Post on 01-Dec-2015
description
Dokumentnummer
Elemente de noutate în interconectarea sistemului energetic român
Interconectare la tensiune continuã( 29 Octombrie 2009 Bucharest)
Ing. Ecaterina DRĂGANDr. Ing. Georgel GHEORGHIŢĂ
S.C. FICHTNER ENGINEERING S.A.(Member of FICHTNER Group)
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer2
Advantaje ale Interconactarii Sistemelor Energetice
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
o Exploatarea economica a centralelor mari
o Reducerea Rezervelor de Putere din Sistem
o Utilizarea optima a resurselor
o Flexibilitate in alegerea locurilor de instalare de Centrale noi
o Cresterea fiabilitatii sistemului
o Reducerea pierderilor prin optimizarea modului de exploatare a sistemului
Dokumentnummer3
Optiuni privind Interconectarea Sistemelor Energetice FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer4
De ce Interconectare la tensiune continua ? FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Tensiunea continua:
-Este unica solutie pentru interconectarea a doua sisteme cu frecvente diferite
-Cand distanta de transport depaseste 600 km, devine mai economica decat solutia bazata pe tensiune alternativa
-Este unica solutie pentru legaturi in cablu submarin
Dokumentnummer5
HVDC principle
In a HVDC system, the electricity is:
- Taken from a 3-phase AC network - Converted to DC in a converter station- Transmitted by DC OHL or cable (underground or sub sea)- Converted back to AC in another converter station- Injected into AC network
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer6
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer7
Convertorul si cablele/linia de tensiune continua se pot configura monopolar sau bipolar functie de:
Puterea nominala de transferLungimea cablelor si/sau a linieiCost investitieCost pierderiFiabilitate si disponibilitateAnaliza economica a costurilor de operare Considerente privind impactul asupra mediului
Configuratii FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer8
HVDC configuration and operating modeFICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer9
Statia de conversieFICHTNER ENGINEERING
Partea centrala intr-un Convertor il reprezinta grupul de semiconductoare.
Puterea transferata intre grupul de semiconductoare si Sistem este tip trifazat
Cand sensul de transfer este dinspre Sistem spre semiconductoare Converterul functioneaza ca Redresor
Cand sensul de transfer este dinspre semiconductoare spre Sistem Converterul functioneaza ca Invertor
Dokumentnummer10
Ansamblul Transformator - SemiconductoareScopul functional al ansamblului Transformator – Semiconductoare este de a transforma tensiunea alternativa in tensiune continua. Schema cea mai utilizata este cu 12 module de semiconductoare in scopul preluarii tensiunilor defazate prin schemele stea si triunghi in secundar
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer11
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer12
Balance between reactive power requirement of the HVDC converter and reactive power output
Procesul de conversie din tensiune alternativa in tensiune continua bazat pe tehnologia clasica, implica cerinta de putere reactiva. Puterea reactiva este asigurata prin filtre instalate in partea de tensiune alternativa a Statiei de Conversie. Surplusul sau deficitul de putere reactiva este obiect al transferului din si catre Sistem.
In plus sunt instalate filtre pentru armonici pe partea de tensiune alternativa si de nivelare pe partea de tensiune continua
Filtre
Filter output
Converter requirement
Unbalance
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer13
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Cable submarine:
Cerinte:
Lungimi mari (joctiuni reduse)
Nivel ridicat de fiabilitate (control de fabricatie ce exclude defecte ascunse)
Durata de exploatare ridicata
Rezistenta mecanica adecvata transferului de pe vas in mare si a instalarii
Impact redus asupra mediului
Cerinte reduse de mentenanta
Factori privind selectia: Puterea de transfer si cerinte
specifice ale Sistemelor Traseu, caracteristici geologice si
date privind rezistivitatea si temperatura apei
Lungime traseu. Adancime Protectii impuse (adancime de
ingropare, activitate marina, vietuitoare marine)
Siguranta transferului de putere Cosiderente de mediu Criterii economice
Dokumentnummer14
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Submarine Cables.
Dokumentnummer15
Submarine, neutral and fibber optic cables for mono-polar schemes
For mono-polar HVDC schemes with metallic return cable, two schemes have been applied up to now:
- Medium voltage cable (~20 kV) laid at a distance of 20 to 40 m in parallel with the HVDC cable (for SwePol project)
- HVDC cable and metallic return cable (20 kV) bundled together, including fiber optical communication cable (for Basslink & Neptune Project).
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer16
For the classical bi-pole scheme various cable options are possible for the sea cable section. Three variants are shown as an example.:
- Two separately laid high voltage cables + separate fiber optic cable
- Two separately laid high voltage cables+ separate metallic return cable + separate fiber optic cable
- One combination of high voltage cable-metallic return cable-fiber optic cable + a second high voltage cable
Submarine and fibber optic cables for bi-pole schemesFICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer17
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Submarine Cable Laying
Dokumentnummer18
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer19
Land Cable Install
The HVDC and MVDC Land Cables install depends to the Client requirements and local experience. The sections lengths are normally minimum of 500m to a maximum of 1000m.Below is described the installing into polyethylene conduits. The conduits, one for each cable, have been preinstalled by means of “cut and cover trench excavation” techniques. The ducts were installed at 1300mm depth in a concrete surround with the appropriate spacing. The remainder of the trench were backfilled with excavated material.
Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) technique can be used to put conduit in place where trenching is not feasible, especially where the cable crossed the major transportation routes such as highways and train tracks. The drill length can be between a minimum of approx. 100m to a maximum of approx. 600m. The cables will be installed through the conduits by means of pulling winches with the aid of a low friction water resistant silicone based compound applied on the cable during the operation; this guaranteed a low friction between cable and conduit (less than 0,2) and no abrasion on the cable external sheath.
HVDC trench sections in Long Island and inside HDD. ( Neptune Project ).
Dokumentnummer20
Ground Electrode / Sea ElectrodeThe ground electrode of a HVDC system is required to provide an earth return circuit, permitting the current to flow into the earth in a mono-polar mode or others modes involving current discharges into the soil. Because of the large magnitude (on the order of kA) and great duration (days) of the ground return current, the design of the DC ground electrodes involves aspects ranging from electrical and thermal properties of the design to safety of people and animals in a large area around the electrode and adverse effects on metallic utilities in the vicinity of ground electrode.
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
The diameter of ground electrodes (D) is based on limiting the maximum step potential at the surface.
Assuming that the maximum step potential (E) = 5 V/m, the maximum electrode current (I) = 2000 A and the burial depth (h) = 2.5 m, a typical value of the diameter D for a soil resistivity (ρ) = 100 Ohm-m would be 810 m.
Dokumentnummer21
Ground Electrode / Sea ElectrodeCriteria for Separation Distances between Electrode and Other Facilities
1. Electrical substations with grounded neutral transformers 15 km2. Major oil and gas pipelines 8 km3. Urban gas, water and sewer lines 5 km 4. Submarine cables 5 km 5. Concentric neutral power cables 5 km 6. Communication cables 3 km 7. Transmission Lines 2 km8. Steel wharfs 1 km 9. Bridges 1 km 10. Railway tracks 2 km 11. Buried metal tanks 1 km 12. Large reinforced concrete structures 1 km 13. Rural power distribution 2 km
Dokumentnummer22
HVDC Line
Dokumentnummer23
Schematic View of a Bipolar HVDC Transmission Line.
NOTES:- Ions produced by corona at each conductor bundle, travel along electric-field lines to the conductors of opposite polarity and to ground in the absence of wind
-The values of electric field in case of +/- 500 kV are in range of 40 kV/m under poles and 15 kV/m at 25 m far from line axis
-+
- Insulation, tower elements and conductors of the “+” pole are covered in time withLichen and dust
- Insulation, tower elements and conductors of the “-” pole are clean, not subject of Lichen or dust depots
Dokumentnummer24
CABLE – HVDC Line TRANZITION YARD
Dokumentnummer25
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer26
The HVDC links in EuropeFICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer27
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer28
TRANSMISSION PLANNING EXPERIENCEFICHTNER – FICHTNER ENGINEERING
FOCUS: HVDC PROJECTS
FICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer29
1. Romania – Turkey HVDC Interconnector
Connection point with Romanian Power System: 400kV S/S Constanţa Nord;
Connection point with Turkish Power System: 400kV S/S Alybeiköy, in Asia;
The cables voltage level: 400 kV, or 500 kV;
The capacity: 600MW;
The length: about 400 km;
Losses on the cable:- in 600MW transfer: ~ 12MW;- in 500MW transfer: ~ 9MW Alibeyköy
FICHTNER ENGINEERINGTRANSELECTRICA
Dokumentnummer30
Romania – Turkey HVDC Interconnector overview
Submarine cable
400 kV S/SRomania
400 kV S/STurkey
or OHL or OHL
ROMANIA TURKEY
ELEMENT 01
TELConstanţa
NordSubstation
ELEMENT 07
TEIASAlibeyköy Substation
ELEMENT 02TEL
Converter station and
link to Constanţa
Nord substation
ELEMENT 06
TEIASConverter
station and link to
Alibeyköy substation
ELEMENT03
TELUnderground cable between
converter station and HVDC cable
connection
ELEMENT03
TELUnderground cable between
converter station and HVDC cable
connection
ELEMENT04
HVDC cable
BLACK SEA
FICHTNER ENGINEERINGTRANSELECTRICA
Dokumentnummer31
PROJECT LocationType of DCconverter
Lengthand type
of DC OH line or cable
NetPower(finalstage)
MW
DCVoltage
kV
Intendedyear of
operation(first
stage)
FichtnerScope
Sarawak
Pen. Malaysia
Bakun -
Bentong
One bipole
Line commutated
1000 km Overhead
Lineand
676 km submarine
cable
1600 ±500 2015 Conceptual design
Specification
Construction supervision
Ethiopia-Kenya
Sodo (Ethiopia)
-Longonot(Kenya)
One bipoleGround return
Linecommutated
1066km
OHLbipolar
2000 ±500 2014 Feasibility
Environ. study
Resettlement
HVDC TRANSMISSION PLANNING- CURRENT PROJECTS
FICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer32
PROJECT Location Type of DCconverter
Lengthand type
of DC OH line or cable
NetPower(final
stage)
MW
DCVoltage
kV
Intendedyear of
operation(first
stage)
FichtnerScope
NorGerCable
Tonstad(Norway)
Moorriem(Germany)
One bipole
Line commutated
630 km subsea
cable 50 km land
cable50 km
overhead line
1400 ±500 2015 Feasibility study
Georgia –Turkey
Akaltsikhe(Georgia)
Three back- to back blocks
3x350 MW
Optim.in
manuf.phase
2013 Conceptual design
Specific.
Constr. superv.
HVDC TRANSMISSION PLANNING- CURRENT PROJECTS
FICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer33
PROJECT Location Type of DCconverter
Lengthand type of DC
OH line or cable
NetPower(final
stage)
MW
DCVoltage
kV
Intendedyear of
operation(first
stage)
FichtnerScope
SAPMPRD Congo
Inga
Kolwezi
Two BipolesGround Return
Line commutated
1700 km 1000 ± 500 2012 Rehabilitation concept for the existing bipole
Specification of rehabilitation and new works
Construction supervision
HVDC TRANSMISSION PLANNING- CURRENT PROJECTS
FICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer34
MAJOR PROJECT OF REGIONAL IMPORTANCE (Interconnection Ethiopia- Kenya to Tanzania and Uganda)
PLANNING HORIZON 2008-2030
1066 km, remote hydropower from Gilgel Gibe II and IIIWOLAYTA SODO (ETHIOPIA) to LONGONOT (KENYA)
Phase 1 - target capacity 1000 MW Phase 2 - target capacity 2000 MW
Conventional bipole, four converters per pole in final stage, line commutated 500 kV 1066 km bipolar OHL Ground return, ground electrode line
2. KENYA-ETHIOPIA – HVDC PROJECT KEY DATAFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer35
KENYA – ETHIOPIA- RECOMMENDED HVDC CONCEPTFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer36
Norway: dominated by hydro
power (almost 100% of the entire production) dry / wet years determine
production output 50% of Europe‘s storage
capacity
Germany:Mix of different generation:
thermal powernuclear power
Increasing share of wind power
3. NorGer HVDC CABLE LINK- FEASIBILITY STUDIES
Dokumentnummer37
• 630 km HVDC submarine cable connection, 50 km land cable, 50 km OHL
• 1400 MW in one stage • Commissioning: 2015• “Market coupling” as operation
principle• ‘Merchant’ cable• Compensation for the fluctuation in
German wind power production by Norwegian hydropower
• Increased the security of power supply in Norway (power shortage in dry years)
• System and balancing services
NorGer Cable - HVDC KEY PROJECT DATA
Dokumentnummer38
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT Construction phase pollution of sea through sediments bird and fish fauna interference Operation phasemagnetic field warming of seabed bird and fish fauna interference during cable repairs
Crossing of national park and protected areas necessaryTime-consuming permitting procedures for land cable sections to HVDC terminals
NorGer Cable - HVDC KEY PROJECT DATA
Dokumentnummer39
IMPACTS ON NAVIGATION
Crossing of heavy shipping traffic necessary
Solutions to minimize impacts on navigation required in the construction and operation phases
NorGer HVDC Cable – TECHNICAL CHALLENGES
Dokumentnummer40
MULTI-INFEED HVDC INTERFERENCE (on the Norway side, hydropower exporter to Northern Europe)Increasing number of merchant HVDC links in a same system area creates technical problems, especially for Line Commutated Converters. Sympathetic commutation failures► Sequential restarting strategy of the HVDC terminals must be designed on a regional base with close cooperation of all TSOsSharing of the Short Circuit Capacity ►Short circuit capability must be “shared” between the HVDC terminals
NorGer HVDC Cable – TECHNICAL CHALLENGES
Dokumentnummer41
MULTI-INFEED HVDC INTERFERENCE (on the Norway side, hydropower exporter to Northern Europe)Increasing number of merchant HVDC links in a same system area creates technical problems, especially for Line Commutated Converters. Sympathetic commutation failures► Sequential restarting strategy of the HVDC terminals must be designed on a regional base with close cooperation of all TSOsSharing of the Short Circuit Capacity ►Short circuit capability must be “shared” between the HVDC terminals
NorGer HVDC Cable – TECHNICAL CHALLENGES
Dokumentnummer42
INGA – KOLWEZI HVDC LINK REHABILITATION
FICHTNER`s SCOPE of WORKREHABILITATION CONCEPT, SPECIFICATION, TENDER EVALUATION, CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION
PROJECT OBJECTIVES Make available huge hydro power potential at INGA (RD Congo) to the poorly developed KATANGA (Shaba) region and to export to North Zambia and SAPP countries
4. SOUTHERN AFRICAN POWER MARKET PROJECTFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer43
KEY DATAProject start /finish 2009/2011First stage 500 MWSecond stage 1000 MWHVDC converter two bipoles in final stage Voltage ± 500 kVBipolar OH line length 1700 kmREHABILITATION SCOPE IN STAGE 1Replacement of the valves Replacement of the control and protection system Refurbishment of the AC equipment and auxiliaries
INGA – KOLWEZI HVDC LINK REHABILITATION
FICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer44
INGA – KOLWEZI HVDC LINK REHABILITATIONFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer45
INGA – KOLWEZI HVDC LINK REHABILITATIONFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer46
GEORGIA-TURKEY AKHALTSIKHE HVDC BACK TO BACKFICHTNER`s SCOPE of WORKPhase I- concept development- preparation of tender documents- tendering and bid evaluation- contracting Phase II- design review and approval- shop testing- construction and contract supervision- supervision of commissioning and taking over assistance duringfirst 3 months of operation
5. BLACK SEA TRANSMISSION NETWORK PROJECTFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer47
KEY DATA:Project start /finish 2009/2013First stage 700 MWSecond stage 1050 MWHVDC converter three blocks
PROJECT OBJECTIVES:Export of hydropower from Georgia- Kudhoni
GEORGIA-TURKEY AKHALTSIKHE HVDC BACK TO BACKFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer48
GEORGIA-TURKEY AKHALTSIKHE HVDC BACK TO BACKFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer49
6. BAKUN INTERCONNECTIONFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer50
PROJECT OBJECTIVE
INTERCONNECTION OF THE 2400 MW BAKUN HEP (STATE OF SARAWAK) WITH TNB (PENINSULAR MALAYSISA) IN 2015/16 OVER A 676 km CABLE THROUGH THE SOUTH CHINA SEA, 300 km OHL in PENINSULAR MALAYSIA, 700 km OHL in SARAWAK
EXPORT TO PENINSULAR MALAYSIA PLANNED WITH 800 MW CAPACITY IN 2015, DOUBLED TO 1600MW IN 2016.
BAKUN INTERCONNECTIONFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer51
1600 MW HVDC Link, ±500 kV2 x 676 km Submarine Cables1000 km Bipolar Overhead Line
Converter Stations US$ 500 millionSubmarine Cables US$ 2000 millionHVDC Overhead Transmission Lines US$ 800 millionTotal US$ 3200 million
BAKUN INTERCONNECTION - Project Cost EstimationFICHTNER - FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer52
TRANSMISSION EXPERIENCE( INTERNATIONAL )
FOCUS: HVDC SEA CROSSING PROJECTS
Dokumentnummer53
1. HVDC Gotland (The HVDC pioneer - The first commercial HVDC Light project )
Scheme GOTLAND 1 GOTLAND 2 GOTLAND 3
Commissioning year
1970 1983 1987
Power transmitted, MW
(20) + 10 130 130
Direct voltage, kV (100) + (50) 150 150
Converters per stations
(2) + (1) 1 1
Cable arrangement
1 cable, ground return
1 cable, ground return
1 cable
Length of cable 96 km 96 km 96 km
Grounding of the DC circuit
for full current in two sea electrode stations
for full current in two sea electrode stations
for full current in two sea electrode stations
Power Company Statens Vattenfallsverk, Vällingby, SWEDEN
Statens Vattenfallsverk, Vällingby, SWEDEN
Statens Vattenfallsverk, Vällingby, SWEDEN
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer54
2. Cross-Skagerrak 1 and 2 (between Norway and Denmark)
Scheme SKAGERRAK 1 & 2
Commissioning year
1976-1977
Power transmitted, MW
500
Direct voltage, kV ±250
Converters per stations
2
Cable arrangement 1 cable per pole
Length of cable 127 km
Grounding of the DC circuit
for full current in two ground electrode stations
Power Company Statkraft, NORWAYElsam, DENMARK
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer55
3. HVDC Cross-Channel (between UK and France)
The HVDC Cross Channel is the high voltage direct current connection that operates under the English Channel between the French and British electricity grids.
Cross Channel 1
Transmission voltage: 100 kV Length: 64 km Monopolar HVDC system Power: 160 MW Commisioning: 1961 Type of cable: MI
Cross Channel 2
Transmissionvoltage: 270 kV Length: 8x46 km Monopolar HVDC system Power: 2000 MW Commisioning: 1986 Type of cable: MI
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer56
4. HVDC Inter-Island (between the islands of New Zealand)
The Inter-Island HVDC link is the high voltage direct current connection between the two main islands of New Zealand, put into service in 1965.
Transmission voltage: 400 kV
Length: 40 km undersea Cook Strait
Bipolar HVDC system
Power: 1200 MW
Commisioning: 1965 and upgraded in 1993
Type of cable: MI
During this upgrade the static inverters that usethe mercury arc valves were modified and switched in parralel In 2007, Pole 1 was shut down for a new Pole 2
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer57
5. HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia (SACOI, between Italy, Corsica and Sardinia)
The HVDC Italy-Corsica-Sardinia (also called SACOI) is used for the exchange of electric energy between the static inverter plant Suvereto on the Italian mainland, the static inverter plant Lucciana on Corsica and the static inverter plant Codrongianos on Sardinia.
Transmission voltage: 200 kV Length: 2x103+2x15 km Monopolar first/Bipolar HVDC system Power: 2x100/from 1992- 2x150 MW Commisioning: 1965 Type of cable: MI
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer58
6 Konti-Skan (between Sweden and Denmark)
Scheme KONTI-SKAN 1 KONTI-SKAN 2
Commissioning year
1965/disconnected in 2006
1988
Power transmitted, MW
250 300
Direct voltage, kV 250 300
Converters per stations
1 1
Cable arrangement Mono-polar system
Mono-polar system
Length of cable 87 km 88 km
Power Company SVENSKA KRAFTNÄT, SWEDENENERGINET, DENMARKENEL, ITALYPPC, GREECE
KONTI-SKAN 1 KONTI-SKAN 2
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer59
7. HVDC Vancouver Island (between Vancouver Island and the Canadian mainland)
The HVDC Vancouver Island is the name for HVDC interconnection between the Vancouver Island Terminal (VIT) on Vancouver Island and the Arnott Substation (ART) on the Canadian mainland.
Transmission voltage: 260/280 kV
Length: 33 km
Monopolar HVDC system light
Power: 312+370 MW
Commisioning: 1968,upgraded in 1977with another pole
Type of cable: MI
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer60
8. Fenno-Skan (between Sweden and Finland)Scheme FENNO-SKAN
Commissioning year 1989
Power transmitted, MW 500
Direct voltage, kV 400
Converters per stations 1
Cable arrangement 1 cable
Length of cable 200 km
Grounding of the DC circuit
for full current in two sea electrode
Power Company Statens Vattenfallsverk, Vällingby, SWEDENImatran Voima oy, FINLAND
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer61
9. BALTIC – CABLE (between Germany and Sweden)
Scheme BALTIC
Commissioning year
1994
Power transmitted, MW
600
Direct voltage, kV 450
Converters per stations
1
Cable system 1 cable
Length of cable 250 km
Power Company E.ON Sverige AB,SWEDENStatkraft Energi AS, NORWAY
Converter station in Germany
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer62
10. HVDC Hokkaido-Honschu (Japan)
The HVDC Hokkaidō-Honshū is a high voltage direct current transmission line for the interconnection of the power grids of Hokkaidō and Honshū.
Transmission voltage: 250 kV
Length: 2x42 km
Monopolar HVDC system
Power: 300 MW
Commisioning: 1994
Type of cable: SCFF
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer63
11. Kontek (between Germany and Denmark)The Kontek (the name comes from "continent" and the name of the former Danish power transmission company "Elkraft", which operated the power grid on the Danish islands Lolland, Falster and Sealand and had the abbreviation "ek")
Transmission voltage: 400 kV
Length: 45 km
Monopolar HVDC system
Power: 600 MW
Commisioning: 1996
Type of cable: OF(oil-filled)
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer64
12. HVDC Leyte - Luzon (between Leyte and Luzon)
The HVDC Leyte - Luzon is a high voltage direct current transmission link in the Philippines between geothermal power plants on the island of Leyte and the southern part of island of Luzon.
Transmission voltage: 350 kV
Length: 21 km
Monopolar HVDC system
Power: 440 MW
Commisioning: 1998
Type of cable: MI
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer65
13. Kii Channel HVDC system (through Kii-channel, Japan)
The Kii Channel HVDC system is at present the most powerful submarine cable high voltage direct current transmission system in the world. The Kii Channel HVDC system connects the static inverter plant at Anan on Shikoku with the static inverter plant at Kihoku on the island Honshū.
Transmission voltage: 2x250 kV
Length: 4x50 km
Bipolar HVDC system
Power: 2x1400 MW
Commisioning: 2000
Type of cable: SCFF
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer66
14. HVDC Italy-Greece
Scheme ITALY-GREECE
Commissioning year 2000
Power transmitted, MW 500
Direct voltage, kV 400
Converters per stations 1
Cable arrangement 1 land and 1 sea cable
Length of cable 200 km (40+160km)
Grounding of the DC circuit
for full current in two sea electrode stations
Power Company ENEL, ITALYPPC, GREECE
Monopole with metallic return
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer67
15. SwePol (between Poland and Sweden)
SwePol is the designation of a 245 kilometre long monopolar HVDC submarine cable between Stärnö peninsula just outside Karlshamn, Sweden, and Słupsk in Poland.
Transmission voltage: 450 kV Length: 245 km Monopolar HVDC system Power: 600 MW Commisioning: 2000 Type of cable: XLPE Monopole with
Midpoint Grounded
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer68
16. HVDC Moyle (between Scotland and Northern Ireland)
The HVDC Moyle is the HVDC link between Auchencrosh in Scotland and Ballycronan More in Northern Ireland
Transmission voltage: 250 kV
Length: 2x55 km
Two Monopolar HVDC system
Power: 2x250 MW
Commisioning: 2001
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer69
17. Cross Sound Cable (between New York's Long Island and Connecticut, USA)
The Cross Sound Cable Project (CSC) is a HVDC transmission system that interconnects the electricity market regions of New England and New York.
Transmission voltage: +/- 110 kV
Length: 2x42 km
Bipolar HVDC system
Power: 330 MW
Commissioning: 2002
Type of insulation: XLPE-polymer
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer70
18. Neptune (between New Jersey-Long Island)
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer71
19. BASSLINK (between Victoria, Australia and Tasmania, Australia)
Basslink is a HVDC link crossing Bass Strait, connecting the Loy Yang Power Station, Victoria on the Australian mainland to the George Town substation in northern Tasmania.Transmission voltage: 400 kV Length: 290 km Monopolar metallic return scheme Power rating: 500 MW Commissioning: 2006 Type of insulation: MI
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer72
20. Estlink (between Estonia and Finland) The main purpose of the Estlink connection is to sell electricity produced in the Baltic to the Nordic electricity market, and to secure power supply in both regions.
• Transmission voltage: +/-150 kV • Length: 2x74 km • HVDC Light transmission technology• Power: 350 MW• Commisioning: 2006• Type of insulation cable: polymer
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer73
20. Estlink (between Estonia and Finland)
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer74
21.HVDC NorNed (between Norway and Netherlands)
The 580 kilometer-long NorNed link is the longest submarine high-voltage cable in the world. This HVDC transmission link is connecting the power grids of Norway and the Netherlands and enables power trading between the two countries and increases the reliability of electricity supply.
Transmission voltage: ±450 kVLength: 2x580 kmBipolar HVDC systemPower: 700 MWCommisioning: 2007Power company: Statnett, NORWAY
TenneT, NETHERLAND
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer75
HVDC ProjectsFICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer76
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer77
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer78
FICHTNER ENGINEERING
Dokumentnummer79
FICHTNER ENGINEERING