Tehnologii Mobile - de La Conexiune Fara Fir La Internetul Lucrurilor

8/14/2019 Tehnologii Mobile - de La Conexiune Fara Fir La Internetul Lucrurilor

1/10

TMBLAIAFGG OAJGIM; DM I@ HALMRG]LM EZ EGZ I@GLTMZLMT]I I]HZ]ZGIAZ

Uìmltgl ^mtz} O{zm`l}) dzd,

E`h}it`tm` dm Mhalaogm g @doglgxtz`zm` @e`hmzgiaz]lgumzxgt`tm` @i, G, H}{`G`g) Zaolg`

@jxtz`ht

Tbm gllau`tgal gl GT%H b`x xtgo}i`tmd o`lw hb`lfmx gl tbm j}xglmxx vazid, Gl tbmjmfgllglf ae tbm 2>x tmhblaiafgmx igcm j`z hadm `ld MâX xh`llglf xt`ztmd ` zmuai}tgal gl tbm`hp}gxgtgal ~zahmxx) `ddglf ` ~i}x ae uì}m ta tbm xmzughmx aeemzmd ta higmltx, Tbm glhzm`xglf}xm ae fmafz`~bghì gleazo`tgal xwxtmox jza}fbt xwxtmox tb`t ha}id ìiavmd o`l`fmzx tafmax~`tgìiw `lìw{m tbmgz j}xglmxx `ld tb}x hao~`zm tbmgz `du`lt`fm gl ezalt ae hao~mtgtazx0,

Tbm lmmd ae gleazo`tgal) x~mmd gl `hhmxxglf gt `ld oajgigtw dmtmzoglm `lw j}xglmxx o`l taavl ` xo`zt ~balm az ` ^D@) ~mzo`lmltiw xm`zhbglf eaz VgEg x~atx, Iaacglf gl tbm e}t}zm)iatx ae uaghmx x}ffmxt tb`t zmt`gi "j}t lat mrhi}xgumiw' vgii fa tav`zdx tbm ZEGD "Z`dgaEzmp}mlhw Gdmltgegh`tgal' tmhblaiafgmx `ld tb}x `hp}gzglf ` jgf ~i}x hao~`zmd vgtb tbmhao~mtgtazx vba va}id lat o`cm tbgx xtm~, Oajgim tmhblaiafgmx `zm lat ` tzmldw vgxb`lwoazm j}t `l gld}jgt`jim xgfl ae ` bmìtbw v`w ae tzm`tglf tbm j}xglmxx mlugzalomlt,

Cmwvazdx; oajgim) vgzmimxx) tmhblaiafw) ZEGD

Xh}zt gltzad}hmzm l i}om` vgzmimxx

Emlaoml}i vgzmimxx mxtm ~m hìm dm ` dmhi`l` a `hhmimz`zm ` hzmtmzgg m/j}xglmxx/}i}g dmhi`z` l :>>0 O`zc Jzmfo`l) fmlmzì o`l`fmz i` GJO:,

I` az` `ht}ì) jmlmeghggim i}hz}i}g i` dgxt`l x}lt hi`zm; haxt}zg zmd}xm) htgf dm tgo~)oajgigt`tm, ]l xt}dg} zmìg{`t dm Dmii `z`t h `da~t`zm` tmblaiafggiaz oajgim ~mltz} i}hz}i i`dgxt`l ` `tglx a o`x hzgtgh g h mxtm oaomlt}i h` aòmlgg dm è`hmzg x xm fldm`xh iògfz`zm` htzm tmblaiafg` oajgi) ~mltz} oj}ltgzm` zm{}it`tmiaz o}lhgg `lf`k`giaz, Htmu`dgl daomlggim h`zm jmlmeghg`{ dm ù`lt`k}i `~igh`ggiazoajgim8;

/ dgx~a{gtgumim ~azt`jgim "mr, xgxtmomim dm }zozgzm ` o`glgiaz l h`{}i hao~`lggiaz dmlhbgzgmzm dm o`glg'3

/ o`l`fmomlt}i tz`lx~azt}zgiaz "mr, }tgig{`zm` i`~ta~/}zgiaz~mltz} ` }zozg g `doglgxtz`

ta`tm `x~mhtmim imf`tm dm `htgugtgim {gilghm ìm aemzgiaz x`} ` umbgh}imiaz'3/ F^X g dgx~a{gtgum dm èg`zm ` bzgiaz "mr, dgx~a{gtgumim F^X e}zlg{m`{ gleazo`gg

dmx~zm {al` }ldm xm èi }l `l}ogt ajgmht'3/ xgxtmom dm glumlt`zgmzm g dm memht}`zm ` haoml{gg "mr, tmblaiafggim vgzmimxx

ù`lt`km`{ ~zahmxmim dm glumlt`zgmzm g dm memht}`zm ` haoml{giaz l oad `}tao`t'3/ jlhg g egl`lm "mr, xmzughgg dgx~algjgim ~zgl gltmzomdg}i dgx~a{gtgumiaz vgzmimxx)

tz`lxemz}zg dm eald}zg ~zgl gltmzomdg}i zmmimiaz vgzmimxx'3

0 Kalmx) ^)) Hi`zcm/Bgii) H)) Xbm`zx) ^,) D,) Haoeazt) Bgiigmz) D,Z`dga ezmp}mlhw gdmltgegh`tgal gl tbm ]C;a~~azt}lgtgmx `ld hbìimlfmx) Gltmzl`tgalì Ka}zlì ae Zmt`gi % Dgxtzgj}tgal O`l`fmomlt) O`z :>>4 Uai}om; 8:

Gxx}m; 8) Momzìd Fza}~ ^}jigxbglf Igogtmd) ~,054:Uggtaz}i Dgfgtì) ^H O`f`{glm) lagmojzgm :>>>8 Caz~mz) X,) Miigx) K,) m/Haoomzhm Jaac, J}gidglf tbm m/Mo~gzm) @h`dmogh ^zmxx) :>>0) ~~,::4/::=


2/10

/ }tgigtg "mr, e}zlg{azgg dm tmimug{g}lm ~zgl h`ji} e}zlg{m`{ h} o`g o`zm }}zglxmzughggim ~zgl gltmzomdg}i tmblaiafggiaz vgzmimxx'3

/ go~a{gtmim "mr, xm htgf` tgo~ ~zgl memht}`zm` ~igiaz t`rmiaz g go~a{gtmiaz ~zglgltmzomdg}i halt}zgiaz dm hao}lgh`zm vgzmimxx'3

/ `~igh`ggim ~mltz} ^D@ ! ~ìota~ "mr, dgx~a{gtgumim `} a e}lhgalìgt`tm dgl hm l hm o`g

o`zm) glhi}{ld higmlt m/o`gi) h}t`zm ~m vmj) hao}lgh`gg ltzm j`{m dm d`tm mth,'3/ xgxtmo}i ogigt`z "mr, dgx~a{gtgumim vgzmimxx x}lt ~zm{mltm ~mxtm tat l xgxtmo}i ogigt`z)

dm i` hao}lgh`zm` ltzm omojzgg mhbg~miaz) i` fbgd`zm` xmzughggiaz omdghìm dm ~mtmzml) i` }zozgzm` gltmiaz) i` dgxtzgj}gzm` dm gleazo`gg g o`l`fmomlt}i tz}~miaz',Dgx~a{gtgumim eaiaxgtm l hao}lgh`ggim oajgim; tmimea`lmim oajgim) h`zm eaiaxmxh

tmblaiafgg hm ~mzogtm tzgogtmzm` g zmhm~gal`zm` dm d`tm dm {mhg dm azg o`g z`~gd dmht }loadmo3 ^D@) dgx~a{gtgum hm `} h`~`hgt`tm` dm ` xm halmht` i` gltmzlmt g halgl d gumzxm`~igh`gg3 âhcmt ^H/}zg) i`~ta~/}zg mth, G`z dgltzm tmblaiafggim eaiaxgtm ~mltz} ` halmht`dgx~a{gtgumim vgzmimxx i` gltmzlmt ògltgo; V@^ vgzmimxx `~~igh`tgal ~zatahai "V@^/}izm~zm{glt }l xmt dm ~zatahaìm dm hao}lgh`zm ~zagmht`tm ~mltz} ` ~mzogtm dgx~a{gtgumiazvgzmimxx x hao}lghm ltzm mim g x `hhmxm{m gltmzlmt}i'3 Vmj hig~~glf "~mzogtm mrtz`fmzm` dm

~m gltmzlmt ` gleazo`ggiaz mxmlgìm g iguz`zm` iaz ~m dgx~a{gtgu}i vgzmimxx) migoglld}/xmhalgl}t}i mrhmxgu g fzèghmim h`zm `z lfzm}l` ~zahmx}i dm jzavxglf'3 âhcmt GltmzlmtMr~iazmz "âhcmt Gltmzlmt Mr~iazmz zmeazo`tm`{ ~`fglgim vmj ~mltz} ` ~}tm` eg ug{}ìg{`tm dm~m dgx~a{gtgu}i vgzmimxx3 âhcmt Gltmzlmt Mr~iazmz x}~azt BTOI) ROI) g ìtm xt`ld`zdmeaiaxgtm l dm{uait`zm` xgtm/}zgiaz vmj'3 Ji}mtaatb "mxtm a tmblaiafgm h`zm e}zlg{m`{ ~m adgxt`l ogh) e`hgigt`tm dm hao}lgh`zm h} o`zm ugtm{ dm d`tm g uahm ltzm da} dgx~a{gtgumdgfgtìm'3 Vgzmimxx Gltmzlmt @hhmxx mth,

Tmblaiafggim oajgim g omdggim gltmigfmltm

Dgx~a{gtgumim oajgim ka`h }l zai hmltzì l hao}lgh`ggim dgl i}om` dm `{g, A mrtmlxgm` gltmzlmt}i}g mxtm `xtemi iafgh, Lagim fmlmz`gg dm dgx~a{gtgum vgzmimxx e}zlg{m`{ d`tm ggleazo`gg hm xm fxmxh ~m gltmzlmt) l} da`z l eazo`t}i d`tmiaz) hg g x}j eazo dm o}{gh )hig~}zg ugdma hao}lgh`gg omdg` gltmz`htgum, ]itgogg `lg `} `d}x h} mg a zmuai}gm l o`tmzgm dmhao}lgh`gg vgzmimxx, Gld}xtzg` dm tmimhao}lgh`gg ` e`hgigt`t `hm`xt zmuai}gm dm{uaitldxt`ld`zdm ~mltz} halmrg}lgim vgzmimxx) ~zmh}o 2>:,00) Ji}mtaatb) FXO) [gfjmm mth,)migoglld `xtemi lmuag` }laz xai}gg h`zm x xm ~a`t `~igh` i` lgumi zmfgalì4,

]lmim dgltzm hmim o`g zmo`zh`jgim hzmtmzg `} ù}t iah l dm{uait`zm` zmmimiaz vgzmimxx"VI@Lx') }ldm zmmimim vgzmimxx j`{`tm ~m xt`ld`zd}i GMMM 2>:,00 `} eaxt eaiaxgtm ~mltz} è}zlg{` halmhtgugt`tm l} da`z i` lgumi dm batx~at "~}lht vgzmimxx dm `hhmx i` gltmzlmt') hg i`lgumi dm h`ztgmz x`} az`, l `hmi`g tgo~) x}ltmo o`ztazgg }lmg tmldglm l `~`zgg` }laz

dgx~a{gtgum dm hao}lgh`zm g ~zahmx`zm dm dgomlxg}lg g haxt}zg zmd}xm, l tgo~ hm `hmxtm oghgdgx~a{gtgum) l}ogtm lad}zg dm xml{azg) x}lt halxtzlxm l tmzoml dm mlmzfgm) h`~`hgt`tm dmxtah`zm g h`~`hgtg dm ~zahmx`zm ` d`tmiaz) `} tat}g ~atmlgì}i dm ` xmzug h` g h`tìg{`taz~mltz} a xhbgoj`zm o`kaz l oad}i l h`zm hao}lgho g gltmz`hgalo h} omdg}i,

Omdggim gltmigfmltm zm~zm{glt la}i ~`x l dm{uait`zm` halxtz}hggiaz) }tgigtgiaz)gld}xtzggiaz) h`xmiaz) tz`lx~azt}zgiaz, H` azghm azf`lgxo haltgmlt) omdg}i gltmigfmlt xm j`{m`{

l ~zgo}i zld ~m d`tm xml{azgìm dgl i}om` zmì, Omdggim gltmigfmltm `} lmuagm dm gleazo`ggdmx~zm omdg}i lhalk}ztaz) ~zmh}o g gleazo`gg dgl gltmzgaz,

^zauahzgim l gmz`zbg` dmtmhtzgg ox}zgiaz zmimu`ltm) oalgtazg{zgg g haimhtzgg d`tmiaz)muì}zgg gleazo`ggiaz) ~zm{mltzgg `hmxtaz gleazo`gg htzm }tgig{`taz ltz/a o`lgmz gltmigfgjgi)

4 @~lmxmtb) H,) D{}lf) D,) Ckmxj}) X,) Xhbmgjim) F,) [goomzo`ll) V,) Vgzmimxxgltzad}hglf vgzmimxx ~zargogtwxvgthbmx) Xmlxaz Zmugmv Ka}zlì) K}l :>>8) Uai}om; :8) Gxx}m; :) OHJ ]^ Itd ~,005


3/10

mrmh}tzgg ~zahmx}i}g dmhg{galì g ` e}lhggiaz dm ì`zo`zm) x}lt mlazom, ltz/a i}hz`zm dgl:>>==) h`zm xm ah}~` dm dm{uait`zm` xgxtmomiaz dm `xgxt`zm ` hald}hmzgg `}taumbgh}imiaz) xmmxtgo` h;

/ ~l l :>>6 uaz mrgxt` xml{azg hm uaz `k}xt` ~}tmzm` e`z}zgiaz ezaltìm)/ ~l l :>>7 uaz mrgxt` xml{azg h`~`jgig x dmtmhtm{m ajaxmì` aemz}i}g)

/ ~l l :>00 uaz mrgxt` xml{azg h`zm uaz e`hgigt` hao}lgh`zm` ltzm o`glgim dgltzègh)/ ~l l :>08 uaz mrgxt` xml{azg h`zm uaz `doglgxtz` ugtm{` o`glgg l tzègh)/ ~l l :>0= uaz mrgxt` xml{azg dm `tmlgal`zm ` }lmg ~atmlgìm haim{g}lg ltz/a

gltmzxmhgm) g`z/ ~l l :>:> uaz mrgxt` o`glg `}tao`tg{`tm hao~imt,

Gleazo`ggim lmhmx`zm omdggiaz gltmigfmltm x}lt e}zlg{`tm dm zmmimim dgxtzgj}gtm dmxml{azg vgzmimxx, Xml{azgg x}lt dm dgomlxg}lg zmd}xm g x}lt h`~`jgig ` dmtmht`) ` ~zahmx` d`tmg hao}lgh` ltzm mim ~zgl gltmzomdg}i }l}g h`lì ZE "z`dga ezmp}mlhw', A zmm` dm xml{azg mxtm

~zagmht`t ~mltz} ` dmtmht` mumlgomltm x`} emlaomlm) ` haimht` g ~zahmx` d`tm g ` tz`lxogtmgleazo`ggim dmtmht`tm htzm }tgig{`tazgg gltmzmx`g, H`z`htmzgxtghgim dm j`{ ìm zmmimiaz dm

xml{azg x}lt5; h`~`hgt`tm` dm `}ta azf`lg{`zm) tz`lxogxgm dm hao}lgh`gg ~m dgxt`lm xh}ztm)meazt haa~mz`tgu ` lad}zgiaz dm xml{azg) ta~aiafgm l ezmhumlt xhbgoj`zm) igogtzg l mlmzfgm)

~}tmzm dm tz`lxogxgm) omoazgm g ~}tmzm dm ~zahmx`zm,Uìa`zm` zmmimiaz dm xml{azg vgzmimxx xt l haxt}zgim xh{}tmg l dgxtzgj}g` i` xh`z

i`zf, Zmmimim dm xml{azg vgzmimxx l oad fmlmzì ~zmx}~}l zmmim dm `hbg{ggm ` d`tmiaz gzmmim dm dgxtzgj}gzm ` d`tmiaz) oalgtazg{`tm g haltzai`tm dm }l hmltz} dm o`l`fmomlt6, ^mltz}` `tglfm zmlt`jgigt`tm` l hmm` hm ~zgumtm dgxtzgj}g` i` xh`z i`zf) lmhmx`z ~mltz} ` h}~zgldma ~g` ht o`g i`zf i` }l ~zm ht o`g xh{}t) `l}ogtm h`z`htmzgxtghg ìm zmmimiaz dm xml{azgvgzmimxx tzmj}gm x egm xt`ld`zdg{`tm) l `` emi lht ~zad}xmim dm i` o`g o}ig ~zad}htazg xegm hao~`tgjgim }l}i h} hmiiìt g x ~a`t a~mz` o~zm}l, @hm`xt xglmzfgm u` `d}f`}tgigt`tm x~azgt zmmimiaz dm xml{azg vgzmimxx g `xtemi u` lh}z`k` eaiaxgzm` iaz, Da} `xtemi dmmeazt}zg dm xt`ld`zdg{`zm x}lt2;

/ xt`ld`zd}i GMMM 2>:,0=,4 Iav Z`tm Vgzmimxx ^mzxalì @zm` Lmtvazc "V^@L'3/ xt`ld`zd}i GMMM 04=0,= Vgzmimxx Xo`zt Tz`lxd}hmz Gltmze`hm,

Hmzhmtzgim g gltmzmx}i haomzhgì l o`tmzgm dm zmmim dm xml{azg vgzmimxx hzmxhmr~almlgì dm i` `l i` `l, D`tazgt ~zafzmxmiaz dgl }itgogg `lg dgl daomlgg ~zmh}o mimhtzalghg hao}lgh`ggim vgzmimxx) a `tmlgm x~azgt xm `hazd dm{uaitzgg zmmimiaz ~m j`{ dm xml{azg)zmmim hm xm ~at ajglm i` haxt}zg xh{}tm g h} halx}o zmd}x,

Vgzmimxx Egdmigtw "VgEg'

Dgltzm ta`tm xmzughggim dm hao}lgh`gg dgx~algjgim `xt{g) xmzughggim vgzmimxx `} hmi o`g ~}tmzlgh go~`ht `x}~z` ugmgg la`xtzm ~mzxalìm g ~zaemxgalìm) x~azgld ~zad}htgugt`tm`)oajgigt`tm` g xmh}zgt`tm` ~mzxalì, Go~`ht}i tmimealgmg hmi}i`zm mxtm mugdmlt, lx VgEg"Vgzmimxx Egdmigtw' ~zaogtm }l g o`g ~}tmzlgh go~`ht l uggtaz}i `~za~g`t,

Go`fgl`g/u h i}hz`g h} ~za~zg}i i`~ta~ x`} h u ~}tmg umzgegh` m/o`gi}i dm azg}ldmdgl h`x, Go`fgl`g/u h x}ltmg l xt`zm x u halmht`g i` zmm`}` dm i` jgza} èild} /u ltz/= J}i}x}) L,) Kb`) X,) Vgzmimxx xmlxaz lmtvazcx) @ztmhb Ba}xm) Glh,) Jaxtal) :>>=) ~,8075 B`mlffg) O,) A~~azt}lgtgmx `ld Hbìimlfmx gl Vgzmimxx Xmlxaz Lmtvazcx) l Oabòo`d Giw`x) Go`d O`bfa}j"mdgtazg') B`ldjaac ae Xmlxaz Lmtvazcx; Hao~`ht Vgzmimxx `ld Vgzmd Xmlxglf Xwxtmox) HZH ^zmxx IIH)Eiazgd`) :>>=) ~, ::6 Haac) D,) Xo`zt Mlugzalomlt; Tmhblaiafw) ^zatahaix `ld @~~igh`tgalx) Kabl Vgimw % Xalx) Glh,) Bajacml)

:>>4) ~,042 Hìi`v`w) M,B,) Vgzmimxx Xmlxaz Lmtvazcx; @zhbgtmht}zmx `ld ^zatahaix) @}mzj`hb ^}jigxbmzx) Glh,) Jah`Z`tal) :>>8) ~,:78


4/10

}l `mza~azt x`} ltz/a hèmlm`, Go`fgl`g/u h ~}tmg x dmxhzh`g eggmzm dgumzxm x`}~zm{mltzg dgl zmm`}` haz~az`gmg) h lùgf`g ~m gltmzlmt x`} h tzgogtmg omx`km tg~ GZH htzmhaimfg g h e`hmg ta`tm `hmxtm `htgugtg dgl xì` dm mdglm x`} dgl h`ltgl` hao~`lgmg,@h}o) go`fgl`g/u h zmìg{`g ta`tm `hmxtm` mrtzmo dm }az g ea`ztm z`~gd) ez ` ùm` fzgk`halmhtzgg i` a zmm` h} egz, Hò dmx~zm `xt` m uazj` l VgEg ,,,

VgEg mxtm a tmblaiafgm vgzmimxx `xmolta`zm tmimealgmg oajgim h`zm ~mzogtmhao~}tmzmiaz x tzgogt g x zmhm~galm{m d`tm) azg}ldm x/`z èi` l k}z}i }lmg xt`gg dm j`{, ghmm` hm mxtm hmi o`g go~azt`lt) i` ugtm{m o`zg, Tat}g) halmht`zm` xm ~a`tm da`z d`h ~za~zg}ihao~}tmz mxtm halegf}z`t h} }l VgEg Hmztgegmd Z`dga "}l h`zd ^H x`} }l dgx~a{gtgu xgogi`z',Hmztgegh`zm` VgEg lxmòl h xm u` ~}tm` halmht` azg}ldm mrgxt ìtm ~zad}xm hmztgegh`tm VgEg

`h`x) i` jgza}) `mza~azt}zg) batmi}zg) hèmlmim x`} ìtm iah}zg ~}jighm mhbg~`tm h} `hhmxVgEg7, VgEg a~mzm`{ ~m a ezmhuml` lmighmlg`t g xm j`{m`{ ~m }l xmt dm xt`ld`zdm~zao}if`tm dmGlxtgt}tm ae Mimhtzghì `ld Mimhtzalghx Mlfglmmzx "GMMM'0>, ]l}i dgl xt`ld`zdm)l}ogt 2>:,00j) x~mhgegh hmzglmim ~mltz} halmht`zm` dgx~a{gtgumiaz i` a z`t o`rgo dm 00Oj~x eaiaxgld j`ld` dm ezmhuml dm :)4 FB{) ~m hld xt`ld`zd}i 2>:,00` x~mhgegh hmzglmimhalmhtzgg dgx~a{gtgumiaz i` a z`t o`rgo dm =4 Oj~x eaiaxgld j`ld` dm ezmhuml dm = FB{,

Mrtmlxggim ~za~zgg ìm `hmxtaz xt`ld`zdm ~mzogt ugtm{m dm :: Oj~x) zmx~mhtgu 6: Oj~x,Xmh}zgt`tm` l zmmimim VgEg mxtm x~mhgegh`t dm xt`ld`zd}i GMMM l}ogt Vgzmd Mp}guìmlt^zgu`hw"VM^') h`zm mxtm dgx~algjgi l umzxg}lm dm 54 g 0:2 jgg, O`g o}it hbg`z) ~mltz} h `}mrgxt`t h`{}zg l h`zm dgumzg b`hcmzg `} x~`zt a hbmgm VM^ ~m 0:2 jgg) x /` dm{uait`t }l la}xt`ld`zd) 2>:,00g) h`zm ~mzogtm VM^ x }tgig{m{m }l ìfazgto ù`lx`t dm hzg~t`zm) @du`lhmdMlhzw~tgal @ifazgtbo"@MX', @MX ~a`tm eg go~imomlt`t l umzxg}lg dm 0:2) 07: g :=5 jgg,

^m ox}z hm haxt}zgim mhbg~òmltmiaz vgzmimxx xh`d) zmmimim VgEg dmugl dgl hm l hmo`g eaiaxgtm) l hò~}x}zg xt}dmlmtg) l ~`zh}zg dm è`hmzg) hidgzg dm jgza}zg g hbg`z l h`xm

~`ztgh}i`zm, ^m ilf haxt}zgim xh{}tm ìm mhbg~òmltmiaz) ~a~}i`zgt`tm` l hzmtmzm ` zmmimiazVgEg xm d`tazm`{ g }zota`zmiaz oatgum;

/ `hmxtm zmmim e}lhgalm`{ ea`ztm jglm g xm oj}ltmxh haltgl}}) o`g ìmx l o`tmzgmdm xmh}zgt`tm3

/ halmrg}lgim vgzmimxx x}lt ea`ztm }az dm halegf}z`t3/ eaiaxgzm` zmmimiaz VgEg l} xaighgt h}latglm lag3/ dgl hm l hm o`g o}ig e}zlg{azg dm xmzughgg aemz halmrg}lm VgEg ~zgl bat x~atx

go~imomlt`tm l mza~azt}zg) batmi}zg) hèmlmim,

VgO`r

D`h VgEg mxtm o`g ~atzgugt ~mltz} }tgig{`zm` l gltmzgaz}i hidgzgiaz) VgO`r m~mzemht ~mltz} `~igh`gg i` lgumi omtza~aigt`l) l uzmom hm xai}ggim hmi}i`zm ~`z x egm hmim o`g

`tzfta`zm ~mltz} {almim z}zìm g ~mltz} hmim o`g fzm} `hhmxgjgim

00

, VgO`r mxtm }l `hzalgohm uglm dm i` Vazidvgdm Gltmza~mz`jgigtw eaz Oghzavùm @hhmxx) ùld a `zbgtmht}z xgogi`zh} hm` ` tmimealgmg oajgim) ~zgl e`~t}i h {al` dm i}hz} mxtm o~zgt l hmi}im) VgO`ra~mzld ~m j`{` `jazdzgg IAX "Iglm ae Xgfbt' x`} hbg`z lal IAX0:, VgO`r) h}laxh}t g h`xt`ld`zd}i GMMM 2>:,05m "g xt`ld`zdmim x}jxmhumltm') e}lhgalm`{ l j`ld` dm :> OB{aemzgld a z`t dm tz`lxemz dm 0>> Oj~x08g g `zm ~}lht}i dm azgfglm l ahtaojzgm :>>=) ltz/7Tbm Vg/Eg @iig`lhm) i` btt~;!!vvv,vg/eg,azf0> O}iimz) L,K,) Vg/Eg eaz tbm Mltmz~zgxm) OhFz`v/Bgii ^zaemxxgalì ^}jigxbglf) Ji`hcighc) :>>8) ~,:00 Halxt`ltglmxh}) Z,) Tmimeal}i ez egz* l} o`g m dm o}it da`z }l kah ì ha~gizgmg, l h}zx` vgzmimxx htgf}tgig{`taz}i)l Zmugxt` mEgl`lhm) `~zgigm :>>=0: Kgldì) X,) Kgldì) @,) F}~t`) L,) Fza}~glf VG/O@R) 8F `ld VG/EG eaz vgzmimxx jza`dj`ld) Tbm Egzxt GMMM

`ld GEG^ Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm gl Hmltzì @xg` al Gltmzlmt) :>>=) :5/:7 Xm~t, :>>=) ~,808 Ig`lfxb`l) O,) Dalfw`l) K,) Tbm Hao~mtgtgal `ld Haa~mz`tgal ae VgO@R) VI@L `ld 8F) :>>= :ldGltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm al Oajgim Tmhblaiafw) @~~igh`tgalx `ld Xwxtmox) 0=/06 Lau, :>>=) ~,0
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5/10

}l i`jaz`taz dgl X~`lg`04,, ^g`` VgO`r mxtm }l` h`zm ~zaogtm, D`h l :>>= ~zad}xmimhmztgegh`tm VgO`r zm~zm{mlt`} da`z :>- dgl ~g`0=) xm mxtgom`{ h ~l l :>>7 `hmxt~zahmlt u` `tglfm 7>-05, Imf`t dm ~zaogxg}lm` VgO`r) ~m :8 `}f}xt :>>5 xgtm/}i dm tgzgmo`zcmtmz,hao ~}jigh` }l `ztghai xmol`t Jml O`hcigl h`zm) ~m ilf ìtm `x~mhtm fmlmzìmdmx~zm `hm`xt tmblaiafgm) ~zm{mlt` g ~zmug{g}lgim }laz hao~`lgg zmemzgta`zm i` fz`d}i dm

`ha~mzgzm ` tmblaiafgmg VgO`r ltz/}l uggtaz o`g o}it x`} o`g ~}gl `~za~g`t06

, @xtemi)K}lg~mz Zmxm`zhb ègzo h uaz eg 0)6 ogiga`lm dm `jal`g oajgig VgO`r l :>>6) l}oz h`zmu` hzmtm i` :0)8 ogiga`lm l :>0:,

[gfJmm

I` xezgt}i `l}i}g :>>: a la} tmblaiafgm ~zaogta`zm g ehm` iah ìt}zg dm hmimdmk` h}laxh}tm) Ji}mtaatb g VgEg, Mxtm uazj` dmx~zm [gfJmm) a tmblaiafgm `xmolta`zm h}Ji}mtaatb) d`z o}it o`g xgo~i) h} a z`t dm tz`lxemz o`g ka`x g h`zm g ~mtzmhm o`zmò`kazgt`tm ` tgo~}i}g ltz/a xt`zm dm `g~gzm02, Dmg x}l hg}d`t) `hm`xt h`z`htmzgxtghdmtmzogl e}lhgal`zm` }l}g lad dgltz/a zmm` [gfJmm ~m a d}z`t dm i` 5 i}lg i` }l `l x`}

hbg`z dag) h} }l halx}o dm ,,, da`z da} j`tmzgg @@,Tmblaiafg` [gfJmm ` lhm~}t x egm ~zaoau`t dm htzm hao~`lggim ^bgig~x) Oatazai`)

Balmwvmii) Glumlxwx g Ogtx}jgxbg Mimhtzgh) hao~`lgg h`zm `} leggl`t l ahtaojzgm :>>:[gfJmm @iig`lhm, G`z gxtazg` l}omi}g ` tzmh}t ~zgl dml}ogzm h`; BaomZE Igtm "}l daomlg} ìdme}lht}i}g BaomZE) h`zm ` eaxt lit}z`t dm htzm VgEg') ZE Igtm) Egzmeiw) ZE M`xwIglc g lhmim dgl }zo) l u`z` `l}i}g :>>:) ` dmumlgt [gfJmm, L}omim dm [gfJmm uglm dm i` ~zglhg~g}i[gfJmm) d`lx}i l {gf/{`f ì ìjglmiaz ~zgl h`zm `hmxtm` hao}lgh zmxt}i}g haialgmg dm ìjglmiah}i) dgxt`l` g dgzmhg` x}zxmiaz dm ìgomltm,

ltzmj`zm` h`zm lxamtm `hm`xt la} tmblaiafgm mxtm d`h mxtm x`} l} tmblaiafg`Ji}mtaatb òmlgl`t1 Xt`ld`zd}i [gfJmm ~a tm a~mz` l j`ld` dm :)4 FB{ x`} l jml{gim dm252 OB{ g 70= OB{ GXO07, l tmzoml dm tz`lxemz dm d`tm) [gfJmm xm xgt}m`{ x}j Ji}mtaatb;:=> cj~x l j`ld` dm :)4 FB{ "l hao~`z`gm h} hmg 0Oj~x aemzgg dm Ji}mtaatb' g da`z :> 4> cj~x l jml{gim dm ezmhuml ka`x, Z`{` a~mz`galì mxtm dm 0>/6= o l hao~`z`gm h} hmg0> o aemzgg dm Ji}mtaatb "ez ò~igegh`taz', A ìt go~azt`lt dgemzml ltzm [gfJmm gJi}mtaatb xt l oad}i dm e}lhgal`zm ì ~zatahaìmiaz, [gfJmm eaiaxmtm a halegf}z`gmo`xtmz/xiùm) ~atzgugt ~mltz} zmmim xt`tghm l xtm` eazo`tm dgl dgx~a{gtgum lm}tgig{`tm ezmhumltg h`zm tz`lxogt ~`hbmtm dm d`tm dm dgomlxg}lg zmd}xm, @hmxt i}hz} e`hm h` [gfJmm x egm

~atzgugt ~mltz} `}tao`tg{`zm` hidgzgiaz g haltzai}i g xmh}zgt`tm` xml{azgiaz mth, ^zatahai}iJi}mtaatb mxtm o}it o`g hao~imr dma`zmhm mxtm `d`~t`t `doglgxtzzgg uahgg) go`fglgiaz gtz`lxemz}i}g dm eggmzm l zmmim `d/bah, Dgx~a{gtgumim Ji}mtaatb ~at i}hz` l zmmim ~mmz/ta/~mmzg ~at x~zgkglg zmmim o~ztg`tm "xh`ttmzlmtx' eazo`tm dgl o}itm zmmim dm dgomlxg}lg zmd}xm)

lmxglhzalg{`tm "~ghalmtx', Tat}g) ~zatahai}i ~mzogtm ~l i` da`z 2 lad}zg dm tg~ xiùm ltz/a`xtemi dm halegf}z`gm o`xtmz/xiùm ` zmmimg "~ghalmt', [gfJmm ~mzogtm ~l i` :=4 lad}zg,I`tml` xh{}t mxtm a ìt h`z`htmzgxtgh go~azt`lt ` tmblaiafgmg [gfJmm, @t}lhg hld

}l dgx~a{gtgu [gfJmm mxtm a~zgt "ta`tm hgzh}gtmim x}lt lhbgxm o`g ~}gl }l ~zahmxaz hm z}im`{i` a ezmhuml dm 8: cB{) xm ~a`tm tzm{gg ~a`tm tzgogtm ~`hbmtm l zmm` l `~zargo`tgu 0=ogigxmh}ldm, ]l dgx~a{gtgu Ji}mtaatb èi`t ltzm/a xt`zm xgogi`z u` lmhmxgt` `~zargo`tgu 8

04 Haltg) K,^,) Tbm ialf za`d ta VgO@R / vgzmimxx O@L xt`ld`zd) GMM Zmugmv) Uai}om =0) Gxx}m 0>) Aht, :>>=)~,820=Vgzmimxx Gltmzlmtvazid daogl`tgal ~axt~almd) Tbm Mhalaogxt) k`l}`zw :7tb/emjz}`zw 4tb) :>>=) ~,=205 Jmbo`ll) E,)Go~`ht ae Vgzmimxx "Vg/Eg) VgO@R' al 8F `ld Lmrt Fmlmz`tgal@l Glgtgì @xxmxxomlt) :>>=GMMM Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm al Mimhtza Gleazo`tgal Tmhblaiafw) ::/:= O`w :>>=) ~, 406

O`hcigl) J,) X~zglt ta Zaii A}t VgO@R) btt~;!!vvv,mo`zcmtmz,hao!@ztghim,`x~r10>>4000) 0 xm~t, :>>502 Mu`lx/^}fbm) H,)J{{{{ {{{ / [gfJmm vgzmimxx xt`ld`zd) GMM Zmugmv) Uai}om 47) Gxx}m 8) O`zhb :>>8) ~,:207 Glggìmim ~zaugl dm i` Gld}xtzgì) tgglgegh) Omdghì
http://www.emarketer.com/Article.aspx?1004111http://www.emarketer.com/Article.aspx?1004111


6/10

xmh}ldm ~mltz} ` xm dmxhbgdm g zx~}ldm, @hm`xt i`tml aemz ù`lt`k}i halx}o}i}g zmd}x dmh}zmlt g mxtm mrtzmo dm go~azt`lt ~mltz} omx`kmim hm dm~gld dm tgo~, G`z xml{azgg dgl dgumzxmgld}xtzgg `} lmuagm dm omx`km ~mltz} ` zm`hgal` ltz/}l tgo~ hìh}i`t l ogigxmh}ldm,

@ig`l` [gfJmm gdmltgegh `xm {alm dm `~igh`jgigt`tm ` tmblaiafgmg [gfJmm:>; `~`z`tmmimhtzalghm) hìh}i`ta`zm ~mzxalìm g ~mzgemzghm) haltzai}i {almiaz zm{gdmlgìm) haltzai}i

mhbg~òmltmiaz l gld}xtzgm) `}tao`tg{`zm` hidgzgiaz g `xgf}z`zm` xltgg ~mzxalìm, @ig`}tazg aemz a ìt fz}~`zm ` omdggiaz dm `~igh`jgigt`tm ` tmblaiafgmg [gfJmm:0; {al gld}xtzgìg haomzhgì "xml{azg) oalgtazg{`zm` mzazgiaz) xgf}z`l` o}lhgg') `xgf}z`zm` xltgg

~mzxalìm "oalgtazg{`zm` ~`hgmlgiaz) dg`flaxtgh`zm i` dgxt`l') `}tao`tg{`zm` hidgzgiaz"xmh}zgt`tm) oalgtazg{`zm` xgxtmo}i}g dm lhi{gzm) umltgi`gm g dm `mz haldggal`t) xgxtmom dm

~zmumlgzm ` glhmldggiaz') dm~a{gt`zm d`tm "lzmfgxtz`zm d`tm) haltzai}i ! }zozgzm` xtah}zgiaz',Xm mxtgom`{ h l hgu` `lg "4/=' uaz mrgxt` dm i` => i` 0=> dm dgx~a{gtgum dat`tm h}

`xtemi dm tmblaiafgm l egmh`zm h`x::, Xm uazjm` hbg`z dm liah}gzm` ~azt}zgiaz ]XJ `hìh}i`ta`zmiaz h} tmblaiafgm [gfJmm, @hmxt i}hz} lx mxtm fzm} dm hzm{}t `tt tgo~ httmblaiafg` Ji}mtaatb i` lgumi}i hìh}i`ta`zmiaz ~mzxalìm lh g e`hm ~m dm~igl tzm`j`,

O}itm ìtm tmblaiafgg vgzmimxx x}lt dgx~algjgim "um{g Oajgim/Eg x`} ]itz`vgdmj`ld/

]VJ:8) Glez`zmd) Baom Z`dga Ezmp}mlhw) tz`lxogxggim i`xmz mth,',l eglì) ~zm{mlto a `lìg{ hao~`z`tgu ` zmmimiaz vgzmimxx dgx~algjgim;

Egf, 0 @lìg{ hao~`z`tgu ` zmmimiaz vgzmimxx dgx~algjgimX}zx`; Ea}ztw) L,) Uì) T,) Ez`gxxm) ^,) Omzhgmz) K,/K,) Hao~`z`tgum `lìwxgx ae lmv bgfb d`t` z`tm vgzmimxxhaoo}lgh`tgal tmhblaiafgmx *Ezao Vg/Eg ta VgO@R*) Kaglt Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm al @}talaogh `ld@}talaoa}x Xwxtmox `ld Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm al Lmtvazcglf `ld Xmzughmx) :8/:2 Aht, :>>=) ~,55

ZEGD x`} tbm gltmzlmt ae tbglfx

lh dgl :>>8 xm mxtgo` h tmblaiafg` ZEGD u` zm~zm{mlt` l `l}i :>>4 g `l}i :>>=}l` dgl tmblaiafggim dm ta~ 0>, Xha~}i tmblaiafgmg ZEGD mxtm `hmi` dm ` hzm` }l omdg} l h`zm

azghm ajgmht ~a`tm eg l oad `}tao`t zmh}laxh}t) gdmltgegh`t) }zozgt) ~imhld dgl ~}lht}i dm~zad}hgm) tzmhld ~zgl tz`lx~aztg dm~a{gt`zm g `k}lfld l omdg}i ul{zgg h} òl}lt}i,Tmblaiafg` ZEGD) h`zm `zm h`~`hgt`tm` dm ` gdmltgegh` l oad }lgh egmh`zm ~zad}x g `/i }zozg

~m ox}z hm xm dm~i`xm`{ dm/` i}lf}i i`l}i}g uìazgh) aemz ~mltz} ~zgo` d`t }l oad }lghdm ` ug{}ìg{` l tgo~ zmì j}l}zgim g xtah}zgim dgl hao~`lgm, @hmxt `x~mht ~a`tm d}hm i`xhbgojzg go~azt`ltm l dgumzxm gld}xtzgg) ~zmh}o hm` dm ~zad}hgm) dm tz`lx~azt) ul{zg h}

:> Mf`l) D,) Tbm momzfmlhm ae [gfJmm gl j}gidglf `}tao`tgal `ld gld}xtzgì haltzai) Hao~}tglf % HaltzaiMlfglmmzglf Ka}zlì) Uai}om 05) Gxx}m :) @~zgi/O`w :>>=) ~,04:0 Xtzmmtal) O,) Xt`legmid) H,)[gfJmm; tbm tmimomtzw xai}tgal1) Tbm GMM Xmogl`z al Tmimomtzw `ld Tmimo`tghx):>>=) 00 @~zgi :>>=) ~,0::

Gdmo 0=) ~,80:8 Emzza) M,) âtaztg) E,)Ji}mtaatb `ld Vg/Eg vgzmimxx ~zatahaix; ` x}zumw `ld ` hao~`zgxal ) GMMM VgzmimxxHaoo}lgh`tgalx Ka}zlì) Uai}om 0:) Gxx}m 0) Emj, :>>=) ~,08


7/10

òl}lt}i) xmzughgg dm xlt`tm) gld}xtzg` e`zo`hm}tgh mth, Xm x}fmz` hbg`z h) ZEGD `k}t iòj}ltgzm` kah}i}g h}zmlt~zgl zmd}hmzm` haxt}zgiaz g hzmtmzm` ul{zgiaz g dm `xmomlm`)

e`hgigtm`{ lag kah}zg) ~zmh}o ~mzxalìg{`zm` ~zad}xmiaz x`} mrtgldmzm` ug{gjgigtgg:4, X}ltmodgl hm l hm o`g `~za`~m dm {g}` l h`zm azghm ~zad}x u` ùm` glhaz~az`t }l hg~, ZEGD mxtm l

~zm{mlt }l` dgltzm hmim o`g ~}tmzlghm eazm h`zm lm `~za~gm dgl hm l hm o`g o}it dm `hm` {g,

Tmblaiafg` ZEGD eaiaxmtm tzmg hao~almltm ~zglhg~ìm:=

;/ }l oghzahg~ h} `ltml z`dga / l}ogt g mtghbmt) t`f ZEGD "dm gdmltgegh`zm) h}e}lhgalìgt`tm zgdgh`t) xmog~`xgum) htgum3

/ }l dgx~a{gtgu hm tz`lxogtm g zmhm~galm`{ xmolìm dm i` `hmxtm t`f/}zg ZEGD / l}ogtmhgtgta`zm dm t`f/}zg ZEGD "hgtgta`zmim xm hao~azt h` f`tmv`w/}zg htzm ìtm xgxtmomgleazo`galìm'3

/ omdg}i b`zdv`zm g xaetv`zm h`zm ~mzogtm h` gleazo`gg }tgim x ~a`t eg dmzgu`tm dglgltmz`hg}lm` dgltzm t`f/}zg g hgtgta`zm,Tmblaiafggim ZEGD x}lt eaiaxgtm dm a fò i`zf dm `~igh`gg "mr, }zozgzm` ~zad}xmiaz

e`zo`hm}tghm) xmh}zgt`tm` ~za~zgmtgg) go~i`lt}zg ~mltz} gdmltgegh`zm g }zozgzm i` `lgoìmimdm h`x) i` ~mzxa`lm omojzm ìm }laz hi}j}zg mth, ~``~a`ztm jgaomtghm hm halgl gleazo`gg

hadgegh`tm l t`f/}zg ZEGD) dgumzxm xgxtmom mimhtzalghm dm ~i`t l ~`zh}zg `}ta) l {alm dm`fzmomlt mth, l è`z dm glxtz}omltmim dm haimht`zm) ~zaj`jgi h hmim o`g hao}lm `~igh`gg dgl

~zm{mlt x}lt hmim dgl o`l`fmomlt}i i`l}i}g dm `~zaug{gal`zm oalgtazg{`zm` ~zad}xmiaz ~mox}z hm `hmxtm` x}lt tz`lx~azt`tm ~zgl dm~a{gt) ~zgl ltzm`f` e`jzgh) ltzm hml tzm dmdgxtzgj}gm g l ta`t i}om`, @hmxtm mxtm g xha~}i ~mltz} h`zm hao~`lgg ~zmh}o Vì /O`zt)T`zfmt x`} hbg`z Dm~`ztòmlt}i dm @~z`zm ì ]X@ `} hmz}t ~za~zggiaz e}zlg{azg eaiaxgzm` dmtmblaiafgg ZEGD,

@it}zg dm xgxtmomim dm o`l`fmomlt ` i`l}i}g dm `~zaug{gal`zm xt`} xgxtmomim dmglumlt`zgmzm, Daogl`l` `hmxtaz da} daomlgg uglm dgl dazgl` dm ` fxg ogkia`hm dm hzmtmzm `meghgmlmg ltz/a i}om ` è`hmzgiaz l h`zm }l uai}o gomlx dm o`tmzgìm g ~zad}xm x}lttz`lx~azt`tm dm i` }l hai ì i}ogg i` ìt}i, Tmblaiafggim ZEGD ~zaogt }l ~i}x dm uìa`zm ldgemzgtm iah}zg ìm i`l}i}g dm `~zaug{gal`zm, I` lgumi}i hmi o`g lìt) `hmxtm tmblaiafgg ~at`xgxt` }zozgzm` ei}r}i}g ~zad}xmiaz) tz`lxogld hmzmzg htzm e}zlg{azg) o}it o`g z`~gd dmhtazghm ìt omtad) `xgf}zld `xtemi a `l}ogt dgomlxg}lm ` xtah}i}g, O}it o`g x~mhgegh)xgxtmomim ZEGD g gleazo`ggim ~m h`zm im fmlmzm`{ ~at haltzgj}g i` oj}ltgzm` xtz}ht}zzggdm~a{gtmiaz) i` a o`g j}l iahìg{`zm ` j}l}zgiaz) i` a fz}~`zm o}it o`g a~tgo ~m ia t}zg dm

~zad}hgm g dgxtzgj}gm mth, l fmlmzì) xgxtmomim ZEGD `} ~atmlgì}i dm ` e}zlg{` a o`zmh`ltgt`tm dm gleazo`gg dmx~zm ~zahmxmim dm è`hmzm) d`z mxtm l x`zhgl` hao~`lggiaz xazt`zm``hmxtaz` l `` emi lht x dmugl }tgim,

Hmzhmttazgg dgl `hmxt daomlg} `} `k}lx lx i` halhi}{g` h ~atmlgì}i `hmxtmgtmblaiafgg dm~mtm h} o}it eaiaxgzm` l o`l`fmomlt}i zmmimiaz dm `~zaug{gal`zm, X /` omzx

~l `haia lht tmblaiafggim ZEGD x}lt u{}tm h` a hìm dm ` gltmzhalmht` omdg}i eg{gh h} hmigleazo`galì i` dgemzgtm lgumim haltmrt}ìm, ltz/}l mr~mzgomlt hm ` ù}t iah ltz/}l o}{m}dgl X`l Ez`lhgxha) ug{gt`tazgiaz im mz`} aemzgtm hgtgta`zm ZEGD) hgtgta`zm h`zm mz`} halmht`tm gi` }l x~`g} vmj:5, ^m ox}z hm ug{gt`tazgg xm ~igoj`} ~zgltzm dgumzxm mr~al`tm) ~}tm`} eaiaxghgtgta`zmim ZEGD ~mltz} ` gltmzaf` t`f/}zg dgx~}xm i` egmh`zm dgltzm `hmxtm mr~al`tm g `xtemi xajgl gleazo`gg x}~igomlt`zm, D}~ hm ug{gt` i}` xezgt) x~`g}i vmj xm `ht}ìg{` h}gleazo`gg dmx~zm mr~al`tmim hm `} eaxt ug{gt`tm) j` hbg`z o`g o}it) xm aemzm`} dgumzxm iglc/}zg

:4 I`g) E,) B}thbglxal) K,) [b`lf) F,)Z`dga ezmp}mlhw gdmltgegh`tgal "ZEGD' gl Hbgl`; a~~azt}lgtgmx `ldhbìimlfmx) Gltmzl`tgalì Ka}zlì ae Zmt`gi % Dgxtzgj}tgal O`l`fmomlt) Wm`z; :>>= Uai}om; 88 Gxx}m; 0:)Momzìd Fza}~ ^}jigxbglf Igogtmd) ~,7>=:=

Haoogttmm al Z`dga Ezmp}mlhw Gdmltgegh`tgal Tmhblaiafgmx "HJ', Z`dga Ezmp}mlhw Gdmltgegh`tgalTmhblaiafgmx; @ Vazcxba~ X}oo`zw) L`tgalì @h`dmogmx ^zmxx) V`xbglftal) :>>4) ~,8:5 Mxtm uazj` dmx~zm gZm`dmz dm{uait`t dm Gltmi, "um{g vvv,lmvxhgmltgxt,hao!`ztghim,lx1gd?dl4622'
http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4788http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4788


8/10

htzm ìtm o`tmzgìm md}h`galìm ~m tmo` zmx~mhtgu) x~`g} vmj hm ~}tm` eg `hhmx`tm dm `h`x,Xgxtmom xgogi`zm `} eaxt hzm`tm g ~mltz} `xgxt`zm` ~mzxa`lmiaz dm uzxt` ` tzmg`, H} ah`{g` }l}gvazcxba~ dmdgh`t tmblaiafggiaz ZEGD:6 x/` lhmzh`t mr~mzgomlt`zm` `hmxt}g z`~azt ltz/}lo`f`{gl dm ojzhogltm, Egmhz}g ~zad}x g x/` `t``t }l t`f ZEGD hm halglm` gleazo`ggdgumzxm dmx~zm ~zad}x "mr, o`tmzgì) d`t` zmìg{zgg) d`t` gltzzgg l o`f`{gl mth,') gleazo`gg ~m

h`zm ~mzxa`l` dgl ul{zg ~}tm` x im halx}itm `t}lhg hld ~zm{mlt` ~zad}x}i }l}g ~atmlgìh}o~ztaz, ^zmzgim hmiaz h`zm xm ah}~`} h} `hmxt xgxtmo `} eaxt o~zgtm; ~m dm/a ~`ztmmrgxt` x`tgxe`hg` dm ` ùm` `hhmx z`~gd i` a h`ltgt`tm o`zm dm gleazo`gg dmx~zm ~zad}x) ~m dmìt ~`ztm mrgxt` lmo}i}ogzm` z}~mzgg halt`ht}i}g dgzmht h} higmlt}i ~m tgo~}i halx}itzggxgxtmo}i}g gleazo`galì, ^zajimom o`kazm `} eaxt halxgdmz`tm ig~x` }lmg glez`xtz}ht}zggleazo`galìm `dmhu`tm i` lgumi}i hao~`lgmg) l ox}z ` ~zmi}hz` d`tm ~zaumlgtm dm i` t`f/}zgim ZEGD "dm mrmo~i}) h`zm ~zad}xm `} eaxt xh`l`tm o`g dmx g dm `ghg) gltmzmx}i hzmxh}t e`dm `hmi tg~ dm ~zad}x' g ~mzghai}i x}~z`lhzhzgg t`f/}zgiaz h} gleazo`gg lmzmimu`ltm x`} hbg`zgl}tgim g~ightgxgzm``tt ` ~mzxalì}i}g dgl dm~`ztòmlt}i dm ul{zg) ht g ` higmlt}i}g,

Tzmj}gm dmhg lmimx h a o`zm h`ltgt`tm dm gleazo`gg) egm i` lgumi}i halx}o`taz}i}geglì) egm i` lgumi}i hald}hmzgg hao~`lgmg) l} u` dmtmzogl` `}tao`t oj}ltgzm` è hmzgg,

Azf`lg{`ggim tzmj}gm x tgm hm uaz x oxa`zm g dm hm, @xtemi h) }l` dgltzm hmim o`g o`zg ~zauahzg halxt l dmtmzogl`zm` oad}i}g dm haimht`zm ` gleazo`ggiaz ~atzgugtm g h}o xe}zlg{m{g `hmxtm gleazo`gg i` oaomlt}i a~azt}l l umdmzm` x~zgkglgzgg dmhg{ggiaz dm è`hmzm,^mltz} ` zmìg{` `hmxt i}hz}) gleazo`ggim tzmj}gm x egm haimht`tm hazmx~}l{taz) xtah`tmhazmx~}l{taz g ~zm{mlt`tm hazmx~}l{taz htzm }tgig{`taz}i eglì "`hmxt eggld egm o`l`fmz}i) egmhigmlt}i', Haimht`zm` dm d`tm da`z dm dz`f}i dm ` haimht` d`tm mxtm ea`ztm ~axgjgi x l} egmeaiaxgtaz g dm ea`ztm o}itm azg ~a`tm hbg`z d}l`,

G`z }l` dgl xai}ggim `hmxtmg x}~z`lhzhzg h} gleazo`gg xm ~`zm h mxtm ~zahmx}i dmd`t` oglglf, Mxtm }l ìt x}jgmht) d`z ògltgo tat}g h d`t` oglglf mxtm ~zahmx}i dm mrtz`fmzm` gleazo`ggiaz uìgdm) }tgim) hi`zm) lmh}laxh}tm l gltm dgl d`tm g eaiaxgzm` iaz l i}`zm`dmhg{ggiaz dm è`hmzm, Glxtz}omltmim dm d`t` oglglf mrtz`f l oad `}tao`t gleazo`gg `xh}lxm)~zmug{gjgim dgl j`{mim dm d`tm, Dm `xmomlm`) h`}t tg~`zm l o`zgim j`{m dm d`tm tz`l{`hgalìm,

Halhi}{gg

Ez ldagì jgza}i uggtaz}i}g u` eg }l}i oajgi, Tmblaiafg` vgzmimxx ` tz`lxeazo`tè`hmzm` mimhtzalgh l è`hmzm oajgi) o/j}xglmxx, @hm`xt tmblaiafgm ~mzogtm halmht`zm` i`gltmzlmt l azghm oaomlt) dgl `~za`~m azghm {al, Tmblaiafg` vgzmimxx ~a`tm eg `~igh`t ~mltz}` dmz}i` tz`l{`hgg al/iglm) ~mltz} ` e`hm `hbg{ggg l xgxtmo al/iglm) ` haomzhgìg{` ~zad}xm x`}` tzgogtm m/o`gi}zg, @lf`k`gg oajgig uaz dmumlg o`g meghgmlg d`h/g uaz ~mtzmhm o`g ~}gltgo~ gltmz`hgalld h} jgza}i ~zglhg~ì) a j}l ~`ztm dgl `htgugtgim dm hao}lgh`zm zmìg{ld}/

xm `}tao`t dmumlgld `xtemi o`g meghgmlg,@xgxto i` }l oaomlt ea`ztm dglògh l hghi}i dm ug` ì tmblaiafggiaz oajgim, l:>>: zmugxt` Eazjmx ~}jigh` }l `ztghai l h`zm xgxtmo}i ZEGD mz` dml}ogt gltmzlmt}ii}hz}zgiaz:2) a dml}ogzm x}j h`zm xm `xh}ldm` e`~t}i h `hmxtm tmblaiafgg ~mzogt ~z`htghhìh}i`ta`zmiaz x gdmltgeghm azghm ajgmht) èi`t l azghm hai ì fiaj}i}g) `~za`~m gl xt`lt, A`xtemi dm ug{g}lm ~zaogtm zmìg{zg mrtzàzdgl`zm l daomlgg ~zmh}o o`l`fmomlt}i xtah}zgiaz)l tz`lx~azt}zg) l x~gtìm) md}h`gm x`} oalgtazg{`zm` xmh}zgtgg, D`z `hmxtm ~zaogxg}lg ugllxagtm dm a xmzgm dm òmlglzg fmlmz`tm dm eaiaxgzm` lm`dmhu`t ` `hmxtaz tmblaiafgg,

:6

Gdmo :4) ~,02:2 Xhbamljmzfmz) H,Z,) Tbm Gltmzlmt ae Tbglfx) vvv,eazjmx,hao!fiajì!:>>:!>802!>7:,btoi) o`ztgm :>>:)`hhmx`t l >=,>:,:>>6
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9/10

l g`l}`zgm :>>8 Dmhi`l OhH}ii`fb ~}jigh` ~m xgtm/}i Lmvx,Hao }l `ztghai ~m `hm`xttmo gltgt}i`tZEGD t`fx; Jgf Jzatbmz gl xoìi ~`hc`fmx:7, X}jgmht}i `ztghai}i}g ~}tm` eg mrtz`xlh dgl bm`diglm; Ha}id vm jm halxt`ltiw tz`hcmd tbza}fb a}z hiatbmx) xbamx az muml a}z h`xbgl tbm e}t}zm1 G`z l lagmojzgm :>>8 `~zm` ZEGD âxgtgal Xt`tmomlt ae Halx}omz ^zgu`hw`ld Hgugi Igjmztgmx Azf`lg{`tgalx8>) dah}omlt hm ~zm{mlt` hglhg òmlglzg ~atmlgìm i`

`dzmx` igjmztgiaz hgugim g i` dzm~t}i i` gltgogt`tm ` ~mzxa`lmg fmlmz`tm dm dm{uait`zm` i` xh`zi`zf ` tmblaiafggiaz ZEGD; t`f/}zg ZEGD go~imomlt`tm l iah}zg xmhzmtm) gdmltgegh`tazg }lghg ~mltz} ta`tm ajgmhtmim) `fzmf`zm` o`xgu ` d`tmiaz) hgtgtazg ZEGD `xh}lg }zozgzm` ghalt}z`zm` ~zaegi}i}g ~mzxa`lmiaz, Azghm ~`zm ` eg ~axgjgi, Haxt}zgim g h`~`hgtgim dgemzgtmiaztmblaiafgg dm gdmltgegh`zm had}zg dm j`zm ~zmh}o g ZEGD haltgl} x xm oj}ltm`xh,^zahmx}i dm xt`ld`zdg{`zm lx) l hg}d` `hmxtmg dm{uaitzg z`~gdm) mxtm lh glhao~imt, Dgl`hmxtm oatgu mxtm lh lmhi`z hm tmblaiafgm u` ~zmdaogl`,

Tmblaiafggim oajgim `} dmxhbgx }l h`~gtai la} l gxtazg` GT%H) h`~gtai i` h`zm lh xmo`g xhzgm, Mxtm fzm} dm `ltghg~`t hi`z hm u` eg ht tgo~ {gilgh }l la} `l}l zmuai}galm`{; ~m:8,0>,:>>6 lmvx,hao `l}l` h GJO g Omdg`Tmc i}hzm`{ i` a tmblaiafgm vgzmimxx h`zm u``xgf}z` a ugtm{ dm tz`lxemz ` d`tmiaz dm ~l i` 0>> dm azg o`g z`~gd dmht tmblaiafg`

h}zmlt) VgEg80,,,

Jgjigafzègm

0, @~axtai) D,)GJO ~zmf`tmxtm a tmblaiafgm vgzmimxx dm 0>> dm azg o`g z`~gd dmht VgEg) i`btt~;!!vvv,vìi/xtzmmt,za) `hhmx`t l :8,0>,:>>6

:, @~lmxmtb) H,) D{}lf) D,) Ckmxj}) X,) Xhbmgjim) F,) [goomzo`ll) V,) Vgzmimxxgltzad}hglf vgzmimxx ~zargogtw xvgthbmx) Xmlxaz Zmugmv Ka}zlì) K}l :>>8) Uai}om; :8)Gxx}m; :) OHJ ]^ Itd ~,005

8, Jmbo`ll) E,)Go~`ht ae Vgzmimxx "Vg/Eg) VgO@R' al 8F `ld Lmrt Fmlmz`tgal@lGlgtgì @xxmxxomlt) :>>= GMMM Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm al Mimhtza Gleazo`tgalTmhblaiafw) ::/:= O`w :>>=) ~, 4

4, J}i}x}) L,) Kb`) X,) Vgzmimxx xmlxaz lmtvazcx) @ztmhb Ba}xm) Glh,) Jaxtal) :>>=) ~,807=, Hìi`v`w) M,B,) Vgzmimxx Xmlxaz Lmtvazcx; @zhbgtmht}zmx `ld ^zatahaix) @}mzj`hb

^}jigxbmzx) Glh,) Jah` Z`tal) :>>8) ~,:785, Halxt`ltglmxh}) Z,) Tmimeal}i ez egz* l} o`g m dm o}it da`z }l kah ì ha~gizgmg,l

h}zx` vgzmimxx htgf }tgig{`taz}i)l Zmugxt` mEgl`lhm) ~zgigm :>>=6, Haltg) K,^,) Tbm ialf za`d ta VgO@R / vgzmimxx O@L xt`ld`zd) GMM Zmugmv) Uai}om =0)

Gxx}m 0>) Aht, :>>=) ~,822, Haac) D,) Xo`zt Mlugzalomlt; Tmhblaiafw) zatahaix ld @~~igh`tgalx) Kabl Vgimw %

Xalx) Glh,) Bajacml) :>>4) ~,047, Mf`l) D,) Tbm momzfmlhm ae [gfJmm gl j}gidglf `}tao`tgal `ld gld}xtzgì haltzai )Hao~}tglf % Haltzai Mlfglmmzglf Ka}zlì) Uai}om 05) Gxx}m :) @~zgi/O`w :>>=) ~,04

0>,Mu`lx/^}fbm) H,)J{{{{ {{{ / [gfJmm vgzmimxx xt`ld`zd) GMM Zmugmv) Uai}om 47) Gxx}m 8)O`zhb :>>8) ~,:2

00,Emzza) M,) âtaztg) E,)Ji}mtaatb `ld Vg/Eg vgzmimxx ~zatahaix; ` x}zumw `ld ` hao~`zgxal)GMMM Vgzmimxx Haoo}lgh`tgalx Ka}zlì) Uai}om 0:) Gxx}m 0) Emj, :>>=) ~,08

:7 OhH}ii`fb) D,)ZEGD t`fx; Jgf Jzatbmz gl xoìi ~`hc`fmx) 08 g`l}`zgm :>>8) vvv,lmvx,hao,hao) `hhmx`t l>5,>:,:>>68>ZEGD âxgtgal Xt`tmomlt ae Halx}omz ^zgu`hw `ld Hgugi Igjmztgmx Azf`lg{`tgalx ) :> lagmojzgm :>>8)

vvv,~zgu`hwzgfbtx,azf!`z!ZEGD~axgtgal,bto) `hhmx`t l >5,>:,:>>680 @~axtai) D,)GJO ~zmf`tmxtm a tmblaiafgm vgzmimxx dm 0>> dm azg o`g z`~gd dmht VgEg) i` btt~;!!vvv,vìi/xtzmmt,za) `hhmx`t l :8,0>,:>>6
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10/10

0:,Ea}ztw) L,) Uì) T,) Ez`gxxm) ^,) Omzhgmz) K,/K,) Hao~`z`tgum `lìwxgx ae lmv bgfb d`t` z`tmvgzmimxx haoo}lgh`tgal tmhblaiafgmx *Ezao Vg/Eg ta VgO@R*) Kaglt Gltmzl`tgalìHalemzmlhm al @}talaogh `ld @}talaoa}x Xwxtmox `ld Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm alLmtvazcglf `ld Xmzughmx) :>>=, GH@X/GHLX :>>=) :8/:2 Aht, :>>=) ~,55

08,B`mlffg) O,) A~~azt}lgtgmx `ld Hbìimlfmx gl Vgzmimxx Xmlxaz Lmtvazcx) l Oabòo`d

Giw`x) Go`d O`bfa}j "mdgtazg') B`ldjaac ae Xmlxaz Lmtvazcx; Hao~`ht Vgzmimxx `ldVgzmd Xmlxglf Xwxtmox) HZH ^zmxx IIH) Eiazgd`) :>>=) ~, ::04,Kgldì) X,) Kgldì) @,) F}~t`) L,) Fza}~glf VG/O@R) 8F `ld VG/EG eaz vgzmimxx

jza`dj`ld) Tbm Egzxt GMMM `ld GEG^ Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm gl Hmltzì @xg` al Gltmzlmt):>>=) :5/:7 Xm~t, :>>=) ~,8

0=,Kalmx) ^)) Hi`zcm/Bgii) H)) Xbm`zx) ^,) D,) Haoeazt) Bgiigmz) D,Z`dga ezmp}mlhwgdmltgegh`tgal gl tbm ]C; a~~azt}lgtgmx `ld hbìimlfmx) Gltmzl`tgalì Ka}zlì ae Zmt`gi %Dgxtzgj}tgal O`l`fmomlt) O`z :>>4 Uai}om; 8: Gxx}m; 8) Momzìd Fza}~ ^}jigxbglfIgogtmd) ~,054

05,Caz~mz) X,) Miigx) K,) m/Haoomzhm Jaac, J}gidglf tbm m/Mo~gzm) @h`dmogh zmxx) :>>0)~~,::4/::=

06,I`g) E,) B}thbglxal) K,) [b`lf) F,)Z`dga ezmp}mlhw gdmltgegh`tgal "ZEGD' gl Hbgl`;a~~azt}lgtgmx ld hbìimlfmx) Gltmzl`tgalì Ka}zlì ae Zmt`gi % Dgxtzgj}tgal O`l`fmomlt)Wm`z; :>>= Uai}om; 88 Gxx}m; 0:) Momzìd Fza}~ ^}jigxbglf Igogtmd) ~,7>=

02,Ig`lfxb`l) O,) Dalfw`l) K,) Tbm Hao~mtgtgal `ld Haa~mz`tgal ae VgO@R) VI@L `ld8F) :>>= :ld Gltmzl`tgalì Halemzmlhm al Oajgim Tmhblaiafw) @~~igh`tgalx `ld Xwxtmox)0=/06 Lau, :>>=) ~,0

07,O`hcigl) J,) X~zglt ta Zaii A}t VgO@R)btt~;!!vvv,mo`zcmtmz,hao!@ztghim,`x~r10>>4000)0 xm~t, :>>5

:>,OhH}ii`fb) D,)ZEGD t`fx; Jgf Jzatbmz gl xoìi ~`hc`fmx) 08 g`l}`zgm :>>8)vvv,lmvx,hao,hao) `hhmx`t l >5,>:,:>>6

:0,O}iimz) L,K,) Vg/Eg eaz tbm Mltmz~zgxm) OhFz`v/Bgii ^zaemxxgalì ^}jigxbglf) Ji`hcighc):>>8) ~,:

::,Xhbamljmzfmz) H,Z,) Tbm Gltmzlmt ae Tbglfx) vvv,eazjmx,hao!fiajì!:>>:!>802!>7:,btoi)o`ztgm :>>:) `hhmx`t l >=,>:,:>>6

:8,Xtzmmtal) O,) Xt`legmid) H,)[gfJmm; tbm tmimomtzw xai}tgal1) Tbm GMM Xmogl`z alTmimomtzw `ld Tmimo`tghx) :>>=) 00 @~zgi :>>=) ~,0

:4,+++) Haoogttmm al Z`dga Ezmp}mlhw Gdmltgegh`tgal Tmhblaiafgmx "HJ', Z`dga Ezmp}mlhwGdmltgegh`tgal Tmhblaiafgmx; @ Vazcxba~ X}oo`zw) L`tgalì @h`dmogmx zmxx)V`xbglftal) :>>4) ~,8

:=,+++) ZEGD âxgtgal Xt`tmomlt ae Halx}omz ^zgu`hw `ld Hgugi Igjmztgmx Azf`lg{`tgalx) :>lagmojzgm :>>8) vvv,~zgu`hwzgfbtx,azf!`z!ZEGD~axgtgal,bto) `hhmx`t l >5,>:,:>>6

:5,

+++) Tbm Vg/Eg @iig`lhm) i` btt~;!!vvv,vg/eg,azf:6,+++) Uggtaz}i Dgfgtì) ^H O`f`{glm) lagmojzgm :>>>:2,+++) Vgzmimxx Gltmzlmtvazid daogl`tgal ~axt~almd) Tbm Mhalaogxt) k`l}`zw :7tb/

emjz}`zw 4tb) :>>=) ~,=2

@~`z}t gl O{zm`l}) ^,U,) Tmblaiafgg oajgim; dm i` halmrg}lm ez egz i` gltmzlmt}i i}hz}zgiaz) lI}hzzgim Halemzglmg Mhalaog` Glxtgt}galì a ~zauah`zm ~mltz} ]lgumzxgt`tm` Zaolm`xh) 7/00lagmojzgm :>>6) G`g) Mdgt}z` ]lgumzxgtgg @imr`ldz} Ga`l H}{`) GXXL >867/6254
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Tehnologii Mobile - de La Conexiune Fara Fir La Internetul Lucrurilor

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