0e /0!S;<i5+re0i*4!t 1e !0e5e4e! !cci1e4te, cu t*!te c/ er! )riuiu cu 34f/7iş!re! ui fiic/ şi, !ş 341r/4i 0/ !1!u),c*4ştie4t şi 5341ru 1e i4&e4ti&it!te! ui &e0ti5e4t!r/ (L! ru+tur! 1efi4iti&/ cu u4u ui +riete4 Mi'!ie!0ti!4 ! c*4triuit şi !ce0t f!+tF +er0*4!u 1i4 e dou$ mii de ani, 34 c!re R!c*&e!4u 0e recu4*0cu0e, 0e1i0ti4)e! 4u 4u5!i +ri4 4e4u5/r!te &irtu7i şi 340uşiri, ci şi +ri4tr=* c*4ce+7ie cu t*tu +er0*4!/ ! ee)!47ei

5!0cui4e.II !şte+t!0e5 t*7i, ! 34ce+utu ui *ct*5rie "#--, ! C*4)re0u 1e ! !!5!4c!, u41e 3şi !4u47!0e +!rtici+!re! Nu ştiu ce "=! 35+ie1ic!t 0/ &i4/G f*!rte +r*!i, 0/r/ci!, 34 t*&/r/şi! c/rei! 0e re0e54!0e 0/ 35/tr34e!0c/ D!r4ici 0/r/ci! 4u iuti0e 0/=" 0c'i5e, şi 4ici 5/c!r 0/=" 3534e!0c/ R/5/0e0e !ce!şi c! +e ti5+urie ui u4e,! Bucureşti, 34 !cei c37i&! !4i, "#6$="#6<, c341 !&u0e0e * e!f/F eHuer!4t şi t*tuşi 0e4i4, c*4ştie4t 1e 1!rurie şi +*0iiit/7ie ui, şi t*tuşi ucur341u=0e 1e 0ucce0ee !t*r!, 4e1*ri41u=şi, +e4tru 0i4e, 1ec3t 0/ c*4ti4ue cee! ce34ce+u0eF i5+eire! şi !134cire! )341irii te**)ice r*5;4eşti, !+/r!re! şi +r*5*&!re! i1ei*r şi ! i1e!uri*r +e c!re e 0*c*te! c/ !+!r7i4 4e!5uui 34tre)34ce+u0e !ce!0t/ 5u4c/ 34 "#6$, ! !uvî"tul+ i 1e0+re e*r)e R!c*&e!4u 0e +*!te 0+u4e, f/r/ eH!)er!re, c/ !f*0t 0i4)uru c!re 4=! +utut uit! 4ici*1!t/ i!ru 34 c!re 1eut!0e, şi 4ici +e 1irect*ru ui, N!e I*4e0cuG 0i4)uruc!re, ti5+ 1e +e0te 6$ 1e !4i, c3t 0=! 0cur0 1e ! 0u0+e41!re! !uvîntului, 4=! !&ut 1ec3t * 1*ri47/F 0/=" &!1/ re!= +/r341 u0+e41!re! i!ruui +reu4)i41u=0e i41efi4it, cei!7i re1!ct*ri !u 34cerc!t 0/ f!c/ şi !tce&!G !uc*!*r!t ! !te +eri*1ice, !u ti+/rit c/r7i, şi=!u c/ut!t !te r*0turi e*r)e R!c*&e!4u ! !şte+t!t 0e4i4 re!+!ri7i!

!uvîntului, ! triu5f!t 34 !cee fu)ur!4te re34&ieri e i!ruui 34 i!r4! "#68, 34 t*!54! "#<$ , i!r !Krei0i4), 34 "#-", ! iutit, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, 0/ 0c*!t/ !uvî"tul în e-il+ E&i1e4t, 34 !cei ş!+te !4i +e c!re i=! +etrecut 34 7!r/ 1u+/ 0u0+e41!re! i!ruui, e*r)e R!c*&e!4u 4=! r/5!0 i4!cti&F ! f*41!t şi c*41u0 re&i0t! tiete**)ie Predania, ! +uic!t 1*u/ 5*4*)r!fii, 1e0+re P!i0ie şi 1e0+re )r!&ur! +e e54 1i4 M*1*&! D!r 34

Predania c! şi 5!i t3riu, 34 eHi, 34 îndreptar, c*4ti4u! !cti&it!te! ui 1e critic/ şi +*e5ic/ rei)i*!0/ 1e !!uvîntul+Pe4tru e*r)e R!c*&e!4u, i!ru +e c!re=" f*41!0e Titu0 t;4!c*&ici 34 "#26, şi +e c!re, 1i4 "#2%, 3 c*41uce! N!e I*4e0cu, ! Yi0e54!t 34ce+utu şi 0f3rşitu 34 +!)i4ie !uvîntului 0=! 4/0cut Yitru )!et/rie, şi !c** ! 5uritF +re)/ti41 +e4tru ti+!r 4u5/ru +e +riie=5!i "#-% ! !uvîntului în e-il+ Ki1eit!te! !ce!0t! 3şi !&e!S;C r/1/ci4ie şi 347ee0u 34 !15ir!7i! şi 1r!)*0te! +e c!re R!c*&e!4u e=! +urt!t 1irect*ruui !uvîntului+ A/turi 1e34tre!)! ui )e4er!7ie, R!c*&e!4u )/0i0e 34 N!e I*4e0cu u4 5!e0tru şi u4 5*1e D!r, !/turi 1e !7i c37i&!, f*!rte +u7i4i, te**)i, R!c*&e!4u 1e0c*+eri0e 34 Pr*fe0*ru 1e L*)ic/ şi Met!fiic/ +e 0i4)uru !ic c!re 4u 4u5!i c/

347ee0e0e 0tructur! şi +r*e5ee *rt*1*Hiei r*5;4eşti, 1!r 5/0ur!0e şi )r!&it!te! criei +e c!re * 0tr//te!Bi0eric! Ort*1*H/ R*5;4/34tr=!1e&/r, +ri4tre +!r!1*Hurie !ce*r !4i "#2>="#6$, 0e 4u5/r! şi !ce0t!F 34tr=* e+*c/ 1e re4!ştere rei)i*!0/1e 1i5e40iu4i eur*+e4e, *rt*1*Hi! *fici!/ r*5;4e!0c/ 0e 5e47i4e! 34 !cee!şi 0t!)4!re +e c!re * cu4*0cu0e 1e !34ce+utu 0ec*uui Mişc/rie 1e 344*ire er!u +*r4ite 1i4 r!i1urie !ici*r, cei 5!i 5u7i 1i4tre ei ti4eri, 1!r 4u +/tru41e!u 4ici 5!0! c*r+uui +!0t*r!, 4ici tre+tee ier!r'iei Ce&! 5!i 5utF 34tr=* e+*c/ 1e 34f*rire !5et!fiicii şi 1e re!iit!re ! )341irii te**)ice, te**)i 1e 0e!5/ şi *!recu5 *fici!i 0e tru1e!u 0/ !r!te c3t 5!iştii47ifici 34 0f3rşit, r!ree 1i0cu7ii 1e *r1i4 rei)i*0 c!re !&e!u *c 34 +uici0tic! r*5;4e!0c/ er!u 1e u4 4i&eu5iit*r 1e 0c/ut Necre1i4ci*şii 3şi 1*&e1e!u !)r!5!7i! 34 t*t ce +ri&e! e0e47! şi fu4c7iie &ie7ii rei)i*!0e, i!r5u7i 1i4tre +r*e5i4e47ii *r, !ş!=işii cre1i4ci*şi, 4u 1e+/şe!u 4i&eu 0e5i1*ctuui 34fu5ur!t şi *c&!ce Er!u!cei !4i 1e 5e!4c*ic/ !1ucere !5i4te, c341 i4teectu!i 1e &!/ !fir5!u c/ R*5;4ii 4u 0u4t rei)i*şi +e4truc/ 4u !u !&ut 34 i0t*ri! *r 4ici u4 0f34t (c! şi cu5 !ce0t ucru !r fi !&ut ce&! 1e=! f!ce cu cre1i47! 0!u 4e=cre1i47!., i!r !+**)e7i r/t/ci7i +ri4 //riie te**)iei (cu5 0cri!, 5!i t3riu, N!e I*4e0cu 34 Predania2

c*4tr!!t!c!u, 0ui4ii41 5eritee etice şi 0*ci!e !e creşti4i05uui (c! şi cu5 c*r+u 5i0tic ! ui C'ri0t*0,Bi0eric!, !r fi f*0t u4 fe 1e cercet/şie. De ! +r*e5!tic/ ! &*c!u!r, 1i0cu7i! pro şi contra +/re! +urt!t/ 1e u4 )ru+ 1e icee4i, 1i4tre c!re u4ii !r fi 1e0c*+erit +e E @!ece, i!r !7ii !r fi citit c3te&! r*şuri 1e +*+u!ri!re !e Creşti4i05uui *ci! 34 !cei !4i, c/r7i 0e54!te 1e R Ott*, h!r B!rt', E Bu*4!iuti, JM!rit!i4, M!rti4 Buer, L M!00i)4*4, DT uui +!0i*4!u 0ute 1e 5ii 1e citit*ri, 1e0uşi41u=e 347ee0urie!134ci !e Ref*r5ei şi !e c!t*ici05uui *cci1e4t!, !e iu1!i05uui, i0!5i05uui şi u11'i05uui34 !cei !4i, "#2>="#6$, N!e I*4e0cu 4u er! 0i4)uru c/rtur!r +re*cu+!t 1e +r*e5ee *rt*1*Hiei r*5;4eştiA/turi 1e e, * 0e!5/ 1e 0criit*ri şi e0eişti 0e tru1e!u 0/ 340ufe7e!0c/ şi 0/S;F c*4ti4ue tr!1i7iie 0+iritu!e r/0/rite4e E 1e0tu 0/ !5i4ti5 1e )ru+!re! re&i0tei >îndirea, 34 fru4te cu 1irect*ruei, Nic'if*r Cr!i4ic D!r N!e I*4e0cu 0e !1re0! u4ui +uic 5!i !r)G 4u 4u5!i citit*rii !uvî"tului, 1!r şi 0utee1e 0tu1e47i, 1e ! t*!te f!cut/7ie, c!re=i ur5/re!u cur0urie u4i&er0it!re, şi +uicu c*4feri47e*r +e c!re er*0te! 34 !t3te! *r!şe 1e +r*&i4cie Pe 1e !t/ +!rte, 34 *+er! ui 1e re&!*rific!re ! eH+erie47ei rei)i*!0e şi 1ei5+eire ! c*4ce+te*r te**)ice, N!e I*4e0cu utii! i40tru5e4tee şi 5et*1ee fi**fuui Pe4tru 34t3i! *!r/ 34i0t*ri! R*5;4iei 5*1er4e 0e 1i0cut!u +r*e5ee rei)iei 34 )e4er! şi !e creşti4i05uui r/0/rite!4 34 +!rticu!r,



4u 4u5!i cu 0i5+!tie şi fer&*!re, 1!r şi cu c*5+ete47/, *ri)i4!it!te şi +r*fu4i5eA/turi 1e Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu şi P!u teri!4, 0tu1e47i şi 1i0ci+*i 5!i &ec'i !i ui N!e I*4e0cu, e*r)eR!c*&e!4u 0=! i4te)r!t 34 ce 0=!r +ute! 4u5i 5işc!re! 1e re344*ire ! )341irii *rt*1*He r*5;4eşti De&e4it f*!rtecur341 re1!ct*r ! !uvîntul, ui R!c*&e!4u i=! re&e4it r/0+u41ere! +*iticii rei)i*!0e ! i!ruui Atu4ci şi=!1*&e1it e 4u 4u5!i * 4ee)!!t/ 347ee)ere ! +r*e5e*r te**)ice, 1!r şi 5!ree ui t!e4t 1e critic, +*e5i0t şi +!5fet!r Ir*4i! 4=! i+0it 4ici*1!t/ 1i4 0crierie şi 34&/7/tur! Pr*fe0*ruui N!e I*4e0cu D!r e*r)e

R!c*&e!4u ! utii!t t*!te 5i*!cee 0tii0tice +e c!re i e +u4e! ! 341e534/ i5! r*5;4e!0c/, 1e ! 0!rc!05u1ur, 4eiert/t*r, ! )u5! i41!, 7/r/4e!0c/, 1e ! +!r*1ie ! efe5e!, 1e ! 1e5!0c!re! &i*e4t/ ! i5+*0turii ! critic! ir*4ic 0!&!4t/ ! !)r!5!7ieie*r)e R!c*&e!4u 0e 4u5/r/ +ri4tre 5!rii )!et!ri !i e+*cii "#6$="#<$G 1!r ! f*0t, şi ! r/5!0, 4e34trecut 34 +*e5ic! rei)i*!0/ ti! 0/ f**0e!0c/ t*!te !r5ee, şi şi e !e)e! 1u+/ 0t!tur! şi *r!u !1&er0!ruui Er!4ecru7/t*r, şi +ute! fi c'i!r 0/!tic 1!r 4u 0=! c**r3t 4ici*1!t/ ! i4urie, !ş! cu5 *iş4ui!u +e !tu4ci u4ii +*e5işti, 5!ri şi 5ici De !cee!, c! şi Pr*fe0*ru N!e I*4e0cu, e*r)e R!c*&e!4u 4u er! te5ut, ur5/rit şi ur3t4u5!i 1e !1&er0!rii ui i1e**)ici, ci şi 1e 5u7i )!et!ri, e0eişti şi c/rtur!ri c!re 0e !f!u 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe 1e!cee!şi +!rte ! !ric!1ei 34 Bi0eric! 34 c!re=i fu0e0e 1!t 0/ tr/i!0c/, R!c*&e!4u 4u !15ir! şi 4u /u1! 1ec3t +e cei1e0/&3rşi7iG +e !1e&/r!7ii c/u)/ri (*ric!re !r fi f*0t tre!+t! *r ier!r'ic/., +e 34&/7!7ii ci40ti7i, +e +re*7ii &re14iciFt*7i cei c!re +/0tr!u &ie tr!1i7i! creşti4i05uui r/0/rite!4, 0!u, cu5 3i +/ce! ui 0/ 0+u4/, !r'!i341, t*7i cei c!re347ee)e!u şi c*4ti4u!u +re1!4i!S;

41 0e &*r reti+/ri 34 &*u5e 0utee ui 1e !rtic*e, 0e &! &e1e! c3t 1e 5!re 0criit*r ! f*0t e*r)e R!c*&e!4uPu7i4i !ut*ri c*4te5+*r!4i !u cu4*0cut c! e uuit*!ree +*0iiit/7i !e i5ii r*5;4eşti e*r)e R!c*&e!4u0=! f/cut cu4*0cut, 34 +ri5u r341, +ri4 !rtic*ee ui +*e5ice Aş! i=!u cerut=* 35+reur/rie, şi !ş! i=! +/cut şiui 0/ 0crieF '*t/r3t, şi +rice+341u=0e 0/ cure7e //riie c!re 4/+/1i0er/ te**)i! şi r341uieie Bi0ericiir*5;4eşti, şi !ut341 1e c3te *ri +ute! 0/ i5+ee!0c/ +r*e5e şi 0itu!7ii 34c3cite 1i4 +r*0tie, re! cre1i47/0!u 1uş5/4ie D!r R!c*&e!4u 4=! f*0t 4u5!i u4 critic şi u4 +*e5i0t De 5!i 5ute *ri, 34 uti5ii treieci 1e !4i,! 1e/tut cu i4tei)e47/, eru1i7ie şi cur! +r*e5ee ce4tr!e !e te**)iei r/0/rite4e Nu &*i !5i4ti !ici 1ec3tc*4triu7iie ui 1i4 Predania, 0eri! 1e !rtic*e 1i4 îndreptai 34c'i4!te *rt*1*Hiei, şi 0tu1iu 1e0+reecu5e4icit!te 1i4 !uvîntul în e-il5 teHte c!re 0e cer 4e!+/r!t re+uic!te 34 &*u5, 34!i4te 1e ! fi tr!1u0e 34 i5i0tr/i4ei &*r treui tr!1u0e 34tr=* i, +e4tru c! 0/ 0e cu4*!0c/, şi 1i4c** 1e )r!4i7ee 7/rii, c!r!cteree 0+ecifice !e)341irii rei)i*!0e r*5;4eşti, 0/ 0e 347ee!)/ c/ tr!1i7i! *rt*1*H/ ! f*0t feurit i4ter+ret!t/ şi tr/it/ 34 reci!, !hie& 0!u 34 7/rie r*5;4eşti tu1iie ui e*r)e R!c*&e!4u +reu4)e0c şi c*5+ete!/ teHtee 0curte, 1e40e,

f*0f*re0ce4te !e ui N!e I*4e0cu şi !15ir!iee, 1!r !f3t 1e +u7i4ee +!)i4i r/5!0e 1e ! Mirce! Vuc/4e0cuD!r, 0+re 1e*0eire 1e Pr*fe0*ru şi 1e c*e)u ui, R!c*&e!4u ! !&ut r/)!u 0/ +rei4te, 0i0te5!tic, 1eşi 0ucci4t,c3te&! 1i4 +r*e5ee te**)iei r/0/rite4e I!r, 0+re 1e*0eire 1e 5!*rit!te! +r*1uc7iei te**)ice r*5;4eşti,0tu1iie ui R!c*&e!4u 0tr/uce0c +ri4 ri)*!re! )341irii, +erfec7i! c*40truc7iei, c!rit!te! eH+u4eriie*r)e R!c*&e!4u 0cri! 34t*t1e!u4! cu ucurie, 1!r re1!ct! 34cet, !4e&*ieF er!, cu5 0e 0+u4e, u4 +erfec7i*4i0t34 re1!c7i! !uvî"tului 3şi 34c'ei! !rtic*u 34 uti5u 5*5e4t, 1eşi u4e*ri 5i)/i0e * 1i5i4e!7/ 34tre!)/, !+ec!t1e!0u+r! 5!4u0cri0uui A0t! eH+ic/ +u7i4/t!te! +r*1uc7iei ui 34 !4ii eHiuui, 4=! 0cri0 1ec3t !tu4ci c341 ! !&utu4 i!r ! 3'1e534/ 0!u * re&i0t/ u41e şti! c/=i &*r !+/re! teHtee Er! 0ti5u!t 1e *r!ru ti+*)r!fiei 34 re0tuS;Ati5+uui, c*5+u4e! 4e4u5/r!te şi !15ir!ie 0cri0*ri c/tre +riete4i, şi u4e*ri 0cri! 5eticu*0, !+r*!+e cu&e4er!7ie, c3te&! r341uri 1i4 cee 1*u/ c/r7i +e c!re !r fi &rut 0/ e 34c'eieF * c!rte 1e0+re N!e I*4e0cu şi u4r*5!4, @morîrea lui Jorobete,De !ce0t r*5!4 4e &*re!, ui Mi'!i e!0ti!4 şi 5ie, 34c/ 1i4 "#66="#6<F er! +*&e0te! u4ui +er0*4! +it*re0c,

!+r*!+e f!u*0, 1i4 0!tu ui Nu ştiu c341 ! 34ce+ut 0/=" 0crie, şi 4ici c3t 1e 1e+!rte ! !u40 cu re1!ct!re! 34uti5ii !4i !u !+/rut fr!)5e4te 34 re&i0tee 1i4 eHi Ju1eci41 1u+/ !ce0te +u7i4e +!)i4i, @morîrea lui Jorobete!r fi treuit 0/ r/0+u41/, etic şi stilistic, 5ir!c*uui iter!r şi +!5e*r +e *r!u r*5;4e0c (0!u, ce +u7i4, +e u4!4u5it *r! r*5;4e0c. +e c!re =!u re+ree4t!t !raii de !urtea Vec"e+ Per0*4!e*r tur+e, /*!0e şi +utre1e1i4 c!rte! ui M!teiu C!r!)i!e, e=!r fi r$spuns, 1i4tr=u4 0!t *te4e0c, 7/r!4i 5341ri, 13ri, +/ti5!şi, 1!r 0t/+34i7i1e +!ti5i ee5e4t!re, /r/teşti, 4u 1e cee! ce ui R!c*&e!4u i 0=!r fi +utut +/re! &iciie şi 4e+uti47!1e0c*5+u4eriiD!r r$spunsul !r fi treuit 0/ fie 5!i !e0 1e *r1i4 i4)&i0ticF &*c!u!ruui 1e circiu5/ ucureşte!4/, 1e c!rt*f*ri e&!4ti4i şi 1e *r1e *iere0c 1e 5!'!!, i=!r fi r/0+u40 i5! 4e!*ş/, r*u0t/,fru0t/ şi, t*tuşi, 1e * i4e+ui!i/ *)/7ie ! c*40/te4i*r ui B*r*ete Nu ştiu 1!c/ R!c*&e!4u 0=! )341it 0!u 4u,0crii41u=şi r*5!4u, ! !raii ui M!teiu C!r!)i!e, 1!r 0e40u !ce0t! er!F 0/ 0e !r!te cu5 tr/ie0c, 0i5t şi )341e0c,şi 5!i !e0 cum vorbesc 7/r!4ii 1i4tr=u4 0!t *te4e0c R!c*&e!4u ! creut c/ +*!te !r/t! t*!te !ce0te! tr!40crii411i!*)urie şi 1e0crii41 +er0*4!ee !ş! cu5 şi e !5i4te! Ju1eci41 1u+/ fr!)5e4tee ti+/rite, !raii de !urteaVec"e 3şi !şte!+t/ 34c/ r$spunsul+ T!e4tu 1e +r*!t*r ! ui R!c*&e!4u 4u=şi )/0i0e eH+re0i! 34 r*5!4C!rte! 1e0+re N!e I*4e0cu * 34ce+u0e 34 !)/ru 1i4 Buc'e4=d!1, şi ! c*4ti4u!t 0/ ucree ! e! +34/ 34 +r!)u5*r7ii Pri4 "#-> 35i 0cri! c/ +34/ ! " i!4u!rie "#-- c!rte! &! fi 34c'ei!t/ Du+/ u4 !4, 5=! !0i)ur!t c/ e0te 34tr=



!1e&/r )!t!, 1!r 5!4u0cri0u treuie şefuit +e 341eete, 34!i4te 1e ! fi tri5i0 ! ti+!r C341 0criu r341urie 1e f!7/ ! "8 0e+te5rie "#-% 4u ştiu 34 ce 0t!1iu 0e !f/ apte şi Idei+ Nici 4u 341r/4e0c 0/=5i 34c'i+ui c/ 4=!f*0t 34c'ei!t/ c!rte! +e c!re 0i4)ur e*r)e R!c*&e!4u !r fi +utut=* 0crie C/ci, 1i4tre 4*i t*7i, ee&ii, 1i0ci+*ii şiti4erii +riete4i !i Pr*fe0*ruui, R!c*&e!4u i=! f*0t ce 5!i !+r*!+e 34 uti5ii !4i şi ui i 0=! 1e0t/i4uit 5!i 5utEr! şi &3r0t! c!re=i !+r*+i! (c341 5ure! N!e I*4e0cu, 34 "#<$, ! >$ 1e !4i, R!c*&e!4u 35+i4i0eS<B

<$ 1e !4i., 1!r 3i e)! şi 34cre1ere! +e c!re * !&e! Pr*fe0*ru 34 1e&*t!5e4tu !0*ut şi 34 5!turit!te! u1ec/7iiui R!c*&e!4uD!c/, !ş! cu5 0+er, c!rte! 0e !f/ 34c'ei!t/, c'i!r 4eşefuit/, +ri4tre '3rtiie ui, 0=!r +ute! 0+u4e c/ 1e0ti4u i=!34)/1uit ui R!c*&e!4u 5/c!r !ce0t ucruF 0/ 0f3rşe!0c/ cee! ce 34ce+u0e cu treieci şi ş!+te 1e !4i 34 ur5/F *5/rturi0ire 1e cre1i47/ Cre1i47/ 4u 4u5!i 34tr=u4 *5 şi 34 i1eie +e4tru c!re ! u+t!t şi 5urit e, 1!r Yşi fi1eit!tef!7/ 1e &i!7! ui c*4cret/, !ş! cu5 0e 1e0f/şur!0e e!, i 1e i, 34 1ur!t! i0t*ric/ Ce! 5!i 13r/ şi 4e*0te4it/5/rturi0ireY ! ui e*r)e R!c*&e!4u ! f*0t memoria+ M!i 5ut 1ec3t *ric!re !tu 1i4tre 4*i, R!c*&e!4u ! tr/ituti5ii 1*u/eci şi ş!+te 1e !4i retr/i41, +*&e0ti41 şi re+*&e0ti41u=şi cei ece !4i +e c!re i=! +etrecut !/turi 1e N!e I*4e0cu Cu5 şfi! c/=" &! re3't34i *1!t/ şi *1!t/, !5i4tirie ui 4u er!u c*+eşite 1e 5e!4c*ie, 4ici34f/c/r!te 0!u 34tu4ec!te 1e 1e4/1e1e e 34t*rce! 34t*t1e!u4! cu ucurie 0i5+/ şi 0e4i4 34 !ce ti5+f!u*0, !ce illud tempus, c341 şti! c/=" re)/0eşte +e N!e I*4e0cu 34 fiec!re 1i5i4e!7/ ! !uvîntul 0!u 34c!0! ui1e ! B/4e!0! Nu er! 35+ietrire 34 trecut, 4ici e&!iu4e 34 f!7! &ie7ii +e4tru c/ e*r)e R!c*&e!4u ! r/5!0 +e !ric!1e +34/

34 uti5! ci+/, i!r &i!7! ! iuit=* 5!i 5ut c! !7ii, şi 1e ! e)ie ei 4u 0=! !/tut 4ici*1!t/ Memoria !ceui ti5+34 ce4tru c/rui! 0e !f! N!e I*4e0cu 4u=" 35+ie1ic! 0/ tr/i!0c/ 34 +ree4t Nici 4u 0=!r +ute! 0+u4e c/ er! &*r!1e0+re trecut+ Er! u4 !tfe 1e ti5+, eHt!tic şi c! !t!re 1i4c** 1e 1ur!t/, ti5+u 34 c!re 0e re)/0e! +e 0i4e,re)/0i41 +e N!e I*4e0cu şi +e t*7i cei!7i 1i4 uru ui Aş! cu5 i=! re)/0it !ie&e! 34 1i5i4e!7! iei 1e - 5!i"#-%, c341 0=! !uit 0tri)!t +e 4u5e, şi, ri1i=c341u=0e 1i4 +!t, ! 1!t cu *c'ii 1e e şi i=! 0+u0, 35i41 34 t!i4/FV!0/ic/, 1u54e!&*!0tr/ şti!7i, D*54ue Pr*fe0*rYRevista scriitorilor rom=ni, "#-%.*RP* P#*RE MZR!' VEL!#%!E Nu şti!i ce 0/ !15iri 5!i 34t3iF 4e0t/&iit! ui curi*it!te, cutur! ui &!0t/, 0*i1/, i4e !rticu!t/, 0!ui4tei)e47! ui, )e4er*it!te!, u5*ru 0!u 0+*4t!4eit!te! cu c!re=şi tr/i! cre1i47! şi i0cu0i47! cu c!re şi=*t/5/ce! Nu cre1 c=!5 34t34it u4 !t *5 34e0tr!tS</cu !t3te! 1!ruri i 4ici !tu c!re 0/=" 34tre!c/ 34 5*1e0tie A5 cu4*0cut, 1e0i)ur, 0!&!47i c!re 0e 34cu5et/ 0/

cite!0c/ 34 treieci 1e i5i, 0!u 0t/+34e0c 34 1e=!5/4u4tu i0t*ri! u4ei 7/ri 0!u ! u4ui c*4ti4e4t, 0!u !u +/tru40t*!te t!i4ee fiicii şi 5!te5!tici*r, 0!u 347ee) 4e4u5/r!te 0i0te5e fi**fice D!r 5i4te! ui Mirce!Vuc/4e0cu er! !tfe !c/tuit/ Du+/ ce=" cu4*şte!i i4e, 347ee)e!i c/ dac$ ar fi trebuit, !r fi +utut şi e 34&/7!treieci 1e i5i, 0!u i0t*ri! u4ui c*4ti4e4t, 0!u 5!te5!ticie 0u+eri*!re îl interesa tot+ M!i 5utF în&elegea şi=7i eH+ic! 1e ce=" i4tere0e!/ cut!re 0!u cut!re 1i0ci+i4/, u4 !4u5it !ut*r 0!u * !4u5it/ *+er/D!r 4u er! 4i5ic '!*tic 4ici 1e!rticu!t 34 cutur! ui Ce 34&/7!0e 1e ! te**)ii şi fi**fii +e c!re=i citi0e 0ee)! 1e t*t ce=" 34&/7!0er/ 0*ci**)ii, ec*4*5iştii, i0t*ricii, fi4!4ci!rii, *!5e4ii +*itici I5e40! ui cutur/ 4u er!1i0triuit/ 34 c*5+!rti5e4teG er! +erfect i4te)r!t/, 1eşi 0e 1e0f/şur! +e 4i&eurie 5uti+e !e cu4*!şterii De!cee! er! 34 0t!re 0/ +r*fite 1i4 ectur! u4ui re1uc7i*4i0t u4 freu1i!4, u4/*!r/, 0!u u4 5!rHi0t +e4tru c/şti! u41e 0/=" 0ituee Cu5 5/rturi0e! !1e0e!F 4u 0e /0! i5+re0i*4!t 1e , !r)*4, 4ici 1e i1e**)ie A0i5i!1i4tr=u4 !ut*r t*t ce=" !ut! 0/ 347ee!)/ 5!i i4e u4 fe4*5e4 cutur!G !1ic/, 3 !ut! 0/ 1e0c*+ere !0+ecte 0!u 0/1e0cifree 0e40uri c!re i=!r fi r/5!0 !t5i4teri !0cu40e 0!u 4e/5uriteAce!0t/ 4e*iş4uit/ 1e0c'i1ere c/tre u4i&er0urie 0+iritu!e 3i 34)/1ui! 0/ 34&e7e şi 0/ f!c/ t*t ce '*t/r!G şi, 1e

cee 5!i 5ute *ri, e f/ce! 5!i i4e 1ec3t cei!7i C341 0=! '*t/r3t 0/ *!ce ri1)e, ! 34&/7!t, cu 341/r/t4icie şi5et*1/, c3te&! 0/+t/5;4i şi !+*i ! !u40 c!5+i*4 cri! cu !cee!şi uşuri47/ şi c*5+ete47/ 1e0+re +r*e5e 1ete**)ie r/0/rite!4/, ec*4*5ie !4c!r/, 0*ci**)ie 7/r/4e!0c/ 0!u r*5!4u 5*1er4 O1!t/ i=! c/ut 34 534/ *re&i0t/ fr!4ce/ c!re !4u47! u4 c*4cur0 34 e)/tur/ cu r*5!4u 1etecti& 34 cur0 1e +uic!re Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu! citit r*5!4u şi ! r/0+u40 +e *c i, e&i1e4t, 0*u7i! )/0it/ 1e e,er! ce! u0t/ C3te&! 0/+t/534i 34 ur5/ 4u5eeui 0e !f! 34 fru4te! i0teicri! 1e0tu 1e 5ut, 1!r +uic! +u7i4 şi 4u5!i 0iit 1e 35+reur/ri Er!, cu5 !5i4te! e c/ fu0e0e şi *et'e, u40criit*r *c!i*4! I4ter&e4e! 34 +*e5ici 0!u +uic! u4 !rtic* c!re 0/ !+ere u4 +riete4 !t!c!t +e 4e1re+t Aş!! 0cri0, 34 !uvîntul, 34 t*!54! ui "#6$, C!rte +e4tru I0!e, r/0+u4341 criticii 1i4 >îndirea, 34 c!re Nic'if*rCr!i4ic 34cerc!0e 0/ !r!te, 53'4it c/ci fu0e0e5 şi eu u4 c*!*r!t*r ! re&i0tei c/ Isabel şi apele diavoluluier! u4 r*5!4S<Si5*r! Aş! ! 0cri0 * 0erie 34tre!)/ 1e !rtic*e 34 ti5+u f!i5*!0ei c*4tr*&er0e +!0c!e, 0!u !5işc/rii 1e ! i0eric! Cuiu=cu=!r/, 0!u ! +*e5icii 34tre I*0if Kr** şi N!e *4e0cu +e te5! ! fi ,,r*5;4 0!u u4r*5;4 Puic! 5!i !e0 34 !uvîntul, 4u 4u5!i +e4tru c/ 3i +/ce! i!ru, 1!r 5!i !e0 +e4tru c/ !&e! +e4tru N!e



*4e0cu * !15ir!7ie şi * iuire f/r/ 5!r)i4i +e c!re ! +/0tr!t=* +34/ ! 0f3rşit, c'i!r 1!c/ 4u 5!i er/ 1e !c*r1 cu*rie4t!re! +*itic/ ! Pr*fe0*ruui C341, 34 "#28, !5 +ec!t 34 I41i!, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 5i=! 1/ruit u4 +*rtret !ui N!e *4e0cu +e c!re=I 1e0e4!0e, 1i4 5e5*rie, 1*i !4i 5!i 34!i4te, ! P!ri0, 34tr=* i c341 i 0e f/cu0e 1*r 1e eEr!, f/r/ 341*i!/, ce 5!i !1e&/r!t +*rtret ! ui N!e *4e0cu +e c!re =!5 &/ut &re*1!t/ i 0i4)uru 34 c!re53i4ie Pr*fe0*ruui 3şi )/0i0er/ eH+re0i! *r +r*fu41/, i4i5it!i/ (Mirce! 5i=! 5/rturi0it c/, !u4)341 *1!t/ +re! t3riu ! * c*4feri47/ ! ui N!e *4e0cu 1e0+re iert!te şi ieru !ritru, şi 4e5!i+ut341 i4tr! 34 0!/, !

ur5/rit eH+u4ere! şi ! 347ee0 0*u7i! ! c!re 0e *+ri0e Pr*fe0*ru 4u5!i +ri&i41u=i, +ri4 )e!5, *cu 53i4i*r.De c3te *ri 3şi u! r/0+u41ere! u4ui 0tu1iu 5!i &!0t, iute! 0/ 34tre!c/ c'i!r +e 0+eci!işti Nu 5/ )341e0c4u5!i ! c*4triu7iie ui ! cee c3te&! 5*4*)r!fii 1e0+re 0!tee r*5;4eşti, +re)/tite 1e ee&ii Pr*fe0*ruui Duşti (şi 1i4 c!re 4u ştiu c3te !u !+uc!t 0/ !+!r/. D!r i0t*ri! 5iit!r/ ! r/*iuui 4*0tru 1e 34tre)ire, +e c!re ! +uic!t=* 34tr=u4ui 1i4 &*u5ee nciclopediei r*5;4eşti, c*40tituie, +*!te, ce! 5!i c!r/, 5!i i4e1*cu5e4t!t/ , şi 5!i 0i0te5!tic *r)!4i!t/ 5*4*)r!fie !0u+r! !ce0tui 0uiectDe cee 5!i 5ute *ri, 340/, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 0cri! +e4tru e şi +e4tru c37i&! +riete4iF e0euri, 5ici 0tu1ii 1e0+re +r*e5e *0cure 0!u 4ef!5ii!re, +!4uri e!*r!te 1e &iit*!re tr!t!te 1e te**)ie, 5*r!/ 0!u ec*4*5ie +*itic/,5e1!i*!4e critice, +*e5e, c*5e4t!rii Nu ştiu ce 0=! !e0 1e !ce!0t/ &!0t/ *+er/ r/5!0/ 34 5!4u0cri0 Nu341r/4e0c 0/=5i 34c'i+ui c/ 4u 0=! +/0tr!t Deşi, 1!c/ !r fi tr/it, şi !r fi !f!t 1e e&e4tu!! +ier1ere !5!4u0cri0e*r, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu !r fi ri1ic!t 1i4 u5eri, 35i41 M*1e0ti! ui 4u er! 4u5!i +r*&eri!/G er!i4i4tei)ii/ 34tr=* cutur/ 5*1er4/, 34 c!re cre!ti&it!te! şi *ri)i4!it!te! *!c/ u4 r* !t3t 1e i5+*rt!4t I4!ce!0t/ +ri&i47/, c! şi 34 5ute !tee (u4/*!r/, cre1i47! ui, 1e 0tructur/ +ur 7/r/4e!0c/., Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu

er! u4 +ri5iti&, u4 !r'!icF !15ir! cre!ti&it!te! şi recu4*şte! *ri)i4!it!te!, 1!r 4u cre1e! 34 ee Cre1e! !ş! cu5 0e *iş4ui! 34 t*!te cuturie tr!1i7i*4!e în lucrul bine f$cut, în lucrareaS<O

folositoare, 34 *+er! +e c!re * cere! 5*5e4tu i0t*ric 0!u, 1e 5!i 5ute *ri, 4u5!i * 534/ 1e *!5e4i, 0!u c'i!ru4 0i4)ur *5 Lucr!re! 4u treui! 0/ fie 4e!+/r!t *ri)i4!/G 5!i +reci0, +r*e5! *ri)i4!it/7ii 4ici 4u 0e +u4e!(cu5 4u 0e +u4e! 34 cuturie tr!1i7i*4!e. Lucr!re! treui! 1*!r 0/ c*re0+u41/, c3t 5!i 1e0/&3rşit, 0c*+uui +e4tru c!re fu0e0e 35+i4it/ C! şi 34 cuturie tr!1i7i*4!e 1i4 Orie4t, c! şi 34 cutur! 7/r/4e!0c/ +e c!re * +reu4=)e!, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 4u c/ut! 0/ fie *ri)i4! 34 )341ire! ui rei)i*!0/ 0!u fi**fic/G 0e tru1e! 4u5!i 0/)341e!0c/ c!r, 0i0te5!tic şi cu f**0, !1ic/ 4341 0e!5! 1e c*4teHtu 0+ecific 34 c!re treui! f*r5u!t!1e&/ruAş! c/, 1!c/ !r fi tr/it şi !r fi !f!t 1e * e&e4tu!/ 1i0+!ri7ie ! *+erei ui 5!4u0cri0e, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 4ici 4=!rfi 347ee0 1e ce !7ii 0*c*te0c !cci1e4tu !ce0t! * !1e&/r!t/ c!t!0tr*f/ Pe4tru c/, *1!t/ 0cri0, u4 teHt şi=! 35+i4it1e0ti4uG 1!c/ circu/ 0!u 4u, e 5!i +u7i4 i5+*rt!4t D!c/ 0*c*te! c/ teHtu treui! cu *rice +re7 r/0+341it, Mirce!

Vuc/4e0cu 3 +uic! 0!u 3 c*5u4ic! +riete4i*r i, cu t*!te !ce0te!, er! +ri4tre cei 1i4t3i c!re 1e0c*+ere! u44*u t!e4t 0!u * c!rte *ri)i4!/ şi f/ce! t*tu c! 0/ c*4&i4)/ şi +e !7ii 1e i5+*rt!47! 1e0c*+eriri*r ui Ace0tcreşti4 c!re 0e 0itu!, cu5 !5 0+u0, 34 u4i&er0u cuturi*r tr!1i7i*4!e, er! 1e0c'i0 f!7/ 1e *rice i4*&!7ie cre!t*!re,34 !rt/, 34 0*ci**)ie, 34 ec*4*5ie +*itic/ Mu7i 1i4tre cei c!re =!u cu4*0cut 4u iute!u 0/ 347ee!)/ cu5 u4creşti4 c! e +ute! 0/ 347ee!)/ şi 0/ &*re!0c/ cu !t3t! 0i5+!tie 1e *!5e4i şi 0i0te5e +r*fu41 !4tirei)i*!0e, c!M!rH 0!u Kreu1 De !0e5e4e!, 4u 347ee)e!u cu5 3i +ute!u +!ce !4u5ite 5!4ife0t/ri eHtr!&!)!4te !e +!0ticiic*4te5+*r!4e, 0!u cu5 +ute! !0i0t! !t3t 1e 0e4i4 ! 1e0c*5+u4ere! +reci+it!t/ !4u47341 i5i4e4t! *r1i0+!ri7ie ! i40titu7ii*r şi cuturii 7/r/4eştiEH+ic!7i! er! t*tuşi 0i5+/F c! şi N!e I*4e0cu, +r*fe0*ru şi 34&/7/t*ru ui, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu cre1e! 34 Vi!7/ şi +ri&e! cu i4tere0 şi 0i5+!tie *rice nou$ crea&ie a Vie&ii, +e *rice +!4 0=!r fi re!i!t e!F 0*ci!, +*itic, cutur!Pe4tru e, 4e!5u r*5;4e0c, *r)!4i!7i! 0t!t!/ c!re +*!rt/ 4u5ee 1e R*5;4i!, cutur! r*5;4e!0c/, !t3t +*+u!r/ c3t şi 0!&!4t/, cu t*t ce cu+ri41e! şi i5+ic! e! t*!te !ce0te! !&e!u, 34!i4te 1e t*!te, 5eritu 1e !e-ista, 1e ! fi &ii C/ u4ee i40titu7ii 0e 0c'i5/ &erti)i4*0 0!u c'i!r 1i0+!r 0u *c'ii 4*ştri, c/ feu 1e ! fi şi ! 0e

+urt! 0e 5*1ific/ şi 0e ur37eşte, c/ !rt! +*+u!r/ 0e 'iri1ie!/ şi e0tetic! 5!'!!ei 0e 34ti41e c! +eci4)i4e!, c/ +ei0!u r*5;4e0c tr!1i7i*4! eS<;!5e4i47!t 1e 1e0fi)ur!re +ri4 340uşi +r*ce0u 1e tr!40f*r5!re ec*4*5ic şi 0*ci! ! 7/rii, +e c!re Mirce!Vuc/4e0cu 3 cu4*şte! şi=" !cce+t! t*!te !ce0te! 4u=" 0+eri!u, 1eşi, f/r/ 341*i!/, 3 53'4e!u !4u5ite5*1ific/ri +reci+it!te şi ref*r5e f/r/ r*0t T*!te !ce0te! f/ce!u +!rte 1i4 însuşi procesul Vie&ii+ Aici, +e +/534t,ucrurie 4u +ute!u fi !tfe, 4u +ute!u 35+ietri !0e5e4e! !r'eti+uri*r D!r !ce!0t/ &i!7/, +e4tru c/ 0e +/5/1i0e!ici, 34 !ce0t 0+!7iu )e*)r!fic şi 0e eH+ri5!0e 34 c*4cretu i0t*ric ! !ce0tui +*+*r r*5;4e0c er! * via&$rom=neasc$, şi *ricu5 0=!r fi 5!4ife0t!t e!, t*t r*5;4e!0c/ r/534e!34 !ce!0t/ cre1i47/ 0e !f! i&*ru !ceui i4e+ui!i *+ti5i05 ! ui Mirce! Vuc/4e0cuF cre1i47! 34i41e0tructiiit!te! 0tructuri*r fu41!5e4t!e !e &ie7ii et4ice şi cutur!e r*5;4eşti O+ti5i05 +e c!re, cre1, 4u"=! !&ut 4ici u4u 1i4tre +r*fe7ii 0!u +urt/t*rii 1e cu&34t !i +*iticii şi cuturii r*5;4eşti Nu &*i uit! 4ici*1!t/ ce5i=! 5/rturi0it Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 1e 5!i 5ute *ri, 34tre "#6- şi "#<$F c/ e 4u cre1e 34 1i0+!ri7i! 4e!5uuir*5;4e0c, *ric3te c!t!0tr*fe 0=!r !!te +e0te 4*iG c/ 4ici * e&e4tu!/ 1e+*rt!re 0!u eHter5i4!re 5!0i&/ !r*5;4i*r 1i4 iee 4*!0tre 4u !r 340e54! 1i0tru)ere! 4e!5uuiG +e4tru c/ (şi !cu5 3i cite +r*+riie ui cu&i4te.



eu cre1 c/ 1!c/ !r 4/&/i !te 4e!5uri şi 0=!r !şe! !ici, ! 4*i, dup$ cîteva secole ar deveni şi ei rom=ni4+E&i1e4t, er! 4u5!i * 5et!f*r/, 1!r eH+ri5! +e 1e=!=4tre)u )341ire! ui Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu A1e&/r!tu 0f3rşit !u4ui 4e!5, singurul 0f3rşit +*0ii, 4u +*!te fi 1ec3t 1e 4!tur/ e0'!t**)ic/ I!r 34 !ce0t c!, 0f3rşitu u4ui 4e!5 +rece1e Ju1ec!t! 1i4 ur5/, 1eci, 34&iere! 4e!5uri*r 34&iere, e&i1e4t, ! u4 !t 5*1 1e ! fi 1ec3t ce ! &ie7iişi i0t*riei 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, +e4tru Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 4e!5u er! i41e0tructiiF 34 Istorie, 4ici * tr!40f*r5!reşi 4ici * c!t!0tr*f/ 4u=i +ute!u 0c'i5! e0e47! 4ici 0tructur! (şi 4ici * e&e4tu!/ eHter5i4!re ! 4e!5uui 4=!r fi

f*0t 1efi4iti&/, +e4tru c/, !c/tui41u=0e 34tr=u4 !4u5it +ei0!)iu, şi 5*1ific341u=0e 34 c*4f*r5it!te cu te41i47eeui 0+ecifice, *!5e4ii c!re 0=!r i40t!! 34 !ce0t +ei0!)iu, c!re 0=!r i4te)r!, 1e f!+t, 34 !ce!0t/ u5e cutur!/ Luci!4 B!)! !r fi 0+u0 34 !ce!0t/ 5!tc/ 0tii0tic/ !r 1e&e4i cu ti5+u r*5;4i 34 0e40u c/ !r c*4ti4u!5*1u 1e ! fi şi 1e ! cre! ! r*5;4i*r. I!r 4e!5u 4u +ute! fi 1i0tru0, 4ici +ri4 34c'eiere! e0'!t**)ic/ !

Istoriei, +e4tru c/ !tu4ci &! !&e! *c 34&iere! 4e!5uri*rS<< Er!u c37i&! c!re 0e 34tre!u cît 1e adev$rat$ er! !ce!0t/ 34cre1ere 34 Vi!7/ şi c3t 1e real$ +ute! fi, ! u4 0!&!4t)e4i! c! e, * cre1i47/ !t3t 1e 7/r/4e!0c/ e 34tre!u !0t!, +e4tru c/, 3şi 0+u4e!u, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu fu0e0e1/ruit cu t*!te 1!rurieF er! fru5*0, !&e! * 0/4/t!te 1e fier, 4u fu0e0e 4ici*1!t/ 0/r!c, er! 34c*4ur!t 1e +riete4i şi!15ir!t*ri, 4u fu0e0e 34cerc!t 1e 4ici * tr!)e1ie +er0*4!/ 0!u f!5ii!/G triu5f!0e 34t*t1e!u4!, şi +e t*!te +!4urie, c'i!r 1!c/ u4e*ri 4u i 0e 1/1u0e *cu +e c!re 3 5erit! (u4/*!r/, ! 6> 1e !4i 4u er! 1ec3t !0i0te4t 1eEtic/ ! :4i&er0it!te! 1i4 Bucureşti. D!r er! 1e0tu 0/=" cu4*şti 5!i i4e c! 0/=7i 1!i 0e!5! c/ Mirce!Vuc/4e0cu +ri&e! t*!te 340uşirie şi 0ucce0ee ui c! 4işte 1!ruri !e Vie7ii, +e c!re e 34)/1ui0e Du54eeu, şi

1!c/ ee i=!r fi f*0t retr!0e 4u i=!r fi 0c'i5!t 4ici 1e+i4! ui 34cre1ere 34 &i!7/, 4ici 5!re! ui cre1i47/ T*!te!ce0te! i 0e +/re!u 1e !tfe fireşti C/ci, 0+u4e!, *!5e4ii uit/ 1e *icei c/ 1!rurie, c! şi 34cerc/rie, &i4 t*t 1e !Du54eeuC341 !u &e4it 34cerc/rie, Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu e=! +ri5it 0e4i4 şi 34cre/t*rG 34tr=u4 !4u5it fe, 5i0teri*0, 0ei4te)r!u &ie7ii ui rei)i*!0e I4 c3te&! ie ! +ier1ut t*tF !&ere, )*rie, 0itu!7ie 0*ci!/ )i !c!1e5ic/, f!5iiie,iert!te D!r ! r/5!0 !ce!şi Nu 0=! 341*it i 4ici 4=! t/)/1uitG ! c*4ti4u!t 0/ 5/rturi0e!0c/ cu !cee!şi 0e4i4/fer5it!te cre1i47! şi 34cre1ere! ui 1e t*t1e!u4! A7ii, c!re i=!u f!0t 5!i !+r*!+e, &*r +*&e0ti cu 1e=!5/4u4tu,!ici 0!u !t/1!t/, 1!t! +e c!re ! tr/it=* Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 34 te54i7/ Ce şti5 cu *7ii, 4e e 1e!u40 c! 0/347ee)e5 cît de total$ i.a fost victoria+ ict*rie 35+*tri&! c//i*r, 1e0i)ur, 1!r 5!i !e0 &ict*rie 35+*tri&!M*r7iiPe4tru c/ şti5 cu5 ! 5uritI!r uti5u ui 5e0!)iu 1i4 te54i7/, !1re0!t fiec/rui! 1i4 4*i, ! *0t !ce0t!F / 4u 4e r/u4!7iC'ic!)*, 4*ie5rie "#-%

0Prodromos, "#-8. R@%@REL #' I@#%!E B '#I L' M@'R* u c3t trec !4ii, cu !t3t +!re 5!i 5i0teri*!0/ e)e41! Pr*fe0*ruui !e I*4e0cu 34 *c'ii ce*r c!re 4u =!u cu4*0cutşi 4u i=!u !0cut!t c7iie 1e L*)ic/, Te*ri! Cu4*!şterii şi Met!fiic/ 1e ! K!cut!te! Î Litere 1i4 Bucureşti Cu50/ eH+ice !15ir!7i! !+r*!+e fre4etic/,S<C 1e&*t!5e4tu, iuire! cu c!re ! f*0t 34c*4ur!t, 34 +ri5u r341 1e 0tu1e47i, 1!r 4u 4u5!i 1e ei, 34ce+341 1i4 "#2>şi +34/ ! 5*!rte^ Ci4e er! !ce0t *5^, !5 t*t !uit 34tre341u=0e Ce=! f/cut^ Ce=! 0cri0^ N!e I*4e0cu 4=! !+uc!t 0/ 0crie c/r7i Pe4tru c/, 0+u4e!, c/r7ie u4ui fi**f +re)/te0c şi +rei4t/ 0i0te5u ui +er0*4! 1e )341ireG 1!r fi**fu 4u=şi f*r5ue!/ 0i0te5u 1ec3t 34 ci+! c341 ! 347ee0 c/ &i!7! 4u=" 5!i +*!te34&/7! 4i5ic Orice 0i0te5 1e fi**fie, re+et! !1e0e! N!e I*4e0cu, e0te +i!tr! 1e 5*r534t ! fi**fuuiE 1re+t, !u f*0t ti+/rite c3te&! &*u5e 1!r trei 1i4 ee 0Istoria Logicei, "#<"G Metafi)ica, III, "#<2=<6. !u!+/rut +*0tu5 şi cu+ri41 cur0uri e1it!te 1e c37i&! 1i4 f*ştii ui ee&i C3t +ri&eşte c*ec7i! 1e !rtic*e 1e critic/

1r!5!tic/, te**)ie şi fi**fi! cuturii +uic!te 0u titu Ro)a Vuiturilor ("#6%., c!rte! ! f*0t !c/tuit/ !0u)e0ti! Pr*fe0*ruui A R*0etti, 1irect*ru E1iturii Cutur! N!7i*4!/ D!r 4u cre1 c/ ectur! !ce0t*r &*u5e,! c!re 0=!r +ute! !1/u)! şi te! 1e 1*ct*r!t 1e ! Mii4c'e4, ie Logisti8 als Versuc" einer neuen Jegrundungder Mat"emati8 ("#"#., eHi0te4t/ 1*!r 34 c3te&! eHe5+!re 1!cti*)r!fi!te, !r +ute! eH+ic!, 0!u u0tific!,e)e41! Pr*fe0*ruui N!e I*4e0cu P*!te 4u5!i ci4e&! c/rui! i=!r fi !cce0iie 5utee 0ute 1e !rtic*e +uic!te, 0u 0e54/tur/ şi +0eu1*4i5e, 34 !uvîntul, Predania şi !te c3te&! +uic!7ii +eri*1ice, +*!te 4u5!i u4!0e5e4e! cetit*r 4*r*c*0 !r +ute! 347ee)e 34 ce ! c*40t!t fe4*5e4u cutur! N!e I*4e0cuAr 1e0c*+eri, 34 +ri5u r341, c3t 1e 0ur+ri4/t*r ! !4tici+!t Pr*fe0*ru fi**fiie !u40e ! 5*1/ 1u+/ "#<>, e,c!re 3şi 34&/7! 0tu1e47ii 0/ fi**fee +ec341 1e ! i5e1i!t, 1e ! 34t35+/ri +er0*4!e, şi e !5i4te! c/ u4)341it*r 3şi +*!te 34)/1ui *rice iert!te 34 0+ecu!7iie ui 34 !f!r/ 1e iert!te! 1e ! 4u 7i4e 0e!5! 1e Vi!7/ C'i!rfeu ui 1 !=şi *r)!4i! c*4feri47ee şi ec7iie u4i&er0it!re şi 1e !=şi 0crie !rtic*ee e&*c/ 5!i 1e)r!/ 0tiu!4i*r "#>$=-$ 1ec3t e+*c! "#2>=<$ Ri)ur*0, f/r/ 0/ fie 1*)5!tic, f!0ci4!t 1e 0tri4)e47! şi tr!40+!re47! !4)eic/! +r*ce0e*r *)ice, 1!r +!0i*4!t 1e ire&ere47! c*5+!ct/ ! c*4cretuui, 1e i4e+ui!i! cre!ti&it!te ! 0i0te5e*r&ii, 1e ! 5*rf**)i! &e)et!/ ! i40titu7iie cutur!e N!e I*4e0cu cere! 0tu1e47i*r, ! 0e5i4!r, 0/ 1e0cifreeşi 0/ u0tifice c'i!r cee 5!i 0ecrete !uii 34 Regulae



S<F ad directionem ingenii, 1!r 7i4e! ec7ii 1e 1e0c'i1ere 1e0+re Dr!)*0te! c! i40tru5e4t 1e cu4*!ştere, M*1! 34fi**fie, K!u0t şi +r*e5! 534tuirii, Mi)re4ee ui Niet0c'eDe !0e5e4e!, i4tere0u ui f!7/ 1e +r*e5ee rei)i*!0e şi te**)ice, 1eşi refect!, 34 +!rte, 5*5e4tu i0t*ric"#2$="#6$ &*)! 4e*=t*5i05uui, 34ce+uturie te**)iei 1i!ectice, +*+u!rit!te! cre0c341/ ! ui M!rti4 Buer,1e0c*+erire! ui hier=e)!!r1 0e 34c!1re!/ 5!i cur341 34 +r*e5!tic! rei)i*!0/ 0+ecific/ e+*cii "#<>="#-$

(u4/*!r/, +!0iu4e! Pr*fe0*ruui +e4tru Ori)e4 şi !+*c!t!0t!/, +e4tru h!!/ şi 5i0ticii re4!4i, +e4truitur)'iie +*+u!re, 0i5*i05u rei)i*0 etc.I4 ce +ri&eşte feu 1e ! 0crie ! ui N!e I*4e0cu, e ! 340e54!t * ru+tur/ f!7/ 1e tr!1i7i! !c!1e5ic/ r*5;4e!0c/, şi34tr=* !4u5it/ 5/0ur/ c'i!r f!7/ 1e ce! eur*+e!4/ M!i 34t3i, f!+tu 1e ! fi**f! 34 !rtic*e (0curte. 1e i!r,!ş! cu5 4u f/cu0er/ +34/ !tu4ci 1ec3t :4!5u4* şi Orte)! !00et D!r 5!i !e0 e5!4ci+!re! f!7/ 1e !r)*4u!c!1e5ic (eu 0criu c! u4 /c!4, 5/rturi0e!. şi i)4*r!re! cere5*4i!e*r ret*rice tr!1i7i*4!e, c!re !u 1u0, f!t!,! c*5+r*5itere! ui N!e I*4e0cu 34 *c'ii 5ut*r! 1i4 c*e)ii ui Nu e 0eri*0, 0e 0+u4e!G 4u e ştii47ific ştii47! 340e54341, 34 !ce0t c!, 4*te eru1ite, ii*)r!fie şi cit!te 34 5!i 5ute i5i i t*t !t3t 1ec*5+r*5i7/t*!re !+/re!u, 34 *c'ii ştii47ifici*r, 5e1it!7iie şi c*5e4t!riie ui 34 e)/tur/ cu te5e tri&i!e,!1ic/ 34t35+/ri 1e t*!te ieeD!r 1e ! ! 1*ie! r/*i 5*41i! 34c*!ce, )341it*rii, criticii, 0criit*rii c!5 !0t! f!cF 5e1ite!/ !0u+r!34t35+/ri*r 1e t*!te iee, c*5e4te!/ te5e tri&i!e i 4u ş*&/ie0c 0/ c*!*ree ! i!ree 10=5!re tir!, 0/ +!rtici+e ! c!5+!4ii +*itice, 0/ i4ter&i4/ 34 *rice fe 1e 5!4ife0t!7ie +uic/ Ki**fi 1e +re0ti)iu, cre1i4ci*şi

0!u !)4*0tici @ei1e))er, J!0+er0, !rie M!rce, Ric*eur etc 1e!t +r*e5e rei)i*!0e 34tr=u4 fe c!re4u !5i4teşte +e %i+ T*5! 0!u Ber)0*4, 4ici 5/c!r +e c'eier5!=c'er 0!u Ru1*f Ott*, ci 5!i 1e)r!/ +e N!eI*4e0cu 34tr=!1e&/r, 5!i +u7i4 1e u4 !4 34!i4te 1e 5*!rte, Pr*fe0*ru 0e '*t/r30e 0/ 0crie 1*u/ c/r7iF u4!omentariu ! E+i0t*ee f34tuui P!&e şi !$derea în !osmos, !ce!0t! 1i4 ur5/ !c/tuit/ 1i4tr=* 0erie 1e0cri0*ri, 5!*rit!te! c/tre * +riete4/ (N!e I*4e0cu 0*c*te! +e f34tu P!&e ce 5!i i5+*rt!4t )341it*r creşti4 4u +e4tru c/ !r fi !&ut 5!i 5ut )e4iu fi**fic 1ec3t, u4/*!r/, f34tu Au)u0=ti4, Ori)e4 0!u f34tu T*5!, ci +e4tru c/ !r/t!0e 34 ce 0e40 0eS< +ute! )341i fi**fic, 34 c'i+ cre!t*r, 1u+/ 34tru+!re. D!c/ !r fi !+uc!t 0/ 34c'eie !ce0te c/r7i, c37i fi**fi şic'i!r +r*fe0*ri 1e fi**fie 4u =!r i4&i1i!, ast$)i, +e4tru 4*ut!te! şi modernitatea 0tii0tic/ ! *+erei^D!r, e&i1e4t, !t3t! ti5+ c3t teHtee r/534 i4!cce0iie, e)e41! ui N!e I*4e0cu &! c*4ti4u! 0/ 4e1u5ire!0c/,0!u 0/ irite, +e t*7i cei c!re 4u =!u cu4*0cut De*c!51!t/ 4u e 4i5ic 1e f/cutG şi 4*i, c!re =!5 cu4*0cut, şicei!7i, &! treui 0/ 5!i !şte+t/5 D!r u4 ucru e0te 0i)urF !u trecut 6$ 1e !4i 1e ! 5*!rte! ui N!e I*4e0cu, şi 34

*c c! 0cri0u şi )341ire! ui 0/ 34ce!+/ ! rei4te)r! t*t 5!i &iii !eru 1e e+*c/ ! +r*1uc7iei !4i*r "#2>="#<$,3şi +recie!/, 1i5+*tri&/, 4*ut!te!, *ri)i4!it!te! şi *)/7i! Nu 0e 0+u4e c/ +ur)!t*riu *ric/rui !ut*r 0e +reu4)eşte 6$ 1e !4i 1u+/ 5*!rte! Iui^ C/ 1e !i! !tu4ci, 1u+/ 6$ 1e !4i, 0e &! &e1e! 1!c/ *+er! +*!te +ree4t!&reu4 i4tere0 4*i*r )e4er!7ii 1e citit*ri, 1!c/ !re 0!u 4u ş!40e 0/ rei0te ti5+uui^ 34 !ce0t ti5+, c37i 1i4tre)341it*rii şi 0criit*rii eur*+e4i, !t3t 1e +*+u!ri !0t/i, 341r/4e0c 0/ 0+ere c/, 6$ 1e !4i 1u+/ 5*!rte! *r, &*r fi!t3t 1e actuali +e c3t e0te, 34 iee 4*!0tre, fi**fu N!e I*4e0cu^C'ic!)*, 28 feru!rie "#%$ 0Prodromos, "#%$.

R@M' #E V' M'I I '!'ŞI+++Pe4tru r*5;4i, R*5! 4u &! 5!i fi !cee!şi K/r/ Mirce! P*+e0cu, *r!şu 34t34iri*r 4*!0tre re1e&i4e ce=! f*0t, şice &! c*4ti4u! 0/ fieF Cet!te! Eter4/ Pree47! ui Mirce! P*+e0cu 3i !1/u)!0e * 4*u/ 1i5e40iu4eF !cee! !rei0te47ei 0+iritu!e r*5;4eşti C3te 5ii 1e 0cri0*ri, !1re0!te r*5;4i*r ri0i+i7i 34 trei c*4ti4e4te, c3te 0ute 1e!rtic*e +uic!te 34 i!ree şi +eri*1icee it!ie4eşti, c3te C*4)re0e !e *ciet/7ii Ac!1e5ice, 34f/+tuite 34 u4/

+!rte 1!t*rit/ *+ti5i05uui şi e4er)iei ui, c3te &*u5e 1i4 Revista %criitorilor Rom=ni, +e c!re ! 34)riit=*, 5u7i!4i, !+r*!+e 0i4)ur i t*!te !ce0te! 1u0e ! u4 0f3fşit f/r/ e5f!/, cu 5ut t!ct şi 34c/ şi 5!i 5ut u5*r, 34ti5+u ier +e c!re i=" /0!u cur0urie u4i&er0it!re, cr*4icie 1e ! R!1i* şi eH!5e4ee 1e ! !c!!ure!tPe4tru Mirce! P*+e0cu +r*fe0*r, )!et!r şi *5 1e cutur/ eHiu 340e54! 34 +ri5u r341 iert!te! 1e !cercet! şi u1ec!S<Aobiectiv re!it/7ie +*itice şi cutur!e 1i4 7!r/ C'i!r şi 34 !rtic*ee ui +*e5ice, 4u 0e /0! i0+itit 1e &*u+t!te!i4&ecti&ei, 4ici 1e i4c!41e0ce47! f!4!ti05uui +!tri*tic 'dev$rul i 0e +/re! !t3t 1e 0tri)/t*r ! cer 34c3t 0i5+! ui5/rturi0ire !r fi treuit 0/ 340+/i534te şi 0/ c*4&i4)/D!r eHiu 5!i 340e54! +e4tru Mirce! P*+e0cu şi 1!t*ri! 1e ! c*4ti4u! tr!1i7i! cutur!/ r*5;4e!0c/, 34treru+t/34 7!r/ De !cee! 0=! 1e1ic!t cu !t3t! 1e&*t!5e4t *ciet/7ii Ac!1e5ice, !e c/rei 2> 1e &*u5e 1e 'cta, !/turi de

Revista %criitorilor Rom=ni, iu0tr!u eHe5+!r cre!ti&it!te! cutur!/ r*5;4e!0c/G 34 !f!r/ 1e c*4triu7iie!+/rute 34 +uic!7iie *ciet/7ii Ac!1e5ice şi 34 !te re&i0te !e eHiuui, ! ti+/rit c3te&! &*u5e şi 5ute 0tu1ii 34re&i0tee it!ie4eşti, 34 e)/tur/ cu f*c*ru, +*ei! +*+u!r/, i0t*ri! iter!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ şi e)/turie it!*=r*5;4e Priete4ii &*r !&e! )ri! 0/ !1u4e 34tr=u4 &*u5 5/c!r * +!rte 1i4 !ce0te 0tu1ii şi !rtic*e, c/ci 4u 0u4t



5u7i it!ie4i!47i şi c*5+!r!tişti 1e 0t!tur! ui D!r, e&i1e4t, *ric3te 0e &*r f!ce şi *ric3t 0e &! ti+/ri, +ier1ere! e0te ire+!r!i/ K/r/ Mirce! P*+e0cu, +e4trur*5;4i, R*5! 4u ! 5!i fi !cee!şi0Limite, "#%>.ADDENDA%R>IE 'L.>@R>

er)iu A=eOr)e ! f*0t, f/r/ 341*i!/, ce 5!i 34e0tr!t şi ce 5!i cre!t*r i41i!4i0t r*5;4 =! 0tr/1uit 0/cu4*!0c/ şi 0/ 347ee!)/ cutur! i41i!4/ 34 t*t!it!te! ei Nu 0=! 5u7u5it 4u5!i 0/ 34&e7e, te5ei4ic, i5!0!40crit/G ! f*0t f!0ci4!t 1e eHce+7i*4!! c*ere47/ ! )r!5!ticii 0!40crite, 1e 5etric! şi +*etic! +e c!re e=! f/cut +*0iie i re)/0i5 !cee!şi c!+!cit!te 1e !4!i/ 34 !134ci5e, !cee!şi i4tui7ie şi i4tei)e47/ 34 t*!te ef*rturieui1e ! 1e)!! 0tructurie 0+irituui i41i!4 şi !=i iu0tr! cre!ti&it!te!F !t3t 34 0tu1iu rituri*r şi c*4ce+7ii*r rei)i*!0e,c3t şi 34 ce ! 0i0te5e*r 1e fi**fie, ! iter!turii, ! !rte*r +!0ticeDi4 4efericire, 4u5!i c3te&! 1i4 0tu1iie ui er)iu A=e*r)e !u !+/rut 34 re&i0tee 0tr/i4e 1e *rie4t!i0tic/ /0+er/5 c/ !ce0te ucr/ri, 35+reu4/ cu tr!1ucere! !t*r c*4triu7ii i5+*rt!4te, !cce0iie !0t/i 4u5!i 34r*5;4eşte, &*r fi cur341 reu4ite 34 &*u5Ce! 5!i *ri)i4!/ c!rte ! ui er)iu A=e*r)e, * c*4triu7ie 5!*r/ ! 'er5e4eutic! 0+iritu!it/7ii r*5;4eşti,e0te 'r"aic şi universal5 India în conştiin&a cultural$ rom=neasc$ (E1itur! E5i4e0cu, Bucureşti, "#8", 2#> +.A4!iee şi c*5e4t!riie 34 e)/tur/ cu cre!7iie ui Br;4cuşi, E5i4e0cu, B!)! şi !e !ut*ruui !ce0t*r r341uri,!4!ie şi c*5e4t!rii 34te5ei!te +e * 1*cu5e4t!7ie &!0t/ şi i5+ec!i/, 1e0c'i1 4*i +er0+ecti&e 34 &!*rific!re!

cuturii r*5;4eşti E&i1e4t, 0=!r +ute! +re0u+u4e c/ * !0e5e4e! c!rte, re&e!t*!re +e4tru 4*i, r*5;4ii, !r i4tere0!5!i +u7i4 +e citit*rii 0tr/i4i D!r, er)iu A=e*r)e c*40!cr/ u4 u4) c!+it* (+e0te * 0ut/ 1e +!)i4i. *+erei uiBr;4cuşi şi !4!*)ii*r +e c!re e 1e0c*+er/ 34 cutur! i41i!4/ Tr!1u0/ 34tr=* i5/ 1e 5!re circu!7ie, !ce!0t/eHe)e/, 4*u/ şi +r*fu41/, &! +!0i*4! u4 +uic !r),SC/c*5+ete4t şi &!ri!tG 4u 4u5!i +e !15ir!t*rii ui Br;4cuşi (1i4 ce 34 ce 5!i 4u5er*şi 34 t*!te c*7urie u5ii., 1!rşi +e criticii şi i0t*ricii !rte*r, +e i0t*ricii şi fi**fii cuturii, +e !rtiştii +!0tici şi +e +*e7iAce0te C*5e4t!rii i41ie4e ! Br;4cuşi, cu5 e 4u5eşte, 5*1e0t, !ut*ru, c*40tituie u4 !1e&/r!t 5*1e er)iuA=e*r)e 3şi c*4ce4tre!/ !4!i! !0u+r! c3t*r&! te5e e0e47i!eF K*r5/ şi 0i5*, C**!4! 5itic/,C**!4! ritu!/, C**!4!, cu+u şi +*!rt!, C**!4! şi *&*i1u, Te5+u 1e ! I41*re, A0ce40i*=4!it!te!7e0t*!0ei, K*r5/, 0i5* şi e0e47/ EHe)e! cre!7ii*r r;4cuşie4e 0e 1e0f/ş*!r/ +e 5!i 5ute +!4uriFeH+icit!re! fiec/rui 5*ti& ce4tr! 1i4 *+er! ui Br;4cuşi, +ree4t!re! şi !4!i! !4!*)ii*r i41ie4e, c*5+et!tecu i4ter+ret!re! !4u5it*r +!r!ee 1i4 +rei0t*ri! 0u1=e0t eur*+e!4/ şi 1i4 f*c*ru r*5;4e0c 34 f*41, er)iu A=

e*r)e ! reuşit 0/ iu0tree, 34 5*1 eHe5+!r, cee! ce !5 +ute! 4u5i * 4*u/ 5et*1/ c*5+!r!ti&/ +e4tru=cercet!re! şi 347ee)ere! cre!7ii*r ci&ii!7ii*r tr!1i7i*4!e C341 &! fi cu4*0cut/, +e0te )r!4i7e, * !0e5e4e!5et*1/ 3şi &! !r/t! re+e1e r*!1ee0Rom=nia literar$, iuie "#8<.*R'I(If E#IVR%'LI%* N# !EL*ER' R@MQ#'%! i Orice cutur/ !ute4tic/ e +*!r/, !1ic/ 0e 34f/7işe!/ +ri4 cre!7ii 0+iritu!e !4ti4*5ice şi c*5+e5e4t!re Cutur!)re!c/ 4u +*!te fi re1u0/, f/r/ ri0cu 1e ! fi 5uti!t/, 4u5!i ! &!*rie re+ree4t!te 1e 0+iritu !+*i4ic, 4icinumai ! !cee! re+ree4t!te 1e 0+iritu 1i*4i0i!c e4iu )rec ! f*0t 4utrit cu * e)!/ fer&*!re !t3t 1e Di*4i0*0,c3t şi 1e A+**4 i *5u )rec 0e 0itue!/ c! !t!re 34 i0t*rie 34 5/0ur! 34 c!re +!rtici+/ ! te40iu4e! 34tre !ceşti1*i +*i 0+iritu!iG fie c/ *+te!/ +e4tru u4u 1i4 ei, fie c/ 34ce!rc/ 0/=i 1e+/şe!0c/ şi 0/=i re&!*rifice 34tr=* 4*u/0i4te/Ace!şi ucru e0te !1e&/r!t şi +e4tru !te cuturi, &ec'i 0!u 5*1er4e Cutur! it!i!4/ cu4*!şte, 1e ! c*40tituire!ei, * 1u/ tr!1i7ie, iu0tr!t/ 1e D!4te şi Petr!rc! 34 cutur! fr!4ce/, ui R!e!i0 0!u M*4t!i)4e i 0e *+u4e

P!0c!G ui V*t!ire Je!4=J!c?ue0 R*u00e!uG ui A4!t*e Kr!4ce C'!re0 Pe)u etc Acee!şi te4=2-20iu4e * re34t34i5 34 cutur! )er5!4/ c!re 4u +*!te fi re1u0/, f/r/ ! fi !5+ut!t/ şi, 1eci, r/u 347ee!0/ 4ici! +*i7i! 0+iritu!/ ! ui Mei0ter Ec'!rt 0!u *et'e, 4ici ! !cee! ! u4ui !)4er 0!u Niet0c'e 34 cutur!e4)e/, +*!rit!te! şi !4ti4*5iie 0e 5!4ife0t/ 34 te40iu4e! 1i4tre e5+iri05 şi +r!)5!ti05, +e 1e * +!rte,r*5!4ti05 şi 0+iritu!i05, +e 1e !t! .?m 34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/, Mi'!i E5i4e0cu şi=! 1*341it u4 *c u4icT*tuşi, *+er! ui 4u +*!te re+ree4t! fe4*5e4u 0+iritu! r*5;4e0c 34 34tre)i5e! ui A/turi 1e Mi'!i E5i4e0cutreuie 0/ !5i4ti5 +e C!r!)i!e, 1u+/ cu5 !/turi 1e @!01eu treuie !5i4tit (c! 0/=" c*rectee şi 0/="c*5+etee. Titu M!i*re0cu, !/turi 1e N I*r)! u4 E L*&i4e0cu, !/turi 1e V!0ie P;r&!4, u4 P!u Z!rif*+*,c! 0/ 4u 5e47i*4/5 1ec3t c37i&! 1i4tre fru4t!şii cuturii 4*!0tre Te40iu4e! 34tre, 0/ 0+u4e5, +*u e5i4e0ci!4(0!u i*r)'i0t etc. şi +*u c!r!)i!e0c (0!u *&i4e0ci!4 etc., e0te c*4ti4u/ 1e=! u4)u i0t*riei cuturii r*5;4e5*1er4eTreuie 0/ +reci/5, 340/, c/ !ce!0t/ +*!rit!te !4ti4*5ic/ şi c*5+e5e4t!r/ 0e re)/0eşte +e 4e4u5/r!te !te +!4uri şi 4u e t*t1e!u4! re1uctii/ ! cee! ce !5 4u5it e5i4e0ci!4i05 şi c!r!)i!i05 A0tfe, 34c/ 1e !34ce+uturie cuturii r*5;4e 5*1er4e, 3't34i5 te41i47! +e c!re !5 4u5i=* ! *5uui u4i&er0! (iu0tr!t/ 1e



Di5itrie C!4te5ir, @!01eu, E5i4e0cu, 34tr=* !4u5it/ 5/0ur/ N I*r)!., *+u4341u=0e u4ei te41i47e c*4tr!re, +ec!re !5 +ute!=* 4u5i *c!/ şi !4ti=u4i&er0!/, !&341 c! 5it ce4tr! cre1i47! 34tr=u4 r*5;4 !ute4tic, 347ee0 c!* fii47/ 34 +erfect/ 0i5i*/ cu 5e1iu 0/u c*05ic şi 0*ci! (+ei0!)iu şi &i!7! !r'!ic/ ! 0!tuui., fii47/ c!re, 1u+/*+i4i! !ce0t*r !ut*'t*4işti, şi=!r +ier1e !ute4ticit!te! şi *ri)i4!it!te! 341!t/ ce !r fi 05u0/ 1i4 5!trice! ei0+iritu!/ Cre!4)/, V!'u7/, 34tre) cure4tu 0/5/4/t*ri0t, +recu5 şi !7i 0criit*ri 35+/rt/şe0c !ce0t +u4ct 1e&e1ere Au f*0t r*5;4i 1e 0e!5/ c!re cre1e!u c/ 4i5ic cre!t*r 4u +*!te i&*r3 1i4 +!4! u4ui 0criit*r c!re !

+ier1ut e)/tur! &ie cu +ei0!)iu şi f*c*ru 0/te0cG 34 ti5+ ce !7ii cre1e!u t*c5!i, 1i5+*tri&/, c/ 0i4)ur! ş!40/ +e4tru u4 0criit*r 1e ! cre! &!!i 0t/ 34 c!+!cit!te! ui 1e ! 0e !1!+t! ci5!tuui 0+iritu! *cci1e4t! şi ! 0ei4te)r! u4ui 5!re cure4t ! iter!turi*r *cci1e4t!e c*4te5+*r!4e Ti5+ 1e 1*u/ )e4er!7ii 0=! 1i0cut!t 34R*5;4i! 1!c/ iter!tur! 4*!0tr/ treuie 0/ fie 0+ecific 4!7i*4!/ 0!u u4i&er0!/, uit341u=0e c/ t*!te *+eree cu!1e&/r!t u4i&er0!e re+rei4t/ )e4iu 0+ecific ! u4ui +*+*rV*5 re)/0i şi 34 tr!1i7i! 4*!0tr/ +*+u!r/ !cee!şi +*!rit!te !4ti4*5ic/ şi c*5+e5e4t!r/ +e c!re !5 34t35+i4!t=- +e 1i&er0e +!4uri şi 1i4 +er0+ecti&e &!ri!te 34 tr!1i7i! 4*!0tr/ cut/ M!re! 5!*rit!te ! +*+*ruui 4*0tru!c/tui41=* +*+u!7i! !)r!r/, şi f*!rte 5u7i 1i4tre c/rtur!rii şi 0criit*rii 4*ştri fii41 c*+ii 0!u 4e+*7i 1e 7/r!4i, 0=!34r/1/ci4!t ! 4*i cre1i47! c/, 34t*c5!i 1u+/ cu5 R*5;4i! e0te * 7!r/ e5i4!5e4te !)ric*/, t*t !ş! cutur! +*+u!r/ r*5;4/ e0te +ri4 eHcee4/ cre!7i! +u)!ri*r O&i1 De40u0i!4u ! !tr!0, 340/, !te47i! c/ * u4/ +!rte 1i4 +*ei! +*+u!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ e0te 1e i40+ir!7ie şi 1e 0tructur/ +!0t*r!/ Liric! şi !!1! +*+u!r/ 0e !r!t/ ! fi1*5i4!te 1e 5*ti&e +!0t*r!e Miori&a *)i41eşte u4 C*05*0 +!0t*r!, (!r 1r!5! ei 0e ureşte 1i4 0i4)ur/t!te! şi1e0ti4ee ci*!4i*r D*ru 340uşi ! f*0t, 1!c/ 4u cre!t, ce +u7i4 !134cit şi !5+ific!t +34/ ! * eH+re0ie

5et!fiic/ ! eHi0te47ei, +ri4 tri0te7ie şi 5e!4c*iie ci*!4i*r, 34 4e0f3rşitee *r r/t/ciri 0te!reC341 &*ri5 1e cre!7ii +!0t*r!e şi cre!7ii 7/r/4eşti 4u e 34 )341u 4*0tru 1e ! e c*40i1er! 1re+t +r*1u0e 0trict1eter5i4!te 1e c*41i7iie 0*ci!e şi ec*4*5ice !e +/0t*ri*r şi +u)!ri*r Nu c/1e5 34 )reşe!! 1e ! 0*c*ti **+er/ 1e !rt/ 0!u * &iiu4e )*!/ ! u5ii 1re+t +r*1u0u eHcu0i& ! c*41i7ii*r ec*4*5ic*=0*ci!e D!r 4u e5!i +u7i4 !1e&/r!t c/ *rice c*41i7ie u5!4/, fie e! i41i&i1u!/ 0!u c*ecti&/, e0te * situa&ie istoric$, şi 1i4 +er0+ecti&! ei 0e 1e0c'i1 !4u5ite u4i&er0uri 0+iritu!e i4!cce0iie 0!u, 34 *rice c!, 5!i +u7i4 f!5ii!re !t*r0itu!7ii i0t*riceD*ru 4u e u4 +r*1u0 ! c*41i7iei ec*4*5ic*=0*ci!e ! +/0t*ri*r 1!r * !0e5e4e! c*41i7ie !f/cut +*0ii/ şi ! +*te47!t tr/ire! şi eH+re0i! !ce0tui 0e4ti5e4t 5et!fiic re&e!t 1e 0i4)ur/t!te, 1e+/rt!re,5e!4c*ie, 4*0t!)ie etc, 0e4ti5e4t +e c!re=" eH+ri5/ cu !t3t! !cuit!te cu&34tu dor+P/0t*rii !u !c/tuit 1i4 cee 5!i &ec'i ti5+uri * +re=1i!0+*r! r*5;4e!0c/ Purt341u=şi tur5ee 1i4 C!r+!7iiP/1ur*şi +34/ 34 D*r*)e!, 0!u 1i4 Mu47ii A+u0e4i +34/ 34 B!0!r!i! şi u4cie Ni0truui, ei !u c*4triuit 4u4u5!i ! 5e47i4ere! u4it/7ii )r!iuui şi *iceiuri*r r*5;4eşti, 1!r !u !c/tuit t*t*1!t/ u4 ee5e4t u4i&er0!i0t34 +/5!1! cuturii +*+u!re Ei !u /r)it t*t 5!i 5ut 0fer! 4*7iu4ii 1e &eci4, !u 1e0c*+erit c*47i4utu u5!4 !

0trei4uui, !u 1e+/şit c*5+eHee 1e 0u0+iciu4e şi te!5/ f!7/ 1e *!5e4i, )r!iuri, cre1i47e şi *iceiurieHce4trice P/0t*rii !u 1e0c*+erit omul şi omenia 4u 4u5!i c! * c!te)*rie rei)i*!0/ !:SC;eHi0te47ei (f/+tur! ui Du54eeu., cu5 * f/cu0er/ 1e 5ut r*5;4ii 34 t*t!it!te! *r, ci !u 1e0c*+erit *5u 34c*4cretu ui i0t*ric şi *5e4i! 34!+*i! 4e4u5/r!te*r şi !1e0e! c*4tr!1ict*rii*r &!ri!4te *c!e Q/r!4u,1i5+*tri&/, +!rtici+/ !t3t 1e 1e0/&3rşit ! 5icr*c*05*0u 0!tuui ui 4!t!, 34c3t 0e 0i5te 340tr/i4!t 341!t/ ce +ei0!)iu 0e 0c'i5/ Trecere! 1e ! 0!t ! *r!ş ec'i&!e!/ cu * 1er/1/ci4!re şi * u4/ +!rte 1i4 iter!tur!4*!0tr/ 1i4 +ri5u 0fert ! &e!cuui ! gg=e! (1e ! Oct!&i!4 *)! ! +ri5ee 4u&ee !e ui Ce!r Petre0cu.refecte!/ 1r!5! !ce0tei ru+eri 1i4 *ri*4tu, tr!1i7i! şi 4i&eu &it! ! 0!tuui 34 c*4ce+7i! 7/r/4e!0c/,1er/1/ci4!re! ec'i&!e!/ cu r!t!re!, cu u0c/ciu4e! 0+iritu!/ şi, 34 cee 1i4 ur5/, cu 5*!rte! 0ufete!0c/K/r/ ! +reti41e c/ !ce!0t/ 1u/ tr!1i7ie +*+u!r/ r*5;4e!0c/ !r !&e! &re* e)/tur/ 1irect/ cu +*!rit!te! +e c!re!5 34t35+i4!t=* 34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/ (şi cu c!re, ce 5ut, !r i4ter&e4i !4ti4*5i! 0!t=*r!ş, i!r 4u !cee! +u)!r=+/0t*r., *0er&/5, t*tuşi, c/ 0tructur! 0+iritu!it/7ii !)ric*e 34)/1uie !4u5ite !0e5/4/ri cu tr!1i7i!

e5i4e0ci!4/ şi c*40er&!t*!re, 34 ti5+ ce 0tructur! 0+iritu!it/7ii +!0t*r!e 3şi )/0eşte !4u5ite c*re0+*41e47e 34c*4ce+7i! !4titr!1i7i*4!/ şi c*05*+*it/ +e c!re * re+rei4t/, 34tre !7ii, C!r!=)i!e E&i1e4t, cu * 1e*0eirefu41!5e4t!/ 34 ti5+ ce +/0t*rii 1e0c*+ere!u +e r341 +!4=r*5;4i05u şi u4i&er0!i05u u5!4, i!r0+iritu!it!te! +!0t*r!/ 0e 34te5ei! +e 0e4ti5e4tu 5et!fiic ! 0i4)ur/t/7ii eHi0te47i!e ! *5uui, 534)3i!t/4u5!i 1e c*5u4iu4e!, ui cu u4 C*05*0 &iu şi i4e&*it*r, re+ree4t!47ii cure4tuui c!r!=)i!e0c 34 cutur!r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/ ti41e!u 5!i 1e)r!/ c/tre u4 c*05*+*iti05 340*7it 1e u4 c*5+eH 1e i4feri*rit!te f!7/ 1eOcci1e4t şi 1e u4 eHce0i& 0+irit critic !4titr!1i7i*4!i0t D!r, +ri&ite 1i4tr=* !4u5it/ +er0+ecti&/, eHi0t/ 1e0tue!0e5/4/ri 34tre 1er/1/ci4!re! şi eH+erie47! u4i&er0!=u5!4/ ! +/0t*ri*r şi !4ti=tr!1i7i?4!iştii cuturii r*5;4e5*1er4e i u4ii, şi !7ii !u, 34 +ri5u r341, u4 C*05*0 1e0c'i0 şi * cu4*!ştere 5!i &!0t/ ! *iceiuri*r şi0*ciet/7i*r u5!4e*

M*5e4tu i0t*ric !ctu!, c!re e u4 5*5e4t tr!)ic +e4tru 34tre) c*4ti4e4tu eur*+e!4, 1!r 5!i !e0 +e4tru 4e!5ur*5;4e0c, ! 0iit eci 1e 5ii 1e r*5;4i 0/ 0e refu)iee +e0te '*t!ree 7/rii Pe4tru +ri5! 1!t/ 34 i0t*ri! 4*!0tr/ 0e +*!te &*ri 1e * !1e&/r!t/SC<



diaspom, +e4tru c/ 1e 1!t! !ce!0t! 5!0! refu)i!7i*r re+rei4t/ t*!te c!0ee 0*ci!e şi t*!te +r*fe0iu4ie, şi e! 0eri0i+eşte +e t*t 34ti40u +/534tuui Nu 5!i e &*r!, c! 34 !te &e!curi, 1e )ru+uri re)i*4!e 1e /e4!ri, fu)i411i4 f!7! u4ei i4&!ii, 0!u 1i4 +rici4! +er0ecu7ii*r 0!u c!t!ci05e*r (0ecet/, 5*i5/ etc.F şi 4u 5!i e &*r! 4ici1e )ru+uri 1e c*40+ir!t*ri 0!u re&*u7i*4!ri trec341 )r!4i7ee c! 0/=şi )/0e!0c/ !1/+*0t 34 7/rie &eci4e 0!u 34Occi1e4t Di4 "#<> 34c*!ce, fu) 1i4 R*5;4i! 5u4cit*ri şi +u)!ri, c! şi +r*fe0*ri u4i&er0it!ri, 5eşteşu)!ri 0!u0tu1e47i i !r &re! 0/ fu)/ u4 4u5/r c3t 5!i 5!re i fu) cu !1e&/r!t 34 u5e! !r)/, +e4tru c/ 0=!u r/0+341it

+34/ 34 Au0tr!i! şi Afric! 1e u1, 34 re+uicie A5ericii !ti4e 0!u t!tee :4ite, c! 0/ 4u 5!i &*ri5 1e 7/rieiere eur*+e4eDi!0+*r! !ce!0t! &! fi *)!t/ 34 c*40eci47e +e4tru &iit*ru cuturii r*5;4eşti M*5e4tu i0t*ric !ctu! c!re +re)/teşte !t3te! 4*i f*r5e 1e u4i&er0!i05, 34ce+341 cu *r)!4i!re! fe1er!ti&/ ! c*4ti4e4te*r şi 0f3rşi41 cui1e!urie ecu5e4icit/7i*r 0+iritu!e 5*5e4tu !ce0t! i0t*ric 34cur!e!/ şi, ce&! 5!i 5ut, 0*icit/ c'i!r *eH+erie47/ şi * 347ee)ere )*!/ ! u5ii şi eHi0te47eiG eH+erie47/ şi 347ee)ere 5!i 0+*r4ic 34f/+tuit/ 34 c!1rudiasporei+ Nu 4u5!i +e4tru c/ 34 7/rie *cu+!te 1e 0*&ietici, fii41 i5+*0ii/ *rice cre!7ie 0+iritu!/ ier/, e0te4e&*ie c! !ce!0t/ cre!7ie 0/ 0e +*!t/ 35+i4i 5/c!r !c** u41e e! 4u e0te i4teri0/ ci şi +e4tru 5*ti&u c/u5e! &iit*!re &! 4!şte +ri4tr=u4 ef*rt 1e ! )/0i eH+re0ii c*4crete, i0t*rice, i1e!uri*r şi eH+erie47e*r u4i&er=0!i0te i, !ş! cu5 0=!u 34t35+!t ucrurie 34c/ 1i4 ti5+u 1i!0+*rei e&reieşti c!re ! 1!t !t3t +e f34tu P!&e,c3t şi cee 5!i fecu41e cure4te 5i0tice iu1!ice !0e5e4e! i1e!uri şi eH+erie47e u4i&er0!i0te 0u4t 5!i uş*r!cce0iie e5i)r!7ii*r 1ec3t c*ecti&it/7i*r 4ec/ti4!te 1i4 0+!7iu *r 4!t!E5i)r!47ii 4u 0u4t ru+7i 1i4 fe4*5e4u r*5;4e0c c*4te5+*r!4 EH+erie47! *r 4u e eHce4tric/, ci re+rei4t/,

1i5+*tri&/, * re&e!7ie '*t/r3t*!re !t3t +e4tru 1e0ti4u 4e!5uui şi cuturii r*5;4eşti, c3t şi +e4tru 1e0ti4uEur*+ei şi ! 0+irituui eur*+e!4 Der/1/ci4!re!, +rie)i!, 340trei4!re!, t*!te !ce0te! 0u4t c*40eci47ee5*5e4tuui i0t*ric c*4te5+*r!4, c!re 0e c!r!cterie!/ .ri4 ci*c4ire! 34tre 1*u/ c*4ce+7ii 1e &i!7/ ! iert/7iişi &!*ri=3c/rii +er0*!4ei u5!4e, +e 1e * +!rte, ! t*t!it!ri05uui şi !*ire! er0*!4ei u5!4e, +e 1e !t/ +!rte Au! c*4ştii47/ 1e 0itu!7i! i0t*=ic/ !ctu!/ şi ! fi )!t! 1e ! +/ti +re7u c!re 0e cere c! 0/ +*7i266

1e&e4i martorul c*4te5+*r!4eit/7ii e0te 1!t*ri! fiec/rui *5 ier Ace0t +re7 0e +/teşte şi 34 7!r/, şi 34 e5i)r!7ieGcu 1e*0eire! c/ cei 1i4 7!r/ +/te0c cu iert!te! şi cu &i!7! *r tr/ire! 34 c*4te5+*r!4eit!te, 34 ti5+ ce 4*i +/ti5 1*!r cu tri0te7e! e5i)r!7ieiPe 1e !t/ +!rte, !0u+r! diasporei !+!0/ * 5i0iu4e 5ut 5!i )re! Di4 034u ei, 1i4 0uferi47ee, 4/1e1ie şire&e!7iie ei 34ce+e 0/ 0e 1e0uşe!0c/ * &iiu4e ecu5e4ic/ ! u5ii şi i0t*riei criit*rii şi c/rtur!rii refu)i!7i, 345/0ur! 34 c!re i!u c*4ştii47/ 1e 5i0iu4e! *r, cuti&/ &!*ri t*t 5!i u4i&er0!i0te şi cree!/ *+ere 34 c!re c*41i7i!u5!4/ 0e re&ee!/ 34 0itu!7ii t*t 5!i !ute4tice 34 !ce!0t/ +er0+ecti&/, ei 3şi recu4*0c 1re+t +recur0*ri !t3t +e

ci*!4ii 34 rit5ic/ şi &!0t/ tr!40'u5!4t/, c3t şi +e !ut*rfi u4i&er0!işti 1i4 tr!1i7i! r*5;4e!0c/ 5*1er4/0Rom=nia, iu4ie=iuie "#>#.

Wht% mijii §*h Un fia%% &iIMt"7 \t C:PRIN:4 5*1 1e ! fi 34 u5e 1e M*4ic! +iri1*4 > N*t/ !0u+r! e1i7iei ""34)ee 5!rtiri*r "6D*u/ tr!1i7ii 0+iritu!e r*5;4eşti "%De0ti4u cuturii r*5;4eşti 28@ra dou$)eci şi cinci 6%Re&*u7i*4!ri cu 4*r5!ti& <$cri0u şi 5i0iu4e! iter!turii <6

:4it!te! 0+iritu!/

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#avigare necesse est 8-De5*cr!7ie şi fe5i4i05 88I0t*ri05 şi i4teri*ri!re 8#Liter!tur! r*5;4e!0c/ 34 eHi #">2 >> >- >8SCA

Cu5 0e f!ce * cutur/ #6I=! 53'c!t c!+u +*itic! "$2Bii*tec! u4ui eHi0te47i!i0t "$-



C*4te5+*r!4ii ui hiere)!!r1 "$8Te5e i4i7i!tice şi te5e iter!re ""2Zeu 0*!r et C*5+ ""8C!t!0tr*f/ şi 5e0i!4i05 = "2$De0curi5ie4t*0 e0+iritu!e0 "2-A0+ecte !e B!r*cuui "6$

34tre T*5i0 şi R!&e44! "62C/1ere! 34 I0t*rie "6>I4feiH cu+! "<%Eur*+! şi C*rti4! 1e fier ">"O+iu5u **ruui "-$>ood Jye, Mister !"ipsG "-6De0ti4u cuturii r*5;4eşti "-<Pe4tru * ii*)r!fie ! +rie)iei "%-A5i4tiri 1e0+re i*&!44i P!+i4i "8$P/0t*ri, '!i1uci, +rie)i "8<D*54i7! Ie!4!F Me1it!7ii !0u+r! Creuui "88A5i4tiri 1e0+re AeH!41ru Bu0ui*ce!4u "#$T/cerie ui Luci!4 B!)! "#>

Inmemoriam "## e*r)e R!c*&e!4uF *5e4i! şi fru5u0e7e! ce!1i4t3i 2$2A &e1e! u5e! c! 34 ci+! 1i4t3i ! Cre!7iei 2$>Viit/ e)e41!r/ 2$8Pr*&i4ci!i05 5it**)ic 2$8De0ti4u ui @!01eu 2"$E5i4e0cu 0!u 1e0+re A0*ut 2">P!+i4i &/ut 1e u4 r*5;4 222L! 5*!rte! ui M!ti! '! 26"A4t*4 şi Li! Zi)5u41=Ceru 26>P*+!0 ! ci4ci0+reece !4i 268Kr!)5e4t +e4tru D!4 B*tt! 2<$L! 5*!rte! ui e*r)e R!c*&e!4u 2<>

Tre+te +e4tru Mirce! Vuc/4e0cu 2>"Pr*fe0*ru N!e I*4e0cu 6$ 1e !4i 1e ! 5*!rte 2>-R*5! 4u &! 5!i fi !cee!şi 2>#

'ddenda5 er)iu A=e*r)e 2-"Tr!1i7ii u4i&er0!i0te 34 cutur! r*5;4e!0c/ 2-2SFB

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