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Twin-tube shock absorber

Fig. 12.31 Twin tube shock absorber

Fig. 12.32 Twin tube shock absorbers:left two way fluid circulation; right one way fluid circulation

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Monotube shock absorber

Fig. 12.33 Monotube shock absorbersleft low pressure; right high pressure (in tube and lateral gas-chambers)

The Copen's optional Sports-pack shock absorber has a separate fluid chamber. It incorporatesa rubber lip seal not unlike the one in the Infiniti G35 and Peugeot shocks that helps absorb minute

high-frequency surface irregularities. Two suspension settings are available, the "Special-tune"

featuring firmer settings including a rear shock pair with outrigger low-pressure gas chambers.

Fig. 12.34 Schematic of a rotational hydraulic damperPrinzip des Hebel- oder Rotationsstodmpfers Ferrari F 2004:

der Hebel 3 ist ber die Welle 2 fest mit dem Flgel 4 verbunden, der den Innenraum des Gehuses1 in zwei lgefllte Kammern teilt; das Dmpfungsventil 5 sowie die Bohrungen 6 und 7 erlauben

ldurchtritt zwischen den Kammern

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12.4.2.Shock absorber valvesNon-adjustable valves

Fig. 12.35 Force-velocity properties of shock absorber valving

Fig. 12.36 Functioning of shock absorber valves:left compression travel; right rebound travel; a first stage (orifice);

b second stage (blow-off)

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Fig. 12.37 Valves functioning of de Carbon shock absorber:left compression travel; right rebound travel

Adjustable valves

Fig. 12.38 Proportional valves disposal: outside tube (left), inside tube (right)

Fig. 12.39 Proportional valve design and characteristics of a controlled damper MaseratiQuattroporte

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12.5.SPRING-DAMPER UNITS

Fig. 12.40 Motorcycle spring-damper unit with internal pressure chamber

Fig. 12.41 Motorcycle spring-damper unit with lateral pressure chamber

Fig. 12.42 Car air spring-hydraulic damper unit1 air; 2 nozzle; 3 bellow; 4 oil

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Fig. 12.43. Strut units of front drive-axlesleft coil spring and damper Peugeot 407; middle and right air spring and damper Mercedes

and ZF Sachs

Fig. 12.44. Corner modules containing the spring-damper unit, the knuckle and the brakes rotorand calliper are often produced by tier-one suppliers: left TRW; right - ArvinMeritor