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  • CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONJUNE / JULY 2012

    PRINT POST APPROVED - PP231335/00020

    SINCE 1988

    CONSTRUCTIONENGINEERINGARCHITECTURE

    AUSTRALIAN

  • 6 NewsACRS Launches New Certifiers Checklists,Precast Modular Construction Coming to Australia,Brookfield Multiplex Wins Award for Darling of a Hotel,35 Tonne Columns at the Collins Square Tower,The Marilyn Monroe Towers - A Challenge for Formwork,Precast Modular Construction Coming to Australia

    12 Product FocusInternational Paint Introduces IntercreteTM

    14 Training Courses2012 Concrete Repair and Waterproofing Course

    16 Cover FeaturePERI Rosett Flex - Setting a new benchmark in scaffolding

    18 Company ProfileThe Shisham Stanley Group - An Australian success story

    21 Project FocusLondon 2012 Olympic Games - Squeezed on time

    26 Special ReportBrutalism - concretes ugly duckling. Could it be gainingsome love at last? Could exposed concrete be returning tofavour?

    30 Product FocusRawlinsons Construction Cost Books 20122

    21

    26

    table ofcontentsJune / July 2012

    Volume 25 Issue 3

    Published by:Editorial and PublishingConsultants Pty LtdABN 85 007 693 138PO Box 224, WallanVictoria 3756 AustraliaPhone: (03) 5781 1826Fax: (03) 5781 1706www.epcgroup.com

    PublisherAnthony T SchmidtPhone: (03) 5781 1826Mobile: 0414 788 900Email: [email protected]

    EditorJack CleaverEmail: [email protected]: 0438 526 620

    National Advertising SalesPhill TerryPhone: (02) 4782 2092Mobile: 0425 255 495Email: [email protected]

    Business Development ManagerGreg SmithPhone: (03) 9704 9547Mobile: 0418 333 774Email: [email protected]

    Production ManagerCam Fink

    CIRCULATION 10,505Registered by Australia Post Publication No. PP 231335/00020ISSN 1034-7860

    TERMS AND CONDITIONSThis publication is published by Editorial andPublishing Consultants Pty Ltd (the "Publisher").Materials in this publication have been created bya variety of different entities and, to the extentpermitted by law, the Publisher accepts no liabilityfor materials created by others. All materialsshould be considered protected by Australian andinternational intellectual property laws. Unless youare authorised by law or the copyright owner todo so, you may not copy any of the materials. The mention of a product or service, person orcompany in this publication does not indicate thePublisher's endorsement. The views expressed inthis publication do not necessarily represent theopinion of the Publisher, its agents, companyofficers or employees. Any use of the informationcontained in this publication is at the sole risk ofthe person using that information. The usershould make independent enquiries as to theaccuracy of the information before relying on thatinformation.All express or implied terms, conditions, warranties,statements, assurances and representations in relationto the Publisher, its publications and its services areexpressly excluded save for those conditions andwarranties which must be implied under the laws of anyState of Australia or the provisions of Division 2 of Part V of the Trade Practices Act 1974 and any statutorymodification or re-enactment thereof. To the extentpermitted by law, the Publisher will not be liable for anydamages including special, exemplary, punitive orconsequential damages (including but not limited toeconomic loss or loss of profit or revenue or loss ofopportunity) or indirect loss or damage of any kindarising in contract, tort or otherwise, even if advised ofthe possibility of such loss of profits or damages. Whilewe use our best endeavours to ensure accuracy of thematerials we create, to the extent permitted by law,the Publisher excludes all liability for loss resulting fromany inaccuracies or false or misleading statements thatmay appear in this publication.Copyright 2012 - EPC Media Group

    UPFRONT - About the CoverIn a move that looks set to revolutionised the way scaffolding isused across the country, PERI Australia has launched its newRosett Flex range of products into the Australian market.

    The innovative rosette on the Rosett Flex Standard is designedto covet the rectangular ledger component, using a gravitationallocking wedge system that again is unique in its application anddesign. Once the wedge has self-centred, it is impossible toremove the component without using dismantling force, therebyboosting safety and stability.

    Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012 3

    CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONJUNE / JULY 2012

    PRINT POST APPROVED - PP231335/00020

    SINCE 1988

    CONSTRUCTIONENGINEERINGARCHITECTURE

    AUSTRALIAN

    16

    8

  • EDITORS COLUMN

    4 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    Tight economic conditions can call into question the cost ofessential software that powers the consultants that the AustralianConcrete Construction industry relies on. The industry leader inCAD software Autocad and also Microsoft, have their understand-able return-on-investment objectives but not all of us can afford togo along for their ride.

    We have all had to bite the bullet of diminishing cash-flows as weget gripped in the bank-enabled squeeze that engineered theGlobal Credit Crunch. Rest assured that the banks arent doing it tootough like the $24 billion profit of the four majors in 2010-11.Thats equivalent to half our nations yearly spend on infrastructure all those roads, bridges, potholes etc.

    That four-bank profit is around our total yearly defence-spend.But, good on them - our stable banking system helped protect usfrom the GFC, so we should be grateful or it could have been a lotworse.

    It must be a lot tougher for our cement companies and theAustralian steel industry who are forced to face an uncertain futureof construction down-turns, carbon taxing, and heightenedenvironmental questioning, with few unrelated entities givingsupport apart from this magazine (the free and the good) topromote and excite concrete construction.

    Now, getting back to softwareWe are not suggesting that you abandon commercial software,

    after all that is what our industry relies on. But, some of us are beingshaken out of the system, retrenched, or retiring, but still want to beproductive and thats good for our industry we need those skills!

    Well, heres where ACC magazine can help you

    Firstly, you take the risk not us if you use these links leave thelawyers to happily circle offshore with sharks, but please leaveus alone. Virtually every type of program has a free alternative,some good some bad. Suggest you dont use them on yourmission-critical work.

    Also... be sure that you have RELIABLE, UPDATED and ACTIVEanti-virus / anti-malware software to protect your system andyour data - regardless of the type of software you use! You should,however, be especially vigilant if you use any type of freewareand/or shareware!

    A free offering that delivers CAD performance and real DWG compatibility, progeCAD Smart is free for personal, non-profit, student and learning use only. Go to:http://www.caddit.net/progecad/smart.php

    Go to Google and download SketchUp for 3D its great andessential for all architects.

    Check out Blender also which is amazing, also free. GreatBlender tutorial (do a 3D render of a building in one hour) at:http://yorik.uncreated.net/tutorials/architecture-blender.html

    BRL-CAD is a free CAD program that was developed by the USMilitary (originally developed for weapons design younever know when you might need a major bomb or two). Its not too shabby for architectural, believe us! Best way weknow to learn 3D CAD in 30 minutes.

    Microsoft Office alternatives for the poor include OpenOffice;or use the web-based Google Documents. Online office suitessuch as Google Docs, and Zoho are functional and impressive.But you generally don't get powerful online office tools forbrowser-based editing.

    Want Adobe Photoshop but too poor? Try GIMP or CinePaint,or use the web-based Picnik or Aviary.

    Need to dub your video presentations, download: Avidemuxor Virtualdub.

    Trouble burning DVDs (only use legit material, or its a crime).Cdrdao or Burn, are great to burn anything.

    Microsoft is also offering their WebApps suite, being a free(yes, proof that Bill Gates cares for the poor like us) web basedversion of Office. Trust Bill, it wont stay free for long!

    Try www.freeSerifsoftware.com for free desktop publishingsoftware, free website design software, free graphic designsoftware and free panoramic photo stitching software.

    Those of us poor, retired, rejected, or retrenched can get almost anything we want at this website: onsalt.com surelythe webs best freeware depository.

    Now, we hope weve helped you, dear readers but please support our software majors who deserve a fair return on their investment. Editor would like a fair return on his investment onboxes of expensive software he has that are outdated because ofWindows and computer upgrades cause compatibility problems.Heard the term designed-in-obsolescence?

    Think the software majors will refund Editors money for now useless software? Didnt think so!

    Editor admits to being a cheapskate driving around hardwarestores to buy broken bags of cement on the cheap. Editors car bootis not a good look, now solid concrete thanks to a boot leak in therecent rain. Corners well though with the extra weight!

    Software can be hard on your pocket heres help

  • IntercreteAdvanced Concrete Repair and Protection

    Complete solutions for new construction and maintenance

    Rapid setting properties allow fast return to service

    Application on fresh concrete enables fast track construction

    Solutions for construction defects low cover, slip-forming repairs

    Provides long term protection from carbonation, chloride attack and ingress of water

    Waterborne cement-based technology zero VOC

    Contact us for your next project:Toll Free Australia 131 474 / Toll Free New Zealand 0800 808 [email protected] www.international-pc.com

  • 6 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    NEWS

    ACRS (Australian Certification Authorityfor Reinforcing Steels) is a specialist, independent, third party product certification body which assesses domesticand overseas manufacturers and suppliersof construction steels for compliance toAustralian and New Zealand Standards.

    Customers need to check that the compliance of materials they use are to theappropriate Standards in order to meettheir duty of care.

    Designers and builders assume that the materials used will meet the designspecification. Yet, many builders, concreters,steel fabricators, design engineers, specifiers and site inspectors do not realisethat some construction steels sold inAustralia do not comply with AustralianStandards requirements.

    When it comes time to verify on site thatthe steel construction materials suppliedcomply with Standards there is often only asmall window available before the steel isencased in concrete, or erected and installed.

    While visual inspection can take place inside this brief window of opportunity, it may be very difficult to identify at shortnotice whether the material itself is conforming or not. After all, steel productsoften look alike, with little if any visual differentiation of vital aspects of performance such as strength, ductility, or even the Standard of manufacture

    The easiest way to check compliance against Australian Standards and reduce your risk is to review thesuppliers current ACRS certificate (viewable and downloadable from www.steelcertification.com)and comparing it with the information on the tag attached to the product delivered.

    What does site inspection need to cover? ACRS checklists can assist certifiers to ask the right questions, and simplify the process. ACRS has developed both Reinforcing Steel and Structural SteelInspection Checklists in consultation with AIBS and Consult Australia. A sample copy of each of the certificates has been included with this issue of Australian Concrete Construction magazine.

    Both certificates are available free of charge from the ACRS office or by download from the ACRSwebsite: www.steelcertification.com

    For further information, please phone ACRS on (02) 9965 7216, Email: [email protected] orvisit the website: www.steelcertification.com

    ACRS makes it easy to check compliance

    ACRS Launches New Certifiers ChecklistsFor Steels Supplied to Australian Building Standards

    Global specialty contractor, Rotondo WeirichEnterprises, Inc. (RW), the only mobile modularprecaster in the World, is proud to announce theopening of their fourth office, RW Australia. TheUS based RW is located outside of Philadelphia,PA; RW Middle East operates out of Dubai, UAE;and RW Antares, the Latin American branch operates out of Mexico. RW Australia, located justoutside of Melbourne, will serve all of Australia.

    "The Australian market is already familiar withthe environmental and seismic benefits and thedesign flexibility that modular concrete housingoffers, so this was an easy choice for us," saidSteve Weirich, President and CEO of RW.

    RW Australias focus is on modular concretehousing facilities, which range from worker housingaccommodations, and correctional facilities to

    student housing and senior care facilities. Theunique business model being brought down underconsists of setting up a mobile production facilityonsite or local to the project site, offering a number of benefits to the owner, general contractor, all other trades involved, and the localcommunities. This model allows for drastic reduction in program and costs, increased communication and collaboration between teams,and the creation of new jobs before the facilitiesare even open.

    Mikael Carlstrom, Director of RW Australia said:"This unique RW modular precast constructionmethod uses key personnel from the RW team,who train local labour at the site of construction,providing RW certification and new skills whichare then transferrable to their next job. This

    mobile production concept means that builders allover Australia now have access to this superiortechnology, a global network, and modular housing expertise."

    Rotondo Weirich Enterprises, Inc., a United Statesbusiness, provides precast modular constructionsolutions for residential housing, military housing,and correctional facilities. The unique onsite manufacturing model brings the quality and efficiency of a factory to the local project site,eliminating any geographical limitations.

    RW Australia will operate as a specialty contractor and become involved early on from thedesign phase and seeing the project through toexecution of construction. For further information,please contact RW Australia, Ph: (03) 9824 8211or Email: [email protected]

    Precast Modular Construction Coming to Australia

  • 8 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    NEWS

    Brookfield Multiplex has taken out the award for Best New Hotel Designand Construction in the Asia Pacific region for The Darling Hotel at The StarCasino in Pyrmont, Sydney.

    Announced at the recent 2012 Asia Pacific Hotel Awards in Kuala Lumpur,the accolade recognises luxury hotels built to the highest standard for conventions, airports or resorts.

    Designed by Cox Richardson, The Darling is the first 5 Star-hotel built inSydney in 20 years and comprises 171 deluxe rooms and suites, an infinity-edge pool and 16-room day spa.

    Brookfield Multiplex are now in the running for the International categorywith winners due to be announced in London in November this year. The international competition will comprise nine other global regions withBrookfield Multiplex representing the Asia Pacific region.

    The award recognises outstanding luxury hotels that are purpose-built forconventions, golf, airports or resorts. Winners are selected based on a rangeof variables such as green credentials, architectural merit and design.

    Winning this award demonstrates our capability in designing and

    constructing premier, world-class hotels, said David Ghannoum, RegionalManaging Director NSW at Brookfield Multiplex.

    Featuring a slim, elegant tower with dramatic glazed facades over a sandstone podium and entrance, the design was by Sydney architects, Cox Richardson, with interiors designed by DBI Design.

    The construction team went to extensive lengths to ensure the hotel wasbuilt to the highest standard using the finest materials and state-of-the-artfinishes. The results speak for themselves, said Ghannoum.

    The Darling forms part of The Star, recently upgraded as part of an $870million expansion of the former Star City Casino. The Star features a range ofupmarket entertainment facilities and includes a major, high-end boutiqueand restaurant precinct.

    Brookfield Multiplex Wins Award for Darling of a Hotel

  • 10 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    NEWS

    Having your new residential developmentplaced in the publics mind is a dream marketingcoupe. How about Marilyn Monroe as a popularname for a new building? All you have to do is provide your tower with a shapely torso, thenwatch your marketing take off like there is no tomorrow. Proving this is the rapid uptake ofapartments in the shapely towers of a develop-ment called Absolute Towers in Ontario, Canada.

    The developers werent so crass as to name thetower after the curvaceous film star, but no doubtwere pleased when the public decided to use thatnickname. If the public doesnt like a new buildingit can cruel its success; vis: the Toaster inSydneys Circular Quay.

    Due to the success of Marilyn Monroe can wenow expect that other developers will seek tojump on the band wagon, maybe going for LadyGaGa or Beyonce. We are in fact getting DavidBowie as Ziggy Stardust replicated on the faadeof an apartment block in Sydney, so this may be

    the start of a new trend. How about Dracula orFrankenstein quite suitable for some ugly buildings we know.

    Anyway, back to Absolute Towers - it is a sculptural complex of five residential towers.Construction of three of the towers was completed three years ago, with the remainingtwo towers, Absolute Word 1 and Absolute World2, just being completed at a cost of $1.3 billion.The two towers are also known as the 'CondoCouple' - or for the shapely curves featured on thesouthern high-rise building that has resulted in it being given the nickname of 'Marilyn Monroe'by the locals.

    This buildings were designed in China, financedfrom China, and aimed for the newly arrivedcashed-up Chinese expatriate. In describing theirdesign, principals of Beijing-based MAD architectshave said that for the location in a fast-developingsuburb close to Canada's largest city Toronto, theysought a new and unique identity.

    The towers have continuous curved concrete balconies around the entire building in place ofthe commonly used vertical barriers. The structureof each tower is reinforced concrete.

    To provide a fast an economical answer, PERIdesigned a spectacular and extremely cost-effective climbing formwork to handle the curves.As the rotation of the elliptical-shaped floors is aconstant 4 in each case, the perimeter forms andguard screening uniformly turns.

    In addition, the climbing rails are inclined at an

    The Marilyn Monroe TowersA Challenge for Formwork

  • NEWS

    angle of 26 to the vertical and connected tothe storey slabs by means of climbing shoesand project-specific modified slab shoes.Likewise, the formwork units are climbed hydraulically moving with the crane would notbe possible due to the inclined climbing track.

    That this unique climbing method is possiblewith the rail climbing system as well as beingapplicable in construction site conditions wasproven beforehand by PERI engineers with corresponding studies along with a test set-up.

    Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012 11

    A major construction challenge has been meton the site of Walker Corporation's Collins Squaredevelopment in Melbourne's Docklands, withBrookfield Multiplex recently installing two 35tonne V-shaped columns at 1 Collins Square. Thecolumns form a signature feature of the 19 leveloffice tower, and a striking entrance to the entireCollins Square mixed use precinct.

    The polished concrete columns are 15 metresin height and were installed at a 20 degree angle.They will form part of the support structure for the19 Storey, 45,000 square metre tower.

    The installation of the columns took place overa weekend and required the full road closure ofCollins Street to enable the project tower crane toinstall the columns.

    "This is a great achievement on the site andrequired meticulous planning and collaborationwith sub-contractors and authorities to ensure asmooth process," said Ben Hawker, Project

    Manager at Brookfield Multiplex who managesthe 717 Collins Street construction site.

    The tower at 717 Collins Street forms part ofthe $1.3 billion Collins Square project, whichcomprises five commercial towers over a 10,000square metre retail podium, and the restoration ofthe historic Goods Shed South.

    Brookfield Multiplex commenced constructionon the site last August and completion isscheduled for June 2013.

    35 Tonne Columns at the Collins Square Tower

  • 12 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    International Paint, a market leader in theprotective coatings industry, introducesthe Intercrete range for concrete repair

    and protection in new construction andmaintenance projects. The products showexcellent durability, performance and versatility and can be used in a range of different environments such as coastal,water and wastewater, mining, and highvalue infrastructure. The ease of applicationand rapid curing properties ensure fast return to service especially beneficial in amaintenance project. The products can beused to coat green and damp concrete substrates thus helping to reduce the project timeline in new construction. Theproducts are water based with zero VOCcontent thus minimising impact on bothhealth and environment whilst also makingIntercrete ideal for use in confined spaces.

    A unique blend of polymers, fibres andpozzolanic materials produce this range ofhigh performance repair mortars and protective cementitious coatings. They arePortland cement based products and totallycompatible with concrete substrates. Thehigh build repair mortars are easy to applyand do not require a separate primer to goon the substrate beforehand.

    Microsilica in the products refine and

    increase the density of the pore structure tomake them impermeable to water in themost extreme of situations. The microsilicaalso has high affinity for chloride ions whichenables the cementitious coatings to giveexcellent resistance from chloride ingress.For problems with low cover of concrete, whichleads to carbonation, Intercrete coatings areideal as 2mm of Intercrete cementitiouscoating provides the equivalent to 100mmof good quality concrete cover.

    The Intercrete flooring range is based onan epoxy, metakaolin and cementitiousmodified polymer coating which forms adense waterproof matrix resisting up to 10bar water pressure but allows the passage ofwater vapour. These floor coatings will prevent the risk of osmotic blistering in subsequently applied coatings or floor coverings by keeping water away from theinterface. The pozzolanic materials increasethe density of the matrix by reacting withthe hydrated lime, a source of salts in theprocess of osmotic blistering, to form less alkaline cement hydrates. These hydratethen become encapsulated due to the polymer and epoxy modification, therebymaking the surface less alkaline. As a result,there is an improved adhesion to the surfacewith other topcoats or floor coverings,

    applied for aesthetics or increased protection.The range also includes a hard alkaline

    coating which protects both concrete andsteel from acidic gases, moisture and chlorides. Another elastomeric coating is especially designed for protecting and waterproofing areas such as tanks, channelsand roofs where movement is anticipated.

    Intercrete also has a range of specialistproducts such as a tear resistant, flexible,waterproof composite tape used withIntercrete cementitious coatings to providean impermeable seal over live cracks andexpansion or construction joints.

    These advanced products support our existing range of protective coatings offerand further extends our capability by firstlyrepairing your assets and then providinglong term protection.

    For further information, please contactInternational Paint:

    Toll Free Australia: 131474Toll Free New Zealand: 0800 808 807Email: [email protected]: www.internationalpc.com

    PRODUCT FOCUS

    International Paint Introduces:

    IntercreteTM

  • TRAINING COURSES

    14 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    There is no denying that in the construction industry today, a job welldone is very often a function of level

    of training undertaken by staff in the project. Training has become a key factor inall aspects of the building and constructionindustry in the past few years and that iswhy it is imperative to know who the keyproviders of this type of training in theworkplace.

    Cement & Concrete Services is one of theleading training organisations in Australiaand currently conducts 16 course topics annually. Most of their courses and workshopsare primarily aimed at structural and civilengineers (with topics such as Design ofReinforced Concrete; Prestressed Concrete;Structural Steel; Masonry; Pipelines; Precast;Tilt Up; Residential Slabs etc).

    Some of the other courses they conduct

    are very suited to technical staff involved inbuilding and construction (as well as civiland structural engineers). These courseheadings include:

    (a) Concrete Repair and Waterproofing(b) Cement and Concrete Technology

    and PracticeThe Concrete Repair and Waterproofing

    course has been presented by CCS over thepast 10 years and has evolved into an informative and professional course thathas had very positive reviews from the people who have attended.

    The course features 10 speakers from industry who specialise in their areas of expertise. The waterproofing section of the course features presentations on waterproofing concrete using productssuch Silanes or Pore blocking agents orPolymer Membrane sheets.

    The repair part of the course will featurepresentations on such topics as chlorideand carbonation effects on reinforced concrete, carbon fibre strengthening ofconcrete and use of galvanic protectionsystems to inhibit steel corrosion.

    The course also features a session on howto repair damaged concrete masonry andclay masonry in buildings using simple helical stainless steel screw technology.Another session addresses case studies

    on concrete repairs, presented by a civil/structural engineer with many years of experience in this area.

    The highlight of the course will be a90 minute full demonstration of the variousmaterials used in repair (eg epoxy resins, cementitious grouts and self levelling compounds) and how to prepare them foruse in repair situations.

    For further information on this course orthe other courses available from CCS pleasevisit: www.cementandconcrete.com anddownload the course PDF under the Eventscategory.

    2012 Concrete Repair and Waterproofing Course

  • Conventional scaffolding methods inAustralia have been challenged bythe introduction of the Rosett Flex

    range of products by PERI Australia, a movethat has revolutionised the way scaffoldingis used across the country.

    There are many points of difference withthe PERI Rosett Flex but the most prominentdistinctive visual feature is that we use solidshaped rectangular components as a transom and ledger (horizontal items). Infact, we do not consider the term transom in our inventory vocabulary, because theyare the same universal item, PERI nationalscaffolding manager Gary Hexter said.

    The reasoning and benefits for this radical design has come from accepting thatmany scaffolding products have not evolvedat the same pace as the industries theywork in. Many fall well short - particularlywhen it comes to addressing safety as aprerequisite in the industrial sector.

    With that in mind, we set about findingthe critical compliances needed on ascaffold, improved them, and at timesreinvented them, with the aim of truly

    matching industry expectation and notplaying lip service to it, he said.

    Not surprisingly, it has ignited strongdebate and controversy which I consider tobe a good thing. We are openly challengingour industry peers - the mining, oil, petro-chemical, LNG and energy communities - toquestion the scaffolding they presently use,the status quo and integrity of theirscaffolding procedures and to strive tocome up with something better, GaryHexter added.

    The PERI Rosett Flex was introduced inAustralia to create a new scaffolding culturein an industry that Mr Hexter said often hadlittle or no innovation, creativity or incentivefor improvement. He said that for manyyears, end users or purchasers of scaffoldingand related products had been inundatedwith generic, industry fashionable termssuch as safety, quality, value adding, complete and total solutions that were notnecessarily genuine in sentiment or terminology and, in some cases, could notsupport what they were promoting.

    Modular and system-related scaffolding

    16 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    COVER FEATURE

    Setting a New Benchmark in Scaffolding

    PERI Rosett Flex

  • products permeate the industry in Australiaand, to be fair to the product ranges, theyhave served the industry well for an extendedperiod, however, many products havestagnated from their initial success,Mr Hexter said.

    Many products have not evolved at thesame pace that is required to keep up withthe increasing demands of heavy industry.

    In any business, the arrogance of success isto think that what you did yesterday will besufficient for tomorrow, he said.

    Mr Hexter quoted industry heavy-weightRio Tinto as a company that had made huge investments in innovation, with the introduction of next generation technologystrategies for its mining operations - all ofwhich are aimed at reducing costs,increasing efficiency, and improving health,safety and environmental performance.

    Indeed, Rio Tinito recently announced thatby the end of 2014 it would be operating theworlds first driverless trains on the PilbaraIron Ore Rail Network in WA.

    I believe that scaffolding suppliers, endusers and the broader community need toaspire to the same trendsetting philoso-phies of those of Rio Tinto - to constantlyinnovate and improve, Mr Hexter said.

    At PERI, we have metaphorically introduced our rectangular train and put it on a similar track, in that the outcomes for our scaffolding are next generation technologies which emulate improved performance. The rectangular componentis just one step towards changing the shapeof things to come for our industry, he said.

    By making a change to the shape of scaffolding, Mr Hexter said PERI had beenable to reduce the handling weight of ascaffolding bay against all of its competitorsby at least 35 per cent, while increasingstructural integrity.

    This new shape allowed us to introduceanother new complimentary product toAustralia through the range of scaffoldingdecks which have no industry peer. The bespoke platforms, with an individual planksize of 250 millimetres, give complete surface coverage to a scaffold bay with nogaps - even over the transom and ledgerareas, he said.

    Mr Hexter explained that the deckslocked into a safe position more advancedthan any system seen previously, and had aunique shuffling capability that allowed forthe overlapping of individual planks, and accommodated pipes or buildingstructures that needed to come throughthe scaffolding.

    Our rosette on the Rosett Flex Standard(the main vertical item) is designed to covetthe rectangular ledger component, using agravitational locking wedge system thatagain is unique in its application and design. Once the wedge has self-centred itis impossible to remove the componentwithout using dismantling force, he said.

    We believe that these prominent safetyfeatures are unmatched, and that truerosette system offers a uniquely advanced,and much-needed scaffolding solution.

    There are ring-type scaffolding systemsthat use the term rosette, however, whilethe ring-type cluster has an advantage overthe wedge-type and cup-type scaffoldingmodels, we believe that it still falls wellshort of what is required from heavyindustry, Gary Hexter said.

    While ring-type scaffolding has provento be popular throughout Australia (as didits predecessors wedge-type and cup-typescaffolding models) we believe that in manyinstances, innovation and safety improve-ment has stalled.

    According to Mr Hexter, goodcompanies have good safety performance,while better companies focus on safety performance as a core value and strive for asuperior safety performance.

    A great company, however, is onethat achieves and sustains superiorperformance, and yet continues to improvethrough the value of business excellencethrough safety, he said.

    Business excellence through safety is adifferent way of considering safety. Safety is not an icon mounted on a pedestal to be revered, it requires a considerable investment of time and resources, and it isexpected to deliver an average rate of return, he added.

    When business excellence is pursuedthrough safety, consequential benefits ofefficiency and cost savings are realised thatotherwise would not be recognised.

    The PERI Rosett Flex is a German designed and made product manufacturedby the largest maker of related products inthe world.

    For further information, please visit thewebsite: www.periaus.com.au

    COVER FEATURE

    Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012 17

  • The Shisham Stanley Group has aproud engineering history inAustralia that dates back to 1977.

    From a simple beginning in a small shed ina backyard, the Shisham Stanley Group hascontinually expanded to its current 10 acresite in Dandenong Victoria. The goals, initiatives and culture of the Group havenever wavered. The company has alwaysbelieved in Australian manufacturing - despite the growing trend to go off-shore.

    The Shisham Stanley Group has gainedan enviable reputation in the steel manufacturing industry for producing a diverse range of products. The companyhas a specialised structural steel division, aswell as being the largest producer inAustralia of Push-Pull Braces, Casting Plates,Angles and Fixing Plates for the PrecastConcreting Industry.

    Not limiting itself to these areas, the

    Group also manufactures earth movingbuckets, trailers, post boxes, newspaper distribution stands and a range of bicycleracks. The Shisham Stanley Group proudlymaintains the skills to enable the promptmanufacture and delivery of AustralianStandard Compliance Products.

    The Groups customers are wide and varied from local to international, and include the likes of Australia Post in thepublic sector to private companies such asThiess, Coates Hire, John Holland, Leightonas well as a large group of precast concretemanufacturers. The Shisham Stanley Grouphas the flexibility to produce the one-offjobs as well as committing to strategic partnerships with Eastlink, the PeninsulaUpgrade Freeway Project, the DesalinationPlant (Wonthaggi) and even the manufac-ture and relocation of Melbournes infamous Yellow Peril sculpture.

    As the dynamics of the engineering market are continually changing and newdemands are to be met, the ShishamStanley Group continues to embrace thechallenges that come with change andthrive on adapting its plant and systems to meet the specific needs of the steel manufacturing industry.

    Many could confess that in any businesschallenges are frequent. The true test ishaving the ability to overcome these effortlessly with a minimum of fuss. This iswhat the Shisham Stanley Group takesenormous pride in. Looking to the futurebeyond 2012, the Shisham Stanley Groupwill maintain a strong-hold in the steelmanufacturing market by welcoming andembracing change.

    For further information, please visit thewebsite: www.shisham.com.au

    The Shisham Stanley GroupAn Australian Success Story

    18 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    COMPANY PROFILE

  • For Temporary Movement JointsThe Lockable Dowel allows initial shrinkage

    of the concrete to take place and is then

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  • London will become the first city to officially host the modern OlympicGames three times, having previously

    done so in 1908 and in 1948. But its not alljoy Contractors have been hustling tocomplete the estimated $760 million construction project that was delayed inthe excavation stages of new 200 hectareOlympic Park by unexploded German WW2 bombs buried in the mud. And thislow-lying site has plenty of mud!

    Some 7,000 people have been workingon the site for four years. At the height ofconstruction, up to 24 trains per week weredelivering aggregate products and cementfor over 400,000 cubic metres of concretebatched on site for the London OlympicPark, each train carrying 1,200 tonnes.

    The construction is squeezed on time. Asrecently as last month (May) there were still11 temporary sites to construct - and thesite teams have to create five venues thatwill have 143 sessions and 900,000 ticketsthat don't start there until the middle ofJune 2012. Thirty-four venues are underconstruction or renovation and the costblowout to the British public is reported tohave reached AU$16.87 billion, way abovethe original estimate.

    Every permanent venue must have an

    established after use no white elephantswas the mandate. But along the way theyseem to have lost their nerve, perhaps dueto the parlous state of the British economy,and gone for the cheapest result.

    The redevelopment of the area to buildthe Olympic Park required compulsory

    purchase orders of dozens of properties as businesses fought eviction adding to thedelays - 206 companies had to relocate.

    The result is mostly an uninspiring collection of dreary prefabs with a LondonOlympic stadium that has little visual

    appeal (it was stripped of its fancities due tobudgetary constraints). Critics have questioned both its aesthetic value andsuitability as a national icon - especiallywhen compared to the Beijing NationalStadium or Sydneys Olympic stadium forthat matter. The few permanent venues are

    in place but the temporary ones are justbeing built, which means the Olympic Parkstill looks more like a building site than acompleted facility. No doubt it will comegood by the time the games commence,and if not, it will likely be obscured by amedia blitz focussing on celebrities.

    While the tight financial picture and temporary nature of the games has generated criticism, they have also beenwelcomed as having prompted a redevelopment of many of the areas ofLondon in which events are to be held thesite was a decrepit 200 hectare industrialarea in the east of London. Nearby,Australias Westfield has constructedEuropes biggest shopping centre.

    London 2012Olympic Games

    SQUEEZED

    Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012 21

    ON TIME

    Some 7,000 people have beenworking on the site for four years.

    PROJECT FOCUS

  • The Olympic Stadium will have a capacity of 80,000 during theGames: 25,000 permanent seats in its permanent lower tier, and atemporary lightweight steel and concrete upper tier holding a further 55,000 spectators that can be removed after the Games. The organisers are hoping to sell this component after the games.

    The concrete contains 40 percent less embodied carbon thanconventional concrete and was delivered to the onsite batchingplant by rail to limit the need for road transport.

    Facilities for athletes within the Stadium include changing rooms,medical support facilities and an 80 metre warm-up track. Spectatorservices, refreshments and merchandise outlets are located outsidethe venue on a podium that surrounds the Stadium, rather than beinglocated within the Stadium itself. To save money, the organisers arebelieved to be using shipping containers as toilets this is somethingyou wont know about unless you have the experience of being there!

    The stadium's track and field arena has been excavated out of thesoft clay found on the site, around which permanent seating for 25,000as a sunken elliptical bowl, using concrete rakers. The natural slope ofthe land is incorporated into the design, with warm-up and changingareas being dug into a semi-basement position at the lower end.

    The foundation of the base level uses concrete 5,000 piles up to20 metres deep. From there, there is a mixture of driven cast in situpiles, continuous flight auger piles, and vibro concrete columns. Thesecond tier, which allows for the addition 55,000 seats, is 315 metreslong, 256 metres wide; and 60 metres high. The stadium is builtusing only 25 percent of the steel, 10,700-tonnes, in the structurecompared to that of the Olympic Stadium in Beijing. The designersare proud of the minimal use of steel, which makes it 75 percentlighter than Beijings, the stadium also reuses large pipes from a previous gas pipe project, recycled granite, and all building products were transported using trains and barges. While being nodoubt structurally efficient, the stadium simply fails to excite.

    22 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    The games aim at sustainability with low-carbon-dioxide concrete

    PROJECT FOCUS

  • In the euphoria of the games the public will be treated to a handball arena coated in recycled copper, to a foldaway basketballstadium - and an artful sewage pumping station with its walls lovingly adorned with designs of a Victorian sewage system whichruns nearby. Now, thats going to impress!

    Best not to mention the massive sewage farm near the Olympicssite, or that recycling of sewage delivers drinking water toLondoners, such that it is said that the water you drink has beenthrough seven other people!

    The Basketball Arena, by architects Wilkinson Eyre, is one of twovenues that can be taken apart into kit form and transported. This one,which seats 12,000, consists of a tent-like membrane stretched over

    Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012 23

  • a random arrangement of curved forms. Rio gets the next games in2016 so the Brits are hoping that they can be persuaded to buy it.

    The other reusable building, Magma Architecture's ShootingRange, consists of three separate structures located in the groundsof the Royal Artillery Barracks in Woolwich. Their walls are coveredin octopus-like fabric 'suckers' that act as ventilation shafts and, atground level, doorways.

    The Central Park Bridge, spanning the river Lea between theOlympic Stadium and the Aquatics Centre, is really three bridges ina Z-shape. During the Games this will be the main pedestrian route,so the gaps between the bridges have been filled in with a temporaryrubber surface that looks like a paint factory explosion.

    The Handball Arena nicknamed the Copper Box looks like thegeneric sports centre it will become post-Games, but the unassumingdesign holds several surprises: a rainwater harvesting system, retractable seating and 88 'light pipes' in the roof which reduce

    lighting bills by 40 percent.Another of the Olympic Park's set pieces,the Aquatics Centre, is one of the few permanent buildings intended for use bythe local community and elite swimmersafterwards. The Centre is an indoor facilitywith two 50 metre swimming pools and a25 metre diving pool. It was designed by

    Pritzker Prize winning female architect Zaha Hadid in 2004 before London even won the bid.The centre is located opposite theOlympic Stadium on the oppositebank of the Waterworks River. Withits distinctive architecture andcurved roof, it is the first venue visitors see upon entering theOlympic Park. The curvaceous

    building is 45 metres high, 160 metres long;and 80 metres wide. In direct contrast to allthe temporary lightweight structures, at leastthe Aquatic Centre satisfies the concrete lover,with prominent shapely concrete elements.Unfortunately, it was reported that the centrewould cost about three times as much as wasoriginally estimated, totalling about 242m.

    The six-board dive tower is made from 462 tonnes of concrete.The steel roof weighs 3,200 tonnes. The three pools hold around 10million litres of water. During the Games the venue will have a capacity of 17,500. The two temporary 'wings' will be removed post-games reducing the capacity to a regular 2,500, with an additional 1,000 seats available for major events.

    PROJECT FOCUS

    24 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    Over one million tonnes of aggregate fill materials were delivered to the Olympic Park, in addition to the aggregatesrequired for over 400,000 cubic metres of concrete production.

    Carbon measurement and reduction is something that hasbeen very important on this project, and there has been astrong commitment to reduce the embodied carbon in theconcrete destined for the Olympic Park.

    The ability to deliver products to the site by rail had a significant impact on the embodied carbon of the aggregatematerials. For example, the embodied CO2 of the aggregatefrom Cornwall was reduced by 73 percent by using rail transportation compared to the equivalent road journey.

    This rail transportation of raw materials and sustainable mixdesign has reduced carbon emissions by a significant amount,representing a 42 percent reduction against the UK industryaverage for ready-mixed concrete.

    The Olympics Development Authority specified at the outset that 25 percent by weight of all materials used on theOlympic Park venues and infrastructure should be recycled orsecondary products. The supply of concrete supported theODA and the Olympic Park contractors in a number of ways toachieve this challenging objective.

    The concrete supplier identified and selected a range ofsecondary and recycled aggregate fill and single sized materials for inclusion in the supply frameworks. These materials complemented the primary products, and included:

    Secondary aggregates arising from the production ofChina Clay

    Recycled rail ballast Recycled construction and demolition waste Glass sand manufactured from recycled bottles The secondary and recycled materials were all delivered

    to the Olympic Park by rail and offered as an alternative to primary aggregate materials.

    The Concrete Should Win a Medal

  • Brutalism is an architectural style thatwas spawned in the modernist architectural movement and which

    flourished from the 1950s to the 1970s.Buildings where the raw concrete is exposedhave the rare ability to remind people ofgraffiti covered tunnels or industrial buildingsregardless of how well they are designed orcarefully constructed. They dont fit into thestreets and city centres where they appearbut their strength and power speak of a

    time when people had a belief in architectureas a force for civic good. These structureswere solid spaces to create a solid andstrong world emerging from the austerityof the Second World War.

    The original inspiration for the brutaliststyle came from the designs of Swiss architect Le Corbusier as well as those of hisfollowers, like Australias Harry Seidler. The name originates from the French termbton brut, or 'raw concrete', although concrete was not the only material thesebuildings were constructed from, but it wasgrey concrete that always dominated. It isthe label retrospectively given to a style of

    architecture that flourished in the 1960sand 1970s. It is perhaps most characterisedby heavy expanses of exposed concrete, virtually no decoration and generally exposedservice pipes and brightly painted ducting.

    At its worst it conjures up rows of soullessgrey Soviet apartment blocks or bleakBritish housing estates that we see inEnglish cop dramas. No wonder it attractedthe name brutalism. It found its home inAustralia at many of our universities, with

    blocky shapes that contrived to oppress thespirits of generations of students.

    Australia has taken the demolition hammerto many of these unloved buildings. SydneysMacquarie University is a powerful expressionof the brutalist style, contrasting dramaticallywith surrounding native greenery. TheUniversity of Melbourne has several too,these being the Engineering Building, theEducation Resource Centre Library and theMcCoy Building. But, Sydneys UTS tower onBroadway tops the list of Australias ugliestbuildings for sure.

    Brutalist buildings generally demonstratean aggressive largeness of scale with a

    dominating, unfriendly, character. The styleaimed to be honest with structural materials,with concrete walls, columns, beams, andservices such as lift and stair shafts expressedas design features. This can be seen today inCanberras High Court and the NationalGallery Precinct, particularly in the internalsupport columns and the patterns of thesupporting beams as well as in the externalarchitectural elements. You will even seeconcrete ceilings as a major feature in thesebuildings.

    Conflicts have raged over brutalist buildings such as the landmark CameronOffices in Canberra. Built in 1975, these offices are recognised as being so significant that they were placed on theRegister of the National Estate. Yet amazingly the Commonwealth overrode itsown heritage laws and demolished morethan two-thirds of the complex in 2003. And

    26 Australian Concrete Construction - June 2012

    BRUTALISM

    SPECIAL REPORT

    Concretes Ugly Duckling

    26 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    Brutalist buildings generally demonstratean aggressive largeness of scale with adominating, unfriendly, character.

    Boston City Hall

    Building: UTS Lindfield

  • in Sydney there was much discussion aboutthe monolithic Sydney Masonic Centre andthe Sydney Entertainment Centre, bothnow significantly altered to completelycover up their raw concrete structures.

    Architect Harry Seidler must be turningover in his grave, because his prized exercise in brutalism at North SydneyCouncil offices has been painted over to relieve the grey concrete appearance. But he still has his Blues Point Tower (a concrete monster that blights SydneyHarbour unloved by many Sydneysiders).

    One concrete building that encapsulatesall that is wrong with brutalism in a city environment is the grimy grey Sydney PoliceCentre in Surry Hills. Its heavy concrete appearance is justifiable to some extent asthe building was designed to be bomb and

    bazooka proof - if only New Yorks WorldTrade Centre had similar concrete robust-ness! Concrete can be cleaned to look attractive as has the Sydney Opera House,so there is no reason why the Sydney PoliceCentre should continue to look so grimy.

    It's not just that brutalist buildings oftendon't interact with the surroundings andappear hostile to human scale - it's also theover-use of exposed concrete as a facadematerial. Some of these buildings lookedOK when first completed, but invariably endup looking post-apocalyptic when they arestained with dark streaks. When brutalistbuildings have been well situated and welllooked after, they have been a success.When set in rural surroundings the sheercontrast of concrete against greenery canbe striking. Those lesser architects whocopied Le Corbusier houses in their verdantsurroundings forgot the need to do likewise. Le Corbusier forgot it himself andturned out a succession of overbearingconcrete buildings later in his career.

    Australias best efforts in ugliness palebeside the worst examples of brutalismelsewhere.

    If you were to heed what the inhabitantsof Boston in the US say, then you would nodoubt hear them wanting to tear downtheir brutalist City Hall, which weighs

    90,000 tonnes. In Americas oldest metropolis,where traditional brownstones set the toneand civic outlook is closely linked toAmerica's colonial past, the City Hall is onemajor monstrosity. In 1976, the AmericanInstitute of Architecture voted Boston CityHall among the six most important buildingsin the United States. Today it picks up noawards. Today, the opposition to this buildingis a popular sport: Many find it hard toimagine anything as ugly. Boston City Hallopened in 1969. It has since climbed to thetop of the list of World's Top 10 UgliestBuildings and Monuments.' Unfortunately,concrete also figures in the remaining nineon the ugly list.

    The new city hall, based on a master planby architect I.M. Pei, was to be the flagshipof an idealistic Government Centre.Although it is now hard to imagine, theBoston City Hall was a signal for a new beginning, as a vital hub for education andinnovation.

    SPECIAL REPORT

    Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012 27

    Could it be gaining some love at last?

    Could exposed concretebe returning to favour?

    Sydney Police Centre

    Robin Hood Gardens London

  • Today we have wonderful plastic coated plywood formwork andexcellent formwork systems that ensure great appearances. Lowrange water reducers and self-compacting concretes have helpedenormously. Dont even think about off-form unless you have thebudget to do it well (Parliament House Canberrashows how). You need 40 Mpa off-white concrete for a creamy mix dont do it with lessfor large areas. Just remember that there is nocolour control in ordinary blended cements,each pour can look different.

    So off-form concrete is due for a revival but onlyunder new thinking and techniques, dont try toreplicate what was done 40 years ago! Why it didntwork before was due to the variable absorbency of

    rough-sawn timber formwork and poor curing control. Architectscomplained that the concrete came out runny at the start of the pourand finished as a stiff porridge. It was common for agitator driversto add lots of water to the concrete. Concrete has the property of

    the wetter mix areas to look darker when cured,most unfortunate! Absorbent areas of timberformwork showed up as a patchy lighter colour.If you want a rough sawn today use a qualityboarded-patterned form liner from companieslike Rekli - dont go with timber boards overlarge areas. Consider this in factory precast panels for a quality result. But over small areas -remember keep it to small areas - old-fashionedtimber boarded can look great.

    Does their unpopularity mean we destroy all the brutalism stylebuildings, much the same as we tore down so many of our beautifulVictorian and Georgian buildings that were seen as harbouring disease and classed as slums at one time. Now, we see that as vandalism, and a great mistake, to rip the Victorian heart out of ourcities. Will the next generation vilify us because we seem to favourthe demolition of brutalist buildings?

    ''If you look at fashion, it comes back with a trend after everybodyhas forgotten about it. Seventies is trendy now - all the 70s coloursare back now. Could the same happen with brutalism?

    There are an increasing number of people who now are seeingsome brutalist buildings in a new light. As our cities build more andmore faceless glass shoe-boxes, there are those who are starting to appreciate the honesty of the few remaining brutalist buildings.

    Many have had heritage orders placed onthem, like the unfortunately named HaroldHolt Swimming Pool in Melbourne.

    With a global economy that has managed tohomogenise everything from architectural,fashion and graphic design, historians in thefuture will have a difficult task in determiningwhat was happening in Shanghai or Sydney,simply because the same buildings are built,

    the same clothes are worn, the same music is listened to, and thesame movies are seen.

    Brutalism was one of the last architectural styles that pre-datedglobalism. It was a time when society thought the future of science-fiction was upon us. Le Corbusier and the new modernist movementsought to eradicate the past, and its irrelevant cosy urban lifestyle.

    28 Australian Concrete Construction - June 201228 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    SPECIAL REPORT

    People are only now seeingBrutalist buildings in a new light

    New Brutalist-revivalbuildings are about tobe built in our cities

    How were those brutalist boarded concrete finishes done?

    UTS Tower Sydney

    University library in California - at least its earthquake resistant!

    Vitra fire station by Zaha Hadid

    The National Gallery in Canberra is a good example of a brutalist concrete building coming good with age. Canberra spiders love the rough bush-hammered concrete walls, perfectfor their webs. The silky sheen of spiders webs adds a softeningto the rawness of the concrete walls. The Sydney Opera Houseis displaying a lovely patina as the skin oils from thousands ofvisitors touching the concrete have added a polish wherethey have touched. Unfortunately for curtain-wall and paintedpanels, the opposite is true unlike concrete, lightweight construction can look pretty dire after just a few short years!

    Today, the worlds most famous female architect Zaha Hadidis an unabashed brutalist - single-mindedly, she has placedraw concrete on a pedestal of public approval. In 2004 Hadidbecame the first female recipient of the Pritzker ArchitecturePrize, architecture's equivalent of the Nobel Prize.

    Her Phaeno Science Centre in Wolfsburg, Germany, is afloating concrete megalith that stands on stilts. It embodiesthe same materials and design philosophies that signified brutalism. Her MAXXI - National Museum of the 21st CenturyArts in Rome similarly revels in its exposure of raw concrete.Showing that concrete has arrived again is the RIBA StirlingPrize for architecture awarded to this building as the bestbuilding built in Europe for that year.

    Brutalism can look good just wait!

  • 30 Australian Concrete Construction - June / July 2012

    PRODUCT FOCUS

    Rawlinsons has been producing building pricebooks since 1983 and is the leading source ofconstruction cost information in Australia.

    The company first published the RawlinsonsAustralian Construction Handbook after conductinga survey that revealed that such a manual wasmuch needed within the constructionindustry and it was subsequentlyreceived with great enthusiasm. Userscan be confident that each and everyprice in both books has beenreviewed, researched and updated asnecessary, in each new edition.

    Rawlinsons publications have anextensive circulation and are highlyrespected by all involved in construc-tion, from all three levels of government; bankers;developers; builders; risk assessors; architects;engineers; quantity surveyors; building owners;hospitals and health sectors; insurers; etc. and ourpublications have areas of interest covering therequirements of these and many other disciplines.

    This year, in keeping with the companys

    philosophy of constantly developing its publications,Rawlinsons has enhanced and increased the dataon green and sustainable construction issuesincluding green design; energy management andauditing and; environmental management. Othersections covered in this book include:

    building price indices; building costs per

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    The Handbook is a 950-page, hard-covered bookand is targeted at commercial projects.

    Rawlinsons Construction Cost Guide wasformulated particularly for the small commercial

    and domestic market, and has been specificallydeveloped to meet the need for costing informa-tion for the smaller project. Now, in 2012, in itstwentieth edition, this publication covers buildingprice indices; building costs per square metre;elemental costs; comparative costs; detailed

    prices; renovations; labour constantsand; property insurance.The Cost Guide is a 275-page bookthat is not designed to competewith the Handbook, but rather tocomplement it.Rawlinsons has not increased itsprices for the 2012 editions, with thecost of Rawlinsons AustralianConstruction Handbook remaining at

    $375.00 per book, whilst Rawlinsons ConstructionCost Guide is $248.00. These figures include GST,quarterly updates for April, July and October 2012and, courier delivery to your street address.

    For further information please Email:[email protected] or to place an order, pleasevisit the website: www.rawlinsons.com

    Rawlinsons Construction Cost Books 2012

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