Limbajul C pentru clasa a IX-a

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______________________________________________________CuprinsCap.1 Elemente de baz ale limbajului C.....................................................................................11.1 Structura unui program C _______________________________________________________1 1.2 Vocabularul limbajului___________________________________________________________1 1.3 Tipuri de date__________________________________________________________________1 1.4 Directive preprocesor___________________________________________________________2 1.5 Exerciii i teste gril____________________________________________________________2

Cap.2 Tipuri fundamentale de date ..............................................................................................4 Tip..............................................................................................................................................4 Numr de bii.............................................................................................................................4 Domeniu de valori.....................................................................................................................42.1 Constante_____________________________________________________________________4 Exemple : 123.4 12e6 -111.2 _______________________________________________5 2.2 Variabile______________________________________________________________________5 2.3 Exerciii i teste gril____________________________________________________________5

Cap.3 Funcii de intrare/ieire standard.......................................................................................73.1 Clasificarea funciilor de intrare/ieire______________________________________________7 3.2 Funciile getch i getche_________________________________________________________7 3.3 Funcia putch__________________________________________________________________7 3.4 Macrourile getchar i putchar_____________________________________________________8 3.5 Funciile gets i puts____________________________________________________________9 3.6 Funcia printf__________________________________________________________________9 3.7 Funcia scanf_________________________________________________________________11 3.8 Exerciii i teste gril___________________________________________________________13

Cap.4 Operatorii limbajului C......................................................................................................184.1 Precedena operatorilor_________________________________________________________18 4.2 Operatorul de atribuire simpl___________________________________________________19 4.3 Operatori aritmetici____________________________________________________________19 4.4 Operatorii relaionali___________________________________________________________20 4.5 Operatori logici_______________________________________________________________20 4.6 Operatorii la nivel de bit________________________________________________________21 4.7 Operatori compui de atribuire___________________________________________________22 4.8 Operatorul de conversie explicit (cast)___________________________________________23 4.9 Operatorul sizeof______________________________________________________________23 4.10 Operatorii de adresare_________________________________________________________23 4.11 Operatorul condiional_________________________________________________________23 4.12 Operatorul virgul____________________________________________________________24

Limbajul C pentru clasa a IX-a

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4.13 Exerciii i teste gril__________________________________________________________24

Cap.5 Instruciunile limbajului C...............................................................................................295.1 Instruciunea vid_____________________________________________________________29 5.2 Instruciunea expresie_________________________________________________________29 5.3 Instruciunea compus_________________________________________________________30 5.4 Instruciunea if_______________________________________________________________30 5.5 Funcia standard exit__________________________________________________________32 5.6 Instruciunea while____________________________________________________________33 5.7 Instruciunea for______________________________________________________________34 5.8 Instruciunea do-while_________________________________________________________36 5.9 Instruciunea continue_________________________________________________________38 5.10 Instruciunea break___________________________________________________________39 5.11 Instruciunea switch__________________________________________________________40 5.12 Instruciunea goto____________________________________________________________42 5.13 Funciile standard sscanf i sprintf______________________________________________43 5.14 Header-ul ctype.h____________________________________________________________46

Macro de verificare.................................................................................................................465.15 Funcii matematice uzuale_____________________________________________________46

Valoarea returnat...................................................................................................................475.16 Exerciii i teste gril__________________________________________________________48

Cap.6 Tablouri...............................................................................................................................566.1 Declararea tablourilor__________________________________________________________56

Exemple:..................................................................................................................................566.2 Iniializarea tablourilor_________________________________________________________56 6.3 Prelucrri elementare ale vectorilor______________________________________________57 6.3.1 Citirea elementelor unui vector_________________________________________________57 6.3.2 Determinarea elementului minim/maxim__________________________________________57 6.3.3 Determinarea primului element cu o anumit proprietate____________________________57 6.3.4 Determinarea ultimului element cu o anumit proprietate___________________________58 6.3.5 Eliminarea tuturor elementelor cu o anumit proprietate____________________________58 6.3.6 Eliminarea elementului din poziia k dat (10) ? x=b : x=a;

e) nici una

38. Se consider variabilele ntregi x,y i z, fiind cunoscute valorile x=4 i y=2. Care dintre expresiile de mai jos are valoarea 0 ? a) x+y>x%y+1 b) z=(x-y!=0) c) x-2*y=0 d) !x e) x && y 39. tiind c a, b, c, d, x sunt variabile reale cu a