RECAPITULARE

1. Daca un substantiv apare de mai multe ori Intr-o propozitie, poate fi Inlocuit cu cuvantul one:

I don't like this book;I like that one.

I don't want these shoes;I want cheaper ones.

2. Modul imperativ:

Come here!

Don't eat so fast!

Let them go now!

3. Genitivul saxon (the Saxon Genitive):

Mary's car

these people's houses

my parent's friends

- Nu-mi place aceasta carte;mie Imi place aceea.

- Nu vreau ace~ti pantofi;vreau unii ieftini.

- Vino aici!

- Nu mancati a~a de repede!

- Lasa-i sa pIece acum!

- ma~ina Mariei

- casele acestor oameni

- prietenii parintilor mei

Sa exersam cuvintele noi intr-o alta ordine:

Ca ~i pana acum, sa incepem leqia cu ciiteva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce

tare ~i retineti sensuI lor in limba romaml:

" "PARTEA INTAI

peace > [pi:s] - pace

object > [obdj ikt] - obiect, scop

luggage > [lagidj] - bagaj

matter > [mEtil'] - chestiune, problema,

treaba

incident > [insidant] - incident, intamplare

idea > [aidia] - idee

fact > [fEkt] - fapt

space travel > [speis trEvl] - calatorie in spatiu

war > ["O:'] - razboi

mistake > [mistcik] - gre~eala, eroare

complaint > [kampleint] - nemultumire, plangere,

reclamatie

soldier > [sauldja'] - soldat

2

LECTIA 31,

matter > [mEta'] - chestiune, problema,

treaba

fact > [fEkt] - fapt; realitate

object > [obdjikt] - obiect, scop

idea > [aidia] - idee

peace > [pi:s] - pace

soldier > [sauldja'] - soldat

war > ["O :'] - razboi

mistake > [misteik] - gre~eala,eroare

complaint > [kampleint] - nemultumire, plangere,

reclamatie

incident > [insidant] - incident, intamplare

space > [speis] - spatiu, univers

space travel > [speis trEvl] - calatorie in spatiu

luggage > [lagidj] - bagaj

Iar acum completati propozitiile 'in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

In exercitiul urmator am folosit cuvintele noi in propozitii:

> [Ill: kI:n ntii:'n It It" O/car a: r - Puteti s-o inapoiati daca avetikall1plcll1ts] nemultumiri.

- Incidentul a aparut 'intoate ziarele.

- Prima calatorie in spatiua avut loc in 1957.

- Acest bagaj este al tau?

- Ce ~til despre razboi?

- Acest soldat a facut

o gre~eala serioasa.

- Tot ce dorim este (sa fie) pace.

- Aceste idei nu sunt noi.

- Este destul spatiu

pentru mobila noastra?

- Faptele sunt alarmante.

- Au vazut un obiect straniu

pe cer.

- Nu ~tim inca totuldespre aceasta problema.

- The >fact that he helped me impressed

my mother.

- He cannot spend much time on this >mattcr.

- I have read much about that >war.

- Will the negotiations bring >peace?

- Those >Icleas are difficult to understand.

- Is >space travel dangerous?

- I like travelling without any >luggage.

- These >coJl1plaIJ1ts are worth listening to.

- Do these >JIlcldcnts happen regularly?

- Our >object is to get a raise

as soon as possible.

- >Space is incredibly vast.

> [D/a fa'st SPCIS trEvi Uoz IJ1

namtb] finl SC\ nJ

> [17 DZEtlagldj /t)"'zJ

> ["ot dll Ill: nallaballt IYa "t)"r]

> [01 "1: Jont IZ pl:S]

> ["I: daunt nall cVllT'in\g)

aballt D/is mEta' id]

> [D/ci so: a stlcll1dJ obdjiktin D/a ska/]

> [D/Is Siill!dp' hEz meld

a si.nas ll1lstcik]

> [IZ D'ca'lI1at"spc/sto.' aua' nl:rmt~a']

> [Dll insidant "oz in(J.! D/a pciparz]

> [D/a f1:kts a:' ala: rll1in(gl]

> [[Yl:Z aidiaz a:' not nlll'\

The facts are alarming.

They saw a strange object

in the sky.

Este periculoasa calatoria in spatiu?

Aceste incidente se petrec in mod regulat?

We don't know everything

about this matter yet.

Universul este incredibil de vast.

EI nu poate sa acorde mult timp acestei probleme.

Imi place sa calatoresc lara bagaje.

Aceste nemultumiri merita sa fie ascultate.

3

Faptul ca el m-a ajutat a impresionat-o

pemama.

Acele idei sunt greu de inteles.

All we want is peace.

Is that luggage yours?

Am citit mult despre ace! razboi.

These ideas are not new.

Scopul nostru este sa obtinem 0 marirede salariu cat mai curand posibil.

Negocierile vor aduce pacea?

The first space travel was in

1957.

Is there enough space

for our furniture?

This soldier has madea serious mistake.

You can return it if there are

complaints.

The incident was inall the papers.

What do you know

about the war?

Acum vom inwi(aforma negativii a acestui verb:

> space

> incident

> soldIer

> mIstake

> peace

> war

> matter

> object

> fact

> complamt

,

- The> soldIers are ready for the fight.

- You have made the same > mIstake twice.

> luggage

> Idea

- Nu ai voie sa vorbe~ti aici.

- Ea nu are voie sa fumeze.

4

You mustn't talk here.

She mustn't smoke.

Ai fiicut de doua ori aceea~i gre~eala.

"I like travelling without any luggage."

idee

fapt

1. Forma negativii a verbului must se ob(ine prin adiiugarea adverbului de nega(ie not: mustnot (forma prescurtatii jiind mustn't lmasnt] care inseamnii a nu fi permislingaduit, a nuavea voie, a fi interzis, de exemplu:

Rezolvati urmatorul exercitiu de traducere:

razboi

Soldatii sunt gata de lupta.

nemultumire, pliingere, reclamatie

gre~eala, eroare

pace

bagaj

chestiune, problema, treaba

obiect, scop

In lec(iile anterioare, ali intiilnit deja verbul modal must - a trebui.

soldat

incident, intiimplare

spatiu, univers

Urmeaza un alt grup de cuvinte noi. Exersati pronuntia ~i retineti intelesullor in limba romana:

Is there concrete information? > [IZ {Yca f konkri:t II1fame/~n] - Sunt informatii concrete?

2. Structura negativii - BU trebuie, se exprinu] cuforma scurtii needn't lnLdnt], de exemplu:

- Maine va fi ziuadecisiva.

- Aceasta este 0 treaba foarteurgenta.

- Nu-mi plac subiecteleabstracte.

- Imprejurimile suntfoarte pa~nice.

- Vom incepe imediat.

- Poti sa vorbe~ti obiectivdespre asta?

- We >needn 't go there.

- We >lTIlistn 't make this mistake.

- Why > 1TI1istn 't I come here?

- Ea nu trebuie sa-~i faca griji in legaturacu asta.

- You > 1TI1istn 'f leave your luggage here.

- Nu trebuie sa cite~ti toate aceste cacti.

- I >needn't listen to your complaints.

- This news> needn't be facts.

> lD"is jz a veri a:ldpntmEtal]

5

> l ai daunt hllk Ehstrl~kt

sabdjlkb]

> l kEn Ill: to. k aballt DZISabd.lektlvll]

> [tamorall uil bi:D"a disaisiv dC/]

> l Dfa ~araundm(~lz a: 1

\ en pi.~fld]

> lUi:l start it prezantli]

You needn't read all these books.

She needn't worry about it.

We'll start it presently.

Aceste ~tiri nu sunt neaparat adevarate.

lar acum sa folosim verbele modale invatate anterior. Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cuverbul corespunzator:

Nu trebuie sa mergem acolo.

Nu avem voie sa facem aceasta gre~eala.

The surroundings arevery peaceful.

De ce nu am voie sa yin aici?

Nu ai voie sa-ti la~i bagajul aici.

This is a very urgentmatter.

Tomorrow will bethe decisive day.

Nu trebuie sa ascult plangerile tale.

lata cum se folosesc cuvintele noi in propozitii:

objective > [abdjekti\] - obiectiv, nepartinitor

decisive > ldisaislv] - hotarator, decisiv

urgent > [a:ldjant] - urgent

concrete > l konkri:t] - concret, palpabil

abstract > [EbstrEkt] - abstract

peaceful > [pi:sfal] - pa~nic, lini~tit

presently > [prezantl i] - imediat, indata

I don't like abstractsubjects.

Can you talk about thisobjectively?

6

Ati reu~it sa rezolvati exercitiul anterior? lata acum un grup de verbe noi:

~ It has to be shown in an >ob.lcctlve way.

> peaceful

~ > AbStLlct ideas are difficult to understand.

>ob.lectl\C

> presently

- We'll finish it >prcsenlly.

- They live in a >pcaccful region.

- A table is a >concrck object.

> urgent

- We >ur~cnlly need more

fertilizer.

- It is difficult to be >obJcctive in this matter.

> aboitract

> deClSI\ c

> cOllclde

Ei traiesc intr-o reglUne lini~tita.

A: Peter, Jane complains that you forbid her everything.

B: Really? I haven't noticed.

A: She wanted to go on holiday with her friends and you didn't agree.

S: I think I was right. But does it matter?

A: Yes, it does. You didn't even tell her why you disagreed.

B: Now you are right. Next time when I decide to forbid her something 1'1\ explain why.

Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu noile cuvinte:

Aceasta trebuie prezentata intr-un mod obiectiv.

Vom termina imediat.

ldeile abstracte sunt dificil de inteles.

Este greu sa fii obiectiv in aceasta problema.

lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:

urgent

Masa este un obiect coneret.

abstract

pa~nic, lini~tit

obiectiv

Traduceti unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

to matter > rtu mEta' j - a conta, a avea importanta ~

to notice > [tu naullsj - a observa, a baga de seama

to complain > l tu kamplclTl ] - a se plange, a reclama

to agree > [tuagri"] - a fi de acord, a accepta

to disagree > flU (hsagri:] - a nu fi de acord, a nu accepta

to decide >[tUJloilltJj - a decide, a hotari

Avem nevoie urgenta de mai multingra~amant chimic.

concret

imediat, indata

decisiv

Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu verbele corespunzatoare:

- Dar conteaza asta?

- Acum ai dreptate.

- Ea a vrut sa mearga in concediu

cu prietenii ei dar tu

nu ai fost de acord.

- ered ca am avut dreptate.

- Data viitoare cand

voi decide sa-i interzic ceva,ii voi explica de ceo

- lntr-adevar? Nu am observat.

- Da.

- Nici macar nu i-ai spus

de ce nu ai fost de acord.

> to dec Ide

> to notice

- We >dlsagrt.'cd on that maUer.

> to Jl1.ltkl

- I know they don't >dgrce.

- It >l1lattCl cd a lot to me.

- Have you >J1l,tILcd that he has drunk

too much?

- They> COJl1I' 1:1 ined of the heat.

- We >declded not to wait for them.

> to c< ,mplain

7

> lbat daz It mEta' 1

> 1'11, didn! i \ n tel hal

'dl III dls;I~" Ld j

> i pi'fa' dJclll kalt1plcll1z DzEt - Peter, Jane s-a plans

Il,: forhid ba:' cvnl 'in(~lj ca Ii interzici totuI.

> 1:11'] 'Jl1'C'k al"OI rail1

> [Sl. "0n lld tll gall on holide:

Jl), hel r frcndl 1· nd Ill:

,iidnt a~n: j

> [nallill ;\",ailj

> [ICS It d:l/1

> I IbiI al hF\"llt nallt!st]

> lnd; 'I (<11111 ''\:n dl (!Jsald

tll Illlhid kl" s;\lnT'Jl1':')

:1l1Ibpil'J11 "alJ

a observa

~tiu ca ei nu sunt de acord.

Sa analizam acum fiecare propozi~ie separat:

a conta, a avea importanta

Now you are right.

Ai observat ca el a baut prea mult?

Yes, it does.

You didn't even tell her

why you disagreed.

But does it matter?

A contat mult pentru mine.

Peter, Jane complains that

you forbid her everything.

a nu fi de acord

I think I was right.

a accepta, a fi de acord

a se plange, a reclama

Really? I haven't noticed.

Nu am fost de aceea~i parere in acea problema.

Next time when I decide

to forbid her somethingI'll explain why.

She wanted to go on holiday

with her friends and you

didn't agree.

S-au plans de cal dura.

Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele verbe:

a decide, a hotari

Noi am dec is sa nu-i a~teptam.

lar acum sa revenim la imperativulformat cu verbullet.

In exercitiul urmator traduceti propozitiile in Iimba engleza:

> You needn'l thmk about thIS matter.

> It doesn '1 matter.

> Let hun not talk about the war

a II the tIme.

> Let her not make thIs mistake.

> YDU mustn't declClc Wllhout lalkmg to .lane.

> We needn't aglec now.

> LeI them not complalll'

> Space travel IS excllJl1g.

- Sa nu decida ei ln~i~i!

> ThIs incIdent mustn't happen again.

> Have you noticed thIS man m a green hat?

> He has a good Idea, let hllll speak.

> Let's not take the luggage wIth us.

- Sa nu fim de acord!

8

Nu trebuie sa te giinde~ti la aceasta problema.

Acest incident nu trebuie sa se mai intiimple.

Nu trebuie sa ajungem la un acord acum.

L-ai observat pe barbatul cu palaria verde?

Las(-0) sa nu faca aceasta gre~eala!

Urmeaza ultimul exereitiu al lectiei, in care vom sintetiza cele invatate. Traduceti propozitiileurmatoare in limba engleza:

Let's not agree.

Calatoria in spatiu este captivanta.

Sa nu-i lasam sa se pliinga!

Nu conteaza.

Let them not decide themselves.

El are 0 idee buna, sa-I lasam sa vorbeasca.

Nu ai voie sa hotara~ti lara sa vorbe~ti cu Jane.

De exemplu:

Sa nu luam bagajul cu noi!

Sa nu-llasam sa vorbeasca tot timpuldespre razboi.

Dacii propozi(ia in care verbul este la imperativ este flegatlva (vrem ca cineva sa flU facii ceva),atunci se folose~te cuvantul de nega(ie not.

LECTIA 31 - PARTEA A DOUA,

incepem partea a doua a lectiei cu substantive referitoare la razboi.Cititi cuvintele cu voce tare:

army > [a:fmi] - armata

navy > [neivi] - flota maritima, marinamilitara

air force > [eaffo:fs] - forta aeriana

civilian > [sivilian] - civil

trench > [trent~] - tran~eu

weapon > [Uepn] - arma

enemy > [cnami] - mamlC

ally > [Elai] - aliat

cartridge > [ka:ftridj] - cartu~

atom-bomb > [Etam bom] - bomba atomica

battle > [bEtl] - batalie, lupta

submarine > [sabmari:n] - submarin

Sa exersam cuvintele noi ~i intr-o alta ordine:

enemy > [enami] - inamic

ally > [Elai] - aliat

battle > [bEtl] - batalie, lupta

navy > [neivi] - flota maritima, marinamilitara

cartridge > [ka:ftridj] - cart~

submarine > [sabm[lri:n] - submarin

army > [a:'miJ - armata

atom-bomb > [EUun hom] - bomba atomica

air force > [caf fO:fS] - fortii aeriana

weapon > [Ucpn ] - arma

trench > [trent~] - tran~eu

civilian > [slvilian] - civil

9

Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care Iipsesc:

Unnariti folosirea cuvintelor nOl in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea lor inlimba romana:

- Multi civili au fost uci~i.

- Soldatii au trebuit sa sape

tran~ee.

- Annele noastre nu suntdestul de modeme.

- A fost necesara folosireabombei atomice?

- Acestea sunt cartu~e proaste.

- Aliatii au venit prea tarziusa ne ajute.

- Aceasta tara areo annata mica.

- intr-un razboi foI1a aeriana estedeseori decisiva.

- Flota lor maritima nu aresubmarine.

- Nu avem infonnatiidespre inamic.

- Batalia a inceput noaptea.

- The >atom-bomb was used by our ally.

- Are there enough> caJiridgeS?

- We are using the latest > weapon~.

- The> trenches are deep enough.

- The >enemyhas modem planes.

- The >battle has continued for a week.

- They are building many >slIbmannes

- Many >civilians are leaving the town.

- Our> allies support us.

10

> lalla' Elalz "a:' tll: lelttll help as]

> [meD! sivillanz "a.' klld]

> l DIIs kantll hEza smo:1 a·rmi]

> [uJ. hE\ nall Il1famelSnon D/) ena111l]

> [Uoz It nCSlsarl tll 11I:Z

DZj Etam bom]

> l In a "o ' \)'1 ea' fo:'slz a:'olil dlsalsl\]

> [DZa sauldja'z hEd tll digtrent~lz]

> [Dca bEtI sta.'tld Et nait]

> [DzI:z a: r bEd ka:rtnd]lzJ

> [aLia' "frllZ a: r notl11oda'n maf]

> l DZel' nervI hEz nallsabmall·llz]

Aliatii no~tri ne sprij ina.

Batalia a continuat timp de 0 saptamana.

Ei construiesc multe submarine.

Bomba atomica a fost folosita de aliatul nostru.

Noi folosim cell' mai modeme anne.

Multi civili parasesc ora~ul.

Our weapons are notmodem enough.

In a war the air forces areoften decisive.

Inamicul are avioane modeme.

This country hasa small army.

Many civilians were killed.

The soldiers had to digtrenches.

Sunt destule cartu~e?

We have no infonnationon the enemy.

The battle started at night.

Was it necessary to usethe atom-bomb?

TheIr navy has nosubmarines.

Our allies were too lateto help us.

Tran~eele sunt suficient de adanci.

These are bad cartridges.

"My brother is in the air force"

- In anii patruzeci au fast (avut lac)multe lupte.

- The >army needs a lot of petrol.

- My brother is in the >alr force.

>nlltridgc

>ally

- Some countries haven't got a >navy.

> ail force

> battle

> submannc

> weapon

>\rench

> :III11Y

> dto!1l-bomb

> n:l\ v

II

>llI1lYd 10.\))/ lYe;}' "'.1.'

men! bEll/J

Fratele meu este in aviatia militara.

In the forties there weremany battles.

Unele tari nu au flota maritima.

Armata are nevoie de mult petrol.

In continuare iatii cum putem exprima datele:

civil

bomba atomica

lupta, batalie

flota maritima

tran~eu

Acum traduceti noile cuvinte in engleza:

armata

forta aeriana

submarin

aliat

arma

cartu~

Dupii eum ali observat, expresiile ea anii patruzeci, anii cincizeci etc., se formeazii adiiugiind lanumeral artieolul hotiirat :;i sufixul-es. Nu uitali eii litera -y de la sfar:;itul euviintului se transformiiin -i, iar aeeasta este urmatii de terminalia -es.

Daea vrem sa sllbhniem seeollll, atllnei data se scrie in felul urmiitor:

\..

- anii 0 mie opt sute treizeci

- anii 0 mie noua sute l?aptezeci

- anii douazeci

- anii optzeci

> In the 405 (fortIes) there were fe\\ carsIn Romania.

> ThIs house \\ as built 111 the J 790s(se\entccn ninetIes).

> Mary was born In the 60s (sIxtIes).

> The war started In the 1930s(nineteen thIrties).

- anii cincizeci

- anii l?aizeci

12

- the nineteen seventies

- the twenties

- the eighteen thirties

- the eighties

Unneaza din nou cateva cuvinte noi:

the 80s

Pe baza exemplelor de mai sus traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Razboiul a inceput in anii 1930.

In ann '40 au fost putine mal?miin Romania.

tactical >[tEktlkl] - tactic

civilian >[SI\ illan] - civil

nuclear > [11m klIa'] - nuclear

live > [1'11\] - viu, intens

naval > [I1C{\ I] - naval, maritim

annoured >[a 'l11d'll] - blindat, annat

Mary s-a nascut in anii l?aizeci.

Aceasta casa a fost construita in anii 1790.

the sixties

the 1970s

lata exemplele:

the 1830s

the 20s

the fifties

Aeeste expresii pot fi sense eu ajutorul eiji-elor in felul urmiitor:

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Unnariti folosirea cuvintelor noi in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i exersati pronuntia:

Traduceti in limba engleza cuvintele unnatoare:

- Politia a folosit cartu~e

adevarate.

- Se folosesc ~i avioanecivile.

- Annele nucleare sunt extraordinarde periculoase.

- Avioanele flotei maritime suntfoarte importante intr-unrazboi modern.

- lnamicul a facuto gre~eala tactica.

- Avioanele lor sunt slabblindate.

> armoured

> nucleLlr

> naval

- The soldiers were wearing >clvilian clothes.

- The enemy has two >nuclear submarines.

> civIlILln

> (actlc,,1

- The >naval battle was decisive.

> live

- It is not easy to damagean >armoured plane.

- These children have found >live cartridges.

- The >tactlcal planes are usually notvery big.

13

> [OZi enami melda tEktlkl mistelk]

> [niu:kliaT "cpanz a:'ll1o:'masli dell1djaras]

> [nclvl plelnz a:' IInpo:'tantIII a moda'n "0:']

> [O/el' plelOz a:' aunlI laltliarmLl'd]

> [a:lsau :m'ilian plen1Za:' iu:zd]

> [D/a pali.s "a:' lU:zin(g)

lalv ka 'tndJlz]

civil

Inamicul are doua submarine nuc1eare.

blindat

tactic

VIU

The police were usinglive cartridges.

naval, maritim

nuclear

Ace~ti copii au gasit cartu~e adevarate.

Batalia navala a fost decisiva.

Nuclear weapons areenonnously dangerous.

Naval planes are importantin a modem war.

Also civIlian planesare used.

The enemy madea tactical mistake.

De obicei avioanele tactice nu suntfoarte mario

Their planes are only lightlyannoured.

Soldatii purtau haine civile.

Nu este u~or sa distrugiun avion blindat.

forma a I1I-a

fought > [fo.t]

- a (se) lupta, a se bate

- a trage (eu 0 arma)

sunk

- a (se) seufunda

- a se preda, a capitula

- a (se)lnarma

- a se uni, a intra (In)

- Inamicul a capitulat repede.

- El a intrat In armata lui,nOI am intrat In a noastra.

- Aeeasta lara a dusmulte razboaie.

- Nu eumparam nieiodata zarzavaturi.Noi In~ine Ie eultivam.

- El nu are nevoie de ma~ina tao El arepropria ma~ina.

- NU-li voi da stiloul meu; folose~te-l pe al tau.

14

sank

fought > [fa. t]

forma a II-a

> [tll fa/a' El]

> [tll f3lt]

> [hI hEz d,oll1d hiZ a:'mi" 1: hEy djOlml aua' <lun]

> [tua:'m]

> [tu djom]

> [D/] cnami slI.n sarenda'd]

> [D/Is kant!! hEz fa. t

I11CnI "(1 'z1

> [tll sarenda']

He has joined his army,we have joined our own.

Dintre verbele de mai sus doua sunt neregulate. lata formele lor:

De exemplu:

I won't give you my pen; use your own.

He doesn't need your car. He hashis own.

The enemy soon surrendered.

We never buy vegetables.We grow our own.

to surrender

to sink

to join

This country has foughtmany wars.

Sa invatam eiiteva verbe noi:

fight > [ faIt]

to fight

to arm

Aeum iata noile verbe In propozilii:

to fire at

in eontinuare ne vom oeupa din nou de gramatiea.

latti ~i cdteva detalii:

Cuvdntul one nu sefolose~tepentru inlocuirea unui substantiv care se repetti. dacti in propozi!ie seaflti ~i pronumele own.

forma I

sink > [sll1l g lk]

Am inw'i!at deja cuwintul one, care sefolose~tepentru inlocuirea unui substantiv care se repetti inpropozitie.

We fired at the enemy planes, > lUi. faia'cl Et 1)'1 cnami pleinz - Am tras in avioanele inamice,

not at our own. not Et au,,' 3un) nu in ale noastre.

Unneaza un exercitiu nou in care vom folosi cuvintele noi. Completati unnatoarele propozitii in

limba engleza:

Nu am tras niciodata asupra nimanui.

- Ei ne-au scufundat deja

prea multe nave.

- We will stop >fighting as soon as the enemy

>surrcndcrs.

- After a week he >jomcd his wife

in London.

- We >sanK a ship at midnight.

- I have never >fired at anybody.

- The planes are heavily >armcd.

- How many ships >have becn sunk

this week?

- The two amlies >Jomed before

the last battle.

- They >SllrJ l'ndereu without >fightmg.

- We will >fig-ht to the last man.

15

> [~l.' alia' sltuld.FJ'z - Soldatii no~trii sunt

safi~ant1J a. 'mdl suficient de inarmati?

> lUi: fo:t in velD] - Noi am luptat in zadar.

> [D'el hEy faia'd Et as - Au tras uneori asupra noastra.

akrlJanall]

> [aua' Elalz hEy sarcnda'd] - Aliatii no~trii au capitulat.

> [D'ei a:'md DZemselvz - S-au inannat cu cutitele lor.

lid)' f)'f'I' aun naivz]

> [[Ya sa?man:n sEn(~)k - Submarinul a scufundat

l3,v ~1PS 111 tu: delZ] cinci vapoare in doua zile.

> [D/el hEv san'~)k tu: mcni

av aua' ~IPS o:lrccll]

> [lid iu: dJoin as] - Ni te vei alatura?

Cate nave au fast scufundate

in aceasta saptamana?

Ei s-au predat Tara sa lupte.

Vom lupta pana la ultimul om.

Will you join us?

We fought in vain.

Cele doua annate s-au unit inainte

de ultima batalie.

Avioanele sunt foarte inannate.

Dupa 0 saptamana, el a venit dupa sotia sa

la Londra.

Am scufundat un vapor la miezul noptii.

They armed themselves

with their own knives.

They have fired at us

occasionally.

The submarine sank

five ships in two days.

Vom inceta lupta de indata ce inamicul

se va preda.

They have sunk too many

of our ships already.

Are our soldiers

sufficiently armed?

Our allies have surrendered.

Sii revenim incii 0 datii /a f%sirea cuvantu/ui one in in/ocuirea substantive/or.

If you want cigarettes, I can give you some. - Daca vrei tigari, iti pot da cateva.

> We bought two ships

and they bought jive.

- Nu a fast gre~eala ei, ci a surorii sale.

- Eu am trei scaune ~i ea are cinci.

> 1 have 111) 0\\ n 100111 and he has hiS nIl II

- Aceasta bicicleta nu este atiit de scumpaca a lui John.

- Dintre toate florile pe care Ie-am vazut azi,acestea sunt cele mai frumoase.

- Ea a cumparat doua haine ~i a furat trei.

- EI a cautat perdele ieftine,dar nu a vazut niciuna.

> fiIs car IS not so/as fast as Mary's.

- Dintre toate ma~inile pe care Ie avem aceastaeste cea mai rapida.

> I lIs \\ Ill.' IS the most bedutlful

16

Of all the flowers I have seen today,these are the most beautiful.

Of all the cars we have, thisis the fastest.

He was looking for cheap curtains,but he didn't see any.

She bought two coats and stole three.

This bicycle is not so expensiveas John's.

I have three chairs and she has five.

It was not her mistake, but her sister's.

Am camera mea ~i el 0 are pe a sa.

Sotia lui este cea mai frumoasa.

Noi am cumparat doua vapoare~i ei au cumparat cinci.

Ma~ina lui nu este atiit de rapida ca a lui Mary.

In exercitiul urmator vom exersa constructiile invatate anterior. Traduceti propozitiile in limbaengleza:

1. Dupii numera/e cardinale:

3. Dupiipronume/e some, any, these, those:

Pentru a verifica daca ati retinut cele studiate piina acum, traduceti verbele urmatoare in limbaengleza:

a trage (cu 0 arma) > to fire (at)

a se uni, a intra 1n > to Jom

a (se) scufunda > to sink

a 1narma > to ann

a (se) lupta > to fIght

a se preda > to surrender

2. Dupii genitivu/ saxon:

4. Dupii forma de super/ativ a adjective/or:

latii ~i a/te cazuri in care cuvantu/ one poate fi omis:

Parintii lui John sunt mai batnlni dedit ai lui Mary. > John's parents are older than Mary's.

Urmeaza ultimul exercitiu al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Nu avem nevoie de submarinele flotei lor militare, > We don't need the submarines of theu' navy:Ie avem pe ale noastre. we have our own.

> You mustn't take it

> You needn't do It today.

> They have decided to use the atom-bomb.

> III the 20s (t\\el1t1es) we had a small anny.

> The complamts of the customers are worthlistening to.

> He made two mistakes, but you made six.

> This boy lS the tallest.

> I soon got tired because my luggage\\ as hea\').

> The weapons of the enemy are not modem.

> When we noticed it was gettmg dark,

we .lamed our allies.

> We have two children and our nelghbOllrshave five.

> I needn't borrow any money; I have my own.

17

In incheiere iata exercitiul de pronuntie. Repetati cuvintele:

le] lei] lall la]

weapon navy decide army

trench naval live arm

bed mistake decisive cartridge

enemy space fire armoured

let lake fight car

Ei au decis sa foloseasca bomba atomica.

Nu trebuie sa faci asta azi.

In anii '20 noi aveam 0 armata mica.

Nu ai voie sa iei asta.

Armele inamicului nu sunt modeme.

EI a Iacut doua gre~eli, dar tu ai Iacut ~ase.

Am obosit repede pentru ca bagajul meua fost greu.

Reclamatiile cumparatorilor meritaascultate.

Acest baiat este cel mai inaIt.

Ciind am observat ca a inceput sa se intunece,

ne-am alaturat aliatilor no~tri.

Noi avem doi copii, iar vecinii no~tri

au ClnC!.

Nu trebuie sa imprumut bani; ii am pe ai mei.

Daca vrem sa subliniem secolul, atunci data se scrie in felul unnator:

31.1.2. Corespondentul englezesc al expresiei nu trebuie este needn't:

- anll optzeci

- anii 0 mie noua sute ~aptezeci

- anii 0 mie opt sute treizeci

- Ea nu are voie sa fumeze.

- Nu ai voie sa vorbe~ti aici.

- Nu trebuie sa cite~ti toate aceste carti.

- Ea nu trebuie sa-~i faca griji in legaturacu acest lucm.

- Sa nu-i lasam sa vorbeasca.

- Sa nu mergem acolo!

- anii ~aizeci

.. . . .- ann cmClzeCl

- the eighties

18

- the nineteen seventies

- the eighteen thirties

You mustn't talk here.

She mustn't smoke.

You needn't read all these books.

She needn't worry about it.

the 1970s

the sixties

Let them not speak.

Aceste expresii pot fi scrise cu cifre in felul unnator:

Let's not go there!

the fifties

31.1.1. Daca verbulUi modal must i se adauga adverbul de negatie not, obtinem fonna mustnot (fonna scurta mustn't) care inseamna a nu fi permis/ingaduit, a nu avea voie, afi interzis.

the 1830s

the 80s

RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 31,

31.1. Fonna negativa a verbului modal must

31.3. Expresnle anii patruzeci, anii cincizeci se formeaza adaugand numeralului articolul hotarat~i sufixul -es. Litera -y de la sfar~itul cuvantului se transfonna in -i, de exemplu:

31.2. Daca vrem ca cmeva sa nu faca ceva, atunci verbului let i se adauga cuvantul de negatie not:

5. Dupa forma de superlativ a adjectiveIor:

4. Dupa pronumeIe some, any, these, those:

I have three chairs and she has five. - Am trei scaune ~i ea are cinci.

- Daca vrei tigari,iti pot da cateva.

..

- Dintre toate ma~iniIe pe care Ie avem,aceasta este cea mai rapida.

- Aceasta bicicleta nu este aHit de scumpaca a lui John.

- Nu-ti voi da stiloul meu; folose~te-l

pe aI tau.

19

I won't give you my pen;use your own.

If you want cigarettes,I can give you some.

This bicycle is not so expensiveas John's.

Of all the cars we have,this is the fastest.

1. Dupa adjectivuI own

3. Dupa genitivuI saxon

2. Dupa numerale cardinale:

31.4. Omiterea cuvantuIui one in cazuI in care inlocuie~te substantive:

in unnatoarele cazuri cuvantul one care inlocuie~te substantive care se repeta, poate fi omis:

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

-.......

I. Nu-mi place aceasta idee. 0 prefer pe aceea.

5. You needn't join the army.

20

I. Let them not buy this expensive bicycle.

2. In the '80s there were a lot of battles.

1. You needn't to go to school today. You can stay at home if you want.

3. I have one daughter and they have two ones.

6. Acesta nu este bagajul meu, ci al Mariei.

2. Let her not to open the window.

4. Sa nu-Ilasam pe John sa se planga.

5. They don't needn't wear these trousers.

4. We met in the 1970.

5. Nu trebuie sa lupt in acest razboi.

6. I wanted stamps but they didn't have any.

2. Oilatoriile in spatiu au inceput in anii treizeci.

3. They have two submarines and we have ten.

4. She mustn't give us these towels.

Corectati gre~elile din urmatoarele propozitii:

3. Nu avem voie sa facem aceea~i gre~eala de doua ori.

TEMA PENTRU ACAS.A 31

c.

21

Exersati cuvinte1e noi ~i Intr-o alta ordine:

In continuare va vom prezenta alte cuvinte legate de razboi:

" "PARTEA INTAILECTIA 32,

ritle > [raitl] - pu~ca

tank > [tEn(g)k] - tanc

aircraft > [ea'kra:ft] - aVlOn, aVlOane

aircraft carrier > [eilrkra:ft kEria'] - port-avion

anti-aircraft gun > [Enti ea'kra:ft gan] - tun anti-aerian

ammunition > [Emiuni~n] - munitie

target > [ta:'git] - tinta

casualties > [kEjiualtiz] - pierderi, victime

measures > [meja'z] - masuri, dispozitii

bomber > [boma'] - bombardier, avion debombardament

fighter > [faitilr] - avion de vanatoare

attack > [atEk] - atac, asalt

aircraft carrier > [earkra:ft kEriar] - port-avion

attack > [atEk] - atac, asa1t

tank > [tEn(g'k] - tanc

measures > [meja'z] - masuri, dispozitii

ritle > [raitl] - pu~ca

bomber > lboma'] - bombardier, avion debombardament

aircraft > [eil'kra:ft] - avion, avioane

casualties > [kEjiualtiz] - pierderi, victime

ammunition > lEmiuni~n] - munitie

fighter > l fait a'] - avion de vanatoare

anti-aircraft gun > [Enti ea'kra: ft gan] - tun anti-aerian

target > [ta:'git] - tinta

....--iil..__

- Avioanele noastre nus-au intors inca.

- Trebuie sa luammasuri serioase.

- Bombardierele noastreau nimerit toate tintele.

- Cite vietime au fostin aeea biitiilie?

- Ei au problemeeu munitia lor.

- Avem nevoie de mai multetunuri anti-aeriene.

- Port-avioanele suntvapoare enorrne.

- Soldatii sunt inarmatieu pu~ti.

- Jeri noi am pierdut douaavioane de vfmatoare.

- Cite taneuri are inamieul?

- Ataeul a ineeputdimineata devreme.

- Un vapor este 0 tinta u~oarii.

> [hau mcn) tEnlg)ks hEz

011 cnalnl got]

> [D/a sauldp'z a r a:'mduiDzratflz]

> l ea'kra:1t kEna'z a:'

Illo:'mas ~lpS]

> [D/CI a:' hE\'m lel trablz

" I DI [YCI' El111Lll1isn]

> [aua' eil'kra:ft hE\' not

let nta:'nd]

> [") hE\' tu teiksi lIas me)a'z]

> [D/i [ltEk kcnTI 111

011 a:'iI l11o.rmn,g,]

> [a ~IP lZ an i:Zl ta:'gltJ

> ["1 lost tu. falta' zlesta'del]

> [aua' boma'z hEv hIt

o'j D/a ta:'gits]

> [hall I11Cl1l kEJlualtlz "a '

D/ea'In DIEt bEtl]

> [til: m:d mo"Entl ca'kra.1t ganz]

We have to takeserious measures.

We lost two fightersyesterday.

"The soldiers are armed with rifles"

----="'~-----

Our aircraft have notyet returned.

22

Aircraft carriers areenormous ships.

How many casualties werethere in that battle?

A ship IS an easy target.

Acum urmariti folosirea cuvintelor noi in propozitii:

How many tanks hasthe enemy got?

They are having troubleswith their ammunition.

We need moreanti-aircraft guns.

The soldiers are armedwIth rifles.

Our bombers have hitall the targets.

The attack came inthe early morning.

Tunurile noastre anti-aeriene au fost nefolositoare. - Our> anti-aircraft guns were useless.

Sa exersam inca 0 data cuvintele noi. Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cuvintelecorespunzatoare:

Bombardierele zboara la inaltime foarte mare.

Acestea sunt pu~ti straine.

Au fost putine victime.

Au fost alese multe tinte industriale.

S-au raportat doua avioane de vanatoare avariate.

Atacul va avea loc in ceata.

Ultimul lor port-aviona fost scufundat in zori.

Pe un port-avion este locpentru multe avioane.

Tancurile sunt sigure.

Aceste masuri nu sunt suficiente.

Nu avem munitie pentru aceste arme.

Acum traduceti in limba engleza cuvintele:

avion (avioane)

munitie

pierderi, victime

bombardier

atac, asalt

tinta

tanc

port-avion

masuri, dispozitii

avion de vanatoare

pu~ca

tun anti-aerian

23

- The> bombers fly very high.

- These are foreign> nfles.

- There were hardly any > casualties.

- Many industrial> targets were chosen.

- Two> fighterswere reported damaged.

- The> attackwill be made in fog.

- Their last> aircraft carrier

was sunk at dawn.

- On an aircraft carrier there is spacefor many> aircraft

- The> tanksare reliable.

- These> measuresare not sufficient.

- We have no > ammunition for these weaports.

> aircraft

> ammunition

> casualtIes

> bomber

> attack

> target

> tank

> aircraft carrier

> measures

> fighter

> rifle

> anti-aircraft gun

Nu uita!i sa adauga!i substantivului la singular sau plural apostroful $i litera sf

- disparut

- defensiv, de aparare

- vulnerabil, care poate fi atacat

- militar

- ostil, inamic

- avion cu reactie

- Sunt necesare avioane debombardament cu reactie pentruacele tinte.

- Am luat masuri de aparare.

- Doar tintele militaresunt importante.

- Tancurile sunt vulnerabile fata deunele tipuri de avioane.

- S-a raportat disparitia adouazeci de soldati.

- Nu au fost vazute avioanede vanatoare inamice in acea zi.

> The school IS a mile's dIstance

fi om my house.

> Do you know anythIng about last week's

meetmg?

> Do you know last Monday's results?

- A fost 0 intarziere de doua ore.

- Ai auzit ~tirile de ieri seara?

- Cladirea era la 0 distanta de 0 mila de noi.

> [hostad]

>[dlfenslv]

>[mihtan]

> [valnarabl]

> [lil. tuk dlfenslv meJa'z]

24

> [he\ I dIet boma'z lid bl:

neSlsal1 to' !Yauzta 'glts]

> [tUentl sauld,a'z a r

J Ipo·ltld mism lgl ]

> [1[n1e1ks a I valnalabl tu S3m

kallldz a\ ea'kJa It]

> [aunl! mihtan ta,'glts

a:' unpo:'tant]

> l nau hostal1 falta'z Ua,l si:n

DIEt del]

> [dJet]

mlssmg

No hostile fighters were seenthat day.

~tii ceva despre intalnirea de saptamana trecuta?

military

Heavy jet bombers will benecessary for those targets.

We took defensive measures.

Did you hear last night's news?

In exercitiul urmator puteti urmari folosirea cuvintelor noi in propozitii. Cititi-le cu atentie ~i retinetitraducerea lor in limba romana:

Tanks are vulnerable to somekinds of aircraft.

Cuno~ti rezultatele de lunea trecuta?

Sa invatam ciiteva cuvinte noi:

defensive

vulnerable (to)

Sa aplicam aceasta regula in urmatorul exercitiu:

hostile

Genitivul saxon sefolose,~te inaintea substantivelor care exprima timpul sau distan!a, de exemplu:

The building was a mile's distance from us.

There was a two hours' delay.

Acum ne yom reintoarce la 0 problema gramaticala discutata in lectia anterioara, ~i anume, genitivulsaxon.

Twenty soldiers arereported missing.

Only military targetsare important.

~coala se afla la 0 distanta de un kilometrujumatale de casa mea.

jet

De exemplu:

They were afraid of the enemy. - Le-a fast frica de du~man.

I am afraid of big dogs. - Mi-e friea de ciiinii mario

- a fi interesat(a) de/sa...

- a se teme de

> My parents are not interested in my friends.

> Why are you afraId of me')

> I think she will be 1l1terestcd in it.

> Arc you interested in this news?

> They were afraid of the second attack.

> I am interested in submarines.

- The >hostll e bombers are armed.

- Many >military buildings are damaged.

- Five planes are >missing

- We shall need more >defensive weapons.

- Their >jet fighters are very fast. .-

- Ships are >vulnerable to attacksby submarines.

25

>[tu bi: afrc/d av]

> [tu bi: intrastid in]

Pe parintii mei nu-i intereseaza prietenii mei.

Le-a fast frica de eel de-al doilea atac.

De ce ti-e frica de mine?

Ma intereseaza submarineIe.

ered ca a va interesa.

Te intereseaza aceasta ~tire?

to be interested in

How long have you been interested in weapons? - De ciind te intereseaza armele?

Pentru a exersa folosirea eelor doua expresii, traduce1i in limba engleza urmatoarele propozi1ii:

Bombardierele inamice sunt inarmate.

Au disparut cinci avioane.

to be afraid of

They are interested in buying your house. - Sunt interesati sa cumpere casa tao

Avioanele lor de viinatoare cu reactiesunt foarte rapide.

Multe cladiri militare sunt avariate.

Vapoarele sunt vulnerabile la atacurilesubmarinelor.

Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele noi:

Vom avea nevoie de mai multe arme defensive.

Aceste expresii se folosesc la toate timpurile din limba englezii, prin cOlljugarea corespullziltoare averbului to be.

Jar acum urmeazii douii expresii f%site des in /imba eng/ezil:

Completati propozitiIie urmatoarele cu verbele corespunzatoare:

Yom invata ultimele verbe noi din aceasta lectie:

- Au fost distruse multe fabrici intimpul atacului.

- Au doborat trei dintreavioanele noastre.

- lnamicul a bombardatcapitala noastra.

- Noi am aparat capitala catmai mult timp posibil.

- Trei vapoare, care transportaumunitie au fost scufundate.

- Avioanele de vanatoare au atacattancurile.

- Avioanele au decolat de pevasul purtator de avioane.

- leri am primit 0 scrisoare.

- Can we >dcfend our harbours?

- They >bombed our fightersbefore they could take off.

- The planes >took off into the wind.

- Halfofthe tanks were >deslloycdin the first few minutes.

- The news I have >ICCl'!\ cd is awful.

26

> [til. dIfcmhd D/a kEpltlEz lon,e) Ez ]1oslbl]

> [menl fEktanz tla:'

dlstlO/d In IYI atEk]

> lO"l cnal1ll bomdalia' kEpltl]

> [O/el hEv bro:t dalln

T'll av aua' ca'kJa:ft]

> [IVa plell1Z tuk ortromf)ll ea'kra:ft kEnai]

> [ai nsi:vd a leta' Icsta'de/]

> [O/a fa/ta'z hEy atckt

IYa I Enlg 'ks]

> [ r'n. ~lPS kElIlIl le)

Em/llni~ntla:' san1glk]

Ne putem apara portunle?

to destroy > [tu (lIstJ oi] - a distruge, a darama

to bomb > [tu bom] - a bombarda

to bring down > [tu brinlgl daun] - a dobori (un avion etc.)

to take off > [tu te/k of] - a decola, a-~i lua zborul

to attack > [tll atEk] - a ataca, a asalta

to defend > [tu (Mend] - a apara

to receive > l tll nsi v] - aprnm

to carry > l tll kElI] - a transporta, a duce

Avioanele s-au inaltat in direetia vantului.

lata folosirea verbelor noi in lIrmatoarele propozitiJ:

I receIved a letter yesterday.

Yestea pe care am primit-o este ingrozitoare.

Au bombardat avioanele noastre de vanatoareinainte ca ele sa poata decola.

Jumatate din tancuri au fost distrusein primele cateva minute.

The planes took off fromthe aircraft carrier.

Three ships carryingammunition were sunk.

Many factories weredestroyed III the attack.

The fighters have attackedthe tanks.

We defended the capitalas long as possible.

The enemy bombedour capital.

They have brought downthree ofour aircraft.

Iar acum sa ne Intoarcem la pronumele ~i adjectivul pronominal any.

Vii prezentiim ~i formele pronominale compuse ale acestui cuvant:

In Incheierea acestui ~ir de exercitii, traduceli In limba engleza urmatoarele cuvinte:

- They can> can") the heaviest bombs.

- The anti-aircraft guns have> broughtdownmany aircraft.

- The bombers> attackedtwice that day.

- Poti pune oriunde scaunul acesta.

- Oamenii aceia vor face orice pentru bani.

- Poti sa dai asta oricarei persoane pe careo Intiilne~ti acolo.

- Orice copil ~tie raspunsulla aceasta Intrebare.

- Poli veni In orice zi.

- Oricine 11i poate spune asta.

- Va accepta orice camera pe care polisa i-o feri.

27

You can give it to anyone you meet there.

Anybody can tell you that.

You can put that chair anywhere.

Bombardierele au atacat de doua ori In acea zi.

Ele pot transporta bombele cele mai grele.

Those people will do anything for money.

anybody > [embodl] - oricine, oricare

anyone > [eni"anj - oricine, orieare

anything > [eniT'in(g)j - once

anywhere > l cI1l Uea'] - oriunde, In oriee loe

lata ciiteva exemple:

a transporta, a duce > to carry

a apara > to defend

apnml > to receive

a ataca > to attack

a decola > to take off

a doborl > to bring down

a bombarda > to bomb

a distruge > to destroy

Any child knows the answerto that question.

He will take any room you canoffer to him.

You can come any day.

Tunurile anti-aeriene au doboriitmulte avioane.

Adjeetivul pronominal any se folose~te ~i in propozi!ii afirmative. in aeest caz inseamii: orice,oricare, ~i se folose~te pentru determinarea persoQnelor :;;i obiectelor.

in incheierea lectiei, unneaza obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie:

lata ~i ultimul exercitiu de traducere din aceasta parte a lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile unnatoare inlimba engleza:

> Any bombel can be blought down.

> It can be done wIth anythmg that is sharp.

> Any room IS good enough for me.

> Anyone who has been there knows how muchhallic there IS.

> Anybody can see that those flowers,II e not fresh.

> Any defensIve measure wIll help.

> It can be used m any country.

> Any book that IS bought wIll be wrapped upnJCe!y.

> Are you interested m these facts?

> Anybody can hit thIS target.

> These tyres are the best.

> If our al lIes need bombers,we can gIve them some.

> The cnmmal can be hldmg anywhere.

> Of a]] the tal gets \\ e have to defend,thIS IS the most vulnerable.

> The attack can start anywhere.

> Of a]] the tanks I have driven,thIS IS the fastest.

> The nfles you ale using are betterthan these.

Aceste cauciucuri sunt cele mai bune.

Daca aliatii no~tri au nevoie de bombardiere,putem sa Ie dam cateva.

Te intereseaza aceste fapte?

Poate fi folosit in orice tara.

Dintre toate tintele pe care trebuia sa Ie aparam,acesta este cea mai vulnerabila.

Poate fi Iacut cu orice lucru ascutit.

Atacul poate incepe oriunde.

Orice masura de aparare ne va ajuta.

Criminalul se poate ascunde oriunde.

Orice bombardier poate fi doborat.

Pu~tile pe care Ie folositi sunt mai bunedecat acestea.

Dintre toate tancurile pe care Ie-am condus,acesta este cel mai rapid.

Oricine a fost acolo, ~tie cat de intenseste traficul.

Oricine poate nimeri aceasta tinta.

Orice carte cumparata va fi impachetatafrumos.

Orice camera este destul de buna pentm mine.

[eJ [EJ [a1J [IJ

jet casualties rifle military

defend attack fighter missing

measure carry light civilian

trench tactical time bring

send matter find sink

28

in exercitiul unnator vom exersa utilizarea adjectivului pronominal any ~i a fonnelor sale compuse.Traduceti propozltlile in Iimba engleza:

Oricine poate vedea ca acele florinu sunt proaspete.

Barbara: I agree with what Mary just said, and you John?

lata-ne ajun~i la ultimul exercitiu al cursului. Ca de obicei, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

Cititi cu atentie unnatorul dialog:

> I know your Ideas are better than my own.

> Anybody can see that the enemy

IS losing the war.

> Don't think that a tank can be used anywhere!

> I had lost my ov.n rifle and took Mark's.

> We had to look for aircraft carriers,

but we dIdn't find any.

> He thought there would be no complaints,

but there were four.

> Anybody can carry these cartridges.

29

Is there anything we can do about it?

I really don't know. Some people say that we have to destroy all weapons and close ,the

factories that make them.

There will always be people who will do anything for money.

But things don't work that way.

Why is it that people cannot live peacefully for a longer time?

Every day when you read the morning papers, there is news about all kinds of wars, isn't

it, Peter?

Well, yes. But is it bad? In this way we cannot forget that while we ourselves are living in

peace, things are not so good for a lot of other people.

This question is hard to answer. it must be something deep within us.

~tiu ca ideile tale sunt mai bune deciit ale mele.

Oricine poate transporta aceste cartu~e.

Oricine poate vedea ca du~manul

va pierde razboiul.

Mi-am pierdut pu~ca ~i am luat-o pe a lui Mark.

Nu crede ca un tanc poate fi fa losit oriunde!

A trebuit sa cautam port-avioane,

dar nu am gasit niciunul.

EI a crezut ca nu vor fi reclamatii,

dar au fast patru.

John: We have to try to be good to other people and in the meantime remember what has often

been said: if you want peace you have to be prepared to fight.

Barbara: I guess so, but other people say that negotiating is the answer. But it often happens that

people finish negotiations when it seems they are getting less than the others.

Mary:

Mary:

Mary:

Peter:

Mary:

John:

Peter:

Peter:

LECTIA 32 - PARTEA A nOVA,

30

> We needn't look for them now.

> In the 70s (Sl'\ cntles) a'lot oLmcraft \H're btult.

> Let them not taik about wcapons'

> A fe\\ tactIcal mIstakes were made.

> !-la\ e )'LlU notIced the large numbcI ofanti-anu aft guns')

> Are you lI1terestcd 111 these meaSlil es'.)

> All the j~ll'(.; about that \\'ar ale not

yet kncJ\\ Jl

> Willch of thell ships is the most vulnerable'?

> Two naval aIrcraft \\ ere mlssmg

aftcr the ~m battle.

> They ha\ e Jomed the navy.

> Also CIvIlian planes were fired at.

> We mustn't use the atom-bomb.

> What defenSIve weapons have

thell bombers got'!

> They took off to aUclck ammUnItIon factones.

> What has been dccJ(led about

nuclear \\ capons'?

> Our allIes have surrendered.

> Any jet bomber can destroy

those targets.

S-au facut pu,ine gre~eli tactice.

Nu-i lasa vorbeasca despre anne!

S-au construit multe avioane In anii ~aptezeci.

Nu sunt cunoscute inca toate faptele legate

de acel razboi.

Ai observat numarul mare de tunuri

anti-aeriene?

Doua avioane ale flotei militare, au disparut

dupa lupta aeriana.

"I had lost my own rifle and took Mark's."

Ce anne defensive au

bombardierele lor?

Acum nu trebuie sa-i cautam.

Te intereseaza aceste masuri?

Care dintre navele lor este cea mai vulnerabila?

Ei au intrat in marina militara.

S-a tras ~i asupra avioanelor civile.

Ei au decolat pentru a ataca fabrici de muni~ie,

Nu trebuie sa folosim bomba atomica.

Alia~ii no~tri au capitulat.

Orice bombardier cu reaqie poate distruge

aceIe ,inte.

Ce s-a decis in leg.1Ima cu

anneIe nucleare?

32.1. Alte cazuri de folosire a genitivului saxon

RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 32•

Genitivul saxon se folose~te ~i inaintea substantivelor care exprima timpul ~i distanta, deexemplu:

- oricine, oricare

- A fost 0 intarziere de doua ore.

- Orice copil ~tie raspunsulla intrebarea asta.

- Poti pune oriunde scaunul acela.

- Oamenii aceia vor face oricepentru bani.

- Poti sa dai asta oricareia dintrepersoanele eu care te intalne~ti aeolo.

- oricine, oricare

- orice

- Cladirea era la 0 distanta de 0 milade casa noastra.

- oriunde, in orice loc

- Ai auzit ve~tile din seara trecuta?

- Oricine iti poate spune asta.

31

You can put that chair anywhere.

anywhere

Those people will do anythingfor money.

You can give it to anyoneyou meet there.

anyone

Any child knows the answerto that question.

Anybody can tell you that.

anybody

anything

I. Adjectivul pronominal any se folosqte ~i in propozitii afirmative. In acest caz inseamna:orice, oricare:

2. Formele compuse ce deriva de la any sunt:

Did you hear last night's news?

There was a two hours' delay.

The building was at a mile's distancefrom our house.

32.2. Cuvantul any ~i formele sale compuse

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 32

A. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitli in limba romana:

I. A lot of aircraft joined the battle.

2. Your ten minutes' speech was interesting.

3. Anybody can tell you about Jane.

4. Have you read yesterday's newspaper?

5. We met a lot of hostile people there.

6. I'm afraid it can be anywhere.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Razboiul a inceput dupa doi ani de pace.

2. Ne-am intors acasa infometatl dupa patru ore de plimbare.

3. Grice soldat cunoa~te aceste fapte.

4. Intreaba pe oricine!

5. Poti primi orice la micul dejun.

6. Voi lua orice carte imi vei imprumuta.

C. Alegeti raspunsul corect dintre cele trei variante ~i completati propozitiile urmatoare:

I. . .. can tell you where it is.

a. Anybody

b. None

c. Anything

2. After a ... travel we came to Madrid.

a. two days

b. two day's

c. two days'

3. The ...news is very good.

a. last week

b. last week's

c. last weeks'

32

VOCABULARUL LECTIILOR 31 SI 32, ,

abstract > [EbstrEkt] - abstract

to be afraid of > [tu bi: afreld av] - a se teme de, a avea frica de

to agree > [tuagri.] - a accepta, a fi de acord,a fi de aceea~i

parere

aircraft > [ea'kra:ft] - avion, avioane

aircraft carrier > [ea'kra:ft kEria'] - port-avion

air force > [ca' fo:' s] - foI1a aeriana

ally > [Elal] - aliat

ammunition > [Emluni~n] - munitie

anti-aircraft gun > [anti ea'kra:ft gan] - tun anti-aerian

any > [emJ - orice, oncare

anybody > (enihodl] - oncme, oncare

anyone > [emUan] - oricine, oricare

anything > [eniT'mlgl ] - orice

anywhere > [eniUca'] - in orice loc, oriunde

to ann > [tua:'m] - a inarma, a se inarma

armoured > [a:'ma'dJ - blindat, armat

army > [a:'mi] - armata

atom-bomb > [Etam bom] - bomba atomica

attack > [atEk] - atac, asalt

to attack >[tuatEk] - a ataca, a asalta

battle > [bEtl] - batalie, lupta

to bomb > [tu bom] - a bombarda

bomber > [boma'] - borbardier, avion debombardament

to bring down > [tu brin(g) daunJ - a dobori (un avion etc.)

to carry > [tu kEri] - a duce, a transporta

cartridge > (ka:'tridJ] - cartU~

casualties > [kEjlllaltIz] - pierderi, victime

civilian > [51\ ilran] - civil

to complain > [IU kamplein] - a se plange, a reclama

33

complaint > [kampleint] - nemultumire, plfmgere,

reclamatie

concrete > [konkn:t] - concret, palpabil

to decide > [tu disaid] - a decide, a hoUiri

decisive > [dlsa/slv] - hotarator, decisiv

to defend > [tu dlfend] - a apara

defensive > [dlfenslv] - defenslv, de aparare

to destroy > [tu dlstro/] - a distruge, a darama

to disagree > [tu dlsagIi:] - a nu fi de acord, a nu accepta

enemy > [enaml] - du~man, inamic

fact > l fEkt] - fapt, intamplare

to fight > [tu fail] - a (se) lupta, a se bate cu

fighter > [fa/tar] - luptator, avion de vanatoare

to fire (at) > [tu fa/a'] - a trage (cu 0 anna)

hostile > [hostaJ!] - ostil; inamic

idea > [a/dia] - idee

incident > l insldant] - incident, intamplare

to be interested in >[tutll intrastld 111] - a (se) interesa de

jet > [dJet] - avion cu reaqle

to join > [tu dlOIl1] - a se uni, a se asocia

live > [la/v] - viu, intens

luggage > [lagldJJ - bagaj

matter > [mEta'J - chestiune, problema, treaba

to matter > [tu mEta'] - a conta, a avea importanta

measures > lmela' z] - masuri, dispozitii

military > [miiItan] - militar

mlssmg > lmisml~l] - disparut

mistake > [mlste/k] - gre~eala,eroare

mustn't > [masnt] - a nu avea voie, a nu fi pennis,

a fi interzis

naval >lnelvl] - naval, maritim

34

navy

needn't

to notice

nuclear

object

objective

peace

peaceful

presently

to receive

rifle

to sink

soldier

space

space travel

submarine

to surrender

tactical

to take off

tank

target

trench

urgent

vulnerable (to)

war

weapon

> [neivl]

> [ni:dnt]

> [tu nalltis]

> [nlU:klia']

> [obdjlkt]

> [abdJcktiv]

> [pi:s]

> [pi:sfal]

> [prezantll]

> [tu risi:v]

> [raJtl]

> [tu sin(glk]

> [sauld]ar]

> [speis]

> [speJS trEvI]

> [sabman:n]

> [tll sMcndar ]

> [tEktikl]

> [tll telk of]

> [tEn(Clk]

> [ta:'git]

> [trent~]

> [a:'djant]

> [valnarabl]

> [Uo:']

> [Uepn]

35

- flota maritima, marina militara

- nu trebuie, nu e cazul

- a observa, a baga In seama

- nuclear

- obiect, scop

- obiectiv, nepartinitor

- pace

- pa~nic, calm, lini~tit

- imediat, indata -

- a primi, a lua

- pu~ca

- a (se) scufunda

- soldat

- spaliu, univers

- calatorie in spaliu

- submarin

- a capitula, a se preda

- tactic

- a decola, a-~i lua zborul

- tane

- linta

- tran~eu

- urgent

- vulnerabil

- razboi

- anna