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Parametrii de apreciere ai motoarelor de autovehicule sunt exprimati cu ajutorul unor

caracteristici care sunt reprezentari grafice ale unor marimi ce permit compararea cu alte

motoare similare si stabilirea comportarii in exploatare.

Pentru studiul dinamicii autovehiculelor se utilizeaza caracteristica de turatie la sarcina totala

a motorului sau caracteristica externa,care reprezinta curba de variatie a puterii efective si

momentul efectiv in functie de turatia saude viteza unghiulara a arborelui motor.In afara de acestea se reprezinta si curbule consumului

specific de combustibil si consumului orar de combustibil.

Unele uzine constructoare de motoare prezinta caracteristicile de turatie la sarcina totala pe

baza incercarilor efectuate fara ca acestea sa aiba montate elemente anexe:filtre de

aer,ventilatoare,tobe de esapament,radiatoare,etc.

In prezent,standardele privitoare la metodele de incercare a motoarelor difera de la o tara la

alta,in ceea ce priveste nr. de agregate anexe ce sunt montate pe motoare in timpul

incercarilor,volumul lucrarilor de incercare si conditiile de lucru.

Drept urmare,pentru unul si acelasi motor,se pot obtine caracteristici de turatie la sarcina

totala si partiale diferite,in functie de standardul dupa care

sau efectuat incercarile.Sa constatat ca rin cresterea turatiei peste valoarea maxima admisibila,puterea motorului se

reduce simtitor din cauza inrautatirii umplerii cilindrilor cu amestec carburant si sporirii

pierderilor mecanice din motor.Din aceste motive si in vederea evitarii solicitarilor dinamice

mari se recomanda ca la viteza maxima de deplasare tutatia max. sa nu depaseasca turatia

corespunzatoare puterii maxime decat cu !"...#"$.

Unele motoare cu aprindere prin scanteie sunt prevazute cu limitatoare de turatie,in vederea

maririi duratei de serviciu a motoarelor si a reducerii consumului de combustibil.

%oate motoarele cu aprindere prin comprimare sunt prevazute cu regulatoare de turatie.&ona

de functionare stabila a motorului este denumita

zona de stabilitate iar marimea acesteia este definita de coficientul de elasticitate.

In zona de stabilitate,variatia momentului este mai mult sau mai putin pronuntata'cu cat

cresterea momentului la scaderea turatiei este mai mare,cu atat motorul va restabili mai

repede echilibrul intre momentul rezistent,care a crescut si momentul motor dezvoltat.Se zice

ca motorul este mai suplu sau mai adaptabil la rezistentele de deplasare.(ceasta caracteristica

dinamica este definita prin coeficientul de suplete.

I)( *+"

*+"

-anufacturer : (utomotive udigsfelde

Production period : !/0+!//"

Predecessor : I)( S1""" !

Successor: I)( 0"

%he *+" 2 +" *erdau dt3 is built in the 4D5 !/0+!//" multipurpose truc6s of the industr7

association automotive industr7 2 I)(3 . ( total of +8! 89/ vehicles of this t7pe ere built.

%he production as performed at the automotive plants udigsfelde , but special vehicles

also came from other companies.

%he successor as also built in udigsfelde I)( 0" .

contents

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! istor7

# versions

#.! Production program *+" 2as of !/8" 3

#.# )ire Department

; iterature

1 See also

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igh pressure tires

)latbed truc6s suitcase vehicles Special vehicles tipper truc6s and tractortrailers )latbed

truc6s suitcase vehicles Special vehicles

platform ith ? ithout Plane ? A@> Aormal Ban %ruc6 for soil load ? ) feces vehicle

? @ ;S@+ threea7 tipper ? & road tractor ith flatbed ? Sp forarding flatbed truc6

ith a split tailgate , ith ? ithout cover frame and tarpaulin ? -@ -Cbel6offer vehicle

ith 1 sitzigem cab ? D ;" D ;" fire ladders for cre ! + people

P lorr7 ith h7draulic tail lift , face frame and tarpaulin ? A@P Aormal Ban %ruc6 Post ?

U Universal mounting mast !;m ? S tractor ithout combination reEuirements ? DS ;

flatbed truc6 ith h7draulic loading crane DS ; ? -@ > -Cbel6offer vehicle ith a

h7draulic tail lift and 1 sitzigem cab ? ) !0 ) !0 Cschgruppenfahrzeug for

extinguishing group ! 9 people

? >% >autruppfahrzeug ith !" sitzigem Fab ? I@> Isotherm6offerfahrzeug , for floor

load ? @() carcass vehicle ? S p and mil6 tan6s 2 ith insulating plastic containers 3 ?

D@ !#+" flatbed truc6 ith h7draulic loading crane D@ !#+" ? F dumpster vehicle

ith h7draulic loading crane

? I@St nitrogen refrigerated box

vehicle, for floor load ? 5@ street seeper ith righthand drive ? S p and Universal %an6

trailer 2 ith insulating plastic containers 3 ? )PS driving school vehicle ith dual steering

and 1 sitzigem cab

? * or6shop case vehicle ? S p ith platform trailers for containers and long material

? S p ith flatbed semitrailers , ith ? ithout cover frame and tarpaulin

?S-! tractor ith specific combination of reEuirements

?S-! p of compound feeding transport semitrailer* +" (

;#"" mm *heelbase

igh pressure tires ;#"" mm *heelbase

opressure tires

)latbed truc6s Special truc6s tipper road tractors ith tipping bod7 ;8""mm special vehicles

tractors ith tipping bod7

( ? P flatbed vehicle ith allheel drive , ith ? ithout plan

frame and tarpaulin ( ? ) manure vehicle ith allheel drive ( ? @ ;S@+ threea7

tipper ith allheel drive ( ? & ;S@+ road tractor ith Dreiseiten6ipp

construction , allheel drive , the train mass !0t ( ? %) !0 %an6lCschfahrzeug %) !0 for

extinguishing 4roup ! + people, ith allheel drive ( ? & #S@+ AD !#t tractor ith

&eiseiten6ippaufbau and allheel drive train mass

( ? @ -@ +?0 dump truc6 ith fourheel drive ( ? & ;S@+ AD !#t tractor ith three

a7 tipper and allheel drive train mass

Installation of street seepers @- #;"! D in the special vehicle factor7 in >erlin on right

hand drive vehicles based

Seeper @- #;"! *+" chassis

-an7 other variants arose at the customer ith partners such as:

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B I)( @arosserieer6e

B special vehicle factor7 in >erlin (dlershof

B fire extinguishers or6 uc6enalde

B @raftfahrzeuger6 = autruppfahrzeugen . %here ere also to different

heelbases available : the short ;,#"" mm long and ;,8"" mm. oever, this as onl7 in the

embodiments forarding trailer , truc6 mounted crane , ong Fab , -Cbel6offer as ell as

the fire brigade vehicles. )or militar7 vehicles, a s67light as installed in the cab on the

passenger side , the centrall7 located roof flap of the Fivil cab as accounted for . )or special

structures, such as seepers and some export mar6ets 5D ere offered.

%he *+" as poered b7 a fourc7linder four stro6e diesel engine 1 @BD !1,+ ? !# ithsirl chamber injection 2 !!" hp 3 , but this proved not to be stable. )rom !/08 to the 1 BD

as !1.+ ? !#! 2!#+ hp3 fitted ith direct injection and central ball firing process , from

!/8;, the 1 BD !1,+ ? !## .

In addition to the rearheel drive and a sitchable allheel drive 2 *+" (3 as

available. %he permissible trailer load as !" t . Speciall7 designed for use in agriculture ,

there as the *+" ( ? & 2 tractor3 . %his had a permitted trailer load of up to !0 tons , hich

had the advantage that could be driven especiall7 in the harvest season ith to trailers .

Specific use and lo pressure balloon tires ere provided in addition to the standard tires .

*ith allheel drive the *+" had a high crosscountr7 mobilit7 , hich is ver7 suitable for

areas ith poor transport netor6 and routes loose terrain made him both in the mountains ,

jungle and desert. 2 Its climbing abilit7 shoed the *+" at a test screening in !/09 in

Apstadion of >udapest, as the test driver drove up to the vehicle the stairs of the spectator

stands ith no problems up to the upper stadium edge . 3 G! H In addition to that the vehicle is

serviced ith personnel ith little training and could be repaired .

*+" on a postage stamp ;" (nniversar7 of the 4S% 2 !/9#3

oading of *+" heel drive ith militar7 eEuipment in the overseas port of 5ostoc6 for

export 2 !/9#3

*+" Destro7ed the IraEi arm7 at the end of the Second 4ulf *ar in !//!

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%he *+" G !H has been exported to more than 1" countries in #1" countr7specific models. ,

%he export rate as in the eighties up to 8" percent . In several