NOTIUNI ELEMENTARE DE LIMBA ENGLEZA PENTRU ELECTRICIENI

INOVAREA I REVITALIZAREA MEDIULUI RURAL -Proiect cofinanat din Fondul Social European prin Programul Operaional Sectorial Dezvoltarea Resurselor Umane 2007-2013 -CONTRACT: POSDRU/135/5.2/S/126607

SUPORT DE CURS (M4-EN) CALIFICAREA ELECTRICIAN nivel 2,COR 713701, elaborat ing. Gheorghe Buctaru - Formator Pag 1 din 22

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Cod COR: 713701

Nivelul de instruire: 2 (studii medii)

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Vocabular n limba englez (nvai din imagini !) Pag.03

Texte tehnice n limba englez (traduse orientativ n limba romn) Pag.19



Vocabular n limba englez (nvai din imagini !)

incandescent lamp Lamp in which a filament heated by an electric current produces light rays.

lead-in wire Electric conductor carrying the current to the filament. inert gas Gas inserted in the bulb to slow down evaporation of the filament. base Metal end of a lightbulb inserted into a socket to connect it to the electric circuit. exhaust tube Glass tube used to empty the air from the bulb and then to fill it with inert gas before it is sealed. pinch Part in which the lead-in wires are attached. heat deflecting disc Metal disc placed at the entrance of a lamps neck to protect the pinch and the base from the heat. stem Button support. button End of the stem; the filament supports are attached to it.



support Metal wire holding the filament. filament Very thin metal wire, usually made of tungsten, emitting light rays when an electric current passes through it. bayonet base Base fitted with two short metal pins so that it can be placed in the corresponding socket. screw base Base fitted with a screw pitch so it can be inserted into the corresponding socket. bulb Gas sealed in a glass envelope into which the luminous body of a lamp is inserted.

tungsten-halogen lamp Lamp that is brighter and lasts longer than a traditional incandescent lamp, but that lets off more heat.

contact Metal part that establishes electric contact between the base of a lightbulb and the socket. base Metal end of a lightbulb inserted into a socket to connect it to the electric circuit. electric circuit Lamp component allowing the electric current to circulate through the tungsten filament.



inert gas Gas inserted in the bulb to slow down evaporation of the filament; iodine or bromine are added as they combine with the tungsten at high temperatures. tungsten filament Very thin metal wire emitting light rays when an electric current passes though it. filament support Metal wire holding the filament. bulb Gas sealed in a glass envelope into which the luminous body of a lamp is inserted. tungsten-halogen lamp Lamp that is brighter and lasts longer than a traditional incandescent lamp, but that lets off more heat. pin Cylindrical metal part that establishes electric contact when inserted into the corresponding outlet.

fluorescent tube [1] Tube in which the electric current produces ultraviolet radiation converted into visible light by a layer of a fluorescent substance.

pin Cylindrical metal part that establishes electric contact when inserted into the corresponding outlet. bulb Long glass cylinder enclosing the components of this type of tube and diffusing light. pin base End of the tube equipped with two pins that, when inserted into the socket, connect the tube with the electric circuit.



fluorescent tube [2] Tube in which the electric current produces ultraviolet radiation converted into visible light by a layer of a fluorescent substance.

pin Cylindrical metal part that establishes electric contact when inserted into the corresponding outlet. bulb Long glass cylinder enclosing the components of this type of tube and diffusing light. pin base End of the tube equipped with two pins that, when inserted into the socket, connect the tube with the electric circuit. pinch Part in which the lead-in wires are attached. exhaust tube Glass tube used to empty the air from the bulb and then to fill it with inert gas before it is sealed. lead-in wire Electric conductor carrying the current to the filament. gas The tube is filled with an inert gas under low pressure, with mercury added. mercury A small amount of vaporized mercury, added to the gas, emits ultraviolet radiation during the electric discharge. electrode A device placed at each end of the tube; an electric discharge arcs between the two of them. phosphorescent coating The tubes internal coating; it is composed of phosphate particles that convert ultraviolet rays into visible light.



energy-saving bulb Bulb whose electricity consumption is lower and its life longer than an incandescent bulb.

base Metal end of a lightbulb inserted into a socket to connect it to the electric circuit. fluorescent tube Tube in which the electric current produces ultraviolet radiation converted into visible light by a layer of a fluorescent substance. housing electronic ballast Device stabilizing the electric current, ensuring that the light switches on instantly, without blinking. mounting plate Plate on which the lamps working devices are attached. tube retention clip Part into which the fluorescent tube is inserted to connect it. bulb Gas sealed in a glass envelope into which the luminous body of a lamp is inserted.



distribution panel Set of devices forming the junction of the public electricity grid and the electric circuits of a dwelling.

ground connection Metal conductor attached to the ground wire in order to ground the entire circuit. ground wire Wire conducting the current from the ground/neutral bus bar to the ground connection in the event of a short circuit. terminal Part of the ground/neutral bus bar to which a neutral wire and the ground wire of a circuit are attached. ground/neutral bus bar Receives the current from the neutral grounded wires of the various circuits and conducts them to the neutral service wire and the ground connection. neutral wire Wire having no electric charge that allows the current to return to the distribution panel and the grid.



ground fault circuit interrupter Device reducing the risk of electric shock in a humid place in the event of an accidental leak of current to the ground. single circuit breaker Protection device for a 120-volt circuit that, in the event of overload, is released and thus cuts off electricity to the circuits. double circuit breaker Protection device for a 240-volt circuit that, in the event of overload, is released and thus cuts off electricity to the circuits. main breaker Mechanism controlling the supply of electricity to the hot bus bars; it allows the current to all the dwellings circuits to be cut. knockout Partially cut-out metal part that can be removed if needed in order to attach a supplementary cable to the panel. bonding jumper Screw inserted into the metal box of the panel allowing it to be connected to the neutral hot bus bar. plastic insulator Plate made of nonconductive material preventing the hot bus bars from coming in contact with the back of the panel. ground Part connecting the neutral hot bus bar that allows the current from the circuits neutral wires to be transferred to the neutral service wire. hot bus bar Conductive part of the panel into which the breakers for each circuit are plugged. 120-volt circuit Composed of one live wire, one neutral wire and one grounded wire; it allows electricity to reach a small appliance or a light. 240-volt circuit Composed of two lives wires, one neutral wire and one grounded wire; this allows electricity to reach devices requiring a lot of power. neutral service wire Wire having no electric charge that, via the neutral hot bus bar, returns the current from domestic circuits to the grid. ground bond Links the bonding jumper to the neutral hot bus bar. main power cable Live wire conducting the electric current. connector Device for screwing the electric-connection conduit to the panel box. 240-volt feeder cable Cable consisting of three wires, one neutral and two live, conducting an electric current from the grid to the distribution panel.



network connection Set of equipment and conductors allowing a customers electric installation to be connected to the public grid.

fuse Electric connection device devised for interrupting the current in the event of electric overload by melting one of its components.

examples of fuses



distribution panel Set of devices forming the junction of the public electricity grid and the electric circuits of a dwelling. service box Metal box containing the main switch. main switch Mechanism allowing a dwellings current to be cut off. electricity meter Device measuring the consumption of electricity by a dwelling.

cover base full-load adjustment screw Screw adjusting the rotation speed of the disk so that it corresponds to high consumption, such as in large appliances requiring a great deal of electricity. dial disk Aluminum plate that turns as the current flows through the meter; the number of times it rotates is proportional to the amount of electricity consumed. consumer number light-load adjustment screw Screw allowing the rotation speed of the disk to be adjusted so that it corresponds to light consumption, such as from a lamp, toaster or ceiling fan. nameplate Plate bearing the various features of an electric meter. register Metering system measuring a dwellings electricity consumption expressed in kilowatt hours (kWh).



distributor service loop Set of conductors extending the distribution line to the customers connection point. ground wire Metal conductor inserted into the ground ensuring that accidental electric leakages are conducted to the earth. low-tension distribution line Overhead electricity-distribution line with a maximum tension of 750 volts; its conductors are located under the transformer. overhead connection The equipment and overhead conductors that connect a subscribers electric system to the public distribution network.

brace Slanted part that connects the pole to the crossarm to hold it in place horizontally. fuse Protection device for the electric circuit; it falls from the fuse holder to cut the current in the event of a surge. fuse cutout Unit that consists of a fuse and a fuse holder. terminal Part on which low-tension distribution line conductors are joined to the transformers. transformer Device that alters electric voltage; voltage is decreased before being distributed by low-tension lines to areas of consumption. insulator Piece of nonconducting material that connects the distribution line conductors to the support.



supply point Place where the customers service entrance is connected to the low-tension distribution line. low-tension distribution line Overhead line that distributes electricity up to a voltage of 750 V; its conductors are located under the transformer. bushing Insulator and point where the current enters the medium-tension transformer. fuse holder Electric junction point where the fuse is attached and on which it articulates so the fuse can fall over. lightning arrester Device that protects the electric facilities from power surges caused by lightning. crossarm Horizontal element located at the top of an electricity pole; insulators are attached to it. medium-tension distribution line Overhead line that distributes electricity at a voltage between 750 and 50,000 V; its conductors are located at the top of electricity poles. hot line connector Linking piece with a bolt, which is tightened to bring together two conductors to establish an electric connection between them. insulator Piece of nonconducting material that connects the distribution line conductors to the support.

medium-tension distribution line Overhead electricity-distribution lines with tension between 750 and 50,000 volts; its conductors are located at the top of the poles.

neutral conductor Conductor of a distribution line that, connected to a neutral point of the grid, returns the current. supply point Place where the customers service entrance is connected to the low-tension distribution line. customers service entrance The customers portion of the electric hookup: from the service box to the connection point. connection point Place where the customers electric hookup is connected to the electric grid. phase conductor Live wire conducting the electric current.



contact devices [1] Examples of components that connect a device to an electric circuit.

European outlet Device fitted with sockets connecting an electric circuit to an electric device when the plug is inserted into it. contact devices [2] Examples of

Outlet - Device connecting an electric circuit that conducts the current to an electric device when a plug is inserted.



grounding prong Device connecting a circuits ground wire, which allows the current to be conducted to the ground connection in the event of a short circuit. blade Flat metal part inserted into the slot of an outlet to establish electric contact. socket-contact Hole intended to receive a plugs pin and establish electric contact. grounding prong Device connecting a circuits ground wire, which allows the current to be conducted to the ground connection in the event of a short circuit. plug adapter Electric accessory adapting a plug to an outlet of a different configuration. European plug End part of an electric wire equipped with pins that are inserted into the socket contacts of an outlet to establish contact. grounding socket Device connecting a circuits ground wire, which allows the current to be conducted to the ground connection in the event of a short circuit. cover Part covering the internal components of a plug. pin Cylindrical metal part that establishes electric contact when inserted into the corresponding outlet. clamp Metal part used for fastening a devices wire to the plug. terminal Part to which an electric wires conductors are attached. contact devices [3] Examples of components that connect a device to an electric circuit.

dimmer switch Switch for varying the brightness of a lighting installation. switch Mechanism allowing the current in an electric circuit to be established or interrupted. switch plate Protective plate covering an outlet or, in this case, a switch. electrical box Box housing the electric connections in order to protect the part of the dwellings frame upon which it is mounted.



parallel electrical circuit It is divided into independent branches, through which the current flows with partial intensity (in a series circuit, all the elements receive the same intensity).

branch Part of the circuit between two consecutive nodes; it constitutes an independent electric circuit. negative terminal Polarity element of the battery from which the current flows through the circuit. positive terminal Polarity element of the battery toward which the current flows through the circuit. direction of electron flow Electrons move from the negative terminal toward the positive terminal; this is opposite to the conventional direction of the current, which flows from the positive toward the negative. node Junction point of two or more branches in the electric circuit. shunt It enables each device to have its own circuit and to function independently. This way, if one lightbulb does not function, the current continues to flow in the rest of the circuit. bulb Gas sealed in a glass envelope into which the luminous body of a lamp is inserted. cells Devices that transform chemical energy into electric energy in order to power electric devices (here, a lightbulb).



battery Device composed of one or more interrelated cells; each one accumulates a reserve of electricity whose purpose is to supply electricity to the circuit. power source The current leaves the battery by the negative terminal, flows through the circuit to power the lightbulbs and returns to the battery by the positive terminal. switch Mechanism allowing the current in an electric circuit to be established or interrupted.

dynamo Continuous generator of electric current; it is used, for example, on bicycles for lighting.

field electromagnet Fixed electromagnet made up of an iron bar and coils; when exposed to an excitation current, it creates a magnetic field. commutator Conductive plates that are insulated from each other and connected to the field coil; they collect and rectify the induced alternating current. shaft Cylindrical part that transmits a rotational motion to the dynamos armature. frame Metal casing that houses the magnetic field. fan wheel Device with blades that circulates air to cool the dynamo. armature Moving part of the dynamo that is made up of a coil, which produces an electric current as it rotates inside the field. coil Conductive wire that is rolled around the armature cylinder, which rotates in the magnetic field produced by the inductor to create an electric current. brush Conductor that rubs against the commutator plates and transmits the continuous current produced by the dynamo to an exterior circuit.



alternator Generator of alternating current that is used especially in the automobile industry (powering electrical devices) and in power houses.

frame Metal casing that houses the magnetic field. shaft Rod that is rotated by the pulley, which in turn causes the claw-pole rotor to rotate. drive pulley Mechanical unit integrated with the shaft; it is rotated by a belt that is connected to an engine. collector rings Insulated conductor collars that are connected to the coil of the field; they gather the induced alternating electric current. brushes Conductive parts that rub against the collector rings and transmit the current produced by the alternator to an outside circuit. field winding Conductive wire on the cylinder rotor; when exposed to an excitation current, it creates a magnetic field. armature core Fixed cylinder with a winding; the rotor turns within it to produce the electric current. claw-pole rotor Moving cylindrical part made up of a field winding between two pole shoes; it creates the rotating magnetic field required to operate the alternator. armature winding Conductive wire on the armature; the rotor moves in front of it to produce an alternating current. fan wheel Device with blades that circulates air to cool the alternator.



Texte tehnice n limba englez (traduse orientativ i extins explicativ n limba romn)

Terminal blocks for distributed controls The terminal blocks feature Weidmullers standard setting, vibration-proof, and aintenance-free screw clamp termination. The units are electrically rated for 600V, 25A, and 26 to 12 AWG, and have UL and CSA approvals. A manufacturer of power transmission and control signal products offers a terminal block series for distributed control system marshalling applications. Weidmullers WMF 2.5 (Weidmuller Multi Function) is said to simplify wiring, reduce required cabinet space, and expand wire routing and signal distribution. Even with alternative technologies such as wind power, terminal blocks

play a crucial role in marshalling. The blocks provide a connection that ensures a clear arrangement of electrical circuits and a solution for signal termination in power generation industries. The series has a 5-mm width, and includes functions such as feed-through, fusing, and quick disconnects. The terminals include shielded or grounded connections, as well as three separate channels for parallel and series jumpering. It can also terminate each signal with a screw connection and offers the option to use a pre-assembled cable that features Weidmullers pluggable BLZ connectors. These can plug directly into a bank of terminal blocks, creating a plug-and-play option that reduces wiring time. The terminal-block series includes clearly identified, black fuse terminals equipped with a pivoting fuse holder. This feature allows quick and easy fuse replacement because the holder rotates upward, avoiding interference with adjacent terminals. The manufacturer says the 5-mm wide fuse terminal saves more space than existing fuse terminals of comparable electrical function. An optional LED status indicator tells when the fuse needs replacing. The LED circuit allows minimal leakage current (



Blocurile de cleme terminale (ir de cleme de panou) sunt caracterizate de standardul calitativ al produselor Weidmuller, pentru clemele cu urub i anume: sunt rezistente la vibraii, i nu necesit ntreinere. Clemele individuale sunt dimensionate electric pentru tensiuni de 600V, i intensiti de curent de 25A, i pot asigura conectarea conductorilor de dimensiuni 2612 AWG

(codul american), adic de la 0,129 mm2 la 3,31 mm2i au aprobri certificri UL i CSA.

1. 2. UL stands for Underwriters Laboratories,

an organization that has been around for more than 100 years. If you visit the UL Web site at www.ul.com, you can find the following description: "UL is a world leader in product safety testing and certification

3.

4. CSA International (formerly the Canadian

Standards Association) has been developing

standards and testing and certifying products to meet

standards. And while safety is a key concern, CSA

standards also cover other things like important

aspects of product performance. It's a popular

misconception that the CSA mark is a guarantee of

safety. Next time you see the mark on a product, this

is what you should know: A product bearing the CSA

mark tells users it has been tested under a formal

process and that it meets the safety and/or performance requirements of applicable standards.



Un productor de echipamente / aparate/ produse pentru transmisia puterii electrice (circuite de for) i a semnalelor electrice de comand / control (circuite de comand i de semnalizare) ofer o serie de blocuri terminale (cleme de ir) pentru aplicaii cu sisteme de control distribuite cu puncte control ( triaj al rutelor de cabluri).

Sistemul bloc de cleme WMF Weidmuller de 2,5 (Weidmuller Multifuncional), este destinat pentru a simplifica cablareai, pentru a reduce spaiul necesar conexiunilor / jonciunilor de conductoare din interiorul tabloului / panoului electric, i pentru a oferi o extindere comod i sigur a circuitelor / rutelor conductoarelor electrice i a distribuiei de semnal (electric).

Chiar i n cazul tehnologiilor alternative, cum ar fi energia eolian, blocurile terminale (irurilr de cleme) joac un rol crucial n triajul rutelor de conductoare.

irurile de cleme trebuiesc considerate ca zonele de triaj dintr-o gar unde se despart, se unesc, se multiplic, se ntorc diferitele ci pe care pot circula trenurile . Trenurile sunt semnalele electrice de comand.

Blocurile de cleme ofer conexiunea conductoarelor din circuitele electrice care asigur un aranjament clar al circuitelor electrice i o soluie de identificare a punctelor terminus pentru semnalele electrice care circul n sistemele de comand n instalaiile electrice de comand din industria de producere a energiei (electrice).

Seria de blocuri de cleme are o lime de 5 mm, i include funcii precum deconectarea rapid contact de trecere, siguran fuzibil. Blocurile de cleme includ cleme pentru conexiuni de continuitte a circuitelor de ecranare sau de pmntare, precum i trei canale separate pentru untare paralel i serie. Se poate realiza, de asemenea, un punct terminal pentru fiecare semnal cu o conexiune prin urub (se creaz o priz tip mam cu multe fire grup de cleme terminale - ) i ofer opiunea de a utiliza un cablu pre-asamblat care dispune de conectori (tip tat) ce pot fi introdui direct n priza mam (conectabilitate tip Weidmuller lui BLZ). Acest mod de conectare direct la un grup de cleme terminale creaz o opiune "plug-and-play", care reduce timpul de cablare.

Seria de blocuri terminale (ir de cleme) include n mod clar identificate, terminale (cleme) de sigurane negre echipate cu un suport pivotant pentru sigurana fuzibil. Aceast caracteristic permite nlocuirea rapid i uoar a siguranei deoarece suportul se rotete n sus, evitndu-se astfel interaciunea cu terminalele (clemele) adiacente. Productorul ne asigur c terminalul negru (clema) de 5-mm lime care conine sigurana fuzibil economisete mai mult spaiu dect orice alt terminal (clem) cu sigurane fuzibile existent pe pia care asigur aceeai funci electric comparabil. Un indicator de stare cu LED-uri, opional, ne spune cnd sigurana are nevoie de nlocuire. Circuitul cu LED-uri permite scurgere de curent minim (



Find the cable protection product that best suits your needs

Running cords and cables across floors and open space is a dangerous game if you don't employ some degree of cable protection.

Cord covers are the go-to solution for this problem, and we stock everything from light capacity covers for personal use to heavy duty, high visibility covers that can withstand vehicle traffic on your jobsite.

There are many other examples available for a variety of specialized applications, including fabric cord covers, and extension cords that offer both cable protection and built-in power and data connections.

Most forms of cable protection aren't just to keep the cables themselves safe, but also the people who may come into contact with them by minimizing the trip hazard caused by exposed wiring on the ground. Some items go even further in the pursuit of safety, such as our low-profile ADA compliant handicap ramps that provide safe access for those in wheelchairs.

Traducere / interpretare n limba romn

Gsii produsul / modelul de protecie a cablului, care se potriveste cel mai bine nevoilor dumneavoastr

Pozarea / ntinderea firelor i cablurilor electrice pe podele i pe jos n spaii deschise este un joc periculos, dac nu se va folosi un anumit grad de protecie pentru cablu. Capacele de acoperire / protejare a cablurilor ntinse pe jos sunt soluia la care trebuie apelat (soluia la care trebuie s te duci) pentru aceast problem, i noi avem n stoc totul pentru problema asta, de la capace pentru sarcin uoar bune pentru uz personal, pn la capace pentru sarcini grele, de mare vizibilitate care pot rezista la traficul vehiculelor peste ele la locaia unde dumneavoastr le vei utiliza. Exist multe alte exemple disponibile pentru o varietate de aplicaii specializate, inclusiv capace de acoperire cabluri din textile (de exemplu asemntoare cu covorul sau mocheta dvs.), i capace prelungitoare, care ofer att de protecie ct i conexiuni ncorporate pentru cablu de alimentare i conexiuni pentru cabluri de date. Cele mai multe forme ale capacelor de protecie pentru cabluri ntinse pe jos nu sunt doar pentru a proteja / menine cablurile n condiii de siguran, dar, de asemenea, pentru a proteja persoanele care pot intra n contact cu cablurile, prin minimizarea pericolului de mpiedicare / cdere cauzate de cabluri ntinse pe jos. Unele modele de capace merg chiar mai departe n urmrirea realizrii siguranei, cum ar modelul nostru de capac aplatizat ADA conform cu cerinele pentru rampele destinate deplasri persoanelor cu handicap care ofer acces n condiii de siguran pentru cei n scaune cu rotile

NOTIUNI ELEMENTARE DE LIMBA ENGLEZA PENTRU ELECTRICIENI

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