CEVA ISAP2008 Sassi et al

8/7/2019 CEVA ISAP2008 Sassi et al

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Seaweed Applicat ions : t radit ion & innovat ionsJ-F Sassi, H Marfaing, A Menguy, P Dion & Y Lerat

CEVA, Presqule de Pen Lan 22610 Pleubian, France

Seaweed Applicat ions : t radit ion & innovat ions

J-F Sassi, H Marfaing, A Menguy, P Dion & Y LeratCEVA, Presqule de Pen Lan 22610 Pleubian, France


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Seaweed

market

segmentationSeaweed

market

segmentation

FAO, 2005 & CSNAVM, 2007

World8.5 million metric

tons

5.5-6 billion US$

other12,5%

sea vegetable75,0%

phycocolloids12,5%

: agriculture, cosmeticsindustrial ingredients, animal feed

France

74 000 tons

other

24,0%

phycocolloids

75,0%

sea veg1,0%

agriculture

industrial ingredientsanimal feed

cosmetics


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The french cropThe french crop

Seaweeds for hydrocolloids 47 946 tonsL. digitata, L. hyperborea, Chondrus crispusHimanthalia elongata

Fucaeae (seaweed meal) 5 860 tonsAscophyllum nodosum, Fucus sp.

Edible seaweeds (vegetables) 856 tonsHimanthalia elongata (60%)Palmaria palmata (26% ), Ulva sp. (9% )

Porphyra sp.(3%)

Data from CSNAVM, 2007


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Main seaweed-processimg

companies

in FranceMain seaweed-processimg

companies

in France

Phycocolloids : Cargill, Danisco, Hispanagar

meals : Setalg, Agrimer, Lessonia, Penn Ar Bed

Extracts : Goemar, Codif, Secma, Algues et Mer,

Penn Ar Bed, Timac

Sea Vegs : Bretalg, LRCB, Biocan, Algues de

Bretagne, Algoplus, Algaa, Algue Service,

Aqua B, Bretagne Ocean,


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Seaweed

applicationsSeaweed

applications

phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids


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Industrial

algal colloidsIndustrial

algal colloids

Name Alginic acid andalginates

AGAR CARRAGEENANS SEMI-RAFFINEDCARRAGEENANS

Europeanadditivescode

E 400 to E 405 E 406 E 407 E 407 a

Function Thickening

Gelling agent

Gelling Gelling Gelling

E 4OO : ALGINIC ACID

E 4O1 : SODIUM ALGINATE

E 4O2 : POTASSIUM ALGINATE

E 4O3 : AMMONIUM ALGINATE

E 4O4 : CALCIUM ALGINATE

E 4O5 : PROPYLENE GLYCOL ALGINATE


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Red seaweeds Brow n seaweeds Green seaweeds

Agars

Carrageenans

industrial phycocolloids (large scale exploitation)

Alginates

Agars and agaroids (precursor )carr ageenans and carrageenoids

xylansmannans

cellulose and hem icelluloses

Cell wall polysaccha rides

Alginatesfucans

Cellulosehemicellulose

RhamnansArabinogalactans

UlvansCellulose a nd hem icelluloses

Agars and agaroidscarr ageenans et carra geenoids

xylans

phycocolloids

AlginatesFucans

Laminaran

RhamnansArabinogalactans

Ulvans

An underexploited

diversityAn underexploited

diversity


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Seaweed

applicationsSeaweed

applications

phycocolloids

health complementssea

vegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids


vegetables


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Biologicalclaims

Texture

Colour,

odour

Nutritionalclaims

Texture

tastesmellcolor

functional foods,nutraceuticals

gelling &viscosity

ingredients

vegetables,

aromates


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Seaweed as a vegetableSeaweed as a vegetable

In Europe : seaweed use for human food has always been scarce(limited to coastal areas, in war or hunger periods)Seaweed-based

food

imported

from

Japan

appeared

in the 70s :

in stores specialized in dietetic foods in japanese restaurants1980 : production

structures appear

in Europe

French regulation seaweed is a non traditional food product positive list

of 16 macroalgae

and microalgae

toxicological criteria : heavy metals and microbiological standards


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Positive list (France)Positive list (France)

Nom scientifique Nom commun

Algues brunes

- Ascophyllum nodosum(1990)

- Fucus vesiculosus(1990)- Himanthalia elongata(1990)- Undaria pinnatifida(1990)- Laminaria digitata(1997)- Laminaria saccharina(1997)

Spaghetti de mer, Haricot de merWakamKombu

Kombu Royal

Algues rouges- Palmaria palmata(1990)- Porphyra umbilicalis(1990)- Chondrus crispus(1990)- Gracilaria verrucosa(1990)

DulseNori

Pioca, lichenOgonori

Algues vertes- Ulva sp.(1990)- Enteromorpha sp. (1990)

Laitue de merAonori

Microalgues

- Spirulina sp. (1990)

- Ondontella aurita (2002)- Chlorella

+ calcified seaweed lithothamnium calcareum


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3 seaweeds with restriction of use

:maximum 30 mg of dry matter or 210 mg of wet matter perday (15mg & 150 mg for the children) for high iodine contents

Laminaria digitataLaminaria saccharinaGracilaria verrucosa

French regulations

regarding

iodineFrenchFrench regulationsregulations

regardingregarding

iodineiodine


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Toxicological criteriaToxicological criteria

Maximal level of heavy metals and iodine authorized in seaweeds

Max imal level authorizedmg/kg

Arsenic inorganic (As) 3

Cadmium (Cd) 0,5

Mercury (Hg) 0,1

Lead (Pb) 5

Tin (Sn) 5

Iodine (I)2 0006 000 for Laminaria and Gracilaria


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Microbiological criteria for dry products

Mesophili aerobic bacteria < 105 / gram

Fecal coliform < 10 / gram

Sulfiroreducteur anaerobes < 102 / gram

Staphylococcus aureus < 102 / gram

Clostridium perfringens < 1 / gram

Salmonella absence in 25 grams

-

Toxicological criteriaToxicological criteria


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Freshthe market

is

small

since

preservation

is

not easy

(few days

at

+4C)

Saltedelimination

of 50% water by mixing

with

salt

can

be

stored

for at

least 6 months

at

+4C

to be washed with tap water before useDriedthe most

popular

form

in a piece, crushed in pieces or as a flourSterilisedfor Himanthalia elongata

MainMain formsforms

of commercialof commercial seaweedsseaweeds


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Food product: seaweeds

flakesFood product: seaweeds

flakes


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Food product: seaweed

saltFood product: seaweed

salt


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Food product:sea

spaghettiFood product:sea

spaghetti


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Mix of seaweeds with olive oil, pickles, onion

Delicatessen

: seaweed

tapenadeDelicatessen

: seaweed

tapenade


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Food product: seaweed

marmeladeFood product: seaweed

marmelade


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Food product:cooked

meals

(fish)Food product:cooked

meals

(fish)


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Food product: drinks, liquors, beerFood product: drinks, liquors, beer


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In Asia, epidemiological studies (Teas, 1981, Carper, 1989) led tothe conclusion that a regular seaweed consumption could be linked tobetter health (lower incidence of breast, colon, prostate cancers)

Origin of health benefits ?

fibers, sterols : reduction of plasma cholesterol

sulfated polysaccharides : antitumor & immunostimulationalginate : ability to bind metal and pollutants

halogenated phenolic

compounds : antibiotic activity, inhibition

of carcinogenic fecal florainorganic elements : fight against mineral deficiency (iodine,calcium)

secondary metabolites with antioxidant activity : preventionof atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases

and cancer

Seaweeds in food and health benefitsSeaweeds in food and health benefits


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Fucus

oligoelements + vitamins +iodine + fibers for satiety

Suggestions for use

2 doses / day (2 * 10 ml)

Food complementFood complement

P ti f di l di ith b


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Prevention of cardiovascular diseases with brownseaweed extracts

EU project 20022005 - Seaweed antioxidants as novelingredients for better health and food quality

Results :

the extraction & purification processes of seaweed antioxidants were optimized. some extracts exhibited a high activity in vitro(DPPH & ORAC tests) and in vivo.

human clinical tests demonstrated that the phlorotannins found in the fucus extract

contribute to the prevention of atherosclerosis

2007-11-26 : Diana Naturals introduces New Phytonutriance HealSeaTM

Cardiovascular Ingredient From Fucus

Partnership

CEVA (F)

University of Bonn (D)

German

Cancer Research

Center (D)

University

of Milano (I)

University

of Barcelona (S)

A&F (NL)

Institute

for

Systems and Innovation (D)

Diana Vgtal (F)

Karlsruhe Technical

University (IWW) (D)

HO

HO

OH

OHHO

HO

OH

OH

Tetrafucol A

OHHO

HO

OH

Fucophlorethol A

OHHO

HO

OHHO

O

HO

HO

OH


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Seaweed applicationsSeaweed applications

phycocolloids


vegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids


vegetables

animal feed

feed

complements


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Seaweeds

in animal nutritionSeaweeds

in animal nutrition

Seaweed

meal

History

additive to animal feed has been introduced in Norwaymade from brown seaweeds (collected, dried and milled)


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Microalgae

Feeding of fish larva and rotifers

Pigmentation in salmon aquaculture

Enrichment of eggs in omega 3

Algae in animal nutritionAlgae in animal nutrition


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Iodine enriched hen-eggs for an healthier nutrition

Patent FR 2 831 396 :

Feed for egg-laying hens

Flax seed : 6 to 8%

Seaweed : 2.5 to 7%

Eggs : 350 g iodine/egg

6.4 mg PUFAs

(ratio omega 3/omega 6 = 2.9)

Seaweeds


in animal nutrition


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Seaweeds


in animal nutrition

Interest ofInterest of UlvaUlva spsp carotenoidscarotenoids

:: --

eggegg--yolk pigmentationyolk pigmentation

--

shrimp pigmentationshrimp pigmentation

DMSP :DMSP : dimethylsulfoniopropionatedimethylsulfoniopropionate

Protective agent against gastric ulcerProtective agent against gastric ulcer

Feeding stimulator for turbot, salmonFeeding stimulator for turbot, salmon

UlvansUlvans

IncreaseIncrease mucinmucin

secretionsecretion

ImmunostimulationImmunostimulation : shrimp: shrimp -D-1,4-glucuronic acid-L-1,4-rhamnose 3-sulfate

OOCH

3

OOH

O

O

O

OH

OH

HO2C

n

X+-O3S

-L-1,4-rhamnose 3-sulfate

-L-1,4-iduronic acid

OO

O

OHOH

O CH3

O

OH

OHO2C

nX+ -O3S


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Hybrid clayHybrid clay--seaweed extractsseaweed extracts

MontmorilloniteMontmorillonite

ClayClay

UlvaUlva extractextract

UV filterUV filteradsorption ofadsorption of

fungal toxinsfungal toxins

GasGas

barrierbarrierReinforcingReinforcing

nanofillernanofiller

Activated clayActivated clay

AmadAmaditeite WO2006/030075WO2006/030075

animalanimal

nutritionnutritioncosmeticscosmetics packagingpackaging

engineeringengineering

plasticsplastics

Seaweeds


in animal nutrition


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phycocolloids


vegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids


vegetables

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals


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THALASSOTHERAPY

TEXTURE AGENTS

Seaweeds

in cosmeticsSeaweeds

in cosmetics

ACTIVE INGREDIENTS

VALUE


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Low

High

Seaweedsas raw

materials

Seaweedextracts

Highly purifiedExtracts - activeagents

VALUEADDED

Raw water/glycolExtracts

Species collectedby diving, orcultivated

Commonspecies :

mechanicalharvesting

Species withlow

availability


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CosmeticCosmetic activesactives fromfrom phycocolloidsphycocolloids ::

OligoalginatesOligoalginates

Alginate from brown seaweeds was depolymerized using

mild aqueous process and CEVAs proprietary enzymeAL951

OH

OO

HO

OHO

ONa

O

HO

OONa

OO

HO

OHOONa

OH

x = 0-5

Oligo alginate : MM block

PHYCOSACCHARIDE(CODIF)

PHYCOSACCHARIDE anti-pollution (DP50) PHYCOSACCHARIDE anti-rash (DP9)

+ Zn PHYCOSACCHARIDE anti-acnea

+ Mg + Mn

PHYCOSACCHARIDE anti-ageing


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phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticalscrop

protection

agriculture


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Agriculture : seaweeds

as fertilizersAgriculture : seaweeds

as fertilizers

Background

dates back to the 17th century

high

colloid

content acts

as a soil

conditioner

and helps

moisture

retention

mineral

content : useful

fertilizer

(K, N, P) and source of oligoelements

Today

growth

area : liquid

seaweed

extracts

10 000 tons wet seaweeds (1991)to yield

1 000tonnes of seaweed

extracts

which

is

sold

for US$ 5 million

Maxicrop Pro Liquid SeaweedTonialg -Gomar


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Agriculture : crop

protectionAgriculture : crop

protection

High value product

: elicitor

activity from

oligosaccharides

Discovery

(1980) : elicitoractivity

induces

defensereactions

in plants

An example : Laminarin from

GOEMAR labs

polysaccharide extracted from

Laminaria digitata, -1,3-glucan

(average DP=33)

ALBERSHEIM, P., B. S. VALENT:. J.ALBERSHEIM, P., B. S. VALENT:. J. CellCell Biol.Biol. 7878, 627, 627--642 (1978)642 (1978)ALBERSHEIM, P., A. G. DARVILL:ALBERSHEIM, P., A. G. DARVILL: OligosaccharinsOligosaccharins.. SciSci. American, Sept. 1985. American, Sept. 1985


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phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticalscrop

protection

agriculture

materials

Al d Z t t i l f d ti f


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Tomato clips :Tomato clips :

Ulva based compositesUlva based composites

Automotive partsAutomotive partsZosteraZostera basedbased

compositescomposites

Mechanical

properties

Biodegradabilityproperties

Algae and Zostera

as raw material for production of

bioplastics

and biocomposites

contributing to

sustainable development of European coastal regionsContract

n QLK5-CT-2002-02431 (2003-2006)


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SeaweedSeaweed

pulppulp

forfor carboardcarboard

mfgmfg

schage

dmoulage

Calender Dryingdraining

molding

Grinding +

wet mixing


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PeatPeatFlowerpotFlowerpot

BiodegradableBiodegradable UlvaUlva

FlowerpotFlowerpot

UlvaUlva

FlowerpotFlowerpot

USE OF ZOSTERA BRICKS FOR SOIL LESS CULTIVATION


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USE OF ZOSTERA BRICKS FOR SOIL-LESS CULTIVATIONpatent WO2008/065124 Publication date: 2008-06-05

Zostera advantages

stable in aquatic medium

water retention

bacteriostatic

inhibits fungi adhesion

ZosteraZosterastrandingstrandingononbeachbeach--Arcachon areaArcachon area


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phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

crop

protection

agriculture

green chemistry

materials

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticals

phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticalscrop

protection

agriculture

materials

green chemistryBLUE chemistry

Cracking Approach to multiply application potentialCracking Approach to multiply application potential


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Cracking Approach to multiply application potentialCracking Approach to multiply application potential

phytosanitaryphytosanitary

FertilizersFertilizers

HumanHuman

FoodFood

FineFine

ChemistryChemistry

PharmaPharma

phycocolloidsphycocolloids

DrainDrain

WaterWater

Cell WaterCell Water

MineralsMineralsCa, K, Mg,

I, Fe,

HemicelluloseHemicellulose

AnimalAnimal

FeedingFeeding

CosmeticCosmetic

MaterialsMaterials

ProteinProtein

OtherOther

ChemicalsChemicals


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Green SurfactantsGreen Surfactants

Properties :

Specific Bioactivity of the hydrophilic sugar head(ulvan, oligoM), Biosurfactant mimicking.

Associative properties (alginate / Ca)

new physico-chemical delivery systems with enhancedprotection and tunable targeting

OO CH3

OO(CH2nCH3)

O

O

O

OH

OH

HO2C

n

X+ -O3S

Oligo Ulvan

OOO

OHOH

O CH3

OOH

OHO2

C

n

X+-O3S

OOCH

3

OOH

O

O

O

OH

OH

HO2C

n

X+-O3S

WO2007/045795

OH

OO

HO

OHO

ONa

O

HO

OONa

OO

HO

OHOONa

OH

x = 0-5

Oligo alginate : MM block

OH O

X

H O

O HO

O (C H2)nC H 3

WO 03/01586

WO 03/01584


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Seaweed applications.Seaweed applications.

phycocolloids

health

complements

seavegetables

animal feed

feed

complements

cosmetics

cosmeceuticalscropprotection

agriculture

BLUE chemistry

and MUCH more to discover ! and MUCH more toand MUCH more to discoverdiscover !!

Thank you for your attention !!Thank you for your attention !!


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CCentreentreddtude et detude et deValorisationValorisation

desdes AAlgueslgues

Thank you for your attention !!Thank you for your attention !!

to valueto value--addedadded

ingredientsingredients

From theFrom the seacropseacrop

CEVA ISAP2008 Sassi et al

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