Universitatea TITU MAIORESCU

ȘCOALA DOCTORALĂ MEDICINĂ DENTARĂ

REZUMAT

TEZĂ DE DOCTORAT

CONCEPTE ACTUALIZATE ÎN REABILITAREA ESTETICO-

FUNCȚIONALĂ PRIN INCRUSTAȚII INTEGRAL CERAMICE

Coordinator științific,

Prof. Univ. Dr. Bîcleșanu Cornelia

Doctorand ,

Buruiană Ana-Maria

BUCUREȘTI

2019

CUPRINS

Introducere

1. Inlay-ul ceramic

1.1. Caracteristicile inlay-ului ceramic

1.2. Principii de preparare

1.3. Principii de cimentare

2. Stomatologia restaurativă biomimetică

2.1. Principiile si protocoalele biomimetice actuale

2.2. Rășinile compozite și ceramica conform principiului biomimetic

3. Materiale utilizate pentru fabricarea și cimentarea inlay-urilor integral ceramice

3.1. Introducere

3.2. Masele ceramice

3.2.1. Compoziția

3.2.2. Clasificare

3.3. Cimenturile răşinice

3.3.1. Clasificarea pe baza mecanismului de polimerizare

3.3.2. Clasificare pe baza schemei adezive

3.4. Metode de cimentare

3.4.1. Adeziunea la țesuturile dure dentare

3.4.2. Sisteme adezive amelo-dentinare

3.4.3. Adeziunea la ceramică

4. Studiu clinic comparativ privind restaurarea cu inlay-uri integral ceramice prin

metoda clasică și biomimetică

4.1. Scop

4.2. Material și metodă

4.2.1. Pregătirea dinților

4.2.2. Restaurarea dinților

4.3. Rezultate

4.4. Discuții

4.5. Concluzii

5. Studiu FEA pentru evaluarea rezistenței mecanice a cimenturilor autoadezive

utilizate pentru restaurarea inlay-urilor integral ceramice

5.1. Noțiuni generale cu privire la cimenturile autoadezive

5.2. Material și metodă

5.3. Rezultate și discuții

5.4. Concluzii

6. Studiu clinico-statistic privind longevitatea inlay-urilor integral ceramice

6.1. Introducere

6.2. Scop

6.3. Material și metodă

6.3.1. Protocolul clinic

6.3.2. Protocolul de cimentare

6.4. Rezultate

6.5. Discuții

6.6. Concluzii

7. Concluzii finale

Bibliografie

Cuvinte cheie: inlay integral ceramic, performanțe clinice, longevitate, metoda biomimetică,

materiale de cimentare rășinice.

Introducere: Tema aleasă pentru cercetare este o temă de actualitate întrucât incidența

cariilor dentare a crescut în ultimii ani, principalul factor fiind alimentația extraprocesată la

care se adaugă și o igienă dentară necorespunzătoare. De asemenea, reconstituirea leziunilor

carioase, în special a celor întinse din zona posterioară, ridică în continuare semne de

întrebare în ceea ce privește adaptabilitatea obturațiilor, fie ele directe sau indirecte, la

structurile dentare restante, dar și la nivelul dinților vecini și antagoniști, cât și în ceea ce

privește atât durabilitatea obturațiilor în timp, dar și cea a țesuturilor dentare cu care aceasta

vine în contact.În cazul leziunilor carioase întinse rășinile compozite nu reprezintă varianta de

elecție în ceea ce privește tratamentul restaurator, întrucât s-au înregistrat eșecuri atât din

punct de vedere funcțional, cât și din punct de vedere estetic, la un timp relativ scurt de la

realizarea manoperei. Inlay-ul ceramic, fiind o piesă protetică realizată în laborator, oferă un

prognostic superior rășinilor compozite, atât din punct de vedere funcțional, cât și estetic dar

și din punct de vedere al adaptabilității la țesuturile dentare restante. Inlay-ul ceramic oferă

posibilitatea de a controla limitele cervicale ale restaurației, de a realiza o adaptare corecta la

pragul gingival și o morfologie corectă a feței proximale precum și realizarea unui punct de

contact optim și a unei ocluzii corecte. De asemenea, proprietățile fizice sunt superioare ceea

ce determină creșterea rezistenței la abraziune, la flexiune și a modului de elasticitate.

Sigilarea marginilor restaurării este superioară, ceea ce reduce mult posibilitatea de apariție a

cariei secundare și a colorațiilor la nivelul dinților cuspidați în raport cu obturațiile directe cu

rășină compozită. În acest context, prin lucrarea de față am considerat util studiul

comportamentului, din punct de vedere clinic, al inlay-urilor integral ceramice, comparând în

același timp diferite metode de restaurare și diferite materiale de cimentare.

Partea generală: este descris -

Capitolul 1. Inlay-ul ceramic cuprinde o trecere în revistă a metodelor de preparare în

vederea restaurării indirecte, precum și design-ul pe care ar trebui să îl aibe cavitatea

preparată.

Capitolul 2. Stomatologia restaurativă biomimetică prezintă paradigmele și protocoalele

biomimetice actuale.

Capitolul 3. Materiale utilizate pentru fabricarea și cimentarea inlay-urilor integral

ceramice parcurge caracteristicile generale și clasificarea tipurilor de materiale utilizate în

cadrul studiilor din această teză.

Partea personală: cuprinde 3 capitole, fiecare capitol reprezentând un studiu de cercetare.

Capitolul 4. Studiu clinic comparativ privind restaurarea cu inlay-uri integral ceramice

prin metoda clasică și biomimetică. În cadrul acestui studiu au fost urmărite, la nivel

microscopic, integritatea și calitatea materialului de cimentare, etanșeizarea canaliculelor

dentinare și închiderea marginală, a 4 loturi de dinți extrași, a câte 15 dinți fiecare. Loturile au

fost împărțite în funcție de metoda de restaurare utilizată și în funcție de materialul de

cimentare folosit. În urma cercetării s-a constat faptul că integritatea straturilor de materiale

utilizate în tratamentul biomimetic este superioară integrității straturilor de material utilizate

în tratamentul clasic.

Capitolul 5. Studiu FEA pentru evaluarea rezistenței mecanice a cimenturilor

autoadezive utilizate pentru restaurarea inlay-urilor integral ceramice a avut ca scop

studierea rezistenței adeziunii inlay-ului integral ceramic, în 3 situații clinice diferite (inlay

ocluzal, mezio-ocluzo-distal și oculzo-proximal), comparând în același timp și performanțele

clinice a două materiale de cimentare diferite. Analiza cu element finit s-a realizat cu

software-ul FEA Ansys 13. Modelele geometrice provin din SolidWorks 2013, unde au fost

asamblate și exportate apoi în format compatibil Ansys. A rezultat faptul că ambele tipuri de

ciment prezintă valori de rezistență mai ridicate decât valorile de tensiune înregistrate atât la

nivelul suprafeței cât și la interfață. Acest lucru indică faptul că oricare dintre cele două valori

de solicitare, aplicate după oricare dintre cele 3 direcții, nu va produce ruptura niciunuia

dintre cele două tipuri de materiale de cimentare. Datorită apariției tensiunilor de forfecare, în

cazul inlay-ului ocluzo-proximal, solicitarea orizontală depășește valoarea rezistenței

mecanice a materialului de cimentare pentru solicitarea accidentală de 230 N, dar nici în acest

caz nu se va produce ruptura.

Capitolul 6. Studiu clinico-statistic privind longevitatea inlay-urilor integral ceramice a

observat performanțele clinice ale inlay-urilor integral ceramice pe o perioadă de 3 ani, cu

evaluări clinice realizate la 3, 6, 12, 24 și 36 de luni, în cadrul controalelor periodice

urmărindu-se existența infiltrației marginale, existența fracturilor, atât la nivelul restaurărilor,

cât și la nivelul țesutului dentar remanent, apariția complicațiilor pulpare la nivelul dinților

vitali restaurați, apariția cariei secundare. În cadrul studiului au participat 146 de pacienți cu

vârste cuprinse între 28 și 55 de ani, atât femei (63), cât și bărbați (83). S-au realizat 213 de

inlay-uri integral ceramice. Dinții restaurați au fost 126 molari, din care 69 au fost tratați

endodontic și 57 au rămas vitali, și 87 premolari, din care 39 devitali și 48 vitali. Pentru a

integra datele obținute în cadrul acestui studiu a fost realizat și un review al datelor, fiind

efectuată o căutare PubMed în vederea indentificării studiilor clinice privind longevitatea

inlay-urilor ceramice, realizate din diferite tipuri de ceramică, publicate în ultimii 8 ani (2009-

2017). S-au folosit cuvinte cheie “clinic performance”, “dental ceramics” “inlays, onlays”,

precum și un studiu statistic. În urma cercetării curente reiese faptul că inlay-urile integral

ceramice, realizate din tipuri diferite de ceramică și cimentate cu material compozit cu priză

duală, prezintă o longevitate acceptabilă, atât pentru medic, cât și pentru pacient.

Capitolul 7. Concluzii finale : cercetarea prezentă a demonstrat faptul că restaurarea

biomimetică este superioară celei clasice, defectele observate la nivel microscopic la nivelul

straturilor de materiale și a interfețelor fiind de 2 ori mai reduse ca și dimensiune în cazul

metodei biomimetice. De asemenea s-a demonstrat faptul că inlay-urile de dimensiuni

geometrice mari (mezio-ocluzo-distale) pot prelua și transmite mai bine tensiunile de la

suprafața dintelui, prin intermediul cimentului adeziv la structura dentară, comparativ cu

inlay-ul cu geometrie nesimetrică (ocluzo-proximal) care se caracterizează prin salturi bruște

de tensiune la interfețele de trecere de la un material la altul, acest caz fiind cel mai

susceptibil de a genera tensiuni care să depășească limita de rezistență la adeziune a

materialelor de cimentare. În urma cercetării curente se poate, de asemenea, concluziona

faptul că inlay-urile integral ceramice, realizate din tipuri diferite de ceramică și cimentate cu

material compozit cu priză duală, prezintă performanțe clinice optime.

Bibliografie

1. Aspros A. Inlays & Onlays Clinical Experiences and Literature Review. Journal of

Dental Health, Oral Disorders & Therapy 2015. Issue 1. Volume 2.

2. Homsy F. Eid R. El Ghoul W. Chidiac JJ. Considerations for Altering Preparation

Designs of Porcelain Inlay/Onlay Restorations for Nonvital Teeth. J Prosthodont. 2015

Aug;24(6):457-62.

3. Veneziani, M. Posterior indirect adhesive restorations: updated indications and the

Morphology Driven Preparation Technique. The international journal of esthetic

dentistry. January 2017. 12(2).

4. Thompson MC. Thompson KM. Swain M. The all-ceramic, inlay supported fixed

partial denture. Part 1.Ceramic inlay preparation design: a literature review. Australian

Dental Journal2010; 55: 120–127

5. Milleding P, O rtengren U, arlsson S. Ceramic inlay systems:some clinical aspects. J

Oral Rehabil 1995;22:571–580.

6. Hopp CD, Land MF. Considerations for ceramic inlays in posterior teeth: a

review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2013;5:21–32.

7. Cramer NB, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN. Recent advances and developments in

composite dental restorative materials. J Dent Res. 2011;90(4):402–416.

8. Monaco C, Cardelli P, Bolognesi M, Scotti R, Ozcan M. Inlay-retained zirconia fixed

dental prosthesis: clinical and laboratory procedures. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2012;7(1):48–

60.

9. Wolfart S, Kern M. A new design for all-ceramic inlay-retained fixed partial dentures:

a report of 2 cases. Quintessence Int. 2006;37(1):27–33.

10. Ohlmann B, Rammelsberg P, Schmitter M, Schwarz S, Gabbert O. All-ceramic inlay-

retained fixed partial dentures: preliminary results from a clinical study. J

Dent. 2008;36(9):692–696.

11. Thompson MC, Field CJ, Swain MV. The all-ceramic, inlay supported fixed partial

denture. Part 2. Fixed partial denture design: a finite element analysis. Aust Dent

J. 2011;56(3):302–311.

12. Thompson MC, Field CJ, Swain MV. The all-ceramic, inlay supported fixed partial

denture. Part 3. Experimental approach for validating the finite element analysis. Aust

Dent J. 2012;57(1):23–30.

13. White SN, Miklus VG, McLaren EA, Lang LA, Caputo AA. Flexural strength of a

layered zirconia and porcelain dental all-ceramic system. J Prosthet

Dent. 2005;94(2):125–131.

14. Kadowaka A, Suzuki S, Tanaka T. Wear evaluation of porcelain opposing gold,

composite resin, and enamel. J Prosthet Dent. 2006;96(4):258–265.

15. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics. 4th ed. St

Louis: Elsevier; 2006.

16. McCabe JF, Walls AWG. Applied Dental Materials. 9th ed. Oxford: Blackwell; 2008.

pp. 89–91.

17. Gracis S. Thompson VP. Ferencz JL. Nelson S. Bonfante EA. A New Classification

System for All-Ceramic and Ceramic-like Restorative Materials. International Journal

of Prosthodontics . 2015, Vol. 28 Issue 3, p227-235. 9p.

18. P. Ausiello, S. Ciaramella, A. Fabianelli et al., “Mechanical behavior of bulk direct

composite versus block composite and lithium disilicate indirect Class II restorations

by CAD-FEM modeling,” Dental Materials, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 690–701, 2017.

19. Morimoto S. Braga MM. Newton S. De Sampaio R. Survival Rate of Resin and

Ceramic Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Journal of Dental Research. June 2016. 95(9).

20. Oyar P. Durkan R. Effect of cavity design on the fracture resistance of zirconia onlay

ceramics. Niger J Clin Pract. 2018 Jun;21(6):687-691. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_424_17.

21. Bratu D. Nussbaum R., Bazele clinice și tehnice ale protezării fixe, Ed. Medicală,

București, 2006

22. Forna N. Protetică dentară – Vol. I și II, Editura Enciclopedică, 2011

23. Naumova EA, Schiml F, Arnold WH, Piwowarczyk A. Marginal quality of ceramic

inlays after three different instrumental cavity preparation methods of the proximal

boxes. Clin Oral Investig. 2019 Feb;23(2):793-803. doi: 10.1007/s00784-018-2492-0.

24. Lima FF. Neto CF. Rubo JH. Santos GC Jr. Moraes Coelho Santos MJ. Marginal

adaptation of CAD-CAM onlays: Influence of preparation design and impression

technique. J Prosthet Dent. 2018 Sep;120(3):396-402. doi:

10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.10.010.

25. http://intranet.tdmu.edu.ua/data/kafedra/internal/stomat_ter/classes_stud/en/stomat/ptn

/Propaedeutics%20of%20Therapeutic%20dentistry/2%20year/06.%20Modern%20met

hods%20of%20carious%20cavities%20preparation.htm

26. Ferracane JL, Stansbury JW, Burke JT. Self-adhesive resin cements – chemistry,

properties and clinical considerations. J Oral Rehab. 2011;38(4):295-314.

27. Bajraktarova-Valjakova E. Grozdanov A. Guguvcevski L. Korunoska-Stevkovska V.

Kapusevska B. Gigovski N. Mijoska A. Bajraktarova-Misevska C. Acid Etching as

Surface Treatment Method for Luting of Glass-Ceramic Restorations, part 1: Acids,

Application Protocol and Etching Effectiveness. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018

Mar 14;6(3):568-573. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.147.

28. Van Noort R. Introduction to Dental Materials. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby;

2002:257-278

29. Powers JM, O’ eefe L. Cements: How to select the right one. Dent Prod Rep.

2005;39:76-78,100

30. Powers JM, Sakaguchi RL. Craig’s Restorative Dental Materials. 12th ed.

Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Publishing; 2006:479-511

31. Simon JF, Darnell LA. Considerations for proper selection of dental cements.

Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2012;33(1):28-36.

32. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek BV, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Porcelain veneers: a

review of the literature. J Dent. 2000;28(3):163-177.

33. Simon JF, de Rijk, Hill J, Hill N. Tensile bond strength of ceramic crowns to dentin

using resin cements. Int J Comput Dent. 2011;14(4):309-319.

34. Ceci M, Pigozzo M, Scribante A, Beltrami R, Colombo M, Chiesa M, Poggio C.

Effect of glycine pretreatment on the shear bond strength of a CAD/CAM resin nano

ceramic material to dentin. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016 Apr 1;8(2):e146-52. doi:

10.4317/jced.52630.

35. Rosentritt M, Behr M, Lang R, Handel G. Influence of cement type on the marginal

adaptation of all-ceramic MOD inlays. Dent Mater. 2004;20(5):463-469

36. Frankenberger R, Lohbauer U, Schaible RB, et al. Luting of ceramic inlays in vitro:

marginal quality of self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesives versus self-etch cements.

Dent Mater. 2008;24(2):185-191

37. Olms C, Boeckler A, Lautenschlager C, Setz J. Clinical study of postoperative

sensitivity for new self-adhesive resin cement. J Dent Res. 2008;87.

38. Burgess JO, Ghuman T, Cakir D. Self-adhesive resin cements. J Esthet Restor Dent.

2010;22(6):412-419.

39. Rohr N. Fischer J. Tooth surface treatment strategies for adhesive cementation. J Adv

Prosthodont. 2017 Apr;9(2):85-92. doi: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.2.85.

40. Poggio C. Pigozzo M. Ceci M. Scribante A. Beltrami R. Chiesa M. Influence of

different luting protocols on shear bond strength of computer aided design/computer

aided manufacturing resin nanoceramic material to dentin. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2016

Mar-Apr;13(2):91-7.

41. http://www.dentistrytoday.com/restorative/5590-standardized-bonding-protocol-for-

posterior-porcelain-restorations

42. Eiriksson SO, Pereira PN, Swift EJ Jr, et al. Effects of saliva contamination on resin-

resin bond strength. Dent Mater. 2004;20:37-44.

43. Chaiyabutr Y, Kois JC. The effects of tooth preparation cleansing protocols on the

bond strength of self-adhesive resin luting cement to contaminated dentin. Oper Dent.

2008;33:556-563.

44. Magne P, So WS, Cascione D. Immediate dentin sealing supports delayed restoration

placement. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;98:166-174.

45. Pioch T, Stotz S, Buff E, et al. Influence of different etching times on hybrid layer

formation and tensile bond strength. Am J Dent. 1998;11:202-206.

46. Carrilho MR, Geraldeli S, Tay F, et al. In vivo preservation of the hybrid layer by

chlorhexidine. J Dent Res. 2007;86:529-533.

47. Hebling J, Pashley DH, Tjäderhane L, et al. Chlorhexidine arrests subclinical

degradation of dentin hybrid layers in vivo. J Dent Res. 2005;84:741-746.

48. Magne P, Belser U. Bonded Porcelain Restorations in the Anterior Dentition: A

Biomimetic Approach. Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing; 2002.

49. Magne P. Esthetic and Biomimetic Restorative Dentistry: Manual for Posterior

Esthetic Restorations. Los Angeles, CA: USC School of Dentistry; 2006.

50. Bottacchiari S. Composite Inlays and Onlays: Structural, Periodontal and Endodontic

Aspects. Milan, Italy: Quintessenza Edizioni; 2016.

51. Deepak V, Reddy VK. Biomimetics in dentistry – A review. Indian J Res Pharm

Biotechnol 2014;2:1384‐8.

52. Roulet J-F, Degrange M. Adhesion: The Silent Revolution in Dentistry. Chicago, IL:

Quintessence Publishing; 2000.

53. Alleman D, Magne P. A systematic approach to deep caries removal end-points: The

peripheral seal concept in adhesive dentistry. Quint Int. 2012;43(3):197-208.

54. Haapasalo M, et al. Clinical use of bioceramic materials. Endod. Topics 2015;32:97-

117.

55. Douglas WH, Considerations for modeling. Dent Mater 12:203-7, 1996.

56. Morin D, DeLong R, Douglas WH, Cusp reinforcement by the acid-etch technique. J

Dent Res 63:1075-8, 1984.

57. ottoor J. Biomimetic Endodontics. Barriers and Strategies’. Health Sciences 2013;

2(1).

58. Srinivasan K, Chitra S. Emerging trends in oral health profession: The biomimetic – A

review. Arch Dent Med Res 2015;1:40‐7.

59. Magne P, Kim TH, Cassione D, Donovan TE. Immediate dentin sealing improves

bond strengths of indirect restorations. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94(6):511-519.

60. Urabe I, Nakajima M, Sano H, Tagami J. Physical properties of the dentin-enamel

junction region. Am J Dent. 2000;13(3):129-135.

61. Ida K, Inokoshi S, Kurosaki N. Interfacial gaps following ceramic inlay cementation

vs. direct composites. Oper Dent. 2003;28(4):445-452.

62. Dietschi D. Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Adaptation of Adhesive Class II

Restoration: In Vitro Fatigue Tests [PhD Thesis]. Amsterdam: Academic Center for

Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Vrije University; 2003.

63. Belli S, Orucoglu H, Yildirim C, Eskitascioglu G. The Effect of Fiber Placement or

Flowable Resin Lining on Microleakage in Class II Adhesive Restorations. J Adhes

Dent. 2007;9(2):175-181.

64. Nikaido T, Kunzelmann K-H, Chen H, et al. Evaluation of thermal cycling and

mechanical loading on bond strength of a self-etching primer system to dentin. Dent

Mater. 2002;18(3):269-275.

65. Deliperi S, Bardwell D, Alleman D. Clinical evaluation of stress-reducing direct

composite restorations in structurally compromised molars: a 2-year report. Oper

Dent. 2012;37(2):109-116.

66. Deliperi S, Bardwell D. Clinical Evaluation of Direct Cuspal Coverage with Posterior

Composite Resin Restorations. J Esthet Rest Dent.2006;18(5):256-267.

67. Zollner A, Gaengler P. Pulp reactions to different preparation techniques on teeth

exhibiting periodontal disease. J Oral Rehabil. 2000;27(2):93-102.

68. Kishen A, Vedantam. Hydrodynamics in dentine: Role of dentinal tubules and

hydrostatic pressure on mechanical stress-strain distribution. Dental Mater.

2007;23(10):1296-1306.

69. Sahebalam R, Boruziniat A, Mohammadzadeh F, Rangrazi A. Effect of the Time of

Salivary Contamination during Light Curing on Degree of Conversion and

Microhardness of a Restorative Composite Resin. Biomimetics 2018, 3, 23;

doi:10.3390.

70. Versluis A, Tantbirojn D, Pintado M, De Long R, Douglas WH. Residual shrinkage

stress distributions in molars after composite restoration. Dental Mater.

2004;20(6):554-564.

71. Bicalho AA, Pereira RD, Zanatta RF, Franco SD, Tantbirojn D, Versluis A, Soares CJ.

Incremental filling technique and composite material-part 1: Cuspal Deformation,

Bond Strength and Physical Properties. Oper Dent. 2014;39(2):E71-E72.

72. Koltisko B, et al. The polymerization stress of flowable composites. J Dent Res

2010;89:321.

73. Kumari R, Ponappa MC, Ponnappa KC, Girish TN. Biomimetic materials

in restorative dentistry - A review. International Research Journal of Pharmacy and

Medical Sciences (IRJPMS), Volume 1, Issue 5, pp. 35-37, 2018.

74. Pandya M, Diekwisch TGH. Enamel biomimetics—fiction or future of dentistry.

International Journal of Oral Science, Volume 11, Article number: 8 (2019).

75. Kumari R, Ponappa MC, Ponnappa KC, Girish TN. Biomimetic materials

in restorative dentistry - A review. International Research Journal of Pharmacy and

Medical Sciences (IRJPMS), Volume 1, Issue 5, pp. 35-37, 2018.

76. Eldafrawy M, Nguyen JF, Mainjot AK, Sadoun MJ. (2018). A Functionally Graded

PICN Material for Biomimetic CAD-CAM Blocks. Journal of Dental

Research, 97(12), 1324–1330.

77. Nikolaenko SA, Lohbauer U, Roggendorf M, Petschelt A, Dasch W, Franenberberger

R. Influence of C-Factor and layering technique on microtensile bond strength to

dentin. Dental Mater. 2004;20(6):579-585.

78. Wilson NHF, Cowan AJ, Unterbrink G, Wilson MA, Crisp RJ. A clinical evaluation

of class II composites placed using a decoupling technique. J Adhesive

Dent. 2000;2(4):319-329.

79. Irie M, Suzuki K, Watts DC. Marginal gap formation of light-activated restorative

material: effects of immediate setting shrinkage and bond strength. Dental Mater.

2002;18(3):203-210.

80. Deliperi S, Alleman D. Stress-reducing protocol for direct composite restorations in

minimally invasive cavity preparations. PPAD. 2009;21(2):E1-E6.

81. El-Mowafy O, El-Badrawy W, Eltanty A, Abbasi K, Habib N. Gingival microleakage

of class II resin composite restorations with fiber inserts. Oper Dent. 2007; 32(3):298-

305.

82. Rocca GT, Krejci I. Bonded indirect restorations for posterior teeth: from cavity

preparation to provisionalization. Quint Int. 2007;38(5):371-379.

83. Kuroe T, Tachibana K, Tanino Y,Satoh N, Ohata N, Sano H, Inoue N, Caputo AA.

Contraction stress of composite resin build-up procedures for pulpless molars. J Adhes

Dent. 2003;5(1):71-77.

84. Alleman DS, Nejad MA. The Protocols of Biomimetic Restorative Dentistry: 2002 to

2017. Inside Dentistry, June 2017, 13(6).

85. Milicich G, Rainey JT. Clinical presentations of stress distribution in teeth and their

significance in operative dentistry. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 2000; 12(7):695-

700.

86. Van Meerbeek B, DeMunck J, Mattar D, Van Landuyt K, Lambrechts P. Microtensile

bond strengths of an etch and rinse and self-etch adhesive to enamel and dentin as a

function of surface treatment. Oper Dent. 2003;28(5):647-66

87. Sattabanasuk V, Burrow MF, Shimada Y, Tagami J. Resin adhesion to caries-affected

dentine after different removal methods. Aust Dent J. 2006;51(2):162-169.

88. Papacchini F, Dall’Oca S, Cheffi N, Goracci C, Sadek FT, Suh BI, Tay FR, Ferrari M.

Composite-to-composite microtensile bond strength in the repair of a microfilled

hybrid resin: effect of surface treatment and oxygen inhibition. J Ades Dent.

2007;9(1):25-31.

89. Dionysopoulos D. Effect of digluconate chlorhexidine on bond strength between

dental adhesive systems and dentin: a systematic review. J Conserv Dent.

2016;19(1):11-6.

90. Loguercio AD, Hass V, Gutierrez MF, Luque-Martinez IV, Szezs A, Stanislawczuk R

et al. Five-year Effects of chlorhexidine on the in vitro durability of resin/dentin

interfaces. J Adhes Dent. 2016;18(1):35-42.

91. De Munck J, Mine A, Poitevin A, Van Ende A, Cardoso MV, Van Landuyt KL,

Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B. Meta-analytical review of parameters involved in

dentin bonding. J Dent Res. 2012;91(4):351-357.

92. Frese C, Wolff D, Staehle HJ. Proximal box elevation with resin composite and the

dogma of biological width: clinical R2-technique and critical review. Oper Dent.

2014:39(1):22-31.

93. Magne P, Spreafico R. Deep margin elevation: a paradigm shift. Amer J of Estht Dent.

2012;2(2):86-96.

94. Bazos P, Magne P. Bio-emulation: biomimetically emulating nature utilizing a histo-

anatomical approach; structural analysis. Eur J of Esthet Dent. 2011;6(1):8-19.

95. Ali, Afzal & Saraf, Prahlad & Patil, Jayaprakash & Gokani, Bhakti. Biomimetic

Materials in Dentistry. Research & Reviews: Journal of Material Sciences 2017. 05.

10.4172/2321-6212.1000188.

96. Gandolfi MG, Taddei P, Siboni F, Modena E, De Stefano ED, Prati C. Biomimetic

remineralization of human dentin using promising innovative calcium‐silicate hybrid

“smart” materials. Dent Mater 2011;27:1055‐69.

97. Tirlet G, Crescenzo H, Crescenzo D, Bazos P. Ceramic adhesive restorations and

biomimetic dentistry: tissue preservation and adhesion. Int J Esthet Dent. 2014

Autumn;9(3):354-69. PubMed PMID: 25126616.

98. Solomon RV, Karunakar P, Grandhala DS, Byragoni C. Sealing ability of a new

calcium silicate based material as a dent in substitute in class II sandwich restorations:

An in vitro study. J Oral Res Rev 2014;6:1‐8.

99. Staninec M, Marshall GW, et al, Ultimate tensile strength of dentin: evidence for a

damage mechanics approach to dentin failure. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater)

63:342–5, 2002.

100. Opdama NJM. Collares K. Hickel R. Bayne SC. Loomansa BA. Cenci MS.

Lynche CD. Correab MB. Demarco F.

101. Schwendicke F. Wilson NHF. Clinical studies in restorative dentistry: New

directions and new demands. Dental Materials Volume 34, Issue 1, January 2018,

Pages 1-12.

102. Gholampour S. Zoorazma G. Shakouri E. Evaluating the Effect of Dental

Filling Material and Filling Depth on the Strength and Deformation of Filled Teeth.

Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques. Autumn 2016, Page 172-180.

103. Leinfelder K. Porcelain esthetics for the 21st century. J Am Dent Assoc.

2000;131 Suppl:47S–51S.

104. McLaren E. CAD/CAM dental technology. Compend Contin Educ Dent.

2011;32(4):73–82.

105. Mörmann WH. The evolution of the CEREC system. J Am Dent Assoc.

2006;137 Suppl:7S–13S.

106. Simonsen RJ, Calamia JR. Tensile bond strength of etched porcelain. J Dent

Res. 1983;27:671–684.

107. Sozio RB, Riley EJ. The shrink-free ceramic crown. J Prosthet Dent.

1983;49(2):182–187.

108. Dong JK, Luthy H, Wohlwend A, Schärer P. Heat-pressed ceramics:

technology and strength. Int J Prosthodont. 1992;5(1):9–16.

109. Willard A. Chu TG. The science and application of IPS e.Max dental ceramic.

The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences Volume 34, Issue 4, April 2018, Pages

238-242

110. Zhang Y. Lawn BR. Evaluating dental zirconia. Dental Materials Volume 35,

Issue 1, January 2019, Pages 15-23.

111. Dorin Borzea – Ceramica in Stomatologie, editura Dacia Cluj-Napoca, 2000.

112. http://www.scritub.com/stiinta/chimie/MASE-CERAMICE171162917.php

113. Archangelo CM. Romanini JC. Archangelo KC. Hoshino IAE. Anchieta RB.

Minimally Invasive Ceramic Restorations: A Step-by-Step Clinical Approach.

Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry Apr 2018, 39(4):e4-e8.

114. https://www.revistagalenus.ro/stomatologie/ceramica-dentara-materii-prime-

ce-intra-in-compozitia-portelanului-dentar-si-specificul-lor/

115. Srichumpong T. Phokhinchatchanan P. Thongpun N. Chaysuwan D.

Suputtamongkol K. Fracture toughness of experimental mica-based glass-ceramics

and four commercial glass-ceramics restorative dental materials. Dental Materials J.

2019 Mar 13. doi: 10.4012/dmj.2018-077

116. Pathrabe A, Lahoti K, Gade JR. Metal Free Ceramics in Dentistry: A Review.

Int J Oral Health Med Res 2016;2(5):154-158.

117. Bajraktarova-Valjakova E, Korunoska-Stevkovska V, Kapusevska B, Gigovski

N, Bajraktarova-Misevska C, Grozdanov A. Contemporary Dental Ceramic Materials,

A Review: Chemical Composition, Physical and Mechanical Properties, Indications

for Use. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018;6(9):1742–1755. Published 2018 Sep

24. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.378

118. Gopal S V. CAD-CAM and all ceramic restorations, current trends and

emerging technologies: A review. Int J Orofac Res 2017;2:40-4

119. Simon JF, de Rijk WG. Dental cements. Inside Dentistry. 2006;2(2):42-47.

120. Albers HF. Indirect bonded restoration supplement. In: Albers HF, Bonded

Tooth Color Restoratives: Principles and Techniques. Santa Rosa, CA: Alto Books;

1989:1-42.

121. Vargas MA, Bergeron C, Diaz-Arnold A. Cementing all-ceramic restorations:

recommendations for success. J Am Dent Assoc. 2011;142 Suppl 2:20S-4S.

122. Pegoraro TA, da Silva NR, Caevalho RM. Cements for use in esthetic

dentistry. Dent Clin North Am. 2007;51(2):453-471.

123. Hasegawa EA, Boyer DB, Chan DC. Hardening of dual-cured cements under

composite resin inlays. J Prosthet Dent. 1991;66(2):187-192.

124. el-Badrawy WA, el-Mowafy OM. Chemical versus dual curing of resin inlay

cements. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;73(6):515-524.

125. Vrochari AD, Eliades G, Hellwig E, Wrbas KT. Curing efficiency of four self-

etching, self-adhesive resin. Dent Mater. 2009;25(9):1104-1108.

126. Cekic I, Ergun G, Lassila LV, Vallittu PK. Ceramic-dentin bonding: effect of

adhesive systems and light-curing units. J Adhes Dent. 2007;9(1):17-23.

127. Kanehira M, Finger WJ, Hoffmann M, Komatsu M. Compatibility between an

all-in-one self-etching adhesive and a dual-cured resin luting cement. J Adhes Dent.

2006;8(4):229-232.

128. Simon JF, de Rijl W. Shear bond strength of Empress to dentin using four resin

cements. AADR Oral Presentation 886, 2006 Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL.

129. de Rijk W, Simon JF. Shear Bond Strengths of Resin Cements to Dentin and

Ceramic. Poster, CEREC 20-year celebration in Vegas. Las Vegas, NV, October 14,

2006.

130. Hollis W, Pecora NF, de Rijk WG. An Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength

of Four Universal Cements to Five Prosthodontics Substrates. Kerr University.

http://www.kerrdental.com/index/kerrdental-cements-maxcemelite-3rdparty-2.

Accessed September 27, 2012.

131. De Munck J, Vargas M, Van Landuyt K, et al. Bonding of an auto-adhesive

luting material to enamel and dentin. Dent Mater. 2004;20(10):963-971.

132. Al-Assaf K, Chakmakchi M, Palaghias G, et al. Interfacial characteristics of

adhesive luting resins and composites with dentine. Dent Mater. 2007;23(7):829-839.

133. Yang B, Ludwig K, Adelung R, Kern M. Micro-tensile bond strength of three

luting resins to human regional dentin. Dent Mater. 2006;22(1):45-56.

134. Bitter K, Paris S, Pfuertner C, et al. Morphological and bond strength

evaluation of different resin cements to root dentin. Eur J Oral Sci. 2009;117(3):326-

333.

135. Lad PP, Kamath M, Tarale K, Kusugal PB. Practical clinical considerations of

luting cements: A review. J Int Oral Health. 2014;6(1):116–120.

136. Sunico-Segarra M., Segarra A. The Evolution of Cements for Indirect

Restorations from Luting to Bonding. In: A Practical Clinical Guide to Resin

Cements. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.2015

137. Zhou W. Liu S. Zhou X. Hannig M. Rupf S. Feng J. Peng X. Cheng L.

Modifying Adhesive Materials to Improve the Longevity of Resinous Restorations.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 723.

138. Summit, J.B., Robbins, J.W., Hilton T.J., Schwartz, R.S.: Fundamentals of

Operative Dentistry: A Contemporary Approach. 3rd ed. Quintessence Publishing Co.

Inc., Chicago, 2006.

139. Takahashi A., Sato Y., Uno S., Pereira P., Sano H.. Effects of mechanical

prpperties of adhesive resins on bond strength to dentin. Dental Materials, 2002;

18(3): 263-268.

140. Perdigao J., Geraldeli S.: Bonding characteristics of self-etching adhesives to

intact versus prepared enamel. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 2003;

15(1): 32-41.

141. Perdigao J., Lopes M.M., Gomes G.: In vitro bonding performance of self-

etching adhesives - ultramorphological evaluation. Opera- tive Dentistry, 2008; 33(5):

534-549.

142. Sofan E. Sofan A. Palaia G. Tenore G. Romeo U. Migliau G. Classification

review of dental adhesive systems: From the IV generation to the universal type. Ann

Stomatol. 2017, 8, 1–17.

143. Chen C. Niu LN. Xie H. Zhang ZY. Zhou LQ. Jiao K. Chen JH. Pashley DH.

Tay FR. Bonding of universal adhesives to dentine—Old wine in new bottles? J. Dent.

2015, 43, 525–536.

144. Elkaffas AA. Hamama HHH. Mahmoud SH. Do universal adhesives promote

bonding to dentin? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Restor. Dent. Endod. 2018,

43, e29.

145. Islam S. Hiraishi N. Nassar M. Yiu C. Otsuki M. Tagami J. Effect of natural

cross-linkers incorporation in a self-etching primer on dentine bond strength. J. Dent.

2012, 40, 1052–1059.

146. Fallahi A. Khadivi N. Roohpour N. Middleton AM. Kazemzadeh-Narbat M.

Annabi N. Khademhosseini A. Tamayol A. Characterization, mechanistic analysis and

improving the properties of denture adhesives. Dental Materials Volume 34, Issue 1,

January 2018, Pages 120-131.

147. Tezvergil-Mutluay A. Agee K.A. Hoshika T. Tay F.R. Pashley D.H. The

inhibitory effect of polyvinylphosphonic acid on functional matrix metalloproteinase

activities in human demineralized dentin. Acta Biomater. 2010, 6, 4136–4142.

148. O’Brien, W.J.: Dental materials and their selection. 4th ed. Quintessence

Publishing Co. Inc., Chicago, 2008.

149. Moura S.K., Pelizzaro A., Dal Bianco K.: Does the acidity of self-etching

primers affect bond strength and surface morphology of enamel? Journal of Adhesive

Dentistry, 2006; 8(2): 75-83.

150. Ma S. Niu L. Li F. Fang M. Zhang L. Tay F.R. Imazato S. Chen J. Adhesive

Materials with Bioprotective/Biopromoting Functions. Curr. Oral Health Rep. 2014, 1,

213–221.

151. McLean, J.W.: Historical overview: The pioneers of enamel and dentin

bonding. In: Roulet J.F., Degrange M.: Adhesion - the silent revolution in dentistry.

Quintessence Publishing Co. Inc., Chicago, 2000; 1: 13-15.

152. Di Hipolito V., Chan D.C., Daronch M., Sinhoreti M.A.: SEM evaluation of

contemporary self-etching primers applied to ground and unground enamel. Journal of

Adhesive Dentistry, 2005; 7(3): 203-211.

153. Ito S., Hashimoto M., Svizero N., Saito T., Tay F.r., Pashley D.H.: Effects of

resin hydrophilicity on watwer sorption and changes in modulus of elasticity.

Biomaterials, 2005; 26(33): 6449-6459.

154. Perdigao J. Sezinando A. Monteiro PC. Laboratory bonding ability of a multi-

purpose dentin adhesive. Am. J. Dent. 2012, 25, 153–158.

155. Tay, F.: Effects of smear layer on the bonding of a self-etching primer to

dentin. The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry, 2000; 2: 99- 116.

156. Van Landuyt K.L., Peumans M., Coutinho E., Suzuki K., Van Meerbeek B.:

Systematic review of the chemical composition of contem- porary dental adhesives.

Biomaterials, 2007; 28(26): 3757-3785.\

157. Moszner N, Salz U, Zimmermann J. Chemical aspects of self-etching enamel-

dentin adhesives: a systematic review. Dent Mater. 2005;21(10):895-910.

158. Hanabusa M, Mine A, Kuboki T, Momoi Y, Van Ende A, Van Meerbeek B et

al. Bonding effectiveness of a new “multi-mode” adhesive to enamel and dentine. J

Dent. 2012;40(6):475-84.

159. Carvalho RM. Manso AP. Geraldeli S. Tay FR. Pashley DH. Durability of

bonds and clinical success of adhesive restorations. Dent. Mater. 2012, 28, 72–86.

160. Munoz MA. Luque-Martinez I. Malaquias P. Hass V. Reis A. Campanha NH.

Loguercio AD. In vitro longevity of bonding properties of universal adhesives to

dentin. Oper. Dent. 2015, 40, 282–292.

161. Cardoso MV. de Almeida Neves A. Mine A. Coutinho E. Van Landuyt K. De

Munck J. Van Meerbeek B. Current aspects on bonding effectiveness and stability in

adhesive dentistry. Aust. Dent. J. 2011, 56, 31–44.

162. Lane JA. Hughey SJ. Gregory PN. Versluis-Tantbirojn D. Simon JF.

Harrison J. Versluis A. Is Your Dental Adhesive Forgiving? How to Address

Challenges. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry 37(9) October 2016 .

163. Breschi L. Maravic T. Ribeiro Cunha S. Comba A. Cadenaro M. Tjäderhane L.

Pashley HD. Tay FR. Mazzonia A. Dentin bonding systems: From dentin collagen

structure to bond preservation and clinical applications. Dental Materials Volume 34,

Issue 1, January 2018, Pages 78-96.

164. Van Landuyt K.L., Peumans M., Coutinho E., Suzuki K., Van Meerbeek B.:

Influence of the chemical structure of functional monomers on their adhesive

performance. Journal of Dental Research, 2008; 87(8): 757-761.

165. Santschi K, Peutzfeldt A, Lussi A, Flury S. Effect of salivary contamination

and decontamination on bond strength of two one-step self-etching adhesives to dentin

of primary and permanent teeth. J Adhes Dent. 2015;17(1):51-57.

166. De Munch J., Sathosi I., Vargas M., Lambrechts P., Vanherle G.: Microtensile

bond strengths of one-and two-step self-etch adhesives to bur-cut enamel and dentin.

American Journal of Dentistry, 2003; 16(6): 414-420.

167. Caviedes-Bucheli J. Ariza-Garcia G. Camelo P. Mejia M. Ojeda K. Azuero-

Holguin MM. Abad-Coronel D. Munoz HR. The effect of glass ionomer and adhesive

cements on substance P expression in human dental pulp. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir

Bucal. 2013;18(6):e896-901.

168. Sharafeddin F. Choobineh MM. Assessment of the Shear Bond Strength

between Nanofilled Composite Bonded to Glass-ionomer Cement Using Self-etch

Adhesive with Different pHs and Total-Etch Adhesive. J Dent (Shiraz). 2016;17(1):1-

6.

169. Benson P. Systematic review of glass-ionomer adhesives. American Journal of

Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2011, Volume 139 , Issue 2 , 147.

170. Tyas MJ. Burrow MF. Adhesive restorative materials: A review. Australian

Dental Journal 2004;49:(3):112-121.

171. Hamama HH. Burrow MF. Yiu C. Effect of dentine conditioning on adhesion

of resin‐modified glass ionomer adhesives. Australian Dental Journal. June 2014.

Volume59. Issue2. Pages 193-200.

172. Manso AP. Carvalho RM. Dental Cements for Luting and Bonding

Restorations: Self-Adhesive Resin Cements. Dent Clin North Am. 2017

Oct;61(4):821-834.

173. Santschi K, Peutzfeldt A, Lussi A, Flury S. Effect of salivary contamination

and decontamination on bond strength of two one-step self-etching adhesives to dentin

of primary and permanent teeth. J Adhes Dent. 2015;17(1):51-57.

174. Goracci C, Rengo C, Eusepi L, Juloski J, Vichi A, Ferrari M. Influence of

selective enamel etching on the bonding effectiveness of a new “all-in-one” adhesive.

Am J Dent. 2013;26(2):99-104.

175. Filho HN. Adhesives systems – classification. Full Dentistry in science.

January 2014. 20. 641-646.

176. Brandt S. Winter A. Lauer HC. Kollmar F. Portscher-Kim SJ. Romanos GE.

IPS e.max for All-Ceramic Restorations: Clinical Survival and Success Rates of Full-

Coverage Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures. Materials (Basel). 2019 Feb 2;12(3).

pii: E462. doi: 10.3390/ma12030462.

177. Lawson NC, Burgess JO. Dental Ceramics: A Current Review. Compendium

of Continuing Education in Dentistry 35(3) March 2014.

178. Soares CJ, Soares PV, Pereira JC, Fonseca RB. Surface treatment protocols in

the cementation process of ceramic and laboratory-processed composite restorations: a

literature review. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2005;17(4):224-235.

179. Guimarães HAB. Cardoso PC. Decurcio RA. Monteiro LJE. de Almeida LN.

Martins WF. Magalhães APR. Simplified Surface Treatments for Ceramic

Cementation: Use of Universal Adhesive and Self-Etching Ceramic Primer. Int J

Biomater. 2018 Dec 31;2018:2598073. doi: 10.1155/2018/2598073.

180. Meenes T, Burgess JO, Cakir D, et al. Abrasion and etching effects on lithium

disilicate flexural strength. J Dent Res. 2014;93(spec iss A):184572.

181. Mair L, Padipatvuthikul P. Variables related to materials and preparing for

bond strength testing irrespective of the test protocol. Dent Mater. 2010;26(2):e17-

e23.

182. Atsu SS, Kilicarslan MA, Kucukesmen HC, Aka PS. Effect of zirconium-oxide

ceramic surface treatments on the bond strength to adhesive resin. J Prosthet Dent.

2006;95(6):430-436.

183. Attia A, Kern M. Long-term resin bonding to zirconia ceramic with a new

universal primer. J Prosthet Dent. 2011;106(5):319-327.

184. Blatz MB, Sadan A, Martin J, Lang B. In vitro evaluation of shear bond

strengths of resin to densely-sintered high-purity zirconium-oxide ceramic after long-

term storage and thermal cycling. J Prosthet Dent. 2004;91(4):356-362.

185. Habib SR. Ali M. Al Hossan A. Majeed-Saidan A. Al Qahtani M. Effect of

cementation, cement type and vent holes on fit of zirconia copings. Saudi Dent J. 2019

Jan;31(1):45-51. doi: 10.1016.

186. Peutzfeldt A, Sahafi A, Flury S. Bonding of restorative materials to dentin with

various luting agents. Oper Dent. 2011;36(3):266-273.

187. Viotti RG, Kasaz A, Pena CE, et al. Microtensile bond strength of new self-

adhesive luting agents and conventional multistep systems. J Prosthet Dent.

2009;102(5):306-312.

188. Powers JM, Farah JW, O’ eefe L, et al. Guide to all-ceramic bonding. The

Dental Advisor. 2009;2:1-12.

189. Jensen ME, Sheth JJ, Tolliver D. Etched-porcelain resin-bonded full-veneer

crowns: in vitro fracture resistance. Compendium. 1989;10(6):336-347.

190. Heintze SD, Cavalleri A, Zellweger G, et al. Fracture frequency of all-ceramic

crowns during dynamic loading in a chewing simulator using different loading and

luting protocols. Dent Mater. 2008;24(10):1352-1361.

191. Al-Wahadni AM, Hussey DL, Grey N, Hatamleh MM. Fracture resistance of

aluminium oxide and lithium disilicate-based crowns using different luting cements:

an in vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2009;10(2):51-58.

192. Gehrt M, Wolfart S, Rafai N, et al. Clinical results of lithium-disilicate crowns

after up to 9 years of service. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17(1):275-284.

193. Wolfart S, Eschbach S, Scherrer S, Kern M. Clinical outcome of three-unit

lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic fixed dental prostheses: up to 8 years results. Dent

Mater. 2009;25(9):e63-e71.

194. http://www.scritub.com/medicina/MATERIALE-DENTARE242414313.php

195. http://www.roedentallab.com/downloads/emaxpressdata.pdf

196. Collares K, Corrêa MB, Laske M, Kramer E, Reiss B, Moraes RR, Huysmans

MC, Opdam NJ, Dent Mater. 2016 May;32(5):687-94.

197. Magne P, Composite Resins and Bonded Porcelain: The Post amalgam Era?

CDA. JOURNAL, 34(2), 2006.

198. Ngo H, Biological properties of glass-ionomers In: An atlas of glass-ionomer

cements. A clinician's guide, Martin Dunitz, London, 2002, 43-55.

199. https://www.pomeradocosmeticdentistry.com/practice-news/can-biomimetic-

dentistry-prevent-root-canals-san-diego-cosmetic-dentist-explains/

200. Hashimoto M, Ohno H, Sano H, Tay FR, Kaga M, Kudou Y, Oguchi H, Araki

Y, Kubota M. Micromorphological changes in resin-dentin bonds after 1 year of water

storage. J Biomed Mater Res Appl Biomater. 2002;63:306–311.

201. Spencer P, Wang Y, Bohaty B. Interfacial chemistry of moisture-aged class II

composite restorations. J Biomed Mater Res B. 2006;77:234–240.

202. Wang Y, Spencer P, Yao X. Micro-Raman imaging analysis of

monomer/mineral distribution in intertubular region of adhesive/dentin interfaces. J

Biomed Optics. 2006;11:024005-024001–024005-024007.

203. Spencer P,Ye Q, Park J, Topp E.M, Misra A, Marangos O, Wang Y, Bohaty

B.S, Singh V, Sene F, Eslick J, Camarda K, Katz J.L, Adhesive/Dentin Interface: The

Weak Link in the Composite

204. Restoration, Ann Biomed Eng. 2010 June ; 38(6): 1989–2003.

205. Breschi L, Mazzoni A, Ruggeri A, Cadenaro M, Di Lenarda R, De Stefano

Dorigo E. Dental adhesion review: aging and stability of the bonded interface. Dent

Mater. 2008;24:90–101.

206. Ferracane JL. Hygroscopic and hydrolytic effects in dental polymer networks.

Dent Mater. 2006;22:211–222.

207. Wang Y, Spencer P, Yao X, Brenda B. Effect of solvent content on resin

hybridization in wet dentin bonding. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2007;82:975–983.

208. Ye Q, Spencer P, Wang Y, Misra A. Relationship of solvent to the

photopolymerization process, properties, and structure in model dentin adhesives. J

Biomed Mater Res A. 2007;80:342–350.

209. De Munck J, Van Meerbeek B, Yoshida Y, Inoue S, Vargas M,Suzuki K, et al.

Four-year water degradation of total-etch adhesives bonded to dentin. J Dent Res.

2003;82:136–40

210. Van Meerbeek B, Yoshihara K, Yoshida Y, Mine A, De Munck J, Van

Landuyt KL. State of the art of self-etch adhesives. Dent Mater. 2011;27:17–28.

211. Munoz ˜ MA, Sezinando A, Luque-Martinez I, Szesz AL, Reis A, Loguercio

AD, et al. Influence of a hydrophobic resin coating on the bonding efficacy of three

universal adhesives. J Dent.

212. 2014;42:595–602.

213. Sezinando A, Perdigão J, Regalheiro R, Dentin bond strengths of four adhesion

strategies after thermal fatigue and 6-month water storage J Esthet Rest Dent, 24

(2012), pp. 345-356

214. Sezinando A, Looking for the ideal adhesive – A review, Revista Portuguesa

de Estomatologia,

215. Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial 2014; 55(4): 194–206.

216. Diaz-Arnold AM, Vargas MA, Haselton DR. Current status of luting

agents for fixed prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent 1999;81:135-141

217. R. Narasimha Raghavan, Ceramics in Dentistry, Sintering of Ceramics – New

Emerging Techniques, on www.intechopen.com

218. Oh WS, Shen C. , Effect of surface topography on the bond strength of a

composite to three different types of ceramic, J Prosthet Dent. 2003 Sep;90(3):241-6.

219. D. A. Pîrvu, B.M. Gălbinașu, I. Pătrașcu, C.F Pârvu, D. Nițoi,

Evaluarea interfeţei ciment autoadeziv-mase ceramice prin teste de forfecare, Revista

Romana de Materiale, 2012 42(2), pp 193-203

220. Pisani-Proenca J, Erhardt MC, Valandro LF, Gutierrez-Aceves G, Bolanos-

Carmona MV, Del Castillo-Salmeron R, Bottino MA., Influence of ceramic surface

conditioning and resin cements on microtensile bond strength to a glass ceramic. J

Prosthet Dent. 2006 Dec;96(6):412-7.

221. Ivana Radovic, Francesca Monticelli, Cecilia Goracci, Zoran R. Vulicevic,

Marco Ferrari, Self-adhesive Resin Cements: A Literature Review, The journal of

adhesive dentistry 10(4):251-8, 2008

222. Bishara SE, Ostby AW, Ajlouni R, Laffoon JF, Warren JJ. , Early shear bond

strength of a one-step self-adhesive on orthodontic brackets. Angle Orthod,

2006;76:689-693.

223. Abo-Hamar SE, Hiller KA, Jung H, Federlin M, Friedl KH, Schmalz G., Bond

strength of a new universal self-adhesive resin luting cement to dentin and enamel.

Clin Oral Investig 2005;9:161-167

224. Goracci C, Cury AH, Cantoro A, Papacchini F, Tay FR, Ferrari M.,

Microtensile bond strength and interfacial properties of self-etching and self-adhesive

resin cements used to lute composite onlays under different seating forces. J Adhes

Dent 2006;8:327-335

225. Kumbuloglu O, Lassila LV, User A, Vallittu PK. Bonding of resin composite

luting cements to zirconium oxide by two air-particle abrasion methods. Oper Dent

2006;31:248-255

226. Piwowarczyk A, Lauer HC, Sorensen JA. In vitro shear bond strength of

cementing agents to fixed prosthodontic restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent

2004;92:265-273

227. ISO - Dentistry-Polymer based restorative materials

https://www.iso.org/standard/42898.html

228. REPORT no. 22/July 2016, Research and Development Ivoclar Vivadent AG,

9494 Schaan / Liechtenstein

229. Kerr endodontics, on https://www.kerrdental.com/en-eu/catalogues-download

230. Study conducted by Brown W., Bishop J., Park A., Fox L., Giordano E., Kugel

G., Perry R. (2015) Bond strength of several self-adhesive cements to enamel and

dentin.

231. 3M ESPE Competitive product Comparison, on

http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/321675O/relyx-unicem-maxcem-competitive-

comparison.pdf

232. D.I. Stoia, Modelarea, dezvoltarea și testarea implanturilor pentru coloana

vertebrală, Teza de doctorat, Ed. Politehnica Timisoara, 2008.

233. Resursa electronica, NURBS definition , http://www.rhino3d.com/nurbs.htm.

234. Duygu Koc,a Arife Dogan,b and Bulent Bekb, Bite Force and Influential

Factors on Bite Force Measurements: A Literature Review, Eur J Dent. 2010 Apr;

4(2): 223–232.

235. Resursa electonica, http://www.juniordentist.com/what-are-masticatory-

forces.html

236. Panjabi, M.M. and A.A. White, Biomechanics in the Musculoskeletal System.

2000: Churchill Livingstone.

237. Dvir, Z., Clinical Biomechanics (Clinics in Physical Therapy). 2000: Churchill

Livingstone.

238. White, A.A. and M.M. Panjabi, Clinical Biomechanics of the Spine. 1990:

Lippincott

239. Fung, Y.C., Biomechanics: Mechanical Proprieties of Living Tissues. 1993,

Berlin: Springer - Verlag.

240. Hollerbach, K., A.M. Hollister, and E.Ashby, 3-D Finite Element Model

Development for Biomechanics: A Software Demonstration. Sixth International

Symposium on Computer Simulation Biomechanics Tokyo, Japan, 1997.

241. Drăgulescu, D., Modelarea în biomecanică. 2005, Bucureşti: Editura Didactică

şi Pedagogică.

242. Mirela Toth-Tascau, Dan Ioan Stoia, Modeling and Numerical Analysis of a

Cervical Spine Unit, Biologically Responsive Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering pp

137-171, Springer, 2012

243. Kandziora, F. and K. Ludwing, Biomechanical assessment of four different

anterior atlantoaxial plates. North American Spine Society 15 th Annual Meeting,

2000.

244. Brinckmann, P., W. Frobin, and W.E.Gunnar, Musculoskeletal Biomechanics.

2000, Stuttgart - New York: Thieme.

245. Buzdugan, G., Rezistenţa materialelor. 1970, Bucureşti: Editura Tehnică.

246. Sarr M, Leye-Benoist F, Aidara AW, Faye B, Bane K and Touré B,

Characterization of the Resin Luting Materials: Percentage, Morphology and

Mechanical Properties, Journal of Dentistry and Oral Care Medicine, Volume 2 |

Issue 3, 2016

247. ESTECEM Plus, Technical Report Ver.1.0 (2017.07.21), Tokuyama Dental

248. T Furuichi, T Takamizawa, A Tsujimoto, M Miyazaki, WW Barkmeier, MA

Latta, Mechanical Properties and Sliding-impact Wear Resistance of Self-adhesive

Resin Cements, Operative Dentistry, 2016, 41-3

249. Flavia Zardo Trindade, Luiz Felipe Valandro, Niek de Jager, Marco Antonio

Bottino, Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan, Elastic Properties of Lithium Disilicate Versus

Feldspathic Inlays: Effect on the Bonding by 3D Finite Element Analysis, Journal of

Prosthodontics 00 (2016) 1–7

250. A. W. G. Walls, J. Lee, and J. F. McCabe, The bonding of composite resin to

moist enamel , BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL, VOLUME 191, NO. 3, AUGUST 11

2001

251. NS immes • WW Barkmeier RL Erickson • MA Latta, Adhesive Bond

Strengths to Enamel and Dentin Using Recommended and Extended Treatment Times,

©Operative Dentistry, 2010, 35-1, 112-119

252. Malek S., Darendeliler MA., Swain MV., Physical properties of root

cementum: Part I. A new method for 3-dimensional evaluation, Am J Orthod

Dentofacial Orthop. 120(2): 198-208, 2001

253. Petersen P.E.The World Oral Health Report 2003: Continuous Improvement of

Oral Health in the 21st century -The Approach of the WHO Global Oral Health

Programme. Geneva: WHO; 2003.

254. Bagramian R.A., Garcia-Godoy F., Volpe A.R.The global increase in dental

caries. A pending public health crisis. Am J Dent 2009, 22:3–8.

255. Kim Li R.W.et al.Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology:

State of the art. Journal of Prosthodontic Research 58.4 (2014): 208-216.

256. Kelly J.R.Dental ceramics: current thinking and trends. Dent Clin North

Am 2004;48(2):VIII, 513-530.

257. Denry I.L.Recent advances in ceramics for dentistry. Crit Rev Oral Biol

Med 1996;7(2):134-143.

258. Kelly J.R.The clinical success of all-ceramic restorations.The Journal of the

American Dental Association. 2008 Sep;139

259. Probster L., Geis-Gerstorfer J., Kirchner E., Kanjantra P.In vitro evaluation of

a glass-ceramic restorative material. J Oral Rehabil 1997; 24(9): 636-45

260. Ohyama T., Yoshinari M., Oda Y.Effects of cyclic loading on the strength of

all-ceramic materials. Int J Prosthodont 1999; 12(1):28-37

261. Sjögren G., Lantto R., Granberg A., Sundstrom B.O., Tillberg

A.Clinical examination of leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns (Empress) in

general practice: a retrospective study. Int J Prosthodont 1999; 12(2):122-8

262. Tafere Y, Chanie S, Dessie T, Gedamu H. Assessment of prevalence of dental

caries and the associated factors among patients attending dental clinic in Debre Tabor

general hospital: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health.

2018;18(1):119.

263. Kahar P, Harvey IS, Tisone CA, Khanna D. Prevalence of dental caries,

patterns of oral hygiene behaviors, and daily habits in rural central India: A cross-

sectional study. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dent 2016;14:389-96

264. Miglė Ž, Rūta G, Ingrida V, ristina S, Jaunė R, Eglė S. Prevalence and

severity of dental caries among 18-year-old Lithuanian

adolescents. Medicine. 2016;52:54–60.

265. Amare T, Asmare Y, Muchye G. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Associated

Factors Among Finote Selam Primary School Students Aged 12–20 years, Finote

Selam Town, Ethiopia. OHDM. 2016;15(1).

266. Liu L, Zhang Y, Wu W, Cheng M, Li Y, Cheng R (2013) Prevalence and

Correlates of Dental Caries in an Elderly Population in Northeast China. PLoS ONE

8(11): e78723.

267. Spitznagel F.A., Scholz K.J., Strub J.R., Vach K., Gierthmuehlen

P.C.Polymer-infiltrated ceramic CAD/CAM inlays and partial coverage restorations:

3-yearresults of a prospective clinical study over 5 years.Clin Oral Investig. 2017 Dec

6.

268. Collares K., Corrêa MB., Laske M., Kramer E., Reiss B., Moraes R.R.,

Huysmans M.C., Opdam N.J.A practice-based research network on the survival of

ceramic inlay/onlay restorations.Dent Mater. 2016 May;32(5):687-94.

269. Santos M.J., Freitas M.C., Azevedo L.M., Santos G.C.Jr., Navarro

M.F., Francischone C.E., Mondelli RF.Clinical evaluation of ceramic inlays and

onlays fabricated with two systems: 12-year follow-up.Clin Oral Investig. 2016

Sep;20(7):1683-90.

270. Beier U.S., Kapferer I., Burtscher D., Giesinger J.M., Dumfahrt

H.Clinical performance of all-ceramic inlay and onlay restorations in posterior

teeth.Int J Prosthodont. 2012 Jul-Aug;25(4):395-402

271. Borgia Botto E., Baró R., Borgia Botto J.L.Clinical performance of bonded

ceramic inlays/onlays: A 5-to 18-year retrospective longitudinal study.Am J Dent.

2016 Aug;29(4):187-192

272. Lange R.T., Pfeiffer P.Clinical evaluation of ceramic inlays compared to

composite restorations.Oper Dent. 2009 May-Jun;34(3):263-72.

273. Morimoto S., Rebello de Sampaio F.B., Braga M.M., Sesma N., Özcan

M.Survival Rate of Resin and Ceramic Inlays, Onlays, and Overlays: A Systematic

Review and Meta-analysis.J Dent Res. 2016 Aug;95(9):985-94

274. Farahnaz Nejatidanesh, Mehrak Amjadi, Mohadese Akouchekian, Omid

Savabi.Clinical performance of CEREC AC Bluecam conservative ceramic

restorations after five years—A retrospective study. Journal of Dentistry 43 (2015)

1076–1082.

275. Lauvahutanon S. et al. Mechanical properties of composite resin blocks for

CAD/CAM. Dental Materials Journal 33.5 (2014): 705-710.